i  ill 


m 


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! 

LIBRARY 

OF  THE 

University  of  California. 

GIF^T  OF" 
THE   FAMILY  OF  REV.  DR.  GEORGE   MOOAR 

Class 

^  ^ 


■^  ^z 


.1  H  IluRor€U,LiHi 


HISTORY 


OF   THE 


TOWN     OF     UNION, 


IN  THE  COUNTY  OF  LINCOLN,  MAINE, 


THE  MIDDLE  OF  THE  NINETEENTH  CENTURY 


FAMILY    KEGIST1]R 


SETTLERS  BEFORE  THE  YEAR  1800,  AND  OF  THEIR  DESCENDANTS. 


JOHN  LANGDON  SIBLEY, 


MEMBEK    OF    THE    MASSACHUSETTS    HISTOEICAL     SOCIETT. 


"E  minimis  maxima." 


BOSTON: 

BENJAMIN   B.  MUSSEY   AND    CO. 

1851. 


OF  THE 


'^' 


BOSTON : 
PRINTED   BY   JOHN   WILSON   AND   SON, 

No.    22,    ScnOOL-STEEET. 


CONTENTS. 


CHAPTER    I.  .  p^e. 

Geography.  —  Situation.  Boundaries.  Rivers  and  Brooks.  Ponds.  Soil. 
Climate.  Freshets.  Hail  and  Frogs.  Lightning.  Health  and  Longevity. 
Scenery 1 

CHAPTER    II. 

Ante-plantation  History.  —  Muscongus  or  Waldo  Patent.  Disputed  Terri- 
tory. St.  George's  River  proposed  as  a  Boundary.  Indians.  Hart's  and 
Boggs's  Escape  from  them.    Dick6  and  the  Comet 22 

CHAPTER    III. 

Plantation  History. —  1772,  1773:  First  Settlers.  The  Anderson  Party. 
1774,  Plan  of  Anderson's  Lot.  Purchase  of  the  Township  by  Dr.  John 
Taylor.  His  Arrival  with  the  Butlers  and  others.  First  Public  Act  of  Devo- 
tion. Frightened  Moose.  Occupation  of  the  Anderson  Camp.  Clearing 
commenced.  High  Words  with  the  Anderson  Party.  Taylor's  Return  to 
Massachusetts.  Deed  to  Taylor.  1775:  Taylor  in  Congress.  Butlers  again 
at  Work.  First  Rye  sowed.  Butlers  go  West.  Taylor  comes  back  and  labors. 
Butlers  return:  are  hired  out  to  Benjamin  Packard.  Packard's  Log-house. 
Timber  for  Taylor's  Buildings.    Privations.    Butler  and  the  Bear.       .        .      27 

CHAPTER    IV. 

Plantation  History,  conti7med.  —  1776:  Philip  Robbins's  Purchase.  David 
Robbins's  the  first  Family.  Richard  Cummings.  Taylor  again.  First  Frame 
House.  First  Crop  of  Rye.  Raising  of  a  Barn.  Log-houses  of  Richard 
Cummings  and  David  Robbius.  Arrival  of  the  Families  of  Philip  Robbins 
and  Richard  Cummings.  Crowded  House.  Timber  House.  Barn.  Tay- 
lor's Mills 36 

CHAPTER    V. 

Plantation  History,  continued.  — 1777:  Phinehas  Butler  enters  the  Army. 
Purchases  by  Abijah  Hawes ;  by  Ezra  Bowen ;  by  Jonathan  Amory ;  by 
Joel  Adams,  Jason  Ware,  and  Matthias  Hawes.  Settlement  of  John  Butler. 
1778 :  Suchfort  the  Hessian.  Blacksmithing.  Calamitous  Fire.  Suffering 
for  Food 41 


315 


;> 


iv  CONTENTS. 

CHAPTER     VI.  Page. 

Plantation  History,  continued.  —  1779 :  Wheaton's  Purchase.  Settlement  of 
Joel  Adams,  Matthias  Havves,  and  Jason  Ware.  Woodward.  Fairbanks. 
Settlement  of  Moses  Hawes.  Ebenezer  Robbing.  1780:  Jennison's  Pur- 
chase. 1781 :  First  Wedding.  Jessa  Robbins.  1782  :  Settlement  of  Phinehas 
Butler.    Elisha  Partridge.    Taylor's  Conveyance  to  Reed 45 

CHAPTER    VII. 

Plantation  UiaTonvy  concluded.  — 1783 :  Log-house.  Bride.  Bride's  Dower. 
Jessa  Robbins.  1784 :  Amariah  Mero.  1785 :  Josiah  Robbins.  Gillmor.  Cat- 
and-clay  Chimney.  Royal  Grinnell.  Elijah  Holmes.  1786  :  Arrival  of  the 
Families  of  Josiah  Robbins;  of  Samuel  Hills.  'Samuel  Martin.  Organiza- 
tion of  the  Plantation 51 

CHAPTER    VIII. 

Incorpobation  History.  — 1786,  Petition  for  Incorporation.  Act  of  Incorpo- 
ration.   Number  and  Names  of  the  Inhabitants 60 

CHAPTER    IX. 

Settlers  after  the  Incorporation.  — 1787:  Levi  Morse.  Oliver  Leland. 
William  Hart.  1788 :  The  Maxcys.  1789 :  The  Daggetts.  Seth  Luce.  Chris- 
topher Butler.  Ichabod  Irish.  Barnabas  Webb.  1793:  Casualty  to  the 
Maxcy  Family.    Remarks  on  the  Early  Settlers 64 

CHAPTER    X. 

Population.  — Census,  Aug.  1,  1790.  Abstracts  from  Censuses.  Hawes's 
Census  in  1826.    State  Census,  March  1,  1837 73 

CHAPTER    XI. 

Population  in  1850.  —  Census,  June  1, 1850,  with  Names  and  Ages.        ,        .      77 

CH^APTER    XII. 

Mineral  and  Arboral  Products.  — Minerals.  Timber.  Felling  of  Trees. 
Burning  of  Cut-downs.  Shingles.  Benjamin  Speed.  Lakin."  Boards  and 
Saw-mills.    Lime-casks 97 

CHAPTER    XIII. 

Agricultural  and  Horticultural  Products.  — Barley  and  Rye.  Indian 
Com.    Wheat.    Potatoes.    Fruit.    Peaches  and  Plums.     Apples.  .        .105 

CHAPTER    XIV. 

Marufacturcs  and  Trade.  — Spinning  Wheels.  Looms.  Home-made  Cloth- 
ing. Fulling  Mills.  Carding  JWachines.  Factories.  Paper  Mills.  Tan- 
neries. Potash.  Iron  Works.  Fossetts'  Mills.  Stores.  Carting  Goods  to 
Boston  in  the  War  of  1812.    Canals .        .108 


CONTENTS. 


CHAPTER    XV.  Page. 

Municipal  Histort.  —  Town  Meetings.  Notifications.  Places  of  holding  them. 
Town  Officers.  Oath  of  Office  in  1787.  Town  Clerks.  Selectmen.  Assess- 
ors.   Constables.    Collectors.    Treasurers.    Tithingmen.    Fish  Wardens.    .    114 

CHAPTER    XVI. 

Topographical  History.  —  First  Burial  Place.  Old  Burying  Ground.  First 
Private  Burying  Ground.  Second  Private  Burying  Ground.  East  Union 
Burying  Ground.    Hearses.    Common.    Pound.    Town  House.    .        .        .    130 

CHAPTER    XVII. 

First  Meeting-house.  —  Early  Efforts  for  a  Meeting-house.  Spot  selected. 
Location  changed.  Contracted  for.  Porch.  Raising.  Enclosed.  Pillars. 
Pulpit  Window.  Outside  to  be  finished.  Temporary  Seats.  Pews.  Roof 
to  be  painted.  Sale  of  Pews.  Names  of  Owners.  Lock  voted.  Descrip- 
tion of  the  House.  Pews  built  in  the  Gallery.  Repairs.  Stove.  Decay 
and  Desecration  of  the  House.  Taken  down.  Associations  with  it.  Cus- 
toms.   Marriage  Publishments.    Dogs  and  Dog  Whippers 143 

CHAPTER     XVIII. 

Ecclesiastical  History.  — 1779  to  1803 :  Going  to  Meeting  at  St.  George's. 
John  Urquhart.  Isaac  Case.  Nine  Pounds  raised  for  Preaching.  William 
Riddel  called.  Aaron  Humphrey.  Two  hundred  Dollars  raised.  Mode  of 
dividing  the  Money.  Abraham  Gushee  called.  Jabez  Pond  Fisher  called. 
Jonathan  Gilmore.    Henry  True  called  and  settled 161 

CHAPTER    XIX. 

Ecclesiastical  History,  continued.  —  Organization  of  the  First  Congrega- 
tional Church.  Mr.  Huse's  Account  of  the  Proceedings.  Conduct  of 
Samuel  Hills  and  the  Rev.  Messrs.  Sewall,  Bayley,  and  others.  Articles 
of  Faith.  Covenant.  Signers' 'Names.  Opposition  by  the  Hills  Party. 
Hills's  "  Ex  Parte  "  Council,  Sept.  10,  1806.  Conduct  of  the  Hills  Party 
about  the  Ordination.  Hills  censured.  Council,  June  29,  1808.  Hills's 
«'Ex  Parte"  Council,  Feb.  15,  1809.    Second  Congregational  Church  or- 

Mr.  Huse's  Letter  concluded 171 

CHAPTER    XX. 

Ecclesiastical  History,  continued  —  1807  to  1819:  Proceedings  of  the  Town 
to  pay  Mr.  True.  Remission  of  Ministerial  Taxes.  Signers  to  the  Metho- 
dists; to  the  Friends;  to  the  Baptists.  Movements  to  dissolve  the  Town's 
Contract  with  Mr.  True.  Incorporation  of  the  First  Congregational  Society. 
Dissolution  of  the  Town's  Contract. 192 

CHAPTER    XXI. 

Ecclesiastical  HrsTORY,  continued.  —  1816  to  1825  :  Attempts  to  raise  Money. 
Dissolution  of  Mr.  True's  Pastoral  Connection  with  the  Church  and  Society. 


VI  CONTENTS. 

Page. 
Result  of  the  Council.    Proposals  for  uniting  the  Congregational  Churches. 
Obstacles  to  a  Union.    Union  effected 204 

CHAPTER    XXII. 

Ecclesiastical  History,  continued.  — 1825  to  1850 :  Preachers  after  the  Union. 
Freeman  Parker.  George  W.  Fargo.  Ordination  afid  Dismission  of  Oren 
Sikes.  Meeting-house.  Ordination  and  Dismission  of  Uriah  Balkam. 
Samuel  Bowker's  Ordination. 214 

CHAPTER    XXIII. 

Ecclesiastical  History,  continued.  —  Methodists  and  Baptists.  —  Metho- 
dist Church  and  Society.  First  Methodist  Preaching.  Circuits  and  Dis- 
tricts. Organization.  Places  of  Worship.  Meeting-house.  Camp  Meetings. 
Parsonage.  Preachers.  Baptist  Church  and  Society.  Central  Baptist  Church.    217 

CHAPTER    XXIV. 

Ecclesiastical  History,  concluded.  —  Uniyersahsts.  —  First  Universalist 
Preaching.  Organization.  Maine  Association.  John  Bovee  Dods.  Con- 
stitution.   Preachers.    Meeting-house.     Bell. 222 

CHAPTER    XXV. 

Delusiows  AND  Superstitions.  —  Signs  and  Omens.  Witchcraft.  Bewitched 
Horse 227 

CHAPTER     XXVI. 

Political  History.  —  Voting.  Separation  of  Maine  from  Massachusetts. 
Harmony  and  Diversity  of  Sentiment.  Embargo.  Petition  to  the  President 
of  the  United  States.  Reply.  Remonstrance.  Petition  to  the  Legislature  of 
Massachusetts.  Celebration,  July  4, 1810.  Celebration  in  1814.  Ode  and 
Hymn. 230 

CHAPTER    XXVII. 
Political  History,  concluded.  —  Members  of  Congress.    Governors.    Lieute- 
nant-Governors.   Town  Representatives.    Justices  of  the  Peace.    Coroners. 
Post  Offices  and  Postmasters 239 

CHAPTER    XXVIII. 

Financial  History.  —  Taxes.  Early  Apportionment  of  Taxes.  Controversy 
with  Warren.  Petition  to  the  Legislature  in  1780.  Petition  to  the  Legisla- 
ture in  1783.  Plantation  Taxes.  Taxes  since  the  Incorporation.  Taxes 
paid  in  Produce.  Exemption  of  Philip  Bobbins,  jun.  Table.  Adams's 
Petition  to  the  Legislature  in  1794.  State  of  the  Finances  in  1795.  Dollars 
and  Cents.    Taking  the  Valuation.    Payment  of  Taxes 256 

CHAPTER    XXIX. 

Financial  History,  concZuded.  — Reed's  Case.  Surplus  Revenue.  Paupers. 
Warning  out  of  Town.    Maintenance  of  the  Poor .    266 


CONTENTS.  .  VU 


CHAPTER    XXX.  Page, 

Highways.  —  Early  Difficulties  in  Travelling.  Moss.  Paths.  Spotted  Trees. 
Exposure  of  Matthias  Hawes.  First  Roads.  First  Highway  Districts. 
Character  of  the  Roads.  Corduroy  Roads.  Boating  and  Visiting.  Ox 
Sleds.    First  Teaming  to  Neighboring  Towns 273 

CHAPTER     XXXI. 

Highways,  concluded.  —  Surveyors  and  Commissioners.  Taxes.  Compensa- 
tion. Time  for  doing  the  Work.  Breaking  Roads  in  Winter.  Comparative 
Value  of  Money  and  Labor. 279 

CHAPTER    XXXII. 

Bridges.  — Log  Bridges.  Lower,  or  True's  Bridge.  Middle  Bridge,  at  Bache- 
lor's Mills.  South  Union  Bridge.  Upper  Bridge,  at  Hills'  Mills.  Report  on 
Bridges  in  1805.    Appropriations 287 

CHAPTER    XXXIII. 

Educational  History.  —  Earliest  Schools  and  Teachers.    Schools  at  a  later 
Period.     School  Children  in  Summer.      Drink.     Recess.    Josiah.    Com- 
plaints and  Punishments.    Girls'  Work  in  School.     Reading.     Spelling. 
Noontime  and  Dinners.  Winter  Schools.    Severer  Punishments.    Intermis- 
^sions  in  Winter.    Studies.    Evening  Schools. 294 

CHAPTER    XXXIV. 

Educatioital  Hist  our,  concluded.  —  School  Districts.  School  Houses.  School 
Committees.  School  Agents.  School  Children.  School  Money.  High 
Schools.    Lyceum.    Libraries 302 

CHAPTER    XXXV. 

Professional  History. —  College  Graduates.  Lawyers.  -Physicians.  Indian 
Doctor.    Urine  Doctor.    Singing  Masters  and  Singing  Schools.    Brass  Band.    318 

CHAPTER    XXXVI. 

Military  History.  —  Revolutionary  Soldiers.  Loyalist.  Incidents  in  the 
Revolutionary  War.  French  War.  Military  Appropriations.  Powder 
House.    Military  Spirit 327 

CHAPTER    XXXVIL 

Military  History,  continued.  —  Infantry  Officers.  Light  Infantry.  Its  Or- 
ganization and  Dress.  Its  Officers.  Rifle  Company.  Its  Organization  and 
Dress.    Rifles.    Its  Officers.    Disbandment 338 

CHAPTER    XXXVIII. 

Military  History,  continued.  —  War  of  1812.  Pay  voted  by  the  Town. 
Drafts.    Alarm.    Companies  ordered  out.    Parade  on  Sunday.    March  to 


Vlll  CONTENTS. 

Page. 
Camden.    Peace.    Soldiers  from  Union  in  the  Army.    Texan  War.    Mexi- 
can War 343 

CHAPTER    XXXIX. 

Military  History,  continued.  —  Difficulty  with  the  Waldonian  Officers-  The 
Dinner.  Waldonian  Influence  in  the  Field.  Election  of  Lieut.-Col. 
Bachelder.  Precedence  of  Rank  on  the  Field.  Remoteness  of  Musters. 
Pecuniary  Considerations.  Indignation  at  a  Military  Election.  Acts  of  the 
Legislature.    Excitement. 350 

CHAPTER    XL. 

Military  History,  continued.  —  Violent  Rain-storm.  The  Companies  at 
Waldoborough  Meeting-house.  Uncomfortable  Feelings.  Burial  of  the 
Colonel  under  Arms.  Uneasiness.  Anecdotes.  Line  formed.  Irregular 
March  to  the  Muster-field.  Rogue's  March.  Unsuccessful  Attempt  to 
stop  the  Music.  Orders  misunderstood.  Confusion.  Desertion.  Hur- 
rah  354 

CHAPTER    XLI. 

Military  History,  continued. —  Col.  Avery  Rawson.  Charges  against  him 
stopped.  Charges  against  Officers  in  Union.  Trial  of  Lieut.-Col.  John 
Bachelder.    Trial  of  Capt.  Lewis  Bachelder 361 

CHAPTER    XLII. 

Military  History,  continued.  —  Trial  of  Capt.  John  P.  Bobbins.  Objections 
and  Protest.    Charges  and  Specifications.    Result. 366 

CHAPTER    XLIII. 

Military  History,  continued.  —  Evasion  of  the  Laws.  John  Chapman  Rob- 
bins  becomes  Clerk.  Loss  of  the  Company  Roll.  Muster  near  Trow- 
bridge's, in  Warren.  Lieut.  Ebenezer  Cobb.  "  A  good  time."  Horsemen 
ride  about  the  Muster-field.  Robbins  gives  Orders.  Unsuccessful  Attempts 
to  arrest  him.    Notes  for  Fines  burnt  as  Wadding. 370 

CHAPTER    XLIV. 

Military  History,  continued.  —  Orders  to  elect  Officers.  Movements  to  Re- 
elect Capts.  Bachelder  and  Robbins.  Nathan  Bachelder  chosen  Captain. 
Pardon  Rtibbins  and  the  Cabbage.  Re-election  of  Capt.  Noah  Rice.  He  is 
cashiered.  Voluntary  Trainings  and  Muster.  Aroostook  War.  Rifle  Com- 
pany disbanded.  Philo  Thurston.  Ebenezer  Ward  Adams  chosen  Captain. 
His  Trial  and  Imprisonment 373 

CHAPTER    XLV. 

Military  History,  continued. —  Two  Companies  of  Infantry.  Election  of 
Officers  at  Amos  Walker's.    March  to  the  Common 379 


CONTENTS.  .  IX 


CHAPTER    XLVL  P^e. 

Military  History,  concluded.  —  Qualifying  Remarks.  Extension  of  the  Un- 
military  Spirit.    Change  of  Public  Sentiment.    Military  Musters.  .        .        .    382 

CHAPTER    XLVII. 

ZooLOGicAi,  History.  —  Early  Hunting  and  Hunters.  Boggs.  Anderson. 
Davis  and  the  Tortoise.  Dick6.  The  dogs  Tuner  and  Lion.  Laws  about 
Deer  and  Moose  and  Deer-reeves.  Deers.  Moose.  Their  Haunts.  Time 
and  Manner  of  hunting  them.  Their  Yards.  Transportation  of  Moose  Beef. 
Dressing  and  cooking  it.   Moose  in  Summer.  One  killed  in  Seven -tree  Pond.    386 

CHAPTER    XLVIII. 

Zoological  History,  confrijmed.  —  Bears.  Bear  Traps.  Setting  Guns.  Bears 
caught  by  David  Robbins  and  Jessa  Robbins.  Baited  and  killed  by  Ezekiel 
Hagar.  Love  Rum.  Taken  to  Boston  and  shot.  Encounters  on  Seven- 
tree  Pond;  on  Hart's  Hill;  on  Hills  Point;  on  Simmons's  Hill;  on  the 
Bobbins  Neck.  Adam  Martin.  Jason  Ware  and  his  Dog  Sambo.  Fate  of 
Sambo.     Mrs.  Hart  and  the  Bear  Trap 395 

CHAPTER    XLIX. 

Zoological  Histo^ry,  cowft/med,  — Wolves.  Wolf-hunt.  Cat-vaughan.  Foxes. 
Personal  Experience.  Fox  seized  by  Asa  Messer.  Beavers.  Raccoons. 
Musquash.    Minks,  Sables,  and  Loup-cervier.    Weasel.        .       .       .       .406 

CHAPTER    L. 

Zoological  History,  continued. —  Ducks.  Wild  Pigeons.  Loons.  Crows 
and  Blackbirds.     Hunting  Matches.  .        . 413 

CHAPTER    LI. 

Zoological  History,  concluded.  —  Fish  Laws.  Salmon.  Alewives.  Fish- 
hawks  and  Eagles.    Eels.    Smelts.    Trout  and  Pickerel.    Other  Fish.        .    418 

CHAPTER    LII. 

Conclusion.  — Design.  Sources  of  Information.  Changes  since  the  Settle- 
ment.   Possibilities  and  Responsibilities. 425 


Family  Register 429 

General  Index ,    519 


ERRATA. 


On  pages  2  and  20,  for  1707  read  1607  ;  p.  9,  for  "  July  "  read  May ;  p.  Ill,  for 
"bolt"  read  bolter;  p.  133,  for  "Jane"  read  James;  p.  318,  for  "Freeman  Luce 
Daggett  "read  JuJm  S.  Daggett;  p.  323  for  "John  Hawes"  read  John  Brown; 
p.  360,  for  "  sergeant-major"  read  major;  p.  390,  for  "  windward  "  read  leeward. 

The  inaccuracy  of  the  different  records  which  have  been  transcribed  has  led  to 
inconsistency  in  regard  to  several  names  ;  the  middle  name  of  the  same  individual 
in  some  instances  being  omitted,  and  in  others  retained. 


HISTORY   OF   UNION. 


HISTOEY  OF   UNION. 


CHAPTER    I. 

GEOGRAPHY. 

Situation.  —  Boundaries.  —  Rivers  and  Brooks.  —  Ponds.  —  Soil.  — 
Climate.  —  Freshets.  —  Hail  and  Frogs.  —  Lightning.  —  Health 
and  Longevity.  —  Scenery. 

SITUATION. 

The  town  of  Union,  in  the  county  of  Lincoln  and 
State  of  Maine,  is  situated  in  about  44^  15'  north 
latitude,  and  7^^  50'  east  longitude  from  the  city  of 
Washington.  The  Common,  or  principal  village,  is 
twenty-eight  miles  east-south-east  of  Augusta,  eight 
mUes  from  the  head  of  the  tide-waters  of  St.  George's 
River  at  Warren,  and  twelve  miles  from  the  State 
Prison  in  Thomaston. 

BOUNDARIES. 
The  town  is  bounded  on  the  south  and  south-west 
"by  Warren  and  Waldoborough ;  on  the  west  by  Medo- 
mac  River,  which  separates  it  from  Washington ;  and 
on  the  north  and  north-east  by  Appleton  and  Hope 
and  Camden,  till  at  its  eastern  extremity  it  makes 
with  Camden  and  Warren  an  angle  on  the  north-west 
side  of  Mount  Pleasant,  near  its  summit. 

RIVERS  AND  BROOKS. 

St.  George's  River,  formerly  the  Segochet,  Segoh- 
quet,  or  Segocket,  enters  the  town  through  Sunnybec 
Pond  on  the  north.     After  running  about  a  mile  and 

1 


2  GEOGRAPHY. 

a  half,  in  which  it  passes  Hills'  Mills  and  Bachelor's 
Mills,  it  flows  in  a  westerly  and  southerly  direction 
into  Round  Pond.  Thence  it  runs  east  into  Seven-tree 
Pond.  Its  course  afterwards  is  southerly  through 
Warren,  towards  the  Atlantic  Ocean.^ 

The  Pettengill  Stream  runs  from  the  Cedar 
Swamp  in  Appleton,  across  a  corner  of  Union,  by 

^  Belonging  to  the  splendid  library  of  John  Carter  Brown,  of  Pro- 
vidence, R.I.  is  a  manuscript,  copied  from  the  "  Mus.  Brit.  Bibl.  Sloan. 
No.  1622."  It  is  the  •  •  historic  of  Trauaile  into  Virginia  Britania  .... 
gathered  &  observed  as  well  by  those  who  went  first  thither,  as  col- 
lected by  William  Strachey,  Gent."  In  a  detailed  account  of  the 
unsuccessful  attempt  to  plant  a  colony  at  "  Sachadehoc,"  the  name 
of  this  river  is  incidentally  introduced  and  spelled  Segohquet.  Capt. 
John  Smith,  in  his  ♦*  Generall  Historic,"  spells  it  Segocket.  David 
Crockett,  Esq.  of  Bockland,  who  has  had  much  intercourse  mth  the 
Penobscot  Indians  for  sixty  or  seventy  years,  thinks  they  did  not  give 
the  name  Segocket  to  any  part  but  the  branch  which  rises  in  Cush- 
ing,  and,  pursuing  a  north  and  west  course,  joins  the  main  river  near 
the  dividing  line  of  Union  and  Warren.  He  says,  moreover,  that 
Governor  Neptune,  of  the  Penobscots,  told  him  Jorgis,  or  Chorchis, 
as  the  word  is  pronounced  by  them,  is  the  Indian  word  for  George's, 
and  that  the  meaning  is  "  delightsome  "  or  "  delightful."  Governor 
Sullivan,  in  a  Topographical  Description  of  Thomaston,  in  the  Col- 
lections of  the  Massachusetts  Historical  Society,  vol.  iv.  says  "its 
Indian  name  was  Georgekee,  from  whence  was  probably  derived  its 
present  name  of  George's."  May  not  the  governor  be  mistaken  in 
spelling  the  word  Georgekee,  instead  of  Georgekeag ;  and  the  termi- 
nal syllable  have  been  used  to  mean  the  same  as  in  Wessaweskeag, 
another  place  in  the  vicinity ;  and  the  Indians  have  prefixed  the  word 
George's,  which  was  in  use  by  the  whites  after  the  river  was  dis- 
covered ? 

In  1605,  Capt.  George  Weymouth,  probably  in  honor  of  the  patron- 
saint  of  England,  gave  the  name  St.  George's  to  an  island,  which, 
according  to  Hosier's  description,  agrees  with  Monhegan.  St.  George's 
now  is  the  name  of  a  cluster  of  islands.  St.  George's  Island  Harbor, 
at  the  mouth  of  St.  George's  River,  is  probably  the  place  which 
Weymouth  visited,  and  named  Pentecost  Harbor.  There  can  be  but 
little  doubt  that  the  river  derived  its  name  from  the  island  mentioned 
by  Rosier.  The  five  Indians  seized  and  carried  off  by  Weymouth,  it 
is  supposed,  were  taken  from  this  river.  That  there  was  an  Indian 
village  on  the  river  seems  probable  from  Capt.  John  Smith's  map,  on 
which  he  assigns  to  a  village  the  name  Norwich,  given  by  Prince 
Charles,  afterward  King  Charles  the  First.  May  not  this  village  have 
been  at  the  fishing-ground  by  the  head  of  the  tide  in  Warren  ? 

The  Strachey  MS.  states,  that,  when  Popham  was  on  the  way  to 
Sagadahock  in  1707,  he  anchored  near  "  St.  George  his  Island,"  and 
"  found  a  Crosse  sett  vp,  one  of  the  same  w<=^  Capt.  George  Weymou 
....  left  upon  this  Island."     On  Sunday,  Aug.  7,  "  the  chief  of  both 


RIVERS  AND   BROOKS.  3 

Fossett's  Mills ;  and  enters  Medomac  River,  about 
two  miles  southerly  of  the  north-west  corner  of  the 
town. 

Muddy  Brook  conveys  the  water  of  Muddy  Pond 
from  the  north-west  into  Round  Pond.  It  carries  a 
stave-mill. 

BowKER  Brook,  or  Cashman  Brook,  as  it  is  fre- 
quently called  from  a  family  which  resided  near  it 
early  in  the  nineteenth  century,  runs  southerly,  and 
enters  St.  George's  River  about  half  a  mile  above 
Round  Pond. 

Seven  Brook  rises  in  Appleton,  east  of  Sunnybec 
Pond,  and  enters  Seven-tree  Pond  at  its  north  end. 

Crawford's  River,  commonly  called  the  Mill 
Stream  by  the  early  settlers,  and  afterward  Maxcy's 
Mill  Stream,  runs  west  from  Crawford's  Pond  to 
Seven-tree  Pond.  Its  water  is  comparatively  warm 
in  winter,  and,  being  uncommonly  pure,  is  very  valua- 
ble for  manufacturing  purposes.  The  Indian  name, 
which  was  known  to  the  early  settlers,  is  lost.  On 
this  stream  is  the  village  of  South  Union. 

Miller's  Brook,  sometimes  called  the  Daniels 
Brook,  rises  in  Hope,  and,  taking  a  southerly  direction, 
passes  through  the  farms  of  John  Payson,  Nathan 
Daniels,  and  others,  and  enters  Crawford's  Pond  near 
MiUer's  Point. 

Eastern  Stream,  sometimes  caUed  Lermond's 
Stream,  rises  in  Hope,  passes  through  "  The  Lakes," 
and,  after  a  south-south-west  course,  in  w^hich  it  car- 
ries several  mills,  flows  into  Crawford's  Pond. 

Fish's  Stream,  rising  in  Barrett's  Pond  near  Hope 
Corner,   runs    in   a   southerly   direction,   and   passes 

the  shipps  w^^  the  greatest  part  of  all  the  Company  landed  on  the 
Island  where  the  Crosse  stood  ....  and  heard  a  Sermon  delivered 
unto  them  by  Mr  Ri:  Seymour." 

Rosier's  account  of  Weymouth's  Voyage  in  "  Purchas  his  Pil- 
grimes,"  iv.  1659,  and  Coll.  Mass.  Hist.  Soc.  3d  series,  viii.  Holmes's 
Annals,  i.  123.  Map  in  Smith's  Description  of  New  England.  Smith's 
"  Generall  Historic  of  Virginia,"  &c.  205.  Belknap's  American  Bio- 
graphy, ii.  137,  146.  Williamson's  History  of  the  State  of  Maine, 
i.  192, 


4  GEOGRAPHY. 

through  Fish's  Pond.  There  is  another  stream,  which 
rises  in  Grassy  Pond,  and  runs  south-south-westerly. 
These  two  unite  in  Crawford's  Meadow,  whence  their 
waters  flOw  by  Hilt's  Mills,  and  enter  Crawford's  Pond 
at  its  south-east  corner.  Both  streams  carry  mills  be- 
fore and  after  they  are  united. 

Some  of  the  small  streams.  Seven  Brook  for  in- 
stance, are  occasionally  dry  or  nearly  so  in  summer, 
though  it  was  not  the  case  when  the  town  was  first 
settled.  Some  persons  think  this  is  caused  by  the  soil 
washed  in  from  the  ploughed  and  cultivated  banks, 
and  by  the  clearing  up  of  the  forests,  which  overhung 
the  springs  by  which  they  were  fed. 

PONDS. 

SuNNYBEC  Pond,  situated  partly  in  Hope  and  partly 
in  Union,  is  198  rods  wide,  on  the  Hope  and  Union 
line.  There  is  a  tradition,  that  several  Indians  came 
from  the  East  on  a  hunting  and  fishing  excursion. 
At  the  harbor  in  Lincolnville  they  caught  some  ducks, 
and  called  the  place  Duck  Trap.  They  proceeded 
with  their  ducks  to  Camden,  which  they  called  Me- 
gun-ti-cook,i  because  there  they  began  to  cook  them. 
On  arriving  at  Friendship,  they  broke  their  cook- 
ing pot,  and  called  the  place  Me-dun-cook.^  Pro- 
ceeding up  the  St.  George's,  they  came  to  Sunnybec 
Pond,  which  they  named  Sunny-bake,  because  they 
were  obliged  to  cook  their  fish  and  food  in  the  sun  on 
the  rocks.  In  the  earliest  document  in  which  it  is 
mentioned,  it  is-  spelled  Sunnyback.  If  Sunnyback  be 
the  correct  orthography,  there  is  room  for  conjecture 
that  it  was  so  called  because  the  sidehill  back  of  the 
pond  is  particularly  exposed  to  the  rays  of  the  sun. 
Vegetation  there  comes  forward  much  earlier  than  in 


*  It  is  more  probable  that  the  word  is  Indian,  and  means  large  bay, 
or  place  of  great  swells  of  the  sea. 

'^  By  some  said  to  moan  "  a  sandy,  gravelly,  poor  place,  or  poor 
country."  D.  Crocket  says,  cook,  in  a  compound  word,  means  haven 
or  harbor ;  and  the  other  part  of  the  compound  word  designates  some- 
thing which  is  peculiar  or  distinctive  in  the  harbor. 


PONDS.  *  O 

other  places.  Governor  Neptune,  and  some  others  of 
the  Penobscot  tribe  of  Indians,  are  not  able  to  give  the 
meaning  of  the  word  Sennebec.  A  year  or  two  ago, 
David  Crocket  suggested,  diffidently,  that  Soony-bach 
or  Soony-bech  might  mean  the  appearance  presented 
by  an  enclosure  of  water,  or  of  water  almost  sur- 
rounded with  woods  and  hills ;  and  that,  from  this 
general  appearance,  the  name  may  have  been  derived. 
Recently,  he  made  inquiries  of  the  Indian  doctor  of 
the  Penobscot  tribe,  who  intimated  that  "  soony  meant 
shady,  and  that  bee  meant  a  place  where  other  water 
comes  in  across  the  main  channel,"  as  the  Androscog- 
gin, or,  more  properly  speaking,  the  Ameriscoggin, 
comes  into  the  Kennebec,  and  thus  furnishes  part  of 
the  name  to  the  latter  river.  Perhaps  one  or  more 
of  the  streams  which  enter  the  pond  were  much  larger, 
and  the  entrance  more  noticeable  by  the  Indians,  when 
the  whole  town  was  covered  with  a  forest  than  since 
it  has  been  cleared. 

Round  Pond,  which  is  about  three  quarters  of  a  mile 
in  diameter,  is  called  Little  Pond  on  a  plan  of  a  sur- 
vey of  the  Mill  Farm,  at  South  Union,  dated  May  1'^; 
1774.  It  probably  derives  its  present  name  from  its 
circular  shape.  If  a  person  stands  on  the  ice  in  the 
middle  of  it,  he  will  hardly  perceive  a  difference  in 
the  distance  to  any  part  of  the  shore. 

Muddy  Pond,  covering  from  fifty  to  one  hundred 
acres,  and  having  a  cranberry  meadow,  is  situated  a 
little  more  than  a  mile  north-west  of  Round  Pond. 

Seven-tree  Pond  is  about  three  miles  long,  and 
extends  into  Warren.  It  derives  its  name  from  seven 
trees,  which  grew  on  the  only  island  in  it  when  the  first 
settlers  came  to  the  place.  Several  of  these  trees  were 
standing  thirty  or  forty  years  ago.  They  have  fallen, 
till  now  only  one  of  the  smaller  of  them  remains. 
They  were  very  large,  and  must  have  derived  their 
nourishment  mainly  from  the  water,  which  was 
reached  by  the  fibres  of  the  roots  extending  down  to  it 
through  the  crevices  of  the  rocks.  The  island  has  so 
1* 


6  GEOGRAPHY. 

little  soil,  that  it  is  doubtful  whether  trees,  if  planted, 
could  now  be  made  to  live. 

Craavford's  Pond,  situated  in  the  south-easterly 
part  of  Union  and  in  Warren,  is  150  rods  wide  where 
it  is  crossed  by  the  line  which  divides  the  towns.  It 
derives  its  name  from  John  Crawford,  a  native  of 
Stirling  in  Scotland,  who  lived  about  a  quarter  of 
a  mile  above  the  village  in  Warren.  Col.  Samuel 
Waldo,  son  of  the  Brigadier- General,  gave  to  the 
Scotch  settlers  the  use  of  all  the  meadows  in  the  vici- 
nity, which  had  not  been  previously  laid  out  for  the 
inhabitants  of  Warren.  Crawford  took  the  meadow 
on  the  east  side  of  the  pond  which  bears  his  name. 
Having  cleared  a  sled-road  to  it  about  the  year  1764, 
he  went  to  Thomaston,  made  application  to  Waldo 
for  the  meadow,  and  called  for  a  bowl  of  punch  on  the 
occasion.  Waldo  took  a  draught  "  To  Crawford's 
Meadow,"  and  told  him  that  it  should  thenceforth 
bear  that  name,^ 

SOIL. 

'  By  competent  judges,  the  soil  of  Union  is  considered 
as  good  as  that  of  Farmington  and  Winthrop,  which 
are  generally  regarded  as  the  best  farming  towns  in 
the  State.  Some  persons  think  it  superior.  For 
many  years  after  the  settlement,  there  was  early  in 
summer  a  luxuriance  of  vegetation  and  a  beauty  un- 
surpassed in  the  county.  The  primitive  soU  had  not 
been  worn.  It  consisted  of  leaves  and  vegetable 
mould,  which  had  been  accumulating  for  centuries. 
Perhaps  one  of  the  richest  spots  in  town  is  on  the 
north  side  of  Crawford's  River,  near  the  outlet.  It  is 
said  to  be  the  only  place  where  any  corn  ripened  in 
the  cold  season  of  1816.  Immense  quantities  of 
alewives  had  been  carted  on  for  manure,  the  situation 
was  warm,  there  was  a  good  crop,  and  the  inhabitants 
went  to  the  owner  to  procure  the  corn  for  seed  the 
next  year. 

»  D.  Dick6,  of  Warren. 


CLIMATE.  7 

CLIMATE. 

Of  course  there  is  no  essential  difference  between 
the  climate  of  Union  and  that  of  Maine  in  general. 
The  warm  season  commonly  begins  two  or  three  weeks 
later,  and  the  cold  weather  a  little  earlier,  than  in  Mas- 
sachusetts. In  an  old  account-book  ^  of  Matthias 
Hawes  are  various  memoranda ;  and,  to  gratify  those 
who  are  curious  to  make  comparisons  between  the 
weather  many  years  ago  and  at  the  present  time, 
the  following  are  extracted :  —  "  1780,  March  5.  Mode- 
rate weather,  and  wind  southwardly.  The  ponds 
begin  to  break  up  at  the  edges.  April  16.  The  first  of 
our  going  down  the  river  by  water.  April  23.  The 
river  is  almost  broke  up.  1781,  Nov.  9.  The  first 
snow  this  fall.  1782,  June  7.  A  frost  which  killed 
some  of  om-  sauce.  Sept.  1.  Last  week  a  Hght  frost. 
Sept.  12.  The  first  frost  this  fall.  Oct.  31.  The  first 
snow.  Nov.  17.  A  slight  snow  on  the  ground.  1783, 
April  2.  The  river  open  so  as  to  pass  with  a  float. 
1784,  April  17.  The  snow  almost  gone  in  open  land. 
The  pond  broken  up  at  the  edges.  1785,  April  2. 
Snow  three  feet  deep.  1786,  April  2.  Snow  came 
knee  deep.  Last  Sunday  the  river  open  so  as  to  pass 
down  to  Mr.  Philip  Robbins's.  At  that  time  the  snow 
almost  gone  in  open  lands." 

Josiah  Robbins  harvested  rye  in  July,  1786.  The 
crop  was  raised  on  new  burnt  ground,  south  and  east 
of  the  Old  Burying  Ground.  It  was  protected  by  the 
forest  on  the  summit  of  the  hill,  and  the  sun  poured 
its  rays  into  the  blackened  field.  But  it  was  the  only 
time  that  Robbins  or  any  man  has  ever  been  able  to 
do  it  in  July. 

Governor  Sullivan  writes  in  1794,  for  the  "  Collec- 
tions of  the  Massachusetts  Historical  Society,"  vol.  iv. : 
"  The  prevailing  winds,  dmdng  the  winter  season,  are 
from  the  north-west.  Snows  generally  fall  on  a  level 
to  the  depth  of  three  or   four  feet.     Frosts  are  fre- 

^  For  the  loan  and  free  use  of  this  book,  the  writer  is  indebted  to 
the  kindness  of  Mr.  Noyes  P.  Hawes,  of  California. 


8  GEOGRAPHY. 

qnently  discoverable  in  September,  and  in  October  ice 
in  considerable  quantities  is  made.  The  snow  and 
ice  generally  lie  till  April,  when  the  sun  is  so  high  as 
to  melt  and  carry  it  away.  ...  In  July  and  August, 
the  heat  is  oftentimes  more  intense  than  in  Boston ; 
but  the  evenings  and  mornings  are  much  cooler." 

Gen.  Knox,  in  his  "  Advertisement  of  Land  for 
Sale,"  dated  June  15,  1799,  says:  "The  ground  is 
generally  covered  with  snow  from  the  middle  of  De- 
cember to  the  last  of  March.  .  .  .  Although  the  spring 
season  may  be  rather  later,  the  winters  do  not  set  in 
earlier  than  at  Boston." 

Samuel  Hills^  wrote :  "  28  January,  1797,  rain  the  first 
time  since  November  22d,  being  sixty-seven  days,  and 
very  cold,  there  being  but  three  days  that  it  thawed  out 
of  the  sun.  .  .  .  Oct.  26,  1827.  Seven-tree  Pond  crossed 
on  the  ice,  believed  to  be  the  earliest  for  forty  years  past. 
.  .  .  Pond  open  between  the  Eyes,  15  March,  1828.  Pond 
open  down  to  David  Robbins,  1  April,  1828.  Seven- 
tree  Pond  free  of  ice  on  the  4th,  if  not  on  the  5th." 

Forty  yoke  of  oxen  hauled  a  one  and  a  half  story 
dwelling-house  from  the  Colonel  Hawes  Place  across 
Seven-tree  Pond  on  the  ice  to  the  hill  south  of  South 
Union,  April  4,  1844.  The  pond  broke  up  three  days 
afterward.  The  circumstance  that  the  ice  was  so 
strong,  and  continued  so  late  in  the  season,  was  a  sub- 
ject of  much  remark.  Some  of  the  old  inhabitants  did 
not  recollect  that  it  had  ever  occurred  before.  Once 
in  the  present  century,  the  winter  set  in  on  the  23d  of 
November. 

It  is  generally  thought  that  there  has  been  consider- 
able change  in  the  climate  since  the  first  settlement. 
The  wind,  since  the  hills  have  been  laid  bare,  may  be 
as  bleak,  and  the  snows  nearly  as  deep,  as  they  were 
seventy-five  years  ago ;    but,  since  the   forests  have 

*  As  Samuel  Hills  kept  a  journal,  and  made  copious  notes  during 
his  lifetime  respecting  nearly  all  the  important  events  in  town,  it  is 
greatly  regretted  that  they  were  not  preserved.  Most  of  his  papers 
were  placed  in  a  garret  to  which  children  had  access,  and  all  except  a 
few  fragments  of  interleaved  almanacs  were  destroyed. 


FRESHETS.  9 

been  cleared  and  the  land  cultivated,  the  average  tem- 
perature, it  is  said,  has  become  milder.  Snows  are 
less  frequent ;  and,  instead  of  remaining  on  the  ground 
as  formerly,  and  making  good  sledding  for  months  in 
succession,  their  duration  is  uncertain.  In  some  win- 
ters, but  little  snow  falls,  sometimes  hardly  enough  to 
enable  the  farmer  to  do  by  sledding  the  work  appro- 
priate to  the  season ;  though,  early  in  January,  1851, 
the  snow  on  an  average  was  about  two  and  a  half 
feet  deep.  The  fathers  of  the  town  speak  in  strong 
language  of  the  severity  of  the  early  winters.  As, 
however,  a  series  of  metereological  observations  has 
never  been  made  here,  the  truth  as  to  change  of  cli- 
mate cannot  be  settled  by  incontestable  data.  It  is 
not  known  that  there  are  in  existence  any  memoranda 
of  consequence  on  the  subject,  except  those  which 
have  been  given;  and  they  are  very  incomplete  and 
unsatisfactory. 

FRESHETS. 

In  the  spring  of  1832,  the  town  was  visited  by  heavy 
rains.  "  From  the  18th  of  July  to  the  10th  of  June, 
we  had  not  one  fair  day.  The  sun  would  appear  but 
for  an  hour  or  two  in  the  middle  of  the  day,  when  it 
appeared  at  all;  and  then  it  would  be  obscured  by 
thick  clouds.  Most  of  the  days  during  this  time,  it 
was  not  seen :  when  it  did  shine,  it  produced  but  little 
effect,  being  obstructed  by  fog  and  broken  clouds.  On 
the  19th,  20th,  and  21st  days  of  May,  it  rained.  On  the 
20th  (Sunday  and  Sunday  night),  it  fell  in  cataracts. 
The  rain  was  terrible :  it  came  down  as  though  the 
'  windows  of  heaven  were  opened.'  Our  roads  were 
like  rivers,  and  the  natural  rivers  overflowed  their 
banks  like  the  Nile.  There  were  bayous  or  sluices 
which  carried  off  the  water  from  the  main  channel  of 
the  river  into  the  valleys.  The  view  at  Bachelor's 
Bridge  was  awfully  grand.  The  face  of  the  earth 
looked  as  if  the  fountains  of  the  great  deep  were 
broken  up.  An  avalanche  slipped  off  the  mountain 
near   our    powder-house,   in   a   south-west   direction, 


10  GEOGRAPHY. 

carrying  rocks  with  it  weighing  several  tons.  A  rivu- 
let of  running  water  followed  after.  In  this  town  the 
water  was  higher  than  ever  it  was  known  to  be  before 
by  our  oldest  inhabitants.  There  was  a  ferry-boat 
plying  over  the  lowlands  between  Waldoborough  and 
Warren.  Great  damages  have  been  sustained  in  this 
country  from  the  loss  of  bridges,  mills,  &c.  In  this  town, 
two  principal  bridges  over  the  St.  George's  River  have 
been  carried  away,  together  with  one  saw-mill,  one 
bark-mill,  the  old  factory,  and  several  other  buildings, 
great  and  small.  Many  of  our  farmers  have  ploughed 
up  their  cornfields,  and  sowed  them  with  barley  and 
oats.  Now  the  season  seems  to  be  favorable  for  all 
things,  except  corn."  ^ 

On  the  east  side  of  the  stone  dam  at  the  Middle 
Bridge  was  a  saw-mill,  and  over  it  a  machine-shop. 
The  bulkhead  of  the  flume,  being  rotten,  gave  way ; 
and,  consequently,  the  lower  end  of  the  saw-miU  tipped 
down.  The  dam  was  washed  off,  and  the  stones  were 
deposited  a  short  distance  below  in  the  eddy,  the  bot- 
tom of  which  previously  could  not  be  reached  with  a 
long  pike-pole.  The  roof  of  the  saw-mill  having  been 
tipped  under  the  bridge,  it  carried  it  off  on  its  back, 
stopped  with  it  about  thirty  rods  below,  and  laid  it 
across  the  fence  on  the  line  between  Robbins  and 
Gillmor.  The  saw-mill  and  machine-shop  went  twenty- 
five  or  thirty  rods  further,  and  landed  near  the  pine- 
tree  on  Robbins's  corn-land.  So  quietly  were  they 
carried  down,  that  the  chimney  and  bricks  in  the 
machine-shop  were  undisturbed,  and  the  gouges  and 
chisels  lay  on  the  turning-lathe,  ready  for  use. 

During  this  freshet,  the  water  crowded  into  the 
Robbins  Meadow.  Little's  Meadow,  at  the  head  of 
Seven-tree  Pond,  was  also  flooded.  The  water  pressed 
so  hard  from  the  Robbins  Meadow,  that  a  little  dig- 
ging, perhaps  fifteen  minutes',  would  have  opened  a 
passage  across  the  road,  where  it  was  stopped  mainly 
by  the  dirt  crowded  out  of  the  ruts.      Thus,  from 

1  Dr.  Sibley's  Letter,  June  14,  1832. 


HAIL  AND   FROGS.  11 

Bachelor's  Mills  to  the  head  of  Seven-tree  Pond,  a 
new  channel  for  the  river  might  have  been  opened 
nearly  in  the  course  of  the  canal. 

HAIL  AND  FROGS. 

"  July  21,  1820,  there  was  a  tremendous  shower  of 
hail  at  Sennebec.  A  few  large  ragged  pieces  of  ice 
fell  at  my  house.  Hail  fell  during  two  hours,  and  it 
was  thought  by  some  that  it  would  have  been  a  foot 
deep,  if  it  had  not  melted  on  the  ground.  The  crop 
of  corn  is  entirely  destroyed.  Grain,  potatoes,  and 
other  articles  much  injured.  Ninety  squares  of  glass 
were  broken  in  Esquire  M' Lean's  house,  and  as  many 
more  in  Lemuel  Lincoln's  house.  Yesterday  morn- 
ing, the  pastures  on  the  east  side  of  Appleton  Ridge 
appeared  white  with  ice,  when  viewed  by  the  inhabi- 
tants of  the  town  of  Hope.  Last  night,  a  man  told 
me  that  he  dug  down  through  the  hail  where  it  had 
rolled  in  a  heap  under  the  fence  near  Andrew  Such- 
fort's  (thirty  hours  after  it  had  fallen),  and  found  it 
ten  inches  deep.  I  have  my  information  from  the  suf- 
ferers ;  but  I  think  some  allowance  ought  to  be  made 
for  their  injured  feelings. 

"  August  6th.  Seventy-two  hours  after  the  hail,  I 
visited  the  place  to  see  the  ruins.  I  passed  from  Sen- 
nebec Pond  to  Appleton  Ridge,  where  the  hail  had 
made  the  greatest  havoc.  The  whole  face  of  nature 
was  changed.  The  verdure  of  the  fields  was  taken 
away,  and  the  earth  appeared  as  though  it  had  been 
covered  several  days  with  snow.  The  corn,  grain, 
beans,  peas,  and  garden  vegetables,  were  totally 
destroyed,  and  there  was  but  a  small  hope  of  potatoes. 
The  people  were  gathering  up  their  [corn  ?]  and  mow- 
ing their  wheat  for  fodder.  A  place  was  shown  to  me 
by  the  inhabitants  where  the  hail  had  drifted  by  wind 
and  rain  to  the  top  of  a  wall,  and  was  supposed  to 
have  been  four  feet  deep.  It  was  not  all  melted.  I 
saw  a  drift  of  hail  in  another  place  six  inches  deep, 
and  ten  or  fifteen  feet  long  on  the  north  side  of  a  wall, 
and  have  been  told  that  it  remained  two  or  three  days 


12  GEOGRAPHY. 

longer  before  it  was  melted.  Much  glass  was  broken. 
Some  herds  of  cattle  fled  to  the  woods,  and  whole 
broods  of  young  geese  and  turkeys  were  killed.  The 
hailstones  were  shaped  like  a  small  watch,  with  the 
addition  of  what  appeared  to  be  small  round  hail- 
stones congealed  to  the  edges  of  the  larger  ones.  The 
circumference  of  one  stone  that  had  been  measured 
was  5f  inches. 

"  No  sooner  was  the  hail  dissolved  than  the  frogs 
appeared.  They  were  like  the  grasshoppers  for  multi- 
tude. Various  were  the  conjectures  of  the  people 
about  their  origin.  Some  supposed  that  they  fell  from 
the  clouds  with  the  hail.  Others  accounted  for  them 
different  ways ;  but  their  origin  is  now  clearly  ascer- 
tained to  have  been  a  mill-pond  in  Cedar  Swamp, 
west  of  Appleton  Ridge.  An  old  Quaker  told  me 
that  he  was  at  the  mill-pond,  piling  up  boards,  about 
the  first  of  July,  and  that  the  shore  was  covered  with 
small  frogs,  hatched  the  present  year ;  that  the  largest 
of  them  left  the  water  first,  and  that  the  smaller  ones 
followed  after ;  that  they  travelled  west  of  the  pond 
into  the  wilderness,  and  east  of  the  pond  towards  St. 
George's  River.  The  frogs  that  took  an  easterly 
direction  had  to  pass  about  half  a  mile  through  the 
woods  (where  they  covered  the  ground)  to  the  west  end 
of  the  grass  fields  on  Appleton  Ridge.  When  they 
entered  the  cleared  land,  they  fed  on  grasshoppers,  and 
appeared  to  travel  faster  than  in  the  woods. 

"  The  old  Quaker  said  he  liked  to  have  them  come, 
as  they  did  no  harm  at  all,  but  evidently  thinned  off 
the  grasshoppers  where  they  went.  These  frogs 
pursued  uniformly  the  course  in  which  they  set  out. 
One  man  observed  that  they  could  not  be  whipped 
back  again  toward  their  mill-pond.  On  the  1st  instant 
I  was  on  Appleton  Ridge.  The  inhabitants  have  had 
a  plantation  meeting,  and  chosen  a  committee  to  ap- 
prize the  damage  done  by  the  hail,  and  intend  to  apply 
to  the  neighboring  towns,  or  to  the  Legislature  of  the 
State,  for  means  of  subsistence  through  the  winter. 
Tliey  have  sown  much  turnip-seed  and  some  buck- 


LIGHTNING.  13 

wheat  in  their  corn-fields.  The  potatoes  are  sprouting 
up,  and  give  hopes  of  a  small  crop.  The  apples 
which  had  not  been  beaten  from  the  trees  by  the  hail 
were  so  bruised  on  the  upper  side,  that  that  side  had 
ceased  to  grow ;  while  the  other  side  grew  as  fast  as 
though  there  had  been  no  hail.  There  was  not  a  mess 
of  green  sauce  to  be  had  in  all  the  neighborhood.  I 
saw  the  frogs.  They  appeared  to  be  pursuing  an 
easterly  course,  and  had  progressed  to  within  about 
fifty  rods  of  St.  George's  River,  where  I  saw  many 
of  them  hopping  on  the  west  side  of  a  wall,  by  which 
they  had  been  obstructed  in  their  course.  They  were 
green  and  speckled,  and  of  a  small  size.  Yesterday,  a 
man  told  me  that  their  number  was  greatly  diminished. 
He  supposed  they  had  died."  ^ 

LIGHTNING. 

June  29,  1815.  During  a  terrific  thunder  shower  in 
the  morning,  James  Lermond,  aged  about  forty,  living 
in  the  house  with  his  brother  William,  at  the  east  part 
of  the  town,  was  killed  by  lightning.  Being  at  work  on 
the  highway,  he  went  home  to  get  shelter.  After 
hanging  up  his  hat,  he  stood  at  a  table,  with  his  face 
towards  the  window.  The  lightning  came  down  the 
stud  of  the  window  about  as  low  as  his  breast,  then 
leaped  to  his  breast,  passed  down  his  body,  made  a  hole 
through  the  floor,  and  threw  him  backwards  towards 
the  fire.  The  ashes  were  scattered  over  his  face.  He 
was  killed  instantly.  By  the  same  stroke  of  lightning, 
the  front  door  and  the  studs  were  thrown  out,  and  the 
mouldings  above  and  the  window  were  thrown  in. 
Glass  in  the  several  windows  around  the  house  was 
broken  out.  A  stud  from  the  west  side  was  carried 
across  the  chamber,  and  hurled  several  rods  through  a 
window  on  the  east  side.  The  second  story  of  the 
house  was  torn  in  pieces.  The  lightning  ran  in  every 
direction.  From  careful  observations,  it  was  evident 
that  its  course  had  often  been  upward. 

"  August  8,  1819.  Four  weeks  ago,  we  had  a  fright- 

^  Letter  of  Dr.  J.  Sibley. 


14  GEOGRAPHY. 

ful  tempest.  The  lightning  struck  a  large  barn  be- 
longing to  Ephraim  Boggs,  in  Warren^  (half  a  mile 
south  of  Moses  Morse's),  and  burnt  it  to  the  ground. 
The  same  day  the  lightning  struck  a  balm-of-Gilead 
tree  near  Moses  Morse's  house,  and  a  stump  in  his 
fence,  which  it  set  on  fire.  William  Hart's  barn  was 
also  struck  at  the  same  time,  and  Mr.  Metcalf's^  cow- 
yard  fence.  The  next  Saturday  after  Mr.  Boggs's  barn 
was  burnt,  he  had  another  barn  of  the  same  size  on 
the  same  ground  finished,  doors  all  swinging ;  and  I 
am  told  that  thirty  men  dined  together  on  the  barn- 
floor.  The  old  barn  had  in  it  about  ten  tons  of  old 
hay.  The  new  barn  was  built  almost  entirely  by 
charity. 

"  Last  Sunday,  we  had  another  shower ;  the  light- 
ning burnt  Noah  Rice's  barn,  containing  much  hay. 
Obadiah  Morse's  barn,  with  forty  tons  of  hay,  was  set 
on  fire  by  the  lightning;  but  the  fire  was  extin- 
guished.3  The  same  day,  lightning  struck  in  many 
places  elsewhere.  Last  Monday,  our  people  were  all 
in  motion,  declaring  that  they  would  do  equal  to  what 
Warren  had  done.  Teams  driving  through  all  the 
town  with  timber  and  lumber  for  Capt.  Rice.  Wed- 
nesday, phoenix-like,  the  barn  began  to  rise  from  the 
ashes,  and  before  night  it  was  covered  with  boards.  It 
is  very  large,  and  makes  a  fine  appearance.  I  am  told 
it  contains  ten  tons  of  hay,  which  has  been  given  to 
Capt.  Rice. 

"  P.  S.  Aug.  9.  Alas  I  this  is  not  all.  Yesterday,  the 
lightning  visited  us  again,  and  burnt  a  barn  filled  with 
hay  for  Lemuel  Wentworth,^  struck  Christopher  New- 
bit's  house,^  and  killed  a  child  belonging  to  Jotham 
Davis. 

"  Within  four  weeks,  I  have  seen  three  large  barns 
with  much  hay  burnt  to  the  ground  by  lightning ;  and 
the  fire  in  another  barn  kindled  by  lightning  has  been 

^  Near  Union  line.  ^  In  Hope. 

'  Mr.  Morse  hastened  to  the  bam,  rolled  up  the  hay,  and  trod  on  it, 
and  thus  smothered  the  fire  ;  but  his  hands  were  badly  burnt. 


LIGHTNING.  1$ 

extinguished,  and  a  child  killed,  and  all  within  three 
miles  of  the  place  where  this  is  written. 

"  Lemuel  Wentworth  had  a  load  of  hay  on  his 
wagon  to  carry  to  Capt.  Rice,  when  his  barn  was 
burnt.  It  stood  in  the  old  barn ;  new  barn  burnt. 
Hay  unloaded." 

"  On  Sunday  morning,  May  25,  1823,  at  5  o'clock, 
a  chimney  in  the  dwelling-house  of  Jason  Ware  was 
struck  by  lightning.  The  chimney  and  house  were 
injured,  and  a  brick  was  removed  from  the  hearth. 
Mrs.  Ware  and  a  son,  though  sitting  one  in  each 
corner  of  the  fireplace,  were  not  hurt.  Mr.  Ware, 
being  in  the  act  of  placing  a  backlog,  was  struck  on 
the  head  with  the  fluid,  which  burnt  and  broke  the 
thick  woollen  coat  on  his  right  shoulder  and  arm, 
destroying  the  principal  part  of  the  sleeve  above  the 
elbow,  setting  on  fire  his  cotton  shirt,  burning  his  flan- 
nel waistcoat,  ripping  both  seams  in  the  leg  of  the 
boot,  and  breaking  and  burning  the  foot  of  it.  His 
hair  and  eyebrows  were  singed ;  and  the  injury,  which 
was  of  the  compound  nature  of  a  bruise  and  a  burn, 
extended  down  the  right  side  of  the  neck,  over  the 
shoulder  and  arm,  and  down  the  thigh,  leg,  and  foot 
[and  perforated  his  boot  near  the  heel].  He  fell  in- 
stantly, and  was  apparently  dead.  Cold  water  was 
thrown  into  his  face  [friction  was  resorted  to],  and  he 
exhibited  signs  of  life.  He  was  then  held  erect,  and 
cold  water  poured  upon  him  profusely.  Applications 
of  poultices,  and  subsequently  of  plasters,  were  made 
to  the  wounded  parts ;  and  shortly  the  skin,  which  to  a 
considerable  extent  was  entirely  dead  and  black,  was 
removed  in  large  pieces.  In  a  fortnight  he  was  able 
to  walk,  and  in  a  reasonable  time  recovered  a  comfort- 
able state  of  health,  though  not  so  good  as  before. 
The  shock  appeared  to  add  something  to  the  infirmi- 
ties of  age. 

"  The  same  stroke  of  lightning  tore  a  large  timber 
from  the  roof  of  the  barn  of  Matthias  Hawes,  about 
25  rods  distant ;  while  several  cattle  in  the  stall  below 
did  not  receive  any  injury.     Some  persons  said  they 


16  GEOGRAPHY. 

perceived,  both  at  the  house  and  the  barn,  a  strong 
smell  of  brimstone ;  others  compared  it  to  gunpow- 
der." ^ 

Aug.  25,  1840.  The  lightning  struck  the  store  of 
Henry  Fossett,  in  the  north-west  part  of  the  town. 
Robert  Rokes,  of  Appleton,  sitting  on  the  counter,  was 
killed.  On  a  bench  below  him,  which  was  placed 
along  against  the  counter,  sat,  on  one  side  of  him,  John 
Rokes,  of  Hope.  He  was  stunned,  and  so  injured  that 
he  did  not  recover  for  many  weeks.  On  the  same 
bench,  but  on  the  other  side  of  Robert  Rokes,  sat 
Jacob  Sibley,  leaning  forward.  He  was  stunned,  and 
carried  home  in  a  wagon.  His  burns  were  so  deep, 
that  he  did  not  become  even  tolerably  well  till  the  fol- 
lowing spring ;  and  the  state  of  his  physical  system,  and 
the  large  scars  and  ridges,  which  resemble  the  twists  in 
ropes,  make  it  obvious  that  the  effects  will  be  seriously 
felt  through  life.  Thomas  Fossett  and  Robert  Pease 
were  stunned,  and  slightly  injured,  but  shortly  reco- 
vered. Paul  Lincoln  was  stunned,  and  so  seriously 
injured,  that  for  some  time  his  Ufe  was  despaired  of; 
but  after  some  months  he  recovered.  Henry  Fossett, 
the  only  person  in  the  store  who  was  not  hurt,  and  but 
for  whose  escape  the  store  and  all  the  persons  in  it 
would  undoubtedly  have  been  burnt,  was  behind  the 
counter  at  the  time,  and  threw  out  the  cotton  batting 
which  had  been  ignited.  The  wounds  would  not  have 
been  so  deep,  if,  amid  the  confusion,  water  had  been 
thrown  upon  the  clothes,  which  continued  to  burn  for 
a  long  time  after  the  sufferers  were  struck  down. 

HEALTH  AND  LONGEVITY. 

"  People  never  die  in  Union  "  was  the  remark  of  a 
native  of  Thomaston ;  and  probably  there  are  not  many 
towns  in  Maine,  in  which  the  deaths  are  fewer  or  the 
sickness  less,  in  proportion  to  the  number  of  inhabi- 
tants. This,  however,  like  other  towns,  has  had  sea- 
sons of  extensive  mortality.     In  1792-3,  the  throat 

1  Dr.  J.  Sibley's  Letters. 


HEALTH  AND   LONGEVITY. 


17 


distemper,  as  it  was  commonly  called,  carried  off  a 
very  large  number  of  the  children,  and  spread  a  general 
mom-ning  through  the  small  population.  In  1826  the 
dysentery  was  very  prevalent  and  fatal. 

Consumption,  too,  has  called  off  one  after  another 
from  some  families,  till  but  very  few  members  remain 
to  mourn  over  the  departed.  In  such  cases,  it  is  not 
unnatural  for  those  who  are  fast  wasting  away,  eagerly 
to  adopt  any  suggestion  for  relief  from  the  destroyer. 
Accordingly,  in  1832  and  1833,  a  few  persons  put  in 
practice  the  proverb,  that  the  burning  of  the  lungs  of 
relatives  who  died  of  consumption  would  cure  that 
disease  in  the  living.  One  body  was  exhumed  several 
months  after  death,  and  the  vital  parts  were  burned 
near  the  grave,  which  was  in  the  Old  Burying  Ground. 
The  theory  seemed  to  be,  that  the  disease,  being  a 
family  disease,  would  thus  be  burned  out  or  extermi- 
nated. But  death  still  claimed  the  fair  and  the  beau- 
tiful as  his  own. 

Some  idea  of  the  general  healthfulness  of  the  place 
may  be  formed  from  the  following  memoranda  by  the 
Rev.  Mr.  True,  which  purport  to  notice  all  the  deaths 
in  town,  inclusive  of  infants,  for  the  several  years  to 
which  they  relate :  — 


1807 

11 

1813 

9 

1819 

6 

1825 

18 

1808 

5 

1814 

9 

1820 

6 

1826 

25 

1809 

7 

1815 

11 

1821 

8 

1827 

9 

1810 

6 

1816 

11 

1822 

13 

1828 

21 

1811 

10 

1817 

9 

1823 

17 

1829 

16 

1812 

7 

1818 

3 

1824 

16 

1830 

22 

When  the  census  was  taken  in  1830,  there  were  17 
males  and  16  females  above  70  years  of  age ;  and  in 
1840  there  were  15  males  and  24  females.  In  1835 
there  were  26  or  more  persons  who  were  as  much  as 
75  years  of  age.  It  is  thought  that  the  oldest  person 
who  has  died  in  town  was  the  widow  Abigail  Messer, 
probably  99. 

Without  attempting  an  analysis  of  the  causes  of 
the  healthfulness  of  the  place,  it  may  be  observed,  the 

2* 


18  GEOGRAPHY. 

water  is  in  general  uncommonly  pure.  The  relative 
position  of  the  hills  and  valleys  favors  a  brisk  circula- 
tion of  air  through  all  parts  of  the  town,  and  particu- 
larly in  the  direction  of  north  and  south.  Though  the 
elevations  are  not  mountainous,  there  is  comparatively 
little  low  ground ;  and  the  fog,  which  lies  in  the  valleys 
and  along  the  river  almost  every  morning  in  summer, 
whUe  it  favors  vegetation,  is  not  found  to  produce 
debility  or^  disease.  The  agricultural  employments  of 
the  inhabitants  are  highly  conducive  to  vigor  and 
strength.  Indolence  and  luxury  are  almost  unknown. 
Men,  women,  and  children  wear  the  hue  of  health. 
From  thirty  to  forty  years  ago,  it  was  a  common 
remark  of  strangers,  that  there  was  more  female  beauty 
in  Union  than  in  any  other  town  in  the  county  or 
State.  The  fresh  countenance,  the  clear  or  brilliant 
eye,  the  natural,  uncompressed  form,  were  testimonials 
to  the  generally  good  habits  and  customs  of  the  people, 
as  well  as  to  the  healthfulness  of  the  town. 

SCENERY. 

It  would  be  unjust  to  the  town  not  to  allude  to  its 
scenery.  By  some  visitors,  at  the  season  of  the  year 
when  the  earth  is  in  its  richest  attire,  it  is  said  to  be 
the  most  beautiful  which  they  have  ever  beheld.  HUls 
and  vaUeys,  ponds  and  streams,  the  romantic  and  the 
picturesque,  are  combined  in  the  prospects.  On  a 
bright  June  morning,  a  ride  in  almost  any  direction 
affords  a  rich  enjoyment  to  people  of  taste  and  ad- 
mirers of  nature.  One  person  might  be  pleased  to 
leave  the  beaten  road,  and  stroll  along  the  river  below 
the  bridge  at  South  Union,  and  watch  the  water  tum- 
bling over  and  among  the  rocks  overhung  with  bushes, 
and  threading  its  way  down  to  the  pond.  Another, 
of  a  more  pensive  turn,  might  stand  by  the  large  rock 
in  the  Old  Burying  Ground.  On  all  sides  are  graves. 
There  sleep  the  fathers  and  the  mothers  of  the  town, 
at  rest  from  worldly  anxiety,  suffering,  and  toil.  Around 
them  are  gathered  many  of  their  children  and  children's 
children.      On  the  east  lies  a  placid  lake.     To  the 


SCENERY.  19 

north-west  opens  a  bright,  sunny  landscape,  winning 
the  thoughts  away  from  the  clouds  and  storms  and 
melancholy  of  this  life,  and  directing  them  to  higher 
and  holier  scenes. 

For  a  broader  view,  ascend  the  summit  of  the  hill 
near  the  Common.  About  one  hundred  rods  north  of 
it  is  a  snug  house,  almost  hidden  by  trees  ;  and  beyond 
it,  for  a  long  distance,  the  ground  is  nearly  a  plain, 
but  varied  with  pleasing  undulations.  On  the  right, 
near  the  foot  of  the  hill,  glides  Seven  Brook ;  and  on 
the  left,  twenty  or  thirty  rods  distant,  is  St.  George's 
River.  Beyond  these,  and  circumscribing  them  from 
the  east  around  to  the  west,  the  rise  of  land  is  not 
unlike  an  elongated  amphitheatre.  On  this  extensive 
hillside  may  be  seen  farms  above  farms,  covered  with 
cattle  and  sheep,  and  dotted  over  with  houses  and 
barns.  The  rows  of  corn  and  potatoes,  two  or  three 
miles  distant,  are  so  regular  that  with  a  good  eye  it 
seems  as  if  they  may  be  counted.  Flitting  clouds 
throw  their  racing  shadows,  and  wave  chases  wave, 
over  the  surface  of  the  bending  fields  of  grain. 

Immediately  at  the  foot  of  the  hill  on  the  south  is 
the  green  Common,  surrounded  with  neatly  painted 
houses  and  shops,  which  extend  to  the  west  till  they 
meet  the  mills  carried  by  the  St.  George's.  On  the 
rise  of  land  150  or  200  rods  distant  in  the  south-south- 
west, the  back  part  of  the  Old  Burying  Ground  juts 
out  from  behind  a  hill,  and  exposes  to  view  the  mar- 
ble gravestones  which  have  been  placed  there  by  the 
hands  of  friendship  and  affection.  A  little  to  the  east 
of  south  lies  Seven-tree  Pond,  so  clear  that  in  it  may 
be  seen  mirrored,  two  or  three  miles  distant,  the  trees 
and  fields  on  its  southern  banks.  And  east  of  this 
pond  is  a  moderate  swell  of  land  intersected  by  Craw- 
ford's River,  which  drives  the  spindles,  the  shuttles, 
the  hammers,  and  the  saws  of  the  busy  little  village  of 
South  Union. 

There  are  still  broader  views.  Barrett's  Hill  to  the 
north-east,  and  the  swell  of  land  on  the  west,  com- 
mand extensive  prospects  of  Kennebec  County;  and. 


-^M;!*- 


20  GEOGRAPHY. 

in  very  clear  weather,  a  glimpse  of  the  White  Hills  of 
New  Hampshire,  about  one  hundred  miles  distant.  In 
the  south-east  part  of  the  town  is  Mount  Pleasant,  the 
highest  of  the  eminences,  known  to  all  seamen  on 
the  coast,  for  nearly  three  hundred  years,  as  the  Pe- 
nobscot or  Camden  Hills.  From  its  summit,  a  short 
distance  beyond  the  town-line,  may  be  seen  below,  as 
on  a  map,  a  great  part  of  Penobscot  Bay  with  as 
many  islands  as  there  are  days  in  the  year ;  and  far  to 
the  east  the  apparently  unbounded  Atlantic  Ocean. 
How  often,  before  a  European  had  removed  trees  for 
the  first  buUding-spot  in  the  vast  wilderness  of  New 
England,  was  this  summit  welcomed  by  Smith,^  Pop- 

^  In  1603,  Martin  Pring,  according  to  "Purchas  his  Pilgrimes," 
iv.  1654,  "  fell  in  with  a  multitude  of  small  Hands,  in  the  latitude  of 

43  degrees,  the of  June,  which  Hands  were  found  very  pleasant 

to  behold.  Here  we  found  an  excellent  fishing  for  Cods.  .  .  .  We 
sayled  to  the  South-west  end  of  these  Hands,  and  there  rode  with  our 
ships  vnder  one  of  the  greatest.  One  of. them  we  named  Foxe  Hand, 
because  we  found  those  kind  of  beasts  thereon.  So  passing  through 
the  rest  with  our  Boates  to  the  mayne  Land,  which  lieth  for  a  good 
space  North-east  and  South-west,  we  found  very  safe  riding  among 
them  in  sixe,  seven,  eight,  ten,  and  twelve  fathomes.  At  length,  com- 
ming  to  the  Mayne  in  the  latitude  of  43  degrees  and  an  halfe,  we 
ranged  the  same  to  the  South-west." 

In  1604,  Champlain  was  for  some  time  among  the  islands ;  and,  in 
September,  went  up  the  Penobscot  River  twenty-five  leagues  to  a 
small  stream,  not  far  above  which  were  falls.  He  speaks  of  Cape 
Bedabedec,  which,  according  to  Jeffery's  Atlas,  is  Owl's  Head.  He 
was  probably  the  first  white  man  who  explored  the  river.  He  gives 
minute  directions  for  entering  it.  The  edition  of  his  voyages  published 
by  Jean  Berjon  at  Paris,  in  1613,  of  which  there  is  a  copy  in  the 
library  of  Harvard  University,  contains  many  passages  omitted  in 
later  editions. 

Rosier,  in  Wejnnouth's  Voyage,  already  alluded  to  on  page  2,  states, 
that  from  *'  S.  George's  Hand  we  might  discern  the  main  land  from 
the  west-south-west  to  the  east-north-east,  and  a  great  way  (as  it  then 
seemed,  and  we  after  found  it)  up  into  the  main  we  might  discern 
very  high  mountains,  though  the  main  seemed  but  low  land,"  &c. 
Williamson,  History  of  Maine,  i.  193,  states  that  the  place  where 
they  went  ashore  and  amused  themselves  in  hunting,  June  12,  1605, 
was  Penobscot,  now  Camden,  Hills. 

The  Strachey  MS.  in  the  details  of  the  voyage  of  the  Popham  party 
to  Sagadahock,  in  1707,  states,  "there  be  three  high  mountaynos  that 
lie  in  on  the  Land,  the  Land  called  Segohquet,  neere  about  the  River 
of  Penobscot,"  and  gives  drawings  of  their  appearance  from  different 
points  of  view. 

In  1614,  Capt.  John  Smith,  whose  history,  in  connection  with 


^  \  B  R  A  A? 

O-"   THF. 

i   UNiv&Rsny  ) 

SCENERY,   1^;-<P.^-^^  21 

ham,  Weymouth,  Champlain,  Pring,  and  the  seamen, 
who,  for  half  a  century  or  more  before  them,  sailed 
along  the  coast  to  fish  and  to  trade  with  the  Indians ! 
How  many  thoughts  crowd  the  mind  respecting  those 
times,  and  the  changes  which  have  since  taken  place ! 
Though  no  thrilling  events,  to  command  the  attention 
of  the  general  reader,  have  ever  occurred  in  the  town, 
there  are  around  it  associations  with  olden  time,  which 
give  additional  interest  to  scenery  which  it  would  re- 
quire a  poet  and  a  painter  properly  to  describe. 

Pocahontas,  is  familiar  to  every  school- child,  spent  several  months 
exploring  the  coast  in  an  open  boat  with  eight  men.  In  1616,  he 
published  his  Description  of  New  England,  accompanied  with  a 
map.  On  page  24,  he  says,  "  North-west  of  Penobscot,"  meaning 
only  Penobscot  Bay,  •'  is  Mecaddacut,  at  the  foot  of  a  high  mountain, 
a  kind  of  fortresse  against  the  Tarrantines,  adjoining  to  the  high 
mountaines  of  Pennobscof,  against  whose  feet  doth  beat  the  Sea:  But 
over  all  the  Land,  lies,  or  other  impediments,  you  may  well  see  them 
sixteen  or  eighteen  leagues  from  their  situation.  Segocket  is  the  next : 
then  Nuscongus,  Pemmaquid,"  &c.  Mecaddacut,  on  Smith's  map,  is 
called  Dunbarton  or  Dunbarte.  From  its  situation  at  the  south  of 
the  range  of  hills  and  east-north-east  of  one  or  two  other  eminences, 
it  is  not  improbable  that  Smith  meant  to  locate  the  Indian  village  at 
Camden,  on  the  Megunticook,  or  perhaps  a  little  further  south.  Indian 
territories  were  not  distinctly  bounded.  Bedabedec  may  have  desig- 
nated the  coast,  and  included  the  Penobscot  Hills  and  Owl's  Head. 
When  it  is  considered  that  Indians,  giving  to  the  consonants  a  soft  or 
obscure  sound,  do  not  enunciate  them  distinctly,  that  Smith  gives  the 
name  as  it  sounded  to  his  English  ears,  and  Champlain  as  it  sounded 
to  the  French,  it  is  not  improbable  that  Bedabedec  and  Medambattec 
and  Mecaddacut  are  meant  to  represent  the  same  Indian  word. 

It  is  somewhat  remarkable  that  the  accounts  of  the  early  explora- 
tions of  the  coast  of  Maine  have  not  been  more  carefully  examined. 
Many  of  the  harbors,  headlands,  and  islands,  as  laid  down  on  Smith's 
map,  are  easily  identified,  by  recurring  to  page  205  of  his  '*  Generall 
Historic  of  Virginia,  New  England,"  &c.  published  in  1626,  where  the 
Indian  names  stand  side  by  side  with  the  English  names  given  by 
Charles  the  First,  while  Prince  Charles.  Smith  was  here  in  the  sum- 
mer. He  speaks  with  enthusiasm  of  the  country.  In  1616  he  pub- 
lished his  book  and  his  map,  for  the  purpose  of  prevailing  on  people 
in  England  to  form  a  colony.  If  his  project  had  been  carried  out 
successfully,  some  spot  in  this  vicinity,  and  not  Plymouth,  would 
have  been  chronicled  as  the  birthplace  of  New  England.  The  set- 
tlers, however,  would  have  been  adventurers  in  quest  of  pelf,  rather 
than  the  sturdy  pilgrims  who  fled  from  persecution  to  enjoy  religious 
liberty.  They  probably  would  not  have  given  the  Pilgrim-leaven  to 
the  character  of  New  England,  and  more  or  less  to  that  of  the  whole 
world.  And  it  may  therefore  be  considered  fortunate,  perhaps,  that 
his  plan  did  not  succeed. 


22  ANTE-PLANTATION  HISTORY. 

CHAPTER    11. 

ANTE-PLANTATION   HISTORY. 


Muscongus  or  "Waldo  Patent.  —  Disputed  Territory.  —  St.  George's 
River  proposed  as  a  Boundary.  —  Indians.  —  Hart's  and  Boggs's 
Escape  from  them.  —  Dicke  and  the  Comet. 

MUSCONGUS  OR  WALDO  PATENT. 

Union  was  part  of  the  tract  of  land  called  the  Muscon- 
gus Patent,  which  was  a  grant  made  March  2,  16||^, 
by  the  Plymouth  Council  to  John  Beauchamp,  of  Lon- 
don ;  and  Thomas  Leverett,  then  of  Boston  in  Eng- 
land, and  subsequently  of  Boston  in  New  England. 
Afterwards  this  tract  was  called  the  Waldo  Patent. 

DISPUTED  TERRITORY. 

Union  is  in  the  territory  over  which,  for  more  than  a 
century,  the  French  and  the  English  alternately  claimed 
jurisdiction ;  and,  if  there  had  been  any  inhabitants, 
they  would  have  been  constantly  harassed  by  the  con- 
flicting parties  and  by  the  Indians.  The  changes  of 
the  governments,  and  the  quarrels  and  hostilities  con- 
nected therewith,  do  not  claim  special  notice,  as  the 
beginning  of  a  settlement  on  the  soil  of  this  town  had 
not  then  been  made. 

ST.  GEORGE'S  RIVER  PROPOSED  AS  A  BOUNDARY. 

In  1711  or  1712,  it  was  proposed  to  make  St. 
George's  River  the  boundary  between  the  English  and 
the  French.^    K  this  had  been  effected,  the  inhabitants 

^  Memoires  des  Commissaires  du  Roi  et  de  Ceux  de  sa  Majeste 
Britannique,  sur  les  Possessions  et  les  Droits  rcspectifs  des  deux  Cou- 
ronnes  en  Amerique,  ii.  382,  4to,  Paris,  1755.  Memorials  of  the 
English  and  French  Commissaries  concerning  the  Limits  of  Nova 
Scotia  or  Acadia,  i.  420-5,  4to,  Lond.  1755.  Remarks  on  the  French 
Memorials  concerning  the  Limits  of  Acadia,  p.  58,  8vo,  Lond.  1756. 
Histoire  et  Description  Gencrale  de  la  Nouvelle  France,  &c.  par  le 


INDIANS.  23 

on  the  west  side  of  the  river  might  now  have  been 
subject  to  the  President  of  the  United  States,  and  part 
have  been  doing  homage  to  the  Queen  of  England. 
On  the  one  side  of  the  river  the  fugitive  slave  would 
be  liable  to  be  returned  to  his  master,  whUe  on  the 
other  he  would  be  as  secure  as  in  Canada. 

INDIANS. 
There  is  no  evidence  that  this  was  a  place  much 
resorted  to  by  Indians,  though  the  Wawenocks^  inha- 
bited the  country  from  Sagadahock  to  St.  George's 
River.  It  is  obvious,  however,  that  they  were  here  oc- 
casionally. It  is  said  that  during  the  French  war 
several  lived  along  Crawford's  River,  and  between 
Seven-tree  Pond  and  Round  Pond,  near  the  latter. 
Stone  hatchets,  chisels,  and  other  Indian  implements, 
have  been  found  near  the  Upper  Bridge,  in  the  vicinity 
of  which  was  a  good  place  for  fishing  at  the  waterfall. 
About  half-way  between  Nye's  Corner  and  Sunnybec 
Pond,  very  near  the  spot  where  the  school-house  now 
stands,  two  Indian  skeletons  were  ploughed  up  in 
repairing  the  road  some  twenty-five  years  since. 
Hatches,  arrow-heads,  &c.  were  found  by  the  early 
settlers  near  the  mouth  of  Crawford's  River.  A  brass 
kettle,  as  large  as  a  pail,  was  also  found  there.     At  the 

P.  De  Charlevoix,  ii.  236,  4to,  Paris,  1744.  [Jeffery's]  Conduct  of 
the  French  with  Regard  to  Nova  Scotia,  p.  39,  8vo,  Lond.  1754. 

In  this  connection  may  be  inserted  an  extract  from  a  letter  of  the 
historian,  William  Gordon,  to  Arthur  Lee,  then  in  Congress.  It  is 
dated  at  Jamaica  Plain,  in  Roxbury,  Massachusetts,  April  2,  1783. 
It  is  among  the  manuscripts  of  Arthur  Lee,  in  the  library  of  Harvard 
University  :  — 

♦'  What  may  have  been  sent  you  from  France,  I  know  not ;  but 
you  may  depend  upon  the  following  information. 

••The  British  would  not  allow  the  boundaries  of  Nova  Scotia  to 
terminate  at  St.  Croix,  but  demanded  Kennebec  at  first,  and  after- 
wards insisted  upon  Penobscot  as  their  ultimatum,  until  Mr.  Adams 
produced  the  records  of  the  Massachusetts,  and  the  authorities  of 
Shirley,  Pownal,  Bernard,  and  Hutchinson,  as  well  as  the  original 
grant  of  Nova  Scotia  by  James  the  First  to  Sir  William  Alexander, 
and  invited  the  British  minister  to  state  a  written  claim  of  Kennebec 
or  Penobscot  as  the  boundary  of  Nova  Scotia,  that  it  might  be 
answered  in  writing,  which  brought  him  to  reason." 
^  Williamson's  Maine,  i.  468. 


24  ANTE-PLANTATION  HISTORY. 

present  day,  various  Indian  implements  are  occasion- 
ally turned  up  by  the  plough  on  the  farm  of  Joseph 
Gleason.  There  are  holes  on  the  Robbins  Neck,  near 
the  outlet  of  Round  Pond,  and  on  the  ridge  near  the 
head  of  Seven-tree  Pond  on  its  east  side,  and  in  other 
places.  By  some  it  is  conjectured  that  Indians  dug 
them  for  the  purpose  of  burying  their  provisions,  and 
by  others  for  concealing,  as  far  as  practicable,  fires 
which  might  be  wanted  for  cooking  or  for  comfort. 
Another  supposition  is  that  they  are  Indian  cellars. 

In  the  archives  of  the  State  of  Massachusetts  ^  is  a 
journal  of  a  scouting  party,  which  may  contain  an 
allusion  to  the  place  when  a  wilderness.  It  has  been 
suggested  that  it  was  probably  the  journal  of  Capt. 
Matthias  Remely.^  «  Oct.  13, 1757, 1  went  out  myself 
to  a  place  called  Sterling,^  which  is  about  nineteen 
miles  up  the  river,  divided  my  men  into  small  scouts ; 
some  went  up  the  river  sundry  miles,  others  towards 
the  back  of  Broad  Bay." 

David  Dicke,  of  Warren,  says  that  an  Indian  was 

»  MS.  vol.  38,  A,  p.  297. 

'  For  this  suggestion,  and  for  important  information,  the  reader  is 
indebted  to  Cyrus  Eaton,  Esq.  of  Warren ;  who,  though  laboring 
'  under  the  misfortune  which  called  forth  one  of  the  most  admirable 
apostrophes  of  Milton,  has  made  a  valuable  collection  of  materials, 
which,  by  the  assistance  of  a  dutiful  daughter  in  delicate  health,  have 
been  put  together  so  as  to  make  an  important  work  respecting  the 
settlements  on  St.  George's  River,  and  particularly  respecting  the  town 
of  Warren. 

In  the  American  Quarterly  Register,  xiii.  162,  is  an  account  of 
Lutherans  in  Waldoborough.  There  are  sketches  of  some  of  the 
towns  in  Maine  in  different  "  Historical  Collections."  There  are  no 
town  histories  which  make  separate  volumes  but  the  following  :  — 
WiUiam  White's  History  of  Belfast,  12mo ;  Belfast,  1827,  pp.  120. 
George  Folsom's  History  of  Saco  and  Biddeford,  12mo  ;  Saco,  1830, 
pp.  331.  William  Willis's  History  of  Portland,  2  vols.  8vo;  Port- 
land, 1831  and  1833,  pp.  243,  355.  Jonathan  D.  Weston's  History  of 
Eastport  and  Vicinity,  8vo ;  Boston,  1834,  pp.  61.  Charles  Brad- 
bury's History  of  Kennebunk  Port,  12mo ;  Kennebunk,  1837,  pp.  301. 
Thomas  Parker's  History  of  Farmington,  8vo ;  Farmington,  1846, 
pp.  136.  William  Allen's  History  of  Norridgewock,  12mo ;  Nor- 
ridgewock,  1849,  pp.  252.  J.  W.  Hanson's  History  of  Norridgewock 
and  Canaan,  12mo;  Boston,  1849,  pp.  372. 

'  The  Sterling  here  alluded  to  was  part  of  Warren. 


INDIANS.  26 

buried  on  Seven-tree  Island,  some  time  before  the  set- 
tlement of  the  town ;  and  because  earth  was  scarce,  or 
because  he  was  an  Indian  of  consequence,  a  mound 
or  pile  of  stones,  chiefly  flat,  was  placed  over  the 
remains.  The  stones,  he  adds,  were  carried  away,  and 
used  at  South  Union,  in  building  a  chimney  or  an  oven, 
which  was  put  up,  either  by  the  first  or  the  second 
party  of  settlers,  for  the  purpose  of  cooking.  Phinehas 
Butler,  of  Thomaston,  has  no  recollection  of  it,  and 
thinks  it  certainly  could  not  have  been  so. 

Not  any  Indians  were  living  here  when  the  first  set- 
tlers came.  They  often  visited  the  town  afterwards, 
"  hunted  along  almost  every  year,"  and  were  on  friendly 
terms  with  the  inhabitants.  "  The  white  children  and 
the  pappooses  slid  down  hill  and  played  together  like 
school  children."  ^  The  Indians  sometimes  solicited  the 
whites  to  accompany  them  in  hunting.  Once,  Philip 
Robbins  went,  in  accordance  with  an  Indian's  request ; 
and  they  killed  two  old  bears  and  either  one  or  two 
cubs,  which  they  found  under  the  root  of  a  tree  that 
had  been  blown  down.  In  the  year  1777,  a  company 
of  six  encamped  between  Philip  Robbins' s  and  the 
river.  "  One  of  the  Indians  punished  his  child  for  steal- 
ing (or  carrying  off"  from  about  the  house  where  he  had 
found  it)  the  broken  bowl  of  an  iron  spoon."  ^  Samuel 
Boggs  had  been  to  Sunnybec  to  make  tree-nails,  and 
there  his  mare  died  in  foaling.  The  Indians  were  ex- 
ceedingly straitened  for  food,  and  called  the  flesh  very 
good  moose-beef.3  They  also  brought  away  some  of 
the  foal,  and  it  was  all  the  food  they  had  when  they 
came. 

During  one  winter,  some  Indian  families  were  en- 
camped near  the  head  of  Seven-tree  Pond ;  and  during 
another  there  were  several  near  the  brook  between 
Jessa  Robbins  and  Moses  Hawes.  None,  however, 
resided  a  long  time  in  the  town. 

*  Mrs.  Dunton.        «  H.  True,  M.D.        «  Jessa  Robbins. 


26  ANTE-PLANTATION  HISTORY. 

HART'S  AND  BOGGS'S  ESCAPE. 

There  is  a  story  that  Stephen  Hart,  uncle  of  William 
Hart,  when  stationed  at  the  fort  in  Thomaston,  was  in 
a  float  with  Samuel  Boggs,  trapping  in  Crawford's 
Pond.  They  discovered  Indians  on  Miller's  Rocky 
Point  at  the  north  end  of  the  Pond,  and  immediately 
directed  their  course  homeward.  The  Indians,  suppos- 
ing they  would  naturally  go  down  the  St.  George's, 
ran  to  intercept  them  on  their  way  to  Seven-tree  Pond. 
The  hunters,  anticipating  this  movement,  instead  of 
taking  the  route,  hastened  towards  the  south  end 
of  Crawford's  Pond.  As  they  passed  the  point  at  the 
extremity  of  the  island,  they  saw  seven  Indians  on 
the  western  shore.  They  plied  their  paddles  with  in- 
creased vigor.  Having  thrown  their  traps  overboard, 
they  landed  on  the  south  shore,  and,  with  the  adroit- 
ness of  hunters,  fled  towards  their  home.  The  Indians, 
having  discovered  their  mistake,  pursued  them.  The 
parties  crossed  each  other's  tracks  two  or  three  times. 
Hart  and  his  companion,  however,  succeeded  in  getting 
safely  into  the  fort,  though  they  were  fired  upon  just 
before  they  arrived  there.  This  adventure  may  have 
occurred  in  the  Old  French  or  Seven  Years'  War ;  or 
it  may  have  been  later,  as  the  Indians  were  jealous  of 
the  white  hunters,  and  sometimes  disposed,  even  in 
peace,  to  wreak  vengeance  on  them  as  intruders.^ 

DICKE'   AND    THE    COMET. 

The  only  other  incident,  known  to  have  occurred 
here  before  the  settlement  by  the  whites,  was  commu- 
nicated in  the  following  words :  "  In  1769,  William 
Dicke  went  up  to  Union  alone  to  hunt  for  beaver. 
Night  and  storm  coming  on,  he  landed  on  Seven-tree 
Island,  sheltered  himself  from  the  rain  beneath  his 
inverted  float,  and  slept  till  the  tempest  abated  and  the 
clouds  broke  away.  Then,  looking  out,  he  beheld  for 
the  first  time  the  comet  of  that  year,  with  its  long, 
fiery,  fan-shaped  train,   glaring  in  aU   its   sublimity. 

^  Fisher  Hart  and  John  F.  Hart. 


FIRST   COMERS.  27 

Being  but  seventeen  years  of  age,  quite  illiterate,  and 
wholly  ignorant  of  the  cause  or  even  the  existence  of 
such  phenomena,  we  may  well  imagine  the  surprise 
and  terror  it  gave  him:  Being  told  it  was  a  sign  of 
war,  and  finding  it  verified  by  the  revolutionary  con- 
test, he  became  unalterably  fixed  in  the  belief;  and, 
when  a  similar  one  appeared  in  1811,  he  confidently 
and  successfully  predicted  the  war  with  Great  Britain, 
which  followed  the  next  year." 


CHAPTEE    III. 

PLANTATION    HISTORY,   1772—1775. 

1772,  1773,  First  Settlers.— The  Anderson  Party.  — 1774,  Plan  of 
Anderson's  Lot.  —  Purchase  of  the  Township  by  Dr.  John  Tay- 
lor ;  his  Arrival  with  the  Butlers  and  others.  —  First  Public  Act 
of  Devotion.  —  Frightened  Moose.  —  Occupation  of  the  Anderson 
Camp.  —  Clearing  commenced.  —  High  Words  with  the  Ander- 
son Party.  —  Taylor's  Return  to  Massachusetts.  —  Deed  to  Tay- 
lor.—  1775,  Taylor  in  Congress.  —  Butlers  again  at  Work. — 
First  Rye  sowed.  —  Butlers  go  West.  —  Taylor  comes  back  and 
labors.  —  Butlers  return  :  are  hired  out  to  Benjamin  Packard. — 
Packard's  Log-house.  —  Timber  for  Taylor's  Buildings.  —  Priva- 
tions. —  Butler  and  the  Bear. 

1772,  1773. 

The  first  white  people  who  located  themselves  in 
town,  probably  came  in  September  or  October,  1772. 
Archibald  Anderson  and  James  Anderson,  from  the 
part  of  Warren  called  Stirling ;  ^  James  Malcom,  from 

^  The  name  is  derived  from  the  Stirling  in  Scotland,  from  which 
the  settlers  originated.  Although  the  records  commonly  spell  Ster- 
ling, Sterlington,  and  Sterlingtown,  with  an  e,  it  is  evidently  vvTong, 
as  the  place  in  Scotland  is  spelt  with  an  i.  Lord  Stirling,  a  general 
in  the  American  army  in  the  Revolution,  who  made  claim  to  the  earl- 
dom of  Stirling  (which  he  was  believed  to  have  legally  established, 
but  against  which  the  House  of  Lords  decided),  spelled  his  name 
in  the  same  way.     See  Sedgwick's  Life  of  William  Livingston,  214, 


28  PLANTATION  HISTORY. 

Gushing;  and  John  Crawford,  jun.  from  the  upper 
part  of  Warren  Village,  ascended  St.  George's  River, 
to  "  take  up  "  land.  All  of  them  were  natives  of  Scot- 
land, and  came  to  this  country  in  childhood  with  the 
Stirling  colony  which  settled  in  Warren.  In  their 
hunting  and  lumbering  excursions,  they  had  undoubt- 
edly become  well  acquainted  with  the  value  of  the 
lumber  and  the  nature  of  the  soil.  On  a  knoll  eight 
or  ten  rods  from  Seven-tree  Pond,  about  forty  rods 
west  of  the  ledge  in  Joseph  Gleason's  field,  and  thirty 
rods  north  of  the  outlet  of  Crawford's  River,  from 
which  the  knoll  was  then  separated  by  low,  wet 
ground,  they  built  a  camp,  the  cellar  belonging  to 
which  has  been  recently  filled.  On  the  top  of  the 
camp  were  a  few  boards  which  they  brought  from 
Warren.  Here  James  Malcom  and  Archibald  Ander- 
son intended  to  reside.  James  Anderson  and  John 
Crawford,  jun.  took  possession  of  the  Robbins  Neck, 
and  ran  a  possession-fence  from  the  head  of  Seven- 
tree  Pond  to  the  St.  George's,  a  short  distance  below 
Bachelor's  Mills.  The  four  residents  lived  together  in 
the  camp.^ 

1774. 

There  seems  to  have  been  some  understanding 
between  these  men  and  Thomas  Flucker,  who  repre- 
sented the  Waldo  heirs,  that  they  should  become 
owners  of  the  Mill  Farm  on  Crawford's  River.  The 
Mill  Farm  was  surveyed,  and  on  the  plan  it  is  called 
"  Mr.  Archibald  Anderson's  Lot."  The  description 
which  is  written  on  the  plan  contains  names  supposed 
by  some  to  have  been  of  later  origin.  It  is  probably 
the  oldest  document  in  existence,  of  which  it  can  be 
said  there  is  no  doubt  that  it  has  particular  reference 
to  this  town. 

and  Sparks's  Writings  of  Washington,  iii.  235.  It  may  be  added, 
that  the  claim  was  confirmed  to  the  Stirling  family  about  the  year 
1833.  Before  Union  was  incorporated,  it  was  called  Taylortown  as 
often  as  Stirlington. 

>  David  Dicke,  of  Warren. 


TAYLOR'S  PURCHASE.  29 

"Lincoln,  ss.  St.  George's  River,  May  13th,  1774. — 
Then  surveyed  this  lot  of  land  for  Mr.  Archibald  Anderson, 
at  a  place  called  Seven-tree  Pond,  on  St.  George's  River, 
without  the  bounds  of  any  town  ;  but  in  the  county  of  Lin- 
coln and  province  of  the  Massachusetts  Bay  in  New  Eng- 
land ;  beginning  at  a  white  oak-tree  standing  on  the  eastern 
side  of  said  Seven-tree  Pond,  said  tree  marked  on  four  sides  ; 
and  from  thence  running  east  two  hundred  and  twenty 
poles  to  a  red  oak-tree  marked  on  four  sides  ;  and  thence 
running  south  two  hundred  poles  to  a  stake  and  heap  of 
stones  standing  on  the  west  side  of  Crawford's  Great  Pond, 
said  stake  is  marked  on  four  sides ;  and  then  running  west 
one  hundred  and  eighty  poles  to  an  elm-tree  standing  on 
the  east  side  of  said  Seven-tree  Pond,  said  tree  is  marked 
on  four  sides ;  then  running  northerly  by  the  side  of  said 
pond,  as  the  shore  layeth  to  the  bounds  first  mentioned ;  to 
contain  two  hundred  and  twenty-four  acres  and  one  hundred 
square  poles,  as  appears  by  this  actual  survey  taken  by  me, 
Nathaniel  Mesarvy,  sworn  surveyor  of  lands." 

The  plan,  which  is  not  very  exact,  is  on  a  scale  of 
forty  poles  to  one  inch.  From  the  appearance  of  Seven- 
tree  Pond,  the  survey  seems  to  have  been  made  when 
the  low  ground  on  its  borders  was  covered  with  water 
and  frozen  over.  The  south  line  of  the  mill-lot  crosses 
Crawford's  River  from  west  to  east  near  the  falls,  per- 
haps a  very  little  south  of  them  ;  the  north  line  appears 
to  coincide  nearly  with  the  south  line  of  John  F.  Hart's 
land.  The  Mill  Farm,  or  mill-lot,  included  the  farms 
now  owned  by  Messrs.  Vaughan,  M?.Guier,  Daniels, 
and  Alden,  on  the  south  side  of  Crawford's  River,  and 
on  the  north  side  all  to  John  F.  Hart's  southern  line. 

Li  the  spring  of  1774,  when  this  survey  purports  to 
have  been  made.  Dr.  John  Taylor,  of  Lunenburg, 
Mass.  entered  into  a  negotiation  with  Flucker,  for  the 
entire  gore  of  unappropriated  land,  of  very  irregular 
shape,  which  lay  between  the  lands  belonging  to  the 
"  Twenty  Associates,  called  the  Lincolnshire  Com- 
pany," and  the  towns  of  Waldoborough,  Warren,  and 
Camden.  Taylor  raised  the  objection  of  pre-occu- 
pancy  by  the  Anderson  party.  Flucker  is  said  to  have 
replied,  that  they  had  not  fulfilled  their  agreement; 
3* 


30  PLANTATION  HISTORY. 

they  had  been  cutting  lumber  and  making  staves,  but 
had  not  paid  any  thing,  nor  done  any  thing  towards 
clearing  the  land  or  introducing  settlers.  In  their  jus- 
tification, it  has  been  said  they  did  not  then  know  it 
was  practicable  to  get  a  crop  of  rye  or  Indian  corn 
from  burnt  ground.  Flucker  agreed  to  protect  Tay- 
lor from  harm;  and  the  bargain  was  concluded,  as 
some  of  the  aged  inhabitants  say,  for  about  ninepence 
an  acre.  Dr.  Taylor  soon  sailed  to  Sheepscot,  with 
one  Capt.  Decker,  in  a  slaver  so  filthy  that  the  smell 
was  almost  intolerable,  as  it  had  just  returned  from 
a  voyage  for  negroes.  He  was  accompanied  by  John 
Butler  and  Phinehas  Butler,^  two  young  men  who 
were  bound  out  to  him  till  they  should  be  twenty- 
one  years  of  age.  For  their  services  they  were  to 
receive  one  every-day  suit  and  one  handsome  suit  of 
clothes,  and  one  hundred  acres  of  the  land  which  Tay- 
lor had  purchased.  Besides  these,  were  Thomas 
Wright,  from  Lunenburg,  Samuel  Searles,  and  Ste- 
phen Wyman.  According  to  an  agreement  of  Decker 
with  the  captain  of  a  fiishing-schooner,  the  party  was 
carried  to  the  St.  George's,  and  landed  at  the  Lower 
Rips,  or  Miller's  Landing,  on  Saturday,  July  16,  1774. 
John  M^ntyre,  who  kept  a  ferry,  sold  a  ferry-boat  to 
Dr.  Taylor.  On  Monday,  the  boat,  baggage,  provi- 
sions, axes,  agricultural  implements,  &c.  were  carried 
across  the  neck  from  Boggs's  Landing  to  the  river 
above  Starrett's  Bridge.  The  company  rowed  up  the 
St.  George's.  They  landed  near  the  mouth  of  Craw- 
ford's River,  on  the  north  side  of  it,  expecting  to  find 
and  occupy  the  Anderson  camp.  But,  as  it  was  sim- 
set,  and  too  late  to  search  for  it  in  a  wilderness  where 
they  were  all  strangers,  the  boat  was  drawn  up  with  a 
view  to  their  camping  down  where  they  were.  Dr. 
Taylor  then  said  to  his  companions,  that,  as  they  had 
been  wonderfully  preserved  by  a  kind  Providence 
during  their  voyage  and  journey,  they  ought  to  return 

'  Phinehas  Butler,  of  Thomaston,  who  furnished  a  great  part  of  the 
information  in  this  chapter. 


31 

thanks  for  the  protection  of  Heaven.  Accordingly,  he 
stood  up  by  a  majestic  tree  in  this  wilderness,  and 
began  his  devotions.  Suddenly,  the  party  was  started 
by  the  rustling  of  leaves  and  crackling  of  limbs.  Their 
excitement  was  not  diminished  either  by  the  awful 
stillness  and  solitude  of  the  place,  or  by  the  darkness 
which  was  fast  gathering  around  them.  The  doctor 
paused.  Every  one  looked  eagerly  for  the  cause  of  th6 
noise.  Their  fears,  however,  were  soon  quieted.  There 
came  rushing  by  them  a  frightened  moose.  The  doctor 
resumed  and  finished  the  prayer.  This  was  probably 
the  first  public  act  of  devotion  ever  performed  by  a 
white  man  within  the  limits  of  the  town.  Such  were 
the  peculiar  circumstances  and  the  spirit  in  which  the 
pioneers  began  the  arduous  work  of  settling  Union.  The 
serious  and  the  ludicrous  were  comically  combined. 

Dr.  Taylor  and  his  companions  passed  the  night  in 
the  open  air.  Early  the  next  morning,  they  discovered 
the  camp  within  a  very  few  rods  of  their  resting-place. 
They  took  possession  of  it.  It  was  the  only  shelter 
they  had  during  the  season.  The  same  day,  Tuesday, 
July  19,  they  began  to  cut  down  trees  near  the  ledge 
in  Joseph  Gleason's  field.  Accordingly,  this  may  be 
regarded  as  the  day  on  which  the  first  blow  was  struck 
with  a  view  to  a  settlement  of  the  town.  As  the  per- 
sons who  came  previously  did  not  make  a  permanent 
establishment,  this  is  the  day  which  should  be  kept  in 
remembrance  for  centennial  celebrations. 

Before  a  week  elapsed,  the  Anderson  party  came 
and  claimed  the  place.  High  words  passed  between 
them  and  Taylor.  The  doctor  told  them  he  had 
bought  the  land,  and  should  at  all  events  make  a  set- 
tlement on  the  mill-lot,  where  he  then  was  ;  but  that 
each  of  them  might  have  a  hundred-acre  lot  in  any 
other  part  of  his  purchase.  They  indignantly  rejected 
the  offer,  and  went  off. 

Dr.  Taylor's  party  continued  to  labor  through  the 
season.  They  felled  the  trees  on  several  acres,  princi- 
pally on  the  north  side  of  the  river,  beginning  at 
Seven-tree    Pond,  and  working  towards   Crawford's 


32  PLANTATION  HISTORY. 

Pond.  In  the  fall  they  went  away.  Taylor  hired  out 
John  Butler  and  Phinehas  Butler  in  Thomaston, 
where  they  passed  the  winter.  Upon  going  to  Massa- 
chusetts, Taylor  got  the  following  deed^  executed: 

"Know  all  men  by  these  presents,  that  we,  Thomas 
riucker,  of  Boston,  in  the  county  of  Suffolk,  Esq.  and  Han- 
nah Flucker  his  wife,  Isaac  Winslow,  of  Roxbury,  in  said 
county  of  Suffolk,  Esq.  and  Francis  Waldo,  of  Falmouth, 
in  the  county  of  Cumberland,  Esq.  all  of  the  province  of 
Massachusetts  Bay,  in  New  England,  in  consideration  of  the 
just  sum  of  one  thousand  pounds,  lawful  money,  to  us  in 
hand  paid  before  the  delivery  hereof  by  John  Taylor,  of 
Lunenburg,  in  the  county  of  Worcester  and  province  of  Mas- 
sachusetts Bay  aforesaid,  physician,  the  receipt  whereof  we 
do  hereby  acknowledge,  have  given,  granted,  bargained,  and 
sold,  and  do  by  these  presents  give,  grant,  bargain,  sell, 
alien,  and  fully,  freely,  and  absolutely  convey  and  confirm 
unto  him  the  said  John  Taylor,  his  heirs  and  assigns  for 
ever,  a  certain  tract  or  parcel  of  land  lying  on  St.  George's 
and  Madomock  Rivers,  in  the  county  of  Lincoln  and  pro- 
vince "aforesaid,  being  a  township  containing  thirty-four 
thousand  five  hundred  and  sixty  acres  of  good  land,  bad 
land,  and  water,  butted  and  bounded  as  followeth :  to  wit, 
beginning  at  a  birch-tree  marked,  which  is  the  north-east 
corner  of  Waldoborough ;  thence  running  south  seven 
degrees  east  by  said  Waldoborough,  two  miles  and  an  half 
to  a  hemlock-tree  marked ;  thence  due  east  across  Seven- 
tree  Pond  and  Crawford's  Pond,  so  called,  six  miles  and 
two  hundred  and  fifteen  rods  to  a  stake  and  stones  at  the 
line  of  the  township  called  Camden,  belonging  to  the  Twenty 
Associates,  called  the  Lincolnshire  Company  ;  thence  north- 
west by  north  crossing  Sunnyback  Pond,  so  called,  by  the 
land  of  said  Twenty  Associates,  eleven  miles  and  eighty 
rods ;  thence  south-west  by  west  ^  five  miles  and  twenty-four 

*  The  copy  of  the  deed,  and  several  abstracts  of  other  deeds,  have 
been  furnished  through  the  kindness  of  the  Rev.  Uriah  Balkam,  of 
Wiscasset. 

*  Among  the  papers  of  the  late  T.  L.  Jennison,  M.D.  of  Cambridge, 
Mass.  is  a  memorandum  purporting  to  be  by  David  Fales,  Esq.  of 
ITiomaston,  "  that  the  western  line  of  Dr.  Taylor's  township  was  not 
run  in  its  proper  place  when  the  town  was  laid  out,  and  that  the 
courses  given  in  the  deed  were  according  to  the  du*ection  of  the  mag- 
netic needle,  and  not  on  a  true  meridian." 


33 

rods  ;  thence  south  three  miles  and  two  hundred  and  eighty 
rods  to  a  spruce-tree  marked,  which  is  the  north-west  corner 
of  the  town  of  Waldoborough ;  thence  easterly  by  said 
Waldoborough  three  miles  and  one  hundred  and  sixty  rods 
to  the  bound  first  mentioned. 

"  To  have  and  to  hold  the  said  granted  and  bargained 
premises,  together  with  all  their  appurtenances,  free  of  all 
encumbrances  whatsoever,  to  him  the  said  John  Taylor,  his 
heirs  and  assigns,  as  an  absolute  estate  of  inheritance  in  fee 
simple  for  ever.  And  we,  the  said  Thomas  Flucker,  Hannah 
Flucker,  Isaac  Winslow,  and  Francis  Waldo,  for  ourselves, 
our  heirs,  executors,  and  administrators,  do  hereby  covenant 
to  warrant  and  defend  the  afore-granted  premises  unto  the 
said  John  Taylor,  his  heirs  and  assigns  for  ever,  against 
the  lawful  claims  and  demands  of  all  persons. 

"  In  witness  whereof,  we,  the  said  Thomas  Flucker,  Han- 
nah Flucker,  Isaac  Winslow,  and  Francis  Waldo,  have 
hereunto  set  our  hands  and  seals  this  thirtieth  day  of  Sep- 
tember, anno  Domini  one  thousand  seven  hundred  and 
seventy-four,  and  in  the  fourteenth  year  of  his  majesty's 
reign. 

*'  Thos.  Flijckek,  and  a  seal. 

"  Hannah  Flucker,  and  a  seal. 

"  Isaac  Winslow,  and  a  seal. 

"  Fras.  Waldo,  and  a  seal. 
"  Signed,  sealed,  and  delivered  in  presence  of  us, 

*'  Danl.  Hubbard. 

"  David  Greene. 

"Suffolk,  ss.  Boston,  Nov.  17,  1774. —Then  the  above- 
named  Thomas  Flucker,  Hannah  Flucker,  Isaac  Winslow, 
and  Francis  Waldo,  personally  appeared  and  owned  this 
instrument  to  be  their  act  and  deed. 

"John  Avery,  Just.  Pacis." 

1775. 

In  September,  1774,  while  Taylor  and  his  men  were 
felling  trees  in  the  forest  of  Maine,  and  beginning  the 
settlement  of  a  town,  the  first  Continental  Congress 
was  in  session  at  Philadelphia.  On  the  19th  of  April, 
1775,  was  the  battle  of  Lexington  and  Concord ;  and  on 
the  17th  of  June,  that  of  Bunker  Hill.     The  war  of  the 


34  PLANTATION  HISTORY. 

American  revolution  was  begun  in  earnest.  Dr.  Tay- 
lor was  an  ardent  whig,  and  one  of  the  leading  mem- 
bers of  the  Massachusetts  Provincial  Congress.^  He 
was  too  much  interested  in  political  affairs  to  return 
immediately.  Accordingly,  in  April,  he  sent  Thomas 
Wright,  who,  with  the  two  Butlers,  again  took  posses- 
sion of  the  camp,  and  went  to  work  on  the  Mill  Farm. 
Wright  was  soon  taken  sick,  and  returned  to  the  West- 

^  Dr.  Taylor  was  born  about  the  year  1734,  probably  in  Townsend, 
Mass.  He  was  a  physician  and  trader  in  Lunenburg,  when  he  pur- 
chased the  plantation  of  Stirlington.  He  was  married,  by  Rev.  Wm. 
Emerson,  to  Mrs.  Rebecca  Prescott,  of  Concord,  Aug.  28,  1766.  She 
died  March  3,  1772.  July  16,  four  months  afterward,  he  was  mar- 
ried, by  Rev.  Nathaniel  Merrill,  to  Mrs.  Anna  Dole,  of  Dunstable, 
N.H.  She  died  Feb.  1774.  He  married,  July  6,  1777,  Ruth,  second 
daughter  of  John  Hunt,  Esq.  of  Watertown ;  and  she  died  Nov.  30, 
1778.  He  was  also  once  published  without  being  married.  After  he 
left  Lunenburg,  he  resided  at  Pomfret,  Ct.  and  subse^uejitly  at 
Douglas,  Mass.  He  had  a  son  John,  born  Jan.  1,  1768,  and  a  daugh- 
ter Betsey.  The  latter  married  Josiah  Reed.  By  his  second  wife,  he 
had  a  son  Daniel,  who  lived  for  a  time  in  Belchertown,  Mass.  was 
called  Doctor,  had  at  least  a  son  and  two  daughters,  and  probably 
moved  to  the  State  of  New  York.  According  to  Phinehas  Butler, 
Dr.  Taylor,  when  a  young  man,  cared  little  for  religious  subjects, 
*'  till  he  had  a  dream  about  the  resurrection.  After  that  he  appeared 
to  believe  in  God  and  a  Saviour."  From  the  Lunenburg  town-records, 
it  appears  he  was  one  of  the  selectmen  and  assessors  of  that  town  in. 
1771,  1772,  and  1773.  In  1772,  he  was  chosen  representative  to  the 
Legislature  by  the  towns  of  Lunenburg  and  Fitchburg.  When  he 
was  elected  in  1774,  these  towns,  May  20,  voted  to  him  patriotic 
instructions.  He  was  member  of  the  Massachusetts  Provincial  Con- 
gress, which  convened  at  Cambridge,  Feb.  1,  1775,  adjourned  Feb.  16, 
met  at  Concord,  March  22,  and  continued  in  session  till  its  adjourn- 
ment, April  15.  It  is  said  to  have  been  through  his  influence  that 
the  adjournment  to  Concord  was  effected.  Being  convened  at  Con- 
cord, April  22,  the  Provincial  Congress  adjourned,  and  met  the  same 
day  at  Watertown,  where  it  was  dissolved.  May  29,  1775.  In  the 
meantime,  the  battle  of  Lexington  was  fought.  Dr.  Taylor  was  one 
of  the  prominent  men  of  the  Congress,  on  which  devolved  very  solemn 
and  weighty  responsibilities.  On  the  journals,  his  name  occurs 
oftener  than  that  of  any  man,  except  Gen.  Ward.  On  the  important 
committees  he  was  associated  with  Col.  Prescott,  of  Bunker  Hill 
memory.  Governor  Brooks,  of  Massachusetts,  Vice-President  Gerry, 
and  Governor  Gill.  He  was  on  the  committee  which  drew  up  the 
reply  to  Gen.  Gage's  proclamation  of  June  12,  1775,  promising  pai-- 
don  to  all  except  Samuel  Adams  and  John  Hancock ;  and  was  one  of 
the  committee  to  take  depositions,  after  the  battle  of  Lexington  and 
Concord,  to  be  forwarded  to  Dr.  Franklin,  in  England.  He  was  also 
a  member  of  the  Massachusetts  Council,  elected  May  28,  1777. 


GKAIN  SOWN  AND  HOUSE  BUILT.  35 

ward,  as  Massachusetts  and  even  New  Hampshire 
were  called  then,  and  for  a  long  time  afterward.  The 
two  young  men  continued  to  work  through  the  sum- 
mer. More  trees  were  cut,  principally  but  not  entirely 
on  the  north  side  of  the  stream.  By  the  labors  in  the 
present  and  the  preceding  years,  a  clearing  was  made 
from  Seven-tree  Pond  to  Crawford's  Pond.  Towards 
autumn  the  felled  trees  were  burnt.  Oxen  were  then 
hired  of  William  Boggs,  of  Warren,  and  ten  bushels 
of  rye  were  sown.  This  was  the  first  grain  ever  sown 
in  Union. 

The  Butlers  had  toiled  in  solitude.  To  them  the 
Lord's  Day  and  the  week-day  were  the  same.  With 
each  morning  they  rose  to  provide  or  prepare  their  food 
and  chop  trees.  It  is  not  to  be  wondered  at  that  they 
felt  no  particular  attachment  to  this  mode  of  life. 
Accordingly,  when  they  had  sowed  the  grain,  they 
went  to  Massachusetts.  After  their  departure,  Taylor 
came,  hired  Germans  and  others,  lived  in  the  old 
camp,  sowed  rye  on  the  remainder  of  the  cleared  land, 
and  returned  to  Massachusetts.  Haying  been  absent 
about  two  months,  during  which  John  Butler  lived 
with  Col.  Willard,  of  Lancaster,  and  Phinehas  with 
Dr.  Taylor's  father,  in  Townsend,  the  two  young  men 
returned  to  Union.  It  was  late  in  the  fall.  Taylor 
hired  them  out  to  Benjamin  Packard  for  the  winter. 

In  the  course  of  this  season,  Benjamin  Packard,  of 
Cushing,  who  came  from  Bridgewater,  Mass.  had 
built  a  log-house.  It  was  the  first  house  of  any  kind 
ever  built  within  the  limits  of  the  town,  unless  some 
are  disposed  to  dignify  by  the  name  of  house  the 
shanty  or  camp  which  had  been  put  up  at  the  Mill 
Farm.  It  was  about  twenty  feet  long  and  eighteen 
feet  wide.  It  had  one  room,  a  cat-and-clay  chimney, 
a  stone  chimney-back,  but  no  jambs.  It  was. about 
fifty  rods  north-west  of  the  island  in  Seven-tree  Pond. 
Of  the  three  knolls  there,  the  cellar  is  still  visible  on 
the  one  nearest  to  the  island.  Stones  were  dug  out 
of  the  cellar-hole  in  September,  1848.  It  is  supposed 
they  belonged  to  the  chimney,  as  the  cellar  probably 


36  PLANTATION  HISTORY. 

was  not  stoned.  In  the  winter  of  1775-6,  Packard 
and  the  Butlers  lived  here,  getting  out  lumber  for  Tay- 
lor's buildings  at  the  Mill  Stream.  The  pine-timber 
was  taken  chiefly  from  the  west  side  of  Seven-tree 
Pond,  and  the  oak  from  the  east  side,  some  of  it  even 
from  the  island  in  Crawford's  Pond.  Their  fare  was 
poor.  Packard  was  a  poor  provider,  and  the  Butlers 
suffered  with  hunger.  In  the  course  of  the  winter, 
while  at  work  on  the  island  in  Crawford's  Pond, 
Phinehas  Butler  saw  by  the  side  of  a  log  something 
which  excited  his  curiosity.  He  went  to  the  log,  and, 
as  he  stooped  to  see  what  was  there,  a  bear  suddenly 
thrust  his  nose  up  into  his  face.  Butler  settled  his  axe 
into  Bruin,  and  despatched  him  forthwith.  "  After 
that,"  says  he,  "  we  lived  like  princes." 


CHAPTEE    ly. 

PLANTATION   HISTORY,   1776. 

Philip  Robbins's  Purchase.  —  David  Robbins's  the  first  Family.  — 
Richard  Cummings.  —  Taylor  again.  —  First  Frame  House.  — 
First  Crop  of  Rye.  —  Raising  of  a  Barn.  —  Log-houses  of  Richard 
Cummings  and  David  Robbins.  —  Arrival  of  the  Families  of  Philip 
Robbins  and  Richard  Cummings.  —  Crowded  House.  —  Timber 
House.  —  Bam.  —  Taylor's  Mills. 

With  the  year  1776  came  a  change.  Several  persons 
agreed  with  Philip  Robbins,  of  Walpole,  Mass.  to  take 
farms,  if  he  would  come  east  and  purchase  a  tract  of 
land.  Accordingly,  Robbins  made  an  agreement  with 
Dr.  Taylor  for  about  7,500  acres,  at  fifty  cents  an  acre. 
He  also  agreed  to  introduce  a  specified  number  of  set- 
tlers. Subsequently,  Robbins,  in  consequence  of  a 
misunderstanding  with  Taylor  as  to  the  price,  did  not 
take  so  much.  The  deed  was  executed  August  1, 
1777 ;  in  which  John  Taylor,  of  Stirlington,  con- 
veys to  Philip  Robbins,  of  Stirlington,  for  ^1,200 
lawful  money,  a  tract  of  land  "  in  said  Sterlingtown, 


ROBBINS'S  PURCHASE.  3T 

containing  near  4,000  acres  more  or  less,  bounded 
thus :  Beginning  at  a  hemlock-tree  marked,  by  Seven- 
tree  Pond,  so  called,  which  is  part  of  St.  George's 
River ;  thence  running  west,  by  the  line  of  the  town  of 
Warren  596  rods  to  a  hemlock-tree  marked,  at  Waldo- 
borough  line ;  thence  north  7^^  west,  two  miles  and  a 
half  by  said  line  to  a  birch-tree  marked,  at  the  north-east 
corner  of  said  Waldoborough ;  thence  east,  two  miles 
and  ninety-six  rods  to  St.  George's  River,  near  the 
mouth  of  Bowker  Brook,  so  called ;  thence  southerly, 
by  said  St.  George's  River  as  it  runneth,  and  by  Round 
Pond  and  Seven-tree  Pond  as  they  lie,  to  the  bound 
first  mentioned."  ^ 

David  Robbins,  Philip  Robbins's  oldest  son,  had 
been  living  two  years  at  Thomaston,  on  what  is  called 
the  Kelsey  Farm,  situated  on  the  west  side  of  the 
Meadows,  and  had  there  built  a  small  log-house.  His 
father  offered  to  give  him  one  hundred  and  fifty  acres 
more  or  less,  in  Union,  if  he  would  settle  on  it ;  and  his 


*  Mrs.  Mero  says,  the  two  parties  agreed  in  the  fall  that  the  papers 
should  be  made  out  by  Dr.  David  Fales,  of  Thomaston.  Accordingly, 
after  laboring  on  his  land  in  the  year  1776,  and  inducing  some  settlers 
to  come  here,  E,obbins  departed  for  the  Westward  for  the  purpose  of 
bringing  down  his  family.  The  day  before  he  expected  to  sail,  he 
called  on  Fales,  according  to  agreement,  to  sign  the  papers ;  but  Tay- 
lor had  gone.  Under  the  circumstances,  Robbins  hesitated  what 
course  to  pursue.  However,  as  he  had  already  done  much  on  the 
land,  and  there  was  hardly  a  doubt  that  Taylor  would  abide  by  hia 
agreement,  Bobbins  concluded  to  proceed.  The  next  yeai*,  Taylor  in- 
sisted on  having  about  one  dollar  an  acre.  Robbins  finally  took  the 
tract  above  described.  He  gave  particular  charge  to  his  agent  at 
Walpole  to  pay  his  debt  to  Taylor  on  the  very  day  that  it  became  due ; 
but  a  violent  storm  came  on,  and  he  did  not  arrive  at  Taylor's  till 
the  following  day.  Then,  as  continental  bills  had  depreciated,  Taylor 
insisted  on  having  specie.  Finally,  according  to  Jessa  Robbins,  Tay- 
lor told  Philip  Robbins  he  should  pay  specie,  or  he  would  sue  him  to 
the  farthest  court.     Robbins  told  him  he  would  not  pay  him  specie, 

if  he  sued  him  to  h — 1,  and  got  the  d 1  for  his  attorney.     The 

result  was  a  lawsuit.  Robbins  "  scraped  together "  some  money, 
besides  what  he  got  for  his  farm  at  Walpole.  After  the  execution 
was  out,  Taylor  hesitated  to  take  the  pay.  The  attorney  applied  to 
the  Judge  and  Clerk  to  receive  the  continental  money.  It  was  counted 
out ;  Robbins's  lawyer  had  in  his  hands  a  demand  against  Taylor, 
which  amounted  to  more  than  the  execution  ;  a  writ  was  immediately 
served,  and  the  money  secured  to  Taylor's  creditor. 
4 


88  PLANTATION  HISTORY. 

wife  fifty  acres  more,  if  she  would  come  and  cook  for 
him  and  his  hired  men.  David  Bobbins  could  not  get 
a  deed,  or  any  security  for  one,  of  the  person  who  had 
sold  to  him  in  Thomaston ;  for  he  had  gone  off,  it  was 
said,  as  a  tory.  Accordingly,  his  father's  proposition 
to  him  and  his  wife  was  accepted.  With  their  chil- 
dren they  came  in  May,  1776,  and  occupied  the  log- 
house  built  by  Packard,  who,  in  consequence  of  the 
Robbins  purchase,  was  obliged  to  go  off.  This  was 
the  first  family  which  moved  into  Stirlington.  Before 
the  decease  of  David  Robbins,  there  was  standing  in 
Warren  or  Thomaston  only  one  house,  built  before  he 
came  here.  At  the  time  of  his  coming,  there  was  not 
another  family  above  Boggs's  in  Warren.  None  of 
the  land  between  them  was  cleared.  There  was  no 
road,  not  even  a  footpath.  Mrs.  Robbins^  did  not  see 
the  face  of  a  woman  from  the  time  of  her  arrival  in 
May  till  the  following  autumn.  To  this  day,  people 
speak  of  her  excessive  joy  when  another  female  came 
to  reside  with  her. 

At  the  same  time  with  David  Robbins  came  Philip 
Robbins  and  his  sons,  Jessa  and  Ebenezer.  Philip  Rob- 
bins settled  west  and  north  of  the  island  in  Seven-tree 
Pond,  on  the  place  where  Stephen  Hawes  now  lives. 
He  brought  six  men  to  assist  him  in  clearing  his  land. 
During  the  season  he  cut  down  and  burned  over  about 
twenty  acres. 

Richard  Cummings,  from  Stoughton,  came  the  same 
spring  in  May,  cleared  a  small  spot  on  the  farm  now 
owned  by  Henry  Seiders,  sowed  some  spring  grain, 
tarried  a  short  time,  and  returned  to  Massachusetts. 

In  the  spring  of  the  same  year.  Dr.  Taylor  again 
visited  his  township.  Having  hired  Col.  Benjamin 
Burton,  afterward  an  officer  in  the  revolutionary  war, 
Nathaniel  Fales,  of  Thomaston,  and  others,  he  built 
the   first  frame-house   in   the   place.      It  was  about 

*  Probably  the  first  white  females  ever  in  the  place  were  two 
young  women  of  somewhat  suspicious  character,  who,  in  the  spring 
before  the  arrival  of  Mrs.  llobbins,  came  by  themselves  from  Warren 
in  a  boat  to  the  Mill  Farm,  and  returned  on  the  same  day. 


EAISING   OF  A  BARN.  —  LOG-HOUSES.  39 

eighteen  feet  by  twenty,  and  stood  on  the  spot  now 
occupied  by  Joseph  Gleason's  house.  Gleason's  kitchen 
is  over  the  old  cellar,  and  Taylor's  well  furnishes  the 
water  now  used  by  Gleason's  family.  This  was 
the  only  frame-house  in  Union  till  some  years  after 
the  town  was  incorporated.  The  boards  were  brought 
on  the  ice  from  Lermond's  Mills,  at  Oyster  River,  by 
Phinehas  Butler. 

This  year,  the  Butlers,  Jessa  Robbins,  and  others, 
reaped  the  rye,  of  which  the  Butlers  had  sowed  a  con- 
siderable part  in  the  preceding  year.  It  was  the  first 
grain  ever  harvested  in  town. 

In  the  course  of  the  same  summer,  Taylor  erected  a 
barn,  measuring  about  thirty-four  by  forty  feet.  The 
posts,  beams,  and  rafters  were  of  oak.  The  entire 
male  population  of  Stirlington,  consisting  of  six  men 
and  two  lads,  one  seventeen  and  the  other  nineteen 
years  old,  were  present  at  the  raising.  The  timber 
was  so  large  and  heavy,  and  the  gang,  of  which  Philip 
E/Obbins  is  said  to  have  been  the  captain,  was  so 
small,  that  two  days  were  required  to  put  up  the 
frame.  The  flesh  was  scraped  from  the  arms,  and 
the  gang  so  exhausted  by  lifting  and  straining  as  to 
be  hardly  able  to  work  for  nearly  a  week. 

It  was  some  time  in  the  course  of  the  year  that 
Richard  Cummings  built  a  log-house.  Except  Pack- 
ard's, it  was  the  first  in  town.  It  was  situated  about 
midway  between  the  road  and  the  pond.  In  the  fall 
of  the  same  year,  or  in  the  spring  of  the  next,  David 
Robbins  built  the  next  log-house  on  land  now  owned 
by  the  heirs  of  his  son  David.  It  was  between  the 
present  house  and  the  pond,  so  near  to  the  latter  — 
perhaps  fifteen  rods  distant  —  that  the  water  used  by 
the  family  was  brought  from  it.  The  top  of  the  house 
was  covered  with  slabs  brought  from  Mill  River  in 
Thomaston.  "  The  house,"  says  Mrs.  Dunton,  "  was 
caulked  with  moss.  The  chimney  was  on  the  outside 
of  the  house.  Mother  baked  all  the  bread  by  the  fire, 
but  the  next  year  got  along  comfortably,  as  we  had  a 
clay  oven  out  of  doors." 


40  PLANTATION  HISTORY. 

In  the  fall,  Philip  Robbins  went  to  Walpole,  and  re- 
turned with  his  family.  On  arriving  at  the  Fort 
Wharf  in  Thomaston,  they  were  met  by  their  friends, 
and  came  up  the  river  to  Stirlington.^ 

In  the  vessel  with  the  family  of  Philip  Robbins 
came  Richard  Cummings  and  his  family.  They 
landed  from  Seven-tree  Pond,  Nov.  2.  Before  this, 
Philip  Robbins  lived  with  his  son  David  in  the  Pack- 
ard House.  When  his  family  came,  all  for  a  short 
time  lived  together.  There  were  fourteen  persons 
dwelling  together  in  this  small  log-house.  The  first 
fall,  three  low  bedsteads  were  set  up  in  the  garret.  It 
was  necessary  to  lay  the  fourth  bed  on  the  floor  of  the 
garret,  so  as  to  crawl  over  it  to  get  to  the  others.  The 
ascent  to  the  garret  was  by  steps  cut  into  a  log  which 
stood  by  the  side  of  the  fireplace.  Another  bed,  with 
a  trundle  bed  under  it,  was  in  the  room  below,  which 
was  also  the  kitchen,  reception-room,  parlor,  &c.  The 
members  of  the  household  who  were  unprovided  for 
lay  on  the  floor.  This  house  Philip  Robbins  and  his 
family  occupied  probably  about  four  years.  Thus  the 
fathers  and  ml)thers  of  the  town  found  it  necessary  to 
live  and  to  lodge. 

In  this  year  Philip  Robbins  put  up  a  timber-house. 
The  timbers,  twelve  by  twenty  inches  in  size,  were 
dovetailed,  or  locked  in,  at  the  ends.  The  roof  was 
covered,  but  there  were  no  doors  or  windows;   nor 

^  Mrs.  Susan  Mero  says,  that,  -when  they  arrived  at  the  Fort 
Wharf,  her  uncle  Gregory,  of  Camden,  met  them,  and  insisted  on 
carrying  her,  then  a  girl  eight  years  old,  to  his  home.  Accordingly, 
she  mounted  his  horse  behind  him.  On  the  way  they  went  through 
an  almost  impassable  swamp,  in  which  the  horse  sometimes  sank  two 
or  three  feet.  After  a  week's  visit,  her  uncle  brought  her  to  Tay- 
lortown.  Guided  by  spotted  trees,  they  came  up  on  the  east  side  of 
Seven-tree  Pond.  The  bushes  and  limbs  were  so  thick  that  she  fre- 
quently was  in  imminent  danger  of  striking  her  feet,  and  being  turned 
and  thrown  from  the  horse.  At  Crawford's  River,  there  being  no 
bridge,  Taylor's  men  were  hailed  across  the  stream.  They  went  to 
the  pond,  and  rowed  round  its  mouth  instead  of  crossing  it.  The 
boat  was  tlien  rowed  back,  though  at  first  she  hesitated  about 
"  getting  into  a  thing  that  looked  so  much  like  a  hog's  trough." 
Shortly  afterwards,  she  was  carried  across  the  pond,  about  five-eighths 
of  a  mile,  to  her  father's. 


MILLS.  —  ABIJAH  HAWES.  41' 

was  it  inhabited  for  three  or  four  years.  "  It  was  so 
built  that  the  Indians  could  not  shoot  through  it." 
Into  this  the  family  put  their  effects  when  they  came 
in  November. 
•'In  the  fall  of  this  year,  Philip  Bobbins  got  out  a 
frame  for  a  barn,  which  he  put  up  in  1777.^  It  was  in 
this  year  also  that  Taylor  put  up  the  frame  of  a  saw- 
mill, a  little  below  the  present  mills  on  Crawford's 
River.     A  grist-mill  was  afterwards  put  under  the  saw- 

mm. 


CHAPTER    V. 

PLANTATION   HISTORY,  1777,  1778. 

1777,  Phinehas  Butler  enters  the  Army.  — Purchases  by  Abijah 
Hawes ;  by  Ezra  Bo  wen ;  by  Jonathan  Amory ;  by  Joel  Adams, 
Jason  Ware,  and  Matthias  Hawes.  —  Settlement  of  John  Butler.  — 
1778,  Suchfort  the  Hessian.  —  Blacksmithing.  —  Calamitous  Fire. 
—  Suffering  for  Food. 

1777. 

In  February,  1777,  Phinehas  Butler,  who  was  acting 
as  Taylor's  agent,  enlisted  in  Stirlington  under  Col. 
Benjamin  Burton,^  and  joined  the  army. 

In  June  came  Abijah  Hawes,  the  first  settler  from 
Franklin,  Mass.  He  had  received  continental  bills  in 
payment  for  services  in  the  revolutionary  war.  The 
bills  were  depreciating,  and  he  resolved  to  purchase  a 
farm  with  them.     In  order  to  save  his  means  and  buy 

'  Col.  Burton's  bill  shows  the  value  of  labor  at  the  time :  — 
Novbr-  22  1776  St  Georges 

Philip  Robins  Dr 

To  Hughing  of  a  fraim  for  a  I^arn  O.  T.  [Old  Tenor]  £92  10  0 

To  9  Days  work  of  Myself  and  Brother  at  3£  per  Day     27  00  0 

To  one  Two  year  old  Fleffer  a  12  Dollars    .        .        .     27  00  0 

To  13  Days  Work  at  37/G 24    6  6 


100  16    6 
'  Col.  Burton  died  in  Warren,  May  24,  1835,  aged  86. 
4* 


42  PLANTATION  HISTORY. 

as  many  acres  as  possible,  he  performed  the  journey 
from  Franklin  to  Stirlington  on  foot  and  alone.  He 
selected  the  farm  now  owned  by  his  son,  Whiting 
Hawes,  on  the  west  side  of  Seven-tree  Pond,  suppos- 
ing that  it  'would  be  the  more  salable  from  the  cir- 
cumstance that  David  Robbins  had  settled  on  the  one 
side  of  it,  and  Ezra  Bowen,  who,  after  having  worked 
for  Taylor  a  year  or  two,  had  the  same  month  selected 
the  farm  on  the  other  side.  Bowen's  is  now  owned 
by  Capt.  John  Pearse  Robbins,  and  is  next  to  Warren 
line.  Hawes  and  Bowen  began  to  chop  the  trees  on 
their  respective  lots  on  the  same  day. 

July  4,  a  deed  was  executed  by  which  "  John  Taylor, 
of  a  new  plantation  called  Sterlingtown,  in  considera- 
tion of  the  sum  of  £2,000  lawful  money,  conveys  to 
Jonathan  Amory,  of  Boston,  merchant,  a  tract  of  land 
in  Sterlingtown,  with  a  dwelling-house,  barn,  grist- 
mill, and  saw-mill  thereon  standing,  containing  about 
6,500  acres  more  or  less,  bounded  thus  :  Beginning  at 
a  maple-tree  marked,  at  the  most  south-westerly  corner, 
which  is  on  the  line  between  the  town  of  Warren  and 
said  plantation ;  thence  east  by  said  town-line,  till  it 
comes  to  Camden  line ;  thence  by  said  Camden  line 
north-westerly,  till  that  line  strikes  St.  George's  River ; 
then  on  the  east  side  of  said  river,  till  it  comes  to  the 
first-mentioned  bounds." 

By  this  deed,  and  the  one  to  Philip  Robbins,  Taylor 
disposed  of  all  the  land  in  Stirlington  east  of  St. 
George's  River,  and  south  of  the  line  which  ran 
westerly  from  the  mouth  of  the  Cashman  Brook. 

At  the  time  of  Burgoyne's  surrender,  Oct.  17,  1777, 
it  is  said  there  were  but  three  families  in  Stirlington. 
They  must  have  been  the  families  of  Philip  Robbins, 
David  Robbins,  and  Richard  Cummings. 

From  a  plan  drawn  by  David  Fales,  and  dated 
Thomaston,  Nov.  15, 1777,  it  appears  that  in  this  year 
Joel  Adams  bought  of  Philip  Robbins  the  tract  of  land 
which  was  divided  between  himself,  Jason  Ware,  and 
Matthias  Hawes.  Ware  and  Hawes  probably  visited 
this  town  at  the  same  time  and  returned. 


SUCHFORT.  —  BLACKSMITHIXa.  —  FIRE.      43 

John  Butler  was  married  this  year,  though  it  is 
not  known  when  he  moved  his  wife  into  Stirling- 
ton.^  After  living  seven  years  at  the  Mill  Farm,  he 
settled  on  the  farm  subsequently  owned  by  Capt. 
Nathaniel  Bachelor,  and  resided  there  till  the  spring  of 
1791,  when  he  moved  to  Thomaston. 

1778. 

In  the  fall  of  1778,  Philip  Eobbins  introduced  from 
Boston  Andrew  Suchfort,  a  German,  who  was  cap- 
tured at  Stillwater.  It  is  said  that  he  was  a  very 
strong  man,  and  once  brought  two  bushels  of  rock- 
salt  on  his  back  from  Waldoborough.  When  Philip 
Robbins  moved  from  the  Packard  House,  which  was 
probably  in  the  fourth  summer  after  he  came  here, 
Suchfort  became  the  occupant.  He  lived  in  it  till 
after  the  town  was  incorporated.  He  settled  in  Apple- 
ton,  near  the  head  of  Sunnybec^  Pond,  on  its  west 
side,  and  died  at  an  advanced  age  in  Washington, 
where  he  was  living  with  his  son. 

For  several  years  there  was  no  blacksmith  in  Stir- 
lington.  The  inhabitants  occasionally  employed  Caleb 
Howard,  of  Waldoborough.  In  December  of  this  year 
he  made  his  annual  visit.  He  brought  nails  and 
the  number  of  shoes  which  the  settlers  sent  word  to 
him  would  be  wanted.  There  being  no  floor,  an  ox  was 
"  cast "  on  the  ground  in  the  barn  of  Philip  Robbins. 
From  an  iron  pot,  placed  for  the  blacksmith's  conve- 
nience in  the  lean-to,  on  a  stump  which  had  not  been 
dug  up,  the  sparks  rose  through  the  poles,  of  which  a 
scatfold-floor  was  always  made  in  those  days,  set  the 
hay  and  grain  on  fire,  and  the  barn  was  immediately 
enveloped  in  flames.  The  fire  spread  so  rapidly,  that 
the  fowls  were  burnt,  and  "  the  ox  w^as  singed  nearly 

'  He  purchased  all  Dr.  Taylor's  furniture.  Among  the  items  on 
the  bill  of  sale,  which  is  dated  July  23,  1777,  is  "Mr.  Willard  on 
the  Catechism,  £3.  0.  0."  It  was  the  first  folio  printed  in  British 
America,  and  is  now  in  the  possession  of  his  son,  Charles  Butler,  of 
Thomaston. 

2  By  the  Indians  i)robably  pronounced  Soony-hech. 


44  PLANTATION  HISTORY. 

half  over."  Mrs.  Mero  says,  that,  as  her  mother,  Mrs. 
Robbins,  was  hastening  to  the  burning  barn,  the  chil- 
dren following  her,  she  observed  to  them,  "  It  is  of  no 
use  to  go,  we  will  all  go  back."  Upon  entering  the 
house,  they  found  that  also  on  fire.  In  the  hurry  the 
door  had  been  left  unlatched,  or  the  wind  had  blown  it 
open.  The  draft,  which  was  very  strong  when  it  came 
up  from  the  pond,  had  carried  fire  into  the  ends  of  the 
logs,  which  had  been  cut  off  to  admit  a  stone  for  a 
chimney-back.  All  the  water  used  was  brought  from 
the  pond,  and  there  was  none  in  the  house.  The  snow 
was  very  deep,  and  consequently  abundant ;  but  it  was 
not  practicable  to  apply  it  to  the  interstices  between 
the  logs.  Mrs.  Robbins  immediately  attached  a  rag 
to  the  end  of  a  stick,  and  kept  dipping  it  in  the  snow 
and  applying  it  to  the  fire  till  she  extinguished  it.  As 
the  logs  were  dry  spruce,  it  is  probable  that  the  house 
would  have  been  burnt,  if  the  discovery  of  the  fire  had 
occurred  five  minutes  later,  or  if  Mrs.  Robbins  had  not 
adopted  this  expedient  to  put  it  out.  Her  hands  were 
severely  burnt. 

The  loss  of  the  barn  was  a  grievous  calamity.  The 
people  generally  stacked  their  hay,  and  built  small  log- 
hovels  to  cover  their  cattle.  With  the  exception  of  the 
barn  on  the  other  side  of  the  pond,  where  nobody  lived 
but  in  the  Taylor  House,  this  was  the  only  one  in  the 
plantation.  It  contained  the  rye  of  Philip  Robbins 
raised  on  twenty  acres,  besides  all  the  other  grain  on 
the  west  side  of  the  river,  and  about  twenty  tons  of 
hay.  Thirty  bushels  of  wheat,  belonging  to  Richard 
Cummings,  were  burnt.  Several  tons  of  the  hay  were 
saved  by  throwing  snow  upon  it ;  but  the  "  cattle  kept 
lowing  about,  and  would  not  eat  it,  because  it  was 
smoked."  Philip  Robbins  saved  one  bushel  of  rye* 
Mr.  Porterfield,  of  Thomaston,  gave  him  one  bushel 
of  corn,  which,  it  being  winter  and  no  boating,  he  and 
Suchfort  "  backed  up  "  to  Stirlington  from  Lermond's 
.MiUs  on  Oyster  River.  This  was  all  the  grain  Rob- 
bins had  till  the  spring  opened,  which  was  late.  Then, 
with  depreciated  continental  paper,  he  bought  a  hogs- 


45 

head  of  Indian  corn,  for  which  he  paid  twenty-five 
dollars  a  bushel. 

The  barn  was  burnt  on  Friday.  On  Saturday  a 
shelter  for  the  cattle  was  put  up.  To  add  to  the  mis- 
fortunes, on  Sunday  a  yoke  of  oxen  broke  through  the 
ice  and  was  drowned,  on  the  way  to  bring  home  hay 
from  the  Round  Pond  Meadows.  In  consequence  of 
this  fire,  ten  head  of  cattle  died  during  the  winter.  It 
was  probably  after  this  that  David  Robbins's  family, 
consisting  of  the  parents  and  three  children,  were 
reduced  to  such  extremities,  that,  for  fourteen  days, 
they  subsisted  on  "  two  quarts  of  rye-meal,  which  they 
ate  with  birch-sap,  in  which  was  put  a  little  pickle. 
•A  few  boxberry  leaves  and  buds  finished  the  daily 
repast."  ^  There  is  said  to  have  been  a  time  when 
David  Robbins,  after  having  planted  the  seed-ends  of 
potatoes,  dug  them  up,  and  cut  off"  for  food  all  but  the 
eyes. 


CHAPTEE    VI. 

PLANTATION    HISTORY,   1779—1782. 

1779,  Wheaton's  Purchase.  —  Settlement  of  Joel  Adams,  MattMas 
Ilawes,  and  Jason  Ware.  —  Woodward.  —  Fairbanks.  —  Settlement 
of  Moses  Hawes.  —  Ebenezer  Robbins.  —  1780,  Jennison's  Pur- 
chase.—  1781,  First  Wedding.  —  Jessa  Robbins.  — 1782,  Settle- 
ment of  Phinehas  Butler.  —  Elisha  Partridge.  —  Taylor's  Convey- 
ance to  Reed. 

1779. 

"  January  2.  John  Taylor  conveys  to  Mason  Wheaton 
land  in  Sterlingtown,  containing  1,000  acres,  bounded 
as  follows  :  Beginning  at  Bowker  Brook  near  where  it 
empties  into  St.  George's  River ;  thence  west  by  land 
sold  to  Philip  Robbins  436  rods ;   thence  north  240 

^  Mr.  Noyes  P.  Hawes,  who  several  years  ago  prepared  notices  of 
the  town,  which  he  has  generously  permitted  to  be  freely  used,  as 
may  be  seen  from  the  extracts  credited  to  him. 


46  PLANTATION  HISTOKT. 

rods  ;  thence  east  682  rods  to  St.  George's  River ;  then 
southerly  by  said  river  about  240  rods ;  then  west  214 
rods  to  the  first  bound."  ^  Col.  Wheaton  resided  here 
a  short  time,  but  did  not  move  his  family  from  Tho- 
maston.  He  raised  a  barn  in  July,  1780.  He  returned 
to  Thomaston,  and  was  the  first  representative  from 
that  town  to  the  Legislature  of  Massachusetts. 

May  15.  Joel  Adams,  Matthias  Hawes,  and  Jason 
Ware,  three  unmarried  men  from  Franldin,  Mass. 
came  and  settled  on  the  north-west  side  of  Round 
Pond.  Their  land,  which  had  been  bought  by  Joel 
Adams,  was  divided  into  three  farms  of  different  sizes. 
Lots  were  drawn  for  choice,  and  each  obtained  the 
farm  he  preferred.  Hawes  had  255  acres,  Ware  230, 
and  Adams  took  two  lots  making  410  acres.  They 
lived  together  in  a  log-house  which  they  built  on 
Ware's  land,  below  the  present  Hawes  House,  and 
near  the  pond.  Their  oven  was  on  a  ledge  near  their 
house.  Becoming  rather  dissatisfied  with  their  mode 
of  life,  they  hired  Jemima  Robbins,  who  began  to  keep 
house  for  them,  June  29,  1780.  Here  they  continued 
till  the  "  Royal  Mess,"  as  they  called  themselves,  was 
broken  up.  Each  member  contributed  his  share  of  the 
provisions,  and  their  accounts  are  still  preserved.  Joel 
Adams  settled  on  the  farm  south  of  Muddy  Brook, 
now  owned  by  the  Rev.  Mr.  Irish.  Jason  Ware  settled 
on  the  north  side  of  the  same  brook,  where  his  son, 
Vinal  Ware,  now  lives ;  and  Matthias  Hawes  imme- 
diately north  of  him,  on  land  now  in  the  possession  of 
his  descendants. 

With  these  persons  came  Nathan  Woodward,  who 
did  not  settle  in  town.  He  began  to  clear  the  farm 
north  of  Matthias  Hawes.  It  is  now  owned  by  Nathan 
D.  Rice.  Having  a  great  aversion  to  hemlock-trees, 
he  hired  a  man  to  girdle  aU  on  the  farm,  and  they  have 
been  dead  many  years. 

A  man  named  John  Fairbanks,  from  Franklin,  came 
at  the  same  time ;  but  he  did  not  settle.     He  lived  for 

*  Abstract  from  the  deed  recorded  at  Wiscasset. 


MOKE  SETTLERS.  —  JENNISON'S  PURCHASE.  47 

a  while  on  the  farm  now  owned  by  Benjamin  Litch- 
field, went  back,  and  kept  a  store  in  Roxbury,  Mass. 

In  the  same  year  came  Moses  Hawes,  also  from 
Franklin.  He  settled  on  the  farm  now  owned  by  his 
son.  Col.  Herman  Hawes. 

Amos  Lawrence,  from  Franklin,  a  young  man  who 
had  served  in  the  revolutionary  war,  came  probably 
this  year.  He  exchanged  the  Simmons  Farm  on  the 
hill  back  of  Mr.  Seiders  for  one  in  Warren. 

Ebenezer  Robbins,  from  Walpole,  a  half-brother  of 
Philip  Robbins,  "  had  made  a  beginning "  at  Fox 
Islands.  The  exposed  situation  of  the  islands  on  the 
seacoast  during  the  war  led  most  of  the  inhabitants 
to  abandon  them.  Ebenezer  Robbins  came  to  Stir- 
lington  soon  after  the  battle  of  Biguyduce  or  Penobs- 
cot. He  settled  on  the  place  more  recently  owned  by 
Asa  Morse.  His  children  were  Bela,  Philip,  Zilpah, 
Azubah,  and  Molly. 

1780. 

"  July  19.  John  Taylor,  of  Pomfret,  Conn,  conveys 
to  William  Jennison,  of  Brookfield,  Mass.  land  in  Ster- 
lingtown,  bounded  thus :  Beginning  at  the  north- 
east corner  of  Waldoborough ;  then  east  256  rods  on 
land  of  Philip  Robbins  to  the  south-west  corner  of 
Mason  Wheaton's  land ;  then  north  697  rods  and  14 
links  to  the  north-east  corner  of  said  tract ;  then  west 
4  miles  96  rods  to  the  west  line  of  Sterlington,  being 
north-west  corner  of  said  tract;  then  south  by  said 
line  697  rods  14  links  to  north-west  corner  of  Wal- 
doborough and  south-west  corner  of  said  tract;  then 
east  by  Waldoborough  line  3|  miles  to  first  bound."  ^ 

*  Abstract  from  the  deed  recorded  at  "Wiscasset. 

In  this  transaction,  Dr.  Taylor  agreed  to  take  Dr.  Jennison's  real 
estate,  consisting  of  three  farms,  with  their  improvements,  and  wild 
land  in  Douglas,  Mass.  The  consequence  was  quarrels,  lawsuits,  and 
executions,  till  the  end  of  Taylor's  life.  According  to  Jessa  Robbins, 
Dr.  Jennison,  in  endeavoring  to  dispose  of  some  of  his  land  here  to 
one  Tucker,  recommended  it  upon  the  strength  of  what  Taylor  had 
said.  Taylor  also  wanted  to  sell  to  Tucker,  and  said  to  him,  •♦  Buy  of 
me,  and  get  good  land :  it  will  take  1,000  acres  of  Jennison's  land  to  keep 


48  PLANTATION  HISTORY. 


1781. 

In  this  year  there  does  not  appear  to  have  been  any 
new  settler  or  any  important  occurrence.  The  "  Royal 
Mess"  underwent  a  change.     Before  the  middle   of 

a  red  squirrel  alive."  Upon  being  questioned,  he  said  he  had  made 
to  Jennison  substantially  the  same  statement.  Jennison  told  Tucker 
that  "  Taylor  was  a  thief  and  a  liar,  and  not  fit  to  keep  gentlemen's 
company,"  and  not  only  refused  to  retract  when  called  upon,  but 
repeated  the  charges  publicly.  Taylor  prosecuted  him,  and  Jennison 
gained  the  case  by  proving  that  Taylor  had  taken  a  bag  of  wheat  from 
a  mill  without  leave,  and  an  ox  which  he  sold  to  a  commissary  in  the 
revolutionary  war.  Several  actions  were  brought  by  the  parties 
against  each  other.  Jennison  brought  one  in  March,  1781.  .  After 
various  law  operations,  Taylor  was  committed  to  jail  in  Worcester, 
March  12,  1784,  on  Jennison's  execution,  "for  about  £900  lawful 
money."  Taylor,  in  a  communication  published  March  18,  1784,  in 
the  Worcester  Spy,  speaks  of  having  sold  farms  "  to  the  amount  of 
several  thousand  pounds  silver  money  value,  and  loaned  the  money 
arising  therefrom,  a  part  to  this  Commonwealth  [Massachusetts],  but 
principally  to  the  United  States,  taking  their  promise  to  return  the 
same  within  three  years,  with  interest ;  "  but  adds,  that  he  had  not  to 
that  "  day  received  one  farthing  of  the  principal,  and  but  a  small  part 
of  the  interest."  The  rest  of  the  communication  is  taken  up  with 
abusing  Jennison,  and  demanding  settlement  of  and  with  all  his  cre- 
ditors. Jennison  replied  in  detail,  April  8  ;  and  this  drew  out  a  long 
rejoinder,  April  22.  Taylor  was  in  some  way  released,  and  was  a 
delegate  from  Douglas  to  the  Massachusetts  Convention  held  in 
January  and  February,  1788,  "for  the  purpose  of  assenting  to  and 
ratifying  the  Constitution  recommended  by  the  Grand  Federal  Con- 
vention." It  seems,  however,  that  he  was  recommitted  to  jail.  There 
he  occasionally  gave  festive  entertainments,  remarking  that  he  could 
afford  to  do  it  with  the  interest  of  Jennison's  money.  Many  other 
things  were  done  to  irritate  Jennison,  who  took  measures  to  have 
him  watched.  Taylor  went  across  the  street  to  buy  some  tempting 
fruit,  and,  in  doing  it,  broke  his  bonds  for  the  liberty  of  the  jail-yard. 
At  last,  according  to  some,  he  took  rum  and  opium  in  anticipation  of 
being  recommitted  to  jail  by  the  persons  who  had  been  his  bondsmen. 
By  others,  it  is  said  he  "had  been  on  a  spree  for  a  number  of  days  ; 
and,  having  no  rum  or  brandy,  went  to  looking  over  his  bottles  of 
medicine,  and  came  to  some  laudanum,  and  drank  a  dram  of  it,  whe- 
ther by  mistake  or  otherwise  not  known.  An  emetic  was  adminis- 
tered, and  he  was  ordered  to  walk  out  of  doors  in  the  open  air ;  "  but 
he  died  the  same  day,  April  27, 1794,  at  Douglas,  in  the  sixtieth  year 
of  his  age. 

The  part  taken  by  Dr.  Taylor  in  the  Convention  for  adopting  the 
Federal  Constitution  may  be  understood  from  the  "  Debates,  Resolu- 
tions, and  other  Proceedings  of  the  Convention,"  reported  by  Ben- 
jamin Russell,  and  printed  in  Boston  in  1788.  From  this  it  appears 
that  he  was  in  favor  of  annual  instead  of  biennial  elections  to  the 


FIEST  WEDDING.      :  49 

September,  Joel  Adams  married  Jemima,  daughter 
of  Philip  Robbins.  The  ceremony  was  performed  by 
Col.  Mason  Wheaton,  of  Thomaston.  He  disap- 
pointed them  at  the  time  fixed  for  the  wedding ;  but, 
not  long  afterward,  he  married  them  in  the  log-house 
which  was  occupied  by  the  "  Royal  Mess."  The  cere- 
mony being  over  and  the  company  seated,  the  mother 
of  the  bride  observed,  "  Mr.  Justice,  you  have  but  half 
done  your  work."  "  Why  not  ?  "  said  he.  "  Why,  you 
have  not  pronounced  them  man  and  wife."  With 
some  confusion  he  asked  them  to  rise  again,  and  the 
ceremony  was  satisfactorily  concluded.  It  was  the  first 
wedding  in  town,  and  it  is  said  that  it  was  the  first  at 
which  Col.  Wheaton  ever  officiated. 

Mrs.  Adams  did  not  move  from  the  log-house  where 
she  had  been  employed.  The  "  Royal  Mess "  still 
continued ;  each  member  contributing  provisions,  and 

House  of  Representatives,  and  of  a  larger  representation  than  was 
proposed.  The  senatorial  term  of  six  years  seemed  to  him  very  objec- 
tionable. He  also  expressed  some  apprehension  lest  the  two  branches 
of  Congress  might  "  play  into  each  other's  hands,"  advocated  the  doc- 
trine that  members  should  be  paid  by  the  State  Legislatures  rather 
than  by  the  United  States,  raised  some  objections  to  a  Federal  City, 
and  entered  into  the  discussions  respecting  proposed  amendments. 
When  the  question  of  ratifying  the  proposed  Constitution  was  finally 
put,  it  was  carried  by  a  majority  of  only  nineteen  ;  187  voting  in  its 
favor,  and  168  against  it.  Shortly  afterward,  Dr.  Taylor  rose,  and 
said  that  ♦'  he  had  uniformly  opposed  the  Constitution  ;  that  he  had 
found  himself  fairly  beaten ;  and  expressed  his  determination  to  go 
home,  and  endeavor  to  infuse  a  spirit  of  harmony  and  love  among 
the  people." 

To  this  long  note  it  may  be  added,  that  Dr.  William  Jennison  was 
probably  born  in  Salem,  Mass.  where  his  father  was  a  clergyman.  He 
had  a  good  education,  and  studied  medicine  with  Dr.  Prentice,  of  Lan- 
caster. He  resided  at  Mendon,  now  Milford,  where  he  married  Mary 
Staples ;  also  at  Douglas,  Sudbury,  and  Brookfield.  At  the  age  of 
sixty-six,  he  died  at  Brookfield,  May  8,  1798,  in  consequence  of  a  fall 
from  his  horse.  He  was  a  man  of  great  activity  and  energy,  and 
during  the  Revolution  was  a  prominent  whig.  His  children  were  — 
1.  William  ;  2.  Samuel,  a  lawyer;  3.  John,  a  lawyer,  settled  in  Bos- 
ton, and  died  of  lung  fever ;  4.  Timothy  Lindall,  M.D.  of  Cambridge, 
Mass. ;  also  Ebenezer,  who  lived  for  some  time  in  Union,  -svas  surveyor, 
jnarried  in  Boston,  and  died  a  few  years  since  at  Dixmont,  where  he 
was  postmaster.  There  were  also  Mary,  who  married  Jonathan  Whip- 
ple, father  of  the  late  William  J.  Whipple,  Esq.  of  Cambridge ;  and 
Abigail,  who  is  still  living.  ,   ' 

6 


60  PLANTATION  HISTORY. 

the  unmarried  members  paying  for  the  services  ren- 
dered by  Mrs.  Adams.  Adams  and  his  wife,  in  the 
fall,  visited  Massachusetts. 

This  year  Jessa  Robbins  began  to  clear  the  farm 
south  of  Round  Pond,  where  he  now  lives  with  his 
son,  Jason  Robbins. 

1782. 

"  January  15.  Mr.  Adams  gone  down  to  George's, 
after  his  things  he  brought  from  the  Westward ;  like- 
wise to  help  Mr.  Butler  up  with  his  lady's  goods."  ^  Mr. 
Phinehas  Butler,  having  completed  his  term  of  service 
in  the  army,  returned  to  Thomaston,  and  there  married, 
Oct.  18,  1781,  Mlea,  daughter  of  Oliver  Robbins.  She 
was  the  first  white  female  born  in  Thomaston,  east  of 
Mill  River.  Jan.  17,  1782,  he  moved  into  a  log-house 
in  Stirlington,  which  he  built  on  the  farm  now  owned 
by  James  Grinnell,  on  the  west  side  of  the  St.  George's, 
about  half-way  from  the  Middle  to  the  Upper  Bridge. 
He  returned  to  Thomaston,  Nov.  14,  1785,  where  he 
and  his  wife  are  now  both  living. 

"Sabbath-day,  April  28,  1782.  Last  week,  Mr. 
Elisha  Partridge  moved  upon  Col.  Wheaton's  farm  in 
this  place."  1  He  came  from  Franklin,  and  was  a 
tenant  under  Col.  Wheaton.  The  place  was  after- 
wards bought  by  the  Daggetts.  His  log-house  was 
probably  very  near  the  spot  now  occupied  by  Nahum 
Thurston's  house. 

"  May  16.  John  Taylor  conveyed  to  Josiah  Reed 
land  in  Sterlingtown,  bounded  as  follows :  Beginning 
on  the  western  side  of  Sunnybeck  Pond  in  a  side  line 
of  Camden ;  thence  north-west  bv  north  on  Camden 
line  to  the  north-west  corner  of  the  township  the 
grantor  purchased  of  Thomas  Flucker  and  others, 
Sept.  30,  1774 ;  thence  south-west  by  west  and  south- 
erly, on  the  most  western  line  of  said  township,  till  it 
comes  to  the  six-thousand-acre  lot  sold  to  William 
Jennison ;  then  easterly  and  southerly,  by  said  six- 
thousand-acre  lot,  to  the  most  north-westerly  corner  of 

^  Matthias  Hawes's  Account-book. 


HAWES'S  LOG-HOUSE.  51 

a  thousand-acre  lot  sold  to  Mason  Wheaton ;  thence 
easterly,  on  the  northern  line  of  said  thousand-acre  lot, 
to  St.  George's  River ;  then  northerly,  by  said  river  to 
the  first  bounds,  containing  by  estimation  upwards  of 
14,000  acres." 

This  was  the  last  of  the  land  owned  by  Dr.  Taylor. 
It  is  said,  that,  in  consequence  of  the  lawsuit  with  Dr. 
Jennison,  and  to  avoid  attachments  by  his  creditors,  he 
put  his  property  into  the  hands  of  his  son-in-law  Reed, 
who  never  restored  it. 

Another  change  was  made  in  the  "  Royal  Mess." 
"  Nov.  4.  Mr.  Adams  moved  out  of  this  house,  and 
Mr.  Ware  moved  in  with  his  wife.  .  .  .  Nov.  22.  I 
brought  up  my  boards  for  my  house  from  the  mill.  .  .  . 
Dec.  7.  I  raised  the  roof  of  my  house.  .  .  .  Dec.  25.  I 
moved  into  m v  house."  ^ 


CHAPTER    VII. 

.PLANTATION   HISTORY,  1783—1786. 

1783,  Log-house.  —  Bride.  —  Bride's  Dower.  —  Jessa  Bobbins.  —  1784, 
Amariab  Mero. —  1785,  Josiah  Bobbins.  —  Gillmor.  —  Cat-and- 
clay  Chimney.  —  Boyal  Grinnell.  —  Elijah  Holmes.  — 1786,  Arrival 
of  the  Families  of  Josiah  Bobbins  ;  of  Samuel  Hills.  —  Samuel 
Martin.  —  Organization  of  the  Plantation. 

1783. 

Jan.  1,  Matthias  Hawes  married  Sarah  Payson,  in 
Warren ;  and  on  the  16th  "  moved  home  and  began  to 
keep  house ; "  ^  and  thus  another  family  was  added 
to  the  population.  According  to  JVL's.  Hawes,  the 
house  which  IVIr.  Hawes  had  begun  was  by  some  con- 
sidered s  "  a  little  more  stylish  "  than  any  other  of  the 
log-houses  in  the  plantation.  No  other  house  in  Stir- 
lington  was  shingled.  This  was  covered  with  shingles 
made  by  Mr.  Hawes  himself.     It  contained  a  kitchen, 

^  Matthias  Hawes's  Account-book. 


62  PLANTATION  HISTORY. 

bedroom,  buttery,  and  had  a  good  cellar.  The  logs  of 
which  the  walls  were  made,  instead  of  being  rough, 
were  hewed  both  inside  and  outside.  There  was  a 
regularly  laid  floor ;  but,  as  the  boards  were  not  nailed 
down,  considerable  care  was  requisite,  in  drawing  up 
the  table  for  a  meal,  to  prevent  it  from  being  upset. 
On  the  w^est  end  was  a  place  designed  for  a  chimney. 
For  a  flue,  boards  were  stuck  up  endwise,  ten  or  twelve 
feet  apart  at  the  bottom,  to  secure  them  from  taking 
fire,  and  tipped  inward  toward  the  top,  so  as  to  leave 
a  comparatively  small  opening  for  the  passage  of  the 
smoke.  The  fire  was  built  on  the  ground,  and  a  flat 
stone  used  for  a  chimney-back.  The  only  window 
was  made  by  a  wooden  slide.  This  was  closed  when 
it  stormed,  and  then  the  newly-married  couple  saw  by 
means  of  the  light  which  came  down  the  chimney. 
As  the  ground  on  which  the  fire  was  built  was  lower 
than  the  floor,  the  occupants,  when  it  was  cold,  sat  on 
the  ends  of  the  boards,  and  suspended  their  feet  in 
front  of  the  fire.  A  crane  was  made  by  extending  a 
pole  across  the  fireplace,  and  resting  the  ends  in  the 
crotches  of  sticks  which  were  driven  into  the  ground, 
one  on  each  side  of  the  fire.  These  were  the  accom- 
modations when  Mr.  Hawes  "  moved  home  and  began 
to  keep  house."  He  made  bricks  and  put  up  a  chim- 
ney in  the  spring.  In  the  fail  he  went  to  Boston, 
where  he  procured  glass,  and  made  two  small  win- 
dows. Some  of  the  other  people  in  Stirlington  used 
mica  or  "  isinglass."     Oiled  paper  was  also  in  use. 

Commonly  a  log-house  had  but  one  room.  Some- 
times two  rooms  were  made  by  suspending  a  bedquilt 
from  the  ceiling.  In  Mr.  Hawes's  house,  besides  the 
indispensable  requisites  for  housekeeping,  was  a  large 
spinning-wheel.  There  was  also  a  loom,  which,  large 
as  looms  were  Ihen  made,  must  have  occupied  a  very 
important  portion  of  the  room.  Log-houses,  however, 
were  easijy  built,  and  when  finished  were  commonly 
tight,  well  caulked  with  moss,  sometimes  with  clay, 
and  were  very  warm.  Trees  were  growing  at  the 
doors ;  and  the  settlers,  desiring  to  get  rid  of  them 


bride's  dower.  53 

that  they  might  have  the  land  for  cultivation,  rolled 
into  the  fireplaces  huge  logs,  six  or  eight  feet  in  length, 
and  piled  them  up  as  long  as  they  would  lie  upon  each 
other. 

As  a  description  has  been  given  of  the  house  into 
which  a  bride  and  bridegroom  moved,  it  may  not  be 
amiss  for  the  present  luxurious  generation  to  know 
something  about  a  lady's  dower  in  the  early  settlement 
of  the  town.  The  mother  of  Mrs.  Hawes  had  three 
daughters  to  fit  out,  and  she  divided  her  furniture  as 
equitably  as  she  could  among  them.  The  following 
was  what  Mrs.  Hawes  had :  One  coverlet,  one  pair  of 
sheets,  one  feather-bed ;  three  white  kitchen-chairs ; 
one  white  chest  with  one  drawer,  the  legs  of  which  she 
colored  with  an  indigo  bag ;  one  looking-glass,  about 
eight  by  ten  inches,  with  flowers  running  up  the  sides ; 
one  tea-kettle ;  one  spider ;  two  pewter  porringers, 
holding  about  one  pint  each ;  three  knives,  three  forks ; 
three  flowered  cups,  three  saucers,  three  plates,  taken 
from  a  set  of  crockery ;  three  pewter  plates,  and  two 
or  three  wooden  trenchers  to  eat  upon,  which  were 
kept  neat  with  much  care,  and  occasionally  boiled  in 
lye ;  also  an  old-fashioned  loom  and  a  great  spinning- 
wheel.  After  a  while  the  knives  were  broken,  and  her 
husband  took  some  broken  scythes  to  the  blacksmith, 
and  had  shanks  drawn  out,  which  he  inserted  into 
wooden  handles  made  by  himself.  To  this  may  be 
added  what  belonged  to  her  husband,  viz. :  One  sea- 
chest,  one  straw-bed,  one  pair  of  woollen  blankets,  and 
one  iron  pailful-pot,  exceedingly  annoying,  because,  in 
boiling,  the  fat,  if  not  the  food,  almost  invariably 
escaped  through  the  broken  side  of  it.  In  this  manner 
one  of  the  most  worthy  couples  in  the  place  began 
housekeeping.  Mrs.  Hawes  was  subsequently  con- 
fined ;  and  then,  to  meet  expenses,  she  was  obliged  to 
part  with  her  wedding  gown  of  home-made  linen. 
Afterward  Mr.  Hawes  broke  his  leg,  and  his  wife  was 
obliged  to  take  charge  of  the  outdoor  and  indoor  work, 
and  cut  the  wood  for  cooking;  but  he  was  able  to 
assist  her  by  entertaining  the  twin  children.     When 

6* 


54  PLANTATION  HISTORY. 

haying  time  came,  he  was  obliged  to  part  with  his 
wedding  garment. 

In  the  fall  of  the  year  1783,  Jessa  E-obbins  began 
housekeeping. 

1784. 

In  September,  1784,  Amariah  Mero  came  from 
Stoughton,  and  bought  the  farm  now  owned  by  his  son, 
Spencer  Mero.  Afterward,  he  settled  on  the  farm 
and  lived  in  the  house  with  Philip  Robbins,  whose 
daughter  he  married.  At  this  time  there  were  thirteen 
families. 

1785. 

In  the  spring  of  1785,  Josiah  Robbins,  brother  of 
Philip  Robbins,  came  to  Stirlington,  and  began  to 
clear  the  Robbins  Neck.^  This  name  is  given  to  the 
peninsula,  the  neck  of  which  is  intersected  by  a  line 
running  north-westerly  from  the  north  end  of  Seven- 
tree  Pond  to  the  St.  George's,  a  little  below  the  Middle 
Bridge.  Josiah  Robbins,  with  David  Gillmor,  senior, 
of  Franklin,  Mass.  bought  the  entire  peninsula,  contain- 
ing about  two  hundred  and  seventy  acres.  Gillmor 
never  came  to  Union  to  reside.  His  son  Rufus  came 
in  1787,  improved  the  south  part  of  the  Neck,  and 
cleared  the  True  Farm,  or  Fuller  Farm,  as  it  is  some- 
times called,  now  owned  by  Mr.  Charles  Fogler.  His 
house  was  on  the  west  side  of  the  road,  a  little  below 
Mr.  Fogler's,  and  very  near  the  foot  of  the  hill.  Rob- 
bins bmlt  his  house  on  the  brow  of  the  hill,  between 
the  house  now  owned  by  his  grandson,  Willard  Rob- 

»  A  few  years  after  Josiah  Robbins  moved  to  town,  there  was  a 
gathering  to  raise  a  barn  for  him.  Bread  was  very  scarce ;  and  rum, 
in  those  days  considered  almost  indispensable  on  such  occasions, 
commanded  an  exorbitant  price.  But,  as  there  were  fish  in  abun- 
dance and  some  meat,  it  was  concluded,  instead  of  the  ordinary 
refreshment,  to  have  a  supper.  David  Cummings,  then  a  boy,  was 
sent  on  an  errand  from  the  barn  to  the  house,  where  he  saw  Mrs. 
Robbins  taking  bread  from  the  oven.  Watching  his  opportunity,  he 
broke  off  a  piece,  and  ran.  He  often  spoke  of  it  when  he  became  a 
man,  and  added  that  this  was  one  of  the  richest  meals  he  ever  ate ; 
for  his  dinner  that  day  had  consisted  of  nothing  but  boiled  beech- 
leaves. 


CAT- AND- CLAY   CHIMNEY.  6& 

bins,  and  the  pond.  The  old  cellar  may  still  be  seen. 
A  cat-and-clay  chimney  was  made  by  driving  into  the 
ground  four  crotched  sticks,  for  the  -four  corners  of  the 
fireplace.  Bars  were  laid  in  the  crotches;  and  on 
these  bars,  which  were  high  and  commonly  of  wood, 
was  laid  a  mixture  of  clay  and  chopped  straw.  Length- 
wise in  this  mixture  was  laid  a  stick,  about  an  inch 
in  diameter ;  and  this  was  also  covered  with  it.  Thus 
the  sides  of  the  chimney  were  built.  In  a  few  days, 
the  clay  was  hardened  by  the  heat.  Flat  stones  were 
placed  against  the  logs  of  the  house,  to  prevent  them 
from  taking  fire.  The  door  was  opposite  the  side  of 
the  fireplace.  Long  back-logs  were  slipped  in  under  the 
bars  on  which  the  cat-and-clay  chimney  rested. 

In  May  came  Royal  Grinnell,  with  his  family.  At 
that  time  there  were  fifteen  families.  It  is  said  that 
there  was  not  probably  a  washtubful  of  grain  in  the 
place.i     He  lived  on  the  MiU  Farm  two  or  three  years, 

*  There  have  been  seasons  of  so  great  scarcity,  that  some  of  the 
most  prosperous  inhabitants  occasionally  subsisted  on  alewives  and 
milk.  This  was  the  case  with  Samuel  Hills  and  family.  When  Mrs- 
Matthias  Hawes  was  about  fifteen  years  old,  and  resided  with  her 
parents  in  "Warren,  she  fared  thus  for  three  weeks,  and  became  so 
exhausted  that  she  often  laid  her  head  down  upon  the  loom  where  she 
was  weaving,  and  shed  tears.  And,  even  when  there  was  grain,  it  was 
difficult  to  get  it  ground.  The  millstones  at  Taylor's  mills  were  small 
and  poor.  Often  there  was  want  of  water.  Oftener  the  mill  was  out  of 
order.  Then  it  was  customary  to  put  corn  into  a  hole  made  in  the  end 
of  a  log,  which  was  sometimes  hooped  with  iron,  and  to  crack  it  with 
a  wooden  pestle,  either  held  in  the  hands,  or  attached  to  an  apparatus 
like  a  pump-handle.  Thus  a  family  obtained  hominy.  For  finer 
meal,  the  cracked  corn  was  sifted  through  holes  made  in  birch-bark 
with  heated  fork- tines.  Sometimes  it  was  considered  advisable  to  take 
a  grist  to  mill.  Then  it  was  carried  to  Oyster  River,  to  Molineux's 
mills  in  Camden,  or  to  Wessaweskeag  in  Thomaston.  The  bags  were, 
boated  to  the  Carrying  Place  in  Warren.  There  they  were  left  till 
the  carrier  went  to  the  head  of  the  tide,  about  two  miles  distant,  hired 
a  horse,  and  returned  for  them.  They  were  then  transported  across 
the  Carrying  Place,  put  into  another  boat,  and  the  horse  was  returned 
to  its  owner.  In  this  way,  by  water  and  by  land,  the  grist  was  borne 
forward  to  the  mill.  The  same  tedious  process  was  repeated  in  return- 
ing. For  each  grist,  it  was  necessary  six  times  to  cross  the  Carrying 
place  in  Warren. 

Sometimes  the  grain  was  carried  on  horseback  the  entire  distance 
from  Union.  Then  it  was  necessary  to  walk  by  the  horse  all  the  way. 
The  bushes,  fallen  trees,  old  logs,  gulleys,  were  so  numerous,  and  the . 


66  PLANTATION   HISTORY. 

and  had  charge  of  the  mills.  Mrs.  Grinnell  was  in  the 
habit  of  assisting  her  husband  in  setting  the  mill-logs, 
and  marking  the  boards.  On  an  emergency,  she  took 
an  ox-chain,  wound  it  over  her  shoulders  and  back, 
and  earned  it  to  the  blacksmith  -  shop  of  Samuel 
Hills,  to  be  mended.  After  living  at  South  Union 
three  years,  Mr.  Grinnell,  with  his  wife  ^  and  children, 

path,  -which  was  designated  by  spotted  trees,  was  so  bad,  that  fre- 
quently the  bags  were  taken  off  and  replaced  twenty  times  during  the 
journey. 

Jessa  Robbins  says  he  has  hauled  grain  on  a  hand-sled  to  Seven-tree 
Pond,  carried  it  on  his  back  the  two  miles  at  the  crossing  place  in 
"Warren,  and  rowed  it  to  Lermond's.  His  mill  being  a  tide-mill,  and 
the  water  frequently  low,  he  oftener  had  to  go  on  with  it  to  Coombs' s, 
at  "Wessaweskeag.  The  journey  always  required  two,  and  sometimes 
three  days. 

In  a  time  of  scarcity,  the  owners,  on  their  rettirn,  frequently  loaned 
the  greatest  part  of  the  meal  to  the  needy.  The  earliest  crop  of  rye  was 
harvested  and  ground  as  soon  as  possible,  in  order  to  relieve  the  inha- 
bitants, perhaps  for  a  week,  till  other  crops  were  ripe.  If  any  one  had 
a  suitable  piece  of  ground,  he  sowed  barley,  as  it  ripened  earlier. 
When  Royal  Grinnell  was  miller  at  South  Union,  he  frequently 
ground  the  poor  man's  peck  or  half-bushel  of  grain,  without  taking 
the  toll. 

*  Mrs.  Grinnell  and  Nathaniel  Robbins,  Esq.  have  dwelt  much 
upon  the  annoyance  from  the  small  black  flies,  with  which  the  Avoods 
swarmed  when  they  came  here.  Though  they  have  now  almost 
wholly  disappeared,  the  common  black  flies  cannot  in  number  be  com- 
pared with  them.  If  it  were  practicable  to  count  them,  they  could  be 
reckoned  only  by  millions.  Their  bodies  were  about  half  as  large  as 
mosquitos.  They  bit,  and  drew  blood  instantly.  This  was  followed 
by  an  inflammation  and  swelling,  which  continued  several  days.  If  a 
child  went  to  the  door  for  a  minute  or  two,  it  would  return  covered 
with  them,  and  with  the  blood  running  down  its  face,  hands,  and  legs. 
Haymakers,  choppers,  and  laborers  in  general,  covered  their  faces 
with  handkerchiefs  in  self-defence.  The  annoyance  was  indescribable. 
When  night  came,  they  ceased  from  their  bloody  work.  Eut  it  was 
only  to  give  place  to  mosquitos,  which  then  began  in  turn  their  attacks. 
During  the  warm  season,  the  inhabitants  had  no  peace,  either  by  night 
or  by  day.  The  only  partial  remedy  lay  in  building  large  fires,  and 
raising  a  dense  smoke  before  the  doors  of  the  log-houses ;  and,  if  the 
smoke  filled  the  houses,  it  was  considered  vastly  preferable  to  the 
mosquitos. 

Dr.  Thaddeus  William  Harris  —  whom  Professor  Agassiz  does 
not  hesitate  to  pronounce  "  decidedly  the  best  entomologist  in 
the  world  "  —  in  his  Treatise  on  Insects,  p.  405,  calls  the  small  black 
fly,  or  gnat,  Simulium  molcstum,  and  says  :  ••  These  little  tormentors 
are  of  a  black  color ;  their  wings  are  transparent ;  and  their  legs  are 
short,  and  have  a  broad,  whitish  ring  around  them.    The  length  of  the 


HOLMES.  —  JOSIAH  EOBBINS'S  FAMILY.  57 

settled  on  the  farm  which  was  in  possession  of  Phine- 
has  Butler  before  he  moved  to  Thomaston. 

Aug.  25.  Elijah  Holmes,  from  Sharon,  married  in 
Stirlington  Dorcas  Partridge,  from  Franklin.  He  took 
up  his  residence  on  the  place  subsequently  owned  by 
the  late  Obadiah  Morse,  and  now  by  James  Adams 
Ulmer,  of  Thomaston.  He  cut  the  logs  of  his  house, 
"  backed  "  them  together,  put  up  the  walls  before  any 
one  knew  it,  and  then  announced  to  the  family  of 
Capt.  Adams,  with  whom  he  boarded,  that  he  had  a 
house.  He  also  lived  on  the  farm  now  owned  by  Philo 
Thurston,  and  afterward  near  Capt.  Tobey,  on  the 
farm  since  owned  by  Deacon  Morse.  Not  many  years 
passed  before  he  moved  to  Rockland,  and  became  an 
extensive  landowner. 

1786. 

In  1786,  Josiah  Robbins  moved  his  family  from 
Franklin.  On  the  Lord's  Day  before  their  departure 
for  the  wilderness,  where  they  would  be  beyond  the 
sound  of  the  gospel,  the  sons  and  daughters  were  led 
by  their  parents  to  the  front  of  the  pulpit,  and  "  in  the 
presence  of  the  large  congregation  received  the  ordi- 
dinance  of  baptism  and  the  apostolic  blessing  of  that 
venerable  man,"  the  Rev.  Dr.  Emmons.  After  this 
consecration,  they  took  their  departure.     They  landed 

body  rarely  exceeds  one-tenth  of  an  inch.  They  begin  to  appear  itf 
May,  and  continue  about  six  weeks,  after  which  they  are  no  more  seen. 
.  .  .  They  are  followed,  however,  by  swarms  of  midges,  or  sand-flies, 
Simulmm  nocivum,  called  no-see-'em  by  the  Indians  of  Maine  on 
account  of  their  minuteness.  So  small  are  they,  that  they  would 
hardly  be  perceived  were  it  not  for  their  wings,  which  are  of  a  whit- 
ish color,  mottled  with  black.  Towards  evening,  these  winged  atoms 
come  forth,  and  creep  under  the  clothes  of  the  inhabitants,  and  by 
their  bites  produce  an  intolerable  irritation,  and  a  momentary  smai-t- 
ing,  compared,  in  Gosse's  Canadian  Naturalist,  to  that  caused  by 
sparks  of  fire.  They  do  not  draw  blood ;  and  no  swelling  follows  their 
attacks.  They  are  most  troublesome  during  the  months  of  July  and 
August."  It  is  very  likely  that  these  animals  caused  part  of  the  suf- 
ferings alluded  to ;  but,  as  the  inhabitants  in  Union  were  not  natural- 
ists, and  had  not  a  very  correct  idea  of  these  insects,  it  is  probable 
that  oftentimes  they  did  not  distinguish  the  midges  from  the  gnats 
which  immediately  preceded  them. 


68  PLANTATION  HISTORY. 

at  Wheaton's,  afterwards  called  Green's  "Wharf,  in 
Thomaston,  about  two  hundred  rods  west  of  the  Knox 
Mansion.  They  went  up  the  river  in  a  gondola  to  the 
head  of  the  tide.  Then  their  luggage,  furniture,  &c. 
because  of  the  falls,  were  hauled  across  the  Carrying 
Place  to  a  landing  opposite  Isaac  Starrett's.  Here 
they  were  met  by  Philip  Robbins  and  David  Robbins 
from  Stirlington,  who  came  down  the  river  in  log- 
canoes.  Boards  were  laid  across  the  canoes,  the  goods 
were  put  on,  and  all  embarked  for  the  place  of  destina- 
tion. They  landed  on  Philip  Robbins's  farm,  near  the 
island.  May  17,  1786,  after  a  journey  of  seventeen 
days,  having  waited  in  Boston  fourteen  days  for  a 
wind. 

In  the  vessel  with  Josiah  Robbins  came  Samuel 
Hills,  the  first  blacksmith,  with  his  wife.  An  older 
brother,  a  painter,  had  lived  with  Oliver  Robbins  in 
Thomaston,  and  died  there.  Hills  came  down  to  look 
after  his  brother's  effects,  and  thus  found  his  way  to 
Union.  In  1785  he  had  cleared  Hills  Point.  He  set- 
tled, lived,  and  died  near  Seven-tree  Pond,  on  the  east 
side  of  it,  below  Crawford's  River.  The  farm  is  now 
owned  by  Nathaniel  Robbins. 

At  the  time  of  the  arrival  of  Robbins  and  Hills, 
there  was  no  house  or  settlement  on  the  east  side  of 
the  St.  George's,  except  on  the  Taylor  farm. 

Besides  the  persons  who  have  been  named,  there 
was,  when  Robbins  and  Hills  moved  to  Stirlington, 
another  person  here,  the  year  of  whose  coming  is  not 
known.  Samuel  Martin,  from  Bristol,  who  had  lost 
the  sight  of  one  of  his  eyes,  resided  below  Sunnybec 
Pond,  at  the  saw-mill,  which  then  stood  thirty  or  forty 
rods  above  the  present  Upper  Bridge.  He  afterward 
moved  to  Hope. 

The  names  of  all  the  settlers  in  Stirlington  Planta- 
tion, and  the  places  on  which  they  lived,  have  now 
been  given.  Occasionally,  in  Mr.  Hawes's  Account- 
book,  mention  is  m'ade  of  the  arrival  and  departure  of 
other  persons.  They  were  obviously,  for  the  most 
part,  visitors.     Some  came  to  see  their  friends  in  the 


ORGANIZATION   OP  THE   PLANTATION.  69 

wilderness;  others,  perhaps,  to  look  at  the  country 
with  a  view  to  settlement;  and  a  few  may  have 
worked  a  short  time  with  the  settlers.  But  none,  ex- 
cept those  who  have  been  named,  ought  to  be  reckoned 
among  the  settlers  in  town  before  it  was  incorporated. 
The  period  covers  seventeen  years  since  Dicke,  on 
Seven-tree  Island,  saw  the  comet ;  fourteen  years  since 
the  Anderson  party  built  their  camp  near  Crawford's 
River,  and  twelve  since  the  first  arrival  of  Dr.  Taylor. 

ORGANIZATION   OF  THE  PLANTATION. 

In  1786,  Stirlington,  or  Taylortown,  was  organized 
as  a  plantation.  In  connection  with  its  organization 
is  the  following  document.  It  is  the  earliest  entry  on 
any  of  the  town-books :  — 

*' Lincoln,  ss.  —  To  Philip  Robbins,  gent,  a  principal  inha- 
bitant of  the  plantation  called  Sterlington,  in  said  county 
of  Lincoln,  greeting : 

"  In  obedience  to  a  precept  from  William  Lithgow,  Esq. 
treasurer  of  the  county  aforesaid,  to  me  directed  ;  —  These  are 
to  require  you  forthwith  to  notify  and  warn  the  inhabitants 
of  your  said  plantation,  being  freeholders,  to  meet  at  the 
dwelling-house  of  Capt.  Philip  Robbins,  in  said  plantation, 
on  Monday  the  twelfth  day  of  June  next,  at  ten  of  the  clock 
in  the  forenoon,  in  order  that  such  of  the  inhabitants  of  the 
said  plantation  [as]  shall  then  assemble  shall  and  do  choose 
a  moderator  and  clerk,  and  also  assessors  and  collector  or 
collectors  for  said  plantation's  proportion  of  all  such  taxes 
as  have  [been]  or  may  be  assessed  upon  the  same  county, 
either  for  soldiers'  bounty-money  or  for  defraying  the  neces- 
sary charges  of  the  said  county,  until  other  assessors  and 
collectors  shall  be  chosen  in  their  stead  at  the  annual  meet- 
ing of  said  plantation  in  March  next ;  such  clerk,  assessors, 
and  collectors  to  be  sworn  by  the  moderator  of  said  meet- 
ing [to]  the  faithful  discharge  of  their  respective  trust[s] ; 
and  the  assessors,  so  to  be  chosen  and  sworn,  thereupon  to 
take  list  of  the  ratable  polls  and  a  valuation  of  said  estate 
of  the  inhabitants  of  said  plantation,  for  to  make  such  assess- 
ments, and  to  judge  of  the  qualifications  of  voters  in  meet- 
ings of  such  inhabitants  thereafter  to  be  holden,  until  other 


60  IKCOEPOEATION  HISTORY. 

valuation  sliall  be  made ;  and  to  make  return  of  the  names 
of  tlie  collector  or  collectors,  with  the  sum  committed  to 
him  or  them  to  collect,  as  soon  as  may  be,  to  the  said 
William  Lithgow,  Esq.  or  his  successor  in  said  office  of 
treasurer ;  and  make  return  of  this  warrant,  with  your  doings 
thereupon,  unto  said  meeting. 

"  Given  under  my  hand  and  seal  at  Thomastown,  in  said 
county,  May  3,  1786. 

"  Mason  Wheaton,  Justice  of  Peace. 

"  Sterlington  County  Tax  £2  11  10 
"  Soldiers' Bounty  ...   1  12    4| 

"  A  true  copy. 
"  Moses  Hawes,  Plantation  Clerk.** 


CHAPTEE    VIII. 

INCORPORATION   HISTORY,  1786. 

Petition  for  Incorporation.  —  Act  of  Incorporation.  —  Number  and 
Names  of  the  Inhabitants. 

In  consequence  of  the  preceding  warrant,  the  inhabi- 
tants made  a  movement  to  obtain  an  Act  of  Incorpora- 
tion. The  petition,  which  is  the  second  document  on 
the  town-records,  was  drawn  up  within  a  fortnight 
after  the  plantation-meeting,  and  signed  by  Moses 
Hawes,  Joel  Adams,  and  Samuel  HiUs,  "  Committee 
of  the  Plantation  of  Sterlington."  It  is  not  probable 
that  it  was  presented.  There  is  not  any  copy  of  it  in 
the  office  of  the  Secretary  of  the  Commonwealth  of 
Massachusetts ;  and  filed  with  the  Act  of  Incorporation, 
as  belonging  to  it,  is  the  following  petition,  which  un- 
doubtedly led  to  the  granting  of  the  Act :  — 

♦*To  the  Honorable  Senate  and  House  of  Representatives  of 
Massachusetts,  in  General  Court  assembled. 

•*  The  petition  of  the  inhabitants  of  the  plantation  known 
by  the  name  of  SterUngton  humbly  showeth,  —  That  they 


PETITION  FOR  INCORPORATION.  61 

have  for  a  long  time  past  and  still  continue  to  experience 
many  and  great  inconveniences  arising  from  the  want  of 
roads,  bridges,  &c.  to  and  from  this  place,  and  [of]  other 
privileges  which  incorporated  towns  enjoy  ;  and  whereas  the 
Honorable  Court  have  seen  fit  to  lay  a  tax  of  sixty-five 
pounds  upon  us,  which,  under  our  present  low  and  distressed 
circumstances,  we  are  unable  to  pay  without  great  difficulty 
and  inconvenience  in  the  manner  prescribed,  as  four-fifths  of 
the  land  belongs  to  non-resident  proprietors,  and  there  being 
no  roads  laid  out  to  this  place ;  we  therefore  pray  that  the 
Honorable  Court  would  permit  us  to  lay  out  said  tax  in  de- 
fraying charges  of  a  bridge  now  a  building  of  one  hundred 
and  ten  feet  long,  and  in  opening  and  making  roads,  and 
building  another  bridge  of  one  hundred  and  seventy  feet 
long ;  which  bridge  must  be  built  before  there  will  be  any 
passing  by  land  or  water  to  or  from  this  place.  [And]  If, 
in  their  wisdom  and  justice,  [they]  shall  think  reasonable 
and  fit,  [that  they  will]  incorporate  a  certain  tract  of  land, 
containing  thirty- two  thousand  acres,  including  twelve 
thousand  acres,  which  was  deducted  when  the  last  purchase 
was  made,  for  ponds  and  waste  land,  on  which  land  is  settled 
twenty-five  polls,  and  upwards  of  seventy  women  and  chil- 
dren ;  which  land  was  purchased  by  the  once  honorable  John 
Taylor,  Esq.  of  the  late  Secretary  Fluker,  into  a  township  by 
the  name  Lindall}  which  is  bounded  as  followeth,  viz. : 
Southwardly  on  the  town  of  Warren,  westwardly  on  Waldo- 
borough,  northwardly  on  land  supposed  to  belong  to  this 
Commonwealth,  and  eastwardly  on  land  belonging  to  the 
heirs  of  the  late  Brigadier-General  Waldo,  till  it  comes  to 
first  bounds  mentioned,  that  we  may  receive  and  enjoy  all 
those  privileges  which  corporate  towns  are  by  law  entitled 
to ;  and  your  petitioners,  as  in  duty  bound,  shall  ever  pray. 
By  order  of  the  Committee, 

"  Moses  Havtes,  Clerk. 
*' Sterlington,  Sept.  12,  1786." 

^  The  word  Lindall,  on  the  manuscript-petition,  is  written  in  a  back 
hand,  and  appears  to  have  been  inserted  to  fill  a  blank.  As  Dr.  Jen- 
nison  was  connected  with  the  Lindall  family,  it  may  have  been  done 
through  his  influence.  There  is  a  tradition,  pretty  well  authenti- 
cated, that,  when  the  subject  was  under  consideration,  the  uncommon 
harmony  and  union  among  the  people  were  spoken  of;  and  it  was  sug- 
gested and  urged  at  the  Legislature,  that  Union  would  be  appropriate, 
and  it  was  readily  acceded  to. 
6 


62  INCORPOEATION  HISTORY. 

The  preceding  petition  was  followed  by  — 

"  An  Act  for  Incorporating  the  Plantation  called  Sterlington, 
in  the  county  of  Lincoln,  into  a  town  by  the  name  of 
Union. 

"  Whereas  it  appears  to  this  Court  that  it  would  be  pro- 
ductive of  public  good,  and  for  the  benefit  of  the  inhabitants 
and  proprietors,  that  the  plantation  called  Sterlington,  in 
the  county  [of]  Lincoln,  should  be  incorporated  into  a 
town : 

"Be  it  enacted  by  the  Senate  and  House  of  Representa- 
tives, in  General  Court  assembled,  and  by  the  authority  of 
the  same,  —  That  the  plantation  called  Sterlington,  and  in- 
cluded within  the  boundaries  described  in  this  Act,  together 
with  the  inhabitants  thereof,  be,  and  they  are  hereby,  incor- 
porated into  a  town  by  the  name  of  Union,  beginning  at  the 
south-easterly  corner  thereof,  being  a  stake  and  stones ; 
thence  bounding  easterly  on  land  belonging  to  Waldo's 
heirs,  by  a  line  running  north-west  by  north,  eleven  miles 
and  eighty  rods ;  thence  bounded  northerly  by  land  sup- 
posed to  belong  to  the  Commonwealth,  by  a  line  running 
south-west  by  west,  five  miles  and  twenty-four  rods  ;  thence 
westerly  by  lands  supposed  to  belong  to  said  Waldo's  heirs, 
by  a  line  running  south,  three  miles  and  two  hundred  rods ; 
thence  on  the  same  land,  east,  three  miles  and  an  half;  thence 
south,  two  miles  and  an  half  and  twenty  rods  ;  thence  bounded 
west  on  the  town  of  Warren  by  a  line  running  east,  six  miles 
and  two  hundred  and  fifteen  rods,  to  the  bounds  first  men- 
tioned ;  1   and  the  said  town  is  hereby  vested  with  all  the 

*  In  consequence  of  a  precept  from  the  General  Court  of  Massa- 
chusetts, the  inhabitants  moved,  during  the  years  1794-96,  to  have  a 
survey  of  the  town.  The  plan  was  made  by  Ebenezer  Jennison,  Esq. 
and  is  now  in  the  office  of  the  Secretary  of  the  State  of  Massachusetts. 
It  is  not  very  exact.  There  have  been  unsuccessful  movements  of 
late  years  for  a  new  survey.  If  there  were  a  good  plan,  a  map  would 
have  accompanied  this  volume.  The  part  of  the  town  west  of  Medo- 
mac  River  was  set  off  to  Putnam,  when  that  town  was  incorporated 
by  an  Act  passed  Feb.  27,  1811.  In  June,  1817,  "all  that  tract  or 
gore  of  land  lying  between  the  towns  of  Waldoborough  and  Union  " 
was  annexed  to  the  latter.  Consequently,  the  town  is  smaller  and  the 
boundaries  are  different  from  what  they  were  originally. 

Though  there  has  not  been  a  survey,  the  town-lines  have  been 
perambulated.  Oct.  2,  1823,  this  was  done  between  Union  and  Wal- 
doborough, from  Medomac  River  to  Warren  line,  by  John  Gleason, 
attended  by  John  W.  Lindley  and  Herman  Hawes.    In  1840,  Sept.  8, 


ACT   OF  INCORPORATION.  63 

powers,  privileges,  and  immunities,  which  towns  within  this 
Commonwealth  are  entitled  to,  or  by  law  enjoy. 

"  And  be  it  further  enacted  by  the  authority  aforesaid,  — 
That  Waterman  Thomas,  Esq.  be,  and  he  hereby  is,  em- 
powered to  issue  his  warrant  to  some  principal  inhabitant  of 
the  said  town,  requiring  him  to  warn  the  inhabitants  thereof 
to  meet  at  such  time  and  place  as  he  shall  therein  set  forth, 
to  choose  all  such  officers  as  towns  are  required  and  em- 
powered by  law  to  choose  in  the  month  of  March  or  April 
annually.^ 

"This  act  passed  Oct.  20,  1786." 

At  the  time  of  the  incorporation,  the  town  contained 
the  following  families ;  ^  the  figures  denoting  the  num- 
ber of  members :  — 

"Willard  Robbing  and  others  perambulated  the  line  between  Union 
and  Appleton;  Jan.  13  and  14,  1841,  between  Union  and  Warren; 
and  Jan.  25  and  26,  between  Union  and  Hope.  In  April,  1841,  the 
town  "  voted  that  suitable  stone-monuments  be  put  up  between  said 
towns,  provided  the  adjoinint;  towns  will  be  at  their  proportion  of  the 
expense."  Sept.  12,  1844,  Ebenezer  Blunt,  selectman  of  Union,  and 
George  Pease,  selectman  of  Appleton,  perambulated  the  line  between 
the  towns,  and  "  set  up  stone-monuments  at  the  corners,  and  where 
the  line  crossed  the  highways,  and  near  the  banks  of  all  the  ponds 
and  rivers  which  said  line  crossed."  The  same  was  done  Nov.  9, 
1844,  on  the  line  between  Union  and  Hope  by  Ebenezer  Blunt,  and 
by  Josiah  Hobbs,  one  of  the  selectmen  of  Hope.  June  10,  1843,  the 
town  "voted  that  the  selectmen  be  a  Committee  to  petition  to  the  Su- 
preme Court  to  have  the  line  run  between  the  county  of  Lincoln  and 
"Waldo."     This  is  of  importance,  as  Union  is  a  border  town. 

^  At  the  end  of  the  manuscript  Act  of  Incorporation,  in  the  State 
House  at  Boston,  is  the  following  memorandum  :  —  "In  the  House  of 
Representatives,  Oct.  12,  1786.  This  bill,  having  had  three  several 
readings,  passed  to  be  engrossed.  —  Sent  up  for  concurrence. 

"  Artemas  Wabd,  Speaker." 

On  the  back  of  the  bill  is  the  following:  —  "In  Senate,  Oct.  18, 
1786.  This  bill,  having  had  two  several  readings,  passed  a  concur- 
rence to  be  engrossed  with  an  amendment  at  A.  —  Sent  down  for 
concurrence.  "  Samuel  Phillips,  jun.  President." 

"  A,  dele  from  A  to  B,  and  insert  thereof  that  the  Plantation  called 
Bterlington,  in  the  county  of  Lincoln." 

"In  the  House  of  Representatives,  Oct.  19, 1786.  —  Read  and  con- 
curred. "Artemas  Ward,  Speaker." 

The  words  to  be  erased  in  the  first  paragraph  were,  *'  A  of  said 
plantation  that  the  same  B." 

2  N.  P.  Hawes's  MS. 


64 


SETTLEES  AFTER  THE  INCORPORATION. 


Joel  Adams  .  .  .  . 

5 

Amariah  Mero.   .  . 

2 

Ezra  Bowen  .  .  .  . 

5 

Elisha  Partridge 

5 

John  Butler  .   .   .   . 

5 

Bela  Bobbins   .  . 

2 

Richard  Cummings 

6 

David  Robbins    . 

9 

Royal  Grinnell    .  . 

4 

Ebenezer  Robbins 

3 

Abijah  Hawes  .  .  . 

3 

Jessa  Robbins  .  . 

2 

Matthias  Hawes .  . 

4 

Josiah  Robbins  . 

5 

Moses  Hawes   .  .  . 

5 

Philip  Robbins    . 

3 

Samuel  Hills    .  .  . 

2 

Jason  Ware  .  .  . 

5 

Elijah  Holmes     .  . 

2 

CHAPTER  IX. 

SETTLERS   AFTER   THE    INCORPORATION, 

1787—1793. 


1787,  Levi  Morse ;  Oliver  Leland ;  William  Hart.  —  1788,  The  Max- 
'     cys. — 1789,    The  Daggetts ;     Seth   Luce;    Christopher    Butler; 

Ichabod  Irish ;  Barnabas  Webb.  — 1793,  Casualty  to  the  Maxcy 

Family.  —  Remarks  on  the  Early  Settlers. 

1787. 
Among  the  settlers  who  came  soon  after  the  incorpora- 
tion was  Levi  Morse.  He  was  hired  "for  forty 
shillings  a  month,  and  found,"  by  Dr.  Jennison,  then  of 
Brookfield,  to  chop  for  him  three  or  six  months,  as 
Morse  should  choose.  Having  received  one  dollar  to 
pay  his  passage  by  water,  he  left  Sherburne  for  Boston, 
April  23,  1787.  "  April  26,  saUed  for  St.  George's 
River;  arrived  there,  29th,  .  .  .  1788,  May  5,  came 
[from  Sherburne]  to  Boston ;  sailed  Wednesday  morn- 
ing ;  arrived  [at]  St.  George's  River,  May  8th ;  went 
up  to  Union  the  9th."  From  other  memoranda  left 
by  him,  it  appears  that  he  returned  from  Sherburne  to 
Union  every  spring  for  several  years ;  spending  the 
winters,  as  many  of  the  early  settlers  did,  in  Massa- 
chusetts. In  1789,  he  brought  with  him  John  Locke, 
son  of  a  former  President  of  Harvard  University.  The 
agreement  with  Locke  was  to  pay  him,  for  six  months, 


SETTLERS   FROM  ATTLEBOROUGH.  65 

"  six  pounds  twelve  shillings  in  good  rye  at  the  market 
price  in"  Sherburne,  besides  furnishing  him  with  a 
passage,  provisions,  washing,  and  mending,  from  the 
time  of  his  sailing  from  Boston.  For  a  considerable 
part  of  the  time  before  his  marriage,  Morse  cooked  his 
own  food,  occasionally  employing  Mrs.  Josiah  Rob- 
bins  to  bake  his  bread.  He  settled  on  the  farm  now 
owned  by  his  sons,  Levi  Morse  and  George  B.  Morse. 

With  Morse  also  came  Oliver  Leland  from  Sher- 
burne. He  began  to  clear  the  farm  next  to  Morse's, 
on  the  south.  After  a  year  or  two,  he  lost  his  thumb 
by  the  bursting  of  a  gun  while  hunting  near  Craw- 
ford's Pond,  and  went  back  to  Sherburne. 

William  Hart,  from  Sherburne,  came  with  Morse. 
Both  of  them  seem  to  have  been  under  the  patronage 
of  Mr.  Amory,  who,  being  desirous  of  introducing 
settlers,  offered  to  give  Hart  either  of  the  lots  of  land 
which  did  not  border  on  the  pond.  He  selected  the 
one  north  of  the  mill-lot.  It  differed  but  little  in  value 
from  what  were  then  considered  the  best ;  for  its  west- 
ern boundary  was  but  a  few  rods  from  the  water.  The 
farm  is  now  owned  by  his  son,  John  Fisher  Hart.  At 
one  time,  Morse,  Hart,  and  Gillmor  boarded  with 
Josiah  Robbins,  for  which  they  worked  two  days  in 
each  week. 

1788. 

The  Maxcys  came  from  Attleborough,  Mass.  Joseph 
Maxcy  came  first  in  1788,  settled  on  the  farm  since 
known  as  the  Gay  Farm,  on  the  west  side  of  the 
brook,  more  than  a  mile  east  of  the  Common;  and 
he  built  a  frame-house,  the  second  in  town.  With 
Joseph  Maxcy  came  Joseph  Guild.  At  one  time, 
either  alone  or  in  company  with  Joseph  Maxcy,  he 
owned  the  Gay  Place.  Josiah  Maxcy  came  with  his 
father.  Lieutenant  Benjamin  Maxcy,  and  his  father's 
family,  in  1791.  They  lived  in  the  Taylor  House. 
Mrs.  Daggett  says  that  her  father  brought  two  cows,  a 
yoke  of  oxen,  and  an  ox-wagon.  This  wagon  was  the 
first  in  town.  He  loaded  his  goods  upon  it,  and  drove 
6» 


66  SETTLERS  AFTER  THE  INCORPORATION. 

it  up.  It  was  an  object  of  such  interest,  that  the  peo- 
ple, as  he  passed,  came  out  to  look  at  it.  In  about 
six  weeks  the  lieutenant  died.  Joseph  Maxcy  then 
moved  to  South  Union,  and  his  mother  and  her  chil- 
dren to  the  Gay  Place.  Joseph  Maxcy  built  another 
small  frame-house,  the  third  in  town;  and  then  the 
family,  with  Josiah,  moved  back  to  the  Taylor  House. 

1789. 

The  Daggetts,  says  Brotherton  Daggett,  being 
strongly  inclined  to  move  from  Martha's  Vineyard, 
sent  Thomas  Daggett,  jun.  to  Albany  and  the  vicinity, 
in  New  York,  to  look  up  a  farm.  He  was  not  a  judge 
of  land,  and  returned  without  finding  one  to  suit  him. 
Thomas  Daggett,  sen.  came  along  the  coast,  went 
back  from  Camden  into  the  woods,  and  with  some 
others  was  about  to  purchase  the  whole  of  Appleton 
Ridge,  except  the  proprietors'  reserved  lots.  On  going 
to  the  rear  of  the  Ridge,  and  seeing  the  Cedar  Swamp, 
his  courage  failed  him,  and  he  went  home  without 
concluding  a  bargain.  A  year  or  two  afterwards, 
Thomas  Daggett,  jun.  and  Aaron  Daggett  came  to 
Union.  They  purchased  the  place  since  owned  by 
Olney  Titus,  cleared  a  piece,  and  sowed  rye.  In  the 
fall,  they  took,  as  a  specimen,  a  box  of  soil  from  the  land 
now  owned  by  Nahum  Thurston,  returned  to  Martha's 
Vineyard,  and  spent  the  winter.  Their  father,  Thomas 
Daggett,  sen.  was  prevailed  on  to  accompany  them  to 
Union  in  the  following  May.  He  bought  700  acres  of 
land  of  Col.  Wheaton,  divided  it  into  lots  of  about 
100  acres  each,  sold  some,  and  gave  the  others  to  his 
sons.  He  returned  to  Martha's  Vineyard,  and  came 
with  his  family  in  August.  He  landed  at  Warren. 
Every  thing  seemed  difi'erent  from  what  it  was  in  May. 
He  was  a  nervous  man ;  and,  finding  himself  here  for 
life,  he  exclaimed,  "  I  am  completely  undone."  The 
forests  looked  formidable:  "it  was  too  woody  for 
him."  This  was  probably  in  1789.  The  family 
came  up  from  Warren  in  boats,  as  Josiah  Robbins's 
had  done  three  years  before,  and  as  William  Hart  did 


ICHABOD   IKISH.  67 

when  he  moved  his  wife  and  furniture  in  October, 
1793. 

About  the  same  time  with  the  Daggetts  came  Seth 
Luce  and  family,  also  from  the  Vineyard,  and  settled 
in  the  west  part  of  the  town. 

Christopher  Butler,  Avith  his  family,  also  from  Mar- 
tha's Vineyard,  came  in  1789.  He  bought  the  place 
on  which  Oliver  Leland  had  made  a  beginning.  It  is 
on  the  north  side  of  the  road  which  runs  east  from  the 
Common,  and  at  the  intersection  of  it  with  the  road 
to  Warren  on  the  east  side  of  the  Pond. 

Ichabod  Irish,  a  cooper  of  wooden  ware,  came  to 
Union,  from  Little  Compton,  KI.  Sept.  17, 1789.  The 
good  Quaker  resided  first  on  the  west  side  of  the  river, 
near  the  JVIiddle  Bridge.  The  small  stock  of  provi- 
sions which  he  brought  was  soon  exhausted ;  and,  in 
the  great  scarcity  of  the  following  winter,  his  family 
experienced  much  suffering.  They  lolled  their  fowls, 
because  they  had  not  the  means  to  keep  them  aUve. 
They  made  an  eftbrt,  however,  to  winter  their  geese, 
because  feathers  were  very  valuable.  But,  before 
spring,  the  starving  geese  were  observed  to  peck  the 
under  bark  of  the  white  birch  firewood  at  the  door. 
After  this,  the  family  shaved  and  broke  the  bark  into 
small  pieces  for  them,  and  thus  Jtept  them  from  dying. 

One  morning,  Mr.  Iri-<h,  being  at  the  house  of  Capt. 
Adams,  was  invited  to  sit  down  to  brealifast.  He  de- 
clined ;  he  could  not  eat  while  his  children  were  with- 
out food  at  home.  INIrs.  Adams  immediately  gave 
him  half  the  loaf  she  had  baked  from  meal  procured 
from  her  brother,  Jessa  Robbins  ;  enjoined  on  him  the 
strictest  secresy,  lest  she  should  be  censured  for  giving 
away  her  brother's  gift;  and  sent  him  home  to  his 
wife  and  children  rejoicing,  and  shedding  tears.  At 
another  time,  JVIrs.  Matthias  Hawes  gave  him  a  por- 
tion of  dough  which  she  was  kneading,  and  he  carried 
it  home  in  a  towel.  The  children,  "  hungry  all  the 
time,"  were  constantly  gnawing  the  under  bark  of 
the  white  birch,  and  eating  it,  till  it  brought  on  con- 
stipation and  disease. 


68  SETTLERS  AFTER  THE  INCORPORATION. 

In  the  spring,  Royal  Grinnell  gave  to  tlie  Rev.  Cor- 
nelius Irish,  then  a  boy,  a  long  white  potato,  familiarly 
caUed  a  "  Bunker  potato."  He  "  ran  home  as  pleased 
as  if  he  had  got  fifty  dollars."  The  potato  was  forth- 
with thrust  into  the  fire  to  be  roasted,  and  shared 
among  the  children.  But  so  long  had  they  lived  with- 
out such  a  luxury,  that  they  could  not  wait  for  it  to  be 
cooked.  They  took  it  out,  and  cut  off  the  outside  as 
fast  as  it  was  roasted,  till  the  whole  was  devoured. 
Meal  was  dealt  out  almost  as  sparingly  as  medicine ; 
and,  when  enough  could  be  obtained,  the  family  luxu- 
riated on  water-porridge.  With  the  opening  of  the 
spring  came  some  relief.  Leaves  and  "  longtongue  " 
were  picked,  and,  being  boiled,  were  eaten  as  greens. 
Shortly  afterward  came  fish,  particularly  salmon,  and 
starvation  ceased  to  be  so  terribly  formidable  as  it  had 
been. 

Mr.  Irish  was  respected  for  his  integrity  and  worth. 
His  business  increased.  He  manufactured  wooden 
ware,  and,  when  there  was  snow,  carried  it  about  for 
sale  on  a  hand-sled.  In  the  winter  of  1790-91,  he 
took  some  of  it  to  Barretts  Town.  It  was  bartered  for 
three  bushels  of  rye.  As  he  was  returning,  a  snow- 
storm came  on.  He  was  obliged  to  abandon  his  load 
while  on  Sunnybec  Pond ;  and,  though  he  succeeded 
in  returning  home,  it  was  with  extreme  difficulty.  So 
vivid  is  the  recollection  of  his  distress  when  he  entered 
the  house,  that  his  children  to  this  day  cannot  speak 
of  it  but  with  deep  emotion. 

While  in  this  state  of  poverty,  Mr.  Irish  was  soli- 
cited to  take  a  child  three  or  four  years  old,  and  was 
promised  fifty  acres  of  land  if  he  would  keep  him  a 
specified  time.  As  this  seemed  to  open  the  only  way 
by  which  he  could  obtain  land,  he  accepted  the  pro- 
posal. The  child  was  introduced  to  the  family,  wore 
dresses  colored  with  hemlock-bark,  as  the  other  chil- 
dren did,  and  shared  in  their  trials  and  poverty.  Mr. 
Irish  kept  him  till  he  seciired  the  land.  Thus  he 
became  owner  of  the  farm  in  the  Daggett  neighbor- 
hood, to  which  he  moved  from  Bachelor's  MiUs.     The 


CASUALTY  TO   THE  MAXCY  FAMILY.  69 

lad  had  good  principles  instilled  into  his  mind,  and  had 
worthy  examples  to  imitate.  He  aftenvard  went  to 
sea,  and  became  a  successful  sea-captain.  Any  person 
wishing  to  know  more  about  him  may  consult  Capt. 
Barnabas  Webb,  a  man  of  worth  and  wealth  in  Tho- 
maston. 

1793. 

May  13,  Amy,  widow  of  Benjamin  Maxcy,  and  her 
daughters,  Lydia  and  Sally  Maxcy,  with  Chloe,  wife 
of  Joseph  Maxcy,  crossed  Seven-tree  Pond,  to  attend 
the  funeral  of  Esther  Cummings,  at  the  house  of  her 
uncle,  Jessa  Eobbins,  where  she  died.  After  the 
funeral,  they,  with  Simeon  Wellman  of  Attleborough, 
who  was  an  apprentice  to  Joseph  Maxcy,  and  William 
Montgomery,  got  into  a  boat  to  return.  As  it  was 
leaky  and  overloaded,  the  water  soon  poured  in  faster 
than  it  could  be  baled  out.  At  a  short  distance  from 
Hills  Point,  between  it  and  the  house  of  Philip  Rob- 
bins,  the  boat  settled  down  into  the  water.  All  on 
board  instinctively  rose.  Their  screams  were  heard 
on  both  sides  of  the  pond,  and  as  far  as  Christopher 
Butler's.  The  boat  did  not  sink,  but  rolled  over.  All 
except  Lydia  succeeded  in  getting  hold  of  it.  To  her, 
Sally  was  extending  her  hand,  when  Wellman,  ex- 
ceedingly frightened,  sprang  upon  the  boat.  All  again 
lost  their  hold ;  and  the  females,  except  Sally,  were 
drowned.  By  the  buoyancy  of  her  clothes,  by  her 
repeated  and  persevering  struggles  to  put  her  hand  on 
the  boat,  which  was  const^tly  on  the  roll  and  often 
rolled  over  her,  and  by  breathing  from  time  to  time  as 
she  got  her  head  above  water  and  her  hand  on  the 
boat,  she  succeeded  in  saving  herself,  though  she  sank 
once.  Finally,  the  two  men  got  hold  of  one  side,  and 
she  of  the  other ;  and  then  they  sustained  themselves 
till  another  boat  came  to  their  relief,^  and  Capt.  Joel 
Adams  took  Sally  out  of  the  water  into  it. 

*  The  information  respecting  this  distressing  event  was  obtained 
several  years  since  at  an  accidental  interview  with  the  only  surviving 
female.    Since  the  above  "w;as  written,  hQr  son,  the  Hon.  John  Dag- 


70  SETTLERS  AFTER  THE  INCORPORATION. 

On  the  small  population  of  Union  at  the  time,  this 
tragical  event  left  an  indelible  impression.  It  is  often 
spoken  of  to  this  day  by  the  elderly  people  in  a  man- 
ner which  indicates  the  deep  feeling  which  it  created. 
It  stands  out  more  prominently  in  the  history  of  the 
town  than  any  other  casualty  before  or  since.     After 

gett,  author  of  the  History  of  Attleborough,  has  by  particular  request 
furnished  a  copy  of  the  touching  and  excellent  letter  which  his 
mother  wrote  immediately  afterward.  It  was  penned  when  opportu- 
nities for  good  education  were  few,  by  a  girl  about  fourteen  years  old, 
in  deep  affliction,  just  after  being  rescued  from  drowning,  and  with 
the  corpse  of  a  sister  before  her. 

"Union,  May  16,  1793. 

"Honored  Uncle  and  Aunt,  — It  is  -with,  great  sorrow  that  I  take 
my  pen  in  hand  to  inform  you  of  the  sudden  and  unexpected  death 
of  my  near  and  dear  mamma,  and  sister  Chloe,  and  sister  Lydia.  We 
went  to  the  funeral  of  one  of  my  dear  mates ;  and,  when  we  were 
coming  back,  there  were  six  in  the  float,  viz.  my  mamma,  sister  Chloe, 
and  sister  Lydia,  Simeon  Wellman,  William  Montgomery,  and  myself. 
We  set  out  from  the  shore,  expecting  to  arrive  to  our  house ;  but, 
when  we  got  into  the  middle  of  the  pond,  the  wind  blowed  very  hard 
and  the  float  leaked,  and  she  being  loaded  very  heavy,  so  that  every 
wave  that  came  ran  over  the  stern  into  the  float,  and  directly  she 
filled  with  water,  and  sunk  down  even  with  the  water,  and  turned  us 
all  out.  Then,  oh  !  the  dismal  shrieks,  the  dying  groans,  which  were 
then  heard  piercing  the  ears  of  many  of  my  kind  neighbors,  who  all 
ran  to  arrest  us.  But  all  in  vain  to  some ;  for  mamma,  and  sister 
Chloe,  and  sister  Lydia,  were  floating  on  the  water ;  they  were  soon 
took  into  the  float,  all  possible  care  taken  and  methods  tried  to  bring 
them  to,  but  all  in  vain ;  for  vain  is  the  help  of  man  without  God's 
blessing. 

"  Could  I  collect  my  thoughts,  I  would  try  to  acquaint  you  further 
of  this  solemn  transaction.  The  two  men  and  myself  were  hold  of 
the  float.  Sometimes  the  float  was  over  me,  and  I  got  hold  again. 
Through  the  distinguishing  goodness  of  God,  our  lives  w^ere  ransomed 
from  the  deep  waters.  * 

"  Oh !  my  dear  uncle  and  aunt,  how  can  I  paint  these  lines  with 
grief  equal  to  my  conception!  My  dear  mamma  and  dear  sister 
Chloe  were  laid  by  my  dear  daddy  yesterday  [in]  the  house  appointed 
for  all  living.  Lydia  wan't  found  until  this  day  —  is  now  a  corpse 
before  me.  Oh  !  my  dear  uncle  and  aunt,  can  you  forbear  mourning 
with  me,  though  at  a  distance  ?  Do  pray  for  me ;  for  I  am  a  sinner,  and 
need  the  prayers  for  all  God's  people.  I  think  my  grief  being 
redoubled  would  sink  me  as  deep  as  I  was  sunk  in  the  water,  if  my 
heavenly  Father  did  not  support  me.  My  daily  prayer  is  to  God  that 
I  may  make  a  right  improvement  of  all  God's  dealing  with  me.  You 
cannot  in  any  measure  conceive  of  the  distressed  circumstances  of 
this  family ;  my  kind  brother,  bereaved  of  his  nearest  and  dearest 
connection  —  myself,  with  Hervey  and  Ama,  left  without  father  or 
mother,  full  of  grief.    May  God  support  us,  and  enable  us  to  be  fol- 


EEMARKS.  71 

this  event,  Joseph  Maxcy  sold  the  Gay  Place,  so 
called,  to  Gay.  In  the  autumn  of  1793,  Sally  Maxcy 
returned  to  Attleboroiigh. 

REMARKS   ON  THE  EARLY  SETTLERS. 

The  account  of  the  early  inhabitants  has  now  been 
brought  down  to  a  time  when  it  is  inexpedient  to  con- 
tinue details  respecting  them.  Most  of  the  men  had 
been  in  the  revolutionary  war.  They  had  strong  arms 
and  stout  hearts,  and  were  well  qualified  to  make  a 
beginning  in  a  wilderness.  Many  of  them  were  de- 
vout, practical  Christians,  who  feared  God  and 
eschewed  evil.  Deprivations  and  trials  developed  in 
them  and  their  children  a  character  which  is  percepti- 
ble in  the  present  population.  They  were  strangers 
to  luxuries.  In  consequence  of  their  isolated  situa- 
tion and  the  pressure  of  outward  circumstances,  they 
became  deeply  interested  in  each  other's  welfare.  Hos- 
pitality was  unlimited.  The  guest  of  one  family  was 
by  all  the  others  welcomed  as  a  particular  friend.  The 
bonds  of  union  were  strengthened  by  many  family  ties 
among  them.  There  were  common  interests  in  clear- 
ing the  ground  and  raising  crops,  common  sufferings 
when  provisions  were  scarce,  and  common  apprehen- 
sions of  danger  from  the  enemy  at  Biguyduce.  They 
hunted  and  fished,  and  every  one  was  alive  to  every 
other  one's  successes  and  perils.  So  strong  was  the 
sympathy,  that  the  little  community  for  many  years 
may  be  regarded  more  as  one  large  family  than  a  few 
scattered  inhabitants. 

If  any  one  had  a  delicacy  —  and,  in  those  days,  deli- 
cacies meant  things  substantial  —  if  any  one  killed  a 
bear,  an  ox,  a  hog,  or  a  calf,  he  shared  it,  by  loan  or 

lowers  of  Christ,  and  bear  our  affliction  with  patience,  as  he  left  us 
the  example ;  so  I  conclude  myself  your  sorrowfxil  niece. 

Though  distant  graves  diride  our  dust, 

Yet  pray  the  Lord  our  souls  may  meet  among  the  just 

"  Kind  uncle,  if  you  please,  send  me  a  word  of  comfort ;  for  my 
nearest  and  dearest  friends  cannot. 

"  Sally  Maxcy  " 


72  SETTLERS  AFTER  THE  INCORPORATION. 

otherwise,  with  his  neighbors.  Wherever  sickness 
came,  all  were  as  ready  to  serve  and  to  watch,  as  with 
a  brother  or  sister.  In  any  misfortune  or  affliction 
all  sympathized.  When  there  was  a  death,  each 
famil}'-  felt  the  shock.  Every  one  who  could  went  to 
the  funeral;  and  in  general  sorrow,  as  if  a  near  and 
dear  friend  were  taken  away,  the  remains  were  borne 
to  their  final  resting-place. 

In  winter,  the  solitude  was  broken  by  the  sound  of 
the  axe.  The  wind  soughed  through  the  pines.  The 
moon's  rays  were  reflected  with  a  glare  from  the  sur- 
face of  the  pond,  which,  as  the  ice  cracked,  sent  forth 
rumblings  during  the  long  night.  The  fox  barked. 
The  owl  hooted  mournfully.  The  wolf  howled  hide- 
ously. Neighbors  called  on  each  other  in  the  even- 
ings, related  their  experience  in  the  old  French  war 
and  the  revolutionary  war,  and  their  adventures  from 
day  to  day  in  hunting  moose,  bears,  and  other  game. 
An  importance  was  attached  to  many  incidents  which 
would  scarcely  demand  a  passing  notice  in  a  different 
state  of  society. 

And,  as  they  talked,  huge  fires  were  kept  burning ; 
^nd  on  the  glowing  back-logs  it  was  easy  for  the  ima- 
gination to  discover  animals  and  men,  and  a  multitude 
of  creatures  which  never  had  existence.  The  well- 
caulked  and  heated  log-houses  excluded  the  pinching 
cold.  The  people,  rough  and  coarse  in  manners  and 
language,  but  with  warm  hearts,  were  unacquainted 
with  the  artifical  wants  of  the  present  day.  They 
subsisted  on  their  coarse  fare,  and  had  better  appetites 
and  greater  happiness  than  are  found  with  kings  and 
queens  in  gorgeous  palaces. 


POPULATION. 


73 


CHAPTER    X. 


POPULATION. 

Census,  Aug.  1,  1790. — ^Abstracts  from  Censuses.  —  Hawes's  Census 
in  1826.  — State  Census,  March  1,  1837. 

When  the  census  was  taken  in  1790,  Henry  Dearborn 
was  marshal  of  the  District  of  Maine.  The  other 
United  States  marshals  gave  details.  He  gave  only- 
summary  statements.  Accordingly,  all  that  was  to  be 
learned  from  his  return  is  that,  Aug.  1,  1790,  Union 
contained  two  hundred  inhabitants.  Perhaps  this  was 
but  little  more  than  conjecture. 

The  following  statements  are  from  subsequent  re- 
turns :  — 


AGE. 

1800. 

1810. 

1820. 

Males. 

Females. 

Males. 

Females. 

Males. 

Females. 

Under  10  years 
!     10  and  under  16    . 

18  and  under  26    . 

26  and  under  45    . 
1     45  and  upwards     . 

All  other  free  persons,  ex- 
cept Indians,  not  taxed  . 

Total     . 

121 

37 
55 
61 
29 

102 
47 
43 
57 
21 

252 

87 
111 
149 

61 

221 

81 

119 

124 

61 

234 
132 
131 
130 
80 

218 
130 
123 
132 
81 

303 

270 
303 

660 

608 
660 

707 

684 
*707 

573 
2 

1266 

i 

1391 

575 

Subsequently  the  details  were  more  minute. 


•  Including  32  males  between  16  and  18  years  of  age.    In  1820,  there  were  291 
persons  engaged  in  agriculture,  7  in  commerce,  and  59  in  manufactures. 

7 


74 


POPULATION, 


1830. 

1840. 

AGE. 

Males. 

Females. 

Males. 

Females. 

Under  5  years 

128 

120 

!    143 

135 

5  and  under  10 

129 

104 

145 

125 

10  and  under  16 

104 

103 

106 

116 

15  and  under  20 

103 

90 

93 

90 

20  and  under  30 

155 

142 

146 

144 

30  and  under  40 

67 

76 

104 

'  99 

40  and  under  50 

60 

69 

63 

65 

60  and  under  60 

53 

41 

42 

65 

eo  and  under  70 

16 

19 

46 

28 

70  and  under  80 

15 

15 

13 

19 

80  and  under  90 

2 

1 

2 

6 

832 

780 
832 

903 

881 
903 

Total  . 

1 

1 

*1612 

tl784 

In  1826,  Mr.  Noyes  P.  Hawes  prepared  the  following 
document,  giving  the  name  and  number  of  members 
of  each  family,  and  the  number  of  houses,  classified 
according  to  school  districts :  — 


SCHOOL   DISTRICTS.  —  No.  I. 


John  Little 

6 

Josiah  F.  Day 

9 

Daniel  F.  Harding     . 

3 

Bradley  R.  Mo\ 

vry    .         .       10 

liufus  Gillmor  . 

6 

Joseph  Vaughai 

1        .         .       13 

Marcus  Gillmor 

4 

Susman  Abram 

3         .         .         4 

Elisha  Harding 

6 

Spencer  Walcot 

t        .         .         6 

Abner  Pitts 

6 

John  Drake 

9 

Zaccheus  Litchfield  . 

8 

Jesse  Drake 

.       12 

Elisha  Bemis     . 

8 

Abiel  (Jay 

6 

Ebenczer  Alden 

10 

David  Gay 

6 

Amos  Barrett    . 

6 

Elijah  Gay 

4 

Levi  Morse 

11 

Amos  Walker 

9 

Gorham  Butler 

6 

David  Bullen 

6 

John  Butler 

9 

Aaron  Young 

8 

John  S.  Bartlett 

6 

Nathan  Daniels 

.       10 

Betsey  Richards 

3    J 

John  Payson 

4 

*  Of  whom  two  were  blind. 

t  Including  two  insane  or 

idiots  nt  p 

rivate  charge.    In  18- 

10,  according  to  the 

census,  there  were  330  persons  engiiged  in  agricnliure,  13  in  commerce,  93  in  manu- 
factures and  trades,  7  in  navigation,  7  in  the  learned  professions  and  engineering  ; 
and  4  were  revolutionary  pensioners. 


HAWBS'S   CENSUS. 


75 


No. 

II. 

Ezra  Bowen 

3 

Jason  Robbins  . 

Oliver  Bowen    . 

2 

John  Chapman  Robb 

ms 

Abijah  Hawes  . 

6 

Herman  Hawes 

David  Robbins 

4 

Walter  Adams 

David  Robbins,  jun. 

11 

Henry  True 

John  L.  Robinson 

5 

Nathaniel  Robbins 

Andrew  Robinson     . 

2 

John  Jones 

David  Cummings 

10 

Obadiah  Harris 

Jessa  Robbins    . 

3 

John  Dods  Bovee 

No. 

III. 

Moses  Simmons 

7 

Marlboro'  Packard     . 

Ziba  Simmons  . 

6 

Leonard  Barnard 

Leonard  Wade  . 

6 

John  Pearce  Robbins 

John  W.  Lindley 

8 

Suell  Cummings 

Benjamin  Litchfield  . 

9 

Obadiah  Morse 

Adam  Martin    . 

6 

Joseph  Cushman 

Amariah  Mero  . 

5 

James  Shibles    . 

Spencer  Mero    . 

8 

,    Noah  Rice 

Bela  Robbins     . 

2 

Samuel  Jameson 

Ebenezer  Robbins 

7 

Allen  Stone 

Joseph  Clark     . 

6 

• 

No. 

IV. 

Phinehas  Butler 

13 

Charles  Titus    . 

John  Butler 

8 

Abraham  Brown 

Ichabod  Maddocks    . 

3 

Royal  Grinnell 

John  Thompson 

10 

Alpheus  CoUamore 

Otis  Bills  . 

8 

Reuben  Hills,  jun. 

Cyrus  Nye 

4 

Nathan  Hills     . 

James  Maxfield 

7 

Samuel  Hills,  2d 

Thomas  Nye 

9 

Josiah  Hills 

Charles  Hitchborn     . 

5 

Lewis  Robbins 

Caleb  Maddocks 

4 

Reuben  Hills     . 

Asaph  Lucas 

5 

George  Silloway 

"William  Libbey 

7 

Josiah  Hills 

Ebenezer  Cobb  . 

6 

Jonathan  Eastman 

Walter  Blake    . 

10 

Jonathan  Sibley 

John  Burkett    . 

11 

Patrick  Tenney 

Olney  Titus 

6 

No 

V. 

Joel  Adams 

3 

Samuel  Daggett 

Cornelius  Irish 

8 

Ebenezer  Daggett 

Ebenezer  W.  Adams 

10 

William  Daggett 

Jason  Ware 

2 

Nahum  Thurston 

Vinal  Ware        . 

4 

Philo  Thurston 

Matthias  Hawes 

6 

James  Grmnell 

Sarah  Brown     . 

3 

Robert  Dickey  . 

David  Stimpson 

8 

Nathaniel  Bachelor 

Bailey  Grinnell 

7 

John  Bachelder 

William  Shepard 

7 

George  R.  Alien 

Nathan  D.  Rice 

11 

David  Carriel    . 

76 

POPULATION. 

No. 

YI. 

Edmund  Daggett 

7 

Daniel  Shepard 

Lewis  Bachelder 

6 

Daniel  Shepard,  jun. 

Benjamin  Walker 

11 

Thaddeus  Shepard    . 

Nehemiah  Adams 

4 

Joseph  Morse    . 

Thomas  Mitchell 

5 

Jonathan  Morse 

Samuel  Daggett,  jun. 

5 

Joshua  Morse    . 

John  Walker     . 

9 

Sanniel  Fuller  . 

John  Burns 

12 

Thaddeus  Luce 

Daniel  Walker 

6 

Seth  Luce 

Solomon  Hewes 

3 

Jonathan  Breck 

Rowland  Cobb  . 

4 

Calvin  Gleason 

Rachel  Mitchell 

5 

Isaac  Townsend 

Cyrus  Robbins  . 

6 

John  Tobey 

John  Stevens    . 

7 

Nathaniel  Tobey 

David  Law 

9 

1 

No. 

vn. 

Nathan  Bachelder     . 

6 

William  Coggan 

William  Lawrence     . 

6 

Robert  Thompson 

Ichabod  Irish    . 

7 

Timothy  Stewart 

Reuben  Alford 

5 

Thomas  Butler 

Judson  Caswell 

2 

Elkanah  Morton 

Edward  Brown 

3 

Henry  Blunt     . 

Thomas  A.  Mitchell 

4 

Ebenezer  Blunt 

John  Gowen      . 

8 

Jacob  Sibley 

Reuben  Packard 

7 

Penty  Walcott  . 

Henry  Fossett  . 

10 

Jonathan  Carriel 

Charles  Hall      . 

3 

Jonathan  Carriel,  jur 

Brotherton  Daggett  . 

.       13 

Isaac  Booth 

Isaac  Upham     . 

8 

Samuel  Norwood 

Rachel  Stone    . 

.         3 

Luther  Bryant 

Samuel  Stone    . 

5 

William  Bryant 

Jeremiah  Mitchell     . 

8 

James  Bryant    , 

Asa  Messer 

9 

Judith  Clark      . 

Thomas  Messer 

6 

Whedon   . 

Joseph  Bryant  . 

2 

No. 

vin. 

Joseph  Miller    . 

.       12 

WiUardGay     . 

James  Littlehale 

7 

Johnson  Pilsbury 

Simon  Fuller     . 

6 

Obadiah  Gardner 

Caleb  Howard  . 

8 

Life  Boggs 

Christopher  Young  . 

5 

William  Boggs 

James  Sinclair  . 

.       11 

Sally  Cooper      . 

Daniel  Linniken 

6 

Joseph  Robbins 

Daniel  Howard 

5 

Abel  Walker     . 

William  Lerniond      . 

7 

Silas  Walker     . 

Jason  Davis 

6 

Samuel  Quiggle 

Sterling  Davis  . 

5 

Joel  Robbins      . 

Lemuel  Rich     . 

9 

John  Hemenway 

John  Lerraond 

7 

Alexander  Skinner 

UNITEP   STATES   CENSUS. 


77 


No.  IX. 


John  Whiting  . 

12 

John  Swan 

8 

John  Fogler 

6 

Charles  R.  Hunnewell 

2 

Samuel  Hills     . 

3 

Polly  Gleason    . 

8 

San  ford  Hills     . 

7 

Fisher  Hart 

2 

Moses  Morse 

6 

John  M.  Thorndike  . 

8 

Nathan  Daniels,  jun. 

4 

Phillips  C.  Harding  . 

5 

Kobert  Foster    . 

10 

Aaron  Hart 

4 

Mrs.  Wingate    . 

3 

William  Hart    . 

2 

Benjamin  Dow 

4 

John  F.  Hart    . 

6 

Leonard  FoUansbee  . 

8 

No. 

X. 

Ezekiel  Hagar  . 

4 

Martin  Sidelinger 

9 

Samuel  Hagar  . 

8 

Leonard  Bump 

8 

Benjamin  L.  Law 

9 

Inhabitants,  1,550;  families,  238;  houses,  215;  scholars,  715. 

A  census  of  the  inhabitants  in  town,  March  1, 1837, 
was  taken  by  William  Gleason,  Esq.  in  conformity 
with  an  Act  of  the  Legislature  requiring  it  before  the 
town  could  receive  its  proportion  of  the  "  surplus  reve- 
nue." At  that  time,  the  number  of  persons  under  4 
years  of  age  was  230 ;  from  4  to  21  years  of  age,  742 ; 
and  there  were  782  persons  who  were  more  than  21 
years  of  age,  —  making  a  total  of  1,754. 


CHAPTER    XI. 


POPULATION   IN    1850. 


Census,  June  1,  1850,  with  Names  and  Ages. 

The  following  census  was  also  taken  by  William 
Gleason,  Esq.  At  the  time,  particular  attention  was 
not  given  to  the  spelling,  and  probably  several  of  the 
names  are  not  printed  as  commonly  written.  Mem- 
bers of  the  same  family  not  unfrequently  spell  the 
name  differently,  and  there  are  some  cases  in  which  a 
person  does  not  always  observe  uniformity  in  spelling 
his  own  name.  The  order  in  which  the  names  were 
7* 


•78 


POPULATION. 


entered  on  the  census-book  is  preserved,  as  it  often 
indicates  the  neighborhood  and  locality.  The  first 
column  of  figures  denotes  the  number  of  the  houses ; 
the  second,  the  number  of  the  families.  The  other 
figures  designate  the  ages. 


1.  1  Robert  McGuier  .     .  52 

Caroline  McGuier      .  41 

Mary  A.  McGuier     .  18 

Orison  McGuier   ;     .  15 

Caroline  A.  McGuier  14 

Edwin  C.  McGuier    .  7 

2.  2  Moses  Morse     ...  65 

Hannah  Morse      .     .  61 

Dexter  P.  Morse  .     .  26 

Hannah  P.  Morse      .  22 

3.  3  Edward  P.  Morse      .  33 

Martha  A.  Morse       .  24 

Quincy  A.  Morse      .  2 

Nathaniel  K.  Aglar  .  15 

Caroline  F.  Stone      .  16 

4.  4  Ambrose  Leach    .     .  47 

Julia  Leach      ...  38 

James  L.  Leach    .     .  18 

Frances  E.  Leach      .  15 

Ambrose  A.  Leach    .  8 

LucyA.  Sayward      .  22 

6.  5  Nathan  Daniels,  jun.  49 

Mehitable  Daniels     .  46 

Mar}"-  E.  Daniels  .     .  24 

Joel  Daniels     ...  16 

Levi  Daniels     ...  12 

6.  6  Charles  A.  Hawes      .  31 

Angeline  S.  Hawes  .  29 

Llewellyn  K.  Hawes  .  12 

Ellen  A.  Hawes    .     .  10 

Eliza  M.  Hawes    .     .  7 

Martha  M.  Hawes      .  5 

Harriet  E,.  Hawes      .  3 

Colin  Hawes     ...  1 

7.  7  Amos  Drake     ...  44 

Melancy  Drake     .     .  42 

Oramel  L.  Drake  .     .  20 

Mary  O.  Drake     .     .  16 

Statira  M.  Drake  .     .  14 

Amos  L.  Drake     .     .  4 

8.  8  Benjamin  B.  Hills     .  29 

Amelia  H.  Hills   .     .  25 

Sylvia  A.  Hills     .     1  mo. 

8.  9  ■William  Vaughan      .  36 

-         Abigail  H.  Vaughan  31 


Marv  A.  Vaughan     .  10 

Wm'.  H.  H.  Vaughan  9 

Martha  AnnVaughan  4 

George  Vaughan  .     .  2 
Charles  A.  Vaughan,  8  mo. 

9.10  Joseph  Vaughan  .     .  74 

Hannah  Vaughan      .  68 

Susan  Vaughan     .     ,  31 

Augustus  Vaughan   .  25 

Lucy  L.  Jones       .     .  28 

10.11  Levi  Morse  ....  45 
Eliza  Morse  ...  45 
Caroline  E.  Morse  .  15 
Edwin  L.  Morse  .  .  12 
Levi  li.  Morse ...  7 
John  A.  Morse  .  .  5 
Mary  D.  Taylor  .  10  mo. 
Mansfield  Richards   .  16 

10.12  Nathan  D.  Pay  son  .  25 
Frances  A.  B.  Payson  23 
Clarissa  Post  ...  45 
David  Y.  Post ...  18 
Mary  C.  Post  ...  15 
Joseph  White  ...  19 

11.13  George  W.  Morse  .  36 
Mary  H.  R.  Morse  .  33 
Leslie  M.  Morse  .  .  7 
Sarah  A.  Morse  .  .  3 
Harriet  E.  Morse  .     .  1 

12.14  Gorham  Butler  .  .  40 
Catherine  Butler  .  .  30 
Albion  D.  P.  Butler .  8 
John  G.  Butler  .  .  3 
Adeline  A.  Gallop  .  12 
Marcus  Roakes  .  .  16 
John  O'Connor     .     .  65 

13.15  Daniel  F.  Harding  .  64 
Harriet  Harding  .  ,.  57 
Amos  B.  Harding  .  24 
Henry  F.  Harding  .  23 
Daniel  Harding  .  .  21 
Harriet  Harding   .     .  18 

14.16  John  Butler,  2d  .  .  37 
Ann  M.  Butler  .  .  33 
Gorham  W.Butler  .  12 


UNITED   STATES  CENSUS. 


79 


Simeon  N.  Butler 

9 

Rachel  Walker     .     . 

30 

15.17  John  N.  Fairbanks 

56 

Silas  S.  Walker     .     . 

17 

Martha  Fairbanks 

.     54 

Joseph  Walker      .     . 

23 

Eunice  Dean    .     . 

.     25 

Harriet  Walker     .     . 

14 

Henry  Fairbanks  . 

.     18 

Olinda  Walker      .     . 

11 

George  Fairbanks 

.     15 

Betsey  Walker     .     . 

4 

16.18  Wesley  Butler      . 

32 

26.29  Minot  Tolman  .     .     . 

27 

Sally  Butler     .     . 

63 

Harriet  A.  Tolman    . 

24 

17.19  Christopher  Butler 

30 

John  B.  Robbins  .     . 

42 

Sarah  Butler    .     . 

24 

Henrv  Tolman      .     . 

15 

Elizabeth  Butler  . 

6 

27.30  David  Hull      .     .     . 

52 

Lydia  A.  Butler   . 

3 

Mary  N.  Hull .     .     . 

47 

William  0.  Butler 

1 

Emily  F.  Hull      .     . 

14 

17.20  John  Butler     .     . 

69 

Ann  A.  Hull   .     .     . 

18 

Hannah  Butler     . 

70 

Caroline  E.  Hull  .     . 

12 

18.21  Luther  Gould  .     . 

22 

George  Evans  Hull  . 

5 

Sarah  Gould     .     . 

31 

28.31  Calvin  Hemenway     . 

32 

James  Gould    .     . 

5 

Louisa  Hemenway    . 

28 

19.22  Thurston  Whiting 

.     42 

Calvin  Hemenway     . 

6 

Lydia  G.  Whiting 

36 

Alfred  Davis    .     .     . 

18 

Frederic  P.  Whiting 

6 

29.32  Miles  Hemenway .     . 

40 

Mary  B.  Whiting  . 

4 

Mary  A.  Hemenway 

29 

Ralph  W.  Rising  . 

11 

Julia  A.  Hemenway 

14 

Orren  Davis     .     . 

15 

Hiram  B.  Hemenway 

10 

20.23  Simeon  Noyes,  jun. 

29 

Addison  Hemenway . 

9 

Elizabeth  T.  Noyes 

22 

Rufus  L.  Hemenway 

3 

Georgiana  Noyes 

2 

30.33  John  Hemenway  .     . 

69 

George  Fred.  Noyes, 

.  mo. 

Mehitable  Hemenway 

62 

Achsah  Chase  .     . 

51 

31.34  Danf.  Blackington     . 

43 

Edward  L.  Whitney 

25 

Louisa  Blackington  . 

33 

21.24  John  Hemenway,  j  un 

.    38 

Rufus  Blackington    . 

15 

Harriet  N.Hemenwaj 

r     35 

Ellis  G.  Blackington 

12 

Ann  Fogler      .     . 

65 

Charles  Blackington . 

8 

22.25  Nathaniel  Robbins 

45 

Esth.  A.  Blackington 

2 

Harriet  Robbins    . 

40 

32.35  Mark  Young    .     .     . 

31 

Frances  A.  Robbins 

18 

Jane  P.  Young      .     . 

27 

Ann  E.  Robbins    . 

16 

William  A.  Young    . 

6 

Lovey  W.  Robbins 

15 

Leurissa  Young    .     . 

5 

Edward  K.  Robbins 

11 

Harriet  Young      .     . 

23 

23.26  Gilb.  M.  Blackington 

L    47 

33.36  John  Briggs      .     .     . 

53 

Lois  Blackington  . 

41 

Eliza  Briggs      .     .     . 

43 

Benj.  B.  Blackingtor 

L     22 

Lewis  B.  Briggs    .     . 

13 

Gilb.  M.  Blackington 

21 

William  J.  Briggs      . 

7 

Selina  Butler   .     . 

22 

Gilbert  B.  Briggs  .     . 

5 

Jacob  W.  Butler  . 

15 

Ann  E.  Briggs      .     . 

3 

Cordelia  Briggs     . 

15 

John  Walker  Briggs . 

1 

24.27  Samuel  Quiggle,  jun 

38 

34.37  Abel  Walker    .     .     . 

71 

Clem' tine  Q.  Quiggle 

37 

Polly  Walker  .     .     . 

69 

Gilford  W.  Quiggle 

9 

Alanson  Walker  .     . 

30 

Sarah  A.  Quiggle 

7 

.    Marcus  Walker     .     . 

26 

Margaret  A.  Quiggle 

5 

Elzira  Walker .     .     . 

22 

Samuel  Quiggle    . 

78 

Martha  M.  Walker    . 

14 

25.28  Silas  Walker    .     . 

46 

35.38  Samuel  Haskell    ..    . 

33 

80 

POPULATION. 

Adeline  Haskell 

.     34 

42.47  Erastus  St.  Clair  .     . 

36 

Mary  Haskell  . 

.     .       9 

Sarah  E.  St.  Clair      . 

29 

Flotillah  Haskell 

.     .      7 

William  B.  St.  Clair  . 

13 

Delia  Ann  Haskell    .       2 

John  L.  St.  Clair  .     . 

8 

Laura  Haskell 

.     2  mo. 

Eliza  E.  St.  Clair  .     . 

5 

36.39  Josh.  W.  Wentworth     35 

Henry  F.  St.  Clair     . 

1 

Beulah  Wentworth  .     36 

James  St.  Clair     .     . 

73 

Laura  E.  Wentworth       8 

Sarah  S.  St.  Clair      . 

71 

Marcus  E.  Wentworth       4 

Caleb  P.  Butler     .     . 

21 

MarcellusWentworth       2 

43.48 

William  Hilt    .     .     . 

42 

36.40  Calvin  Boggs    . 

.     .     40 

Emeline  Hilt    .     .     . 

34 

Adeline  Boggs 

.     .     40 

Mary  A.  Hilt   .     .     . 

14 

Amelia  Boggs  . 

.     .     15 

Martha  J.  Hilt      .     . 

13 

Matilda  Boggs . 

.     .     15 

John  L.  Hilt     .     .     . 

8 

Martha  Boggs  . 

.     .       9 

Elsie  G.  Hilt    .     .     . 

11 

Henry  Boggs   . 

.     .      7 

William  E.  Hilt    .     . 

3 

Mary  Boggs      . 

.    .      7 

Lusena  D.  Hilt     .     . 

2 

Lucinda  Boggs 

.     .       6 

Henry  Peabody    .     . 

16 

Sally  Cooper    . 

.     .     79 

44.49 

Sterling  Davis .     .     . 

46 

36.41  Diana  Bobbins 

.     .     74 

Betsey  Davis    .     .     . 

44 

37.42  David  E.  Gardner 

.     39 

Lusena  C.  Davis  .     . 

21 

Diana  S.  Gardner 

.     41 

Joseph  M.  Davis  .     . 

16 

Hannah  S.  Gardn 

er  .       9 

Henry  Bobbins      .     . 

31 

Ellis  S.  Gardner 

.     .       6 

45.50  John  W.  Lermond    . 

36 

Abigail  Rollins 

.     .     71 

Sabra  Lermond      .     . 

41 

38.43  Wilbur  Davis  . 

.     43 

Andrew  J.  Lermond 

19 

Rosanna  Davis 

.     .     41 

Lucy  Lermond      .     . 

70 

Oscar  Davis      . 

.     20 

Artemas  Howard .     . 

30 

Benjamin  B.  Davi 

s    .     18 

46.51 

Jason  Davis      ,     .     . 

49 

Dexter  Davis   . 

.     15 

Chloe  Davis      .     .     . 

63 

Elisha  H.  Davis 

.     15 

Jane  Davis  .... 

19 

Edwin  Davis    . 

.     13 

Roxana  Davis  .     ,     . 

14 

Sarah  E.  Davis 

.     10 

Chloe  A.  Davis     .     . 

13 

Emily  Davis     . 

,       8 

Elvira  Davis     .     .     . 

8 

Alice  J.  Davis . 

.      7 

William  Davis      .     . 

17 

Marshall  W.  Davi 

8     .         1 

Josiah  A.  Maxcy  .     . 

9 

39.44  Henry  D.  Fuller 

.     41 

Ebenezer  Bobbins      . 

40 

Eliza  Fuller      . 

.     35 

47.62  Fisher  A.  Daniels      . 

41 

Charles  Fuller 

.     15 

Julia  A.  Daniels  .     . 

41 

Oliver  K.  Fuller 

.     13 

Obadiah  G.  Daniels  . 

16 

Nelson  Fuller  . 

.     11 

Amanda  A.  Taylor    . 

10 

Henry  E,  Fuller 

.       9 

48.53 

Joseph  Daniels      .     . 

43 

Antoinette  L.  Ful 

ler       4 

Sarah  Daniels  .     .     . 

37 

Paulina  Newcomt 

.     11 

Edwin  R.  Daniels      . 

19 

40.45  Jolm  Heisler    . 

.     28 

Lucy  R.  Daniels  . 

16 

Rachel  Heisler 

.     21 

Sarah  E.  Daniels  .     . 

14 

Mary  E.  Heisler 

.       6 

Zilpah  E.  Daniels      . 

11 

Sarah  E.  Heisler 

9  mo. 

Lois  A.  Daniels    .     . 

6 

41.46  John  Newcomb 

.     48 

Frances  E.  Daniels    . 

1 

Nancy  Newcomb 

.     32 

48.54 

Nathan  Daniels    .     . 

79 

Lucretia  Newcom 

b    .     15 

Lavinia  Daniels    .     . 

27 

Eliza  Newcomb 

.       8 

49.55  John  Payson    .     .     . 

68 

Orrett  Newcomb 

.       2 

Lois  Payson    ... 

52 

UNITED   STATES   CENSUS. 


81      - 


John  Ellis  Payson 

23 

James  W.  Spear 

.     18 

George  W.  Payson 

22 

58.65  Winslow  B.  Hastings     32 

Eliza  A.  Payson   . 

19 

Martha  J.  Hasting 

s  ,     27 

James  M.  Payson 

14 

Le  Forest  Hastings   .       2 

Fisher  D.  Pa5^son 

10 

Daniel  Titus     . 

.     21 

50.56  Milton  Daniels 

47 

59.66  William  H.  Gowen  .     29 

Nancy  Daniels 

32 

Louisa  A.  Gowen 

.     22 

Lewis  R.  Daniels 

19 

60.67  Emery  Thomas 

.     28 

Lucy  A.  Daniels  . 

13 

Eliza  A.  Thomas 

.     28 

Laura  M.  Daniels 

8 

William  C.  Thomas  .       4 

51.57  Aurel.  P.  Lawrence 

26 

Emery  F.  Thomas 

.       2 

Huldah  Lawrence 

30 

61.68  Edward  V.  ColHn 

3    .     59 

Aurel.  L.  Lawrence 

2 

Sarah  Collins   . 

.     57 

52.58  Levi  V.  Hastings  . 

34 

John  T.  Collins 

.     27 

Abigail  Hastings  . 

32 

Tryphena  Moore 

.     26 

Laura  M.  Hastings 

5 

Albert  D.  Moore 

.     28 

Thaddeus  Hastings 

27 

Almina  J.  Collins 

.     19 

53.59  John  Lermond 

40 

Leonidas  E.  Collins  .     16 

Hannah  Lermond 

38 

62.69  Lydia  Skinner. 

.     53 

Adelbert  Lermond 

12 

Henry  Skinner 

.     30 

John  F.  Lermond 

10 

Joseph  Skinner 

.     22 

Eliza  E.  Lermond 

8 

Sanford  Skinner 

.     20 

Frederic  Lermond 

4 

Lois  Skinner    . 

.     18 

Ansel  Hastings     . 

24 

Sylvia  J.  Skinner 

.     16 

Geo.  W.  Thompson 

25 

Lydia  Skinner . 

.     11 

Charles  Pratt   .     . 

27 

Louisa  Skinner 

.     .     20 

Clarissa  Webster  . 

18 

63.70  Jane  Davis  .     . 

.     .     77 

53.60  Nancy  Lermond   . 

77 

64.71  Mark  Davis      . 

.     .     74 

54.61  E.  G.  D.  Beveridge 

35 

Betsey  Davis   . 

.     .     71 

Martha  Beveridge 

24 

Mary  Davis 

.     .     38 

George  W.  Beveridge     26 

65.72  George  S.  Littlehale      34 

Martha  F.  Beveridge 

22 

Jane  W.  Littlehale    .     26 

Llejv'd  M.  Beveridge 

1 

James  R.  Littlehale  .       7 

55.62  Elbridge  Lermond 

.     37 

George  A.  Littlehale       4 

Huldah  Lermond 

.     32 

Carol.  M.  Littlehale  .       1 

Ephraim  Lermond 

.     16 

Susan  Littlehale 

.     .     64 

Julia  Lermond 

11 

Maxcy  Davis    . 

.     .     24 

Albert  S.  Lermond 

10 

Joseph  Durgin 

.     15 

Elbridge  G.  Lermond       8 

66.73  Horace  Miller  . 

.     .     37 

Huldah  E.  Lermond 

5 

Miriam  H.  Miller 

.     36 

Frank  J.  Lermond 

4 

Martha  S.  Miller 

.     14 

56.63  Nathaniel  Lothrop 

28 

Dudley  Miller . 

.     10 

Mary  H.  Lothrop 

26 

Mary  0.  Miller 

.       3 

Manford  N.  Lothrop 

.     2 

66.74  Joseph  Miller  . 

.     72 

Edwin  N.  Lothrop 

2  mo. 

Betsey  Miller  . 

.     66 

Charles  Murphy    . 

18 

67.75  Charles  Miller . 

.     39 

57.64  Lewis  Andrews     . 

40 

Lucy  Miller      . 

.     41 

Sarah  Andrews     . 

35 

George  A.  Miller 

.     15 

Angelina  Andrews 

16 

Julia  D.  Miller 

.     14 

Adelia  Andrews    . 

13 

John  A.  Miller 

.     10 

Amanda  Andrews 

8 

Sarah  A.  Miller 

.       5 

Virginia  Andrews 

6 

Charles  A.  Miller 

.       4 

Lewis  F.  Andrews 

1 

Mary  E.  Miller 

.       2 

POPULATION. 


68.76 
69.77 

70.78 

71.79 
72.80 


73.81 


Wm.  H.  Burroughs  .  42 

Frances  Burroughs   .  35 

Henry  Burroughs      .  2 

Amos  Walker  ...  72 

Judith  Walker      .     .  69 

Joel  A.  Walker     .     .  28 

Isaac  Walker   ...  26 

John  Drake      ...  70 

Margaretta  Drake      .  42 

Samandel  Drake  .     .  20 

George  Drake  ...  16 

Lydia  Drake     ...  23 

Charles  Drake ...  22 

Jesse  Drake      ...  68 

Polly  Drake     ...  61 

Millard  G.  Drake      .  28 

Josiah  Drake    ...  19 

Mary  F.  Gay    ...  14 

John  M.  Thorndike  .  66 

Betsey  Thorndike      .  56 

Wm.  H.  Thorndike  .  34 

Abigail  C.  Thorndike  29 

Mary  Thorndike  .     .  23 

George  W.  Thorndike  21 

John  E.  Thorndike    .  18 

Sarah  B.  Thorndike  .  15 

Lucy  E.  Thorndike  .  10 

John  S.  Dunton   .     .  33 

Joanna  Dunton    .     .  42 

John  C.  Gay    .     .     .  22 

Olive  D.  Gay  ...  19 

James  Gay  ....  17 

Sarah  W.  Gay ...  16 

F.  Ellen  Dunton  .     .  10 

Lucy  E.  Dunton  .     .  7 

Gavanus  Dunton .     .  6 

Charles  R.  Dunton   .  4 

Sophia  J.  Dunton      .  3 
Lauretta  A.  Dunton,  1  mo. 


74.82 


75.83 


Martha  H.  Gay 
John  Curtis 
Luther  Drake  . 
Abigail  P.  Drake 
Lusena  A.  Drake 
Melvina  O.  Drake 
Louisa  J.  Drake 
Luther  Drake  . 
Almond  G.  Drake 
Albert  K.  Drake 
Julia  A.  Davis 
Ebenezer  Aldon 
Patience  Alden 
Augustus  Alden 


.  21 
.  84 
.  35 
.  30 
.  11 
.  9 
.  6 
.  4 
.  2 
1  mo. 
.  19 
.  75 
.  68 
.     34 


Margaret  Alden    . 
Patience  G.  Alden 
George  A.  Alden 
Edward  Alden 

76.84  Christopher  Young 
Nancy  Young .     .     , 
Robert  T.  Young . 
Mary  Rollins    . 

77.85  John  Jones  .  .  .  , 
Abigail  Jones  .  .  , 
William  H.  Jones 
Abigail  Jones  .  .  , 
John  E.  Jones  .  .  , 
Augustus  Jones  .  , 
Eugene  Jones  .     .     , 

78.86  Benjamin  L.  Jones  . 
Jane  M.  Jones  .  .  . 
Louise  Jones  .  .  . 
Celeste  Jones   .     .     . 

79.87  Andrew  Libbey  .  . 
Aroline  E.  Libbey  . 
Martha  J.  Libbey 

80.88  Samuel  Bowker  .  . 
Elizabeth  E.  Bowker 
Charles  I.  Bowker 

81.89  Joshua  S.  Greene . 
Sarah  H.  Greene  . 
William  Greene  . 
Charles  Greene     . 

82.90  John  W.  C.  Lord 
Priscilla  Lord  .  . 
George  F.  Lord  . 
Lucy  O.  Lord  .  . 
Cyrus  W.  Lord  . 
Ellen  V.  Lord  ...  9 
Martha  P.  Lord  .  .  7 
Priscilla  G.  Lord  .  .  6 
Ann  Lord  ....  3 
John  E.  Lord  .     .     4  mo. 

83.91  Ebenezer  Cobb  .  .  56 
Patience  M.  Cobb  .  53 
David  B.  Cobb  .  .  16 
Marcellus  L.  Cobb  .  13 
EUzabeth  Lermond  .  26 
Ambrose  Wellman    .     20 

83.92  Rufus  Gillmor  .  .  80 
Sarah  Gillmor  ...  80 
Lusena  Crowell  .  .  57 
Darius  Bump   ...     21 

84.93  ZuingHus  Collins .  .  38 
Julia  A.  Collins  .  .  28 
Leroy  Z.  Collins  ,  .  6 
Azelia  M.  Collins      .      2 


35 
6 

2 
28 

00 

50 

23 

17 

59 

58 

25 

21 

19 

17 

7 

31 

24 

3 

2 

29 

27 

3 

36 

28 

5  mo. 

.     40 

.     44 


4 
39 
39 
14 
12 
11 


UNITED    STATES   CENSUS. 


m 


Elkanah  Wingate  .  32 

Helen  Wingate .     .  22 

Loammi  Cummings  20 

Samuel  G.  Hills     .  20 

Ziba  Simmons  .     .  19 

James  Stevens  .     .  21 

Frank  Stevens  .     .  26 

Peter  Adams     .     .  16 

Ebenezer  Handay  .  29 

Harriet  Bachelder .  22 

85.94  Samuel  Cummings  41 
Paulina  Cummings  25 
Vilet.  A.Cummings  11 
Elv.  P.Cummings,  1  mo. 
Benjamin  Achorn  .  40 

86.95  Jesse  VV.  Payson  .  34 
Abigail  H.  Payson  27 
Matilda  H.  Payson  5 

,87.96  AsaMesser  ...  35 

Hannah  A.  Messer  36 

Caroline  M.  Messer  5 

Caroline  Messer     .  20 

88.97  Isaac  Flitner  .  .  40 
Clem'te  S.  Flitner  .  29 
Georga.  A.  Flitner  7 
George  F.  Flitner  .  3 

89.98  Nathan  B.  Kobbins  34 
Abigail  C.  Robbins  31 
Levi  M.  Robbins  .  6 
Edgar  M.  Robbins .  4 
Nathan  D.  Robbins  1 

90.99  Ward  Adams  .  .  37 
Martha  O.  Adams .  36 
Martha  M.S.Adams  11 
Wesley  F.  Adams  .  9 
Olivia  C.  Adams  .  7 
ElvertonW.  Adams  2 
Harriet  Young  .     .  24 

91.100  Nelson  Cutler  .  .  45 
Love  T.  Cutler .  .  39 
John  E.  Cutler  .  .  19 
Mary  C.  Cutler  .  16 
Caroline  M.  Cutler  13 
Charles  H.  Cutler.  11 
Frank  M.  Cutler  .  8 
Clara  A.  Cutler  .  4 
Coraella  Cutler .     6  mo. 

92.101  Edward  Hills  .  .  34 
Almena  D.  Hills  .  25 
Hiram  A.  Hills  .  .  2 
Helen  M.  Hills .  6  mo. 
Samuel  Hills,  jun.  22 

93.102  William  E.  Cobb  .  26 


Elvira  E.-W.  Cobb  26 

William  Adams      .  30 

Warren  Wentworth  28 

Andrew  Benner     .  30 

Joseph  Morse    .     .  36 

Joseph  O.  Cobb     .  23 
Sarah  Lehr  .     .     .24 

Rufus  Prescott .     .  16 

94.103  Elijah  Vose  .  .  .  43 
Mary  B.  Vose  .  .  30 
Helen  A.  Vose  .  .  6 
Mary  T.  Vose    .    6  mo. 

-  Elijah  V.  HaskeU  .  12 

95.104  Nathl.  K.  Burkett  38 
Polly  Burkett  .  .  35 
Isaac  H.  Burkett  .  14 
Oscar  A.  Burkett  .  13 
Mary  A.  Burkett  .  10 
Ellen  M.  Burkett  .  8 
Elias  Burkett    .     .  1 

96.105  Lewis  Robbins  .  .  67 
Phebe  Robbins  .  63 
LewisRobbins,jun.  33 
Matilda  Robbins  .  22 
Roscoe  B.  Robbins  3 

-  -  Charles  Robbins    .  1 

Johnson  Miller .     .  18 

97.106  Fisher  Hart  .  .  .  66 
Matilda  Hart  .  .  45 
Adelph.  L.  Bartlett  17 
Fostina  M.  Bartlett  20 
Martha  Cromett     .  13 

98.107  Samuel  Hills  .  .  70 
Israel  Hills  ...  31 
Sarah  Hills  ...  20 
Laura  A.  Brown    .  19 

99.108  Josiah  Sterling  .  .  53 
Caroline  Sterling  .  50 
William  Sterling  .  21 
Jane  Sterling  .  .  17 
George  W.  Sterling  19 
Martha  A.  Sterling  15 
Caroline  R.Sterling  13 
Thurston  J.  Sterling  7 
Eliza  B.  Jameson  .  18 

100.109  Joshua  Morse    .     .  48 

Reliance  Morse      .  48 

Clara  Morse ...  23 

Elijah  Morse      .     .  26 

Louisa  Morse    .     .  .21 

Reliance  Morse      .  19 

Delora  Morse    .     .  17 

Susanna  Morse .     .  15 


S4 


POPULATION. 


Harriet  Morse  .     . 

13 

Wm.  M.  Robbins  . 

19 

Celestia  Morse  .     . 

12 

Wd.  Robbins,  jun. 

17 

Anthony  A.  Morse 

9 

Nathl.  A.  Robbins 

16 

Chester  L.  Morse  . 

7 

Adelbt.  P.  Robbins 

13 

101.110  Horatio  N.  Clouse 

28 

Augusta  A.  Robbins 

9 

Olive  Clouse     .     . 

66 

Edwin  L.  Robbins . 

6 

102.111  Nathan  Hills    .     . 

66 

109.119  Sylv's  H.  Peabody 

28 

Polly  Hills   .     .     . 

62 

Harriet  Peabody    . 

27 

Silas  Hills    .     .     . 

23 

Lauraette  Peabody 

3 

Matilda  Hills    .     . 

19 

Fancina  E.Peabody 

1 

Reuben  Dickey     . 

18 

Cyrenus  Peabody,  3 

mo. 

103.112  William  Caswell   . 

47 

110.120  Micajah  G.  Morse  . 

31 

Eunice  Caswell     . 

39 

Elizabeth  TJ.  Morse 

31 

Ethelbert  Caswell . 

13 

Helen  L.  Morse     . 

6 

Augustus  Caswell 

11 

Ann  E.  Morse    .  2 

mo. 

Elmira  Caswell      . 

18 

Jonathan  Morse     . 

74 

Amos  Caswell  .     . 

9 

Margaret  Demuth . 

66 

Melinda  Caswell    . 

7 

111.121  John  Little  .     .     . 

74 

Hannah  M.Caswell 

4 

Sarah  Little       .     . 

72 

Nathaniel  Caswell 

2 

Lydia  Little      .     . 

60 

Oscar  Caswell   .    8 

mo. 

John  M.  Little  .     . 

25 

104.113  George  Silloway    . 

67 

112.122  Charles  Fogler  .     . 

40 

Charles  Stearns 

12 

Martha  Fogler  .     . 

47 

Amelia  Fuller  .     . 

10 

Cyrus  N.  Fogler    . 

16 

Pardon  Robbins    . 

21 

Mary  F.  Fogler      . 

13 

104.114  Eunice  Hart     .     . 

35 

John  F.  Fogler 

11 

Diantha  Hart    .     . 

13 

Martha  Ann  Fogler 

9 

Martha  Hart     .     , 

11 

Edward  Tv  Nye     . 

24 

106.115  Josiah  Hills.     .     . 

61 

113.123  Silas  Hawes.     .     . 

28 

Mehitable  Hills     . 

66 

Margaret  Hawes    . 

24 

Joel  Hills     .     .     . 

20 

Emma  F.  Hawes   6 

mo. 

Enoch  Hills      .     . 

20 

114.124  Isaac  C.  Hovey      . 

31 

Minerva  Hills   .     . 

13 

Roxana  N.  Hovey 

24 

Stephen  Hills   .     . 

32 

Harriet  L.  Hovey  . 

5 

106.116  Jonathan  Eastman 

63 

Sarah  Hovey     .     . 

2 

Nancy  Eastman     . 

66 

James  Barker    .     . 

21 

Nancy  Eastman     . 

31 

116.125  George  Fossett 

38 

Elvira  Eastman     . 

29 

Sarah  Fossett    .     . 

32 

Joseph  Eastman     . 

27 

James  Fossett   .     . 

9 

Benjamin  Eastman 

23 

George  M.  Fossett 

5 

Louisa  Eastman     . 

21 

Abigail  Keene  .     . 

19 

Eveline  Eastman  . 

19 

Caroline  Keene 

20 

Aug'tine  Eastman 

17 

116.126  John  Burkett    .     . 

69 

Austin  Lawrence  . 

15 

Abigail  Burkett     . 

63 

107.117  Jonathan  Sibley    . 

77 

117.127  Bradley  R.  Mo  wry 

64 

William  C.  Sibley . 

43 

Rhobe  G.  Mowry  . 

49 

Mary  McCurdy 

67 

Harriet  R.  Mowry 

23 

Sarah  K.  McCurdy 

17 

Emeline  H.  Mowry 

21 

Franklin  Fairbanks 

16 

Ann  M.  Mowry     . 

21 

108.118  Willard  Kobbins    . 

60 

Augustus  Mowry . 

18 

Deb'h  W.  Robbins 

49 

Irene  Mowry     .     . 

16 

Nancy  E.  Robbins . 

26 

Oscarene  Mowry   . 

16 

Deb'h  M.  Robbins 

21 

Mortim.  H.  Mowry 

14 

UNITED   STATES   CENSUS. 


sr) 


Josephine  Mowry  . 

10 

Jo.  Alb.  Vaughan . 

6 

118.128 

Ambrose  Linniken 

24 

Mary  F.  Vaughan . 

4 

Lois  A.  Linniken  . 

23 

HewetC.Vaughan,4 

mo. 

AnnE.Linniken,  11 

mo. 

127.137 

John  Pardoe      .     . 

36 

Heman  Achorn      . 

15 

Mary  Pardoe     .     . 

37 

119.129 

Church  Burton 

42 

M.  Ellen  Pardoe    . 

6 

Ann  Lewis  Burton 

39 

John  Pardoe,  jun.  . 

5 

Nancy  Burton  .     . 

14 

Marcus  Pardoe .     . 

3 

Benjamin  Burton  . 

11 

Nancy  Butler    .     . 

53 

Mary  A.  Burton    . 

9 

128.138 

James  P.  Davis 

22 

Isabel  Burton    .     . 

7 

Lydia  S.  Davis  .     . 

17 

Estella  Burton  .     . 

4 

Catharine  Davis     . 

52 

John  C.  Burton     6 

mo. 

129.139 

Asa  Pitcher .     .     . 

43 

Warren  Hills    .     . 

18 

Paulina  Pitcher     . 

42 

Ehzabeth  Gay  .     . 

29 

130.140 

Lyman  Alden   .     . 

41 

120.130 

Asa  Andrews    .     . 

37 

Sarah  Eliz.  Alden . 

39 

Selina  Andrews     . 

27 

Helen  L.  Alden     . 

13 

John  H.  Andrews . 

6 

Eugene  B.  Alden  . 

11 

George  A.Andrews 

5 

Lyman  M.  Alden  . 

7 

Sarah  L.  Andrews 

2 

Henry  E.  Alden     . 

3 

Car.  A.  Andrews,  8 

mo. 

131.141 

John  Williams  .     . 

36 

Charles  W.  Post    . 

21 

Sarah  Williams      . 

34 

Arav.  C.  Andrews 

20 

George  F.Williams 

6 

121.131 

Daniel  R,.  Ryan     . 

19 

Aug.  E.  Williams . 

3 

Cordelia  R.  Ryan  . 

19 

Chas.  F.  Williams . 

17 

John  W.  Ryan .     7 

mo. 

132.142 

Phillips  C.  Harding 

50 

122.132  John  F.  Hart    .     . 

54 

Parney  Harding     . 

59 

Mary  Hart    .     .     . 

54 

Francis  Harding    . 

26 

Willard  Hart    .     . 

30 

John  Harding   .     . 

25 

Lucy  Ann  Hart     . 

24 

Abigail  C.  Harding 

21 

Avery  S.  Hart  .     . 

23 

■ 

Harriet  Harding    . 

19 

Abigail  S.  Hart      . 

20 

Oren  Harding   .     . 

22 

William  Hart    .     . 

16 

John  Whittemore . 

42 

John  A.  Hart    .     . 

14 

133.143 

Joseph  Gleason 

48 

Edwin  H.  Hart      . 

11 

134.144 

SavilleMetcalf.     . 

41 

Miriam  Hart      .     . 

82 

Lois  Metcalf     .     . 

41 

Luther  Hart      .     . 

75 

Caroline  P.  Metcalf 

13 

123.133 

Saml.  M.  Howland 

35 

Hannah  E.  Metcalf 

10 

Lydia  T.  Howland 

38 

Stephen  L.  Metcalf 

9 

Abby  I.  Howland . 

12 

Saville  D.  Metcalf. 

5 

Saml.  D.  Howland 

9 

James  C.  Metcalf  . 

1 

Osgood  Howland  . 

5 

135.145 

James  B.  Morse     . 

27 

124.134 

George  H.  Jones   . 

34 

Mary  A.  Morse 

26 

Caroline  A.  Jones . 

32 

136.146 

Edmund  Crowell  . 

43 

Caroline  S.  Jones  . 

1 

Jane  W.  Crowell  . 

37 

125.135 

Barzil.  G.  Whiting 

35 

Edmd.  Crowell,  jun. 

2 

Nancy  Whiting      . 

68 

Delia  Crowell    .     . 

1 

126.136 

Jo.  Vaugham  jun. 
Joanna  Yaufhan   . 

38 

Mary  Martin     .     . 

18 

37 

Albert  Tobey    .     . 

15 

Lewis  Vaughan     . 

15 

137.147 

Philo  Thurston,  jun 

30 

Celest.  A.  Vaughan 

13 

Olive  Thurston      . 

31 

Helen  Vaughan     . 

11 

WillisE.Thurston,7 1 

mo. 

Edwin  M.  Vaughan 

9 

138.148 

William  Gleason  . 

44 

86 


POPULATION. 


Lydia  Gleason  .     .  43 

Abigail  C.  Gleason  19 

Micajah  Gleason    .  15 

Hannah  I.  Gleason  1 1 

Helen  E.  Gleason  .  8 

Edward  Gleason    .  6 

139.149  Spencer  Walcott  .  43 
Esther  P.  Walcott  44 
Hannah  Walcott  .  19 
Loana  M.  Walcott  14 
Mary  A.  Walcott  .  13 
Sanf'd  H.  Walcott  11 
Joseph  D.  Walcott  9 
M'tha  C.  Walcott,  10  mo. 
Hannah  Walcott  .  75 
Spencer  W.  Hills  .  25 

140.150  Charles  Young .  .  43 
Betsey  Young  .  .  36 
Rosanna  A.  Young  15 
George  A.  Young  .  6 

141.151  Noah  S.  Rice  .  .  37 
Augusta  D.  Rice  .  30 
Caroline  L.  Rice  .  8 
Henry  Clay  Rice  .  6 

142.152  James  Grinnell  .  52 
Sarah  Grinnell .  .  53 
John  Grinnell  .  .  26 
Juha  M.  Grinnell .  21 
Royal  Grinnell  .  18 
James  A.  Grinnell  15 
Laurette  Grinnell' .  9 

143.153  Benjamin  Walker  .  62 
Elizabeth  Walker  .  64 
Eliz'th  M.  Walker  33 

144.154  SimonM.Thompson  42 
D.W.  P.  Thompson  16 

145.155  Phinehas  Butler  .  62 
Silence  Butler  .  .  57 
PhmehasW.  Butler  16 

146.156  Charles  Sumner  .  58 
Nancy  Sumner .  .  53 
Hannah  F.  Sumner  30 
Wm.  O.  Sumner  .  28 
Eliz'th  M.  Sumner  26 
James  S.  Sumner  .  24 
Jane  R.  Sumner  .  22 
Irene  V.  Sumner  .  19 
Charles  J.  Sumner  17 
Priscilla  D.Sumner  13 
Lucy  A.  Sumner  .  1 1 
Geo.  F.  D.  Sumner  8 

147.167  John  Kimball    .     .  44 

M'garet  J.  Kimball  41 


Nathl.  M.  Kimball  14 

John  L.  Kimball    .  11 

Banning  P.  Kimball  8 

Myra  A.  Kimball  .  4 

148.158  George  W.  Butler  .  41 
Eleanor  Butler .  .  41 
Susan  R.  Butler  .  17 
Mary  Ann  Butler  .  15 
Hosea  C.  Butler  .  13 
John  S.  Butler .  .  11 
Albert  E.  Butler    .  8 

149.159  Matthias  Butler  .  25 
Liana  E.  Butler  .  19 
Amina  C.  Butler  .  3 
Azelia  M.  Butler  .  1 

150.160  Sarah  Butler  .  .  54 
Harriet  Morton  .  11 
Ephraim  U.  Butler  20 

151.161  Israel  Barker  .  .  47 
Mary  Barker  .  .  43 
Marston  Barker  .  14 
Mary  E.  Barker  .  11 
Wm.  H.  H.  Barker  9 
Julia  M.  Barker     .  6 

152.162  Story  Thompson  .  33 
Hannah  Thompson  33 
Ehas  R.  Thompson  10 
Julia  A.  Thompson  7 
Gilb.  M.  Thompson  3 
C.  S.  Thompson  .  1 
William  Harriman  44 
Amb'se  Thompson  20 
John  Thompson  .  57 
Martha  Thompson  62 

153.163  James  Thompson  .  46 
Harriet  Thompson  41 
Solomon  Thompson  20 
Erast.  C.  Thompson  16 
Aug'tine  Thompson  1 4 
Lucy  E.  Thompson  1 1 
Martha  J.  Thompson  10 
Lewis  Thompson  .  7 

154.164  Nathan  Whitney  .  50 
Clarissa  Whitney  .  39 

155.165  Thomas  C.  Nye  .  37 
Amanda  J.  Nye  .  30 
Emma  A.  Nye  .  '.  8 
Vienna  C.  Stetson  23 
Anna  Nye    ...  73 

156.166  Charles  F.  Blake  .  35 
Jane  Blake  ...  65 
Emily  R.  B.  Dorman  40 
Theron  Blake    .     .  27 


UNITED   STATES   CENSUS. 


87 


157.167  Caleb  Haddocks    . 

49 

Wm.  M.  Stewart  . 

7 

Nancy  Maddocks  . 

57 

Ann  M.  Stewart    . 

1 

Geo.  L.  Maddocks . 

23 

169.179  Eunice  Lincoln      . 

50 

Angeline  Maddocks 

17 

Lemuel  Lincoln     . 

17 

Ira  Maddocks    .     . 

19 

Alvan  Lincoln  .     . 

14 

Aaron  Maddocks  . 

18 

Berthana  Lincoln  . 

12 

Nancy  Maddocks  . 

15 

Joshua  Lincoln      . 

10 

Susan'h  Maddocks 

13 

Eldora  G.  Lincoln . 

2 

158.168  Henry  Butler   .     . 

38 

170.180  Willard  Lucas  .     . 

44/ 

Mary  Butler      .     . 

40 

Anna  Lucas .     .     . 

40 

Thomas  J.  Butler  . 

11 

Mary  F.  Lucas  .     . 

20 

Rhoda  Butler    .     . 

5 

Austin  Lucas    .     . 

18 

Huldah  T.  Butler,  3 

mo. 

Amanda  Lucas 

16 

Geo.  L.  Maddocks 

22 

Martha  A.  Lucas  . 

13 

159.169  Moses  Hawes    .     . 

33 

Eliza  F.  Lucas  .     . 

11 

Lucinda  Hawes 

30 

Harrison  F.  Lucas . 

4 

Elizabeth  Libbey  . 

67 

171.181 

Ebenez.  McPheters 

42 

Sarah  Jackson  .     . 

15 

Sarah  McPheters  . 

30 

Rosanna  Fuller 

4 

Albert  McPheters,9 

mo. 

160.170  Abigail  Stewart     . 

65 

Ellen  Jameson  .     . 

5 

161.171  Oren  0.  Stewart    . 

30 

172.182 

John  Lanfest     .     . 

28 

Mary  A.  Stewart  . 

30 

Lavinia  Lanfest     . 

21 

162.172  Waldron  S.  Butler 

49 

Matilda  A.  Lanfest 

1 

Harriet  Butler  .     . 

32 

173.183  Andrew  P.  Gilman 

40 

0.  Nelson  Butler  : 

9 

Sarah  Gilman   .     . 

35 

Eben.  Ed.  Butler  . 

8 

Andrew  Gilman    . 

17 

Thomas  Butler 

1 

Nathl.  P.  Gilman  . 

15 

Jeruel  Butler    .     . 

47 

Alexander  Gilman 

8 

163.173  Thomas  Butler .     . 

80 

Mary  E.  Gilman    . 

5 

164.174  Ebenezer  Blunt      . 

54 

Flora  Gilman    .     . 

2 

Susan  Blunt      .     . 

52 

174.184  StillmanNye     .     . 

27 

Mary  A.  Blunt      . 

19 

Emily  B.  M.  Nye  . 

21 

Martha  Blunt   .     . 

17 

175.185 

Obadiah  Harris 

54 

Betsey  Blunt    .     . 

16 

Mary  Harris      .     . 

54 

Oscar  Blunt      .     . 

7 

Herman  Harris 

22 

165.175  Jacob  Sibley      .     . 

73 

Wm.  S.  Harris  .     . 

20 

Abigail  Sibley  .     . 

71 

Isaac  S.  Harris  .     . 

14 

166.176  Ebenezer  B.  Sibley 

32 

176.186 

Ziba  Simmons  .     . 

60 

Melea  Sibley     .     . 

24 

Hannah  Simmons . 

49 

Lucy  A.  Sibley 

4 

Hervey  B.Simmons 

21 

Eranklin  E.  Sibley 

3 

Mary  Wentworth . 

15 

E.  Elorena  Sibley,  7 

mo. 

Martha  J.  Jameson 

8 

Dudley  Earnham  . 

20 

177.187 

Mary  Simmons.     . 

54 

167.177  Thomas  J.  Blunt  . 

25 

Moses  L.  Simmons 

25 

Nancy  Blunt     .     . 

21 

Luther  L.  Simmons 

23 

Eliza  F.  Blunt  .     . 

2 

Angenon  Simmons 

17 

Martha  A.  Blunt  . 

1 

178.188 

Herman  Mero   .     . 

29 

Daniel  Clark     .     . 

20 

Electa  A.  Mero      . 

25 

168-178  Wm.  D.  Stewart    . 

42 

Arthur  L.  Mero     . 

2 

Maria  Stewart  .     . 

40 

179.189 

John  Lindley    .  '  . 

38 

Harriet  Stewart      . 

15 

M'garet  L.  Lindley 

38 

Sarah  Stewart  .     . 

12 

Catharine  J.  Lindley 

13 

Cyrus  G.  Stewart  . 

10 

Kienzi  M.  Lindley 

11 

88                                          POPULATION. 

Ada  A.  Lindley    . 

9 

187.197  Seth  M.  Cushman  . 

32 

Wm.  L.  Lindley    . 

6 

Lucy  A.  Cushman 

21 

John  W.  Lindley  . 

2 

H'rietV.Cushman,6  mo. 

Eliza  Lindley  .      1  ] 

tno. 

H'riet  M.Sid  dinger 

12 

180.190  John  W.  Lindley  . 

67 

188.198  Jedidiah  Morse 

34 

Lucy  W.  Lindley  . 

66 

Rebecca  B.  Morse . 

28 

Charles  Walter      . 

24 

Alenzer  F.  Morse  . 

3 

181.191  Isley  Martin      .     . 

44 

189.199 

Sarah  Rice   .     .     . 

66 

Eliza  Martin      .     . 

45 

190.200  Edward  Clary  .     . 

George  Y.  Martin  . 

13 

Nancy  Clary     .     . 

Sarah  Martin     .     . 

11 

Caroline  Clary  .     . 

5 

Adam  Martin    .     . 

75 

Josephine  Clary     . 

4 

Mary  Martin     .     . 

67 

Silas  H.  Clary  .     8  mo. 

Francis  Sennott     . 

19 

Betsey  Tuck     .     . 

58 

182.192  Spencer  Mero    .     . 

57 

191.201 

Leonard  Barnard  . 

49 

Esther  Mero      .     . 

53 

Nancy  Barnard 

49 

Elisha  H.  Mero      . 

23 

Charles  A.  Barnard 

25 

Spencer  Mero,  jun. 

20 

Ira  Barnard  .     . 

23 

Sarah  E.  Mero  .     . 

17 

Clarissa  Barnard    . 

20 

Anson  Mero      .     . 

14 

Delora  Barnard 

18 

Chester  Mero    .     . 

9 

Edward  Barnard    . 

15 

183.193  Benj.  Litchfield     . 

68 

192.202  Michael  N.  Filer 

33 

Nancy  Litchfield  . 

58 

Sarah  C.  Filer  . 

28 

Alden  Litchfield    . 

19 

Mary  C.  Filer    .     2  mo. 

Silas  C.  Litchfield . 

16 

193,203 

Suell  Cummings 

61 

Helen  A.  Coombs . 

11 

Sophia  Cummings 

50 

John  H.  Coombs   . 

9 

Lydia  M.  Cummings  25 

Nancy  A.  Coombs . 

7 

Maria  Cummings 

20 

Hannah  Libbey      . 

16 

Delana  Cummings 

18 

18  i.  194  Marlboro'  Packard 

46 

Nancy  Cummings 

16 

Mary  A.  Packard  . 

42 

Suell  Cummings 

13 

Nathan  Packard    . 

17 

Wm.  A.  Cummings 

,       8 

Benaiah  Packard  . 

14 

194.204 

Joseph  Irish 

33 

Martin  Packard      . 

12 

Cordelia  Irish    . 

32 

Mary  C.  Packard  . 

10 

Milton  Irish 

9 

Eranklin  C.Packard 

8 

Mary  E.  Irish    . 

3 

Wm.  Allen  Packard 

5 

George  A.  Irish     1 

)  mo. 

Edward  T.Packard 

3 

195.205 

Cornelius  Irish 

68 

Selinda  S.  Packard 

1 

Polly  Irish    .     . 

68 

Emily  A.  Decoster 

21 

196.206  Ebenez.  W.  Adams 

62 

185.195  Seth  Miller  .     .     . 

52 

Mima  Adams    . 

58 

Mary  Miller       .     . 

43 

Olivia  D.  Adams 

31 

Love  Miller .     .     . 

8 

Esther  A.  Adams 

23 

Laura  Miller     .     . 

7 

Mary  an  D.  Adams 

22 

Lewella  Miller  .     . 

6 

Polly  Ripley      . 

60 

Iloscoe  Miller   .     . 

3 

197.207 

Otis  Hawes  .     . 

57 

Granville  Miller    . 

1 

Elsie  Hawes 

53 

18(5.196  Joseph  Cushman   . 

56 

Pliilander  Hawes 

22 

Eleanor  Cushman . 

59 

Cyrene  Hawes  . 

17 

Henry  T.  Cushman 

28 

liaurinda  Hawes 

14 

Daniel  B.  Cushman 

22 

Edwin  Hawes   . 

10 

Alma  F.  Cushman 

16 

1 

Charles  B.  Hawes 

8 

Ezra  W.  Curtis 

11 

1 

Julia  Iljiwes 

20 

f     ^   or  THF.  ^ 

f    UNIVIIRSITY    I 

\  or         ..      / 


UNITED 

STATE§'"lTkN"Str^.^ 

89 

198.208  Sarah  Hawes     .     . 

85 

Henry  F.Sidelinger 

7 

Julia  Hawes      ,     . 

52    ' 

Hez.  H.  Sidelinger 

4 

199.209  Moses  Luce  .     .     . 

35 

207.217  Daniel  Ripley   .     . 

57 

Sarah  Luce  .     .     . 

35 

Gardner  Ripley      . 

21 

SethLuce     .     .     . 

9 

208.218 

John  Hagar  .     .     . 

33 

Elizabeth  M.  Luce 

7 

Jane  Hagar  .     .     . 

27 

Remember  Luce    . 

60 

Emily  J.  Hagar     . 

8 

Almond  Thompson 

24 

Ann  S.  Hagar  .     . 

6 

200.210  Caleb  Howard  .     . 

70 

John  E.  Hagar  .     . 

4 

Betsey  Howard 

51 

Edwin  L.  Hagar    . 

2 

George  Howard     . 

23 

Samuel  Hagar  .     9 

mo. 

201.211  Richard  Sayward  . 

67 

209.219  Martha  Philbrook . 

34 

Eliza  Sayward  .     . 

68 

Charles  Philbrook . 

4 

Richd.  K.  Sayward 

30 

Jos.  F.  Philbrook,  10 

mo. 

Perez  B.  Sayward  . 

25 

210.220 

Lewis  Law  .     .     . 

33 

Christiana  Mitchell 

19 

Lydia  Law  . 

26 

Henry  Mitchell      . 

13 

Norris  M.  Law 

3 

202.212  Daniel  Shepard      . 

74 

211.221 

Sewell  Hagar 

56 

Alice  Shepard  .     . 

75 

Eleanor  Hagar 

44 

John  A.  Shepard  . 

45 

Mary  Hagar . 

14 

Eliza  Shepard    .     . 

43 

Ezekiel  Hagar 

11 

Wm.  Shepard   .     . 

41 

Martha  Hagar 

9 

Elsie  Shepard    .     . 

34 

George  A.  Hagar  . 

7 

Daniel  Shepard 

33 

Franklin  Weever  . 

20 

Amanda  Shepard  . 

30 

212.222 

Ebenez.  Sidelinger 

46 

203.213  Albert  Fuller    .     . 

36 

C'harine  Sidelinger 

47 

Nancy  Fuller    .     . 

37 

Sarah  Sidelinger    . 

24 

Isaac  F.  Fuller .     . 

11 

Robt.  M.  Sidelinger 

23 

Mary  E.  Fuller      . 

9 

Andrew  Sidelinger 

21 

Lucy  Fuller      .     . 

7 

Spencer  Sidelinger 

19 

James  C.  Fuller     . 

5 

L'  ciusH.  Sidelinger 

17 

Albert  J.  Fuller     . 

1 

James  Sidelinger   . 

15 

204.214  Geo.  W.  Sidelinger 

28 

Ann  M.  Sidelinger 

13 

Eliz.  J.  Sidelinger  . 

26 

Daniel  Sidelinger  . 

10 

Jacob  Sidelinger    . 

4 

Manuel  Sidelinger 

8 

Sarah  J.  Sidelinger 

2 

Miles  Sidelinger     . 

6 

Ara.  W.  Sidelinger 

1 

Ira  Sidelinger    .     . 

2 

Edw.A.Sidelinger,l 

mo. 

213.223 

Benjamin  L.  Law  . 

67 

205.215  Moses  Sidelinger   . 

35 

Esther  Law  .     .     . 

61 

Jane  A.  Sidelinger 

29 

Charles  P.  Law      . 

39 

Angelet.  Sidelinger 

10 

Benjamin  Law  .     . 

37 

Mary  J.  Sidelinger 

7 

Franklin  Law   .     . 

33 

M'garet  Sidelinger 

5 

Stephen  Law    .     . 

28 

Ever'tB.Sidelinger 

3 

Henry  Law  .     .     . 

26 

C'line  L.  Sidelinger 

1 

Harriet  Law      .     . 

22 

Martha  Ripley  .     . 

13 

Rebecca  Law     .     . 

19 

George  Ripley  .     . 

23 

214.224  Ebenezer  Daggett . 

52 

206.216  Daniel  Sidelinger  . 

62 

Salome  Daggett     . 

4* 

CaroHne  Sidelinger 

18 

Charles  M.  Daggett 

16 

E.  A.  G.  Sidelinger 

16 

C'tine  C.  Daggett . 

14 

SimonM.  Sidelinger 

14 

Darius  Daggett 

12 

H'rietM.Sidelinger 

13 

Harriet  D.  Daggett 

10 

Mary  E.  Sidelinger 

9 

Lucius  C.  Dagg 

ett 

7 

90                                          POPULATION. 

Angelia  Daggett    . 

3 

AlmatiaW.  Robbins  17 

215.225  E.  N.  Butler     .     . 

41 

225.235  Reuben  Hagar  . 

41 

Mary  Butler      .     . 

44 

Nancy  Hagar    . 

36 

Susan  M.  Butler    . 

16 

Chester  Hagar  . 

9 

Harriet  P.  Butler  . 

14 

Westford  Hagar 

7 

George  A.  Butler  . 

12 

Norris  Hagar     . 

5 

Mary  E.  Butler      . 

10 

Eldon  Hagar     . 

1 

Wm.  H.  H.  Butler 

8 

226.236  Thaddeus  Shepard 

L    71 

Amelia  M.  Butler . 

6 

Susan  Shepard 

61 

Charles  Tripp    .     . 

33 

Noah  E.  Shepard 

28 

Catharine  Butler  . 

73 

James  E.  Shepard 

15 

216.226  John  Burns,  jun.  . 

44 

George  Shepard 

11 

Lucy  Burns .     .     . 

8 

Mary  Shepard  . 

9 

Thomas  Hagar  .     . 

29 

Nathan  Shepard 

60 

Esther  Hagar    .     . 

22 

227.237  Thad.  S.  Shepard 

37 

Mercy  Jones      .     . 

62 

Sarah  S.  Shepard 

.     30 

Llewellyn  Burns  . 

16 

George  Howard 

.     21 

217.227  Alfred  Adams  .     . 

60 

228.238 

Mace  Shepard  . 

40 

Esther  Page .     .     . 

52 

Martha  J.  Shepard    41 

Ruth  Adams     .     . 

45 

Martha  J.  Shepard      8 

Jas.  Orson  Adams 

33 

229.239 

Daniel  D.  Law . 

49 

Joel  Adams,  jun.  . 

11 

Jane  L.  Law 

37 

218.228  Thaddeus  Luce      . 

67 

Mary  P.  Law    . 

14 

Lavinia  Luce     .     . 

64 

Frederic  Law    . 

7 

Maria  Luce  .     .     . 

28 

Jas.  Thomas,  jun. 

19 

Rosilla  Luce     .     . 

23 

230.240 

Silas  P.  Law      . 

.     33 

Sullivan  B.  Luce  . 

21 

Sarah  Law    .     . 

33 

Ann  C.  Gleason    3 

mo. 

Albert  Law  .     . 

.     10 

219.229  Abigail  Cole     .     . 

51 

231.241 

Stephen  Carriel 

.     47 

Mary  A.  Cole    .     . 

14 

Jane  Carriel .     . 

48 

Joseph  E.  Cole  .     . 

9 

Sylvester  B.  Carriel     22 

220.230  Robert  Dickey  .     . 

27 

Leander  T.  Carriel 

19 

Sarah  A.  Dickey   . 

21 

Adelia  W.  Carriel 

.     17 

Joseph  K.  Dickey,  7 

mo. 

Augustus  G.  Carriel  10 

Isaac  Rackliffe  .     . 

14 

Albion  D.  Carriel 

.       6 

221.231  Vinal  Ware  .     .     . 

60 

232.242 

John  Stevens    . 

.     56 

Lavinia  A.  Ware  . 

49 

Mary  Stevens    . 

.     39 

Harriet  M.  Ware  . 

17 

Armina  Pease  . 

15 

Erastus  Ware    .     . 

15 

Sumner  Pease  . 

.     13 

Lucy  Tuck  .     .     . 

70 

Gilbert  Pease    . 

12 

Sarah  Brown     .     . 

65 

Mary  J.  Stevens 

3 

Emeline  Crabtree  . 

24 

Harriet  Stevens 

19 

222.232  David  Seavey    .     . 

38 

John  S.  Stevens 

17 

Sarah  A.  Seavey    . 

32 

233.243  Nathl.  G.  Lothrop 

46 

223.233  Nathan  D.  Rice     . 

64 

Betsey  E.  Lothrop 

46 

Eliza  Carriel      .     . 

46 

Julia  A.  Lothrop 

13 

James  Kieff .     .     . 

22 

Harriet  E.  Lothroj 

)     11 

Dennie  Stetson 

16 

Elijah  Lothrop . 

10 

224.234  Cyrus  Robbins  .     . 

51 

Sarah  Lothrop  . 

9 

Olivia  Robbins .     . 

56 

Alden  Lothrop 

6 

Eber  A.  Robbins   . 

23 

234.244 

Parker  Messer  . 

49 

Olivia  V.  Robbins . 

20 

Eliza  Messer     . 

45 

Laurilla  A.Robbins 

18 

Robert  M.  Messer 

21 

UNITED   STATES  CENSUS. 


91 


235.245 


236.246 


237.247 

238.248 
239.249 

240.250 


241.251 


242.252 


243.253 


Charles  H.  Messer  17 

Ambrose  Messer    .  14 

Eliza  E.  Messer     .  2 

Nancy  Bryant  .     .  47 

Jacob  S.  Bryant     .  21 

Joseph  Bryant.     .  18 

Nancy  J.  Bryant   .  16 

Abby  M.  Bryant   .  10 

John  r.  Bryant      .  9 

DanielWalker,jun.  37 

Lydia  "Walker  .     .  41 

Jason  Walker    .     .  14 

George  P.  Walker  12 

Catharine  Wallcer .  10 

Lncinda  Walker    .  7 

Martha  A.  Walker  4 

Levi  Walker     .     .  2 

Danford  Carriel     .  40 

Harriet  N.  Carriel  35 

Rachel  H.  Carriel .  3 

Flora  B.  Carriel    .  1 

Jonathan  Carriel   .  67 

Sybil  Carriel     .     .  63 

Martha  Carriel .     .  56 

Olive  Carriel     .     .  46 

John  Walker    .     .  74 

Sarah  Walker  .     .  72 

John  Walker,  jun.  33 

Eliz'th  B.  Walker .  27 

John  C.  Cromett    .  8 

Cyrus  Bobbins,  jun.  27 

Margaret  Bobbins .  27 
Eldred  Bobbins     4  mo. 

Nelson  Burns    .     .  17 

Joel  Burns   ...  12 

Lucinda  Burns      .  23 

Augustus  Burns    .  21 

Henry  Burns    .     .  19 

John  Burns  ...  72 

Margaret  Burns     .  62 

Daniel  Walker  .     .  76 

Fanny  Walker  .     .  71 

Fanny  Achorn  .     .  46 

Eliz'th  B.  Achorn  .  18 

Elisha  Achorn  .     .  20 

Jacob  B.  Achorn  .  13 

Daniel  Achorn  .     .  6 

George  Cox ...  27 

Fanny  Cox  ...  23 

Mary  M.  Cox    .     .  6 

John  W.  Cox    .     .  3 

Wm.  A.  J.  Leach  .  3 

John  Taylor.    .     .  42 


244.254 


245.255 


246.256 


247.257 


248.258 


249.259 
250.260 


251.261 


252.262 


Maria  Taylor     .     .  37 

Frances  O .  Taylor  .  1 6 

Elsie  G.  Taylor     .  14 

Lindall  R.  Taylor  .  12 

George  B.  Taylor  ,  10 

Sarah  M.  Taylor    .  1 

Samuel  Fuller,  j  un.  34 

Eliza  Fuller.     .     .  22 

Wm.  E.  Fuller .     .  5 

Abigail  A.  Fuller  .  4 

Flora  I.  Fuller  .     .  2 
M'garet  A.  Fuller,  2  mo. 

Samuel  Fuller  .     .  62 

Jemima  Fuller  .     .  58 

Sarah  J.  Fuller      .  22 

Rhoda  Fuller    .     .  21 

Fisher  H.  Fuller    .  27 

Charles  FuUer  .     .  15 

Lewis  Law   ...  6 

Pond  Davis  ...  46 

Betsey  Davis     .     .  42 

Wm.  L.  Davis  .     .  19 

Angeline  M.  Davis  16 

Helen  E.  Davis      .  13 

Elsie  A.  Davis       .  10 

Ada  F.  Davis    .     .  7 

Mercy  D.  Davis     .  5 

Hannah  A.  Davis  .  2 
Jacob  P.  Davis  .     .83 

Asaph  Lucas     .     ,  65 

Hannah  Lucas  .     .  64 

John  O.  Lucas  .     .  10 

Hannah  Grinnell  .  90 

Edwin  Lucas     .     .  43 

Phebe  Lucas     .     .  30 

Willard  Lucas  .     .  12 

John  O.  Lucas  .     .  10 

Armeda  A.  Lucas  .  6 

Auga.  Blake  Lucas  4 
Mary  A.  Lucas      8  mo. 

Olney  Titus.     .     .  77 

Abigail  Titus     .     .  75 

Philo  Thurston      .  55 

Julia  M.  Thurston  51 

Nathan'l  Thurston  23 

Jo.  D.  Thurston    .  20 

Harl.  W.  Thurston  13 

Darwin  Thujston  .  7 

Albert  Thurston    .  26 

Lavinia  Thurston  .  25 

Chas.  A.  Thurston  1 

Rhoda  FuUer    .     .  21 

Hugh  Gordon  .     .  40 


92                                          POPULATION. 

Margaret  Gordon  . 

27 

260.270  FrankHn  Rice    . 

32 

Angelia  S.  Gordoni 

16 

Patience  M.  Rice 

28 

253.263  Nathan  Bachelder . 

49 

Albert  A.  Rice . 

5 

Jane  Bachelder 

49 

Helen  E.  Rice  . 

1 

Nath.  A.  Bachelder 

22 

Wm.  M.  Robbins  . 

19 

Llew.  r.  Bachelder 

21 

261.271  Josiah  Shepard .     . 

30 

Ama.  E.  Bachelder 

17 

Statira  Shepard 

23 

AustinE.Bachelder 

15 

Susan  C.  Shepard 

1 

L'cius  F.  Bachelder 

13. 

262.272  Nathan M.Gleason 

44 

A  delaideB  achelder 

11 

Charles  Gleason     . 

17 

Electa  Bachelder  . 

9 

Sarah  A.  Gleason  . 

15 

George  Bachelder . 

2 

EUza  M.  Gleason 

11 

Edward  Taylor .     . 

27 

Maria  Gleason  . 

1 

Mary  Taylor      .     . 

23 

263.273  David  N.  Oakes 

69 

254.264  Amos  Barrett    .     . 

70 

Mary  Oakes 

62 

Harriet  R.  Barrett 

42 

Mary  Oakes .     . 

36 

255.265  Benj.  Bachelder     . 

29 

Nancy  Oakes    . 

34 

Ann  Bachelder 

26 

Martha  Oakes   . 

21 

Ann  R.  Bachelder . 

4 

David  N.  Oakes 

19 

Rachl.N.Bachelder 

2 

C.  Sumner  Oakes 

27 

Sarah  A.  Bachelder 

21 

264.274  William  Coggan 

46 

256.266  Jesse  Arnold     .     . 

32 

Mary  Coggan    . 

39 

Mary  J.  Arnold      . 

31 

Ethelda  Coggan 

20 

Thomas  E.  Arnold 

8 

Emily  B.  Coggan 

16 

Alfred  E.  Arnold  . 

4 

Deborah  M.  Coggan 

13 

Helen  Arnold   .     . 

2 

Esther  F.  Coggan 

10 

257.267  Nathaniel  Clark     . 

44 

Alanson  M.  Coggan 

9 

Betsey  A.  Clark     . 

42 

"WilUam  Oxton      . 

23 

Harriet  A.  Clark   . 

17 

William  Thompson 

42 

Sarah  P.  Clark  .     . 

15 

265.275  Robert  Thompson 

50 

Martha  E.  Clark    . 

14 

Charity  Thompson 

40 

Octavius  L.  Clark  . 

10 

Jedidah  Thompson 

21 

Julia  F.  Clark  .     . 

8 

M'cellus  Thompson 

18 

Nathl.  S.  Clark      . 

2 

Ellen  A.  Thompson 

L     17 

258.268  Japheth  Gove    .     . 

44 

Laura  E.Thompson 

16 

Nancy  Gove      .     , 

42 

H'rietA.Thompson 

9 

Williston  F.  Gove 

23 

266.276  Charles  Hibbard    . 

44 

Antoinette  Gove   . 

21 

Lydia  P.  Hibbard 

40 

James  Gove .     .     . 

18 

~^           Daniel  Hibbard 

18 

Olivia  Gove .     .     . 

15 

Hollis  Hibbard . 

16 

Charles  Gove    .     . 

10 

/         Cyrus  Hibbard .     . 

13 

George  Gove     .     . 

3 

Chas.  W.  Hibbard 

11 

Harriet  Young .     . 

24 

Parker  M.  Hibbard 

7 

Edward  McLean    . 

19 

James  R.  Hibbard 

3 

Joseph  Carkin  .     . 

19 

267.277  Alexr.  Suchfort     . 

29 

259.269  John  Bachelder     . 

59 

Mary  Suchfort .     . 

23 

Julia  Bachelder     . 

53 

Hannah  Suchfort  . 

3 

H'rietL.  Bachelder 

24 

John  G.  Suchfort, 

,  mo. 

John  M.  Bachelder 

21 

Elizabeth  Coombs 

15 

F'ces  V.  Bachelder 

18 

268.278  John  Proctor     .     . 

53 

Chas.  G.  Bachelder 

16 

Clarissa  Proctor     . 

48 

Eliza  M.  Bachelder 

14 

Philander  Proctor . 

12 

Mary  C.  Bachelder 

12 

Adelbert  Proctor  . 

10 

UNITED  STATES  CENSUS. 


93 


Elvira  Proctor  .  .  16 
Mary  Proctor  .  .  19 
Sarah  Roakes    .     .27 

269.279  Rebecca  Metcalf    .     58 

270.280  Judson  Caswell  .  53 
Mercy  Caswell .  .  38 
Hannah  Caswell  .  18 
John  C.  Caswell  .  16 
Lemuel  Caswell  .  14 
Lozeah  Caswell  .  11 
Mary  O.  Caswell  .  8 
Christiana  A.  Caswell  6 
Caroline  E.  Caswell     3 

271.281  Elias  Skidmore  .  51 
Priscilla  Skidmore  52 
Elias  Skidmore  .  25 
Gardner  Skidmore  23 
Emily  F.  Skidmore  16 
Thos.  W.  Pinkham  14 
Roderic  G.  Newhall     6 

272.282  Walter  W.  Clark  .  54 
Joanna  Clark  .  ,  44 
Ellen  A.  Clark .  .  20 
Henry  D.  Clark  .  18 
Ezra  B.  Clark  .  .  16 
Isaac  M.  Clark  .  .  14 
James  A.  Clark     .       9 

273.283  Alpheus  Collamore  68 
Chloe  Collamore  .  57 
Richard  Collamore  23 
Mary  Collamore  .  20 
Andrew  J.  Collamore  17 
Elias  A.  Collamore  1 
Elmina  P.  Roakes .     21 

274.284  John  Jones,  2d .  .  53 
Sally  Jones  ...  49 
Martha  M.  Jones  .  25 
William  M.  Jones  .  24 
John  F.  Jones  .  .  23 
Albert  M.  Jones  .  20 
Leander  Jones  .  .  17 
Licena  Jones  .  .  15 
George  M.  Jones  .  12 
Benson  G.  Jones   .     10 

275.285  Samuel  Norwood  .  33 
Sibyl  Norwood  .  30 
Lysander  Norwood  10 
Sarah  Norwood  .  8 
Lucretia  Norwood  6 
Orlando  Norwood .  3 
Llewellyn  Norwood     1 

276.286  Henry  M.  Collier  .  35 
Mahala  CoUier .    .     30 


Helen  M.  Collier  .       1 
James  Upham   .     .     12 

277.287  Robert  M.  Pease  .  52 
Sarah  Pease.  .  .  51 
Zilpah  H.  Pease  .  19 
Lucy  A.  Pease .  .  17 
Austin  L.  Pease  .  15 
Helen  A.  Pease     .       5 

278.288  Benjamin  Frye.  .  46 
Nancy  Frye ...  46 
Job  Frye.     ...     42 

279.289  James  Roakes  .  .  26 
Lois  Roakes  .  .  26 
Susan  Roakes  .     .       1 

280.290  Asa  Gowen  ...  39 
Hannah  Gowen  .  38 
Harriet  Ellen  Gowen  14 
Abby  Electa  Gowen  9 
Hannah  A.  Gowen  4 
William  Stevens  .  5 
Benjamin  Dow      .     87 

281.291  John  Gowen  .  .  69 
Rebecca  H.  Gowen     69 

282.292  David  Fossett  .  .  42 
Martha  A.  Fossett  33 
Henry  M.  Fossett .  12 
Mary  E.  Fossett  .  9 
Sarah  Fossett  .  ,  6 
Julia  Fossett  .  .  2 
George  Miller   .     .     62 

283.293  Samuel  Fossett  .  29 
Mary  A.  Fossett  .  26 
Isaac  H.  Fossett  .  4 
Caroline  M.  Fossett      2 

284.294  Nathan  Knowlton  31 
Mary  Knowlton  .  27 
Leonora  Knowlton       1 

285.295  Henry  Fossett,  jun.  34 
Amanda  Fossett  .  23 
Oscar  Fossett  .  .  3 
Mary  E.  Fossett     .       1 

286.296  Enoch  Weeks  .  .  25 
Ruth  A.  Weeks     .     19 

287.297  Henry  Fossett  .  .  67 
Thomas  C.  Fossett  38 
Abigail  Fossett  .  33 
Ellen  Fossett    .     .       1 

288.298  Josiah  Simmons  .  27 
Rachel  Simmons  .  30 
James  H.  Simmons  8 
Hannah  D.  Simmons  4 
Ra.  M.  Simmons,  8  mo. 
Eliza  Jane  Davis   .     20 


94 

POPULATION. 

289.299 

Oliver  Townsend  , 

30 

Francis  M.  Adams 

6 

Nancy  Townsend 

22 

Samuel  S.  Adams . 

2 

Georgiana  Townsend  2     | 

Jerh.  W.Mitchell. 

15 

R.  0.  Townsend,  7 

mo. 

301.311  MinotMesser    .     . 

45 

290.300 

Samuel  Stone    . 

63 

Lydia  Messer    .     . 

41 

Elizabeth  Stone 

50 

John  B.  Messer     . 

23 

Elmira  A.  Stone 

17 

Caroline  H.  Messer 

21 

Roscoe  Stone    . 

11 

Samuel  L.  Messer . 

19 

Augusta  Stone . 

9 

Thomas  G.  Messer 

16 

291.301 

Job  C.  Simmons 

34 

Vinal  Messer     .     . 

14 

Clarissa  Simmons 

36 

Lydia  A.  Messer    . 

11 

Harriet  Simmons 

9 

Hannah  M.  Messer 

11 

George  Simmons 

7 

Eliza  Messer     .     . 

10 

Henry  Simmons 

5 

Margaret  M.  Messei 

8 

James  Simmons 

3 

Emeline  Messer     . 

5 

Sarah  E.  Simmons 

1 

Aravilla  B.  Messer 

1 

A.  M.  Simmons,    i 

5  mo. 

Phebe  Messer    .     . 

79 

292.302 

George  M.  Fossett 

32 

302.312  Ebenezer  S.  Messer 

37 

Sarah  A.  Fossett 

26 

Nancy  S.  Messer   . 

38 

Stephen  H.  Fosset 

t      5 

Laura  Messer    .     . 

13 

Margaret  M.  Fosse 

tt     2 

Charles  H.  Messer 

11 

Martha  F.  Fossett 

.       1 

Emma  P.  Messer   . 

9 

293.303 

Zebedee  Simmons 

23 

Mary  Messer     .     . 

6 

Margaret  Simmons 

i     30 

Amanda  Messer     . 

1 

John  E.  K.  Simmo 

as    1 

John  Brown      .     . 

19 

C.  A.  Z.  Simmons, 

2  mo. 

Hannah  Messer     . 

75 

294.304  George  B.  Dagget 

t     25 

Hannah  Messer     . 

41 

Mary  J.  Daggett 

.     25 

303.313  Nathaniel  B.Gowen 

27 

Amelia  Burns  . 

.       9 

Elizabeth  H.  Gowen  21 

295.305  Isaac  Uphara    . 

.     70 

304.314  Sarah  A.  Hart  .     . 

12 

Eliza  T.  Upham 

.     60 

Richard  Moody     . 

32 

Eliza  F.  Upham 

.     19 

Sarah  Moody    .     . 

30 

296.306  JohnUpham     . 

.     30 

William  Moody     . 

8 

Mary  A.  Upham 

.     27 

Mahala  Moody .     . 

5 

Euphemia  A.  Uph 

am   1 

Eldora  Moody  .     9 

mo. 

Warren  C.  Upham 

14 

Harriet  Moody .     . 

11 

Abigail  Bruce  . 

.     61 

305.315  Benjamin  Clark     . 

57 

297.307  Joseph  M.  Gleasoi 

1    41 

Eliza  Clark  .     .     . 

49 

Frances  Gleason 

.     42 

Chandler  Brackett 

20 

Jane  A.  Gleason 

.     11 

306.316  Silas  Carriel      .     . 

41 

William  C.  Gleasc 

)n     9 

Sally  Carriel     .     . 

37 

Martha  A.  Gleaso 

n      3 

AVoodbury  Carriel 

9 

Harris  Lanfest  . 

.     23 

Martha  Carriel .     . 

8 

298.308  Ilufus  Stone     . 

.     24 

Aldana  Carriel .     . 

6 

Silvia  G.  Stone 

.     24 

307.317  James  Bryant    .     . 

50 

William  CasweU 

.     16 

Charlotte  Bryant  . 

55 

299.309  John  Oakes  .     . 

.     39 

Silas  C.  Bryant      . 

23 

Ellen  Oakes      . 

.     46 

David  Bryant    .     . 

20 

Sanford  Merc    . 

.     15 

Arvilla  Bryant .     . 

16 

Maria  Jameson . 

.     11 

308.318  Joseph  Whcaton    . 

60 

300.310  John  Adams     . 

.     31 

Mary  Wheaton 

60 

llachel  Adams  . 

.     29 

309,319  Aaron  Bryant  .     . 

42 

Thomas  M.  Adam 

8       8 

Emeline  Bryant    . 

42 

UNITED   STATES  CENSUS. 


95 


Wm.  H.  Bryant     . 

17 

317.327  Sally  Gleason   .     . 

67 

Mary  E.  Bryant     . 

15 

Caroline  McKinney 

16 

Delphina  G.  Bryant 

14 

318.328  James  Townsend    '. 

35 

Sarah  Bryant    .     . 

13 

Mary  F.  Townsend 

28 

Phebe  J.  Bryant    . 

11 

Aldana  S.  Townsend  11 

Martha  A.  Bryant 

9 

Geo.  W.  Townsend 

9 

Julia  E.  Bryant     . 

5 

F.  L.  Townsend     . 

7 

James  F.  Bryant    . 

2 

Jas.  A.  Townsend  . 

4 

310.320  Nathan  Clark    .     . 

47 

Oceana  M.  Townsend    1 

Mary  M.  Clark  .     . 

46 

319.329 

Artenias  Shepard  . 

73 

Elizabeth  O'Meira 

17 

Martha  Shepard     . 

50 

Gilbert  Pitman      . 

43 

Benjamin  Smith    . 

18 

Edson  S.  Stevens  . 

3 

320.330 

Leonard  Wade .     . 

77 

Enoch  B.  Evans     . 

25 

Sally  Wade  .     .     . 

70 

311.321  Isaac  To wnsend     . 

69 

Sarah  Daggett  .     . 

43 

Sarah  Townsend    . 

66 

Mary  E.  Daggett  . 

6 

Caroline  Townsend 

19 

321.331 

John  Tobey  .     .     . 

82 

Martha  Townsend 

26 

Melicent  Tobey      . 

52 

312.322  Isaac  Townsend     . 

32 

ElkanahM.Wingate  28 

Fanny  Townsend  . 

31 

Helen  M.  Wingate 

22 

Mary  0.  Townsend 

3 

322.332  N.Thurston,  jun.  . 

25 

E.  E.  Townsend,   9 

mo. 

Ann  E.  Thurston  . 

25 

313.323  John  Robinson.     . 

57 

Ella  M.  Thurston  . 

1 

Harriet  Robinson  . 

43 

Nahum  Thurston  . 

58 

Darius  Robinson   . 

18 

Martha  Thurston  . 

61 

Stillman  Robinson 

16 

Caroline  A.Thurston  21 

Horatio  Robinson  . 

14 

Martha  A.  Thurston  23 

Elvina  Robinson    . 

15 

323.333 

George  Luce     .     . 

39 

Delano  Robinson  . 

9 

Patience  Luce  .     . 

36 

Alonzo  Robinson  . 

7 

Frances  M.  Luce  . 

10 

Oramil  Robinson  . 

5 

Charles  B.  Luce     . 

8 

314.324  Orris  Blood  .     .     . 

39 

Joseph  F.  Gleason 

16 

Maria  Blood      .     . 

40 

324.334 

Robert  Dickey  .     . 

74 

Delora  A.  Blood   . 

11 

Mary  Dickey     .     . 

64 

Josiah  Drake     .     . 

19 

325.335 

Madan  K.  Payson . 

26 

Jesse  Drake  .     .     . 

7 

Abigail  A.  Payson 

28 

Miriam  H.  Blood,  8 

mo. 

Lauriston  M.  Payson    3 

Lewis  Robbins  .     . 

16 

Matilda  L.  Payson 

1 

315.325  Cyrus  Morton  .     . 

45 

326.336  John  P.  Robbins   . 

56 

Sally  Morton     .     . 

38 

Mary  Robbins  .     . 

58 

James  G.  Morton  . 

18 

Almina  Robbins    . 

17 

C.  Roscoe  Morton 

13 

327.337  Jason  Robbins  .     . 

50 

Sarah  F.  Morton   . 

11 

Lucy  Robbins  .     . 

51 

Ann  M.  Morton    . 

6 

Clementine  Robbing 

17 

John  C.  Morton     . 

8 

Alphonso  Robbins 

14 

Nancy  J.  Morton  . 

2 

Jason  Robbins  .  -  . 

11 

316.326  Calvin  Gleason .     . 

35 

Lycurgus  Robbins 

6 

Abigail  S.  Gleason 

29 

Jessa  Robbins    .     . 

91 

Helen  C.  Gleason  . 

8 

328.338  George  Cummings 

50 

Moses  S.  Gleason  . 

6 

Avis  Cummings     . 

50 

John  A.  Gleason  . 

3 

Loam.  D.  Gumming 

s20 

John  Brown      .     . 

18 

Geo.  E.  Cummings 

18 

Cyrenus  Daggett  . 

19 

PlymptonCummings  12 

96 


POPULATION. 


Rosanna  Cummings  73 

Hannah  Hills    .     .  22 

329.339  Henry  Seiders  .  .  51 
Mary  S.  Seiders  .  42 
Mary  Jane  Seiders  21 
Margaret  S.  Seiders  16 
Joseph  Seiders  .  .  14 
Edward  Seiders  .  13 
Emerson  Seiders  .  11 
Sarah  L.  Seiders  .  8 
G.  Melvin  Seiders  6 
Frederic  A.  Seiders  2 

330.340  Waterm.  M.  Robbins  27 
David  Robbins .  .  62 
Hannah  E.  Robbins  29 
Nancy  M.  Robbins  23 
Caroline  M.  Robbins  22 
Maxcy  Robbins  .  20 
Ermina  G.  Robbins  18 
Lydia  A.  Robbins .  14 

331.341  Whiting  Hawes  .  56 
Julia  Hawes  .  .  52 
Nancy  Hawes  .  .  66 
Norman  L.  Crockett  13 

332.342  William  G.  Hawes  39 
Roxana  Hawes .  .  38 
Herbert  A.  Hawes  11 
Henry  A.  Hawes  .  9 
Edwin  R.  Hawes  .  7 
Phebe  R.  Hawes  .  1 
Emery  R.  Hawes  .  4 
James  O'Meira ,  .  19 
Julia  A.  McAllister  16 

333.343  Herman  Hawes  .  66 
Abigail  Hawes .     .  67 

334.344  Manning  Walcott .  37 
MaryWalcott  .  .  35 
Herman  H.  Walcott  12 
Edgar  H.  Walcott .  8 


Martha  Rollins      .     17 

335.345  Napoleon  Bemis  .  40 
Fairezina  Bemis  .  40 
Elizabeth  A.  Bemis  8 
John  Robinson .     .     18 

336.346  Joseph  G.  Cummings  35 
Margaret  Cummings  32 
Amos  Cummings  .  9 
Avis  M.  Cummings  5 
Samuel  L.  Cummings  3 
S.  E.  Cummings,  9  mo. 

337.347  Stephen  S.  Hawes  40 
Alzina  Hawes  .  .  41 
Aravesta  M.  Hawes  19 
Aravilla  A.  Hawes  19 
Marietta  B.  Hawes  8 
Abigail  S.  Hawes  .       I 

338.348  Lewis  Bachelder  .  53 
Hannah  Bachelder  53 
Edwin  A.  Bachelder  16 

339.349  Benjamin  Bryant  .  45 
Betsey  Bryant  .  .  45 
Benjamin  Bryant  .  16 
John  Bryant  .  .  14 
Lucy  Bryant  .  .  10 
Llewella  Bryant  .  8 
Thomas  Bryant  .  6 
Maria  Bryant  .  .  4 
Mary  Bryant  .  ,  1 
Mary  Bryant  .  .  25 
Elizabeth  M.  HiUs  11 
Abner  Bills  ...  26 
Timothy  Alexander  23 
John  Thompson  .  31 
Lucretia  Rice  .  ,  20 
Catharine  Robbins  18 
Lysander  Daggett  19 
Emeline  Hills  .  .  30 
Nathl.  Q.  Bachelder  23 


Total  number  of  inhabitants,  1,970;  including  1  blind, 
5  idiots,  6  insane,  3  paupers j  139  mechanics,  430  farmers. 
There  are  no  colored  persons. 

Maine  is  the  birthplace  of  nearly  all  the  inhabitants.  The 
following  are  exceptions :  Nova  Scotia,  1 ;  New  Brunswick,  2 ; 
Ireland,  2  ;  England,  1  ;  New  Hampshire,  36  ;  Vermont,  1  ; 
Massachusetts,  115;  Rhode  Island,  5 ;  Connecticut,  3 ;  New 
York,  2 ;  Kentucky,  1 . 


ABBORAL  PRODUCTS.  97 

CHAPTER    XII. 

MINERAL  AND  ARBORAL  PRODUCTS. 

Minerals.  —  Timber.  —  Felling  of  Trees.  —  Burning  of  Cut-downs.  — 
Shingles.  —  Benjamin  Speed.  —  Lakin. — Boards  and  Saw-mills. 
—  Lime-casks. 

MINERAL  PRODUCTS. 

There  has  never  been  a  mineralogical  or  geological  sur- 
vey of  the  town  worthy  of  even  a  passing  notice.  What 
treasures  may  lie  buried  here  can  only  be  known  when 
greater  attention  is  given  to  the  subject.  It  is  certain, 
however,  that  there  are  quarries  of  limestone,  some  of 
which  is  white  and  fine  grained;  but  large  pieces, 
free  from  defects  and  veins,  have  not  hitherto  been  ob- 
tained. The  burning  of  lime  never  has  received  much 
attention.  There  are  also  quarries  of  granite.  Sulphu- 
reous iron  ore,  from  which  are  derived  sulphur,  alum, 
copperas,  sulphuric  acid,  &c.  is  found  in  immense  quan- 
tities, particularly  in  the  eastern  part  of  the  town.  A 
web  of  cloth,  which  had  been  laid  upon  the  ground  to  be 
whitened,  was  buried  under  an  autumnal  snow ;  and, 
when  it  was  dug  out  some  time  afterward,  it  had  ac- 
quired a  beautiful  copperas  color.  East  of  Crawford's 
Pond,  on  the  land  of  Christopher  Young,  is  a  mineral 
spring  which  blackens  leaves  at  its  bottom ;  and  crys- 
tallized copperas  is  formed  on  logs  which  lie  in  it.  In 
surveying  the  county  line  a  few  years  ago,  the  mag- 
netic needle  was  so  much  disturbed  for  a  mile  or  two 
on  Appleton  Ridge  that  it  was  of  little  or  no  use.         ; 

ARBORAL  PRODUCTS. 

Timber.  —  When  the  first  settlers  came,  the  land, 
particularly  the  section  of  it  which  lies  east  of  Seven- 
tree  Pond,  was  covered  with  an  uncommonly  heavy 
growth  of  timber.     Pine,  hemlock,  spruce,  &:,  grew 
9» 


98  MINERAL  AND   ARBORAL  PRODUCTS. 

abundantly  on  what  was  called  by  the  early  settlers 
the  "  black  land  "  or  low  ground ;  and  on  the  ridges  or 
higher  ground  were  beech,  red  oak,  birch,  maple,  ash, 
&c.  There  was  but  little  white  oak,  and  that  was  on 
the  intervales.  There  was  no  walnut  or  chestnut. 
With  the  early  settlers,  it  was  a  great  object  to  obtain 
land  for  cultivation.  Lumber  was  so  abundant  that 
"  it  would  not  half  pay  the  expense  of  getting  it  out." 
Consequently,  trees  were  recklessly  and  wantonly 
destroyed,  and  forests  of  as  good  timber  as  ever  grew 
were  burnt  on  the  ground. 

Felling  of  Trees.  —  Among  some  of  the  early 
settlers,  there  was  a  custom  of  girdling  large  trees  and 
cutting  out  large  chips  beneath  the  bark,  which  was 
removed.  The  smaller  growth  of  wood  and  the  under- 
brush were  cleared  out,  so  that  the  land  could  be  culti- 
vated ;  and  the  girdled  trees  were  left  to  die,  and  to 
fall  as  they  decayed.  This  mode  of  clearing  was  not 
common. 

Another  mode  was  generally  adopted  by  persons 
who  felled  trees  by  the  acre.  The  chopper  observed 
the  direction  in  which  they  leaned  and  could  be  made 
to  fall  advantageously.  He  selected  a  range,  at  the 
head  of  which  was  a  large  tree,  a  little  elevated,  with 
branching,  heavy  limbs,  to  be  used  as  a  "  driver."  The 
trees  were  then  cut  about  half  through,  and  the  chips 
so  taken  out,  that,  when  the  trees  fell,  the  tops  would 
lie  in  an  angular  direction  towards  each  other  along 
the  whole  range.  The  "driver,"  being  then  cut 
through,  fell  upon  the  next  trees,  and  these  in  turn  upon 
the  next,  and  so  on  till  the  whole  range  came  down 
with  a  tremendous  crash.  Thus  half  the  labor  was 
saved,  and  the  tops  were  brought  together  in  a  favor- 
able position  to  be  burnt. 

Burning  of  Cut-dov\^ns. —  After  the  trees  had  been 
left  to  dry  through  a  considerable  part  of  the  season, 
the  "  cut-down,"  or  "  fell-piece,"  was  set  on  fire.  The 
smoke  gathered  over  the  burning  materials,  and  the 
fire  raged  till  an  immense  black  cloud  hung  over 
the  spot  and  rolled  off,  indicating  for  many  mUes  the 


BUENING   OF   CUT-DOWNS.  99 

destruction  which  was  going  on.  In  one  place,  the  fire, 
when  it  encountered  a  pile  of  dry  limbs  and  leaves, 
might  be  seen  suddenly  starting  up  to  a  great  height ; 
and,  in  another,  climbing  to  the  summit  and  wreathing 
itself  around  tall  trees  which  had  been  left  standing,  or 
penetrating  hollow  pines  and  darting  its  fiery  tongues 
through  the  sides  and  holes  which  time  had  opened. 
And  as  the  sea  of  fire  was  surging,  eddying,  and  roll- 
ing, it  scattered  cinders  and  ignited  limbs  to  a  great 
distance.  Sometimes  it  spread  its  ravages  through 
forests ;  or,  as  if  determined  to  riot  on  the  ruin  it 
made,  and  to  bid  defiance  to  man  and  the  elements, 
it  would  run  over  dry  grass-fields  faster  than  a  horse 
would  gallop,  destroy  cattle,  barns,  dwelling-houses, 
and  even  human  life.  It  would  diffuse  its  peculiar 
odor  into  remote  States,  darkening  the  air,  reddening 
the  sun,  and  alarming  the  ignorant  and  superstitious 
at  the  distance  of  hundreds  of  miles  from  the  scene. 
Nothing  but  a  deluging  rain  could  subdue  it.  ^ 

And  even  when  such  ravages  were  not  made,  —  and 
there  never  were  such  in  Union,  —  the  fire  continued  to 
burn  in  the  "  cut-down  "  for  many  days.  As  soon  as 
the  heat  would  admit,  the  laborers  began  to  cut,  and 
with  the  aid  of  oxen  and  chains  to  put  into  piles,  the 
blackened  and  imperfectly  burnt  logs.  This  business 
they  followed,  covered  with  smut,  till  the  new  piles, 
compactly  put  together,  were  in  a  condition  to  be  re- 
burnt.  After  all,  many  firmly-rooted  stumps,  large 
blackened  logs,  and  dead  limbless  trunks,  remained. 
In  subsequent  years,  when  time  and  alternating  storm 
and  sunshine  had  weakened  the  strength  of  the 
stumps  and  dead  trunks  and  opened  cavities  in  them, 
these  were  again  set  on  fire,  and  threw  a  brilliant  light 
to  a  great  distance  over  the  cleared  fields,  in  the  night ; 
or  they  were  uprooted  and  piled  with  logs  yet  to  be 
consumed. 

'  A  fire  of  this  kind  occurred  in  Lebanon  and  vicinity  in  1761,  and 
in  Alna  and  vicinity  in  September,  1823.  A  striking  account  of  such 
a  tire  is  narrated  by  J.  J.  Audubon,  in  his  Ornithological  Biography, 
ii.  397.     See  also  Cooper's  Novels. 


100       MINERAL  AND  ARBORAL  PRODUCTS. 

This  kind  of  havoc,  vigorously  begun,  was  con- 
tinued to  some  extent  in  town  for  half  a  century.  Still 
there  was  some  reservation  even  at  the  first.  The  best 
trees,  or  some  of  them,  particularly  if  they  grew  near 
rivers  or  mills,  were  used  for  valuable  purposes.  Tall 
pines,  which  had  been  swayed  by  the  breeze  for  cen- 
turies, and  whose  graceful  trunks  sometimes  rose  to 
the  height  of  ninety  feet  before  being  marred  by  a  limb 
or  a  knot,  were  often  converted  into  masts ;  or,  being 
cut  into  mill-logs,  were  rolled  into  the  ponds  and 
streams  to  be  floated  to  the  places  of  their  destination. 

Shingles.  —  The  manufacture  of  shingles  was  be- 
gun early,  and  for  some  time  it  increased  with  the 
decrease  of  lumber.  The  only  mode  of  making 
them,  before  the  invention  and  introduction  of  shingle- 
mUls,  twenty  or  thirty  years  ago,  was  by  sawing 
logs  into  pieces  of  suitable  length,  splitting  the 
pieces,  and  shaving  the  shingles  by  hand.  Some- 
times, in  the  course  of  a  winter,  there  were  col- 
lected on  the  Common  huge  piles,  which  the  store- 
keepers purchased  of  the  inhabitants  of  this  and  the 
neighboring  towns.  Many  were  made  in  the  part  of 
Union  now  included  in  Washington.  Of  the  makers 
in  the  early  part  of  the  present  century,  the  best  was 
Benjamin  Speed.  In  what  he  manufactured,  there 
were  a  beauty  and  a  finish  which  entitled  him  to  the 
appellation  of  a  scientific  shingle-maker.  There  was 
also  engaged  in  the  business  a  family  named  Lakin, 
from  Groton,  Mass.  The  husband  and  the  wife,  in 
the  winter  season,  would  go  into  the  woods,  and,  one 
at  each  handle  of  a  long  saw,  work  hard  through 
the  day,  cutting  trees  into  blocks.  It  may  be  doubted 
which  of  the  two  was  the  most  expert  in  splitting  and 
finishing  them.  And  often  has  the  wife  come  to  the 
Common  —  eight  miles  —  on  horseback,  with  a  child 
in  her  arms,  and  a  heavy  bunch  of  shingles  on  each 
side  of  her  horse,  balanced  by  means  of  ropes  and 
withes  across  the  beast's  back.  Under  the  ropes 
and  withes,  to  prevent  them  from  cutting  the  horse,  was 
a  bag  of  hay.     To  all  these  was  superadded  a  meal- 


BOARDS  AND   SAW-MILLS.  101 

bag,  containing  a  jug  for  rum  or  molasses,  or  some 
other  article  then  deemed  necessary  for  a  family.  At  the 
present  time,  shingle-mills  are  so  common  that  rift  and 
shaved  shingles,  though  much  better,  are  seldom  made. 

Boards  and  Saw-mills.  —  The  sawing  of  lumber 
into  boards  has  always  been  an  important  item  in  the 
business  of  the  town.  One  of  the  first  acts  of  the  pro- 
prietor, Dr.  Taylor,  was  to  erect  a  saw-mill.  Not  long 
afterward,  another  saw-mill  was  built  by  Josiah  Reed. 
It  stood  below  Sunnybec  Pond,  several  rods  above  the 
present  location  of  Hills'  Mills. 

Four  or  five  years  before  the  present  century,  when, 
except  Jonah  Gay's,  there  was  no  house  in  town  east 
of  the  road  on  the  east  side  of  Seven-tree  Pond,  a 
saw-mill  was  built  on  the  stream  which  runs  into 
Crawford's  Pond.  Lermond  of  Warren  came  early  in 
the  week,  and  went  into  the  woods.  There  he  labored 
regularly,  about  a  fortnight  at  a  time,  remote  from  all 
inhabitants.  On  the  Saturday  at  the  end  of  the  fort- 
night, towards  evening,  he  emerged  from  the  forest  to 
spend  the  night  at  William  Hart's.  On  the  next 
morning,  he  took  his  boat,  proceeded  down  the  St. 
George's,  procured  a  supply  of  provisions  and  other 
necessaries,  returned  the  same  evening  or  the  next 
morning  to  Hart's,  and  then  buried  himself  again  for 
a  fortnight  in  solitude.  In  this  way  he  labored  till  the 
work  was  done.  He  was  not  a  joiner  by  trade,  and 
the  mill  had  but  four  braces,  and  those  were  "  cut  in 
with  a  post-axe."  The  log,  in  the  sawing,  was  run 
back  by  putting  the  feet  upon  pegs  or  pins  in  a  wheel. 
Before  the  close  of  the  eighteenth  century,  other  saw- 
mills were  built.  In  1826  there  were  six  in  operation ; 
in  1840  and  in  1843  there  were  eight.  In  1845  it  was 
estimated  that  at  least  twenty-seven  saw-mills  had 
been  built  or  re-built,  and  seven  of  them  were  then 
used.  This  would  not  be  remarkable  on  rivers  as  large 
as  the  Kennebec  or  the  Penobscot;  but  it  deserves 
notice  in  connection  with  a  river  no  larger  or  longer 
than  the  St.  George's,  which  does  not  admit  of  logs 
being  floated  from  a  great  distance  in  the  interior. 


102  MINERAL  AND  ARBORAL  PRODUCTS. 

In  the  early  part  of  this  century,  the  mills  were  con- 
tinually in  operation.  Lumber  accumulated  at  the 
mill-yards,  and  rafts  and  logs  floated  on  the  rivers  and 
ponds.  By  day  and  by  night,  at  home  and  abroad, 
the  ears  were  constantly  greeted  with  the  busy,  hurry- 
ing sound  of  saw^s,  working  as  if  they  were  alive  and 
their  cravings  could  never  be  satisfied. 

Lime-casks.  —  The  first  person  who  gave  his  atten- 
tion particularly  to  the  manufacture  of  lime-casks  was 
John  Little.  This  was  early  in  the  nineteenth  cen- 
tury. Within  twenty-five  years  afterward,  there  was 
a  cooper-shop  at  almost  every  man's  door.  From 
August  15,  1794,  the  casks  were  to  contain  100  gal- 
lons each,  and  to  be  made  of  well-seasoned  oak  or 
ash  staves,  with  ten  hoops  on  each  cask,  well  driven, 
and  sufliciently  secured  with  nails  or  pins.  Afterward 
they  were  reduced  to  75,  and  in  1810  to  50  gallons. 
Now  they  will  hold  about  28  gallons.  At  first  they 
were  made  of  rift  staves,  and  the  price  for  putting 
them  together  was  twenty  cents  each.  The  highest 
sum  for  which  they  were  sold  at  Thomaston  was  sixty 
cents.  Now  they  are  sold  for  about  thirteen  cents ; 
sixteen  and  seventeen  cents  being  considered  high, 
though  they  can  hardly  be  afforded  at  that  price. 
About  the  year  1818,  when  the  price  was  thirty-two  or 
thirty-three  cents,  the  coopers,  who  could  make  twelve 
in  a  day,  were  dissatisfied  because  their  wages  were 
reduced  to  twelve  and  a  half  cents.  Not  many  years 
after  the  commencement  of  the  business,  the  demand 
was  so  great  that  ciasks  were  put  together  hastily ; 
and  there  was  seldom  a  load  from  any  part  of  the 
country  carried  to  Thomaston,  in  which  some  were  not 
crushed  on  the  way.  Legislation  has  been  resorted  to 
frequently ;  but  the  laws  are  often  willingly  evaded 
both  by  makers  and  purchasers,  and  there  is  difficulty 
in  enforcing  them. 

The  introduction  of  stave-machines  within  twenty- 
five  or  thirty  years  —  of  which  there  are  now  nine  or 
more  in  the  town  —  enables  the  inhabitants  to  work 
up  almost  every  kind  of  lumber,  which  would  other- 


LIME- CASKS.  103 

wise  be  worthless.  The  facilities  for  putting  together 
the  materials,  which  are  now  bevelled  by  machinery, 
save  a  great  amount  of  labor.  The  number  made 
cannot  be  ascertained.  In  1826,  it  was  estimated  at 
30,000.^  Considerable  inquiry  has  been  made  of 
coopers  and  carters ;  and  it  is  not  unreasonable  to  say 
that  at  the  present  time  there  are  not  less  than  one  hun- 
dred thousand,  and  it  is  not  improbable  that  there  are 
one  hundred  and  fifty  thousand  made  annually  in 
Union  ^alone. 

Not  far  from  the  year  1840,  a  few  shrewd  traders 
about  the  Common,  during  one  winter,  purchased  all 
the  lime-hogsheads  which  were  brought  to  them,  and 
paid  for  them  in  goods  at  the  Thomaston  prices.  They 
were  heaped  up  till  the  Common  appeared  almost  as 
if  covered  with  one  huge  pile.  The  store-keepers 
made  contracts  to  supply  purchasers  in  Thomaston  at 
a  fixed  price.  Thus  the  prices,  which  fluctuated  daily 
according  to  the  number  in  the  market  or  the  number 
immediately  wanted,  assumed  a  firmness  which  it  is 
said  was  on  the  whole  favorable  to  the  makers,  to  the 
Union  traders,  and  to  the  Thomaston  lime-burners. 

When  hogsheads  were  first  made,  the  number  car- 
ried to  Thomaston  in  a  load  was  comparatively  small. 
About  the  year  1817,  it  had  increased  to  sixty.  The 
roads  were  so  bad  that  this  was  as  large  a  load  as 
four  oxen  could  draw.  Now  the  casks  are  smaller,  the 
roads  better,  and  four  oxen  will  carry  two  hundred ; 
and  a  load  of  one  hundred  and  sixty  is  common.  For- 
merly these  were  placed  on  their  ends  in  long  erect 
racks  built  for  the  purpose.  Three  tiers,  one  above  the 
other,  numbering  ten  in  each  tier,  presented  thirty 
lime-casks  to  view  on  either  side.  Now  the  tops  of 
the  racks  are  wider  than  the  bottoms,  arid  of  course  the 
loads  spread  at  the  top  and  are  not  so  high. 

For  many  years,  after  letting  their  oxen  rest  on  the 
Lord's  Day,  the  farmers  started  them  at  sunset,  and, 
driving  during  the  night,  arrived  at  Thomaston  on  the 

»  N.  P.  Hawes's  MS. 


104  MINERAL  AND  ARBORAL  PRODUCTS. 

following  morning.  Now,  horses  are  frequently  sub- 
stituted for  oxen ;  and  the  plan  is  to  drive  on  Friday 
night,  so  as  to  give  teams  rest  on  the  Lord's  Day,  after 
their  return,  before  putting  them  to  the  regular  week's 
work.  But  neither  Saturday  nor  Monday  has  ever 
been  exclusively  the  market-day.  The  manufacturers 
or  carters  go  when  it  is  most  convenient  or  advanta- 
geous ;  and,  instead  of  being  limited  to  Thomaston, 
as  they  were  thirty  years  ago,  they  now  dispose^  of  the 
greater  part  of  their  hogsheads  at  East  Thomaston,  or 
Rockland,  which  has  grown  up  since  that  time,  and  to 
which  is  a  road  through  the  Camden  Hills  by  Mount 
Pleasant. 

If  no  more  were  carried  to  Thomaston  annually 
than  the  one  hundred  or  one  hundred  and  fifty  thou- 
sand from  Union,  it  would  be  an  item  of  value  in 
trade.  But  on  some  mornings,  thirty,  forty,  or  perhaps 
fifty  loads  of  various  sizes,  containing  from  twenty  to 
one  hundred  and  sixty  lime-casks  each,  are  seen  at  the 
market.  They  are  brought  from  the  country  nearly 
fifty  miles  back;  from  Hope,  Appleton,  Searsmont, 
Montville,  Liberty,  Palermo,  Washington,  Jefferson, 
&c.  The  farmer,  on  rainy  days,  goes  into  his  cooper- 
shop,  and,  in  the  course  of  a  summer,  has  time  to 
manufacture  one  or  more  loads.  The  hired  laborer, 
easily  taught,  thus  makes  his  rainy  days  and  leisure 
hours  profitable  to  his  employer. 

Having  carried  a  load  or  more  to  market,  the  man, 
in  comfortable,  if  not  affluent  circumstances,  brings 
home  flour,  groceries,  and  other  necessaries,  or  money 
to  pay  taxes,  or  he  lays  up  something  for  sickness  or 
declining  years.  The  team  returns  leisurely  north- 
ward on  Saturday  afternoon,  bringing  the  teamster 
reposing  at  fulLlength  on  the  bottom  of  his  rack,  with 
his  feet  in  an  opposite  direction  from  the  sun.  His  hat 
is  pulled  over  his  face  to  exclude  the  sun's  beams  from 
his  eyes,  and  his  body  vibrates  from  side  to  side,  as 
either  wheel  strikes  and  passes  over  a  stone  or  plunges 
into  a  hole.  A  barrel  of  flour  is  on  the  end  of  his  rack, 
and  a  bag  of  groceries   is   suspended  from  a  chain 


BARLEY  AND  RYE.  105 

across  the  top.  It  seems  as  if  such  must  be  a  hard 
life.  But  it  is  free  from  the  anxiety  which  sometimes, 
every  night,  week  after  week,  drives  sleep  from  the 
man  of  extensive  business ;  it  is  favorable  to  health, 
vigor,  and  independence ;  and,  when  to  these  are  added 
moral  and  intellectual  cultivation,  it  may  well  be 
doubted  if  there  is,  with  all  its  hardships,  any  life  so 
happy  as  the  farmer's. 


CHAPTER    XIII. 

AGRICULTURAL  AND  HORTICULTURAL 
PRODUCTS. 

Barley  and  Rye.  —  Indian  Com.  —  Wheat.  —  Potatoes.  —  Fruit.  — 
Peaches  and  Plums.  —  Apples. 

Barley  and  Eye.  —  Neither  rye  nor  any  grain  but 
barley  was  raised  on  the  St.  George's  when  Union  was 
settled.  "  It  was  thought  a  stupid  thing  for  Philip 
Robbins  to  go  back  into  the  country  to  get  a  living  on 
a  farm."  When  he  mentioned  to  Anderson  of  War- 
ren his  intention  of  raising  rye,  Anderson  scouted  the 
idea.  Robbins  is  said  to  have  told  him,  "  I  mean  to 
get  a  living  off  of  my  farm ;  I  shall  raise  rye,  and  you 
may  have  to  come  and  buy  of  me  yet ; "  —  a  prediction 
that  was  fulfilled  in  a  season  of  scarcity  which  fol- 
lowed.^ The  first  grain  put  into  the  ground  by  any 
one  in  town  was  rye.  Within  two  years  after  Philip 
Robbins  settled  here,  twice  as  much  rye  was  raised  on 
his  and  the  Mill  Farm  as  along  the  whole  of  the  St. 
George's.  The  common  kind  was  the  winter  rye.  It 
was  sown  in  autumn  upon  burnt  ground,  —  a  mode 
not  known  to  the  settlers  of  Warren,  who  supposed 
the  soil,  in  order  to  produce  grain,  must  be  ploughed,  as 

^  Jacob  Robbins. 
10 


106  AGRICULTURAL  PRODUCTS. 

in  their  native  country.  Since  the  woods  have  been 
cut  off,  the  summer  rye  has  been  introduced,  and  the 
sowing  of  this  kind  is  generally  preceded  by  plough- 
ing. In  1840,  according  to  the  town-valuation,  559 
bushels  were  raised ;  according  to  the  United  States 
census,  1,443. 

Indian  Corn  was  planted  on  burnt  ground.  By 
some  of  the  early  settlers,  the  ground  was  ploughed 
before  the  grain  was  put  into  it.  This  mode  of  cul- 
tivation was  inconvenient  among  the  roots,  stumps, 
logs,  and  knolls,  which  abounded  in  every  new  field ; 
and  experience  soon  taught  the  lesson  that  corn  came 
to  maturity  sooner  when  planted  in  the  warm  black 
mould  than  in  the  ploughed  soil.  In  1840,  according 
to  the  town-valuation,  3,151  bushels  were  raised ;  ac- 
cording to  the  United  States  memoranda,  4,960. 

The  year  1831  was  the  most  remarkable  for  corn 
which  has  ever  been  known  in  Maine.  It  flourished 
like  weeds,  and  ripened  very  early.  Ezekiel  True,  of 
Montville,  harvested  one  hundred  bushels  on  the  last 
day  of  August.  It  seemed  as  if  every  kernel  grew 
which  was  dropped  anywhere  on  the  ground.^  Suc- 
cess, however,  with  Indian  corn  is  uncertain.  An 
early  frost  has  often  ruined  the  crop. 

Wheat  is  raised ;  but  the  people  commonly  prefer 
to  buy  flour,  and  to  give  then-  attention  to  other  kinds 
of  produce.  Ten  or  twelve  years  ago,  much  interest 
was  taken  in  wheat.  In  1840,  according  to  the  town- 
valuation,  there  were  raised  3,013  bushels ;  according 
to  the  United  States  census,  2,658.  In  1837  the  crop 
was  4,249  bushels. 

Potatoes  were  a  very  important  article  of  culture, 
till  "  the  rot "  prevailed  extensively  in  1846.  Since  that 
time,  comparatively  little  attention  has  been  given  to 
them,  and  the  whole  State  has  been  obliged  to  aban- 
don the  cultivation  of  the  agricultural  product  most 
important  for  subsistence  or  for  export.  In  1840  the 
town-valuation  states  that  44,075  bushels  were  raised ; 

^  N.  Bobbins,  Esq. 


HORTICULTURAL  PRODUCTS.  107 

and  the  United  States  census,  that  there  were  44,960 
bushels. 

Peas,  Beans,  Turnips,  Carrots,  Beets,  Onions, 
Parsnips,  Cabbages,  yield  abundant  crops. 

Fruit.  —  There  are  several  kinds  of  fruit.  And  if 
each  man  would  give  a  little  attention  to  the  subject, 
and  plant  a  few  fruit-trees,  and  graft  or  bud  them,  he 
might  have  the  luxury  of  a  rich  repast  at  almost  any 
season  of  the  year. 

Peaches  and  Plums.  —  The  climate  is  so  cold  that 
peaches  cannot  be  raised.  But  there  might  be  an 
abundance  of  garden  plums.  Whenever  their  cultiva- 
tion has  been  properly  attended  to,  there  has  been 
great  success. 

Apples.  —  There  were  but  few  apples  till  after  the 
beginning  of  the  nineteenth  century.  Among  the  items 
of  property  belonging  to  Matthias  Hawes,  very  soon 
after  his  arrival,  is  recorded  "  a  box  of  apple-trees." 
Philip  Robbins  and  David  Robbins,  before  they  had 
been  here  long,  probably  did  something  in  the  way  of 
raising  them.  A  memorandum  made  by  Levi  Morse, 
Nov.    12,    1793,    says,   "  Set   fifteen    apple-trees.  .  .  . 

Nov.  17  and  18, 1794,  set  fifty  apple-trees Nov.  12, 

1797,  first  fifteen  apple-trees  I  set  bore  ten  apples.  .  .  . 
Our  orchard  bore  about  one  bushel  of  apples  this 
year  — 1798."  This  orchard,  and  those  of  Philip  Rob- 
bins  and  David  Robbins,  were  probably  the  first  in 
town.  In  the  year  1800,  Dr.  Sibley  had  one  or  two 
quarts  of  apple-seeds,  picked  out  of  pomace,  brought 
to  him  on  horseback  from  Hopkinton,  N.H.  They 
were  planted,  and  the  trees  disposed  of  among  the  in- 
habitants. Orchards  have  since  become  common  and 
large.  In  1826,  it  was  estimated  that  there  were  one 
hundred,^  which  produced  on  an  average  10,000 
bushels  annually.  According  to  the  valuation  of  1840, 
the  quantity  was  9,546  bushels.  But  the  interest  once 
felt  in  raising  them  for  the  purpose  of  making  cider 
has  diminished  in  consequence  of  the  progress  of  tem- 
perance. 

»  N.  P.  Hawes's  MS. 


108  MANUFACTURES  AND   TRADE. 


CHAPTEE    XIV. 


MANUFACTURES  AND  TRADE. 

Spinning  Wheels.  —  Looms.  —  Home-made  Clothing.  —  Fulling  Mills. 
—  Carding  Machines.  —  Factories.  —  Paper  Mills.  —  Tanneries.  — 
Potash.  —  Iron  Works.  —  Fossetts'  Mills.  —  Stores.  —  Carting 
Goods  to  Boston  in  the  War  of  1812.  —  Canals. 

MANUFACTURES. 

Spinning  Wheels.  —  The  old  spinning-wheel,  turned 
by  hand  and  doling  out  its  single  thread,  was  in  use 
from  the  first  settlement  of  the  town.  It  was  con- 
sidered indispensable  to  every  household.  The  spindle 
was  made  to  revolve  by  means  of  a  band  connecting 
it  with  a  large  wheel.  Notwithstanding  the  facilities 
for  manufacturing  yarn  at  the  present  day,  it  is  still 
occasionally  used  in  many  families.  The  only  im- 
provement in  it  is  the  "  patent  head,"  which  is  merely 
the  addition  of  an  intervening  wheel  between  the  large 
one  and  the  spindle. 

Looms.  —  The  old-fashioned  loom,  more  costly  than 
the  spinning-wheel,  was  not  so  common.  The  shuttle 
was  thrown  through  the  warp  with  the  hand.  The 
fly-shuttle,  introduced  about  the  year  1812  or  1815, 
was  considered  a  great  improvement. 

Home-made  Clothing.  —  By  means  of  the  spinning- 
wheel  and  the  loom,  the  inhabitants  were  able  to  pro- 
vide themselves  with  woollen  garments.  The  fleece 
was  made  into  rolls  by  the  tedious  process  of  carding 
by  hand.  By  the  industrious  housewife  the  rolls  were 
spun  on  the  large  wheel,  which  in  winter  was  brought 
up  before  the  kitchen  fire,  —  the  only  fire  in  the  house, 
except  when  there  was  company.  The  yarn  was  then 
woven,  and  the  cloth  taken  to  the  clothier,  dressed  and 
returned,  having  been  dyed  Holland-brown  or  smoke- 
color.  Cloth  for  striped  frocks,  and  for  some  other 
purposes,  was  made  and  worn  without  being  sent  to 


MILLS  AND   FACTORIES.  109 

the  fulling-mill.  A  tailoress  was  commonly  employed 
to  cut  and  sometimes  to  baste  the  garments,  which 
were  subsequently  made  by  the  wife  and  daughters. 

The  foot-wheel  converted  into  linen  the  flax  which 
was  raised  on  the  farm.  Winter  evenings,  when  there 
were  not  more  pressing  duties,  were  spent  by  the 
females  around  a  rousing  wood-fire,  in  knitting  stock- 
ings, mittens,  and  leggins,  from  home-made  yarn. 
Thus  was  every  family  practically  in  favor  of  domestic 
manufactures. 

Fulling  Mills.  —  The  first  fulling-mill  was  built 
on  Crawford's  River  in  1799,  by  Micajah  Gleason, 
from  Framingham,  Mass.  There  have  been  four  since, 
though  there  are  none  now. 

Carding  Machines.  —  The  first  machine  for  carding 
wool  was  built  by  Ebenezer  Alden  in  1806.  There 
have  been  four,  of  which  two  are  now  in  operation. 

Factories.  —  In  1809,  a  cotton-factory  was  built  on 
the  west  side  of  St.  George's  River,  just  below  the 
Middle  Bridge.  Its  operations  were  never  very  exten- 
sive. The  building  was  carried  away  by  a  freshet  in 
1832.  The  Farmers'  Woollen  Factory  was  built  near 
the  Upper  Bridge  in  1814,  and  owned  in  shares  of  ten 
dollars  each.  Wool  was  carded  there  as  recently  as 
1843,  though  no  cloth  was  dressed  during  the  two  or 
three  previous  years.  In  1843,  William  Gleason  con- 
verted into  a  woollen-factory  the  building  which  had 
been  used  for  a  paper-mill  at  South  Union. 

Paper  Mills.  —  Several  years  ago,  the  manufacture 
of  paper  was  carried  on  extensively.  The  water  in 
Crawford's  River  is  peculiarly  good  for  the  purpose. 
On  this  river,  in  1810,  was  erected  a  paper-mill,  which 
was  burnt  in  1818.  Another  building  was  put  up  in 
1819 ;  but  no  paper  was  made  there  after  1837.  Im- 
mediately above  the  Middle  Bridge  was  another  paper- 
mill,  which  was  burnt  early  on  the  morning  of  June  11, 
1843.  The  machinery,  said  to  have  cost  $3,000,  and 
unwrought  stock  valued  at  more  than  $2,000,  were 
destroyed.  The  paper  was  saved.  Insured  at  Wor- 
cester, Mass. 

10* 


110  MANUFACTUEES. 

Tanneries.  —  Richard  Cummings  was  the  first  per- 
son who  tanned  hides.  He  abandoned  the  business 
after  a  few  years,  and  the  people  traded  for  leather 
at  Warren.  In  1826,  there  were  three  tanneries; 
one  owned  by  Joseph  Beckett,  south-south-west  of 
the  Methodist  Meeting-house;  another  by  Susman 
Abrams,  a  Jew,^  a  few  rods  below  the  Middle  Bridge ; 
and  another  on  the  east  side  of  the  St.  George's  above 
the  Upper  Bridge.     In  1840,  there  were  four  in  town. 

Potash.  —  Soon  after  the  incorporation  of  the  town, 
Edward  Jones  made  potash,  in  small  quantities,  near 
the  Lower  Bridge.  For  several  years  in  the  early  part 
of  the  nineteenth  century,  Ebenezer  Alden  manufac- 
tured five  or  six  tons  annually  in  a  building  which  he 
erected  for  the  purpose,  on  a  rivulet  at  the  brow  of 
the  hill  east  of  Seven  Brook,  on  the  south  side  of  the 
road. 

^  Susman  Abrams  was  from  Hamburg.  In  early  life  lie  travelled  as 
a  pedler,  and  traded  in  old  clothes.  To  save  expense,  he  lived  on  bread 
and  butter,  carrying  his  butter  with  him  in  a  covered  pewter  porringer. 
It  is  supposed  he  fled  for  some  misdemeanor,  embarked  on  board  a 
fvessel,  and  was  concerned  in  the  sinking  of  it.  After  a  residence  in 
Waldoborough,  and  subsequently  in  Thomaston,  he  came  to  Union. 
Here  he  carried  on  the  business  of  coopering  and  tanning.  He  was 
never  very  successful  in  the  accumulation  of  property.  His  accounts 
were  always  kept  in  the  Hebrew  characters,  and  were  read  from  the  right 
to  the  left.  Not  being  able,  as  he  said,  to  translate  from  the  Hebrew 
into  our  language,  he  first  translated  into  the  German,  and  then  from 
the  German  into  the  English.  He  was  very  observant  of  his  written 
or  printed  prayers  ;  but  in  his  conduct  there  was  much  of  the  incon- 
sistency which  was  laid  to  the  charge  of  the  Jews  by  our  Saviour.  On 
one  occasion  a  Jew  came  to  keep  the  Passover  with  him.  The  iron 
vessels,  before  being  used,  were  heated  red  hot,  that  no  leaven  might 
by  any  possibility  remain  attached  to  them.  Being  very  fond  of  eels, 
Abrams  allowed  his  appetite  to  get  the  better  of  his  religious  scruples, 
and  ate  a  hearty  meal,  to  the  great  horror  of  his  brother  Jew,  from 
whom  he  received  a  very  severe  rebuke  for  the  unrighteous  deed. 
Although  he  professed  faith  in  Judaism  only,  and  not  in  Christianity, 
he  was  a  constant  attendant  on  public  worship.  On  Saturday,  which 
is  the  Jewish  sabbath,  he  abstained  from  hard  labor,  but  took  occa- 
sion to  ride  about  and  transact  business.  Not  recognizing  any  obli- 
gation to  keep  sacredly  the  first  day  of  the  week,  he  often  worked  in 
secret  at  his  tan-yard,  and  once  fell  into  a  vat  and  was  nearly 
drowned.  He  was  never  much  liked  by  the  men,  and  was  generally 
hated  by  the  women.  Nov.  29,  1810,  he  was  married  to  the  widow 
Mary  Jones,  of  Friendship.  He  died,  without  issue,  Oct.  6,  1830 ; 
aged,  it  is  supposed,  about  eighty-seven  years. 


TKADE.  Ill 

Iron  Works.  —  In  June,  1843,  an  iron-foundery  was 
established  at  South  Union.  Here  "are  made  all 
kinds  of  country  castings."  In  August,  1844,  busi- 
ness was  commenced  in  the  edge-tool  factory  of 
Vaughan  and  Pardoe.  Nearly  four  thousand  axes 
are  made  annually;  also  ship-tools  to  the  value  of 
about  $1,500,  and  cooper's  tools  to  about  the  same 
amount.  March  12,  1850,  J.  Vaughan  and  Co.  com- 
menced business  in  their  shovel-factory.  The  manu- 
factures at  all  these  establishments  are  regarded  as  of 
a  very  superior  quality ;  as  well  as  the  tool-work 
of  Bradley  R.  Mowry,  at  the  IVIiddle  Bridge. 

FossETTs'  Mills,  —  The  most  extensive  mill  esta- 
blishment was  the  Fossetts',  at  North  Union.  It  was 
completed  in  December,  1848,  at  an  expense  of  about 
$10,000.  Under  one  roof  were  a  saw-mill,  a  grist- 
mill with  "  three  run  of  stones,"  besides  a  corn-cracker, 
stave-machine,  shingle-machine,  lath-machine,  thresh- 
ing-machine, cleanser,  and  bolt,  —  all  carried  by  steam. 
They  were  destroyed  by  fire,  June  21,  1850. 

TRADE. 

Stores.  —  Brotherton  Daggett  says,  that,  though 
there  had  been  a  store  on  St.  George's  River,  there  was 
not  any  when  he  came  in  1789.  Edward  Jones,  near 
the  Lower  Bridge,  afterv\^ard  kept  a  few  articles,  which 
were  mostly  bartered  for  ashes.  It  was  the  largest 
collection  which  had  been  brought  to  Union  for  sale. 
In  1801,  Ebenezer  Alden  sold  goods  at  his  dwelling- 
house.  He  put  up  a  frame  near  his  potash,  and 
boarded  it.  John  Little  bought  it,  moved  it  to  the 
Common,  clapboarded  it,  and  finished  the  interior  in 

1802,  and  furnished  it.  The  building  is  now  occupied 
as  a  store  by  Asa  Messer  and  Israel  Hills,  the  second 
story  having  been  added.  Ebenezer  Alden  and  Na- 
thaniel Robbins  formed  a  partnership  in  the  fall  of 

1803.  Afterward  came  Mallard  and  Chase  ;  and  sub- 
sequently, from  Spencer,  Mass.  came  Charles  Pope  and 
William  Pope.  Major  Robert  Foster,  upon  moving 
into  town  from  Newburyport  or  the  vicinity,  during 


112  MANUFACTUEES  AND   TRADE. 

the  war  of  1812,  opened  a  store  at  South  Union,  on  the 
place  now  owned  by  Joseph  Vaughan.  It  was  the  only 
store  in  town  at  the  time.  Not  long  afterwards,  Alden 
and  Robbins  had  separate  stores.  There  have  been 
several  others  since  that  time,  some  in  the  remote 
parts  of  the  town.  In  1840  there  were  six,  in  1843 
there  were  eight,  and  in  1849  twelve  stores.  Barter  is 
carried  on  extensively  by  the  storekeepers.  The  inha- 
bitants sell  to  them  produce ;  and  much  more  business 
is  done  than  is  common  in  country  towns  which  are  not 
larger.  As  Thomaston  and  Rockland  are  extensively 
engaged  in  making  lime,  the  farmers  find  there  a  good 
market  for  every  thing  which  they  raise,  though  not 
unfrequently  the  agricultural  produce  and  the  meat  are 
carried  to  Belfast;  and  the  storekeepers  seU  butter, 
cheese,  &c.  at  Boston. 

Carting  Goods  to  Boston.  —  During  the  war  of 
1812,  when  the  British  had  possession  of  all  the 
United  States  territory  east  of  Penobscot  River,  many 
goods  were  carted  from  Hampden  and  Frankfort  to 
Boston  by  residents  in  Warren  and  the  vicinity.  Isaac 
HlQs  and  John  Burkett,  of  Union,  engaged  in  this 
business  in  1814  and  1815.  One  load,  previously  con- 
tracted for,  was  carried  from  Union  to  Boston,  after  the 
arrival  of  the  news  of  peace.  Duties  were  high.  A 
man  on  the  British  side  of  the  Penobscot,  according 
to  an  agreement  previously  made,  sent  goods  to 
another  on  the  American  side.  A  third  person  seized 
them  as  smuggled  property,  and  had  them  prized. 
The  person  to  whom  they  were  sent  then  gave  bonds 
for  the  whole  amount  for  which  they  were  prized,  sent 
them  to  Boston,  and  paid  the  bonds,  the  amount  of 
which  was  less  than  the  duties  would  have  been.  The 
journey  to  and  from  Boston  required  about  two 
months,  and  travelling  fifteen  miles  was  considered  a 
good  day's  work.  A  load  generally  contained  two  and 
a  half  tons.  It  was  drawn  by  six  oxen,  for  eighty  dol- 
lars a  ton,  in  wagons  covered  with  boards. 

Canals.  —  To  facilitate  trade,  an  Act  was  passed 
March  9,  1793,  authorizing  Charles  Barrett,  within  six 


CANALS.  113 

years,  to  cut  a  canal  from  Barretts  Town,  beginning 
"twenty-five  miles  above  the  head  of  the  tide  in 
George's  River, ...  to  communicate  with  the  sea  at  the 
mouth  of  said  river,"  and,  with  his  heirs  and  assigns, 
to  "have  the  exclusive  right  of  making  locks  and 
canals  upon  the  said  river,"  for  seventy  years ;  "  pro- 
vided," &c.  The  toll  was  one  shilling  and  sixpence  for 
every  ton  "transported  in  boats  or  other  vessels 
through  the  locks  and  canals  at  the  Upper  Falls  in 
said  river,  at  the  mouth  of  Senebec  Pond,"  or 
"through  the  locks  and  canals  by  the  Lower  Falls 
in  said  George's  River,  near  the  head  of  the  tide." 
The  sarnie  toll  was  to  be  levied  "  for  every  thousand 
feet  of  boards,  and  in  the  same  proportion  for  plank 
and  square. timber,  and  every  other  species  of  lumber, 
whether  transported  on  rafts  or  otherwise."  Every 
boat  or  other  vessel,  not  loaded,  was  to  "  pay  at  the 
rate  of  one  shilling  for  every  ton  weight  it  was  capa- 
ble of  conveying." 

The  canal  was  opened  only  from  Round  Pond. 
General  Knox,  of  Thomaston,  became  the  principal  or 
sole  owner  before  it  was  completed.  Its  construction, 
during  part  of  the  time  at  least,  was  superintended  by 
a  French  engineer,  sent  by  him  from  Philadelphia.  It 
was  used  for  several  years ;  but  the  great  profits  ex- 
pected from  it  were  not  realized.  Before  the  general's 
death  in  1806,  it  was  neglected ;  and  any  one  who  went 
down  the  river  with  lumber,  on  applying  to  the  lock- 
keeper,  was  told  to  "  lock  "  it  himself.  A  petition  for 
doubling  the  toll  was  presented  to  the  Legislature.  It 
was  dated  at  Union,  May  21,  1802,  and  signed  by 
Amos  Barrett,  Ebenezer  AMen,  John  Dickey,  Robert 
Dickey,  Eleazar  Dickey,  Nathan  Blake,  Amariah  Mero, 
Nathaniel  Robbins,  Josiah  Robbins,  Edward  Jones, 
and  Ichabod  Maddocks.  Still  the  canal  continued  to 
be  unprofitable,  and  was  allowed  to  go  to  decay. 

The  ■  population  of  the  towns  on  the  St.  George's 
having  increased,  another  canal,  in  1846,  was  laid  out 
from  Thomaston  to  Searsmont.  It  was  urged  that 
there  would  be  a  good   dividend  from  the  tolls  for 


114  MUNICIPAL  HISTORY. 

produce  and  kiln-wood.  The  opening  of  it  to  Sunny- 
bee  Pond  was  noticed  in  the  "  Thomaston  Recorder," 
immediately  after  its  completion  in  the  fall  of  1847. 
It  has  already  been  leased  for  several  years.  A  steam- 
boat has  been  on  the  canal,  and  once  went  into  Sun- 
nybec  Pond. 


CHAPTEE    XV. 

MUNICIPAL   HISTORY. 

Town  Meetings.  —  Notifications.  —  Places  of  holding  them.  —  Town 
Officers.  —  Oath  of  Office  in  1787.  —  Town  Clerks.  —  Selectmen.  — 
Assessors.  —  Constables.  —  Collectors.  —  Treasurers.  —  Tithing- 
men.  —  Fish  "Wardens. 

TOWN-MEETINGS. 

Notifications, —  The  inhabitants,  at  different  times, 
have  voted  that  the  notifications  for  town-meet- 
ings ^  should  be  posted  up  at  private  dwelling-houses, 

*  The  earliest  record  of  the  mode  of  notifying  the  inhabitants  is 
dated  April  2,  1787  ;  when  it  was  "  voted  that  the  constable  should 
set  up  two  notifications,  one  at  Mr.  Joel  Adams's  and  the  other  at 
Mr.  Philip  Robbins's,  and  that  should  be  sufficient  notice  to  warn  town- 
meetings."  In  1789,  one  notice  was  to  be  "  set  up  at  Mr.  Joel  Adams's, 
and  the  other  at  Mr.  Woodcock's  grist-mill."  In  1796,  they  were  to  be 
posted  up  "in  the  most  public  places  in  town,  and  where  meetings  are 
held  on  Sundays,  when  there  is  any."  April  2,  1798,  "  on  the  front  of 
the  meeting-house  twelve  days  prior  to  the  day  the  meeting  is  to  be." 
This  mode  was  continued  till  1805,  when  they  were  to  "  be  posted  up  in 
Messrs.  Alden  and  Robbins's  store."  In  1806,  on  the  meeting-house ; 
besides  which,  in  1807,  there  vwis  to  be  one  "at  Jason  Ware's,  or 
where  the  Methodist  meeting  is  held  ;  also  one  at  James  [Rice's]  seven 
days  prior  to  the  meeting."  In  1808,  the  third  notice  was  to  be  at 
Starrett's  Mills,  in  what  is  now  Washington.  In  1811,  at  each  of  the 
two  meeting-houses ;.  and,  in  1817,  an  additional  one  at  the  school- 
house  near  Sterling  Davis's,  ten  days  previous  to  the  meeting.  In 
1818  at  each  of  the  two  meeting-houses  fourteen  days,  and  in  1819 
at  each  of  the  three  meeting-houses  twelve  days,  previously.  In  1820, 
notifications  were  to  be  put  up  two  sabbaths  before  the  meeting.  In 
1834,  the  places  designated  were  the  Methodist  Meeting-house,  John 
Little's,  John  Lermond's  grist-mill;  and,  in  1838,  the  Post  Office, 
Lermond's  mills,  and  Fossett's  store.    In  1848,  at  the  last  three  places, 


TOWN-MEETINGS.  115 

stores,  mills,  school-houses,  meeting-houses,  and  the 
post-offices.  This  has  been  done  fourteen,  twelve,  or 
ten  days,  or  two  sabbaths,  before  the  meeting.  Occa- 
sionally the  time  has  been  only  seven  days  for  a  noti- 
fication  sent  to  a  remote  part  of  the  town. 

Sometimes  notices  were  added  at  the  bottom  of  the 
warrant :  "  Dec.  18,  1788.  All  those  that  have  any  de- 
mands on  the  town,  who  are  inhabitants,  are  desired 
to  bring  in  their  accounts  to  the  selectmen."  "  Oct.  4, 
1790.  The  inhabitants  are  requested  to  bring  a  list  of 
all  the  children  born  in  this  town  that  are  not  recorded, 
and  also  the  deaths,  so  as  the  clerk  may  make  a 
record,  as  they  wiU  avoid  the  penalties  in  the  law." 

Places  of  Meeting.  —  The  first  meeting  on  record 
was  the  plantation-meeting  held  at  the  log-house  of 
Philip  Robbins,  June  12,  1786,  in  regard  to  an  Act 
of  Incorporation.  The  first  meeting  after  the  incorpo- 
ration was  at  the  same  place,  Jan.  15, 1787,  for  organi- 
zation and  for  the  election  of  tow^n-officers  for  the  first 
time.  Here,  too,  March  5,  1787,  was  held  the  first 
regular  March  meeting.  The  meetings  were  continued 
at  private  houses  tUl  Aug.  29  and  Oct.  26,  1791.  On 
these  two  days,  they  were  in  the  school-house  which 
had  been  recently  built  near  Moses  Hawes's,  after 
which  they  were  again  held  in  private  houses  or 
barns.^    The  first  time  the  meeting-house  was  used  for 

and  at  the  Methodist  Meeting-house  ;  and,  in  1849,  at  the  same  places 
as  in  1848,  with  the  addition  of  one  at  the  East  Union  Post  Office. 

'  Town-meetings  were  also  held  as  follows  :  —  In  Moses  Hawes's 
house,  April  2,  13,  20,  March  19,  May  30,  Nov.  19,  1787;  March  8, 
April  5,  May  26,  June  25,  Oct.  4,  1790;  March  7,  April  4,  May  23, 
1791 ;  April  1,  Dec.  2,  1793 ;  Nov.  3,  1794 ;  March  2,  1795  ;  also  in 
his  barn,  May  7,  1792.  Rufus  Gillmor's  house,  Sept.  4,  1789; 
March  6,  1797  ;  and  in  his  barn,  July  8,  1793  ;  Feb.  1,  1799,  the  meet- 
ing was  adjourned  from  his  house  to  the  meeting-house.  Richard 
Cummings's  house,  Jan.  4,  1790.  Philip  Robbins's  house,  Nov.  5,  8, 
12,  1790;  Jan.  3,  10,  25,  1791.  Jonathan  Newhall's  house,  April  2, 
1792.  Capt.  George  West's  house,  Nov.  2,  1792;  March  4,  1793; 
March  3,  April  7,  1794  ;  Jan.  16,  March  7,  April  4,  1796.  Edward 
Jones's  house,  Sept.  1,  1794  ;  April  6, 1795.  Josiah  Robbins's,  Nov.  7, 
1796  ;  Feb.  6,  1797 ;  March  5,  1798.  John  Little's,  Nov.  7,  1814, 
where  a  moderator  was  chosen,  and  the  meeting  adjourned  to  a  future 
day  at  the  meeting-house. 


116  MUNICIPAL  HISTORY. 

the  purpose  was  May  6, 1795.  Here  the  town-meet- 
ings were  ordinarily  held  afterward.  The  inclemency 
of  the  weather,  however,  the  house  not  being  warmed, 
sometimes  compelled  the  people  to  adjourn  to  dwell- 
ing-houses ;  and  once,  March  5,  1804,  to  the  store  of 
Alden  and  Robbins.  Feb.  6,  1809,  Major  Maxcy  and 
Mr.  Pope,  who  were  chosen  moderators,  having  de- 
clined serving,  Nathaniel  Robbins  consented  to  dis- 
charge the  duties,  the  town  having  "  voted  that  Esq. 
Robbins  have  leave  to  wear  his  hat."  March  2,  1812, 
an  unsuccessful  attempt  was  made  to  have  the  town- 
meetings  held  half  the  time  at  the  Methodist  Meeting- 
house. April  2,  1838,  was  the  last  day  of  assembling 
for  town-business  in  the  Old  Meeting-house.  The 
next  meeting,  held  Sept.  10,  1838,  was  in  the  Metho- 
dist Meeting-house,  when  it  was  "  left  with  the  select- 
men to  procure  a  suitable  place."  Oct.  29,  1838,  it 
was  in  "  Bachelder's  new  building,  near  his  mill ; " 
April  1,  1839,  in  "  Ebenezer  Cobb's  new  barn ; "  aijd 
April  16,  at  the  Methodist  Meeting-house.  The  first 
meeting  in  the  Town  House  was  April  6,  1840. 

TOWN-OFFICERS. 

Oath  of  Office.  —  April  13, 1787,  a  warrant  was 
issued  for  a  meeting,  in  order  to  swear  the  officers 
chosen  at  the  annual  meeting  in  the  March  preceding, 
agreeably  to  an  Act  passed  March  10,  1787.  The 
meeting  was  adjourned  to  April  20,  when  each  of 
the  town-officers  subscribed  and  took  the  following 
oath  of  office :  — 

"  I  do  truly  and  sincerely  acknowledge,  profess,  testify, 
and  declare,  that  the  Commonwealth  of  Massachusetts  is, 
and  of  right  ought  to  be,  a  free,  sovereign,  and  independent 
State ;  and  I  do  swear  that  I  will  bear  true  faith  and  allegi- 
ance to  the  said  Commonwealth,  and  I  will  defend  the  same 
against  traitorous  conspiracies  and  all  hostile  attempts  what- 
soever ;  and  I  do  renounce  and  abjure  all  allegiance,  subjec- 
tion, and  obedience  to  the  king,  queen,  or  government  of 
Great  Britain  (as  the  case  may  be),  and  every  other  foreign 
power  whatsoever ;  and  that  no  foreign  prince,  persons,  pre- 


TOWN-CLERKS  AND  SELECTMEN.  117 

late,  state,  or  potentate  hath  or  ought  to  have  any  jurisdiction, 
superiority,  pre-eminence,  authority,  dispensing  or  other 
power,  in  any  matter,  civil,  ecclesiastical,  or  spiritual,  within 
this  Commonwealth ;  except  the  authority  and  power  which  is 
or  may  be  vested  by  their  constituents  in  the  Congress  of  the 
United  States  ;  and  I  do  further  testify  and  declare,  that  no 
man  or  body  of  men  hath  or  can  have  any  right  to  absolve  or 
discharge  me  from  the  obligation  of  this  oath,  declaration, 
or  affirmation ;  and  that  I  do  make  this  acknowledgment, 
profession,  testimony,  declaration,  denial,  renunciation,  and 
abjuration,  heartily  and  truly,  according  to  the  common 
meaning  and  acceptation  of  the  foregoing  words,  without 
any  equivocation,  mental  evasion,  or  secret  reservation  what- 
soever.    So  help  me  God." 

TOVTN-CLERKS. 

Moses  Hawes,  as  plantation-clerk,  signed  the  war- 
rant for  the  plantation-meeting,  June  12,  1786.  At 
that  meeting  he  was  again  elected  plantation-clerk; 
and,  Jan.  15,  1787,  town-clerk.  From  that  time  the 
office  has  been  held  as  follows  :  — 


1787-1793.  Moses  Hawes. 
1794-1802.  Edward  Jones. 
1803-1806.  Stephen  March. 

1807.  Edward  Jones. 

1808.  Jona.  Sibley. 
1809-1811.  Nathl.Robbins. 
1812.  John  Little. 
1813-1822.  Nathl.Robbins. 


1823-1828.  Henry  True. 

1829-1830.  Nathl.Robbins. 

1831-1836.  Jno.  Bachelder. 

1837-1846.  Cyrus  G.  Bach- 
elder. 

1846  (June  8)-1850.  Zuing- 
lius  Collins. 

1851.  Andrew  Libbey. 


SELECTMEN. 

1787.    Jan.  15.    Philip  Robbins,  Joel  Adams,  Jason  Ware. 

1787.  March  5.   Philip  Robbins,  Joel  Adams  (in  whose  place 

was  chosen,  April  13,  Jason  Ware),  Ezra  Bowen. 

1788.  Josiah  Robbins,  Jason  Ware,  Joel  Adams. 

1789.  Jason  Ware,  Josiah  Robbins,  Joel  Adams, 

1790.  Jason  Ware,  Josiah  Robbins,  Moses  Hawes. 

1791.  Joel  Adams,  Joseph  Guild,  Samuel  Daggett. 

1792.  Joel  Adams,  Amariah  Mero,  Joseph  Maxcy. 

1793.  Amariah  Mero,  Moses  Hawes,  Josiah  Maxcy. 

1794.  Amariah  Mero,  Josiah  Maxcy,  Jason  Ware. 

H 


118  MUNICIPAL  HISTOKT. 

1795.  Edward  Jones,  Ebenezer  Jennison,  Joel  Adams. 

1796.  Amariali  Mero,  Edward  Jones,  Joel  Adams. 

1797.  Amariali  Mcro,  Edward  Jones,  Joel  Adams. 

1798.  Edward  Jones,  Rufus  Gillmor,  Joel  Adams. 

1799.  Rufus  Gillmor,  Ebenezer  Jennison,  Josiah  Maxcy. 

1800.  Edward  Jones,  Rufus  Gillmor,  Josiah  Maxcy. 

1801.  Moses  llawes,  Josei^li  Maxcy,  Thomas  Mitchell. 

1802.  Joseph  Maxcy,  Edward  Jones,  Rufus  Gillmor. 

1803.  Joseph  Maxcy,  Rufus  Gillmor,  Nathan  Blake. 

1804.  Joseph  Maxcy,  Rufus  Gillmor,  Joseph  Morse. 

1805.  Rufus  Gillmor,  Joseph  Morse,  Nathaniel  Robbins. 

1806.  Joseph  Maxey,  Nathaniel  Robbins,  Joseph  Morse. 

1807.  Joseph  Morse,  Matthias  HaAves,  Marlboro'  Packard. 

1808.  Joseph  Morse,  Matthias  Hawes,  Marlboro'  Packard. 

1809.  Nathaniel  Bachelor,  Joel  Adams,  William  Hart. 

1810.  Nathaniel  Bachelor,  Nathan  Blake,  Joel  Adams. 

1811.  Nathaniel  Robbins,  John  Lermond,  Joel  Adams. 

1812.  John  Lermond,  Joseph  Morse,  Matthias  Hawes. 

1813.  John  Lermond,  Joseph  Morse,  Micajah  Gleason. 

1814.  John  Lermond,  Josej)h  Morse,  Micajah  Gleason. 

1815.  Nathl.  Bachelor,  Micajah  Gleason,  Nathan  Daniels. 

1816.  Nathl.  Bachelor,  Micajah  Gleason,  John  Lermond. 

1817.  Micajah  Gleason,  John  Lermond,  Thomas  Mitchell. 

1818.  Micajah  Gleason,  John  Lermond,  John  W.  Lindley. 

1819.  Micajah  Gleason,  John  Lermond,  John  W.  Lindley. 

1820.  Micajah  Gleason,  John  Lermond,  John  W.  Lindley. 

1821.  Micajah  Gleason,  John  Lermond,  John  W.  Lindley. 

1822.  John  W.  Lindley,  Herman  Hawes,  James  Littlehale. 

1823.  John  W.  Lindley,  John  Lermond,  Herman  Hawes. 

1824.  John  Lermond,  John  W.  Lindley,  Joseph  Morse. 

1825.  John  Lermond,  Nathaniel  Robbins,  Noah  Rice. 

1826.  John  Lermond,  Nathaniel  Robbins,  Noah  Rice. 

1827.  John  Lermond,  Nathaniel  Robbins,  Samuel  Stone. 

1828.  John  Lermond,  Nathaniel  Robbins,  Samuel  Stone. 

1829.  John  Lermond,  Samuel  Stone,  Spencer  Mero. 

1830.  John  Lermond,  Samuel  Stone,  Herman  Hawes. 

1831.  Herman  Hawes,  Samuel  Stone,  John  Payson. 

1832.  Herman  Hawes,  John  Lermond,  Peter  Adams. 

1833.  Herman  Hawes,  Peter  Adams,  James  Littlehale. 

1834.  John  Lermond,  Peter  Adams,  John  W.  Lindley. 

1835.  John  Lermond,  John  W.  lindley,  Jonathan  Carriel. 

1836.  J.  W.  Lindley,  Jonathan  Carriel,  Phillips  C.  Harding. 

1837.  J.  W.  Lindley,  Phillips  C.  Harding,  Nath.  Bachelder. 


ASSESSOKS.  119 

1838.  John  Lermond,  Peter  Adams,  Phillips  C.  Harding. 

1839.  Peter  Adams,  John  W.  Lindley,  Willard  Pvobbins. 

1840.  John  W.  Lindley,  Willard  Itobbins,  Wm.  Coggan. 

1841.  John  W.  Lindley,  John  Payson,  Nathan  Hills. 

1842.  John  W.  Lindley,  Ebenezer  Blunt,  Willard  Robbins. 

1843.  Ebenezer  Blunt,  Phillips  C.  Harding,  Wm.  G.  Hawes. 

1844.  Ebenezer  Blunt,  Phillips  C.  Harding,  Wm.  G.  Hawes. 

1845.  P.  C.  Harding,  George  Cummings,  Jo.  M.  Gleason. 

1846.  Ebenezer  Blunt,  Geo.  Cummings,  Elbridge  Lermond. 

1847.  Ebenezer  Blunt,  Geo.  Cummings,  Elbridge  Lermond. 

1848.  Ebenezer  Blunt,  Wm.  G.  Hawes,  Elbridge  Lermond. 

1849.  William  G.  Hawes,  Elbridge  Lermond,  Wm.  Coggan. 

1850.  Ebenezer  Blunt,  William  G.  Hawes,  John  Lermond. 

1851.  Ebenezer  Blunt,  William  G.  Hawes,  John  Lermond. 

Selectmen's  Compensation.  —  April  4, 1791,  "  Vo- 
ted the  selectmen's  work  may  be  allowed  as  highway- 
work  that  is  done  in  laying  out  roads  the  year 
ensuing."  With  this  exception,  there  is  no  record  of 
the  compensation  to  the  selectmen  till  "  April  5, 1802 : 
allowed  Thomas  Mitchell,  $5.50  ;  Capt.  Joseph  Maxcy, 
$4;  Moses  Hawes,  $12.84;  all  three  for  serving  as 
selectmen  the  year.  .  .  .  Voted  the  selectmen  be  al- 
lowed one  dollar  a  day."  This  compensation  con- 
tinues to  the  present  time,  the  selectmen  bearing  their 
own  expenses  when  on  duty. 

ASSESSORS. 

1786.  Jason  Ware,  Josiah  Robbins,  Samuel  Hills. 

1787.  Jan.  15.    Samuel  Hills,  Josiah  Bobbins,  Jason  Ware. 

1788.  Jason  Ware,  Josiah  Bobbins,  Moses  Hawes. 

1789.  The  Selectmen. 

1790.  The  Selectmen. 

1791.  Barnard  Case,  Josiah  Robbins,  Joseph  Maxcy. 

1792.  The  Selectmen. 

1793.  David  Robbins,  Jason  Ware,  Josiah  Robbins. 

1794.  Moses  Hawes,  Samuel  Hills,  Joseph  Maxcy. 

1795.  The  Selectmen. 

1796.  Edward  Jones,  Joel  Adams,  Moses  Hawes. 

1797.  Matthias  Hawes,  Josiah  Maxcy,  Edward  Jones. 

1798.  Edward  Jones,  Waldron  Stone,  Christopher  Butler. 

1799.  The  Selectmen. 


120  MUNICIPAL  HISTORY. 

1800.  The  Selectmen. 

1801.  Ebenezer  Jennison,  Josiah  Robbins,  Henry  Blunt. 

1802.  Josiah  Maxcy,  John  Tobey,  Nathaniel  Robbins. 

1803.  Nathaniel  Robbins,  Josiah  Maxcy,  Samuel  Daggett. 

1804.  Nathaniel  Robbins,  Josiah  Maxcy,  Samuel  Daggett. 

1805.  Josiah  Maxcy,  Samuel  Daggett,  Joel  Adams. 

1806.  Josiah  Maxcy,  Nathan  Daniels,  Joel  Adams. 

1807.  Josiah  Maxcy,  Samuel  Daggett,  Timothy  Stewart. 

1808.  Josiah  Maxcy,  Edward  Jones,  Joel  Adams. 

1809.  Josiah  Maxcy,  Ebenezer  Alden,  John  W.  Lindley. 

1810.  Simeon  Butters,  Timothy  Stewart,  Nathan  Daniels, 

Edward  Jones. 

1811.  The  Selectmen. 

1812.  John  Little,  Timothy  Stewart,  Spencer  Walcott. 

1813.  Timothy  Stewart,  John  W.  Lindley,  Herman  Hawes. 

1814.  Spencer  Walcott,  Bailey  More,  Henry  Blunt. 

1815.  Henry  Blunt,  Herman  Hawes,  John  W.  Lindley. 

1816.  Spencer  Walcott,  Thomas  Mitchell,  Nathl.  Robbins. 

1817.  The  Selectmen. 

1818.  Thomas  Mitchell,  Herman  Hawes,  William  Boggs. 

1819.  Thomas  Mitchell,  Herman  Hawes,  Sterling  Davis. 

1820.  Herman  Hawes,  Thomas  Mitchell,  John  Butler  1st. 

1821.  Thos.  Mitchell,  John  W.  Lindley,  John  Butler  1st. 

1822.  Spencer  Walcott,  Samuel  Stone,  John  Lermond. 

1823.  Thomas  Mitchell,  Spencer  Mero,  James  Littlehale. 

1824.  Herman  Hawes,  Calvin  Gleason,  James  Littlehale. 

1825.  Calvin  Gleason,  Ziba  Simmons,  James  Littlehale. 

1826.  Calvin  Gleason,  James  Littlehale,  Ziba  Simmons. 

1827.  James  Littlehale,  Calvin  Gleason,  Ziba  Simmons. 

1828.  John  W.  Lindley,  James  Littlehale,  Herman  Hawes. 

1829.  James  Littlehale,  Calvin  Gleason,  Noah  Bartlett. 

1830.  James  Littlehale,  Calvin  Gleason,  Noah  Bartlett. 

1831.  Calvin  Gleason,  Sterling  Davis,  Ziba  Simmons. 

1832.  Thomas  Mitchell,  James  Littlehale,  Ziba  Simmons. 

1833.  Henry  Blunt,  Christopher  Young,  John  W.  Lindley. 

1834.  Thos.  Mitchell,  Phillips  C.  Harding,  Herman  Hawes. 

1835.  Phillips  C.  Harding,  William  Coggan,  Nathan  Hills. 

1836.  Phillips  C.  Harding,  William  Coggan,  Nathan  Hills. 

1837.  The  Selectmen. 

1838.  William  Coggan,  Nathan  Hills,  Sterling  Davis,  jun. 

1839.  Ebenezer  W.  Adams,  Isley  Martin,  Jo.  Vaughan,  jun. 

1840.  John  Gowen,  Joseph  Vaughan,  Leonard  Barnard. 

1841.  James  Littlehale,  Jo.  M.  Gleason,  Stephen  S.  Hawes. 


CONSTABLES.  121 

1842.  Joseph  M.  Gleason,  Stephen  S.  Hawes,  Elbridge  Ler- 

moiicl. 

1843.  Joseph  M.  Gleason,  Stephen  S.  Hawes,  Elbridge  Ler- 

mond. 

1844.  Joseph  M.  Gleason,  Orson  Cromett,  Sterling  Davis, 

jun. 

1845.  Sterling  Davis,  jun.,  Cyrus  Gowen,  Elijah  Vose. 

1846.  Willard  Robbins,  William  Gleason,  Nelson  Cutler. 

1847.  The  Selectmen. 

1848.  ^Moses  Hawes,  Sterling  Davis,  jun.,  Charles  Fogler. 

1849.  Wm.  G.  Hawes,  Elbridge  Lermond,  Wm.  Coggan. 

1850.  Ebenezer  Blunt,  William  G.  Hawes,  John  Lermond. 

1851.  Ebenezer  Blunt,  William  G.  Hawes,  John  Lermond. 

Assessors'  Compensation.  —  The  assessors  have 
commonly  been  chosen  by  ballot ;  but  sometimes,  as 
March  8,  1790,  the  town  has  voted  that  the  selectmen 
should  be  the  assessors  for  the  year. 

The  compensation  has  not  been  uniform.  1793, 
April  1,  "  Voted,  for  making  taxes,  to  Capt.  Joel  Ad- 
ams, £1.  14s.;  to  Lieut.  Maxcy,  <£1.  4s.;  to  Amariah 
Mero,  £1, 12s."  1794,  April  7,  "  Voted  to  allow  IVIr. 
Jason  Ware  £\.  14s.  for  taldng  valuation  and  making 
taxes."  1802,  April  5,  "Allowed  the  following  accounts, 
viz.:  Josiah  Robbins,  $10.50;  Henry  Blunt,  $7.50; 
Ebenezer  Jennison,  $16.75 ;  all  for  taking  valuation 
and  making  taxes  the  year  passed."  1796,  April  4, 
"  Voted  the  assessors  have  83  cents  a  day  for  1795 
and  1796."  In  1797  and  1798,  the  compensation  was 
$1.17  a  day.  In  1800  it  was  $1  a  day,  and  so  contin- 
ued till  1847,  when  it  was  fixed  at  $1.25  ;  but,  in  1848, 
it  was  again  restored  to  $1  a  day.  No  extra  com- 
pensation is  allowed  for  board,  lodging,  or  travel. 
The  assessors  divide  such  expenses  by  entertaining 
each  other  at  their  respective  dwelling-houses,  while 
making  the  taxes. 

CONSTABLES. 

1787,  Jan.  15.    David  Pvobbins. 
1787,  March  5,  1788.    Abijah  Hawes. 
1789-90.    Samuel  Hills.  — 1791-1802.    Amariah  Mero. 
11* 


122  MUNICIPAL  HISTORY. 

1803.   Moses  Hawes.  —  1804-6.   Amariali  Mero. 
1807.    Spencer  Walcott.  —  1808.    Jabez  N.  Mitchell. 
1809.    John  Drake. —  1810.    Thomas  Mitchell,  jun. 

1811.  Thomas  Mitchell,  jun.,  Rufus  Gillmor. 

1812.  Thos.  Mitchell,  jun. —  1813-17.  Eben.  W.  Adams. 
1818-19.  Rufus  Gillmor.  —  1820.  John  Chapman  Robbins. 
1821.    Herman  Hawes.  —  1822.    Rufus  Gillmor. 

1823.    Nathan  D.  Rice.  —  1824.    Thomas  Mitchell. 
1825-28.    Isaac  Hills.  —  1829.    John  Chapman  Robbins. 
1830.    Samuel  Daggett,  jun.  —  1831.    Nathan  Hills. 
1832-33.    Nelson  Cutler.  —  1833,  Oct.  28.  Wm.  Caswell. 
1834.    Robert  Thompson,  jun.  —  1835-39.    Nathan  Hills. 

1840.  Christopher  Young,  Nathan  Hills,  Thomas  C.  Fos- 

sett,  Elbridge  Lermond,  Thurston  Whiting. 

1841.  Nathan  Hills,  Thos.  C.  Fossett,  Christopher  Young. 

1842.  Elisha  E.  Rice. 

1843.  Christopher  Young,  Nathan  Hills,  Elisha  E.  Rice, 

Thomas   C.  Fossett,  Joseph  M.  Gleason,  Robert 
Thompson,  jun. 

1844.  Christopher  Young,  Nathan  Hills. 

1845.  Christopher  Young,  Nathan  Hills,  Ebenezer  Blunt. 

1846.  Christopher  Young,  Nathan  Hills,  Ebenezer  Blunt, 

George  Jones. 

1847.  Christopher  Young,  Ebenezer  Blunt,  Edward  Hills, 

Charles  Fogler. 

1848.  Edward  Hills,  Christopher  Young,  Ebenezer  Blunt. 

1849.  Edward  Hills,  William  Caswell,  Christopher  Young, 

Charles  A.  Hawes,  Nathan  Hills,  J.  W.  Payson, 
Samuel  Haskell,  Thomas  C.  Fossett. 

1850.  Edward  Hills,  William  Caswell,  Joseph  M.  Gleason, 

Danford  Blackington,  Nathan  Hills,  William  Glea- 
son, Nathan  Whiting,  Christopher  Young. 

1851.  Edw.  Hills,  Christopher  Young,  Joseph  M.  Gleason. 

Constables'  Compensation.  —  May  20,  1799,  it 
was  "  voted  to  allow  Amariah  Mero  eight  dollars  for 
eight  years'  service  as  constable."  April  5,  1802, 
"  Voted  to  allow  the  constable  one  dollar  a  year." 
Oct.  28,  1833,  "  Voted  to  set  up  the  office  of  consta- 
ble to  the  highest  bidder."  It  was  taken  by  William 
Caswell  at  five  dollars  and  seventy-five  cents.  April  7, 
1834,  it  was  bid  off  by  Robert  Thompson,  jun.  at  fif- 
teen dollars. 


COLLECTORS. 


128 


COLLECTORS 


1786.  David  Robbins.,     ... 

1787.  Jan.  15.    David  Robbins..     . 

1787.  April  2.    Joel  Adams,, at    .     , 

1788.  March  3.    Richard  Cummings 

1788.  April  7.   Amariah  Mero 

1789.  Ebenezer  Jennison   .  .  . 

1790.  Ebenezer  Jennison  .     . 

1790.  Nov.  8.   Joel  Adams     . 

1791.  David  Robbins    .     .     . 

1792.  Samuel  Hills  .... 

1793.  Edward  Jones      .     .     . 

1794.  Timothy  Stewart ^  ... 

1794.  David  Robbins  2       .     . 

1795.  Josiah  Robbins ,  .     .     . 

1796.  Richard  Cummijigs  .     . 

1797.  Richard  Cummings  .     . 

1798.  Thomas  Mitchell      .     . 

1799.  March  5.   Edward  Jones,  who 

was  excused     .     ... 

1799.  April  1.   Nathaniel  Robbins 

1800.  Thomas  Mitchell    ... 

1802.  Spencer  Walcott       .     . 

1803.  Spencer  Walcott      .     . 

1804.  Jabez  N.  Mitchell    .  ,  . 

1805.  Spencer  Walcott      .     . 

1806.  Jabez  N.  Mitchell    .     . 

1807.  Josiah  Robbins    .     .     . 

1808.  Jabez  N.  Mitchell    .     . 

1809.  John  Drake    .... 

1810.  Thomas  Mitchell,  jun.  . 

1811.  Thomas  Mitchell,  jun.  . 

1812.  Thomas  Mitchell,  jun.  . 

1813.  Ebenezer  W.  Adams     . 

1814.  Ebenezer  W.  Adams     . 

1815.  Ebenezer  W.  Adams     . 

1816.  Jeremiah  Mitchell    .     . 

1817.  Ebenezer  W.  Adams     . 

1818.  Rufus  Gillmor     ... 

1819.  Rufus  Gillmor     .     .     . 


Os.  6d. 

Os.  lOd. 

Os.  lOd. 

Os.  lid. 

Is.  lOd. 

2s.  Od. 

Is.  lid. 

Is.  Od. 

Is.  7d. 

Os.  7d. 

Is.  lOd. 

Is.  7d. 

Is.  Od. 

Is.  4d. 

Is.  4d. 


per  pound, 
per  pound, 
per  pound, 
per  pound, 
per  pound, 
per  pound, 
per  pound, 
per  pound, 
per  pound, 
per  pound, 
per  pound, 
per  pound, 
per  pound, 
per  pound, 
per  pound. 


Is.  4d.  per 

Is.  8d.  per 

Is.  4d.^per 

Os.  8d.^per 

8  cents  per 

2c.  5m.  per 

8c.  Om.  per 

8c.  Om.  per 

7c.  5m.  per 

8c.  Om.  per 

7c.  Om.  per 

10c.  Om.  per 

3c.  Om.  per 

5c.  9m.  per 

6c.  8m.  per 

6c.  9m.  per 

5c.  9m.  per 

7c.  Om.  per 

Ic.  9m.  per 

2c.  5m.  per 

2c.  5m.  per 


pound, 
pound, 
pound, 
pound, 
pound, 
dollar, 
pound, 
pound, 
pound, 
pound, 
pound, 
pound, 
dollar  i 
pound, 
pound, 
pound, 
pound, 
pound, 
dollar, 
dollar, 
dollar. 


For  the  inhabitants.      ^  For  non-residents.      ^  Lawful  money 


124 


MUNICIPAL  HISTORY. 


1820.  Jolin  Cliapmaii  Robbins 

1821.  Herman  Hawes   .     . 

1822.  Herman  Hawes   .     . 

1823.  Nathan  D.  Eice  .     . 

1824.  Thomas  Mitchell      . 

1825.  Isaac  Hills      .     .     . 

1826.  Isaac  Hills      .     .     . 

1827.  Isaac  Hills      .     .     . 

1828.  Isaac  Hills       .     .     . 

1829.  John  C.  Eobbins  (April  6) 

1829.  Saml.  Daggett,  jim.  (Sept.  14) 

1830.  Samuel  Daggett,  jun 

1831.  Nathan  Hills,  giving  for  the 

privilege     .     .     . 

1832.  Nelson  Cutler      .     . 

1833.  Nelson  Cutler      .     . 

1834.  The  Treasurer      .     . 

1835.  Nathan  Hills.     .     . 

1836.  Nathan  Hills .     .     . 

1837.  Nathan  Hills,  giving 

1838.  Nathan  Hills .     .     . 

1839.  Nathan  Hills,  giving 

1840.  Nathan  Hills.     .     . 

1841.  The  T-reasurer     .     . 

1842.  Elisha  E.  llice     .     . 

1843.  Ebenezer  Cobb    .     . 

1844.  Ebenezer  Cobb    .     . 

1845.  Ebenezer  Blunt  .     . 

1846.  Ebenezer  Blunt  .     . 

1847.  Ebenezer  Blunt  .     . 

1848.  Ebenezer  Blunt  .     . 

1849.  Joseph  M.  Gleason  . 

1850.  Joseph  M.  Gleason  . 

1851.  Joseph  M.  Gleason  . 


Ic. 
Ic. 
Ic. 
Ic. 
Ic. 
Ic. 
Ic. 
Ic. 
Ic. 


per  dollar, 
per  dollar, 
per  dollar, 
per  dollar, 
per  dollar, 
per  dollar, 
per  dollar, 
per  dollar, 
per  dollar, 
per  dollar, 
per  dollar, 
per  dollar. 

4m.  per  dollar. 
Om.  per  dollar. 
8m.  per  dollar, 
(no  record.) 
4m.  per  dollar. 
5m.  per  dollar. 
iJg-m.per  dollar. 
9m.  per  dollar. 
7m.  per  dollar. 
Im.  per  dollar, 
(no  record.) 
(no  record.) 
5m.  per  dollar. 
5m.  per  dollar. 
Om.  per  dollar. 
Om.  per  dollar. 
5m.  per  dollar. 
5m.  per  dollar. 
5m.  per  dollar. 
5m.  per  dollar. 
5m.  per  dollar. 


3c.  Om. 

2c.  5m. 

3c.  Om. 

2c.  8m. 

2c.  7m. 

2c.  5m. 

Ic.  9m. 

2c.  9m. 

2c.  9m. 

Ic.  Om. 

2c.  8m. 

Oc.  9m. 


Oc. 
Ic. 
Oc. 

Oc. 
Oc. 
Oc. 
Oc. 
Oc. 
Oc. 


Collectors'  Compensation.  —  Against  the  preced- 
ing names  are  placed  the  terms  on  which  the  taxes 
were  collected  in  the  difFercnt  years.  The  office  has 
generally  been  "  set  up  at  vendue,"  and  undertaken  by 
the  lowest  bidder.  The  fii-st  record  of  this  proceeding 
is  dated  April  2,  1787;  and  the  assessors  were  in- 
structed "  to  add  sixpence  a  pound  on  the  next  tax," 


COLLECTORS.        !  125 

this  being  the  rate  at  which  the  collecting  was  under- 
taken. In  1846  and  since,  a  collector  has  been  regu- 
larly chosen,  the  terms  on  which  he  would  undertake 
the  business  being  understood  before  his  election. 

If  a  collector  fails  to  procure  satisfactory  bondsmen, 
or  to  do  the  duty,  or  resigns,  a  substitute  is  chosen. 
Nov.  3,  1794,  it  was  voted  to  allow  to  John  Butler 
Is.  6d.  on  the  pound  for  collecting  No.  3  tax ;  and  an 
order  of  the  same  date  was  accordingly  issued  to  pay 
him  £4.  Os.  4d.  The  No.  3  tax  was  the  one  for  the 
third  year  from  the  incorporation  of  the  town,  and 
Butler  may  have  discharged  part  of  the  duty  of  col- 
lecting it. 

The  collector  is  held  accountable  for  the  whole 
amount  of  the  taxes  committed  to  him,  whether  they 
are  against  responsible  persons  or  not.  The  risk  he 
thus  assumes  is  not  great.  A  very  poor  person  is  sel- 
dom taxed,  lest  he  should  thus  gain  a  residence  in  the 
town,  and  the  people  become  liable  for  his  support 
If,  after  reasonable  efforts,  it  is  considered  impractica- 
ble to  collect  any  one's  tax,  the  amount  is  remitted  by 
an  act  of  the  town^  in  town-meeting,  and  thus  the 
collector's  liability  ceases.  But  it  must  be  apparent 
that  the  collector  has  made  reasonable  exertion  to  ob- 
tain it.  Jan.  4,  1790,  an  article  was  brought  forward 
"  to  see  if  the  town  will  allow  John  Butler  such  taxes 
as  he  cannot  collect  on  the  tax-bills  committed  to  him 
to  collect,  for  the  reasons  that  he  can  produce  ; "  but 
"  the  town  voted  that  they  supposed  he  had  not  tried 
sufficiently." 

The  rates  for  collecting  taxes  sometimes  have  de- 
pended in  part  on  the  additional  duties  or  privileges  of 
the  collectors.  In  1839,  it  was  voted  that  the  person 
who  "bid  them  off"  should  "have  the  constable's 
berth."  In  April,  1843,  a  vote  was  passed  to  choose  a 
collector  by  ballot;  but  it  was  immediately  recon- 


^  April  6,  1829,  when  the  subject  of  abatement  of  taxes  came 
before  the  town,  it  was  '*  voted  that  the  selectmen  should  abate  such 
taxes  as  they  might  think  proper." 


126  MUNICIPAL  HISTORY. 

sidered,  and  the  selectmen  were  instructed  to  receive 
proposals  and  report  at  an  adjourned  meeting.  At  the 
adjourned  meeting,  it  was  "  voted  that  the  collection 
of  taxes  be  put  up  at  auction  to  the  lowest  bidder,  he 
having  the  privilege  of  being  constable,  and  doing  the 
business  of  the  town  gratis." 


1787-95. 

TKEAS1 

Matthias  Hawes. 

[JIIEES. 

1834-35. 

Nathl.  Robbins. 

1795-1800.  Jason  Ware. 

1836. 

Amos  Drake. 

1801-10. 

Levi  Morse. 

1837. 

Ebenezer  Cobb. 

1811-18. 

Spencer  Walcott. 

1838-43. 

Amos  Drake. 

1819-28. 

Ebenezer  Alden. 

1844. 

Bradley  R.  Mow- 

1829-31. 

DanLr.Harding. 

ry. 

1832. 

Nathl.  Pvobbins. 

1845-50. 

Elijah  Vose. 

1833. 

John  Little. 

1851. 

Spencer  Walcott 

The  name  of  the  town-treasurer  for  1792  and  1793 
is  not  on  record;  but  it  was  undoubtedly  Matthias 
Hawes.  He  was  regularly  elected  also  in  1795,  but 
soon  declined,  and  was  succeeded  by  Jason  Ware, 
May  6,  1795. 

Treasurer's  Compensation.  —  May  20, 1799,  "  Vo- 
ted to  allow  JNIr.  Jason  Ware  twenty-four  dollars  for 
four  years'  services  as  treasured"  April  5,  1802, 
"  Voted  to  allow  the  treasurer  six  dollars  a  year." 
The  same  allowance  was  made  in  1804  and  1805,  and 
has  been  continued  to  the  present  time. 

TITHINGMEI?'. 

1787.  John  Butler.  — 1788.    Samuel  Hills. 

1789.  Amos  Lawrence.  —  1790.    David  Woodcock. 

1791.  Jason  Ware.  —  1792.    Richard  Cumminojs. 

1793.  Christopher  Butler,  Seth  Luce. 

1794.  George  West,  Bailey  GrinncU. 

1795.  George  West,  Edward  Jones. 

1796.  Jessa  Robbins,  Levi  Morse. 

1797.  Bailey  Grinnell,  Joseph  Butler. 

1798.  David  Snell,  Thomas  Daggett. 

1799.  Christopher  Butler,  Matthias  Hawes. 

1800.  Matthias  Hawes,  Christopher  Butler. 


'o- 


TITHINGMEN.  127 

1801.  Jason  Ware,  Rufus  Dyer. 

1802.  Matthias  Hawes,  Jason  Ware. 

1803.  Rufus  Dyer,  Daniel  Walker. 

1804.  Joel  Adams,  Abel  Walker.  —  1805.    Amos  Walker. 
1806.  Danl.  Walker.  — 1807.    Danl.  Walker,  Abel  Walker. 

1808.  Jessa  Robbins,  Samuel  Daggett. 

1809.  (Marcb)  David  Ilobbins,  Wm.  Boggs,  Edward  Jones. 

1809.  (April)  Joel  Adams,  Thomas  Mitchell,  Samuel  Hills. 

1810.  George  Bowes,  Israel  Leavitt. 

1811.  Jason  Ware,  Christopher  Butler,  Abijah  Hawes. 

1812.  Samuel  Hills  1st,  Thaddeus  Luce,  Jessa  Robbins. 

1813.  Simeon  Butters,  Jessa  Ilobbins. 

1814.  Solomon  Hewcs,  Susman  Abrams. 

1815.  Jonathan  Carricl,  Solomon  Hewes,  Simeon  Butters, 

Joseph  Morse,  Samuel  Hills,  Richard  Cummings, 
Aaron  Young,  George  Wellington,  Jacob  Ring, 
Abel  Walker,  Thomas  Mitchell,  and  Zebulon  Sar- 
gent. The  latter  chosen  May  8,  in  the  place  of 
Otis  Bills,  excused. 

1816.  Sterling  Davis,  Simon  Fuller,  Spencer  Walcott,  not 

sworn;  Abijah  Hawes,  Jessa  Robbins,  Solomon 
Hewes,  Cornelius  Irish,  Amos  Walker,  Simeon 
Butters,  Jeremiah  Stubbs,  John  Butler  1st,  Benja- 
min Walker,  Samuel  Hills,  sworn. 

1817.  Cornelius  Irish,   Samuel  Hills    1st,    Simon   Fuller, 

Jessa  Robbins,  Calvin  Gleason,  Thaddeus  Luce, 
Abijah  Hawes. 

1818.  Jessa  Robbins,  Daniel  Walker,  Joel  Adams. 

1819.  Daniel  Walker,  Bela  Robbins,  Simeon  Butters. 

1820.  Daniel  Walker,  John  Walker,  Abel  Walker. 

1821.  Samuel  Hills,  Simeon  Butters. 

1822.  John  KicfF,  Simeon  Butters,  Phinehas  Butler. 

1823.  Daniel  Walker,  Simeon  Butters. 

1824.  Daniel  Walker,  Simon  Fuller,  John  Butler. 

1825.  Daniel  F.  Harding,  James  Maxfield,  Abel  Walker. 

1826.  Edward  Brown,  John  Hemenway,  Reuben  Hills. 

1827.  Zaccheus  Litchfield,  Roland  Cobb,  James  St.  Clair. 

1828.  Johnson  Pilsbury,  James  Maxfield. 
1829-41.    (No  record.) 

1842.  Joseph  Irish,  Obadiah  Harris,  Prince  Luce. 

1843.  Robt.  Thompson,  jun.,Elisha E.Rice,  Nath.  Whitney. 

1844.  George  W.  Butler,  David  Hill,  Ebenezer  W.  Adams. 

1845.  Nathan  Whitney,  Walter  Blake,  Nathan  Hills,  jun. 


128  MUNICIPAL  HISTORY. 

1846.  Horace  Titus,  Walter  Blake,  Nathan  Hills  2d. 

1847.  Abel  Walker,  William  Shepard,  Oren  O.  Stewart, 

Thaddeus  Luce,  Nathan  Walker. 

1848.  Abel  Walker,  William  A.  Thayer,  Samuel  Bowker, 

Isley  Martin,  Charles  Kahler. 

1849.  Obadiah   Harris,   William  Caswell,    Calvin   Boggs, 

Nathan  D.  Rice. 

1850.  William  Shepard,  Hugh  Gordon,  George  M.  Fossett, 

James  Davis,  David  Blackington. 

1851.  Hugh  Gordon,  Ebenezer  W.  Adams,  Nathan  Whit- 

ney, Samuel  Howland. 

In  1815,  the  law  for  prosecuting  violators  of  the 
Lord's  Day  was  vigorously  enforced.  As  the  com- 
plainant was  entitled  to  one-half  of  the  fine,  it  is  not 
to  be  supposed  that  he  was  always  indifferent  about 
the  fee,  or  that  he  was  actuated  solely  by  a  desire  to 
check  the  profanation  of  the  day. 

On  one  occasion,  a  teamster,  who  had  been  carting 
goods  to  Boston,  arrived  at  Waldoborough  on  Satur- 
day. Being  very  unwilling  to  spend  Sunday  on  the 
road,  he  took  his  departure  about  midnight  for  his 
home  in  Union.  One  of  his  oxen  was  thus  over- 
tasked, and  he  was  delayed.  For  this  delinquency  he 
was  complained  of  by  a  vigUant  tithingman,  whose 
house  he  was  obliged  to  pass,  and  was  fined. 

On  another  occasion,  a  citizen  of  Boston,  having 
heard  of  the  dangerous  illness  of  an  intimate  friend, 
was  hastening  home,  and  tarried  at  the  tavern  over- 
night. He  rose  very  early  on  Sunday  morning,  and 
quietly  departed  with  his  family  in  his  carriage,  while 
many  of  the  neighbors  were  yet  asleep.  But  his  de- 
parture did  not  escape  the  vigilance  of  a  tithingman, 
who  entered  a  complaint,  though  he  did  not  himself 
see  him. 

All  persons  were  permitted  to  enter  complaints ;  and 
sometimes  ill-will  was  gratified.  A  young  man  went 
to  spend  the  Lord's  Day  with  a  relative,  whose  nearest 
neighbor  he  disliked.  During  the  day,  the  neighboi* 
went  into  the  field  to  look  at  his  cattle  or  sheep.  Ac- 
cordingly, on  Monday,  a  complaint  was  entered  against 


FISH-WAEDENS.  129 

him  for  violating  the  Lord's  Day.  There  were  similar 
proceedings  in  other  towns.  They  show  the  practical 
operation  of  the  law. 

riSH-WAHDENS. 

1787.  David  Robbins,  Amariah  Mero,  John  Butler. 

1788.  Royal  Grinnell,  John  Butler,  David  Bobbins. 

1789.  Jessa  Bobbins,  Amariah  Mero,  Boyal  Grinnell. 

1790.  David  Woodcock,  Josiah  Bobbins,  Philip  Bobbins. 

1791.  John  M.  Wight,  Samuel  Hills,  Thomas  Daggett,  jun. 

Levi  Morse,  David  Bobbins. 

1793.  Edward  Jones,  David  Bobbins,  Christopher  Butler, 

Samuel  Hills,  Levi  Morse. 

1794.  David  Bobbins,  Josiah  Hart,  William  Hart. 

1795.  Bufus  Gillmor,  Philip  Bobbins,  Jessa  Bobbins,  Chris- 

topher Butler,  Josiah  Maxcy. 

1796.  Boyal  Grinnell,  Nathaniel  Bobbins,  Christopher  But- 

ler, David  Bobbins. 

1797.  David  Bobbins,  Christopher  Butler,  Moses  Hawes, 

David  Gillmor,  Bufus  Gillmor. 

1798.  Olney    Titus,    Josiah    Maxcy,    Christopher    Butler, 

David  Gillmor,  Nathaniel  Bobbins. 

1799.  David  Bobbins,  David  Gillmor,  Thomas  Nye,  Jere- 

miah Mitchell,  Matthias  Hawes. 

1800.  Thomas    Nye,    Bufus    Dyer,    Olney    Titus,    George 

Washington  West,  Boyal  Grinnell. 

1801.  David  Gillmor,  Edward  Jones,  Nathaniel  Bobbins, 

Matthias  Hawes,  Thomas  Nye. 

1802.  Olney   Titus,  Bufus   Dyer,  Edward  Jones,  Edwai'd 

Oakes,  Jesse  Bogers. 

1803.  A.  Mero,  John  Butler,  Nich.  Smith,  Tho.  Nye,  R.  Gill- 

mor ;  April  4,  Bufus  Dyer,  in  the  place  of  T.  Nye. 

1804.  Abel  Walker,  Boyal  Grinnell,  Nicholas  Smith,  John 

Clark,  Benjamin  Eastman. 

1805.  David  Bobbins,  John  Clark,  Calvin  Morse. 

1806.  Jonathan  Daggett,  Ezekiel  Hagar,  Amos  Barrett. 

1807.  Spencer  Walcott,  Thomas  Nye,  Christopher  Butler, 

David  Bobbins,  Boyal  Grinnell. 
,  1808.    Edward  Jones,  William  Hart,  James  Bice,  Nathan 

D.  Bice,  Bichard  Grinnell. 
1809.    Timothy  Stewart,  Thomas  Nye,  Zelotes  Tucker. 
1823.    Eben.  W.  Adams,  John  Butler  1st,  Phinehas  Butler. 

12 


130  TOPOGRAPHICAL  HISTORY. 

CHAPTER    XVI. 

TOPOGRAPHICAL    HISTORY. 

First  Burial  Place.  —  Old  Burying  Ground.  —  First  Private  Burying 
Ground.  —  Second  Private  Burying  Ground. — East  Union  Bury- 
ing Ground.  —  Hearses.  —  Common.  — Pound,  —  Town  House. 

BURIAL-PLACES. 

First  Burial  Place.  —  Fourteen  ^  persons  were  buried 
in  David  Robbins's  field,  on  the  point  of  land  which 
juts  into  the  west  side  of  Seven-tree  Pond.  The  only 
adults  were  Elisha  Partridge  and  Jessa  Robbins's  first 
wife. 

Old  Burying  Ground.  —  Who  owns  the  Old  Bury- 
ing Ground  ?  This  question  is  often  asked,  and  from 
the  town-records  will  now  be  given  all  the  information 
respecting  it  which  they  contain. 

Nov.  8,  1790,  Matthias  Hawes,  Ezra  Bowen,  and 
David  Woodcock,  were  chosen  a  committee  "  to  look 
out  a  plat  of  ground  and  procure  the  same  for  a  bury- 
ing-place,"  and  "to  settle  with  David  Robbins  in 
regard  of  the  inhabitants  that  had  been  buried  on  his 
land."  David  Woodcock^  died  Dec.  9,  and  was  the 
first  person  buried  in  the  Old  Burying  Groimd. 
March  7,  1791,  the  "  report  of  the  [other  members  of 
the]  Committee  on  the  spot  for  a  burying-place  at  the 
north  end  of  the  spot  for  the  meeting-house,"  was  ac- 
cepted by  the  town.  At  the  same  time  it  was  "  voted 
that  Mr.  Philip  Robbins  shall  clear  and  improve  the 

»  N.  P.  Hawes's  MS. 

2  Mr.  Woodcock  lived  at  South  Union.  The  road  around  the  head 
of  Seven-tree  Pond  was  so  bad  that  it  was  hardly  passable.  The  pond 
was  frozen  so  as  to  prevent  crossing  with  boats,  and  yet  the  ice  was 
not  thick.  The  funeral  procession  went  to  the  pond  ;  and  the  people, 
two  by  two,  passed  along  on  the  margin  very  near  the  shore,  at  great 
distances  from  each  other,  lest  the  cracking  ice  should  give  way  be- 
neath their  feet. 


OLD   BUKYINa-GROUND.  131 

spot  for  a  burying-place,  till  it  be  subdued  according  to 
his  proposal."  Aug.  29,  1791,  "  Chose  two  sextons 
to  attend  the  graveyard,  viz.  Rufus  Gillmor  and 
Nathaniel  Robbins."  It  was  expected  that  the  meet- 
ing-house would  be  erected  near  the  place  selected  for 
burials.  When  it  was  determined  to  build  the  house 
on  the  Common,  the  inhabitants  continued  to  bury 
where  there  had  already  been  several  interments. 

There  is  no  other  record  on  the  subject  till  Jan.  16, 
1796,  when  it  was  voted  to  fence  the  burying-ground 
and  measure  it,  —  a  vote  which  was  reconsidered 
April  4.  May  20,  1799,  Rufus  Gillmor,  for  twenty- 
five  dollars,  agreed  to  put  round  it  "  a  good  five-rail 
fence,  with  a  decent  gate  in  the  front,"  by  the  last  of 
June ;  and  David  Robbins,  Amariah  Mero,  and 
Thomas  Mitchell,  were  chosen  a  committee  to  see 
that  it  was  done  according  to  agreement.  April  7, 
1806,  the  selectmen  were  directed  to  fence  it  with 
boards  and  pine-posts.  April  4,  1808,  upon  an  article 
"  to  see  if  the  town  will  request  Mr.  Robbins  to  pas- 
ture the  burying-ground  with  sheep  and  horses  only, 
or  act  and  do  any  thing  relative  thereto,"  it  was 
"  voted  that  the  selectmen  be  a  committee  to  contract 
with  some  person  or  persons  to  fence  "  it,  and  report 
at  the  May  meeting.  In  May,  1809,  Amariah  Mero 
took  at  auction,  for  thirteen  dollars,  the  job  "to  make 
a  new  fence  on  the  north  side,  .  .  .  similar  to  that  now 
standing  by  the  road,  and  to  have  the  remainder  of  the 
old  fence  repaired  well."  The  records  make  no  further 
mention  of  the  subject  till  Sept.  10,  1827,  when  it  was 
"voted  that  the  selectmen  make  or  repair  the  fence 
about  the  burying-ground,  to  the  best  advantage." 
Nov.  7,  1836,  "  voted  that  the  selectmen  see  that  the 
burying-ground  near  Willard  Robbins's  be  fenced  as 
soon  as  may  be  for  the  interest  of  the  town,  and  with 
such  materials  as  they  may  think  most  suitable." 

There  is  no  record  of  any  purchase  or  agreement 
respecting  the  land.  It  is  doubtful  if  any  record  was 
made.  Mr.  Robbins,  the  owner  of  the  land,  gave  the 
place  to  be  used  as  a  burying-ground ;  it  being  under- 


132  TOPOGRAPHICAL  HISTORY. 

stood  that  the  town  should  fence  it,  and  that  he  should 
pasture  it  with  sheep  or  such  cattle  as  would  not  in- 
jure the  graves  or  grave-stones.  "  The  town,"  accord- 
ing to  the  late  Nathaniel  Robbins,  Esq.  "  has  generally 
been  negligent  about  fencing  it."  In  April,  1842, 
William  Gleason,  Calvin  Gleason,  and  Samuel  Stone, 
were  chosen  a  committee  to  examine  the  condition  of 
the  fence ;  and,  upon  their  making  a  report,  Aug.  27, 
it  was  "  voted  that  the  building  of  said  fence  be  left 
in  the  hands  of  the  selectmen."  Probably  nothing 
was  done;  for,  Sept. 29, 1845, the  town  voted  to  allow 
"  Willard  Robbins's  bill  for  repairs  done  on  graveyard- 
fence  from  1834  to  1845." 

At  the  meeting  in  April,  1842,  when  the  subject  of 
the  fence  was  brought  forward,  it  was  "  voted  that  the 
selectmen  procure  a  deed  of  said  ground  in  behalf  of 
the  town."  A  deed  w^as  not  obtained.  Sept.  29, 1845, 
when  Willard  Robbins's  bill  for  repau's  was  allowed, 
an  article  was  brought  forward  "  to  see  if  the  town 
will  allow  any  person  to  pasture  the  town  bmying- 
ground ; "  whereupon  Walter  Blake,  Nathan  Hills,  and 
Elijah  Vose,  were  chosen  a  committee  "  to  ascertain 
what  right,  if  any,  the  town  had  to  said  burying- 
ground,  and  report  at  the  next  town-meeting."  Their 
report  is  not  recorded.  In  July,  1846,  Nathaniel,  son 
of  Josiah  Robbins,  not  knowing,  and  not  being  able  to 
ascertain  from  his  father's  deed,  whether  he  had  any 
title  to  it  or  not,  gave  a  quit-claim  deed  of  the  Old 
Burying  Ground  to  his  son  Willard. 

The  situation  of  this  ground  is  very  beautiful ;  and 
if  trees,  shrubbery,  and  flowers  were  planted,  it  would 
be  one  of  the  most  interesting  spots  in  Union.  Here, 
too,  is  the  only  monument  in  town.  It  is  of  marble, 
and  was  placed  over  the  grave  of  Nathaniel  Robbins, 
Esq.  Dec.  4,  1850,  in  memory  of  him  and  his  wife 
Lovey,  who  is  buried  by  his  side. 

First  Private  Burying  Ground.  —  The  warrant 
calling  a  town-meeting,  July  4,  1820,  contains  an  arti- 
cle "to  hear  the  report  of  the  selectmen  relative  to 
buying  a  piece  of  land  for  a  burying-ground ; "  and  it 


PKIVATE   BURYING-GROUNDS.  133 

was  "  voted  that  the  selectmen  be  a  standing  com- 
mittee, and  make  further  report  respecting  the  burying- 
ground  in  the  west  part  of  the  town."  May  7,  1821, 
the  selectmen  were  authorized  to  purchase  a  piece  of 
land  of  Samuel  Daggett,  provided  they  could  obtain  a 
sufficient  quantity  for  a  sum  not  exceeding  twenty-five 
dollars.  The  next  mention  of  the  subject  bears  date 
April  5,  1830,  when  Calvin  Gleason,  Henry  Fossett, 
and  Henry  Blunt,  were  chosen  a  committee  "  to  make 
such  inquiries  as  they  think  proper,  as  to  purchasing  a 
piece  of  land  for  a  burying-ground."  The  town  voted 
not  to  accept  their  report,  which  was  made  Sept.  13. 
Individuals  then  took  up  the  subject,  and  a  justice's 
warrant  for  incorporation  was  granted  Nov.  22,  1830 ; 
at  which  time  ground  was  bought  in  the  corner  of  the 
field  made  by  the  two  roads,  about  100  rods  north-east 
of  the  present  graveyard.  The  funeral  of  Mrs.  Jane 
Bryant,  the  only  person  buried  here,  was  Jan.  14, 1831. 
The  ground  was  so  wet  that  the  coffin  rose,  and  the 
body  was  removed,  April  16,  1831,  to  the  present 
burying-ground,  which  was  purchased  by  a  commit- 
tee chosen  Dec.  30,  1830,  and  was  accepted  Jan.  22, 
1831.  The  burial  of  Mrs.  Jonathan  Morse  was  the 
next.  There  were  fourteen  removals  from  other  places, 
most  of  them  from  the  Old  Burying  Ground.  Henry 
Fossett,  Ebenezer  Blunt,  Brotherton  Daggett,  and 
Thomas  Mitchell,  had  each  of  them  one  child,  and  Cal- 
vin Gleason,  Nahum  Thurston,  and  John  Tobey,  had 
each  of  them  two  children,  reburied  here.  Beside 
these  were  Jonathan  Carriel ;  also  Phifip  Grinnell  and 
wife,  who  were  removed  from  Liberty  in  1834  ;  and  a 
child  of  Nathan  D.  Rice,  Nov.  18,  1835,  which  was 
re-interred  at  the  time  he  buried  another.  The  records 
were  remarkably  well  kept,  giving  the  ages,  and  also 
the  time  of  all  the  burials,  by  Samuel  Daggett,  the 
sexton  and  clerk,  till  his  decease  in  the  fall  of  1846. 

Second    Private    Burying  Ground.  —  A  justice's 

warrant  was  issued  Nov.  1,  1841,  and  a  meeting  held 

and  proprietors  incorporated  Nov.  8,  at  which  time 

may  be  dated  the  opening  of  the    Second   Private 

12* 


134  TOPOGRAPHICAL  HISTORY. 

Burying  Ground.  The  deed  of  the  land  probably  is 
of  a  later  date.  Formerly  the  spot  was  the  northern 
part  of  the  Rev.  Mr.  True's  orchard.  In  April,  1844, 
the  town  voted  to  pay  half  the  expense  of  building  the 
fence  between  it  and  the  Old  Burying  Ground.  It  is 
divided  into  family  lots,  cornered  by  marble  posts.  The 
first  person  buried  in  it  was  David  Cummin gs,  who 
died  the  24th,  and  not,  as  the  grave-stone  states,  the 
17th  of  March,  1842.  Several  bodies  in  the  Old  Bury- 
ing Ground  were  disinterred,  and  reburied  here.  Here 
are  the  only  tombs  in  the  town.  The  first  was  built 
in  the  north-east  corner  of  the  ground,  in  the  autumn 
of  1846,  to  be  a  temporary  receiving  tomb  when  the 
ground  is  frozen.  Before  this  time,  graves  were  dug 
during  the  winter.  The  first  person  whose  remains 
rested  here  temporarily  was  the  wife  of  Dr.  Jonathan 
Sibley.  A  few  weeks  aftei-ward,  the  tomb  was  again 
opened  to  receive  the  remains  of  IVIrs.  Reed,  who  was 
the  second  tenant,  and  who  with  the  first  was  interred 
in  the  spring  of  1847.  In  the  autumn  of  1848,  two 
contiguous  tombs  were  built  by  Ebenezer  Alden  and 
John  Little,  who  owned  adjoining  lots.  Some  of  the 
proprietors  have  ornamented  their  squares  with  trees. 

East  Union  Burying  Ground. —  July  4,  1820, 
John  W.  Lindley,  Micajah  Gleason,  and  Reuben  Hills, 
were  chosen  a  committee  "  to  examine  and  report  on 
the  petition  for  a  burying-ground  in  the  east  part  of 
the  town."  Nov.  6,  the  town  accepted  a  report  "to 
purchase  a  piece  of  land  of  John  Lermond  at  twenty- 
five  dollars  an  acre,  and  one  dollar  per  rod  for  the  wall 
standing  thereon."  This  land  was  about  100  rods,  in 
a  jQorth-easterly  direction,  from  the  present  private 
burying-ground,  and  near  a  large  rock.  Ephraim 
Bowley  and  four  (?)  children  were  buried  here ;  but 
the  ground  was  so  wet,  that  it  was  voted,  Sept.  11, 
1826,  that  "  the  treasurer  be  authorized  to  exchange 
deeds  with  John  Lermond,"  for  another  spot  "  more 
suitable."  The  spot  obtained  was  north  of  this,  on 
the  north  side  of  the  river,  near  the  mills.  Sept.  8, 
1828,  it  was  "voted  that  John   Lermond  build  the 


HEARSES.  135 

fence,  to  the  best  advantage  to  the  town."  Several 
persons  were  buried  here;  but  the  ground  was  so 
rocky,  that  nearly  all  the  inhabitants  in  the  vicinity 
united  in  purchasing  the  spot  now  known  as  the  East 
Union  Private  Burying  Ground.  The  first  burial  in 
this  yard  was  of  Sarah  G.  Collins,  who  died  Feb.  27, 
1846.  As  early  as  Aug.  17,  1846,  sixteen  bodies, 
mostly  from  the  second  place  selected,  had  been  re- 
interred.  The  ground  is  the  property  of  individuals, 
and  divided  into  lots. 

HEARSES. 

For  many  years,  the  remains  of  the  dead^  were 
carried  to  the  grave  on  biers,  which  were  borne  on 
men's  shoulders,  sometimes  two  or  three  miles.  There 
were  commonly  eight  bearers;  four  to  relieve  the 
other  four  at  short  distances.  Subsequently,  when 
horse-wagons  came  into  use,  the  custom  was  intro- 
duced of  removing  the  body  of  a  wagon,  and  "  strap- 
ping "  or  cording  the  coffin  to  the  axle-trees.  May  1, 
1817,  and  Sept.  27,  1822,  the  selectmen  were  autho- 
rized "  to  procure  a  good  decent  hearse  for  the  use  of 
the  town."  There  was  none  in  town  before  this  time. 
Dec.  20, 1823,  Abiel  Gay,  for  $23.50,  bid  off  the  job  of 
building  a  hearse-house,  sixteen  feet  by  eight,  and 
seven  feet  high,  and  agreed  to  have  it  done  to  the  ac- 
ceptance of  the  selectmen  in  June.  Sept.  13,  1824,  it 
was  voted  to  purchase  a  pall,  paint  the  hearse-house, 
and  repair  the  fence.  April,  1845,  P.  C:  Harding  was 
authorized  to  purchase  two  hearses,  with  palls  for  the 
same,  and  to  dispose  of  the  old  one.  April,  1846,  it 
was  voted  that  the  town  provide  a  hearse  for  the  bury- 

^  Of  course,  when  there  were  but  few  families,  a  death  was  imme- 
diately known  by  all  in  town.  Now  it  is  generally  announced  by  the 
bell.  Within  a  few  hours  after  a  death,  the  bell  is  rung  in  the  usual 
manner,  —  unless  it  be  in  the  night,  when  the  ringing  is  deferred 
till  the  following  morning.  Then,  for  a  male,  the  bell  is  struck  three 
Strokes  in  rapid  succession  three  times,  there  being  between  each 
three  strokes  an  interval  of  one  two  or  minutes.  For  a  female,  it  is 
the  same,  except  that  the  strokes  are  three  times  two.  After  this  the 
age  is  tolled,  —  one  stroke  for  each  year. 


136  TOPOGRAPHICAL   HISTORY. 

ing-ground  at  East  Union.  One  for  the  First  Private 
Burying  Ground  was  voted  in  May.  In  April,  the 
selectmen  were  authorized  to  purchase  two  harnesses 
to  accompany  the  hearses ;  also,  in  May,  another  for 
the  hearse  at  the  West  Burying  Ground. 

COMMON. 

The  Common  also  has  been  a  topic  of  much  discus- 
sion. The  earliest  record  alluding  to  the  subject  bears 
date  April  5, 1790.  "  Voted  that  boars  and  rams  shall 
not  have  the  liberty  of  going  on  the  Common."  Voted 
that  "  hogs  shall  have  liberty  of  going  on  the  Common 
at  large."  ^  Jan.  16,  1796,  Josiah  Bobbins,  Timothy 
Stewart,  Amariah  Mero,  Samuel  Hills,  and  David 
Robbins,  were  chosen  a  committee  "  to  apply  to  Da- 
vid Gillmor  for  a  deed  of  two  acres  for  a  meeting- 
house lot,  and  to  measure  the  same."  There  does  not 
seem  to  have  been  any  action  upon  the  subject  im- 
mediately; for,  Nov.  5,  1798,  the  town  voted  not  to 
accept  the  report  of  a  committee  chosen  to  lay  out 
the  Common  round  the  meeting-house,  but  "  to  have 
the  Common  as  surveyed  by  Mr.  Waldron  Stone." 
It  was  somewhat  rough  at  this  time,  as  we  may  infer 
from  an  article  in  the  warrant  for  May  27,  1801,  "  to 
see  if  the  town  will  clear  out  the  stumps  and  stone 
out  of  the  Common,  so  as  it  may  be  fit  for  training 

^  Votes  of  a  similar  nature  were  frequently  passed.  Hogs  were 
privileged  characters  each  year  afterward  till  1794.  From  1794  to 
1799,  votes  were  annually  passed  that  "  swine  be  allowed  to  run  at 
large,  being  yoked  and  ringed  as  the  law  directs."  With  the  excep- 
tion of  the  year  1804,  they  have  never  since  been  allowed  their  lib- 
erty, not  even  if  subjected  to  the  ignoble  yoke  on  the  neck  and  wire- 
ring  in  the  nose.  Several  movements  have  been  made  in  their  behalf; 
but  their  friends  have  been  so  disconcerted  in  town-meetings  at  hav- 
ing their  articles  always  "  dropped,"  that  it  is  many  years  since  they 
have  given  up  in  despair  all  attempts  to  procure  for  them  the  rights  and 
privileges  which  they  enjoy  in  some  of  the  streets  of  large  cities. 

The  general  principle  of  choosing  all  men  hog-reeves  who  have 
been  married  in  the  course  of  the  preceding  year  has  not  always  pre- 
vailed here.  Unmarried  persons  have  sometimes  attained  to  the  dis- 
tinguished honor,  though  there  is  no  record  that  the  honor  has  been 
conferred  on  anyone  since  April  4,  1825,  when  it  was  "voted  to 
choose  no  hog-reeves." 


THE   COMMON.  137 

for  the  town-soldiers."  The  same  warrant  contained 
an  article  "  to  see  if  the  town  will  accept  of  a  deed 
of  land  for  a  Common,  for  a  training-field,  from  Mr. 
David  Gillmor."  The  town  "  voted  the  selectmen  be 
a  committee  to  apply  to  Mr.  David  Gillmor  for  a  deed 
of  the  Common  in  the  best  manner  they  can  get  it 
for  the  town,  and  to  postpone  the  clearing  until  a  deed 
is  procured." 

April  4,  1808,  upon  an  article  to  see  if  the  town  will 
survey  the  Common,  it  was  "  voted  that  the  selectmen 
look  up  the  deed  of  the  Common,  and  put  it  on  record 
as  soon  as  convenient."  On  the  2d  of  May  following, 
it  was  "  voted  that  the  selectmen  survey  the  Common, 
and  compromise  with  Capt:  [Rufus]  Gillmor,  and 
David  his  brother,  by  giving  up  the  old  deed,  and  tak- 
ing a  new  one  on  the  terms  proposed  by  Capt.  Gillmor, 
and  get  the  deed  recorded."  Accordingly,  the  follow- 
ing deed  was  obtained :  — 

"Know  all  men  by  these  presents,  that  I,  David  Gill- 
mor, of  the  Plantation  No.  Two,  in  the  county  of  Hancock, 
and  State  of  Massachusetts,  gentleman,  in  consideration  of 
one  hundred  dollars,  well  and  truly  paid  by  Nathaniel  Bache- 
lor, Joel  Adams,  and  William  Hart,  selectmen  of  the  town 
of  Union  for  the  year  A.D.  1809,  and  their  successors  in  said 
office  as  selectmen  of  Union,  the  receipt  whereof  I  do  hereby 
acknowledge,  do  hereby  give,  grant,  sell,  and  convey  unto 
the  said  Bachelor,  Adams,  and  Hart,  and  their  successors 
in  the  office  of  selectmen  of  said  Union,  for  ever,  a  certain 
tract  of  land  lying  in  Union  aforesaid,  and  is  bounded  as  fol- 
lows, viz. :  Beginning  at  a  stake  and  stones  standing  west 
thirty-three  degrees  south  seven  rods  and  five  links  from 
the  south-west  corner  of  Capt.  Rufus  Gillmor' s  dwelling,  at 
the  northerly  corner  of  said  tract ;  thence  south  seven  de- 
grees east  [west  T]  fourteen  rods  to  a  stake  and  stones ; 
thence  east  fifteen  degrees  south  twenty-three  rods  to  a 
stake  and  stones  ;  thence  east  seventeen  degrees  north  thir- 
teen rods  and  five  links  to  a  stake  and  stones  ;  thence  east 
twenty-six  degrees  north  eight  rods  to  a  stake  and  stones ; 
thence  north  seven  degrees  west  four  rods  and  sixteen  links 
to  a  stake  and  stones ;  thence  west  fourteen  degrees  north 


138  TOPOGRAPHICAL  HISTORY. 

forty  rods  and  twenty  links  to  the  bound  first  mentioned, 
be  the  same  more  or  less ;  and  the  above  premises  are  to  be 
occupied  for  the  sole  purpose  for  a  Common  for  the  use  of 
the  town  of  Union,  to  have  and  to  hold  the  afore-granted 
premises  to  the  said  Bachelor,  Adams,  and  Hart,  or  their 
successors,  to  their  use  and  behoof  for  ever. 

*'  And  I  do  covenant  with  the  said  Bachelor,  Adams,  and 
Hart,  that  I  am  lawfully  seized  in  fee  of  the  afore-granted 
premises ;  that  they  are  free  of  all  incumbrances ;  that  I 
have  good  right  to  sell  and  convey  the  same  to  the  said 
Bachelor,  Adams,  and  Hart,  or  their  successors  in  office ; 
and  that  I  will  warrant  and  defend  the  same  premises  to  the 
said  Bachelor,  Adams,  and  Hart,  for  ever,  against  the  law- 
ful claims  and  demands  of  all  persons. 

"  In  witness  whereof,  I,  the  said  David  Gillmor,  have  here- 
unto set  my  hand  and  seal,  this  fifteenth  day  of  June,  in  the 
year  of  our  Lord  one  thousand  eight  hundred  and  nine. 

"  David  Gillmob,  and  seal. 
"  Signed,  sealed,  and  delivered  in  presence  of  us, 

"RuFUS  Gillmob. 
"Nathl.  Bobbins. 

"Lincoln,  ss.  June  the  15,  A.D.  1809.  Then  the  above- 
named  David  Gillmor  personally  acknowledged  the  above 
instrument  to  be  his  free  act  and  deed  before  me, 

"  Nathl.  Bobbins,  Justice  of  Peace." 

1809,  April  3,  the  town  "voted  that  cattle  shall 
not  be  allowed  to  run  loose  on  the  Common  on  pub- 
lic days."  Sept.  25,  1809,  David  Robbins,  Nathaniel 
Robbins,  and  Amos  Barrett,  were  chosen  a  committee 
to  keep  the  Common  clear  of  incumbrances. 

1830,  April  5,  an  unsuccessful  proposition  was 
brought  forward  "  to  see  if  the  town  would  pay  Daniel 
F.  Harding  and  John  Little  for  the  powder  already 
expended,  and  necessary  to  be  expended,  in  removing 
the  ledge  on  the  Common." 

1838,  Sept.  10,  an  article  was  "  dropped,"  which  re- 
quested the  town  to  "  authorize  the  treasurer  to  release 
to  D.  F.  Harding,  and  the  subscribers  associated  with 
him,  for  building  a  Congregational  Meeting-house,  the 


THE    COMMON.  139 

land  on  which  the  Old  Meeting-house  stood,  including 
that  portion  of  the  Common  below  Ebenezer  Cobb's 
line  and  the  road  leading  from  said  Cobb's  new  build- 
ing to  Zaccheus  Litchfield's  house."  This  was  at  the 
beginning  of  an  excitement  in  regard  to  the  location 
of  the  rneeting-houses.  At  different  times,  several 
votes  were  passed,  the  object  of  some  of  which  may 
have  been  to  test  the  feelings  of  the  town  as  to  how 
far  they  meant  to  allow  the  Common  to  be  trespassed 
upon.  The  deed  was  obscure ;  and,  Nov.  29,  1838,  it 
was  "  voted  that  the  selectmen  survey,  or  cause  to  be 
surveyed,  the  Common,  and  erect  suitable  monuments 
at  every  angle  and  corner,  and  ascertain  the  right  said 
town  has  to  it,  if  any."  April  1,  1839,  an  application 
was  made  by  the  Universalists  "to  see  if  the  town 
would  allow  Nathaniel  Bachelor,  and  such  others  as 
may  be  associated  with  him,  to  build  a  free  meeting- 
house near  where  the  old  house  stood,  blow  the  rock, 
and  level  the  ground  in  front  of  the  contemplated  free 
meeting-house.  .  .  .  Voted  that  they  be  allowed  to  blow 
out  the  rock  and  level  off  the  spot  in  front."  An  ap- 
plication came  from  the  other  party,  April  16, 1839, "  to 
see  if  the  town  would  allow  Joseph  Vaughan  and 
others  to  blast  rocks  and  remove  them  from  the  ledge 
on  the  Common  for  the  use  of  a  meeting-house.  .  .  . 
Voted  that  they  be  allowed  to  blow  out  and  remove 
the  rock  from  the  Common." 

Upon  recurring  to  the  deed,  it  was  found  impossible, 
by  pursuing  the  courses  marked  out  in  it,  to  arrive 
at  the  point  of  departure  ;  and  it  was  concluded  that 
the  word  east  meant  west.  April  29,  1839,  the  town 
"  voted  that  the  selectmen  survey  the  Common  as  now 
holden,  and  [that]  durable  monuments  [be]  erected  at 
the  angles  of  the  same,  and  a  plan  thereof  made  and 
filed  in  the  clerk's  office."  From  this  plan,  it  appears 
that  the  Universalist  Meeting-house  projects  somewhat 
upon  the  Common. 

Several  articles  have  been  brought  forward  in  town- 
meetings,  during  the  last  eight  years,  respecting  incum- 
brances   and   pasturing   cattle   on  the    Common,  — 


140  TOPOGEAPHICAL  HISTORY. 

designed  probably  by  a  few  individuals  to  tease  each 
other,  or  for  sport. 

POUND. 

Of  course,  the  cattle  of  the  early  settlers  grazed 
in  meadows  and  browsed  in  woods  in  the  sum- 
mer, and  were  fed  principally  on  meadow-hay  in  the 
winter.  Cow-bells  and  sheep-bells  were  fastened  to 
the  necks  of  the  leaders  of  the  herds  and  flocks,  so 
that  they  might  be  the  more  easily  found.  From  an 
early  period,  owners  have  left  with  the  town-clerks 
records  of  the  marks  of  their  cattle.  "  Thomas  Dag- 
gett's mark  for  his  cattle,  sheep,  &c.  is  half  a  crop  on 
the  foreside  of  the  left  ear,  and  the  end  of  the  right  ear 
cut  off.  Entered  Aug.  28,  1790."  Another  entry, 
dated  March  27,  1840,  "  is  a  swallow's  tail  on  both 
ears,  and  a  notch  in  the  underside  of  both  ears." 
Among  the  early  settlers  it  seemed  desirable  that  this 
or  some  other  mode  of  identifying  the  cattle  and  sheep 
should  be  adopted,  by  which,  in  case  of  their  straying 
or  doing  damage,  the  owners  might  be  known.  April, 
1824,  a  vote  was  passed  "  that  cattle  shall  not  run  at 
large  the  present  year."  Similar  votes  have  generally 
been  adopted  at  the  annual  April  meetings  since  that 
time. 

The  subject  of  a  pound  was  brought  up  June  20, 
1803,  but  voted  down.  March  3,  1806,  "  Voted  to 
build  a  pound,  and  set  it  near  the  Common."  It  was 
to  be  of  pine,  forty  feet  square,  and  to  be  completed 
by  the  first  of  June.  "William  Boggs  undertook  the 
job  for  forty-six  dollars.  It  was  erected  on  the  west 
end  of  the  Common,  and  occupied  the  spot  where  the 
store  of  N.  Cutler,  Esq.  now  stands.  Robert  Bunting 
was  annoyed ;  and.  May  2, 1808,  obtained  leave  of  the 
town  to  move  it  "  to  some  suitable  place  near  the  dwell- 
ing-house of  James  Rice,"  who  lived  by  the  Methodist 
Meeting-house  on  the  farm  now  owned  by  Nathan  D. 
Rice. 

April  1,  1822,  the  selectmen  were  chosen  "  a  com- 
mittee to  examine  the  pound,  and  to  report  their  opin- 


TOWN-HOUSE.  141 

ion  at  the  next  meeting  on  the  necessity  of  building  a 
new  one."  Sept.  9,  1822,  it  was  voted  to  build  one 
"  in  some  convenient  spot  on  Rufus  Dyer's  land ;  the 
same  to  be  built  of  rocks,  four  feet  thick  at  the  bottom, 
and  two  feet  thick  at  the  top ;  the  wall  to  be  six  feet 
high  with  rocks,  with  timber  on  the  top ;  three  square 
good  posts  for  to  hang  the  door  to,  with  a  good  door 
well  hung  with  iron  hinges  and  well  secm-ed  with  a 
good  lock;  the  whole  to  be  done  in  a  workmanlike 
manner,  and  to  be  twenty-five  feet  square  within  the 
wall."  The  building  of  it  was  put  up  at  auction, 
Nov.  4,  and  taken  by  Nathaniel  Robbins  for  twenty- 
eight  dollars. 

TOWN-HOUSE. 

As  early  as  March  3,  1806,  the  warrant  for  a 
town-meeting  contained  an  article  "  to  see  if  the 
town  would  build  a  town-house."  The  subject  was 
not  again  brought  forward  till  July  1,  1837.  The 
east  and  the  west  parts  of  the  town  became  divi- 
ded. Some  of  the  people  wanted  to  have  it  at  Bar- 
rett's Corner,  north-west  of  the  Middle  Bridge.  Some 
wanted  it  near  the  Methodist  Meeting-house,  on 
land  which  would  be  given  by  Nathan  D.  Rice ;  and 
others  near  the  Common,  where  Ebenezer  Cobb  was 
willing  to  have  it  erected  "  east  of  his  new  building, 
without  expense  to  the  town  for  land."  Each  of  these 
places  was  approved  by  the  town  at  one  or  another  of 
the  meetings.  Plans  were  also  adopted,  and  committees 
were  chosen  and  authorized  to  make  contracts  for  the 
building.  Even  a  deed  for  the  land  was  obtained  of 
N.  D.  Rice.  The  whole  population  became  excited ; 
at  one  meeting  reconsidering  votes  passed  at  a  preced- 
ing meeting,  or  in  the  earlier  part  of  the  same  meeting. 
The  people  often  met,  and  the  discussion  was  con- 
tinued till  June  17, 1839,  when  the  whole  town  rallied ; 
and  it  was  voted,  yeas  157,  nays  146^  "to  reconsider 
all  votes  formerly  passed."  This  being  done,  it  was 
"  voted  that  we  build  a  town-house,  to  be  located  near 
the  powder-house ;  and  that  it  be  built  according  to  the 

13 


142  TOPOGRAPHICAL  HISTORY. 

blue  plan,  40  by  48  feet,  as  accepted  at  a  former  meet- 
ing; that  the  selectmen  be  a  committee  to  superin- 
tend the  building  of  said  house,  and  give  directions  as 
to  the  height  of  the  posts  and  finishing  said  house. 
And  the  treasurer  be  authorized  forthwith  to  enter 
into  bonds  with  Ebenezer  Cobb  to  build  the  same  for 
the  sum  of  six  hundred  dollars ;  one-half  to  be  paid 
by  the  first  day  of  April,  1840,  the  other  half  by  the 
first  day  of  September,  1840,  when  said  house  is 
finished;  said  Cobb  to  furnish  land  and  other  mate- 
rials suitable  for  said  house." 

July  1,  1839,  an  attempt  was  made  to  procure 
another  reconsideration  of  the  votes ;  but  the  town, 

143  to  73,  "  voted  not  to  reconsider,"  and  the  select- 
men were  appointed  "  a  committee  to  locate  the  town- 
house  in  the  vicinity  of  the  powder-house,  and  agree 
with  Mr.  Cobb  for  a  piece  of  land  suitable  for  the 
same."  The  house  was  built,  and  thus  ended  the  strug- 
gle. A  stove  was  voted  April  7,  1845.  Further  de- 
tails^ would  be  uninteresting,  except  as  they  might 
illustrate  the  orderly  manner  in  which  town-affairs  are 
conducted,  when  hundreds  of  people  are  exceedingly 
zealous  in  matters  considered  favorable  or  prejudicial 
to  their  interests  and  convenience. 

^  In  April,  1844,  it  was  voted  that  the  building  should  *«be  used 
only  for  political  purposes ;  "  but,  April,  1845,  the  letting  of  it  was 
•'left  discretionary  with  the  selectmen."  April  7,  1845,  voted  that 
Ebenezer  Cobb  take  care  of  the  Town-house.  April  6,  1846,  the 
selectmen  were  authorized  to  lease  the  upper  part  of  it  "  to  John  W. 
Lindley  and  his  associates,  with  a  privilege  for  the  purpose  of  finish- 
ing a  hall ;  provided  they  shall  get  and  keep  the  Town-house  insured 
so  long  as  they  shall  occupy  the  same,  reserving  the  right  to  rescind 
the  lease  upon  paying  a  full  compensation  for  their  expenditures." 
The  building  has  often  been  used  for  public  worship,  for  justices' 
courts  and  courts  of  reference,  and  by  the  band  when  practising 
music. 


FIRST  MEETING-HOUSE.  143 

CHA.PTEE   XVII. 

FIRST    MEETING-HOUSE. 


Early  Efforts  for  a  Meeting-house.  —  Spot  selected.  —  Location 
changed.  —  Contracted  for.  —  Porch.  —  Raising.  —  Enclosed.  — 
Pillars.  — Pulpit  Window.  —  Outside  to  be  finished.  — Temporary 
Seats.  —  Pews.  —  Roof  to  be  painted.  —  Sale  of  Pews.  —  Names 
of  Owners.  —  Lock  voted. — Description  of  the  House.  —  Pews 
built  in  the  Gallery.  —  Repairs.  —  Stove.  —  Decay  and  Desecra- 
tion of  the  House.  —  Taken  down.  —  Associations  with  it.  —  Cus- 
toms. —  Marriage  Publishments.  —  Dogs  and  Dog  Whippers. 

The  present  generation  knows  but  little  about  the 
efforts  of  the  fathers  of  the  town  to  provide  a  place  for 
worship.  The  country  had  not  recovered  from  the  ex- 
haustion consequent  on  the  revolutionary  war.  The 
burden  of  building  a  meeting-house  was  heavy. 
The  people  were  poor.  They  were  also  embarrassed 
by  the  wants  and  inconveniences  always  incident  to 
new  settlements.  But,  in  their  day,  a  meeting-house 
was  considered  nearly  as  important  to  a  town  as  a 
dwelling-house  to  a  family.  Accordingly,  in  showing 
the  patience  and  perseverance  of  the  inhabitants  from 
the  beginning  to  the  completion  of  the  house,  more 
details  will  be  given  than  can  be  generally  interesting. 

1787. 

The  first  recorded  notice  occurs  April  2,  the  year 
after  the  incorporation.  Then,  every  house  in  town, 
except  the  Taylor  House,  was  made  of  logs.  Phihp 
Robbins,  Matthias  Hawes,  Josiah  Robbins,  Ezra 
Bowen,  Joel  Adams,  Moses  Hawes,  and  Abijah 
Hawes,  were  chosen  a  committee  "  to  look  out  and 
find  the  most  convenient  spot  to  set  a  meeting-house, 
and  procure  a  deed  of  the  same."  Philip  Robbins 
was  "  to  see  if  Mr.  Jonathan  Amory  would  give  a  lot 
of  land  for  the  support  of  the  gospel,  and  get  a  deed 
of  it.  .  .  .  [The  town]   would  not  do  any  thing  in 


144  FIRST  MEETING-HOUSE. 

regard  to  clearing  a  spot,  [or]  hiring  preaching." 
Nov.  19,  the  committee  reported  that  the  most  conve- 
nient spot  was  "  on  the  line  between  Josiah  Robbins's 
and  the  land  of  David  Gillmor.  •  Bounds :  South  cor- 
ner ;  north  thirty-six  degrees  east,  sixteen  rods ;  thence 
north  forty-two  degrees  west,  twenty  rods  ;  thence  south 
thirty-six  degrees  west,  sixteen  rods  ;  thence  south  forty- 
two  degrees  east,  twenty  rods."  This  spot  was  on  the 
hill  now  known  as  the  Old  Burying  Ground.  Samuel 
Hills,  Moses  Hawes,  and  John  Butler,  were  chosen  a 
"  committee  to  write  a  letter  to  Mr.  Amory  for  a  deed 
for  the  same." 

1788-90. 

April  7,  1788,  "  Voted  that  the  town  will  clear  up  a 
spot  to  set  a  meeting-house."  May  28, "  Set  up  at  ven- 
due, to  be  cleared  by  the  lowest  bidder.  Bid  off  by  Ama- 
riah  Mero,  who  is  to  clear  and  fence,  and  seed  to  grass 
for  the  first  crop,  and  to  have  the  improvement  till  the 
town  call  for  it  for  the  above  use ;  he  keeping  the  brush 
down  and  fence  in  good  order."  July  14,  the  town 
"  voted  that  they  would  build,"  and  "  that  a  tax  of 
<£110  be  assessed  and  collected,  in  boards,  shingles,  or 
any  thing  that  is  necessary  to  build  a  meeting-house, 
and  that  it  be  paid  in  by  the  last  of  May,  1789." 
Messrs.  Woodcock,  Josiah  Robbins,  and  Moses  Hawes, 
were  chosen  a  committee  to  receive  and  prize  the  lum- 
ber. The  work,  however,  progressed  slowly.  The 
time  for  payment  was  extended  to  June  1,  1790.  An 
unsuccessful  attempt  was  made  to  reconsider  the  vote 
passed  July  14,  1788. 

1791. 

March  7,  the  town  "chose  Josiah  Robbins,  Joel 
Adams,  Thomas  Daggett,  Philip  Robbins,  and  Joseph 
Maxcy,  a  committee  to  receive  and  prize  the  lumber ; " 
and  the  time  for  payment  was  "lengthened  to  IJ 
months  from  the  date  of  this  meeting.  .  .  .  Voted  the 
thanks  of  the  town  be  given  to  the  committee  for 
services  done  in  procuring  a  bond  for  a  deed  of  Mr. 


MEASURES  FOR  BUILDING.  145 

Woodcock  in  behalf   of  Mr.  Jonathan  Amory  for  a 
[spot]  to  set  a  meeting-house." 

.       1792. 

April  2,  "  Voted  to  set  the  meeting-house  on  the 
north  side  of  the  road  from  Capt.  West's  to  Christo- 
pher Butler's,  and  on  the  east  of  the  road  to  Senebec 
Pond,  in  the  crotch  by  Mr.  Gillmor's  new  field."  ^  Jo- 
siah  Bobbins,  Joel  Adams,  Philip  Robbins,  Bela  Rob- 
bins,  Seth  Luce,  Joseph  Maxcy,  Samuel  Daggett, 
Joseph  Guild,  and  Capt.  George  West,  were  chosen  a 
committee  "  to  look  out  the  most  convenient  spot  near 
where  it  now  is  "  voted,  and  to  "  agree  with  Mr.  Gill- 
mor  for  the  spot,  and  make  their  report  at  the  next 
meeting."  It  was  voted  that  the  house  should  be 
forty  feet  by  fifty,  ^  and  that  Matthias  Hawes,  Joseph 
Maxcy,  and  Amariah  Mero,  should  be  a  committee 
"  to  inquire  of  a  suitable  person,  of  the  cost  and  plan 
of  such  a  house."  May  7,  the  town  chose  Capt. 
George  West  "  chairman  of  the  town's  committee," 
to  which  they  added  Mr.  Thomas  Daggett.  At  the 
same  time  they  accepted  the  "  spot  the  committee 
looked  out  to  set  a  meeting-house  on,"  and  chose 
Joseph  Maxcy,  Amariah  Mero,  and  Edward  Jones,  "  a 
committee  of  three  to  draw  a  plan  and  prize  produce 
to  pay  the  <£110  tax  that  was  granted." 

More  than  five  years  had  thus  passed  away.  Dec.  12, 
1792,  effectual  measures  were  taken  for  making  a  be- 
ginning. It  was  voted  to  put  up  at  auction  the  job  of 
furnishing  a  frame  of  the  following  dimensions  :  — 

Two  sills,  50  feet  long,  12  inches  square,  oak. 
Five  sills,  40  feet  long,  12  inches  square,  oak. 
Two  plates,  50  feet  long,  8  inches  by  12,  pine. 
Six  beams,  42  feet  long,  12  inches  by  14,  pine. 

^  At  the  same  time,  Ebenezer  Robbins  and  his  estate  were  "  set  off 
to  Thomaston  to  do  duty  and  to  receive  privilege  in  building  a  meet- 
ing-house and  supporting  the  gospel  —  at  his  request." 

^  At  the  next  meeting,  the  size  was  reconsidered,  and  it  was  voted 
to  build  forty  feet  square.     This  vote  was  again  reconsidered  Nov.  2, 
and  the  house  was  built  forty  feet  by  fifty. 
13* 


146  FIRST  MEETING-HOUSE. 

Two  gallery  girths,  40  feet  long,  12  inches  square,  pine. 

One  gallery  girth,  30  feet  long,  12  inches  square,  pine. 

Sixteen  posts,  25  feet  long,  12  inches  at  the  foot,  oak. 

Ten  beams,  12  feet  long,  10  inches  by  12,  pine. 

Six  girths,  13  feet  long,  8  inches  by  10,  oak. 

Four  girths,  12  feet  long,  8  inches  by  10,  oak. 

Six  girths,  10  feet  long,  8  inches  by  10,  oak. 

Twelve  rafters,  28  feet  long,  8  inches  square  at  head,  ten  of 

them  pine,  and  two  oak. 
Four  kingposts,  20  feet  long,  10  inches  by  12,  oak. 

The  contract  was  taken  by  Josiah  Robbins  for  £32, 
the  lumber  to  be  "  on  the  spot  by  the  first  of  June,  all 
but  the  slit-work,  and  that  by  the  first  of  May." 
"  Voted  there  shall  be  a  committee  to  take  the  taxes, 
and  deduct  out  X40  to  pay  for  the  getting  of  the  tim- 
ber, and  average  the  remainder  on  the  inhabitants  and 
non-residents,  to  be  paid  in  materials  as  follows : 
Boards,  shingles,  joists,  or  slit- work,  at  prices  set  by  a 
committee  heretofore  chosen.  And  this  committee 
shall  examine  the  lumber  so  delivered,  and  give  orders 
on  the  collector,  which  shall  pay  so  much  of  their  taxes." 

1793. 

March  4,  an  assessment  of  £50  was  voted  ^  for 
framing,  raising,  and  inclosing  the  house ;  and  Philip 
Robbins,  Rufus  Gillmor,  and  George  West,  were 
chosen  a  committee  to  procure  workmen.  Uriah  Cof- 
fin bid  off  at  auction  a  contract  to  furnish,  for  £4, 
sixty  sleepers  hewed  on  two  sides,  eight  inches  thick, 
oak  or  hemlock.  April  1, "  Voted  to  build  a  porch,  and 
there  should  be  168  feet  of  square  timber  and  76  feet 
hewed  on  two  sides  for  sleepers,  and  that  application 
siiould  be  made  to  Mr.  Bosworth^  for  the  dimensions 
of  the  same."  Bid  off  by  C.  Butler  for  £1.  14s. 
Thirty  pounds  were  voted,  Dec.  2  and  on  the  seventh 
of  the  following  April,  "  towards  finishing  "  the  house. 

^  At  the  same  time,  it  was  voted  "  to  give  Mr.  Ebenezer  Robbins 
his  meeting-house  tax,  as  he  is  old,  and  nearly  past  his  labor." 

2  Mr.  Bosworth,  of  Warren,  "  was  the  master-builder,  and  almost 
the  only  man  who  knew  how  to  do  such  work." 


THE   RAISING.  147 

In  autumn  the  frame  was  completed.  The  day  for 
raising  it  must  have  been  one  of  extraordinary  inte- 
rest. The  hearts  of  the  people  were  gladdened  at  the 
prospect  of  obtaining  what  had  been  the  subject  of 
many  prayers  and  a  great  deal  of  anxiety  and  Yankee 
calculation  for  more  than  six  years.  A  "  raising,"  too, 
in  those  days,  was  very  laborious.  Rigging  and  ma- 
chinery were  seldom  used.  The  timber  was  com- 
monly large  and  heavy.  Pike-poles  and  men's  arms 
were  the  means  by  which  a  frame  was  put  up.  In 
raising  so  large  a  building  as  a  meeting-house,  it  was 
necessary  to  look  to  neighboring  towns  for  assistance. 

Accordingly,  on  Wednesday,  Oct.  3,  when  the  sun 
rose  above  the  forests  and  shone  on  the  few  cultivated 
fields,  it  requires  no  great  stretch  of  the  imagination  to 
picture  the  moving  of  most  of  the  population  of  Union, 
and  of  many  persons  from  Warren  and  Thomaston,  and 
of  some  perhaps  from  Waldoborough,  towards  a  com- 
mon centre.  Some  were  in  boats  on  the  pond  and 
river.  Others  were  on  horseback.  The  greater  part 
were  on  foot,  wending  then  way  through  the  woods, 
among  stumps,  stones,  and  holes,  and  over  corduroy 
roads.  As  they  passed  by  the  humble  dwellings, — 
for,  with  very  few  exceptions,  the  habitations  were  log- 
houses,  —  they  were  hailed  with  loud,  sharp  voices  and 
a  hearty  welcome  to  "  come  in  and  take  some  refresh- 
ment, or  something  to  eat."  On  the  tables  were 
placed  the  best  of  every  thing  which  could  be  furnished 
from  the  herds,  flocks,  fields,  and  barn-yards. 

By  Philip  Robbins  a  corner-stone  had  been  pre- 
viously taken  out  of  the  river  near  Bachelor's  Mills. 
It  was  laid  by  means  of  a  compass  east  and  west, 
without  any  other  ceremony.  As  it  was  always  cus- 
tomary for  all  who  attended  a  "  raising  "  to  labor  gra- 
tuitously and  to  be  furnished  with  refreshments,  "Rufus 
Gillmor  got  a  barrel  of  rum,  and  the  men  took  their 
eleven  o'clock  and  their  four  o'clock  in  good  shape." 
Amariah  Mero  applied  to  the  heavy  timbers  some 
rigging  which  he  had  previously  borrowed  at  Warren. 
The  band  of  the  frame  on  the  east  end  was  raised  by 


148  FIRST  MEETING-HOUSE. 

fastening  the  rigging  to  the  limbs  of  a  native  oak, 
which  was  near  it.  One  piece  of  timber,  and  then 
another,  was  slowly  and  tediously  lifted,  till  all  were 
put  in  their  places.  After  two  days,  or  perhaps  three, 
of  excessive  labor,  the  raising  was  completed.  It  is 
said,  that,  to  the  eyes  and  imaginations  of  some  of 
the  inhabitants,  it  seemed  almost  as  if  they  were  to 
have  a  Solomon's  Temple.  A  general  enthusiasm  pre- 
vailed among  the  population,  which  was  then  so 
smalF  that  nearly  one-half  of  the  persons  who  as- 
sisted in  the  raising  were  from  the  neighboring  towns. 
Upon  hearing  the  report  of  the  building  committee, 
Dec.  2,  it  was  "  voted  that  the  time  for  getting  lumber 
for  the  meeting-house  be  prolonged  tiU  the  middle  of 
the  next  March."  Afterward,  little  by  little,  for  many 
years,  additions  and  improvements  were  made  accord- 
ing to  the  inclinations  and  ability  of  the  people. 

1794. 

AprU  7,  thirty  pounds  were  granted  toward  finish- 
ing the  house.  Sept.  1,  it  was  voted  that  twenty 
pounds  should  be  immediately  assessed  and  worked 
out  "  on  the  highway,  in  the  room  of  the  twenty  pounds 
granted  by  the  General  Court  to  be  worked  out  on  the 
highways,  and  to  appropriate  the  said  twenty  pounds 
in  cash  towards  inclosing^  the  meeting-house."  The 
proceedings  of  the  year  concluded  with  a  vote,  Nov.  3, 
that  "  the  committee  procure  pillars  to  be  turned  for 
the  meeting-house." 

^  At  this  time,  says  Mrs,  William  Hart,  the  only  families  in  town, 
on  the  east  side  of  Seven-tree  Pond,  were  those  of  Samuel  Hills, 
Joseph  Maxcy,  Josiah  Maxcy,  William  Hart,  Spencer  Walcott, 
Christopher  Butler,  Levi  Morse  ;  and  on  the  road  to  the  east  part  of 
the  town  lived  Jonah  Gay.  On  the  west  side  lived  Ezra  Bowen, 
Abijah  Hawes,  David  Robbins,  Richard  Cummings,  Moses  Hawes, 
Amariah  Mero,  Edward  Jones,  Rufus  Gillmor,  and  Josiah  Robbins. 
On  the  south  of  Round  Pond  lived  Jessa  Robbins ;  and  on  the  west 
of  it  were  Joel  Adams,  Jason  Ware,  and  Matthias  Hawes.  Besides 
these  there  were,  in  other  parts  of  the  town,  Seth  Luce,  Bailey  Grin- 
nell,  George  West,  Royal  Grinnell,  William  Lewis,  Thomas  Daggett, 
Thomas  Daggett,  jun.,  Samuel  Daggett,  and  Aaron  Daggett. 

^  That  is,  boarding  and  shingling  the  roof. 


PROGRESS   OP   THE   WORK.  149 

1795. 

May  6,  the  town  voted  not  to  grant  more  money,  and 
that  "  the  money  in  the  hands  of  the  several  collectors 
of  the  taxes  gi-anted  for  building  the  meeting-house  be 
first  expended  for  the  purpose  of  inclosing  the  same." 
At  the  same  time,  Ebenezer  Jennison,  Rufus  Dyer, 
and  David  Gillmor,  and  subsequently  Amariah  Mero, 
in  place  of  E.  Jennison,  who  declined,  were  chosen  a 
committee  to  draw  a  plan  of  the  groundwork,  to 
prize  the  pews,  and  report  at  the  next  meeting. 

1796. 

In  the  "  dead  of  winter,"  Jan.  16,  a  town-meeting 
was  held ;  and  it  was  voted  to  raise  by  tax  "  sixty 
pounds,  or  two  hundred  dollars,  to  procure  lumber  for 
the  meeting-house,  so  that  it  may  be  seasoned  and  fit 
to  work  the  ensuing  summer ;  .  .  .  and  that  the  tax  be 
assessed  in  the  course  of  a  fortnight,"  according  to  the 
valuation  taken  for  the  preceding  May.  David  Gill- 
mor, Rufus  Gillmor,  and  Joseph  Maxcy,  were  chosen 
a  committee  to  receive  such  lumber  as  was  suitable ; 
and  it  might  be  brought  in  until  April.  April  4,  the 
committee  were  instructed  to  enlarge  the  pulpit-win- 
dow as  they  may  think  best.  May  5,  it  was  voted  to 
finish  the  outside  of  the  meeting-house,  and  that  the 
job  should  "be  set  up  at  vendue  to  the  lowest  bidder, 
all  but  setting  the  glass."  It  was  to  be  done  "  like 
the  Warren  Meeting-house,  and  in  a  workmanlike 
manner,  by  the  first  day  of  November ;  all,  except  the 
window-sashes  and  doors,  which  were  to  be  done  by 
the  last  day  of  June,  1797."  The  materials  were 
required  to  be  on  the  ground  in  two  months,  or  by  the 
25th  of  July.  The  contractor  was  to  "  enter  into  bonds 
with  sufficient  bondsmen,"  and  "  to  have  one-half  the 
pay  when  the  clapboarding  was  done,  viz.  by  the  first 
of  November,  and  the  other  half  when  the  remainder  of 
the  work  was  done."  The  bid  was  taken  by  Capt. 
George  West,  at  one  hundred  and  ninety-four  doUars. 
He  seems  to  have  thought  it  an  unprofitable  job ;  for, 
Nov.   5,   1798,   he   made   an   unavailing   application 


150  FIRST  MEETING-HOUSE. 

for  more  compensation.  At  the  same  time  the  subject 
of  pews  was  taken  up.  The  meeting-house  was  never 
dedicated.  As  soon  as  it  was  covered,  and  the  floor 
laid,  religious  services  were  held  in  it.  Temporary 
seats  were  made  by  loosely  placing  the  ends  of  long 
planks  or  boards  on  blocks  or  on  the  buts  of  beams  or 
logs. 

The  committee  chosen  May  6,  1795,  delayed  their 
report  from  one  town-meeting  to  another  till  Nov.  7, 
1796.  Then  it  was  voted  to  accept  the  plan  of  Amariah 
Mero,  and  not  to  accept  the  prices  affixed  to  his  plan. 
A  committee  was  chosen  upon  the  spot  to  re-apprize 
the  pews,  and  to  report  before  the  meeting  dissolved ; 
and  their  report  was  accepted.  An  article  had  been 
inserted  in  the  warrant  in  relation  to  the  selling  of  the 
pews.  It  was  voted  to  put  them  up  at  auction,  the 
bids  to  be  for  choice.  The  terms  of  payment  were 
one-fifth  in  ten  days,  two-fifths  in  six  months,  and  the 
other  two-fifths  when  the  work  was  finished.  "  Nothing 
short  of  half  a  dollar  "  was  to  be  bid,  and  "  nothing  to 
be  considered  a  bid  unless  it  was  above  the  apprize- 
ment."  No  persons  were  allowed  to  bid  but  the 
inhabitants  and  such  non-residents  as  owned  land  in 
the  town.  No.  18  was  reserved  by  the  town  as  a 
minister's  pew.  No  record  is  made  of  the  success  of 
the  sale;  but  it  was  "voted  to  adjourn  selling  the 
remainder  of  the  pews  until  March  meeting"  in 
the  next  year. 

1797. 

Feb.  6,  it  was  "  voted  to  procure  materials,  and  to 
go  on  with  finishing  the  house ; "  and  Josiah  Robbins, 
Amos  Barrett,  and  David  Gillmor,  were  chosen  the 
committee.  They  were  "  instructed  to  purchase  boards 
and  such  other  lumber  as  was  necessary  to  finish  the 
lower  part "  of  it.  This  seems  to  have  been  the  extent 
to  which  it  could  be  expected  to  carry  the  finishing. 

When  the  March  meeting  was  held,  it  was  "  voted 
to  sell  the  remainder  of  the  pews  this  day,  upon  the 
same  terms  as  before ;  the  time  for  payment  to  be  dated 


PEWS.  151 

from  this  meeting."  Aug.  28,  the  town  instructed  the 
treasurer  "  to  call  on  those  who  had  not  paid  for  their 
pews  nor  given  security,  to  settle  with  him  and  give 
him  security,  or  pay  the  money  in  one  month  from  this 
time,  viz.  by  the  28th  of  September ;  but,  upon  failure 
thereof,  the  pews  to  be  again  the  property  of  the  town 
and  at  the  town's  disposal." 

1798. 

Pews  were  probably  built  this  year.  March  5,  a 
new  committee  was  chosen  "  to  go  on  with  finish- 
ing the  meeting-house."  It  consisted  of  Rufus  Gill- 
mor,  Christopher  Butler,  and  David  Gillmor.  April  2, 
the  committee  were  "instructed  to  inquire  into  the 
state  of  the  moneys  belonging  to  the  meeting-house, 
to  see  what  is  due  to  the  town  for  pews,  and  what  is 
due  from  the  town  for  work.  If  there  be  money  suffi- 
cient for  that  and  other  purposes,  the  committee  are  to 
paint  the  roof  of  the  meeting-house,  and  to  act  further, 
according  to  their  discretion  in  the  business." 

Some  of  the  pews  which  had  been  sold  were  not 
paid  for :  they  reverted  to  the  town,  and  it  was  voted 
to  sell  them  at  the  May  meeting.  The  sale  was  de- 
ferred till  Nov.  5.  Then  the  selectmen  were  chosen  a 
committee  to  report  conditions  in  fifteen  minutes.  The 
report  required  the  purchaser  "to  pay  two  dollars 
earnest,  or  give  a  note  on  demand  therefor;  to  pay 
one-fifth  (including  the  two  dollars)  in  ten  days,"  two- 
fifths  in  two  months,  and  two-fifths  in  six  months,  and 
to  give  notes  to  the  town-treasurer  to  that  effect.  If 
any  one  did  "  not  keep  the  pew  after  bidding  it  off,  he 
was  to  forfeit  the  two  dollars  earnest "  money.  Four 
pews  only  were  sold,  when  it  was  found  necessary  to 
postpone  the  sale. 

At  this  meeting,  measures  were  taken  to  confirm  the 
titles.  The  town  voted  "  to  have  the  numbers  of 
the  pews,  together  with  the  prices  paid  for  them,  re- 
corded on  the  town-book,  which  was  to  be  considered 
as  a  sufficient  title  thereto ;  a  certificate  to  be  given  by 
the  clerk  to  the  purchasers,  if  required."     Accordingly 


152 


FIRST  MEETING-HOUSE. 


there  is  the  following  record,  which  probably  includes 
those  sold  subsequently :  — 


No. 

Price. 

No. 

Price. 

Nathl.  Bobbins 

1  $41.50 

Olney  Titus 

21  $25.50 

Philip  Robbins 

2 

41.00 

David  Gillmor 

22 

27.00 

David  Robbins 

3 

36.00 

Moses  Hawes 

23 

27.00 

Rufus  Gillmor 

4 

35.50 

David  Robbins 

24 

27.50 

5 

00.00 

Edward  Jones 

25 

26.00 

Philip  Robbins 

6 

35.50 

Bailey  Grinnell 

26 

25.50 

Joel  Adams 

7 

35.00 

David  Robbins 

27 

26.00 

Jessa  Robbins 

8 

36.50 

Josiah  Robbins 

28 

30.00 

Amariah  Mero 

9 

31.50 

Samuel  Hills 

29 

23.00 

William  Lewis 

10 

29.50 

Abijah  Hawes 

30 

22.50 

Matthias  Hawes 

11 

29.50 

David  Cummings  31 

24.00 

Amariah  Mero 

12 

29.50 

Moses  Hawes 

32 

24.00 

Capt.  Geo.  West  13 

25.00 

Amariah  Mero 

33 

24.50 

Thomas  Daggett  14 

20.50 

Waldron  Stone 

34 

24.00 

Timothy  Stewart  15 

20.00 

Chris.  Butler 

35 

20.00 

David  Gillmor 

16 

40.50 

David  Robbins 

36 

21.00 

Richd.Cummings 

,17 

28.50 

Thomas  Butler 

37 

21.00 

Clergyman's 

18 

00.00 

John  Tobey 

38 

21.00 

19 

30.00 

39 

20.50 

Seth  Luce 

20 

32.00 

Rufus  Gillmor 

40 

19.50 

1799. 

April  1,  instead  of  forcing  the  sales,  it  was  "  voted 
to  keep  the  pews  for  the  present  for  those  persons  to 
sit  in  who  have  none."  Also  "  voted  to  choose  a  per- 
son to  take  care  of  the  meeting-house,  to  sweep  the 
same  once  a  month,  to  set  up  the  same  to  the  lowest 
bidder.  Bid  off  by  David  Robbins  at  one  dollar  and 
fifty  cents." 

1801. 

April  6,  "  The  selectmen  to  provide  a  lock,  and  put 
it  on  the  front  door." 


1803. 


March  7,  Rufus  Gillmor  appointed  by  the  town  to 
take  charge  of  the  meeting-house,  keep  the  key,  &c. 


DESCRIPTION   OF  IT.  153 

1804—1813. 
The  history  of  the  house  has  been  given  from  the 
beginning  to  the  time  when  it  probably  received 
the  last  stroke  ever  given  by  the  town  toward  making 
it  a  convenient  place  for  public  worship.  In  this  condi- 
tion it  remained  for  several  years.  The  shingles  were 
put  on  the  roof,  and  the  clapboards  on  the  walls,  with 
wrought  nails,  —  cut  nails  not  having  come  into  use. 
The  ceiling  was  the  only  part  which  was  plastered. 
Through  this,  in  the  south-east  corner  of  the  house, 
was  an  opening  to  the  garret,  in  which  for  many  years 
the  town's  powder  was  kept.  The  wainscot,  rising  as 
high  as  the  window-sill,  was  of  planed  boards.  Above 
this,  rough  boards,  with  the  points  of  clapboard-nails 
sticking  through  them,  were  visible  between  the  beams 
and  studs.  The  pews  were  square,  and  contained 
seats  on  three  sides.  There  were  three  body-pews  on 
each  side  of  the  broad  aisle,  and  three  back  of  them ; 
and  these  twelve  pews  were  separated  by  an  aisle  from 
the  wall-pews,  which  extended  entirely  round  the  build- 
ing, except  where  they  were  interrupted  by  the  pulpit 
and  the  single  place  for  entrance  to  the  house.  None 
of  the  seats  in  the  pews  were  nailed  down,  very  few 
were  hinged,  and  all  could  be  turned  up  edgewise.  At 
the  beginning  of  a  prayer,  not  a  little  noi&e  was  made 
by  the  universal  practice  of  carelessly  turning  them 
up ;  and,  on  concluding  it,  the  building  rang  with  the 
clattering  sound  as  they  were  slammed  down.  The 
upper  part  of  each  pew,  instead  of  being  panel-work, 
consisted  of  small  trunnels,  fancifully  wrought  with  a 
lathe,  and  placed  almost  but  not  quite  far  enough 
apart  for  the  children  to  put  their  heads  through ;  re- 
minding one  of  sheep-racks.  The  fronts  of  the  galleries 
rested  on  square  pillars  covered  with  planed  boards, 
at  the  upper  part  of  which  was  something  probably 
meant  to  be  an  entablature.  Around  the  gallery,  loosely 
laid  on  refuse  ends  of  joists  and  beams,  extended  two 
sets  of  plank-seats,  the  rear  range  being  a  little  higher 
than  the  other.  In  front  of  the  preacher  sat  the 
singers.  On  his  left  sat  the  girls,  and  on  his  right 
u 


154 


FIRST  MEETING-HOUSE. 


the  boys,  who  sometimes  by  their  improprieties  at- 
tracted the  attention  of  the  congregation  below.  Large 
holes,  where  the  braces  were  not  closely  fitted  into  the 
beams,  were  sometimes  occupied  by  bats,  which  occa- 
sionally squealed  in  the  time  of  divine  service.  In  the 
garret  was  a  large  number  of  them.  The  plaster,  in 
one  or  more  places,  dropped  from  the  ceiling ;  and,  soon 
after  it  was  repaired,  its  downward  tendency  would  be 
renewed,  to  the  great  annoyance  of  any  who  might  sit 
under  it. 

1814—1823. 

Such  was  the  state  of  things,  Jan.  5,  1814,  when  it 
was  "voted  that  Capt.  Amos  Barrett  and  his  asso- 
ciates be  allowed  the  east  and  west  galleries  in  the 
easterly  meeting-house,  for  the  purpose  of  building 
twenty  pews  therein  to  be  owned  by  them  ;  and,  in  con- 
sideration thereof,  to  finish  off  the  whole  of  the  inside 
of  the  house  in  a  neat  and  workmanlike  manner,  with- 
out any  expense  to  the  town."  This  was  done.  Two 
ranges  of  square  pews,  with  an  intervening  aisle,  were 
built  in  the  east  and  west  galleries,  and  one  range 
back  of  the  singers'  seats,  before  May  17,  1815 ;  when 
"the  proprietors  and  owners  of  the  pews  in  the  gal- 
lery met  in  said  house,  and,  on  examination,  found 
but  nineteen  pews  subscribed  for ;  and  they  voted,  that, 
if  any  one  or  more  would  pay  for  the  remaining  pew, 
they  should  have  their  choice."  Rufus  Gillmor  and 
Nathaniel  Robbins  took  the  remaining  pew,  selecting 
No.  9.     The  other  nineteen  were  disposed  of  by  draft. 


Names. 

No. 

Names. 

No. 

Fogler  and  Little 

1 

Elisha  Bennett  .     . 

11 

Maxcy  and  Eastman 

2 

John  Drake  .     .     . 

.      12 

Nathaniel  Robbins    . 

3 

Susman  Abrams 

.     13 

David  Robbins     .     . 

4 

Rufus  Gillmor    .     . 

14 

Amos  Barrett       .     . 

.     5 

Robert  Foster     .     . 

15 

Ebenezer  Alden   .     . 

.     6 

Joseph  Miller 

.      1(> 

Mitchell  and  Mitchell 

.     7 

Micajah  Gleason     . 

17 

Vaughan  and  Hart    . 

.     8 

Nathan  Daniels 

18 

Gillmor  and  Robbins 

9 

Luce  and  Hawes     . 

19 

Jessa  Robbins       .     . 

10 

Hart  and  Thorndike 

20 

ITS  DECAY.  155 


1824—1833. 


Nothing  more  was  done  to  the  meeting-house  till 
May  3,  1824,  when,  from  the  consideration  that  it  was 
used  as  a  place  to  transact  town-business,  it  was  voted 
to  shingle  it,  "  to  repair  the  jets  and  the  plaster  over- 
head, and  to  put  it  out  to  the  lowest  bidder."  Voted 
liberty  to  lower  the  roof  without  expense  to  the  town. 
Bid  off  by  Nathaniel  Robbins  at  $113,  "  including 
repair  of  jets  and  plaster." 

Jan.  1825,  "  the  first  stove  was  put  up,"  and  "  some 
of  the  men  who  put  it  in  bound  themselves  that  they 
would  drink  no  rum  for  one  year." 

The  house,  however,  had  seen  its  best  days.  All 
efforts  afterward  to  keep  it  in  good  condition  were  un- 
successful. In  the  course  of  time,  the  steps,  which 
were  hewed  logs  extending  the  whole  length  of  the 
porch  on  each  of  its  three  sides,  began  to  decay  and 
settle,  so  that  it  was  difficult  to  get  into  the  house 
and  out  of  it.  Parts  of  the  floor  became  uneven,  and 
exhibited  marks  of  age.  The  doors  were  often  ajar. 
The  wind  rattled  the  loose  windows,  and  whirled  the 
snow  through  the  crevices.  A  board  was  nailed  over 
a  part  of  the  pulpit-window  to  prevent  the  storms 
from  driving  through  the  broken  panes  of  glass.  The 
carpenter  stored  lumber  and  window-sashes  in  the 
house,  and  the  saddler  found  it  convenient  to  dry  his 
hair  in  the  porch.  An  old  horse,  which  was  going  at 
large  on  the  Common,  was  mischievously  led  into  it 
by  some  one,  and  ranged  there  and  was  fed  for  several 
days.  Some  of  these  evils  were  removed,  and  others 
remedied  in  part,  by  the  different  denominations  which 
occasionally  worshipped  there.  But  the  improvements 
were  only  temporary.  Neither  the  town  nor  indivi- 
duals felt  interest  enough  to  preserve  the  building, 
which  was  not  worth  repairing. 

1834—1839. 

April,  1834,  a  proposition  "  to  see  if  the  town  will 
sell  the  Old  Meeting-house  or  purchase  the  pews  of 


156  FIRST  MEETING-HOUSE. 

such  pew-owners  as  may  wish  to  sell  the  same,  or  do 
any  thing  relative  thereto,"  was  dropped ;  as  likewise 
was  an  article,  April  18, 1836,  "  to  hear  the  report  of  a 
committee  upon  the  Old  Meeting-house,  and  take 
such  further  measures  as  the  town  may  think  proper 
on  said  report."  Nov.  20,  1837,  an  article  "  to  see  if 
the  town  will  make  repairs  on  the  Old  Meeting-house  " 
drew  out  a  vote,  "  that  the  selectmen  make  such 
repairs  on  the  Old  Meeting-house  as  they  may  think 
[proper],  not  to  exceed  five  or  six  dollars."  Several 
Universalists  joined  the  Congregational  Society,  and 
the  house  was  finally  demolished  in  1838.  This  act 
caused  some  excitement.  Sept.  12,  1838,  Walter 
Blake  and  Nathan  Hills  were  chosen  a  committee  "  to 
ascertain  whether  the  town  had  any  right  in  the  Old 
Meeting-house,  and  to  report  at  the  next  meeting." 
At  the  next  meeting,  Nov.  29,  the  report  was  re-com- 
mitted. Legal  counsel  was  asked  of  Hon.  Samuel  E. 
Smith,  ex-governor  of  Maine,  in  a  communication 
dated  March  28,  1839.  The  committee  mention,  as 
reasons  for  thinking  the  house  belonged  to  the  town, 
several  circumstances  in  its  history  which  have  already 
been  noticed,  and  conclude  by  stating  that  "  the  Con- 
gregational Society  never  claimed  any  exclusive  right 
to  the  hovise  until  the  year  1838,  at  which  time  it  was 
taken  down  by  their  authority,  after  an  apprizement  of 
the  pews  by  a  committee  appointed  by  the  Congrega- 
tional Society,  without  notice  to  the  pew-owner  or  the 
town."  Mr.  Smith's  opinion  bears  date  April,  1839. 
In  accordance  with  it,  the  report  to  the  town,  made 
April  16,  states, "  Your  committee  are  clearly  of  opi- 
nion, that  the  town,  as  such,  had,  at  the  time  the  said 
house  was  taken  down,  no  title  to  or  interest  in  the 
same."  The  report  was  laid  on  the  table.  This  was 
the  end  of  the  house. 

It  may  be  added,  that  there  were  many  persons  in 
Union  who  felt  regret  when  it  was  pulled  down.  Some 
were  living  who  had  been  familiar  with  all  the  strug- 
gles, in  the  poverty  of  the  town,  to  have  it  erected. 
Others  had  sat  around  the  Lord's  table,  not  only  in  the 


ASSOCIATIONS  WITH  IT.  157 

best  days  of  the  house,  but  when  the  beams  and  rafters 
and  rough  boards  were  in  plain  sight ;  happy  in  having 
any  place,  however  humble,  where  they  could  meet  to 
worship  God.  They  had  enjoyed  more  in  this  build- 
ing than  many  do  in  splendid  cathedrals.  Here,  too, 
some  had  consecrated  themselves  and  their  children  to 
God  at  the  baptismal  font;  and  the  remains  of  dear 
friends  and  relatives  had  been  placed  in  front  of  the 
pulpit,  while  the  last  service  was  performed  before  they 
were  committed  to  their  final  resting-place.  Almost 
every  person  in  town  had  some  interesting  associations 
with  the  building. 

How  many,  even  in  middle  life,  recollect  some  of  the 
habits  of  the  time!  The  husband  came  to  meeting 
on  horseback,  with  his  wife  on  a  pillion  behind  him, 
and  stopped  at  a  long  log,  on  the  west  side  of  the 
house.  One  end  of  this  crotched  log,  which  had 
been  cut  from  a  large  tree  near  the  canal  in  Robbins's 
Meadow,  was  "canted  up,"  so  that  the  wife  could 
alight  without  inconvenience ;  the  other  was  hewed  so 
thin  that  she  walked  ten  or  twelve  feet  down  an  in- 
clined plane  to  the  ground.  The  husband,  without 
dismounting,  rode  away  to  the  withe-and-stake  board- 
fence,  in  the  rear  of  the  house,  to  tie  his  horse.  One 
venerable,  excellent  old  man,  always  at  church,  though 
he  lived  some  miles  distant,  stood  during  prayer  with 
his  arms  folded,  and  face  to  the  wall ;  while  his  queue, 
carefully  tied  with  a  leathern  string  or  an  eel-skin,  pro- 
jected over  his  coat-collar,  and  hung  down  between 
his  shoulders.  The  horses — a  long  jrow  —  "were 
hitched  "  to  the  fence  during  the  service.  Of  vehicles 
of  any  kind  there  were  but  few.  In  winter  might  be 
seen  a  light  sled,  and  in  summer  a  light  cart,  in  which 
a  very  fleshy  woman,  drawn  by  a  pair  of  steers,  was 
generally  brought  to  meeting,  as  late  even  as  the  year 
1814.  To  the  close  of  the  last  century,  while  the 
country  was  new,  there  were  customs  which  now 
would  create  great  sensation.  On  stormy  days,  women 
wore  their  husbands'  hats  and  great-coats.  Mrs. 
Moses  Hawes  and  Mrs.  Snell,  not  having  bonnets,  for 


158  FIRST   MEETING-HOUSE. 

years  wore  handkerchiefs  on  their  heads.  Thomas 
Daggett,  sen.,  Captain  Nicholson,  and  Ebenezer  Dag- 
gett, consulting  their  own  convenience  and  comfort, 
were  in  the  habit,  even  in  meeting,  of  wearing  cotton 
caps,  which  rivalled  the  snow  in  whiteness.  As  most 
of  the  mothers  had  nobody  to  leave  their  small  chil- 
dren with  at  home,  and  were  very  desirous  of  going  to 
meeting,  they  often  took  them ;  and  sometimes  their 
juvenile  concerts  attracted  more  attention  than  the 
minister  or  the  music  of  the  choir.  In  the  intermis- 
sions, before  mails  were  so  common  and  intercourse  so 
easy  as  they  now  are,  the  people  usually  took  a  small 
lunch  from  their  pockets,  a  few  doughnuts,  or  "  fried 
cakes  "  as  they  were  ordinarily  called,  or  a  few  apples, 
if  they  had  them ;  and,  as  they  were  eating  them,  col- 
lected in  groups  in  front  of  the  house  to  hear  and 
retail  the  gossip  and  the  news.  The  women,  as  now, 
were  grouped  in  pews  in  difterent  parts  of  the  house, 
through  which  might  be  heard  the  pleasant  murmur- 
ing sounds  of  their  happy  voices ;  while  the  younger 
portion  of  the  fair  sex  stood  in  the  entry  or  strolled 
away,  three  or  four  at  a  time,  to  get  a  draught  of  water, 
or  to  look  at  the  gravestones  in  the  Old  Burying 
Ground,  or  to  enjoy  the  prospect  from  the  summit  of 
the  hill.  From  Thanksgiving  Day  to  Fast  Day,  when 
there  was  but  one  service  on  a  Sunday,  before  people 
had  become  as  effeminate  as  now,  the  inhabitants 
came  several  miles  and  sat  in  the  cold,  when  this,  like 
all  meeting-houses  of  the  time,  was  not  provided  with 
fire,  and  the  only  protection  from  the  storm  and  cold 
without  was  one  thickness  of  boards  and  clapboards. 
If,  before  or  after  the  season  for  a  single  service,  a  cold 
day  came,  the  rousing  wood-fire  at  John  Little's  bar- 
room^ and  the  warm  rooms  of  the  neighbors,  were  ever 
ready  to  give  the  worshippers  welcome ;  and  they  went 
to  them  as  freely  as  to  their  own  dwellings. 

Publishments  for  marriage,  too,  are  associated  with 
the  Old  Meeting-house.  Very  seldom  were  they 
posted,  as  they  are  now.  Occasionally,  a  very  modest 
couple,  or  the  lady  to  whom   a  public  annunciation 


DOGS  AND   DOG-WHIPPERS.  159 

would  be  unpleasant,  had  the  intention  posted  up  in 
the  porch.  But  commonly,  just  after  the  benediction 
by  the  minister  in  the  forenoon,  and  sometimes  imme- 
diately before  the  service  in  the  afternoon,  the  town- 
clerk,  with  the  preface  "  Please  to  take  notice," 
proclaimed  aloud  the  names  of  the  persons  and  their 
intentions. 

On  one  occasion,  the  town-clerk,  being  called  away, 
requested  his  son  to  put  up  in  the  porch  a  written  no- 
tification for  a  marriage.  The  lad,  fifteen  or  sixteen 
years  old,  feeling  confidence  in  his  ability  to  perform 
the  duty  according  to  the  common  mode,  assumed  the 
responsibility  of  deviating  from  his  father's  instruc- 
tions, and,  with  some  degree  of  animation  and  gesti- 
culation, but  without  any  other  preface  than  what  was 
used  by  his  father,  amused  some  and  distressed  others 
by  crying  the  intention  aloud. 

There  is  another  interesting  association  with  the 
Old  Meeting-house.  In  those  days,  dogs  were  no- 
wise remarkable  for  good  manners.  Occasionally, 
they  would  intrude  into  the  aisles,  and  trot  round  the 
meeting-house  during  public  worship.  Two  men, 
David  Robbins  and  Jessa  Robbins,  who  had  long 
whips,  and  who  sat  in  convenient  pews,  were  by  the 
town  chosen  dog-whippers.^  Considerable  skill  was 
necessary  on  their  part  to  discharge  their  duty  efFec- 
tually,  and  in  such  a  way  that  their  constituents,  or  at 
least  all  those  who  were  at  the  meeting,  should  have 
ample  auricular  evidence  from  the  dogs  themselves 
that  the  dog-whippers  were  faithful  guardians  of  the 
rights  and  privileges  of  the  people  who  came  to  wor- 
ship. Accordingly,  when  a  dog,  following  the  praise- 
worthy example  of  his  master,  walked  into  the  house, 
one  of  the  dog-whippers,  generally  David  Robbins, 
whose  pew  was  about  half-way  from  the  door  to  the 
pulpit,  would  get  up  with  the  stillness  and  caution  of 
an  old  hunter,  carefully  raise  his  whip,  holding  it  so 

*  Dog-reeves,  March.  3,  1800,  Amariah  Mero,  David  Robbins,  Rufus 
Dyer;  March  2,  1801,  David  Robbins,  Rufus  Dyer,  Jessa  Robbins, 
Daniel  McCurdy. 


160  FIRST  MEETING-HOUSE. 

that  it  would  have  free  sweep  along  the  broad  aisle, 
watch  his  opportunity  as  the  dog  was  passing,  and 
bring  it  down  upon  him  with  unmerciful  energy.  The 
yelping  was  unmusical,  awakened  undevout  feelings 
through  the  congregation,  and  disturbed 

"  Both  mongrel,  puppy,  whelp,  and  hound, 
And  curs  of  low  degree," 

everywhere  on  the  Common,  and  set  them  all  to  bark- 
ing. Even  when  David  Robbins  was  old  and  infirm, 
his  zeal  and  fidelity  did  not  abate.  Not  being  able, 
without  great  pain,  to  rise  from  his  seat,  he  would 
then  strike  and  pommel  the  dogs  with  his  crutches. 

The  preceding  statements  do  not  all  apply  exclu- 
sively to  Union.  They  illustrate  the  customs  and  habits 
of  people  in  new  settlements.  The  contrast  at  the  pre- 
sent day  is  so  striking,  that  it  is  hard  to  believe  some 
of  them  could  have  been  true  here,  even  so  late  as  half 
a  century  since.  The  Old  Meeting-house,  around 
which  are  clustered  a  multitude  of  early  associations, 
has  been  demolished.  The  old  pew  and  the  seat 
among  the  singers  are  gone.  The  locks  of  the  vene- 
rable man  who  spake  the  words  of  warning  and  of 
exhortation  have  become  silvery  white,  and  he  dwells 
far  from  the  place  of  his  pastoral  labors.  But,  on 
many  persons,  impressions  were  made  which  can  never 
be  forgotten  or  effaced.  Peace  to  the  departed  spirits 
who  were  wont  to  gather  within  the  walls  of  the  old 
house !  The  time  will  soon  come  when  it  will  be  said 
that  "  no  one  is  living  who  saw  the  Old  Meeting- 
house, which  was  erected  with  many  prayers,  strug- 
gles, and  sacrifices." 


ECCLESIASTICAL   HISTORY.  161 

CHAPTER    XVIII. 

ECCLESIASTICAL  HISTORY,  1779—1806. 


Going  to  Meeting  at  St.  George's.  —  John  Urqnhart.  —  Isaac  Case.  — 
Nine  Pounds  raised  for  Preaching.  —  William  Riddel  called.  — 
Aaron  Humphrey.  —  Two  hundred  Dollars  raised.  —  Mode  of 
dividing  the  Money.  —  Abraham  Gushee  called. —  Jabcz  Pond 
Fisher  called.  —  Jonathan  Gilmore.  —  Henry  True  called  and 
settled. 

1779—1781. 

"  Sunday,  May  30,  1779,  went  to  meeting  at  George's, 
and  heard  Rev.  Mr.  Auherd  [  Urquhart]  ^  hold  forth.  .  .  . 
Sunday,  July  11,  1779,  I  went  to  meeting,  and  heard 
the  Scotch  minister  preach.  .  .  .  Sunday,  Sept.  17, 
1780,  Mr.  Adams,  Mr.  Ware,  and  Mrs.  Jemima  Rob- 
bins,  are  gone  to  meeting  this  day.  .  .  .  Sunday, 
Sept.  16  [1781],  IMr.  Adams  and  his  wife  are  gone  to 
meeting ;  likewise  Mr.  Ware  and  Hills."  These  no- 
tices, taken  from  the  old  account-book  of  Matthias 
Hawes,  are  the  earliest  relating  to  attendance  on  pub- 
lic worship.  Mr.  Hawes  makes  similar  memoranda 
respecting  himself  and  his  neighbors  three  times 
during  the  following  two  years.     To    go  down  the 

^  According  to  Greenleaf 's  *'  Sketches,"  the  Rev.  John  Urquhart, 
a  Presbyterian,  came  to  this  country  in  1774,  and  was  soon  employed 
to  preach  at  Warren.  He  was  regularly  removed  from  his  charge 
there  by  the  Presbytery  convened  at  Salem,  Mass.,  in  Septem- 
ber, 1783.  The  people  were  more  desirous  to  get  rid  of  him  than 
he  was  to  go.  In  the  autumn  of  1784,  he  was  preaching  at  Ellsworth, 
and  in  the  summer  of  1785  at  Topsham.  In  the  fall  of  1785,  he  com- 
menced his  labors  at  Union  River;  but  was  dismissed  early  in  1790. 
The  name  is  sometimes  pronounced  Urcutt,  and  sometimes  Orcutt. 
When  he  was  at  Union,  Messrs.  Jessa  Robbins  and  Jacob  Robbins  say 
their  father  requested  him  to  write  his  name.  He  wrote  it  Auqu- 
hart,  with  a  piece  of  chalk  over  the  fireplace,  where  it  was  legible  for 
many  years.  He  spelt  and  pronounced  it  with  the  broad  Scotch 
accent ;  A-u — awe,  q-u-a — awe,  h-a — aice,  r-t,  thus  giving  the  sound 
aice  three  times  in  spelling  it. 


162  ECCLESIASTICAL  HISTORY. 

river  by  water,  and  attend  divine  service  a  few  times 
in  a  year  at  Warren  or  Gushing,  —  for  Mr.  Urquhart 
preached  alternately  in  those  places,  —  was  as  much 
as  could  reasonably  be  expected. 

1782—1784. 

Feb.  6,  1782,  Mr.  Hawes  writes,  "  The  Rev.  Mr.  Ur- 
quhart preached  a  sermon  at  Mr.  Philip  Robbins's." 
This  was  undoubtedly  the  first  sermon  ever  preached 
in  this  town.  Before  Mr.  Hawes  moved  to  Stirling- 
ton,  there  were  not  people  enough  to  make  a  congi*e- 
gation ;  and,  as  he  was  in  the  habit  of  noting  events, 
particularly  those  that  were  of  a  religious  nature,  there 
is  no  good  reason  to  doubt  that  he  recorded  the  first 
meeting  ever  held  in  the  place.  There  seems  not  to 
have  been  any  more  preaching  till  Mr.  Hawes  ^\Tites : 
"  March  7,  1784.  Last  week,  Mr.  Case^  was  in  this 
place,  preaching  with  us."  This  is  all  that  is  known 
about  the  public  worship  before  the  town  was  incor- 
porated. 

1787—1791. 

At  the  April  town-meetings  in  1787  and  1788,  there 
were  unsuccessful  attempts  to  obtain  a  vote  to  hire 
preaching.  March  30,  1789,  the  town  voted  to  raise 
nine  pounds  to  hire  preaching  part  of  the  year.  Samuel 
Hills,  David  Woodcock,  and  Abijah  Hawes,  were 
chosen  a  committee  to  hire  the  preachers  and  lay  out 
the  money.  April  5,  1790,  fifteen  pounds  were  voted, 
and  Thomas  Daggett,  Philip  Robbins,  and  Josiah 
Robbins,  were  chosen  the  committee ;  but  the  vote 
was  re-considered  Jan.  10,  1791.  With  the  exception 
of  the  nine  pounds  in  1789,  it  is  not  probable  that  any 
ministerial  money  was  raised  by  the  town  for  nearly 
twenty-five  years  from  the  time  of  the  occupancy  by 
the  Ajiderson  party. 

^  Rev.  Isaac  Case,  then  a  young  Baptist  preacher  at  Thomaston, 
■w  as  lately  living  at  Monmouth,  and  occasionally  preaching,  though 
probably  more  than  ninety  years  old. 


WILLIAM   RIDDEL.  163 


1796. 

The  inhabitants  had  been  putting  forth  their  ener- 
gies to  build  a  meeting-house.  They  were  too  poor 
to  be  doing  much  for  the  support  of  public  worship. 
The  next  allusion  to  preaching  is  an  article  in  the 
town-warrant  for  March  7,  1796,  "  to  see  if  the  town 
will  hire  Mr.  Riddel  to  preach  the  ensuing  summer; 
whereupon  it  was  voted  to  hire  him,  if  the  committee 
could  agree  with  him."  The  committee  chosen  were 
Thomas  Daggett,  Philip  Robbins,  Amos  Barrett, 
Josiah  Maxcy,  and  Edward  Jones.  The  further  con- 
sideration of  the  subject  was  deferred  till  April  4,  when 
it  was  voted,  31  to  4,  to  give  Mr.  Riddel  a  call  to  set- 
tle in  the  ministry,  with  an  annual  salary  of  two  hun- 
dred and  fifty  dollars,  to  be  increased  five  pounds 
yearly  till  it  amounted  to  one  hundred  pounds.  The 
town-record  states,  that  "  the  committee  went  to  see 
him  and  give  him  a  call ;  but  he  would  not  accept,  and 
so  went  away  and  left  us  to  take  care  of  our  own 
souls."  The  matter  was  brought  to  a  close.  May  5,  by 
a  vote  to  raise  money  to  pay  him  ^  for  his  past  services, 
and  to  pay  his  board  ;  but  not  to  raise  any  for  preach- 
ing the  ensuing  summer. 

*  The  E,ev.  William  Riddel  was  born  at  Coleraine,  Mass.,  Feb.  4, 
1768,  and  giaduated  at  Dartmouth  College  in  1793.  He  studied  divi- 
nity a  short  time  with  Dr.  Burton,  of  Thetford,  Yt. ;  and  afterwards 
pursued  the  stud)'-  with  the  Rev.  Dr.  Emmons,  of  Franklin,  Mass. 
He  was  ordained  colleague-pastor  with  the  Rev.  Alexander  McLean, 
of  Bristol,  Maine,  in  June,  1796,  and  was  dismissed  in  the  summer  of 
1804.  He  then  labored  some  time  in  the  employment  of  the  Massa- 
chusetts Missionary  Society  in  the  State  of  New  York,  —  the  Western 
Homo  Missionary  field  at  that  time.  He  was  afterwards  twice  settled 
in  Yermont.  He  spent  the  last  years  of  his  life  at  South  Deerfield, 
Mass.,  where  he  died  Oct.  24,  1849.  Sept.  4,  1797,  he  married  Lucy, 
daughter  of  the  Rev.  Samuel  Hopkins,  D.D.  of  Hadley,  Mass.  :  she 
died  in  December,  1813.  They  had  three  sons  and  four  daughters. 
Two  of  the  daughters  and  two  of  the  sons  died  in  infancy.  The  other 
son  is  the  late  Secretary  of  the  American  Education  Society.  —  Ame- 
rican  Quarterly  Register,  Tixd.  253,  259  ;•  <S'.  II.  Itiddel's  MS.  Memoranda. 

The  same  day  on  which  his  call  was  voted,  the  tOAvn  "  voted  the 
committee  be  instructed  to  procure  a  lot  of  land  of  Messrs.  Amorys 
for  a  ministerial  lot ;  if  they  will  give  it,  to  accept  it  thankfully ;  if  not, 
to  purchase,  if  they  can,  on  reasonable  terms." 


164  ECCLESIASTICAL  HISTORY. 

1797—1801. 

Aug.  28,  1797,  it  was  voted  "  to  hire  a  Methodist 
preacher,  and  to  raise  one  hundred  dollars  by  tax, 
agreeable  to  law,  to  pay  said  preacher,  —  none  to  pay 
but  such  as  are  willing."  Edward  Jones,  Amos  Bar- 
rett, and  Matthias  Hawes,  were  chosen  the  committee  ; 
and  they  continued  in  office  in  1798.  Aaron  Hum- 
phrey ^  was  employed.  July  16,  1798,  the  town  voted 
to  hear  him  another  year,  if  the  committee  could  agree 
with  him  "  for  half  the  time  as  heretofore." 

April  1,  1799,  an  article  proposing  to  re-hire  Mr. 
Humphrey,  and  another  to  hire  a  Congregational 
preacher,  were  both  dropped ;  as  likewise  was  an  arti- 
cle, May  20,  to  grant  money  for  preaching. 

In  1801,  no  money  for  preaching  was  granted. 
April  6,  it  was  voted  that  the  Congregational  part  of 
the  town  have  the  meeting-house  half  the  time. 

1802,  1803. 

Feb.  8,  1802,  Moses  Hawes,  Thomas  Mitchell,  and 
Samuel  Hills,  were  chosen  a  committee  "  to  procure  a 
candidate  to  preach  two  or  three  sabbaths,  to  be  paid 
by  contribution."  April  5,  it  was  voted  to  hire  preach- 
ing the  ensuing  summer,  and  to  raise  two  hundred 
dollars  by  a  tax,  and  that  every  man  might  pay  his 
money  for  the  support  of  preachers  of  his  own  reli- 
gious sect  or  denomination.  A  ministerial  committee 
to  procure  preaching  was  chosen,  consisting  of  Stephen 
March,  Rufus  Gillmor,  and  Nathan  Blake,  Congi'ega- 
tionalists ;  and  Edward  Jones,  Joel  Adams,  and  Chris- 
topher Butler,  Methodists.  The  method  of  distributing 
the  money  agreeably  to  the  spirit  of  the  foregoing  vote 
was  acted  upon  in  town-meeting,  Nov.  1,  and  is  re- 
corded in  the  following  words  :  — 

'  Ilev.  Aaron  Ilumphre)'-  subsequently  joined  the  Episcopalians. 
He  was  preaching  at  Gardner  in  1812.  It  is  supposed  he  afterwards 
pi'eached  in  Vermont  and  New  York,  and  subsequently  in  Wisconsin. 
It  may  be  added,  in  illustration  of  the  religious  spirit  of  the  times, 
that  Mr.  Humphrey  made  a  prayer  at  the  raising  of  Mr.  Cashman's 
barn. 


ABRAHAM   GUSHEE.  165 

"  Voted  to  accept  Mr.  Blake's  motion,  as  made  in  writing- 
respecting  the  division  of  money  granted  to  hire  preaching, 
viz.  :  In  order  that  the  money  granted  for  ministerial  use 
the  present  year  may  be  distributed  agreeable  to  the  spirit 
and  intention  of  the  vote  which  made  the  grant,  it  is  mo- 
tioned that  the  following  mode  be  adopted  to  effect  the 
purpose,  viz. :  That  the  denomination  of  Christians  called 
Methodist  deliver  to  the  selectmen  a  certificate  in  the  words 
following  (and  signed  by  all  who  wish  to  have  their  money 
applied  agreeable  to  said  vote) :  — 

"  '  This  may  certify,  that  we,  the  subscribers,  do  approve 
of  and  embrace  the  doctrine  and  church- discipline  of  the  de- 
nomination of  Christians  called  Methodist,  and  are  of  that 
sect.'  And,  as  soon  as  the  selectmen  shall  be  notified  by  the 
Methodist  Society,  in  writing,  that  any  specific  sum  of  money 
is  due  to  any  of  their  public  preachers,  it  shall  be  the  duty 
of  the  selectmen  to  order  the  same  to  such  preacher,  pro- 
vided those  who  certify  they  are  Methodist  have  paid  the 
collector  so  much  money  of  the  grant  for  ministerial  use. 
And  any  person  or  persons  certifying  to  the  selectmen  in 
writing,  that  he  or  they  embrace  the  doctrine  and  discipline 
of  the  Baptist  Society,  and  certify  that  the  money  they  are 
taxed  in  said  grant  is  due  to  a  public  teacher  of  their  deno- 
mination, the  selectmen  may  order  it  accordingly,  provided 
the  same  is  paid  to  the  collector. 

"  And  whatever  sum  of  money  is  due  to  Mr.  Abraham 
Gushee  for  preaching,  or  others  for  boarding  him,  and  certi- 
fied to  the  selectmen  in  writing  by  such  committee  as  the 
town  may  appoint  for  that  purpose,  may  be  ordered  out  of 
the  above-said  grant. 

"And  if  any  description  of  persons  may  think  themselves 
aggrieved  by  this  method  of  distributing  the  money,  they 
may  have  opportunity  to  lay  their  case  before  the  town  for 
redress." 

It  seems,  however,  that  this  mode  of  proceeding  did 
not  give  universal  satisfaction;  for,  March  7,  1803, 
there  was  an  unsuccessful  attempt  to  re-consider  part 
of  the  vote. 

In  the  meantime  the  pulpit  had  been  supplied  by 

'Mr.   Abraham   Gushee.     He  came  to   Union,  July  3, 

1802,   and   began   his   labors  on  the  following   day. 

July  29,  a  proposition  to  hire  him  to  preach  for  two 

15 


166  ECCLESIASTICAL  HISTORY. 

months  was  referred  to  the  ministerial  committee. 
Nov.  1,  the  day  on  which  Mr.  Blake's  motion  was  ac- 
cepted, it  was  voted  to  hire  him  on  probation  until 
after  the  March  town-meeting.  A  change  was  made 
in  the  committee,  which  appears  to  have  consisted 
subsequently  of  the  three  Congregational  members 
only.  March  7,  1803,  the  town  voted  to  invite  Mr. 
Gushee  to  settle  in  the  ministry.  At  the  same  time  it 
was  — 


"  Voted  to  accept  a  motion  made  by  Mr.  Nathan  Blake, 
which  was  expressed  in  the  following  words,  viz. :  Agree- 
ably to  the  16th  article  in  the  warrant,  it  is  proposed  to  the 
town  to  invite  Mr.  Abraham  Gushee  to  settle  here  as  a 
minister  of  the  gospel,  and  pastor  of  the  Congregational 
Church  which  is  now  contemplated  to  be  formed  in  this 
town ;  and  that  the  town  offer  Mr.  Gushee  for  his  support 
an  annual  salary  of  $334,  so  long  as  he  shall  continue  to  be 
the  minister  of  this  town,  and  to  commence  on  the  day  of 
ordination. 

"  And,  as  it  is  the  opinion  of  this  town  that  a  minister 
cannot  be  useful  to  a  society  when  a  majority  are  dissatisfied 
with  his  ministration,  therefore,  to  prevent  the  series  of  con- 
troversy and  animosity  which  have  often  occurred  in  towns 
under  those  circumstances,  it  is  proposed  that  the  settlement 
be  on  the  following  conditions,  viz. :  That,  if  a  major  part 
of  the  supporters  of  Mr.  Gushee  shall  become  dissatisfied 
with  his  ministration,  and  shall,  in  a  meeting  for  that  pur- 
pose, state  the  cause  of  their  uneasiness,  and  communicate 
the  same  to  Mr.  Gushee,  and  said  cause  shall  continue  six 
months  after,  then,  in  a  legal  meeting  for  that  purpose,  the 
major  part  of  Mr.  Gushee's  supporters  may  vote  his  dismis- 
sion. Or,  if  Mr.  Gushee  shall  be  dissatisfied,  and  shall  state 
the  cause  thereof  to  the  society,  and  said  cause  shall  not  be 
removed  in  the  term  of  six  months  after,  Mr.  Gushee  may 
make  known  to  the  society  his  wish  to  have  the  contract  of 
his  settlement  dissolved  ;  and  said  contract  shall  be  dissolved 
in  either  case,  and  Mr.  Gushee's  salary  paid  up  to  said  time. 

"  Voted  that  Josiah  Robbins,  Stephen  March,  Amos  Bar- 
rett, Thomas  Daggett,  and  Samuel  Hills,  with  the  selectmen,* 
be  a  committee  to  confer  with  Mr.  Gushee,  respecting  his 
settling  among  us  as  a  minister  of  the  gospel." 


JABEZ   POND   FISHER.  167 

Mr.  Gushee,^  after  receiving  his  call,  made  a  visit  to 
Massachusetts,  returned  in  June,  and  gave  a  verbal 
answer  in  the  negative.  "  One  great  and  principal 
reason  was,  there  was  a  respectable  number  of  inhabi- 
tants of  the  town  who  were  opposed  to  Congregation- 
alists,  —  there  were  Methodists,  Baptists,  &c."  He 
"  had  an  idea  that  another  person  with  prudence  might 
somewhat  further  unite,  or  at  least  avoid  the  censure 
that  fell  upon  one  who  first  came  among  them." 

On  the  30th  of  June,  after  Mr.  Gushee  received  his 
invitation  to  be  settled,  the  town  "  voted  to  raise  by 
tax  five  hundred  dollars  for  ministerial  use."  A  com- 
mittee of  five,  including  the  selectmen,  was  chosen 
to  agree  with  a  candidate.  Two  of  the  selectmen 
declined ;  and  the  committee  chosen  consisted  of  Na- 
than Blake,  Stephen  March,  Thomas  Mitchell,  Josiah 
Robbins,  and  Amos  Barrett.  Dec.  19,  Mr.  Fisher  was 
employed  to  preach  four  sabbaths.  At  the  same  time, 
there  was  an  unsuccessful  attempt  to  get  a  vote  "  to 
exempt  the  Methodists  from  paying  their  ministerial 
tax  to  the  collector." 

1804. 
Jan.  16,  there  was  another  attempt  on  a  larger  scale. 
It  was  designed  to  unite  all  the  denominations  but  the 
Congregational.  It  was  expected,  that,  at  this  meet- 
ing, Mr.  Fisher  would  be  invited  to  become  the  minis- 
ter. If  so,  there  were  some  who  apprehended  there 
might  be  difficulty  about  having  their  ministerial  taxes 
paid  to  preachers  of  their  own  denomination;  and 
there  were  others,  who,  fearful  of  heavy  taxes,  were  not 
disinclined  to  worship  where  they  would  pay  less.  If 
the  article  had  been  voted  to  the  letter,  it  would  have 
opened  the  way  for  evasions  of  the  ministerial  tax.  It 
was  "  to  see  if  the  town  will  set  off  all  the  people  of 
different  denominations  that  do  not  hold  with  or  do 

^  Mr.  Gushee  was  born  in  Raynliam,  Mass.,  Sept.  19,  1775,  gra- 
duated at  Brown  University  in  1798,  studied  divinity  with  the  Rev. 
Mr.  Fobes,  of  Raynham,  and  was  licensed  to  preach  by  the  Bristol 
County  Association.  He  was  ordained,  Sept.  23,  1803,  at  Dighton, 
where  he  continues  in  the  pastoral  office.  —  MS,  Letter. 


168  ECCLESIASTICAL  HISTORY. 

not  attend  to  the  Congregational  order,  so  that  they  may 
enjoy  their  own  principles  and  pay  their  own  preach- 
ing; so  that  the  town  shall  not  have  any  demands 
upon  them  as  it  respects  raising  money  to  support 
ministers  or  pay  for  preaching,  or  act  or  do  any  thing 
as  the  town  may  think  proper."  The  town  "  voted 
that  the  society  of  Methodists  be  exempted  from  pay- 
ing the  last  year's  ministerial  tax,  they  producing  to 
the  selectmen  a  satisfactory  certificate  that  they  ought 
to  be  excused  by  law." 

At  the  same  meeting,  it  was  voted  to  invite  Jabez 
Pond  Fisher^  to  settle  in  the  ministry,  with  an  annual 
salary  of  four  hundred  dollars.  The  invitation  was 
accompanied  with  the  conditions  which  had  been 
annexed  to  the  call  given  to  Mr.  Gushee.  ]VIr.  Fisher 
did  not  accept  the  invitation. 

April  2,  Geo.  Wellington,  Stephen  March,  Thomas 
Mitchell,  Abijah  Hawes,  and  Samuel  Daggett,  were 
chosen  the  ministerial  committee.  July  9,  an  article 
being  before  the  town-meeting  in  relation  to  giving 
Jonathan  Gilmore^  a  call  to  settle,  it  was  voted  to 
hire  him  for  six  months ;  and  a  committee,  consisting 
of  Mr.  Blake,  Mr.  Mitchell,  and  Mr.  David  Robbins, 
was  chosen  "  to  wait  on  him,  and  inform  him  that  the 
town  request  the  favor  of  his  attendance."  But  there 
is  no  further  record  as  to  the  proceedings. 

^  Mr.  Fisher  was  born  at  Wrentham,  Mass.,  Oct.  7,  1763  ;  served  in 
the  war  of  the  Revolution;  graduated  at  Brown  University  in  1788  ; 
and,  in  February,  1790.  was  licensed  to  preach.  "  He  received  several 
calls  to  settle ;  one  at  Ashbj',  Mass.,  1791,  and  another  the  same  year 
at  Pelham,  N.H. ;  it  is  believed,  another  from  Claremont,  N.H. ;  and, 
not  far  from  that  time,  one  at  Henniker,  N.H."  He  was  ordained  at 
West  Nottingham,  now  Hudson,  N.H.,  Feb.  24,  1796 ;  and  dismissed 
in  June,  1801.  A  lawsuit  followed,  which  cost  the  town  $1,500  or 
$2,000.  He  declined  a  call  from  the  church  in  Washington,  N.H. 
He  was  installed  at  Boothbay,  Maine,  June  29,  1809,  and  dismissed  in 
1816.  Subsequently,  he  was  employed  by  the  New  Hampshire  Mis- 
sionary Society  four  vears.  After  this,  he  preached  six  or  seven  yeai-s 
at  Dcering.  N.H. ;  and  died  there,  Dec.  13,  1830. 

*  Mr.  Gilmore  was  from  Raynham  or  Franklin,  Mass.  He  gra- 
duated at  Brown  University  in  1800.  After  being  at  Union,  he  went 
back  to  Massachusetts,  was  married,  and  subsequently  became  a  far- 
mer in  Starks,  Maine. 


HENRY  TRUE.  169 

1805,  1806. 

March  4,  1805,  the  proposition,  "  to  raise  money  to 
hire  preaching  the  year  ensuing,"  was  dropped.  But, 
April  1,  Nathan  Blake,  Seth  Luce,  Amos  Barrett, 
Jonathan  Carriel  and  Samuel  Daggett,  were  chosen 
a  committee  to  "  hire  a  candidate ; "  and  they  were  in- 
structed to  send  to  "  Mr.  Fobes  [  of  Raynham  ]  or  to 
Mr.  Ripley  [  of  Concord  ]  for  such  candidate  as  they 
think  proper."  ^ 

The  next  movement  was  Nov.  11,  "to  see  if  the 
town  will  give  Mr.  Henry  True  a  call  to  settle  in 
the  work  of  the  ministry  in  this  town,  agreeably  to  the 
request  of  the  church."  The  call  was  voted,  and  Mr. 
True  invited  to  settle  "  as  a  minister  of  the  gospel  and 
pastor  of  a  Congregational  church  in  this  town,"  with 
"  an  annual  salary  of  four  hundred  dollars,  so  long  as 
he  shall  continue  to  be  the  minister  of  this  town,"  to 
"  commence  on  the  day  of  his  ordination."  Coupled 
with  the  invitation,  and  in  the  same  language  as 
before,  were  Mr.  Blake's  conditions.  Mr.  True  preached 
from  September  to  December.  He  went  to  New  Hamp- 
shire, and  spent  the  winter ;  and,  April  21,  1806,  the 
church  "  voted  renewedly  to  invite  him  to  take  the 
charge  and  oversight  of  the  church  as  pastor  thereof." 

May  14,  1806,  it  was  voted  to  add  twenty  cords  of 
wood  and  twenty-five  dollars  annually  to  the  salary, 
and  "to  allow  Mr.  True^  four  sabbaths  in  the  year  to 
visit  his  friends." 

*  April  1,  1805,  upon  an  article  continued  from  March  4, 1805,  "  to 
see  if  the  town  will  allow  the  Methodists  to  have  the  use  of  the  meet- 
ing-house a  part  of  the  time  for  the  year  ensuing,"  it  was  "  voted  that 
the  Methodists  and  Baptists  have  the  use  of  the  meeting-house  at  all 
times  when  the  town  is  not  supplied  with  a  candidate." 

*  The  Rev.  Henry  True  was  born  at  Hampstead,  N.H.,  May  20, 
1770.  His  father,  the  Rev.  Henry  True,  of  Hampstead,  born  at  Salis- 
bury, Mass.,  Feb.  27,  1726,  was  a  staunch  whig.  He  would  not  drink 
any  but  "home-made"  tea,  and  published,  probably  in  a  newspaper, 
a  poem  on  Liberty  Tea.  He  married,  Nov.  30,  1753,  Ruth,  daughter 
of  Deacon  James  Ayer,  of  Haverhill,  Mass.,  who  died  Jan.  18,  1810, 
set.  81.  One  of  her  uncles,  it  is  said,  was  killed  at  the  Indian  attack 
on  Haverhill.  Mr.  True's  grandfather,  James  [?],  belonged  to  Salis- 
bury, Mass.,  where  the  early  ancestors  of  the  name  settled,  and  died 

15» 


170;  ECCLESIASTICAL  HISTORY. 

Notwithstanding  an  opposition,  which  will  be  no- 
ticed in  detail  hereafter,  Mr.  True  accepted  the  invita- 
tion. Measures  were  taken  for  the  ordination.  July  14, 
Capt.  Amos  Barrett,  Mr.  Nathan  Blake,  and  Mr. 
McDowell,^  were  chosen  a  committee  to  join  with  the 
church  in  inviting  the  council.  Major  Maxcy,  Capt. 
Barrett,  Captain  Gillmor,  Mr.  David  Robbins,  and  Mr. 
Nathaniel  Robbins,  were  chosen  to  make  provision  for 
the  council.  Major  Maxcy,  Capt.  Bachelor,  and  Capt. 
Barrett,  were  chosen  a  committee  "  to  put  the  galle- 
ries of  the  meeting-house  in  such  order,  by  laying 
joists  in  the  same,  as  will  answer  the  temporary  pur- 
pose of  an  ordination."  The  ordination  took  place 
Sept.  24,  1806.  By  a  special  vote  of  the  church,  six 
members  present,  the  pastor  elect  was  admitted  to 
their  fellowship  and  communion.  The  services  were 
probably  as  follows  :  Prayer  by  Rev.  Freeman  Parker, 
of  Dresden ;  reading  the  Scriptures  by  Rev.  Mr.  Coch- 
ran, of  Camden ;  sermon  by  Rev.  Hezekiah  Packard, 
of  Wiscasset ;  ordaining  prayer  by  Rev.  Mr.  Johnson,  of 
Belfast ;  charge  by  Rev.  Manasseh  Cutler,  of  Hamil- 
ton, Mass.,  an  eminent  divine  and  naturalist,  and  the 
pioneer  from  Massachusetts  to  Ohio;  right  hand  of 

at  Harnpstead  about  the  time  of  the  American  Revolution.  Mr. 
True's  father  died  May  22,  1782.  On  Sunday,  he  preached  and  ap- 
pointed a  lecture  for  Thursday.  On  Tuesday,  he  attended  family 
devotions  in  the  morning,  apparently  well,  and  died  before  noon. 
Mr.  True  was  fitted  for  college,  partly  at  the  academy  in  Atkinson, 
and  partly  with  the  Rev.  Mr.  Merrill,  of  Plaistow,  whose  house  was 
just  within  the  bounds  of  Haverhill.  He  graduated  at  Dartmouth 
College  in  1796.  He  taught  school  five  or  six  years  in  Salisburj', 
Beverly,  Tyngsborou<?h,  and  other  places.  He  studied  divinity,  partly 
■with  the  Rev.  Mr.  Laurence,  with  whom  he  boarded  when  teaching 
in  Tyngsborough.  and  partly  with  Rev.  Dr.  Chaplin,  of  Groton.  He 
preached  some  at  Tewksbury  and  Dracut ;  one  summer  at  Mr.  Mer- 
rill's, in  Plaistow ;  and,  during  one  session  of  congress,  for  Rev. 
Manasseh  Cutler,  of  Hamilton.  He  has  been  one  of  the  trustees  of 
Warren  Academy  for  many  years,  also  chaplain  of  a  regiment,  jus- 
tice of  the  peace  and  quorum,  and  town-clerk;  "none  of  the  offices 
very  profitable."  He  published  a  sermon  delivered  at  Hampstead, 
Nov.  15,  1807.  In  the  fall  of  1849,  he  moved  with  his  wife  to 
Marion,  Ohio,  to  reside  with  his  son. 

'  Mr.  McDowell,  a  Scotchman,  settled  in  the  part  of  Union  which 
is  now  within  the  bounds  of  Washington. 


FIRST   CONGREGATIONAL   CHURCH.  171 

fellowship  by  Rev.  Jonathan  Huse,  of  Warren ;  con- 
cluding prayer  by  Rev.  Mr.  Dow,  of  Upper  Beverly, 
Mass.,  who  was  afterwards  settled  at  York.  The  coun- 
cil was  entertained  at  Capt.  Barrett's.  The  meeting- 
house was  thronged.  The  occasion  was  one  of  great 
interest  and  excitement.  Ordinations  were  not  com- 
mon. This  was  the  first  in  the  town.  Among  the 
persons  present  were  Major- General  Henry  Knox's 
family  from  Thomaston.  The  evening,  as  well  as  the 
day,  was  not  without  manifestations  of  much  joy  on 
the  part  of  a  great  portion  of  the  inhabitants. 


CHAPTER    XIX. 

ECCLESIASTICAL  HISTORY. 

{Continited,^ 

Organization  of  the  First  Congregational  Church.  —  Mr.  Hu>;e's  Ac- 
count of  the  Proceedings.  —  Conduct  of  Samuel  Hills  and  the 
Rev.  Messrs.  Sewall,  Bayley,  and  others.  —  Articles  of  Faith.  — 
Covenant.  —  Signers'  Names.  —  Opposition  by  the  Hills  Party.  — 
Hills's  "  Ex  Parte  "  Council,  Sept.  10,  1806.  —  Conduct  of  the  Hills 
Party  about  the  Ordination.  —  Hills  censured.  —  Council,  June  29, 
1808.  —  Hills's  "  Ex  Parte  "  Council,  Feb.  15,  1809.  —  Second  Con- 
gregational Church  organized.  — Mr.  Huse's  Letter  concluded. 

An  account  of  the  organization  and  subsequent  move- 
ments of  the  First  Congregational  Church  may  be 
given,  in  part,,  by  an  extract  from  a  letter  of  the  Rev. 
Jonathan  Huse,  of  Warren,  to  the  Rev.  Hezekiah  Pack- 
ard, then  of  Wiscasset :  — 

"Warren,  Feb.  20,  1818. 
*'  Sir,  —  Agreeably  to  your  request,  I  will  attempt  to  state 
a  number  of  circumstances  and  facts,  which  serve  to  prove 
the  existence  of  a  party,  exclusive,  and  disorderly  spirit  in 
some  clergymen  in  this  district,  who  profess  to  ba  [of]  onr 
denomination.  In  doing  this,  I  do  not  rely  entirely  on  my 
own  recollection :  I  made  a  minute  of  them  soon  after  their 
occurrence. 


172  ECCLESIASTICAL  HISTORY. 

*'  Some  time  about  the  commencement  of  the  year  1803, 
application  was  made  to  me  by  several  persons  in  the  town 
of  Union,  adjoining  this  town,  for  assistance  in  forming  a 
church  in  said  town.  I  accordingly  met  them  with  a  dele- 
gate from  our  church,  proposed  such  questions  to  them  as  I 
thought  proper,  gave  them  some  suitable  advice,  and  exhi- 
bited to  them  a  confession  of  faith  and  covenant  for  their 
subscription.  After  mature  consideration  and  examination, 
they  subscribed  the  articles  of  faith  and  covenant,  and  were 
acknowledged  a  sister-church.  They  appeared  perfectly 
satisfied  with  each  other,  and  united  as  a  band  of  brothers 
and  sisters.  The  sacrament  of  the  Lord's  supper  was  admi- 
nistered to  them  a  few  times  the  ensuing  summer,  and  bap- 
tism to  some  of  their  children. 

"  In  October,  1803,  one  man  in  the  town,  by  the  name  of 
Hills,  who  wished  to  join  the  church,  prevailed  with  the 
members  to  consent  that  the  Rev.  Messrs.  Jotham  Sewall, 
Kiah  Bayley,  and  Jonathan  Huse,  should  be  invited  to  meet 
the  church  at  Union,  and  see  if  it  would  be  advisable  to 
alter  the  covenant  and  articles  of  faith.  They  accordingly 
met.  Messrs.  Sewall  and  Bayley  (who  had  seen  the  cove- 
nant before,  and  expressed  their  opinion  to  Mr.  Hills) 
declared  the  covenant  and  confession  of  faith  were  not  suffi- 
ciently explicit  and  orthodox ;  that  Unitarians,  and  every 
denomination  of  Christians,  might  subscribe  to  them ;  that, 
in  order  that  other  orthodox  churches  might  fellowship  with 
them,  especially  their  own,  it  was  necessary  there  should  be 
an  alteration  of  the  covenant  and  confession.  I  told  these 
gentlemen  and  the  church  present,  that  our  church  would 
fellowship  [with]  them,  and  I  presumed  the  major  part  of 
the  Congregational  churches  in  New  England  would  do  the 
same ;  that  the  confession  and  covenant  were  almost  identi- 
cally the  same  which  our  church,  and  the  South  Church  in 
Andover  [Mass.],  had  adopted.  I  thought  them  sufficiently 
explicit,  scriptural,  and  orthodox,  and  did  not  think  it  expe- 
dient any  alteration  should  be  made,  unless  the  church  was 
dissatisfied  and  wished  such  alteration.  Each  member  ex- 
pressed his  entire  satisfaction  with  them,  and  said  they  had 
no  wish  for  any  alteration.     Accordingly,  nothing  was  done. 

"  The  man  (Mr.  Hills),  at  whose  request  these  gentlemen 
appeared  at  Union,  was  dissatisfied ;  and  Messrs.  Sewall  and 
Bayley  were  disappointed.  Hills  was  determined  to  have  an 
alteration,  and  agreed  with  Mr.  Sewall,  who  was  then  going 


ARTICLES   OF   FAITH.  173 

east  on  a  mission,  to  call  on  his  return,  and  assist  him  in 
effecting  his  object.  On  Mr,  Sewall's  return,  a  few  months 
afterwards,  he  went  with  Mr.  Hills  to  the  members  of  the 
church  individually ;  and,  by  talking  to  them  in  a  plausible 
manner,  induced  them  to  give  a  tacit  consent  to  some  altera- 
tion, in  order,  as  was  said,  for  the  accommodation  of  Mr. 
Hills.  The  church  was  convened,  re-examined,  and  approved 
by  Sewall;  and  Hills  admitted.  These  things  were  done 
without  any  previous  notice  being  given  to  me.  The  covenant 
and  confession  were  afterwards  shown  me,  and  I  w^as  asked 
if  I  could  fellowship  with  the  church  upon  their  adoption  of 
them.  I  answered  in  the  affirmative,  though  I  expressed 
my  dissatisfaction  with  Sewall's  interference,  and  thought 
the  alterations  unnecessary. 

"  It  soon  appeared  that  Hills,  at  whose  importunity  and 
for  whose  accommodation  the  alterations  were  made,  was 
determined  to  rule  the  church.  He  attempted  to  bind  them 
by  obtaining  their  signatures  to  certain  restrictive  articles 
which  he  presented,  the  principal  of  which  was  to  submit 
themselves  to  the  control  and  superintendence  of  the  asso- 
ciation ^  to  which  Messrs.  Sewall  and  Bayley  belonged.  He 
violently  opposed  almost  every  candidate  they  had.  He  was 
chiefly  instrumental  in  preventing  the  settlement  of  one  or 
two,  to  whom  calls  were  presented.  It  ought  to  be  noticed, 
that  there  was  a  constant  communication  kept  up  between 
Messrs.  Sewall  and  Bayley,  and  Mr.  Hills,  by  correspond- 
ence and  by  visiting.  The  latter  did  nothing  without  the 
advice  of  the  former." 


ARTICLES   OF  FAITH. 

The  following  are  the  "  Articles  of  Faith  and  Cove- 
nant agreed  on  by  the  Congregational  Church  of 
Christ  in  Union,  at  its  embodying,  March  3,  1803,  and 
adopted,  with  additions,"  to  accommodate  Mr.  Hills, 
"  Feb.  6,  1804."  The  additions  are  in  brackets ;  the 
other  parts  being  what  was  adopted  March  3,  1803. 

*  This  association  considered  that  the  candidate  should  come  "  in 
the  shadow  of  Bayley  or  Sewall,  and  that  the  church  must  not  let  the 
town  employ  a  preacher  ;  but  the  church  did  not  feel  bound  by  tliis 
rule."  Hills  insisted  that  this  association  alone  should  supply.  The 
town  employed  Mr.  True. 


174  ECCLESIASTICAL  HISTORY. 

The  form  in  which  it  was  adopted,  Feb.  6,  1804,  for 
the  purpose  of  accommodating  Mr.  Hills,  was  the  one 
which  continued  to  be  used :  — 

"  We,  whose  names  are  hereunto  subjoined,  that  we  may 
promote  the  growth  of  religion  in  our  souls,  and  enjoy  the 
ordinances  of  the  gospel  in  a  church-state,  do  now  profess 
our  faith,  and  covenant  together  in  manner  following, 
viz. :  — 

"1.  We  believe  in  one  God,  who  is  Father,  Son,  and 
Holy  Ghost  [and  that  the  Son  and  Spirit  are  co-equal  and 
co-eternal  with  the  Father]. 

"2.  We  declare  our  faith  in  the  divine  inspiration  of  the 
Scriptures  of  the  Old  and  New  Testament,  which  we  receive 
as  the  word  of  God,  and  profitable  for  doctrine,  for  reproof, 
for  correction,  for  instruction  in  righteousness  [and  contain 
a  perfect  rule  of  faith  and  practice,  and  that  no  other  writ- 
ings ought  to  be  received  as  a  divine  revelation]. 

"3.  We  believe  in  the  fall  of  man,  the  [total]  depravity 
of  human  nature  [by  which  he  exposed  himself  and  all  his 
numerous  race  to  endless  misery  ;  and  that,  in  consquence  of 
Adam's  fall,  all  his  posterity  came  into  the  world  in  a  state 
of  condemnation  and  wrath. 

"  4.  We  believe]  the  redemption  through  the  mediation, 
intercession,  and  atonement  of  [Jesus]  Christ  [by  which 
God  can,  consistently  with  the  honor  of  his  law,  pardon  and 
save  all  who  repent  and  believe]. 

"5.  We  believe  the  necessity  of  regeneration  in  order  to 
salvation,  and  that  this  is  effected  by  the  exceeding  great- 
ness of  God's  [special]  power,  and  [instantaneously]  wrought 
in  an  ordinary  way,  through  the  instrumentality  of  means. 

"6.  [We  believe  that  all  things,  visible  and  invisible, 
were  created  by  God  for  his  own  glory,  and  that  he  governs 
them  according  to  his  eternal  purpose]. 

"7.  We  believe  the  true  church  is  founded  on  Christ,  the 
chief  corner-stone  ;  and  that  the  gates  of  hell  cannot  prevail 
against  it,  to  its  utter  extirpation. 

"  8.  [We  believe  that  salvation  is  offered  to  all,  but  that 
none  will  accept  and  be  brought  to  true  repentance  and 
faith  in  Christ,  but  those  who  are  chosen  through  sanctifica- 
tion  of  the  Spirit  and  belief  of  the  truth  according  to  God's 
eternal  purpose. 

"9.  We  believe  that  all  who  are  united  truly  to  Christ 


THE   COVENANT.  175 

are  justified  freely  by  grace,  and  kept  by  the  mighty  power 
of  God  through  faith  unto  eternal  salvation]. 

"10.  We  believe  Christ  hath  appointed  two  special  ordi- 
nances to  be  observed  by  every  true  believer  in  his  name, 
viz.  baptism  and  the  [Lord's]  supper. 

"11.  We  believe  the  qualifications  for  these  ordinances, 
in  all  adults,  are  sincere  repentance  towards  God,  and  faith 
in  our  Lord  Jesus  Christ  [without  which  no  person  can  have 
any  right  to  baptism,  either  for  himself  or  his  children, 
neither  can  he  have  any  right  to  the  solemn  ordinance  of 
the  Lord's  supper. 

"  12.  We  believe  that  God  has  appointed  an  order  of  men 
to  preach  the  gospel,  and  administer  the  ordinances  to  suita- 
ble subjects. 

"13.  We  believe  that  all  ofi'ences  of  a  public  nature 
ought  to  be  publicly  confessed. 

"14.  We  believe  the  church  ought  never  to  receive  any 
person  into  their  fellowship,  whether  he  has  been  professor 
or  not,  until  they  are  satisfied,  in  a  judgment  of  charity, 
that  he  has  been  born  again]. 

"  15.  We  [also]  believe  the  future  existence  [and  immor- 
tality] of  the  soul,  the  resurrection  of  the  bodies  [both  of 
the  just  and  the  unjust],  and  the  day  of  future  judgment, 
in  which  every  one  will  receive  a  reward  according  to  his 
works  [that  Christ  will  at  the  day  of  judgment  receive  the 
righteous  into  life  eternal,  and  punish  the  wicked  with  ever- 
lasting destruction  from  the  presence  of  the  Lord  and  from 
the  glory  of  his  power.     Amen]." 

"  THE    COVENANT. 

"  And  we  do  also  humbly  and  penitently,  asking  the 
forgiveness  of  our  sins  through  the  blood  of  the  great  Re- 
deemer, give  up  ourselves  to  God  in  an  everlasting  covenant, 
in  our  Lord  Jesus  Christ ;  and,  as  in  the  presence  of  God, 
do  solemnly  promise,  that,  by  the  assistance  of  the  Divine 
Spirit,  we  will  forsake  the  vanities  of  the  present  evil  world 
[abstaining  ourselves  from  all  gaming,  frolicking,^  and  do 
our  endeavor  to  restrain  all  under  our  care  from  such  sinful 
courses],  and  [so]  approve  ourselves  the  true  disciples  of 

*  For  the  words  "  gaming  and  frolicking,"  Mr.  True,  with  the 
concTirrence  of  the  church,  substituted  the  words  "  amusements  and 
practices  which  are  inconsistent." 


176  ECCLESIASTICAL  HISTORY. 

Jesus  Christ  in  all  good  carriage  towards  God  and  towards 
men.  And  we  likewise  promise  to  walk  together  in  Chris- 
tian communion,  as  members  of  the  church  of  Christ,  and 
to  attend  statedly  upon  the  administration  of  the  ordinances 
of  the  gospel  [baptism  and  the  Lord's  supper,  and  the 
public  worship  of  God  on  his  holy  day],  when  it  can  conve- 
niently [with  respect  to  health  and  opportunity]  be  done. 
And  [we  promise  to  sanctify  the  sabbath,  to  attend  the  wor- 
ship of  God  daily  in  our  families  and  closets],  to  watch  over 
one  another  [according  to  scripture  rule],  and  to  submit  to 
the  discipline  of  the  church  now  formed  in  this  place  [and, 
taking  the  gospel-rule  of  discipline  for  our  directory,  we  en- 
gage to  admit  all  to  our  holy  communion  who  can  give  a 
rational  scriptural  evidence  of  a  work  of  sanctifying  grace 
upon  their  hearts,  in  a  judgment  of  charity,  Avhose  lives 
correspond  thereto.  We  do  also  covenant  to  devote  our 
offspring  to  the  Lord,  doing  our  duty  to  them  in  religious 
instructions,  training  them  up  in  the  nurture  and  admoni- 
tion of  the  Lord]  ;  and  finally,  by  daily  prayer  to  God  in 
the  name  of  Christ,  we  will  seek  for  grace  to  enable  us  to 
keep  this  covenant.  [And  may  the  merciful  God  pardon 
our  many  errors  and  imperfections,  prepare  us  for,  and  at 
last  receive  us  to  glory,  through  the  merits  of  the  great 
Head  of  the  church,  to  whom  be  praise  for  ever  and  ever. 
Amen.]" 

When  the  church  was  organized  by  Rev.  IVIr.  Huse, 
March  3,  1803,  the  articles  and  covenant,  in  the  form 
in  which  he  presented  them,  were  signed  by  Thomas 
Daggett,  Josiah  Robbins,  Abijah  Hawes,  Seth  Luce, 
Margaret  Hawes,  and  Dolly  Law.  On  the  28th  of 
August,  the  Rev.  Mr.  Johnson  being  chosen  mode- 
rator, the  chm'ch  admitted  Capt.  John  Nicholson  and 
Sarah  his  wife,  IVIrs.  Rebecca  Daggett,  Mrs.  Sarah 
Robbins,  Mrs.  Jemima  Robbins,  Mrs.  Dinah  Mitchell, 
Miss  Sally  Boon,  Samuel  Walker,  jun.,  Thomas  Mitch- 
ell, and  Stephen  March ;  also,  by  letters  of  recommen- 
dation, Daniel  Shepard  and  Sarah  his  wife.  At  the 
same  meeting,  or  not  long  afterward,  Mrs.  Abigail 
Hills  and  Mrs.  Martha  Williams  were  admitted,  and 
Abijah  Hawes  chosen  deacon.  Among  those  who 
subsequently   joined    it,   with   or   without   letters   of 


OPPOSITION   TO    MR.    TRUE.  177 

recommendation,  were  Jonathan  Carriel  and  his  wife 
Sibyl,  Tempe  Briggs,  Rebekah  Gowen,  Jedidah  Dag- 
gett, Betsey  Allen,  Mary  Tobey,  Mary  wife  of  Thos. 
Mitchell,  Mercy  wife  of  Jeremiah  Mitchell,  Rhoda  El- 
lis, Sarah  Barrett,  John  Millbanks  [?],  Jas.  Rice,  John 
Gleason  and  wife,  David  Robbins  and  his  wife  Mercy, 
Mary  wife  of  Capt.  Amos  BaiTett,  Mary  True,  Harriet 
Barrett,  William  Daggett,  George  Wellington,  Polly 
wife  of  Calvin  Morse,  Mrs.  Mero,  Thomas  Hemen- 
way  and  wife,  Elizabeth  Robbins,  Daniel  F.  Harding, 
and  Mrs.  Rice. 

"In  the  autumn  of  1805,"  continues  Mr.  Huse,  "the 
church  and  congregation  invited  Mr.  Henry  True  to  settle 
with  them  in  the  gospel-ministry.  Mr.  Hills,  with  two 
others,  who  were  after  him  admitted  into  the  church,  opposed 
his  settlement.  They  took  every  means  in  their  power  to 
prevent  his  giving  an  affirmative  answer  to  the  call.  They 
made  such  representations  to  him  as  induced  him  to  write  a 
negative  answer,  which  was  to  be  read  on  a  particular  day. 
But  his  friends,  finding  what  was  done,  took  pains  to  con- 
vince him  he  had  been  deceived  by  the  misrepresentations 
of  these  men.  He  was  consequently  prevailed  with  to  sus- 
pend his  answer,  and  afterwards  gave  it  in  the  afiirmative. 
The  three  disaftected  members  contended  for  their  right  to 
choose  half  the  ordaining  council.  This  privilege  was  not 
indulged  them.  The  council  was  called,  consisting  of  a 
representation  from  the  churches  in  Hamilton,  Beverly,  Wis- 
casset,  Dresden,  Belfast,  Camden,  and  Warren." 

Aug.  19,  the  church  voted  "  that  three  churches  be 
sent  to,  in  order  to  settle  difficulties  between  us  and 
Brothers  Samuel  Hills,  Stephen  March,  and  Amos 
Walker."  The  disaffected  members,  however,  obtained 
an  ex  parte  council  before  the  ordination,  of  which  the 
following  is  the  record :  — 

"At  an  ecclesiastical  council,  convened,  in  consequence  of 
letters  missive  from  a  minority  of  the  church  in  Union,  at 
the  house  of  Mr.  Samuel  Hills,  Sept.  10,  1806,  —  present. 
Rev.  Messrs.  John  Sawyer,  Jotham  Sewall,  Eliphalet  Gillett ; 
delegates,  Mr.  Benjamin  Kelley,  Mr.  Moses  Weymouth, — 
16 


178  ECCLESIASTICAL  HISTORY. 

chose  Rev.  John  Sawyer  moderator,  Rev.  Eliphalet  Gillett 
scribe. 

"  Voted  Mr.  Isaac  Robinson,  deacon  of  the  church  in 
Hamden,  Bangor,  and  Orrington,  a  member  of  the  council. 

"  After  prayer  by  the  moderator  for  light  and  direction 
from  God, — 

"Voted  that  a  letter  be  sent  to  Deacon  Abij ah  Hawes, 
informing  him  and  the  church  of  our  being  convened  in 
council,  and  requesting  their  attendance  at  the  meeting- 
house at  nine  o'clock  to-morrow  morning ;  also  a  letter  to 
Mr.  True,  requesting  his  attendance  at  the  same  time  and 
place,  in  order  that  the  council  may  have  such  information 
on  the  subjects  of  difference  between  some  members  of  the 
church  as  to  enable  them  to  give  such  advice  as  the  existing 
state  of  things  may  require.  Adjourned  to  [to-]  morrow 
morning. 

"  Sept.  11,  1806,  met  according  to  adjournment. 

"  Voted  to  proceed  to  the  meeting-house  at  nine  o'clock. 

"  After  prayer  by  the  moderator  in  the  meeting-house, 
four  articles  ^  of  grievance  were  submitted  to  the  council  by 
Mr.  Samuel  Hills,  in  behalf  of  the  minority  of  the  church. 
After  attention  to  the  subjects  of  difficulty,  and  receiving 
what  light  could  be  collected  from  the  aggrieved  members 
of   the    church   and   other   gentlemen   of    the   parish   who 

*  The  articles  were  the  following :  — 

"1.  We  find  ourselves  aggrieved,  that  our  brethren  have  declined 
to  accept  the  offer  of  the  Rev.  Mr.  Bayley  to  preach  with  us,  we  being 
destitute,  and  administer  the  Lord's  supper  according  to  a  vote  of  the 
church ;  and  a  continued  neglect  of  attending  to  that  ordinance  for 
several  months. 

"  2.  That  our  brethren  have  infringed  the  rights  of  the  church,  in 
deciding  a  question  respecting  the  rights  of  the  aggrieved  in  inviting 
a  council  to  assist  in  the  ordination  of  Mr.  Henry  True,  which  we 
think  belongs  exclusively  to  the  church. 

"  3.  That  our  brethren  hold  us  under  discipline,  having  never 
brought  a  specific  charge  against  us,  and  decline  to  furnish  us,  ac- 
cording to  promise,  with  a  copy  of  a  paper,  purporting  to  be  articles 
of  accusation  against  Samuel  Hills,  Stephen  March,  and  Amos  Walker. 
"  4.  We  consider  it  of  great  importance  to  a  people  to  have  such  a 
minister  set  over  them  as  thereby  the  glory  of  God  and  the  good  of 
their  souls  may  be  promoted,  and  cannot  but  feel  aggrieved  that  our 
brethren  are  disposed  to  urge  forward  the  settlement  of  a  person 
whom  we  do  not  consider  calculated  to  answer  these  great  and  im- 
portant ends  ;  especially  as  we  think  that  more  than  half  of  the  brethren 
and  sisters  collectively  are  dissatisfied,  and  that  he  has  not  that  share 
in  the  affections  of  the  people  at  large,  which  is  necessary  to  render 
his  ministrations  beneficial  to  them." 


hills' S  EX   PARTE   COUNCIL.  179 

attended,  the  council  retired  to  Mr.  Spencer  Walcott's,  and 
drew  up  the  following  result :  — 

"  '  With  respect  to  the  first  article  of  complaint,  this  coun- 
cil are  of  opinion,  that  the  church  were  too  inattentive  to 
their  vote  to  receive  assistance  from  the  Lincoln  Association, 
and  particularly  so  in  neglecting  the  proposal  of  Mr.  Bayley  ; 
that  such  neglect  was  calculated  directly  to  hurt  the  feelings 
of  the  aggrieved  brethren  and  sisters. 

"  '  With  respect  to  the  second,  this  council  are  of  opinion, 
that,  if  the  church  admitted  the  town-committee  to  vote 
with  them,  or  use  their  influence  in  determining  the  right  of 
some  of  the  members,  it  is  a  just  matter  of  grievance. 

"  '  With  respect  to  the  third,  this  council  do  not  see  that 
there  is  sufficient  evidence  exhibited  to  prove  that  the  church 
did  formally  or  regularly  hold  the  aggrieved  brethren  under 
discipline  ;  yet  there  is  too  much  reason  to  think  that  the 
church  acted  inconsistently  in  discovering  a  disposition  to 
.treat  them  so,  and  not  doing  any  thing  decidedly ;  and  also 
exhibiting  charges,  and  not  affording  the  aggrieved  an  expli- 
cit statement  of  the  same,  that  they  might  either  clear  them- 
selves or  plead  guilty,  appears  to  this  council  an  unsuitable 
way  of  proceeding,  and  is  calculated  to  give  offence. 

"  *  With  respect  to  the  fourth  article,  this  council  do  not 
feel  themselves  authorized  to  determine  any  thing  with 
respect  to  Mr.  True's  qualifications  as  a  preacher  of  the  gos- 
pel ;  but  think  the  church  ought  to  act  with  the  greatest 
caution  in  so  important  an  affair,  and  not  rashly  do  any 
thing  that  would  part  asunder  the  mystical  body  of  Christ 
in  this  place ;  carefully  and  tenderly  consult  the  feelings  and 
views  of  the  aggrieved  brethren  and  sisters,  and  mutually 
seek  direction  of  God.  And,  if  the  aggrieved  party  do  not 
obtain  satisfaction  as  to  Mr.  True's  qualifications  as  a  gos- 
pel-minister before  ordination,  we  advise  them  to  lay  their 
difficulties  before  the  ordaining  council.' 

"  The  aggrieved  members  also  submitted  the  following 
questions :  — 

"  '  Question  1 .  —  Can  there  be  a  case  in  church-discipline, 
in  which  the  first  and  second  steps  pointed  out  in  the  18th  of 
Matthew  may  be  dispensed  with  ? 

"  '  Answer.  —  This  council  is  of  opinion,  that,  as  it  is  evi- 
dently the  design  of  gospel-discipline  to  preserve  or  restore 
peace  and  order  to  the  church,  and,  as  the  directions  of 
Christ,  in  the  1 8th  of  Matthew,  are  very  explicit,  it  must  be 


180  ECCLESIASTICAL  HISTORY. 

a  very  peculiar  case  to  justify  the  omission  of  the  first  and 
second  steps  in  dealing  with  an  offender. 

"  '  Question  2.  —  What  is  the  right  of  the  sisters  of  the 
church  ?  and  how  far  may  they  act,  according  to  the  Scrip- 
ture, in  the  settlement  of  a  minister,  whether  they  belong  to 
the  town  or  not  ? 

"  '  Answer.  —  We  do  not  consider  the  sisters  of  the  church 
as  having  any  right  to  vote  in  settling  a  minister  of  the  gos- 
pel. But,  as  they  are  members  of  the  body  of  Christ,  and 
are  in  mutual  and  solemn  covenant  with  the  brethren,  they 
have  right  to  the  communion  and  fellowship  of  the  church 
in  the  means  of  grace  and  special  ordinances  of  the  gos- 
pel. Therefore  the  sisters  have  a  right  to  expect  the  church 
will  conscientiously  seek  their  Christian  edification  in  settling 
a  minister  ;  and  Christ  will  esteem  it  very  ofi'ensive  if  any  of 
his  flock  should  be  neglected  or  despised. 

"  '  This  council  regret  that  the  church  could  not  feel  so 
much  of  the  condescending  temper  of  Christ  as  to  have  at- 
tended the  sitting  of  the  council,  and  assisted  them  in  ob- 
taining that  correct  information  which  is  so  needful  and 
desirable  in  determining  matters  of  such  importance.  Feel- 
ing the  importance  of  harmony  and  peace  in  the  churches, 
the  council  exhort  the  friends  of  Christ  in  this  place  to  look 
to  Almighty  God  for  the  outpouring  of  his  spirit,  that  they 
may  adopt  and  pursue  all  their  measures  with  wisdom,  and 
walk  in  all  the  divine  statutes  and  ordinances  blameless. 

"  '  Done  in  council  unanimously  at  Union,  on  the  tenth  and 
eleventh  of  September,  1806. 

"  '  John  Saavyer,  Moderator. 
'"E.  GiLLETT,  Scribe.'" 

The  church,  it  seems,  took  no  notice  of  the  move- 
ment, it  being  evidently  an  ex  parte  affair.  However, 
Sept.  17,  they  "  voted  to  request  Brothers  Hill,  March, 
and  Walker  to  join  in  a  mutual  council  to  settle  diffi- 
culties subsisting  in  the  church,  —  the  council  to  be 
called  at  some  future  day  when  the  church  may  think 
proper." 

To  the  council  convened  for  ordination,  continues 
Mr.  Huse, — 

*' A  memorial  was  presented  by  the  three  disaffected  per- 
sons, purporting  that  Mr.  True  was  not  the  man  of  their 


MUTUAL    COUNCIL.  181 

choice,  &c.  After  attending  to  the  objections,  and  ex- 
amining the  candidate,  the  council  unanimously  voted,  '  that 
the  objections  were  obviated  by  Mr.  True's  confession  of 
faith,  and  by  answers  he  made  to  questions  proposed  to  him.' 
Mr.  True  was  ordained  September,  1806.  Hills,  with  the 
other  two,  continued  their  opposition  to  Mr.  True;  and 
Hills,  in  particular,  made  great  exertions  to  disafFect  the 
people  toward  him,  especially  such  as  he  thought  could  be 
influenced  by  him.  Hills  was,  after  considerable  time  had 
elapsed,  censured  by  the  church  ^  for  some  of  his  conduct 
relating  to  Mr.  True  and  others." 

A  year  and  a  half  passed.  March  23,  1808,  the 
church  voted  to  join  in  a  mutual  council.  This  coun- 
cil convened  in  Union,  June  29.     There  were  present 

'  The  records  upon  this  subject  are  as  follows  :  — 
Oct.  23,  1806,  the  church,  being  convened,  "  voted.  We  feel  it  a 
duty  to  notice  the  complaints  laid  before  the  church  by  Nathan 
Blake  against  Brother  Samuel  Hills."  The  church  met  again  Oct.  30, 
and  heard  the  charges  and  Mr.  Hills's  defence,  and  adjourned  to 
Nov.  13.  Then,  "after  assenting  to  articles  of  grievance  brought  by 
Deacon  Hawes  and  Brother  Mitchell,  voted  to  add  to  the  articles 
of  grievance  the  taking  down  of  the  names  of  men  not  belonging  to 
the  Congregational  Society."  At  the  adjourned  meeting,  Nov.  24,  it 
was  voted.  "  That,  on  account  of  the  articles  of  grievance  and  fault, 
which  we  have  laid  before  Brother  Samuel  Hills,  we  cannot  conscien- 
tiously commune  with  him,  and  do  therefore  suspend  him  from  our 
communion  till  we  obtain  satisfaction." 

The  •'  taking  down  of  names,"  just  mentioned,  needs  a  word  of  ex- 
planation. The  charge  seerns  to  have  been  that  Mr.  Hills  went  to 
different  persons,  and,  without  intimating  his  purpose,  ehcited  from 
them  remarks  or  criticisms  unfavorable  to  Mr.  True,  and  then  took 
down  the  names  of  these  f)ersons  as  objecting  to  him.  The  paper  con- 
taining these  names  was  brought  to  the  pastor  elect,  on  the  evening 
preceding  the  day  when  he  was  to  give  a  reply  to  the  invitation  to  be 
settled.  He  immediately  wrote  an  answer  in  the  negative.  At  the 
intermission  on  the  Lord's  Day.  on  the  afternoon  of  which  the  answer 
was  to  be  read,  the  i>ur])ort  of  it  became  known.  Great  indignation  was 
expressed;  and  Mr.  Huse,  with  whom  Mr.  True  had  an  exchange, 
was  persuaded  not  to  read  it.  Some  persons  said  they  had  been  mis- 
understood by  Mr.  Hills,  and  others  denied  what  they  were  charged 
•with  saying.  Subsequently,  as  has  already  been  mentioned  in  Mr. 
Huse's  letter,  Mr.  True  gave  an  affirmative  re[)ly.  Mr.  Hills  sent  to 
Mr.  True  a  note,  expressing  an  inclination  to  make  some  statements 
respecting  affairs  in  town.  Mr.  Blake,  thinking  it  not  expedient  for 
them  to  have  an  interview  by  themselves,  accom[)anied  Mr.  True;  but 
Mr.  Hills  declined  saying  any  thing  upon  the  subject  in  the  presence 
of  a  third  person. 
16* 


182  ECCLESIASTICAL   HISTORY. 

the  Rev.  Messrs.  Scott/  of  Minot ;  Johnson,  of  Belfast ; 
Jotham  Sewall,  of  Chesterville ;  John  Sawyer,  of  Booth- 
bay  (the  last  two  missionaries) ;  Packard,  of  Wiscasset ; 
Huse,  of  Warren  ;  and  Bay  ley,  of  Newcastle,  who  was 
"put  on"  in  place  of  Rev.  Mr.  Gillett,  of  Hallowell,  who 
was  invited,  but  did  not  attend. 

The  church,  being  convened  on  the  same  day, 
"  voted,  upon  the  concessions  of  Brothers  Amos  Walk- 
er, Stephen  March,  and  Samuel  Hills,  before  the  mu- 
tual council,  to  forgive  and  restore  them." 

The  record  of  the  council,  signed  by  Jonathan 
Scott  ^  as  moderator,  and  Hezekiah  Packard  as  scribe, 
states  that,  ■ — 

"  After  adjusting  the  council  to  the  satisfaction  of  the  par- 
fies,  the  Rev,  Mr.  True  was  requested  to  exhibit  the  doings 
of  the  church  in  said  town.  Upon  which  the  Rev.  Mr.  True 
produced  articles  of  charge  against  their  brethren,  Samuel 
Hills,  Stephen  March,  and  Amos  Walker  •  and,  after  read- 
ing the  same,  their  reply  and  defence  was  called  for  and  ex- 
hibited. The  council  resulted  as  follows,  viz. :  After  a  de- 
liberate, patient,  and  impartial  hearing  and  investigation  of 
all  matters  of  charge  and  grievance  exhibited  by  the  church 
against  their  brethren.  Hills,  March,  and  Walker,  the  coun- 
cil were  happy  to  find,  that,  in  consequence  of  explanations 
and  concessions  of  the  accused  brethren,  the  church  unani- 
mously voted  they  were  satisfied.  The  church,  on  their 
part,  made  such  explanations  and  concessions  with  regard  to 
the  charges  produced  by  said  Hills,  March,  and  Walker,  as 
manifested  a  conciliatory  disposition ;  and  we  lament,  that, 

^  Mr.  Scott  was  quartered  on  Capt.  Barrett,  with  whom  Mr.  True 
boarded.  It  is  said  that  the  object  was  to  afford  Mr.  Scott  an  opi)or- 
tunity  to  ehcit  Mr.  True's  heresies.  The  result,  however,  was  differ- 
ent. Mr.  Scott  found  there  was  but  Uttle  difference  of  sentiment. 
Friendly  letters  passed  between  them  afterward.  In  one  dated  Oct.  6, 
1808,  which  Mr.  Scott  wrote  to  Mr.  True,  he  observes,  "I  heard  your 
character,  as  a  minister  of  the  gospel,  often  impeached  before  the 
council  when  I  was  with  you,  as  you  know,  in  such  sentences  as 
these :  '  He  is  not  fit  to  preach  the  gospel ; '  '  We  cannot  be  fed  by  his 
preaching,  &c.  &c.'  But,  while  there  was  nothing  specified  which  ex- 
hibited the  truth  and  evidence  of  the  assertions,  such  impeachments 
did  not  influence  my  judgment  against  you,  nor  lessen  my  esteem  for 
you,  any  at  all,  neither  then  when  uttered,  nor  in  any  moment 
since." 


CONTINUED    OPPOSITION.  183 

although  a  full  reconciliation  was  truly  desirable,  we  have 
not  the  satisfaction  of  seeing  all  matters  of  difficulty  done 
away."  The  result  concludes  with  several  apostolical  ex- 
hortations to  the  members  of  the  church  to  promote  peace 
and  harmony  among  themselves. 

"Notwithstanding  this  result,"  continues  Mr.  Huse  in  his 
letter,  "the  three  members  continued  restless  and  dissatis- 
fied ;  and,  in  two  or  three  weeks,  they,  with  nine  females, 
sent  a  request  to  the  church  to  be  dismissed,  that  they  might 
join  some  other  church,  or  form  themselves  into  a  new 
one.  ^  The  church  thought  themselves  unauthorized  to 
grant  their  request.  ^  After  a  few  months,  the  before- 
named  Sewall  came  into  town,  preached  several  lectures  in 
the  town,  and  upon  the  borders  of  adjacent  towns.  And, 
while  he  was  with  these  disaffected  persons,  a  line  was  sent 
to  Rev.  Mr.  True,  to  be  communicated  to  the  [church],  signed 
by  these  persons,  in  which  they  protested  against  the  '  con- 
duct of  the  church,  and  declare  that  they  withdraw  from 

^  The  request  was  in  the  following  words  :  *'  Brethren,  you  must 
be  sensible,  that  we,  the  undersigned,  members  of  the  Congregational 
Chiu-ch  of  Christ  in  this  place,  have  been  for  a  long  time  much  tried 
and  grieved,  that  we  cannot  enjoy  Christian  communion  in  this 
church,  agreeable  to  our  desires  ;  and,  as  we  have  made  several  at- 
tempts to  have  our  grievances  redressed,  and  as  often  failed,  and  now 
feel  ourselves  held  as  it  were  in  bondage,  therefore,  brethren,  we  desire 
your  consent,  by  vote,  that  we  may  withdraw  our  relation  from  this 
church,  and  have  the  liberty  of  joining  some  sister-church,  or  be 
formed  into  a  new  church,  as  we  may  think  most  expedient.  Your 
compliance,  we  trust,  will  save  us  the  trouble  of  another  council,  as 
we  cannot  feel  content  to  remain  in  such  a  disagreeable  and  unhappy 
situation." 

^  It  is  not  improbable,  that  the  difficulties  in  Union  led  to  the 
following  determination  in  the  ministerial  association :  "  Warren, 
Aug.  24,  1808.  Voted,  that  to  promote  a  more  perfect  union  among 
our  churches,  and  to  form  a  consistory  for  hearing  and  ending  all 
questions  of  disciplme,  which  shall  not  be  settled  in  each  separate 
church,  that  each  of  our  churches  be  invited  to  send  a  delegate  with 
the  minister  to  form  a  consociation."  This  proposition  being  brought 
before  the  church  at  Union,  Sept.  14,  it  was  voted  unanimously  to 
accept  the  above  invitation,  and  to  assist  in  forming  a  consistory. 

On  the  same  day  in  which  the  church  agreed  to  assist  in  forming  a 
consistory,  they  voted,  •'  We  at  present  deem  it  improper  to  dismiss 
members  of  a  church,  without  recommending  them,  at  the  same  time, 
to  some  other  church  specified  in  the  request."  This  was  in  accord- 
ance with  the  sentiments  of  Mr.  Scott,  who  stated  in  his  letter  of  Oct. 
6,  1808,  that  it  would  be,  **  in  effect,  to  unchurch  them ;  and  such 
proceeding  has  no  precedent  in  the  New  Testament." 


184  ECCLESIASTICAL  HISTORY. 

them,  exhort  them  to  repentance,  and  say  they  should  re- 
joice to  receive  any  of  them  who  should  see  the  error  of  their 
ways,  repent,  and  reform.' 

*'  Directly  upon  this,  and  while  Mr.  Sewall  was  with 
them,  they  proceeded  to  call  an  ex  parte  council ;  and,  a  few 
days  previous  to  meeting  of  council,  they  gave  Mr.  True 
notice  of  what  was  done,  requesting  his  attendance  with 
the  council." 

KESULT    OF    THE    COUNCIL. 

"  Agreeable  to  letters  missive  from  the  aggrieved  breth- 
ren, formerly  members  of  the  church  of  Christ  in  Union,  an 
ecclesiastical  council  was  convened  at  the  house  of  Mr. 
Samuel  Hills,  Feb.  15,  1809,  for  the  purpose  of  attending 
to,  and  giving  advice  and  counsel,  in  relation  to  difficulties, 
which  have  for  some  time  past  existed  in  the  church. 

"  Present :  Rev.  Elders  Kiah  Bayley,  John  Sawyer, 
Jonathan  Ward,  Amasa  Smith,  Jotham  Sewall,  Samuel 
Sewall,  and  Jonathan  Belden.  Delegates  :  Ebenezer  Hag- 
gett,  Sewall  Crosby,  Moses  Weymouth,  Ezekiel  Avery,  Asa 
Chase,  and  Thomas  Ring.  Rev.  John  Sawyer  was  chosen 
moderator,  and  Rev.  Jonathan  Belden  scribe. 

"  After  prayer  by  the  moderator,  the  letter  missive  from 
the  aggrieved  brethren  was  read,  in  which  it  was  stated, 
that  they  had,  after  long  waiting  and  many  painful  efforts 
to  settle  the  difficulties  subsisting  between  them  and  the 
majority  of  the  church,  finally  remonstrated,  protested,  and 
withdrawn  from  them.  Finding  that  the  aggrieved  had  ac- 
tually separated  themselves  from  the  church,  the  council 
proceeded  to  inquire  into  the  grounds  and  reasons  of  their 
conduct  in  withdrawing.  Upon  inquiry,  the  council  found 
that  difficulties  had  existed  in  the  church  for  more  than 
two  years  and  a  half;  that,  on  Sept.  10,  1806,  an  ecclesi- 
astical council  had  been  convened  by  the  aggrieved,  to  give 
them  advice  respecting  their  difficulties  ;  that  the  following 
articles  of  grievance  were  laid  before  the  council  for  their 
consideration." 

Here  follow  the  four  articles  already  printed  in  the 
note  on  page  178;  after  which,  the  narrative  conti- 
nues, — 

"  That  no  attention  was  paid  to  the  advice  of  said  council 
by  the  church. 


COUNCIL.  185 

"  That,  on  Sept.  24,  1806,  the  aggrieved  brethren  pre- 
sented to  the  council  convened  for  the  ordination  of  Mr. 
True,  a  remonstrance,  expressing  their  dissatisfaction  with 
his  ministrations,  and  their  apprehensions,  that,  if  he  was 
settled,  they  could  not  conscientiously  attend  his  ministra- 
tions ;  and  that  the  consequence  would  be  an  unhappy  sepa- 
ration of  the  church ;  and  that  evil  consequences,  civil  and 
religious,  would  result  to  this  society. 

"  That,  on  Oct.  18,  1806,  a  complaint  was  brought  by  Mr. 
Blake,  who  was  not  a  professor  of  religion,  before  the  church, 
against  Mr.  Samuel  Hills,  containing  several  heavy  charges. 

"That,  on  Nov.  13,  1806,  the  church  exhibited  articles  of 
complaint  against  Brothers  March,  Walker,  and  Hills  ;  and, 
on  Nov.  24,  proceeded  to  suspend  Brother  Hills  from  their 
communion. 

"  That,  after  various  fruitless  efforts  to  obtain  a  mutual 
council  to  settle  their  difficulties,  the  following  articles  of 
complaint  were,  among  others,  exhibited  by  the  aggrieved 
against  their  brethren,  May  10,  1808  :  — 

"  1.  That  our  brethren  urged  uis  to  take  measures  to  ascertain  the 
opposition  to  Mr.  True,  and  then  blamed  us  therefor. 

•'  4.  In  bringing  and  acting  upon  charges  against  the  brethren, 
without  sufficient  evidence. 

"8.  In  refusing  to  take  a  vote  upon  an  acknowledgment  of  one 
of  the  church,  although  it  had  been  presented  nearly  five  months. 

•'  9.  In  neglecting,  for  more  than  thirteen  months,  to  prosecute 
the  charges  brought  against  some  of  the  brethren. 

"  10.  That  our  brethren  have  not  been  sufficiently  cautious  in  ad- 
mitting persons  occasionally  to  the  Lord's  table."  ^ 

"  That,  on  June  29,  1808,  a  mutual  council  was  convened 
to  attend  to  the  difficulties  existing  in  the  church.  That, 
after  the  council  had  heard  the  charges  against  the  ag- 
grieved, and  some  explanations  were  given,  the  church  voted 
to  restore  Messrs.  March,  Walker,  and  Hills. 

"  That  the  matters  of  complaint  exhibited  by  the  ag- 
grieved against  the  church  were  not  settled  by  the  council. 

"That,  on  July  12,  1808,  the  aggrieved  requested  the 
church  to  let  them  withdraw  their  relation  to  the  church ; 
but  were  denied  their  request. 

"That,  on  Sept.  29,  1808,  the  following  articles  of  com- 
plaint were  exhibited  against  the  church :  — 

^  The  substance  of  the  other  articles  is  comprehended  in  the  sub- 
sequent charges. 


186  ECCLESIASTICAL   HISTORY. 

**  To  the  Rev,  Henry  True,  to  he  communicated  to  the  church, 

"We,  the  undersigned,  beg  leave  to  state,  that  we  feel  much 
wounded  and  aggrieved  by  the  conduct  of  the  church. 

"1.  That  our  brethren  have,  in  open  violation  of  their  vote,  re- 
fused to  accept  of  the  assistance  of  some  of  the  Lincoln  Association, 
and  have  treated,  and  continue  to  treat,  them  with  cold  neglect. 

**  2.  That  they  have  infringed  the  rights  of  some  of  the  members 
of  the  church,  in  admitting  a  committee  of  the  town  to  act  with 
them  on  matters  belonging  exclusively  to  the  church. 

"  3.  That  they  have,  in  a  hasty  and  inconsiderate  manner,  urged 
forward  the  settlement  of  Mr.  True,  contrary  to  the  judgment  and 
feelings  of  the  major  part  of  the  brethren  and  sisters  of  the  church. 

"  4.  That  our  brethren  have  disobeyed  the  commands  of  Christ,  in 
not  taking  the  private  steps  in  their  discipline  ;  — 

"  5.  In  bringing  charges  against  some  of  the  brethren  that  had  no 
foundation  in  truth  ;  — 

"  6.  In  allowing  Mr.  Blake  to  interfere  in  the  discipline  of  the 
church,  and  using  his  influence  with  them,  by  pleading  before  them 
against  some  of  their  brethren ;  — 

"  7.  In  not  consulting  the  church  upon  the  propriety  of  coming  to 
the  Lord's  table  under  existing  difficulties  ;  — 

«*  8.  In  refusing  to  act  upon  business  regularly  brought  before 
them ;  — 

"9.  In  transacting  important  church-business  before  the  hour 
appointed  for  church-meeting ;  several  of  the  brethren  not  having 
arrived,  and  the  said  business  not  having  been  regularly  opened  to  the 
church  for  their  consideration,  or  they  notified  that  such  business 
was  to  be  acted  upon  at  a  future  meeting. 

"  Samuel  Hills, 
"St.  March, 
"In  behalf  of  the  aggrieved." 

*'That,  on  Nov.  12,  1808,  the  aggrieved  presented  a  re- 
monstrance against  the  conduct  of  tlie  cliurcli,  in  not  at- 
tending to  their  complaints. 

"That,  on  Jan.  5,  1809,  the  aggrieved  protested  against 
the  conduct  of  the  church,  and  withdrew  from  their  com- 
munion. 

"  That,  for  more  than  two  years,  the  aggrieved  have  been 
deprived  of  gospel-ordinances ;  and  that  little  or  no  pains 
have  been  taken  with  the  sisters,  either  to  give  them  satis- 
faction, or  to  convince  them  of  their  error,  if  they  were  in 
one. 

"  While  the  council  were  investigating  the  business,  the 
Rev.  Mr.  True  and  some  members  of  the  church,  at  the 
special  request  of  the  council,  attended,  and  very  candidly 
offered  many  remarks  and  explanations  and  concessions, 
with  a  view  to  throw  light  upon  the  subject  under  consid- 
eration, for  the  information  of  the  council. 


HILLS'S  SECOND   COUNCIL.  187 

"  It  was  earnestly  recommended,  both  to  the  church  and 
the  aggrieved,  that  they  should  make  an  effort  to  settle 
their  difficulties.  And  the  council  conversed  with  each 
party  separately  to  see  if  no  method  could  be  devised  for 
their  re-union,  but  could  not  discover  any  way  to  unite 
them  on  gospel-principles. 

"All  hope  of  obtaining  an  object  so  desirable  being  at  an 
end,  in  the  view  of  the  council,  after  a  deliberate  and  atten- 
tive review  of  the  difficulties  submitted  for  their  considera- 
tion, the  council  voted  unanimously  as  follows  :  — 

"  1.  That,  in  the  opinion  of  this  council,  the  subjects  of  complaint 
presented  by  the  aggrieved  against  the  majority  are  matters  of  real 
grievance. 

"  2.  That  the  articles  of  complaint  were  generally  supported. 

•'3.  That  the  covenant-relation  between  the  minority  and  major- 
ity of  the  church  in  this  place  is  dissolved,  in  consequence  of  the 
breach  of  covenant  on  the  part  of  the  majority,  and  the  steps  taken 
by  the  minority;  —  on  this  view  of  the  subject,  together  with  the  con- 
sideration that  the  minority,  upon  close  examination  of  their  experi- 
ences and  religious  opinions,  do  appear  to  be  qualified,  agreeably  to 
the  rules  of  the  gospel,  to  enjo^'  gospel-ordinances." 

"  And  although  many  unhappy  consequences  may  follow, 
yet  this  council  feel  themselves  justified,  and  under  indispen- 
sable obligation  from  Christ's  command  to  feed  his  sheep  and 
lambs,  to  assist  them  by  forming  them  into  a  church. 

"  The  council  deeply  deplore  the  evils  that  have  arisen  in 
this  part  of  our  Lord's  vineyard,  and  lament  that  they  should 
feel  a  necessity  of  taking  such  a  painful  step.  They  compas- 
sionate the  deplorable  state  of  that  part  of  the  church,  whose 
general  conduct,  in  relation  to  the  subjects  of  complaint  which 
have  come  before  the  council,  they  are  constrained  to  disap- 
prove. They  ardently  pray  that  God  would  give  them 
repentance  unto  life ;  and  they  exhort  and  beseech  them  to 
turn  to  God  with  all  their  hearts,  with  supplication  and 
prayer,  and  to  amend  their  ways  ;  to  return  to  their  brethren, 
and  endeavor  to  heal  the  wounds  they  have  occasioned,  and 
build  up  the  kingdom  of  Christ  in  this  place. ^ 

^  According  to  Mr.  Huse's  letter,  it  seems  that,  in  relation  to  this 
council,  "  Mr.  True,  with  some  of  the  church,  met  them,  and  assured 
them  they  did  not  mean  to  acknowledge  them  as  a  council.  They 
proceeded,  however,  to  examine  the  charges  of  grievance  exhibited  by 
these  three  disaffected  members  against  the  church.  The  charges 
were  much  the  same  as  those  laid  before  the  mutual  council.  They 
all  had  some  relation  to  the  conduct  of  the  church  with  regard  to  the 


188  ECCLESIASTICAL   HISTORY. 

"  The  council  would  betray  weakness  and  the  want  of  gos- 
pel-impartiality, were  they  to  decide  that  nothing  wrong,  in 
this  long  state  of  controversy  and  difficulty,  had  fallen  to 
the  lot  of  the  minority.  But,  from  a  view  of  the  whole  of 
their  proceedings,  we  consider  them  as  having  acted  in  the 
main  agreeably  to  the  directions  of  the  gospel. 

"  And  it  is  our  decided  belief,  that,  had  the  church  been 
earnest  for  the  maintenance  of  a  just,  equal,  and  faithful 
gospel-discipline,  this  very  unhappy  separation  would  not 
have  taken  place. 

"  To  the  church  now  formed  hy  their  desire,  and  the  ajjpro- 
hation  of  this  council. 

"  Christian  Brethren,  —  We  acknowledge  you  as  a  church 
of  Christ,  and  receive  you  into  the  fellowship  of  the 
churches  of  Christ.  We  wish  you  the  presence  and  bless- 
ing of  Jesus,  the  great  Head  of  the  church,  and  pray  that  he 
would  establish  and  build  you  up  in  the  faith  and  in  love, 
and  increase  you  abundantly.  But,  when  we  view  your 
situation  and  prospects,  we  tremble  for  you.  We  therefore 
exhort  you  to  be  wise  as  serpents,  and  harmless  as  doves. 
Walk  circumspectly  towards  those  that  are  without,  and  let 
your  light  shine  before  others.  Remember  you  are  a  city 
set  upon  a  hill.  Let  the  word  of  God  dwell  in  you  richly. 
Be  much  in  prayer.     Forsake  not  the  assembling  yourselves 

settlement  of  Mr.  True.  Nothing  intentionally  wrong  was  proved 
against  the  church,  except  their  persevering  to  settle  Mr.  True  in  op- 
position to  the  desire  of  the  minority.  It  is  worthy  of  notice,  that  three 
members  of  this  ex  parte  council  were  on  the  preceding  mutual  council ; 
and  all,  at  least  except  one,  assented  to  the  result  of  said  council.  But, 
notwithstanding  the  mutual  council  resulted  that  '  the  church,  on 
their  part,  made  such  explanations  and  concessions  with  regard  to  the 
charges  produced  against  them  by  their  brethren.  Hills,  March,  and 
Walker,  as  manifested  a  conciliatory  disposition,'  and  exhorted  them 
all  to  be  at  peace  among  themselves,  this  ex  parte  council  resulted 
that  'the  covenant-relation  between  the  majority  and  minority  of  the 
church  in  Union  is  dissolved,  in  consequence  of  the  breach  of  cove- 
nant on  the  part  of  the  majority  and  the  steps  taken  by  the  minority ; ' 
and  that  they  '  feel  themselves  justified,  and  under  indispensable  obli- 
gation from  Christ's  command  to  feed  his  sheep  and  lambs,  to  assist 
them  by  forming  them  into  a  church.'  They  censured  the  conduct 
of  the  church,  and  expressed  an  ardent  prayer  *  that  God  would  give 
them  repentance  unto  life,'  and  exhorted  and  besought  them  '  to 
turn  to  God  with  all  their  hearts,  with  supplication  and  prayer,  and 
to  amend  their  ways,  return  to  their  brethren,  and  endeavor  to  heal 
the  wounds  which  they  have  occasioned,  and  build  up  the  kingdom 
of  Christ  in  this  place.'  " 


SECOND   CONGREGATIONAL   CHURCH.  189 

together ;  but  be  careful  to  meet  statedly  for  the  worship  of 
God  on  the  sabbath,  and  endeavor,  as  far  as  you  can,  to  ob- 
tain the  public  ministrations  of  the  word  and  ordinances  of 
God.  Hold  fast  the  doctrines^  of  the  uncorrupted  gospel. 
Be  attentive  to  the  examination  of  those  who  are  admitted 
to  your  communion.  Watch  over  one  another  in  the  Lord. 
See  that  the  discipline  of  God's  house  be  duly  executed,  and 
that  you  fall  not  out  by  the  way.  Be  not  high-minded,  but 
fear  lest  you  bring  a  reproach  upon  yourselves  and  others,  to 
the  great  injury  of  religion.  We  exhort  you  to  keep  toge- 
ther, and  to  strengthen  each  other's  hands  in  every  good 
work.  Bring  up  your  children  for  God.  We  charge  you 
to  live  in  love,  and  to  cultivate  peace  and  good  under- 
standing among  yourselves ;  and  we  pray  that  the  God  of 
peace  may  dwell  with  you.  And  now,  brethren,  we  com- 
mend you  to  God  and  the  word  of  his  grace,  which  is  able 
to  build  you  up,  and  to  give  you  an  inheritance  among  all 
them  that  are  sanctified. 

"  The  above  result  approved  by  the  unanimous  vote  of 
council,  this  seventeenth  day  of  February,  1809. 

"  John  Sawyer,  Moderator. 

"Jonathan  Belden,  Scribe." 

To  continue  Mr.  Huse's  letter :  — 

"  Even  before  this  separation,  it  was  no  uncommon  thing 
for  missionaries  to  go  into  Union,  give  advice  to  the  dis- 
affected party,  preach  public  lectures,  while  Mr.  True  was 
preaching  there  on  probation  and  after  his  ordination  ;  —  I 

^  One  objection  to  Mr.  True  was,  that  the  Rev.  Mr.  Ripley,  of  Con- 
cord, Mass.,  had  sent  him ;  and  therefore  he  must  be  a  Socinian.  This 
charge  was  constantly  made  throughout  his  ministry,  though  Mr. 
Ripley  had  probably  never  heard  of  him  till  after  he  came  to  Union. 
The  first  sabbath  Mr.  True  was  here,  "  Mr.  Sawyer,  then  of  Boothbay, 
was  present  from  the  Lincoln  and  Kennebec  Association  to  hold  the 
ground.  Mr.  True  supplied  in  the  morning.  He  went  to  Warren  in 
the  afternoon  to  attend  a  funeral,  and  Mr.  Sawyer  preached  in  the 
meeting-house  while  he  was  gone."  A  system  of  opposition  ran 
through  all  the  veins  of  the  Lincoln  and  Kennebec  Association.  Mr. 
Hills  carried  his  opposition  so  far,  that  he  "  got  Mr.  True  to  his  house 
one  evening  to  examine  his  experience,  while  others  were  in  a  differ- 
ent room  to  listen  and  report  according  to  his  [Hills's]  dictation." 
Hills  and  the  Lincoln  and  Kennebec  Association  were  identified  in 
their  spirit.  When  Mr.  True  was  supported  by  subscription,  and  be- 
fore dismission,  Sewall,  Belden,  and  others  took  possession  of  the 
17 


190  ECCLESIASTICAL  HISTORY. 

mean  such  missionaries  as  were  under  the  influence  of,  and 
immediately  connected  with,  the  members  of  the  before- 
mentioned  party-council.  Since  the  separation,  the  mem- 
bers of  the  council  have  considered  this  little  party  as  under 
their  immediate  and  exclusive  care,  and  have  taken  pains  to 
countenance  and  support  them  in  their  separate  condition, 
by  visiting  them,  preaching  to  them,  administering  the  sacra- 
ment to  them,  and  by  often  directing  missionaries  to  them, 
who  are  of  their  particular  sentiments  in  religion.  They 
are  countenanced  by  the  Maine  Missionary  Society,  par- 
ticularly by  the  Lincoln  and  Kennebec  Association,  the 
most  active  and  influential  members  of  which  societies  com- 
posed the  ex  parte  council. 

"  Mr.  True  is  a  modest,  moderate  Calvinist.  No  one  pre- 
tends to  find  fault  with  his  doctrines  or  moral  conduct ;  only 
that  he  does  not  go  far  enough,  and  they  cannot  feel  that  he 
is  a  converted  man.  The  majority  of  the  church  of  which 
he  is  pastor  are  apparently  serious,  orthodox,  and  exem- 
plary Christians.  I  have  personally  known  them  for  many 
years.  But  they  do  not  carry  points  of  doctrine  quite  so  far 
as  some  others,  particularly  as  Mr.  Hills,  who  is  a  disciple 
of  Dr.  Emmons ;  and  they  do  not  wish  to  be  under  the  en- 
tire control  of  the  Lincoln  and  Kennebec  Association. 

"  Members  of  the  ex  parte  council  above  mentioned,  and 
missionaries  under  their  influence,  not  only  visit  and  preach 
to  the  party  in  Union,  but  many  times  preach  in  other 
towns  where  are  settled  ministers,  barely  at  the  request  of 
an  individual,  male  or  female,  boy  or  girl,  over  whom  they 
have  gained  some  ascendency.  They  make  a  practice  of 
passing  by  settled  ministers,  and  associating  with  those  in 
parishes  who  are  a  little  disaffected  toward  their  own  mini- 
sters. These  things  are  done  very  frequently  in  this  and 
other  towns  in  this  county."^ 

meeting-house.  Even  while  Mr.  True  was  a  candidate,  "  Jotham  and 
Samuel  Sewall  appointed  lectures  at  the  meeting-house  and  other 
places,  without  consulting  him."  It  should  be  added,  in  justice  to 
Rev.  Mr.  Mitchell,  who  afterward  was  settled  in  Waldoborough,  that 
he  did  not  sympathize  with  the  opposers  of  Mr.  True,  "  and  invited 
Mr.  True  to  take  a  mission  from  the  Maine  Missionary  Society." 

^  The  details  given  will  enable  those  who  wish  it  to  judge  of  the 
merits  of  a  controversy  which  kept  the  community  in  high  excite- 
ment for  many  years,  and  of  which  the  lamentable  effects  are  felt  to 
the  present  day.  A  lesson  may  be  learned  respecting  the  sectarian 
spirit  of  the  time,  not  merely  in  Union,  but  in  the  State  generally  j 


PROSELTTISM.  191 

Such  was  the  origin  of  the  Second  Congregational 
Church  in  this  town.  At  the  organization,  Feb.  17, 
1809 J  they  adopted  the  articles  of  faith  and  the  cove- 
nant which  were  then  in  use  by  the  First  Church,  and 
which  were  adopted  by  them,  Feb.  6,  1804,  with  the 
alterations  then  made  to  suit  Mr.  Hills.  The  only 
change  of  the  language  was  in  the  substitution  of  the 
words,  "  We  engage  to  admit  to  our  holy  communion 
such,  and  none  but  such,  as  give  a  rational,  scriptiu-al 
evidence,"  for  the  words,  "  We  engage  to  admit  to  our 
holy  communion  all  who  can  give  a  rational,  scripture 
evidence,"  &c. 

and,  though  the  remaining  part  of  Mr.  Huse's  letter  does  not  per- 
tain exclusively  to  Union,  it  is  thought  proper  to  add  it :  — 

♦*  The  Maine  Missionary  Society,  or  rather  Mr.  Bayley,  of  Newcas- 
tle, its  President,  and  the  Lincoln  and  Kennebec  Association,  take 
the  utmost  pains  to  ascertain  every  vacant  parish,  where  there  is  the 
least  prospect  of  establishing  a  minister,  and  immediately  send  them 
one  after  their  own  heart,  supported  for  a  while  by  the  society's 
funds,  but  accompanied  with  a  letter  to  some  individual  in  the  parish, 
suggesting  to  him  the  propriety  of  their  hiring  him,  at  least  for  a 
while,  after  the  term  of  his  mission  expires ;  and  the  good,  unsus- 
pecting people  think  they  can  do  no  less.  By  this  means,  they  have 
sometimes  succeeded  in  palming  ministers  of  a  particular  complexion 
upon  towns  and  societies  in  this  quarter.  In  some  instances  they 
have  established  ministers,  whose  sentiments,  when  fully  known,  are 
very  obnoxious  to  a  great  majority  of  the  people. 

•*  The  ministers  and  missionaries  from  the  Maine  Society,  or  Lin- 
coln Association,  avoid  other  settled  ministers,  who  do  not  belong  to 
those  societies.  They  do  not  allow  their  candidates  to  have  any  mini- 
sterial connection  with  those  ministers,  any  further  than  to  preach  in 
their  towns,  not  exchange.  Nor  do  they  allow  the  churches,  over 
which  they  gain  control,  to  invite  the  assistance  of  neighboring 
churches  in  ordinations,  whose  pastors  are  not  of  their  number,  or 
whose  sentiments,  they  suspect,  do  not  perfectly  correspond  with 
theirs.  Two  such  instances  have  recently  occurred  in  this  immediate 
vicinity.  I  need  not  mention  them  to  you.  I  am  well  acquainted 
with  the  members  of  a  church  in  an  adjoining  town,  where  they  have 
lately  settled  a  minister,  have  often  administered  the  ordinances  to 
them,  and  am  well  convinced  they  are  in  fellowship  with  me  and  our 
church,  and  yet  our  church  was  not  invited  to  assist  at  the  ordina- 
tion. One  of  the  members  frankly  told  me  *  they  did  not  send  to  all 
churches  they  wished,  because  they  were  under  the  Maine  Missionary 
Society.'  I  must  close  my  narration,  though  it  might  be  protracted. 
You  are  at  liberty  to  make  any  use  of  it  you  please. 

"  I  am  your  brother  in  the  ministry, 

"  JONA.  HUSB." 


192  ECCLESIASTICAL  HISTORY. 

The  following  are  the  names  of  the  seceders  who 
formed  the  Second  Congregational  Church: — 

Samuel  Hills 


Stephen  March 
Amos  Walker 
Abigail  Hills 
Mary  Fogler 
Hannah  Walker 


Abigail  March 
Sarah  Nicholson 
Martha  Williams 
Huldah  Blanchard 
Sally  Barnard 
Sally  Shepard. 


To  these  were  added,  at  the  time  of  the  organization, 
Feb.  17,  1809,— 

John  Clark,  Judith  Clark,  Judith  Walker. 

There  were  subsequently  added, — 

David  Starrett,  June  11,  1810;  Jane  Kirkpatrick,  Aug. 
5,  1810  ;  Sarah  Tucker,  Aug.  5,  1810  ;  Daniel  Walker, 
Nov.  18,  1810;  James  Starrett,  March  5,  1815;  Rev. 
James  Ricker,  July  2,  1815 ;  and  afterward,  Jane  Cutting. 


CHAPTER    XX. 

ECCLESIASTICAL  HISTORY,  1807—1819. 

Proceedings  of  the  Town  to  pay  Mr.  True.  —  Remission  of  Ministe- 
rial Taxes.  —  Signers  to  the  Methodists ;  to  the  Friends ;  to  the 
Baptists.  —  Movements  to  dissolve  the  Town's  Contract  with  Mr. 
True.  —  Incorporation  of  the  First  Congregational  Society.  —  Dis- 
solution of  the  Town's  Contract. 

1807. 

During  these  church-difficulties,  the  town  was  re- 
quired each  year  to  act  on  parochial  affairs;  for 
towns  then  discharged  the  duties  which  now  devolve 
on  parishes.  Mr.  True's  opponents  were  not  inactive. 
March,  1807,  Jonathan  Newhall,  Nathaniel  Robbins, 
Nathan  Blake,  Joel  Adams,  Simeon  Butters,  Oliver 


REMISSION   OF  MINISTERIAL  TAXES.  193 

Pratt,  and  Marlboro'  Packard,  being  two  persons  from 
each  of  the  principal  denominations  in  town,  and  one 
Quaker,  were  chosen  a  committee  "to  consider  the 
aggrieved  of  all  parties,  to  fix  a  compromise,  and  to 
report  at  the  May  meeting."  May  11,  the  town  ac- 
cepted their  report,  — • 

"  That  all  who  are  not  of  the  Congregational  Society, 
and  who  do  not  intermeddle  with  said  society's  affairs,  or 
vote  in  town  on  ministerial  matters,  and  will  exhibit  to  the 
selectmen  a  certificate  thereof  signed  by  each  person  of  their 
society  who  are  subject  to  be  taxed,  and  by  a  committee  of 
three  members  of  their  church,  in  the  month  of  June  or  July 
annually,  shall  have  their  ministerial  taxes  abated  before 
the  tax-bills  are  committed  to^the  collector.  And  it  shall 
be  the  duty  of  the  selectmen  and  assessors  to  make  said 
abatements,  and  form  a  list  of  said  persons,  and  set  the 
sums  against  each  name  so  abated,  and  cross  said  ministe- 
rial tax,  and  deliver  said  list  to  the  town-clerk,  who  shall 
make  record  of  the  same,  and  certify  to  the  town-treasurer 
the  amount  of  said  abatement." 

This  principle  was  adopted  also  in  1808,  1809, 
and  1810.  Thus,  although  the  taxes  were  assessed 
regularly,  those  of  the  seceders  were  not  called  for 
by  the  collector;  and  it  was  virtually  left  optional 
with  the  societies,  except  the  Congregational,  to  raise 
any  thing  or  nothing  for  the  support  of  religious  wor- 
ship among  themselves. 

1808. 

March  7,  the  town  voted  "  to  relinquish  so  much  of 
the  ministerial  tax  of  the  Methodists  for  1806  and  1807 
as  the  selectmen  may  think  proper  to  cross."  ^  It 
was  also  "voted  to  relinquish  the  ministerial  taxes 
assessed  to  the  following  names  in  the  year  1807,  viz. : 
Spencer  Walcott,  Oliver  Pratt,  Simon  Fuller,  Nathan 

*  At  the  same  time  it  was  voted  to  let  the  Methodists  have  the 
meeting-house  the  last  sabbath  in  March.  Sept.  17,  it  was  voted  to 
let  the  Baptists  have  the  meeting-house  the  first  sabbath  in  Novem- 
ber. 

17* 


194 


ECCLESIASTICAL   HISTORY. 


Carver,  Thomas  Daggett,  Sterling  Davis,  Zelotes 
Tucker,  Marlboro'  Packard,  Barnabas  Simmons,  Ezra 
Bowen,  Abel  Walker,  Mary  Gay,  Marble  Alford,  Ja- 
cob Ring,  and  Robert  Thompson,"  who  belonged  to 
the  Baptist  denomination. 

In  accordance  with  the  report  accepted  May  11, 
1807,  the  town-records,  under  the  year  1808,  contain 
the  following  names  of  persons  who  did  not  belong 
to  the  Congregational  Society,  together  with  their 
ministerial  taxes :  — 


Joel  Adams     . 

.  $4.43 

JL»1STS. 

Solomon  Hewes  . 

$1.54 

Christopher  Butle 

^    •) 

Levi  Irish  .     .     . 

1.06 

John  Butler     . 

.  U.54 

Cornelius  Irish     . 

1.89 

Gorham  Butler 

J 

Edward  Jones 

2.77 

Jonathan  Brown 

.     1.37 

JohnKieff.     .     . 

1.41 

Thomas  Butler 

.     4.36 

Asaph  Lucas  .     . 

1.26 

Joseph  Butler 

.     4.40 

Thaddeus  Luce     . 

1.65 

Simeon  Butters 

.     3.05 

Josiah  Maxcy .     . 

6.05 

Charles  Butters 

.     1.67 

Hervey  Maxcy     . 

3.95 

Alford  Butters 

.     1.02 

Obadiah  Morse     . 

3.42 

John  Clarke    . 

.     3.43 

Bela  Bobbins  .     . 

4.81 

John  Clarke,  2d 

.     1.42 

Nathan  D.  Rice  . 

1.91 

Joshua  Collamore 

.     1.96 

Timothy  Stewart 

4.25 

Alpheus  CoUamo] 

:e  .     1.46 

David  Snell     .     . 

4.06 

Simon  Drake  . 

.     2.03 

David  Snell,  jun. 

1.13 

Simon  Chaffin 

.     2.18 

Jacob  Severance  . 

1.73 

John  Drake     . 

.     2.55 

James  Thompson 

4.25 

Rufus  Dyer     . 

.     3.00 

Olney  Titus    .     . 

2.78 

Henry  Esensa 

.     3.26 

Daniel  Walker     . 

2.77 

Jonathan  Eastma 

n    .     3.71 

John  Walker  .     . 

3.78 

Royal  Grinnell 

.     4.45 

Jason  Ware 

7.92 

Richard  Grinnell 

.     1.54 

Aaron  Young .     . 

.     2.91 

Bailey  Grinnell 

.     6.61 

Aaron  Young,  jun. 

2.36 

Samuel  S.  Grinne 

11  .     1.53 

Daniel  Murray     . 

1.00 

Matthias  Hawes 

.     8.27 

James  Maxfield    . 

1.00 

Reuben  Hills  . 

.   13.27 

Jeremiah  Clough . 

1.00 

Samuel  Hills,  2d 

.     1.86 

Lewis  Robbins,  2d 

1.00 

Nathan  Hills  . 

.     .     1.95 

Isaac  Carkin    . 

1.00 

Reuben  Hills,  jur 

I.    .     1.86 

Jeremiah  Stubbs  . 

1.00 

DEFICIENCY   OF  SALARY. 


195 


FEIENDS. 

Jonathan  Newhal 

,  14.25; 

Ichabod  Irish,  $2.56 

;  total, 

$6.81. 

BAPTISTS. 

Marble  Alford      . 

$1.81 

William  Lermond 

$3.46 

Ezra  Bowen    .     . 

3.61 

James  Lermond   . 

2.49 

William  Boggs     . 

3.40 

Oliver  Pratt    .     . 

5.76 

Nathan  Carver     . 

2.39 

William  Peabody 

1.50 

Thomas  Daggett . 

4.22 

Marlboro'  Packard 

5.67 

Sterling  Davis 

3.52 

Barnabas  Simmons 

6.41 

Simon  Fuller  .     . 

2.78 

Daniel  Shepard,  jun 

1.70 

Peter  Fales     .     . 

3.55 

Jacob  Sibley    . 

2.92 

Mary  Gay  .      .      . 

2.92 

Zelotes  Tucker     . 

2.39 

John  Hemenway . 

1.86 

Abel  Walker  .     . 

1.58 

Daniel  Howard    . 

1.38 

George  W.  West . 

4.38 

Edmund  Luce 

2.19 

Spencer  Walcott  . 

5.87 

John  Lermond     . 

7.24 

Jacob  Ring      .     . 

1.00 

1809. 

March  6, 1809,  a  committee,  consisting  of  Amos  Bar- 
rett, Nathan  Blake,  Congregationalists ;  Joel  Adams, 
Edward  Jones,  Methodists ;  and  Spencer  Walcott,  Oli- 
ver Pratt,  Baptists,  was  chosen  to  inquire  into  the  state 
of  the  treasury  respecting  ministerial  money.  The 
town  accepted  the  report.  May  1,  in  which  they  say, "  So 
far  as  we  can  ascertain  by  the  selectmen's  book  and 
other  documents,  there  is  a  deficiency  in  the  treasury, 
to  complete  Mr.  True's  salary  to  September,  1808,  of 
the  sum  of  $262.56,  including  orders  of  the  assessors 
for  Kichard  Cummings  and  others,"  —  who  stated  that 
they  belonged  to  some  other  society,  —  "  and  that  IVIr. 
True  relinquished  his  right  to  twenty-five  dollars'  an- 
nual allowance  in  place  of  firewood,"  until  such  time 
as  he  might  signify  his  want  of  it. 

At  the  same  time,  it  was  voted  to  raise  one  thousand 
dollars  for  ministerial  use ;  and  Nathan  Blake,  Ebene- 
zer  Alden,  and  Charles  Pope,  were  chosen  a  committee 
to  treat  with  Mr.  True.  There  is  no  record  of  the  re- 
port of  this  committee. 


196 


ECCLESIASTICAL  HISTORY. 


The  names  of  the  signers  to  other  societies,  Nov.  1, 
1809,  with  their  several  ministerial  taxes,  are  on  record 
as  follows :  — 


METHODISTS. 

David  Snell*  .     .     . 

$4.00 

Eufus  Dyer*  . 

.     .  $3.13 

Cornelius  Irish*  . 

3.03 

Alpheus  Collamore*      2.60 

Obadiah  Morse*  .     . 

4.86 

Joseph  Butler 

.     .     5.85 

Edward  Jones       .     . 

3.94 

Adam  Martin . 

.     .     2.88 

James  Thompson 

5.17 

Joel  Adams*  . 

.     .     5.85 

Solomon  Hewes* 

1.64 

Bailey  Grinnell* 

.     .     6.83 

Jocob  S.  Adams  . 

1.23 

Thaddeus  Luce* 

.     .     2.19 

Matthias  Hawes*      . 

11.94 

James  Maxfield 

.     .     1.99 

Ebenezer  Robbins     . 

1.91 

Isaac  Carkin    . 

.     .     1.23 

Mace  S.  Grinnell*    . 

1.23 

Jeremiah  Luce* 

.     .     1.23 

Jacob  Sevrance     .     . 

2.30 

Ezra  Bowen,  jun. 

.     1.23 

Alford  Butters      .     . 

2.73 

Samuel  Hills,  2d*     .     2.68 

Samuel  Spurr .     .     . 

3.70 

Jason  Ware*  . 

.     .  10.07 

Gorham  Butler*  .     . 

2.94 

Philip  Bobbins 

.     .     0.32 

Aaron  Young*    . 

2.20 

Thomas  Messer 

.     .     3.39 

Christopher  Butler* 

3.16 

John  Drake*  . 

.     .     3.56 

John  Lermond*  .     . 

9.74 

Ichabod  Maddocl? 

s*      3.17 

Aaron  Young,  jun.* 

3.41 

Richard  Grinnell" 

^    .     1.80 

Josiah  Hills*.     .     . 

2.46 

Simon  Chaffin 

.     .     2.96 

Reuben  Hills,  jun.  *. 

2.34 

David  Snell,  jun. 

*    .     1.89 

Nathan  Hills*     .     . 

3.01 

Royal  Grinnell* 

.     .     6.98 

Jonathan  Eastman* . 

5.36 

Bela  Bobbins* 

.     .     6.28 

Thomas  Butler*  .      . 

5.80 

John  Walker* 

.     .     5.02 

Jeremiah  Stubbs  .     . 

1.70 

Reuben  Hills* 

.   16.09 

Simon  Drake* 

3.18 

Olney  Titus     . 

.     .     3.35 

William  Lermond     . 

5.22 

John  Clark*   . 

.     .     4.12 

Joseph  Miller*     .     . 

4.64 

John  Kieff.      . 

.     1.76 

Hervey  Maxcy 

5.60 

Ezekiel  Clark . 

.     1.62 

Henry  Esensa*    .     . 

4.13 

Nathan  D.  Rice 

.     2.46 

James  Brown .     .     . 

1.72 

Joshua  Collamore 

*  .     2.28 

Simeon  Butters* 

3.46 

John  Butler*. 

.     2.77 

Timothy  Stewart*    . 

5.68 

Isaac  Booth*  . 

.     .     1.23 

*  Under  date  July  18,  1811,  these  persons,  witli  Alford  Adams, 
Leonard  Bump,  Jesse  Drake,  David  Grafton.  Isaac  Hills,  James  Little- 
hale,  Lewis  Robbins  2d,  Shadrach  Snell,  Vinal  "Ware,  and  George  W. 
West,  are  recorded  as  belonging  to  the  Methodist  Society. 


OBJECTIONS  TO   MR.   TRUE. 


197 


BAPTISTS. 


Jacob  Demuth.      .     . 

$3.17 

Jacob  Sibley*       . 

$4.42 

James  Lermond^' 

3.80 

Thomas  Daggett* 

6.67 

Marble  Alford      .     . 

2.90 

Edmund  Luce 

3.00 

Abel  Walker  .     .     . 

2.04 

Ezra  Bo  wen*  .     . 

4.87 

James  Sinclair*  .     . 

1.67 

Richard  Cummings* 

8.78 

Daniel  Howard* 

1.83 

Abel  Le  Doit .     . 

1.23 

Simon  Fuller*     .     . 

3.85 

Benjamin  Buzzell 

1.90 

Nathan  Carver*  .     . 

3.47 

William  Boggs*  . 

4.61 

Marlboro'  Packard*. 

7.60 

Spencer  Walcott* 

.     9.00 

Barney  Simmons*     . 

9.49 

James  Littlehale  . 

.     3.96 

Sterling  Davis*  . 

4.65 

Peter  Fales      .     . 

4.56 

Jacob  Ring*   .     .     . 

1.23 

Zelotes  Tucker     . 

2.92 

William  Peabody 

1.81 

George  W.  West . 

.     6.36 

Oliver  Pratt    .     .     . 

6.36 

1810. 

In  May,  and  also  in  September,  1810,  unsuccessful 
attempts  were  made  to  reconsider  the  vote  relieving 
the  Baptists  and  the  Methodists  from  paying  their 
taxes  to  the  collector.  Sept.  17,  it  was  "  voted  to  dis- 
miss the  Rev.  Henry  True  as  minister  of  the  town  of 
Union."  Nov.  5,  a  similar  idea  was  contained  in  an 
article  "to  see  if  the  town  will  take  measures,  and 
what  they  shall  be,  to  dissolve  the  contract  between 
the  Rev.  Henry  True  and  the  inhabitants  of  this  town 
of  Union,  or  act  or  do  any  thing  relative  to  ministe- 
rial or  religious  matters  which  may  come  before  them." 
No  action  was  taken  till  Nov.  19,  when  the  town 
voted  to  "  adopt  measures  to  dissolve  the  contract, 
.  .  .  and  to  choose  a  committee  of  three  to  state  their 


*  Together  with  Mary  Gay,  Aaron  Gleason,  John  Hemenway, 
Ziba  Simmons,  and  Simon  Wingate,  are  entered  on  the  town-records 
July  18,  1811,  as  belonging  to  the  Baptists. 

May  6,  1811,  the  town  voted  to  allow  Samuel  Hills,  Stephen  March, 
Daniel  Walker,  Amos  Walker,  John  Clark  2d,  and  Stephen  Childs,  to 
"have  the  appropriation  of  their  ministerial  money  to  the  support  of 
their  own  teacher."  And,  April  13, 1812,  a  certificate,  signed  by  Samuel 
Hills  and  Stephen  March,  states  that  Samuel  Hills,  Daniel  Walker, 
Amos  Walker,  John  Clark,  jun.,  Stephen  Childs,  John  Whiting,  John 
Whitney,  Nathan  Barnard,  and  Stephen  March,  are  members  of  the 
religious  society  in  Union,  called  the  Second  Congregational  Society. 


198  ECCLESIASTICAL  HISTORY. 

objections  against  him."  The  committee,  viz.  Ed- 
mund Mallard,  Thomas  Nye,  and  Herman  Hawes,  at 
an  adjourned  meeting,  Nov.  19,  made  the  following 
statement :  — 

"Your  committee,  after  due  deliberation,  have  unani- 
mously agreed  to  report  as  follows  :  — 

"  From  our  own  daily  observation,  and  the  repeated  com- 
plaints of  our  friends  and  many  others,  supporters  of  the 
Rev.  Henry  True,  we  are  led  to  believe  that  the  said  Henry 
True  is  unmindful  of  a  large  portion  of  his  parishioners, 
and  treats  his  congregation  with  great  partiality.  We  are 
fally  convinced  that  he,  the  said  Rev.  Henry  True,  treats 
some  of  his  parishioners  in  a  familiar  and  friendly  manner, 
as  a  minister  in  our  opinion  ought  to  do  ;  while  many  others 
are  treated  with  great  indifference,  and,  in  some  instances, 
with  an  apparent  studied  neglect.  We  are  of  opinion  that 
the  said  Henry  True's  ministration  and  manner  of  instruc- 
tion, for  the  reasons  above  stated,  has  [have]  become  un- 
profitable, and  [are]  rather  calculated  to  scatter,  divide,  and 
wean  the  members  of  the  Congregational  Society  in  this 
town  from  each  other,  than  to  cherish  that  equality,  harmo- 
ny, and  friendship,  without  which  the  said  society  will  be 
soon  broken  up,  and  the  great  blessings  resulting  from  such 
regulated  and  properly  conducted  societies  wholly  lost. 
We  are  fully  convinced,  that  a  large  proportion  of  the  said 
Rev.  Henry  True's  supporters  are  dissatisfied,  and  the  dis- 
satisfaction is  still  increasing,  which  lessens  the  number  of 
his  supporters  to  that  degree,  that  the  ministerial  tax  on  the 
few  remaining  is  very  burthensome,  and  in  some  instances 
peculiarly  distressing.     All  which  is  humbly  submitted." 

The  report  was  not  accepted.  The  town  adopted 
the  motion  made  by  Jonathan  Sibley,  as  follows :  — 

"  That  it  is  the  opinion  of  this  town  that  the  ministerial 
taxes  have  become  too  burthensome  to  be  borne,  and  pray 
the  Rev.  Henry  True  to  aid  the  town  in  taking  such  mea- 
sures as  will  have  a  tendency  to  ease  the  town  somewhat 
of  the  burden."  Philip  Robbins,  Josiah  Robbins,  Henry 
Blunt,  Jonathan  Sibley,  Walter  Blake,  Edmund  Mallard, 
and  Nathaniel  Bachelor,  were  chosen  "  a  committee  to  pre- 
sent the  above  to  Mr.  True,  and  try  to  treat  with  him  on 
the  above  subject." 


PROPOSALS  BY  MR.  TRUE.  199 

1811. 

Jan.  7,  1811,  the  town  voted  ^  to  accept  the  pro- 
posal made  by  the  Rev.  Henry  True,  "  that  his  parish- 
ioners pay  him  the  same  tax  upon  the  poll  and  the 
same  valuation  of  property  as  they  paid  him  the  first 
year  after  said  True's  settlement." 

The  subject  of  dissolving  the  connection  between 
the  town  and  Mr.  True  was  often  brought  up,  and 
might  have  created  much  difficulty  if  he  had  insisted 
on  his  salary  during  the  whole  of  his  ministry ;  for  the 
town  would  have  been  obliged  to  pay  it.  Consequent- 
ly, the  warrants  frequently  contain  articles  in  relation 
to  this  subject.  Many  of  them  are  substantially  repe- 
titions of  others ;  but  they  show  the  difficulty  attend- 
ing a  dissolution  of  the  connection  between  pastor  and 
people,  and  the  inclination  to  have  a  legal  adjustment. 

1813. 

June  19,  1813,  the  proposition  was  "  to  see  if  the 
town  will  choose  a  committee  to  compromise  with  the 
Rev.  Henry  True."  They  voted  "to  choose  a  com- 
mittee to  settle  "  with  him.  It  consisted  of  Ebenezer 
Alden,  Nathaniel  Robbins,  Joseph  Morse,  George 
KimbaU,  and  Jonathan  Sibley.  The  committee  re- 
ported,— 

"  That  Mr.  True  has  received  nothing  for  his  services  tor 
his  three  last  ministerial  years ;  that  his  legal  demand  upon 
the  town  for  said  services  is  $1,273.44. 

"  That  Mr.  True  makes  the  same  proposition  to  the  town 
now  that  he  made  in  January,  1811,  to  wit:  'that  his  par- 
ishioners pay  him  the  same  upon  the  poll  and  the  same  tax 
upon  the  same  valuation  of  property  as  they  paid  him  the 
first  year  after  his  settlement;'  or,  in  other  words,  if  the  so- 
ciety will  pay  him  the  amount  of  the  sums  already  assessed 
for  ministerial  use,  with  the  addition  of  $200  before  the  first 
of  March  next,  he  will  give  a  receipt  in  full  for  his  salary  up 

*  At  tlie  same  town-meeting  it  was  "  voted  that  the  town  consent 
to  have  the  Methodist  Society  petition  to  the  Legislature "  "  for  an 
Act  of  Incorporation."     Probably  the  petition  was  not  sent. 


200  ECCLESIASTICAL  HISTORY. 

to  the  present  month ;  which  sum  of  $600  already  assessed 
with  $200  added,  amounting  in  the  whole  to  $800,  in  the 
opinion  of  your  committee,  is  about  what  Mr.  True  would 
have  received  the  said  three  years,  provided  the  said  propo- 
sition of  January,  1811,  had  been  properly  met  and  properly 
carried  into  effect. 

"  Your  committee  further  report,  that  Mr.  True  will  not 
make  any  further  demand  upon  the  town  for  his  salary  the 
year  beginning  the  present  month,  from  the  strength  of  con- 
tract subsisting  between  him  and  the  town,  provided  the 
town  desired  that  he  should  continue  his  connection  with 
his  society  that  time,  and  that  he  will  receive  his  salary  by 
subscription. 

"  Your  committee  would  recommend,  that,  on  this  pre- 
sent day,  an  order  be  drawn  by  the  proper  officers  upon  the 
treasurer  for  the  sum  of  $600,  and  that  the  treasurer  be  or- 
dered to  give  Mr.  True  a  note  of  hand  for  the  sum  of  $200, 
payable  next  March,  that  Mr.  True  may  receipt  for  said  sum 
of  $800  agreeable  to  his  proposal,  which  will  bar  all  de- 
mands by  Mr.  True  upon  the  town  for  salary,  up  to  the  last 
Wednesday  in  the  present  month. 

"  All  which  is  respectfully  submitted, 

"Per  order,  Ebenr.  Alden. 

"Union,  Sept.  6,  1813." 

The  report  was  accepted,  with  the  exception  of  the 
clause  respecting  the  treasurer's  giving  to  Mr.  True 
a  note  of  hand. 

1814. 

May  9,  the  question  was  again  brought  forward 
"  to  see  if  the  town  will  dismiss  the  Rev.  Henry  True  as 
a  town-minister.  .  .  .  Motioned,  that  whereas  the  Rev. 
Henry  True  has  repeatedly  in  the  pulpit  professed  a 
readiness  to  dissolve  the  contract  between  the  town  of 
Union  and  himself  as  their  pastor,  whenever  it  was 
their  desire,  —  Voted  that  it  is  the  desire  of  the  peo- 
ple of  the  town  of  Union,  one  of  the  contracting 
parties,  that  the  said  contract  with  the  Rev.  Henry 
True  be  dissolved,  and  expire  at  the  expiration  of 
six  months;   and  that  the  town-clerk  be  ordered  to 


INCORPOKATION   OF   THE   SOCIETY.  201 

serve   the    Rev.  Mr.  True  with   an   attested  copy  of 
the  above." 

1815. 

May  8,  1815,  agreeably  to  an  article  inserted  in  the 
warrant,  the  town  "  gave  their  consent "  to  have  the 
Congregational  Society  incorporated.  Accordingly, 
the  Massachusetts  Legislature,  Jan.  31,  1816,  passed 
the  following  — 

"Act  to  incorporate  the  First  Congregational  Society  in  the 
town  of  Union. 

"Sec.  1.  —  Be  it  enacted  by  the  Senate  and  House  of 
Representatives  in  General  Court  assembled,  and  by  the  au- 
thority of  the  same,  That  Nathaniel  Robbins,  Rufus  Gillmor, 
Ebenezer  Alden,  Robert  Foster,  Amos  Barrett,  John  Little, 
Joseph  Vaughan,  Elisha  Bennet,  Moses  Morse,  Jonathan 
Carriel,  jun.,  Calvin  Morse,  John  Fogler,  Abijah  Hawes, 
David  Robbins,  James  Rice,  Seth  Luce,  Jessa  Robbins, 
Herman  Hawes,  Amariah  Mero,  Thomas  Mitchell,  Nathan 
Daniels,  Levi  Morse,  John  P.  Robbins,  Nathaniel  Bache- 
lor, William  Dougherty,  Fisher  Hart,  Caleb  T.  Jacobs, 
William  Hart,  David  Robbins,  jun.,  Jonathan  Carriel,  Mica- 
jah  Gleason,  Whiting  Hawes,  John  W.  Lindley,  Ebenezer 
W.  Adams,  Samuel  Spear,  John  Tobey,  David  Carriel,  Jere- 
miah Mitchell,  Thaddeus  Shepard,  and  Noah  Rice,  with 
such  other  inhabitants  of  the  town  of  Union  as  do  not  be- 
long to  any  other  religious  society,  and  such  as  may  here- 
after associate  with  them,  with  their  polls  and  estates,  be, 
and  they  hereby  are,  incorporated  into  a  religious  society, 
by  the  name  of  the  First  Congregational  Society  in  Union ; 
and  the  said  society  is  hereby  invested  with  all  the  powers 
and  privileges,  and  subjected  to  the  same  duties  and  requi- 
sitions as  other  religious  societies  are  invested  and  sub- 
jected to,  according  to  the  laws  and  constitution  of  this 
Commonwealth. 

"  Sec.  2.  —  Be  it  further  enacted.  That  if  any  person  liv- 
ing in  said  town  of  Union,  who  may  at  any  time  hereafter 
desire  to  become  a  member  of  said  First  Congregational 
Society,  shall  declare  his  or  her  desire  and  intention  thereof 
in  writing,  and  deliver  the  same  to  the  minister  or  clerk  of 
said  society,  and  a  copy  of  the  same  to  the  minister  or 
clerk  of  the  religious  society  to  which  he  or  she  may  at  that 
18 


202  ECCLESIASTICAL  HISTORY. 

time  belong,  such  person  shall,  from  the  time  of  delivering 
such  declaration,  be  considered  a  member  of  said  First  Con- 
gregational Society  in  Union. 

"  Sec.  3.  —  Be  it  further  enacted,  That  when  any  member 
of  the  said  First  Congregational  Society  may  think  proper 
to  secede  therefrom,  and  to  unite  with  any  other  religious 
society  in  the  said  town  of  Union,  the  same  course  and  pro- 
cess, mutatis  mutandis,  shall  be  had  and  done  as  is  presented 
in  the  second  section  of  this  Act.  Provided,  however,  that  in 
every  case  of  secession  from  one  religious  society  and  join- 
ing another,  every  such  person  shall  be  held  to  pay  his  or 
her  proportion  or  assessment  of  all  parish  or  society  taxes 
legally  voted  by  the  society,  prior  to  his  or  her  secession 
therefrom,  in  manner  above  pointed  out. 

"  Sec.  4.  —  Be  it  further  enacted.  That  any  Justice  of  the 
Peace  for  the  county  of  Lincoln,  upon  application  therefor, 
is  hereby  authorized  to  issue  his  warrant,  directed  to  some 
member  of  said  Congregational  Society,  requiring  him  to 
notify  and  summon  the  members  thereof  to  meet  at  such  con- 
venient time  and  place  as  may  be  appointed  in  said  warrant, 
to  organize  the  said  society  by  the  election  of  its  officers. 

"Approved  by  the  Governor,  Feb.  1,  1816." 

The  warrant  was  issued  by  Stephen  March,  Esq., 
Justice  of  the  Peace,  to  Ebenezer  W.  Adams,  one  of 
the  members  of  the  First  Congregational  Society  in 
Union ;  and  the  first  meeting  was  held  April  10,  1816. 

1819. 

After  the  incorporation  of  this  society,  parochial 
matters  were  not  acted  upon  as  town-business.  But 
a  settlement  was  yet  to  be  made  with  Rev.  Mr.  True. 
Nothing  seems  to  have  been  done  till  April  15,  1819, 
when  Mr.  True  signed  the  following  document :  "  I, 
the  subscriber,  hereby  release  the  town  of  Union  from 
all  demands  and  claims  whatever,  and  fully  acknow- 
ledge that  I  have  no  claim  or  demands  against  them." 
Even  this  seems  not  to  have  been  entirely  satisfactory ; 
for.  May  8,  the  selectmen  were  chosen  a  committee  to 
wait  on  him,  "  and  in  behalf  of  the  town  to  dissolve 
the  contract  which  was  made  with  him  at  or  about 


SETTLEMENT  WITH  THE  PASTOR.  203 

the  time  of  his  ordination."  The  following  report, 
made  at  an  adjourned  meeting  in  May,  was  accept- 
ed:— 

"  Whereas  the  inhabitants  of  the  town  of  Union,  on  the 
eleventh  day  of  November,  1805,  voted  to  pay  the  Rev. 
Henry  True  an  annual  salary  of  four  hundred  dollars,  so 
long  as  he  should  continue  to  be  the  minister  of  said  town ; 
and  whereas  the  said  vote  contains  conditions  to  be  per- 
formed by  either  party  wishing  a  dissolution  of  the  connec- 
tion between  said  parties,  antecedent  to  such  dissolution ;  and 
whereas  the  said  True  did,  in  April,  A.D.  1816,  discon- 
tinue to  be  the  minister  of  said  town ;  and  whereas  doubts 
have  arisen  whether  said  vote  or  contract  does  not  remain 
in  force,  —  now,  therefore,  I,  the  said  True,  and  we,  Micajah 
Gleason,  John  Lermond,  and  John  W.  Lindley,  in  behalf  of 
said  town,  chosen  for  that  purpose,  do  hereby  agree  to  dis- 
solve said  vote  or  contract,  and  all  contracts  subsisting  be- 
tween said  town  and  said  True ;  and  we  mutually  agree  to 
waive  all  right  of  notice  which  either  party  may  have  pre- 
cedent to  said  dissolution ;  and  I,  the  said  True,  for  myself, 
my  heirs,  executors,  administrators,  and  assigns,  release 
said  town  from  all  contracts  heretofore  made  to  me  by  said 
town ;  and  we,  the  said  Gleason,  Lermond,  and  Lindley, 
on  the  part  of  the  said  town  as  aforesaid,  discharge  the  said 
True  from  all  contracts  and  engagements  which  he  may 
have  heretofore  entered  into  with  said  town. 

"Henry  Tbue. 

"Micajah  Gleason, 

"  John  Lebmond,  )■  Committee. 

"John  W.  Lindley, 

"Union,  May  26,  1819." 


;l 


By  this  act,  Mr.  True  probably  relinquished  all  that 
was  due  to  him  before  the  incorporation  of  the  so- 
ciety. 

The  only  other  movement  which  the  town  as  such 
afterward  made  about  sustaining  public  worship  was 
to  "  pass  over  an  article,"  Sept.  8,  1823,  "  to  see  if  the 
town  would  raise  a  sum  of  money,  to  be  divided 
among  the  several  denominations,  to  defray  the  ex- 
penses of  preaching  the  gospel." 


204  ECCLESIASTICAL  HISTORY. 


CHAPTEE   XXL 


ECCLESIASTICAL    HISTORY,   1816—1825. 

Attempts  to  raise  Money.  — Dissolution  of  Mr.  True's  Pastoral  Con- 
nection -with,  the  Church  and  Society.  —  Result  of  the  Council.  — 
Proposals  for  uniting  the  Congregational  Churches.  —  Obstacles  to 
a  Union.  —  Union  effected. 

CONGREGATIONAL  SOCIETY. 

The  evils  which  existed  while  parochial  business  was 
transacted  by  the  town  were  not  obviated  by  the  incor- 
poration into  a  society.  At  the  meeting,  April  10, 
1816,  called  for  organization,  the  society  "  voted  that 
$250  be  raised  by  assessment  for  the  support  of  the 
Rev.  Henry  True."  Similar  votes  were  passed  in  1817 
and  in  1818.  No  money  was  voted  in  1819.  In  1820 
it  was  "  voted  to  raise  money  by  subscription  for  minis- 
terial use."  In  1821,  propositions,  first  to  raise  $200, 
and  next  $150,  both  failed;  as  did  another  to  raise 
$200  in  1824.  Mr.  True,  however,  received  but  a  small 
part  of  what  was  voted ;  a  few  presents  were  made  to 
him  by  friends ;  and,  during  the  latter  part  of  his 
ministry,  he  received  a  small  sum  for  preaching  as  a 
missionary  in  the  vicinity. 

After  several  indications  of  the  necessity  of  a  disso- 
lution, the  church,  March  7, 1820,  "  voted  unanimously 
that  they  did  not  wish  the  pastoral  relation  between 
them  and  the  Rev.  Henry  True  dissolved  at  present." 
But,  Sept.  21,  the  church  "  met  at  Brother  James  Rice's, 
agreeably  to  previous  notice ;  and  it  was  mutually 
agreed  that  the  pastoral  relation  between  the  Rev. 
Henry  True  and  the  church  should  be  dissolved,^  and 
the  pastor  choose  the  council  and  fix  the  time  for 
effecting  the  object;  and  that  the  pastor  may  remove 
all  relation  from  the  church,  if  he  should  be  desirous  of 

^  This  change  in  the  purposes  of  the  church  was  brought  about  by 
the  manoeuvring  of  Mr.  Noah  Emerson,  then  preaching  in  town. 


RESULT   OF   COUNCIL.  205 

it."  The  churches  in  Wiscasset,  Dresden,  and  War- 
ren, were  sent  to ;  but  the  Dresden  church  was  not 
represented.     The  council  met  Oct.  25. 

"  After  organization  and  prayer  by  the  moderator,  pro- 
ceeded to  business. 

"  Preparatory  to  the  deliberations  of  the  occasion,  the 
church  was  requested  to  communicate  the  several  results  of 
council  relating  to  ecclesiastical  affairs  of  the  town.  After 
examining  the  documents  exhibited,  the  council  came  to  the 
following  result :  — 

"  1.  The  connection  between  pastor  and  church,  minister 
and  people,  is  peculiarly  endearing  and  solemn  and  sacred, 
and  has  been,  in  all  ages  in  the  Christian  church,  instrumen- 
tal in  building  up  the  Redeemer's  kingdom.  The  council 
now  convened  deem  this  connection  too  sacred  to  be  dis- 
solved for  trivial  reasons ;  but  they  doubt  not  that  causes 
may  exist  and  circumstances  occur  which  justify  a  separa- 
tion. 

"  2.  The  council,  finding  that,  at  a  regular  meeting  of  the 
church,  Sept.  21, 1820,  it  was  mutually  agreed  that  the  pas- 
toral relation  between  the  Rev.  Henry  True  and  the  church 
be  dissolved,  and  that  the  pastor  choose  the  council  and  fix 
the  time  for  eff'ecting  that  object,  by  the  authority  vested  in 
them,  declare  said  connection  dissolved  accordingly. 

"3.  The  council  are  happy  to  find  the  church  have  passed 
the  following  vote  :  '  The  church  of  Christ,  of  which  the  Rev. 
Henry  True  is  pastor,  voted,  Oct.  25, 1820,  that  they  highly 
esteem  their  pastor  as  a  neighbor  and  friend,  as  a  citizen  and 
Christian  ;  and  that  they  regard  and  respect  him  as  a  consci- 
entious and  faithful  minister  of  the  Christ,  and  deeply 
lament  that  circumstances  are  such  that  a  dissolution  of  his 
pastoral  relation  to  them  has  become  expedient;  The  church 
is  still  anxious  for  his  welfare,  and  prays  for  his  health  and 
prosperity.'  And  the  council  cordially  unite  in  giving  him 
their  approbation  as  a  minister  of  Christ,  and  recommend 
him  as  such  to  the  service  of  the  churches,  wishing  him  to 
administer  gospel-ordinances  as  occasions  may  require." 
[Then  follow  pertinent  words  of  counsel  and  of  sympathy 
with  the  pastor ;  after  which  the  fourth  section  contains 
similar  sentiments  for  the  church.] 

"5.  The  council  think  it  their  duty,  before  closing  this 
result,  to  introduce  the  following  statement  of  facts :  — 
18* 


206  ECCLESIASTICAL  HISTORY. 

"  It  appears  from  letters  missive,  calling  an  ex  parte  coun- 
cil, that  those  who  were  erected  by  that  council  into  a 
church-state  had,  '  after  long  waiting  and  many  painful 
efforts  to  settle  difficulties  subsisting  between  them  and  the 
majority  of  the  church,  finally  remonstrated,  protested,  and 
withdrew.'  And  yet  it  appears  from  the  result  of  the  coun- 
cil which  ordained  Mr.  True,  that,  in  the  unanimous  opinion 
of  said  council,  Mr.  True's  confession  of  faith,  and  the 
answers  he  gave  to  questions  proposed  to  him  by  the  coun- 
cil, obviated  and  did  away  all  the  objections  brought  against 
him  by  the  professedly  aggrieved.  It  appears  also  from  the 
result  of  a  mutual  council,  called  in  1808,  to  adjust  difficulties 
subsisting  between  the  brethren  of  the  church  in  Union,  that 
the  church  manifested  toward  the  disaffected  a  conciliatory 
disposition  ;  and  the  council  regretted,  although  a  full  recon- 
ciliation was  truly  desirable,  that  they  had  not  the  satisfac- 
tion to  see  all  matters  of  difficulty  done  away.  It  appears 
likewise  that  the  ex  parte  council,  whoBe  result  has  been 
carefully  examined,  '  exhort  and  beseech  the  church  to  repent 
and  turn  to  God  with  all  their  heart,  with  supplication  and 
prayer,  and  to  amend  their  ways,  and  return  to  their  brethren, 
and  endeavor  to  heal  the  wounds  they  had  occasioned.' 
And  yet  great  exertions  have  been  njade  from  time  to  time, 
and  even  by  members  of  the  said  ex  parte  council,  to  unite 
the  two  churches ;  thus  expressing  a  wish  to  hold  Christian 
fellowship  with  those  whom  they  had  severely  censured  and 
virtually  discarded.  Indeed,  the  council  deem  it  proper  dis- 
tinctly to  state,  from  the  testimony  before  them,  that  the 
original  objectors  to  the  Rev.  Mr.  True  have,  in  the  opinion 
of  the  council,  manifested  unreasonable  opposition  to  his 
labors  and  ministry  in  this  place  ;  and  that  their  advisors 
have  been  wanting  in  that  uniting  and  conciliatory  spirit 
which  is  required  in  the  disciples  of  Christ,  and  especially  in 
them  who  are  set  for  the  preaching  and  defence  of  the  gos- 
pel of  peace. 

"  Voted  that  the  scribe  read  this  result  in  public. 

"  H.  Packard,  Moderator. 
"  D.  F.  Harding,  Scribe." 

This  was  the  termination  of  Mr.  True's  ministry. 
On  the  same  day,  the  church  chose  the  Rev.  Jonathan 
Huse,  of  Warren,  to  act  as  moderator,  "during  the 
time  of  their  destitution  of  a  pastor." 


NOAH   EMERSON.  207 

About  this  time,  measures  were  taken  to  effect  a 
union  of  the  First  with  the  Second  Congregational 
Church.  Conversations  were  held ;  but  there  does 
not  appear  to  have  been  any  action  till  June  17,  1820, 
when,  at  a  meeting  of  the  two  churches,  the  Rev. 
Amasa  Smith  was  chosen  moderator,  and  Daniel  F. 
Harding  scribe ;  and  it  was  "  voted  that  each  church 
have  a  copy  of "  certain  written  "  proposals "  for  a 
union.  It  was  also  voted  to  adjourn  the  meeting  to 
July  6,  which  should  "  be  observed  as  a  day  of  public 
fasting  and  prayer ;  and  that  the  Rev.  Messrs.  Ingra- 
ham,  Mitchell,  Huse,  True,  and  Smith  be  requested  to 
attend  on  that  day/'  At  the  adjourned  meeting,  Mr. 
Huse  was  chosen  moderator  in  the  place  of  Mr.  Smith, 
who  declined ;  and  the  First  Church  "  resolved  that 
a  union  at  that  time  was  unadvisable." 

In  a  communication  to  the  Maine  Missionary  So- 
ciety, extracts  from  which  are  published  in  their  four- 
teenth annual  report,  appended  to  the  anniversary 
sermon  of  the  Rev.  Benjamin  Tappan,  is  the  following 
language  of  Noah  Emerson,  who  was  engaged  in 
preaching  during  the  greater  part  of  this  year :  — 

"  I  labored  in  the  place  six  weeks,  with  very  little  apparent 
success.  But  it  then  appeared  that  the  Lord  was  there  by 
the  special  influence  of  his  Spirit.  On  the  24th  of  Septem- 
ber, at  the  close  of  the  public  exercises  of  the  sabbath,  a 
meeting  of  religious  inquiry  was  appointed  for  the  benefit 
of  those  that  might  entertain  a  hope  of  renewing  grace,  and 
for  that  of  others  who  might  be  under  serious  impressions. 
Eight  such  individuals  attended  the  first  meeting,  which  was 
solemn  and  interesting.  One  about  fifty  years  of  age  ap- 
peared, and  declared,  as  David, '  Avhat  the  Lord  had  done  for 
his  soul.'  One  such  meeting  was  held  every  week  ;  and,  in 
every  meeting  for  six  successive  weeks,  the  number  of  con- 
victed sinners  and  hopeful  converts  continued  to  increase  ; 
so  that  the  cries  of  distressed  souls  and  praises  of  renewing 
grace  were  alternately  heard,  which  seemed  on  the  one  hand 
to  increase  the  distress  and  deepen  the  conviction,  while  on 
the  other  to  temper  the  joy  and  increase  the  thankfulness 
for  saving  mercy." 


208  ECCLESIASTICAL  HISTORY. 

Oct.  25,  1820,  the  day  when  the  council  met  to 
ratify  the  proceedings  in  regard  to  Mr.  True's  dismis- 
sion, the  following  vote  was  passed  by  the  church  of 
which  he  had  been  the  pastor :  — 

*'  Whereas  no  regular  communication  has  been  made  from 
the  Second  to  the  First  Congregational  Church  in  this  place, 
relative  to  a  union  ;  and  whereas  there  are  some  members  of 
the  First  Church  whose  feelings  and  wishes  have  not  been 
consulted,  and  who  have  expressed  an  opinion  that  there  is 
not  a  probability  of  a  harmonious  co-operation  in  ecclesias- 
tical matters,  if  a  union  should  take  place  between  the 
churches,  —  therefore  voted  unanimously,  that,  if  any  mem- 
bers of  this  church  cannot  be  reconcil.ed  to  its  proceedings, 
they  shall  have  liberty  to  remove  their  relation  from  this 
church,  and  join  any  sister-church  they  may  wish." 

"  Nov.  1,  1820,  voted  that  the  proposals  presented  by  the 
Rev.  Noah  Emerson  be  read.  Voted  to  acquiesce  in  said 
proposals,  in  case  Mr.  Samuel  Hills  withdraw  his  relation  to 
the  Second  Church,  and  in  case  the  sisters  of  the  First 
Church  acquiesce."  The  last  vote  was  reconsidered  Nov.  16, 
and  it  was  "  voted  to  invite  the  Second  Congregational 
Church  to  return,  agreeably  to  proposals  of  Rev.  Mr.  Emer- 
son. .  .  .  Nov.  23,  voted  by  both  churches  unanimously  to 
unite  ;  "  that  "  the  proposals  be  read  next  sabbath,  and  the 
churches  sit  together.  Voted  to  dismiss  both  moderators, 
viz.  Rev.  Jonathan  Belden  and  Rev.  Jonathan  Huse." 

The  following  were  the  "  proposals : "  — 

"  Considering  that,  several  years  ago,  a  number  of  our 
church  {i.e.  the  First  Congregational  Church  in  Union)  be- 
came dissatisfied,  and,  without  our  consent,  were  formed  into 
a  separate  Congregational  Church  by  an  ex  parte  council ; 
that,  since  the  formation  of  this  church,  an  unhappy  division 
has  existed,  which  has  occasioned  many  party  feelings,  much 
to  the  dishonor  of  religion ;  that,  while  this  division  con- 
tinues, we  have  but  little  reason  to  think  that  the  ministra- 
tions of  the  gospel  will  be  constantly  supported  among  us  ; 
that  a  number  of  individuals,  giving  satisfactory  evidence  of 
piety,  wish  to  join  a  Congregational  Church  and  enjoy  the 
privileges  of  the  same,  but,  being  much  grieved  by  this  un- 
happy division,  are  hence  prevented  from  joining  either 
church ;  considering  also  that  a  number  of  said  separate  church 


UNION   OF   THE   CHURCHES.  209 

have  of  late  manifested  a  disposition  to  join  us  again,  —  we, 
the  First  Congregational  Church  of  Christ  in  Union,  de- 
sirous of  healing  the  unhappy  division,  and  of  restoring 
peace  and  prosperity  to  the  church,  feel  it  our  duty  and  pri- 
vilege to  invite  the  said  separate  church  to  join  us,  and,  as 
many  of  them  as  went  out  from  us,  to  return  to  their  former 
standing  in  our  church,  on  the  following  conditions  :  — 

"  1 .  That  we,  Samuel  Hills,  Amos  Walker,  David  Starrett, 
Daniel  Walker,  Abigail  Hills,  Sarah  Barnard,  Martha  Wil- 
liams, Judith  Walker,  Jane  Cutting,  Judith  Clark,  members 
of  the  said  separate  church,  do  confess  to  God  and  man 
whatever  we  have  done  amiss,  and  ask  forgiveness  of  both, 

"  2.  That  we,  John  Gleason,  Seth  Luce,  David  Robbins, 
James  Rice,  William  Daggett,  Dorothy  Law,  Mary  Mitchell, 
Mercy  D.  Mitchell,  Anna  Gleason,  Mercy  Robbins,  Rhoda 
Ellis,  Rebecca  Gowen,  Mary  Tobey,  Jedidah  Daggett,  Daniel 
Shepard,  Sarah  Shepard,  members  of  the  First  Congregational 
-Church  in  Union,  do,  on  our  part,  confess  to  God  and  man 
whatever  we  have  done  amiss,  and  ask  forgiveness  of  both. 

"  3.  That  we,  said  members  of  both  churches,  do  now  for- 
give each  other,  and  do  solemnly  promise  never  to  mention 
any  past  difficulties  to  the  offence  or  grief  of  any  member ; 
and,  should  any  one  be  so  unhappy  as  to  be  overtaken  in 
such  a  fault,  he  or  she,  thus  in  fault,  shall  immediately  con- 
fess it,  and  be  forgiven. 

"4.  That  we,  the  First  Congregational  Church  of  Christ 
in  Union,  do  now  receive  you,  the  said  separate  church,  into 
our  church  in  regular  standing  and  in  full  communion,  upon 
your  giving  renewedly  your  assent  to  our  confession  of  faith 
and  articles  of  covenant. 

"  5.  This  exhibition  we  make  in  public  before  all,  that 
others  also  may  fear.    (1  Tim.  v.  20.)" 

[Accordingly],  "  on  the  following  sabbath,  the  united 
church  made  a  public  exhibition  of  their  union,  which,  after 
mutual  confession  and  forgiveness  of  both  churches,  was 
effected  by  the  First  Church's  receiving  the  Second  into 
their  church  in  regular  standing  and  in  full  communion,  as 
soon  as  the  Second  had  given  a  public  assent  to  their  confes- 
sion of  faith  and  articles  of  covenant."  ^ 

Although  by  this  act  the  two  churches  came  to- 
gether, there  were  some  church-members  who  did  not 

*  Mr.  Emerson,  in  Appendix  to  the  Rev.  Dr.  Tappan's  Discourse. 


210  ECCLESIASTICAL   HISTORY. 

join  in  it,  and  they  considered  themselves  not  bound 
by  it.  Dec.  28,  there  was  chosen  a  committee  who 
made  an  unsuccessful  attempt  to  obtain  the  records  of 
the  First  Congregational  Church.  Jan.  9,  1821,  the 
committee  was  increased;  and,  "to  make  further  ex- 
ertions to  obtain  former  church-records."  Mr.  True 
offered  to  meet  the  clerk,  and  let  him  copy  all  he 
wished ;  but  he  declined  giving  up  the  original  records, 
as  he  desired  to  deliver  them  to  his  successor.  Jan.  16, 
it  was  voted,  "  that  the  deacons  and  clerk  be  a  com- 
mittee to  treat  with  Deacon  Abijah  Hawes  and 
others  respecting  a  communication  received  from 
them,  and  to  try  to  effect  a  further  union  of  churches." 
April  26,  voted  "  that  Brother  James  Rice  deliver 
those  church-vessels,  now  in  his  care,  into  Deacon 
Daniel  Walker's  hands  for  keeping."  At  the  same 
meeting,  a  committee  was  chosen  and  "  instructed  to* 
inform  our  dissenting  brethren,  that  we  expect  them 
to  accede  to  the  articles  of  our  union,  or  withdraw,  or 
agree  upon  a  mutual  council,  previous  to  our  next 
communion."  May  5,  voted  "  that  an  address  be  pre- 
sented to  Deacon  Hawes,  to  be  communicated  to  our 
dissenting  brethren."  The  address,  which  has  not 
been  found,  drew  out  the  following  reply :  — 

"  From  the  brethren  and  sisters  who  decline  acceding  to 
the  articles  of  union  of  churches,  to  Mr.  Daniel  Walker, 
moderator  of  a  church-meeting,  held  May  5,  1821  :  — 

"  Taking  into  view  the  communications  already  passed 
on  the  subject  of  the  union,  we  are  constrained  to  conclude 
that  your  communication,  containing  only  presumptuous 
accusations,  inconsiderate  assertions,  and  rash  declamations, 
was  purposely  intended  to  terrify. 

"  We,  however,  wish  you  to  examine  circumstances  im- 
partially, and  be  undeceived  respecting  the  votes  referred  to. 
The  vote  of  the  First  Church,  giving  liberty  to  withdraw 
and  join  a  sister-church,  you  have  not  correctly  stated. 
And  in  no  way  does  it  impose  on  us  any  duty  or  obliga- 
tion to  avail  ourselves  of  its  privileges ;  and,  until  we  do 
choose  to  avail  ourselves  of  it,  it  is  of  no  effect,  and  we 
stand  in  the  same  condition  as  if  the  vote  had  never  passed. 


WANT   OF  HARMONY.  211 

"The  'vote  of  tlie  same  churcli  at  a  subsequent  meeting, 
to  invite  conditionally  the  Second  Church  to  unite,'  was  not 
a  vote  of  the  church,  but  a  vote  of  five  members  only,  and 
the  meeting  irregularly  and  imprudently  called.  'And  the 
still  later  vote  to  receive  them '  was  not  a  vote  of  the 
church,  but  a  vote  of  five  members  at  an  adjournment  of  an 
irregular  meeting.  And  they  did  not  unite  by  any  vote, 
but  in  compliance  with  certain  extraneous  articles  of  agree- 
ment. 

"  There  has  never  been  an  actual  reception  of  the  Second 
Church  into  the  First ;  but  a  part  of  the  First  have  seceded, 
and  united  with  the  Second. 

"  We  earnestly  pray  that  we  and  you  may  be  made  to  see 
the  errors  of  our  steps,  that  if  possible  we  may  be  delivered 
from  persecution,  and  stand  by  our  covenant  without  intimi- 
dation ;  and,  finally,  that  you  may  conduct  with  wisdom,  and 
not  be  left  to  such  measures  as  shall  extend  the  mischiefs 
already  created." 

May  24,  the  church-records  state:  "Whereas  the  church 
has  been  charged  with  taking  unlawfully  certain  articles  of 
church-furniture,  claimed  as  the  property  of  Abijah  Hawes, 
of  Union,  and  are  prosecuted  by  him  for  the  same,  — 

"Voted  that  we  consider  the  property  ours;  that  we  have 
a  perfect  right  to  it  in  law  and  equity ;  that  we  feel  no  fear 
of  being  unable  to  substantiate  our  claims  before  a  proper 
tribunal ;  but,  considering  that  we  are  on  both  sides  the 
professed  disciples  of  Christ,  brother  going  to  law  with 
brother,  we  are  willing,  for  the  sake  of  peace  and  to  avoid 
throwing  a  stumbling-block  before  the  world,  to  relinquish 
our  just  rights,  to  give  up  said  property,  and  pay  what  cost 
has  accrued.  Provided,  however,  this  act  of  ours  shall  not 
be  construed  into  an  acknowledgment  of  the  claim  [of] 
Deacon  Abijah  Hawes  and  others  who  unite  with  him  to  be 
a  church  in  any  form. 

"  Voted  that  a  committee  of  three  be  appointed  to  com- 
municate the  foregoing  vote  to  Deacon  Hawes,  and  en- 
deavor to  eff'ect  a  settlement  on  the  principles  avowed  in 
said  vote. 

"  Voted  that  Brothers  Daniel  Walker,  Thomas  Mitchell, 
and  David  Robbins,  be  this  committee. 

"June  16.  The  committee  appointed  at  our  last  meeting 
to  settle  with  Deacon  Hawes  report  and  return  a  receipt  of 
the  settlement. 


212  ECCLESIASTICAL  HISTOKY. 

Sept.  6.  "  The  brethren  who  consider  themselves  the 
First  Congregational  Church  in  Union,  being  convened  at 
the  house  of  Rev.  Henry  True,  voted  they  are  willing  to 
confer  with  the  brethren,  Seth  Luce,  John  Gleason,  James 
Rice,  David  Robbins,  and  the  sisters  similarly  situated, 
upon  matters  of  agreement  existing  between  them,  and,  if 
deemed  expedient,  join  in  calling  a  council  for  advice." 

"  October.  Voted  [by  the  other  party]  that  Brother 
William  Daggett  sign  letters  missive,  on  our  part,  for  a 
mutual  council." 

"Nov.  15,  a  committee  was  chosen  to  confer  with  Rev. 
Henry  True  relative  to  a  union.  Voted  to  dismiss  Brother 
Samuel  Hills  from  this  church,  agreeably  to  his  offer  to 
withdraw.  .  .  .  Dec.  19,  after  mutual  confessions  and  for- 
giveness on  both  sides,  it  was  simultaneously  voted  to  be 
united  in  one  body."  The  meeting  was  "  closed  with  prayer 
by  Rev.  Mr.  True." 

Several  persons  now  united,  on  condition  that  they 
might  leave  to  join  any  other  church  within  six  months. 
The  church-meetings  held  Dec.  26,  1821,  and  Jan.  10, 
1822,  were  opened  with  prayer  by  Mr.  True.  But  by 
the  next  church-meeting,  Feb.  9,  Mr.  Hills  had  re- 
turned, claiming  membership,  and  asserting  that  by  his 
withdrawal  he  was  to  lose  nothing  but  the  privilege 
of  voting.  Accordingly,  new  dissatisfaction  arose,  and, 
at  the  church-meetings  which  followed,  it  would  seem 
that  Mr.  True  and  Mr.  Hills  were  absent ;  for  the  prayer 
was  ofiered  by  Deacon  Hawes. 

After  Mr.  Hills's  dismission,  Nov.  15,  there  seems  to 
have  been  a  disposition  to  harmony  and  co-operation. 
At  the  next  meeting,  Dec.  19,  Rev.  Mr.  True,  Thomas 
Mitchell,  and  Daniel  Walker,  were  chosen  a  commit- 
tee to  regulate  and  adjust  past  records.  But  the  sub- 
sequent prevarication  and  evasion  of  Hills  disgusted 
some.  Many  very  severe  remarks  had  been  made 
against  Mr.  True.  He  had  been  falsely  charged  with 
want  of  piety,  neglecting  family  worship,  &c.  June 
13,  Mr.  True,  in  accordance  with  his  request  made 
June  8,  and  Mr.  Jonathan  Carriel,  were  dismissed  from 
the  church,  and  recommended  to  Mr.  Huse's  in  War- 


RECONCILIATIONS.  213 

ren ;  and,  Sept.  14,  it  was  voted  to  dismiss  Mary  Bar- 
rett, Sibyl  Carriel,  Mary  True,  Harriet  Harding,  and 
George  Wellington,  to  unite  with  any  sister-church. 

"  June  12,  1824,  voted,  Whereas  Brother  Samuel  Hills,  on 
account  of  difficulties  in  the  church  of  Christ  of  which  he 
was  a  memher,  made  a  proposal  to  withdraw  and  unite  with 
some  sister-church,  if  said  church  would  dismiss  him  and 
said  proposals  should  be  complied  with,  [and]  the  proposals 
were  altered  at  the  time  the  council  were  here  and  under  the 
inspection  of  Brother  Hills  ;  [and]  therefore  we,  the  church, 
thought  it  our  duty  to  dismiss  Brother  Hills,  without  the 
pledge  specified  in  the  first  proposals,  and  we  regret  that 
any  misunderstanding  exists  between  Brother  Hills  and  the 
church,  —  we  ask  forgiveness  of  Brother  Hills  and  all  con- 
cerned, wherein  we  have  offended.  We,  therefore,  the  Con- 
gregational Church  of  Christ  in  Union,  think[ing]  it  to  be 
the  duty  of  all  Christians,  especially  of  the  same  order,  who 
live  in  the  same  town,  to  unite  in  worshipping  God,  move  to 
invite  Brother  Samuel  Hills  to  meet  with  us  when  he  can 
make  it  convenient,  that  we  may  confess  our  faults  one  to 
another,  and  pray  one  for  another  that  we  may  be  healed.  .  .  . 
July  9,  voted  and  chose  a  committee  to  visit  Brother  Hills,  to 
consult  further  with  him  respecting  his  being  reconciled  with 
the  church,  and  the  church  with  him.  .  .  .  Aug.  17,  chose  a 
committee  to  inquire  and  make  report  what  personal  objec- 
tion existed  in  the  church  against  Brother  Samuel  Hills 
being  received  to  the  fellowship  of  this  church." 

Accordingly,  Sept.  11,  the  motion  made  June  12  was 
accepted,  with  the  modifications  that  he  was  persuaded 
to  make  a  motion  to  withdraw,  and  that  it  was  sup- 
posed the  alteration  by  the  council  was  made  with 
Mr.  Hills's  knowledge  and  consent.  And,  Oct.  13, 
1825,  it  was  "  voted  to  invite  Brother  Samuel  Hills  to 
withdraw  his  relation  from  the  church  in  Waldo- 
borough,  and  unite  with  the  church  in  this  place." 
And,  May  14,  1826,  it  was  voted  to  receive  Brother 
Samuel  Hills  into  this  church,  agreeably  to  his  dismis- 
sion from  the  church  in  Waldoborough. 

Thus,  at  last,  the  two  churches  were  united.  Nearly 
all  the  members  of  each  of  them  have  since  died.  Mr. 
Hills,  on  his  death-bed,  sent  for  Mr.  True,  and  told  him 

19 


214  ECCLESIASTICAL  HISTORY. 

he  should  be  glad  "  to  talk  with  him  half  a  day ;  but  his 
strength  was  not  equal  to  it."  He  did  not  experience 
the  composure  which  he  had  supposed  his  doctrines 
would  inspire.  He  complained  of  the  darkness  and 
clouds  that  hung  around  the  valley  of  death.  The 
asperity  of  feeling  between  different  individuals  has  sub- 
sided. Several  who  left  the  church  at  the  time  of  the 
union  returned  to  it.  Of  the  members  now  composing 
it,  none  are  more  cordial  and  kind  to  each  other  than  the 
few  who  belonged  to  the  two  before  they  were  united. 


CHAPTER    XXII. 

ECCLESIASTICAL  HISTORY,  1825—1850. 

Preachers  after  the  Union.  —  Freeman  Parker.  —  George  W.  Fargo.  — 
Ordination  and  Dismission  of  Oren  Sikes.  —  Meeting-house.  —  Or- 
dination and  Dismission  of  Uriah  Balkam.  —  Samuel  Bowker's 
Ordination. 

Though  the  First  and  Second  Congregational  Churches 
and  Societies  were  united,  they  were  not  able  to  sup- 
port preaching  constantly.  Several  persons  officiated 
a  few  sabbaths,  and  some  for  a  few  months.  Rev. 
Freeman  Parker,  of  Dresden,  preached  two  summers. 
After  the  lapse  of  ten  years,  the  church,  Nov.  13,  1830, 
gave  an  invitation  to  George  W.  Fargo  to  become  the 
pastor,  with  a  salary  to  be  raised  by  taxation  on  pro- 
perty. Ajrangements  were  made  for  an  ordination ;  but 
he  was  not  settled.  May  11, 1831,  Mr.  Oren  Sikes  ^  was 
"  called,"  with  a  salary  of  four  hundred  dollars  a  year. 

^  Mr.  Sikes,  son  of  Jonathan  and  Cyrena  (Hoar)  Sikes,  was  born  at 
Ludlow,  Mass.,  Aug.  26,  1805,  and  graduated  at  the  Bangor  Theologi- 
cal Seminary  in  1830.  He  w^as  installed  at  Mercer,  Jan.  30,  1833, 
and  dismissed  May  2,  1846.  He  is  now  settled  at  Bedford,  Mass., 
where  he  was  installed  June  3,  1846.  His  wife,  Julia  Knox,  daughter 
of  Hon.  Ebenezer  Thatcher,  and  granddaughter  of  Gen.  Henry  Knox, 
was  born  at  Thomaston,  Dec.  1805.  Children,  all  born  in  Mercer  :  — 
1.  Oren  Cornelius,  Oct.  12,  1834;  2.  Julia  Cvrena,  June  24,  1836; 
3.  Catharine  Putnam,  Dec.  14,  1838  ;  4.  Henry  Knox,  May  8,  1841 ; 
5.  Caroline  Holmes,  Nov.  19,  1843,  who  died  in  Bedford,  Sept.  9, 
1846. 


PREACHERS  AFTER  THE  UNION.         215 

May  29,  an-angements  were  made  for  the  ordination. 
Invitations  to  form  the  council  were  sent  to  the  Ortho- 
dox Congregational  Churches  and  their  ministers  in 
Waldoborough,  Newcastle,  Warren,  Thomaston,  Cam- 
den, Belfast,  Prospect,  and  Albion,  and  to  the  Rev.  E. 
Gillett,  D.D.  and  Rev.  Amasa  Smith.  "  Voted  Rev. 
Henry  True  be  invited  to  sit  in  the  council."  June  7, 
the  "  ecclesiastical  council  convened,  organized,  and 
examined  Mr.  Oren  Sikes,  the  candidate,  at  Mr.  John 
Little's ;  and,  on  Wednesday  the  eighth  day  of  June, 
1831,  the  public  services  of  the  ordination  were  per- 
formed in  the  Old  Meeting-house."  Sept.  29,  1832, 
Mr.  Sikes  "  requested  the  connection  between  him  and 
the  church  to  be  dissolved."  A  council  was  convened, 
Oct.  18,  1832,  in  which  were  represented  the  churches 
in  Waldoborough,  Camden,  and  Bristol ;  and  his 
request  was  confirmed.  No  other  clergyman  was 
ordained  till  after  the  erection  of  the  meeting-house. 

The  meeting-house,  containing  fifty-two  pews,  was 
built  between  the  Common  and  Seven  Brook,  on  the 
north  side  of  the  road,  in  1839.  It  cost  about  three 
thousand  three  hundred  or  three  thousand  four  hun- 
dred dollars.  At  its  dedication,  Jan.  22,  1840,  two 
hymns,  composed  for  the  occasion  by  Mr.  Hannibal 
Hamlin,  then  a  trader  in  town,  were  sung  by  the  choir, 
under  the  direction  of  Dr.  Dakin,  of  Hope.  On  the  first 
Lord's  Day  after  the  dedication,  the  Rev.  Horatio  Ils- 
ley,  from  Portland,  commenced  preaching  in  it,  and 
continued  six  months.  Mr.  Uriah  Balkam,  a  graduate 
of  the  Bangor  Theological  Seminary,  began  on  the 
last  Sunday  in  October,  1840.  Ere  long,  an  agreement 
was  made  with  him  to  preach  one  year  for  five  hun- 
dred dollars ;  there  being  an  understanding,  that  if,  at 
the  expiration  of  that  time,  it  should  be  agreeable  to 
both  parties,  he  should  be  ordained.  In  April,  1841, 
when  but  about  one  half  of  the  year  was  gone,  he  was 
asked  to  be  settled.  He  was  ordained  June  15,  1841, 
on  a  salary  of  five  hundred  dollars,  after  an  examina- 
tion by  a  council  consisting  of  pastors  and  delegates 
from  the  Hammond-street  Church  in  Bangor,  the  First 


216  ECCLESIASTICAL   HISTORY. 

Church  in  Prospect,  the  Congregational  Churches  in 
Belfast,  Waldoborough,  Washington,  Camden,  Wai- 
ren,  and  the  two  in  Thomaston.  The  introductory 
prayer  and  reading  of  the  Scriptures  were  by  J.  G. 
Merrill,  of  Washington ;  prayer  by  Mr.  Woodhull,  of 
Thomaston ;  sermon  by  Prof.  Shepard,  of  Bangor ; 
ordaining  prayer  by  S.  McKeen,  of  Belfast;  charge 
by  N.  Chapman,  of  Camden ;  right  hand  of  fellow- 
ship by  E.  F.  Cutter,  of  Warren ;  address  by  Mr. 
Thurston,  of  Prospect ;  concluding  prayer  by  S.  C. 
Fessenden,  of  East  Thomaston;  and  benediction  by 
the  pastor.  Mr.  Balkam  ^  continued,  to  the  entke  satis- 
faction of  the  parish,  till  he  preached  his  last  sermon, 
Sept.  20,  1844,  when,  to  their  great  regret,  he  was 
obliged  to  leave  them  for  want  of  adequate  support. 

Dec.  7,  1844,  Rev.  Samuel  Bowker,^  the  present 
pastor,  began  to  preach,  under  an  engagement  for  six 
months.  Oct.  21,  1845,  the  church  voted  to  give 
Mr.  Bowker  a  call  to  become  their  minister ;  and  it 
was  concurred  in  by  the  parish,  Nov.  6.  His  letters 
of  acceptance  to  the  church  and  to  the  parish  are 
dated  Nov.  13,  1845.  The  ordination  took  place,  Dec. 
10, 1845.  Churches  in  Waldoborough,  Warren,  Wash- 
ington, Camden,  Searsport,  and  the  two  churches  in 
Thomaston,  were  represented.  The  services  were,  in- 
vocation and  reading  of  the  Scriptures  by  R.  Wood- 
hull  ;  introductory  prayer  by  J.  G.  Merrill ;  sermon  by 
S.  Thurston  ;  consecrating  prayer  by  N.  Chapman  ; 
charge  to  the  pastor  by  E.  F.  Cutter;   right  hand  of 

^  Rev.  Uriah  Balkam,  son  of  John  and  Abigail  Balkam,  was  born 
at  Robbinston,  Washington  County,  Maine,  March  27,  1812,  and  gra- 
duated at  Amherst  College,  in  1837.  He  was  installed,  Jan.  21, 
1845,  over  the  First  Parish,  or  Congregational  Society,  in  Wiscasset. 
Aug.  23,  1841,  he  married  Martha  M.,  daughter  of  John  M.  and 
Eleanor  Prince,  of  Guilford,  in  Piscataquis  County.  She  was  born 
at  Portland,  Maine,  June  25,  1819,  and  died  June,  1849. 

^  Samuel  Bowker,  son  of  Lazarus  and  Agnes  (Lennan)  Bowker, 
born  at  Phipsburg,  Maine,  Sept.  20,  1812,  was  a  member  of  Bowdoin 
College  one  year,  and  graduated  at  the  Bangor  Theological  Seminary 
in  1843.  He  married,  March  21,  1848,  Elizabeth,  daughter  of  Joseph 
and  Frances  (Tyler)  Eaton,  born  at  Harpswell,  June  3,  1821,  and  has 
one  son,  Charles  Irwin. 


METHODIST   SOCIETY.  217 

fellowship  by  J.  Dodge  ;  address  to  the  church  and 
people  by  S.  C.  Fessenden;  concluding  prayer  by  R. 
Woodhull ;  benediction  by  the  pastor. 


CHAPTER    XXIII. 


ECCLESIASTICAL  HISTORY.  — METHODISTS  AND 
BAPTISTS. 

Methodist  Church  and  Society. —  First  Methodist  Preaching. —  Circuits 
and  Districts.  —  Organization.  —  Places  of  Worship.  —  Meeting- 
house. —  Camp  Meetings.  —  Parsonage.  —  Preachers.  —  Baptist 
Church  and  Society.  —  Central  Baptist  Church. 

METHODIST   SOCIETY. 

Some  incidents  in  the  history  of  the  Methodist  Church 
and  Society  have  been  noticed  in  connection  with  the 
ecclesiastical  proceedings  of  the  town.  The  records 
of  the  society  are  incomplete  and  obscure  ;  and  from 
them  but  little  can  be  gleaned.  The  first  ^  sermon  in 
town,  by  a  Methodist,  was  preached  by  Jesse  Lee.  It 
was  probably  in  1793,  during  his  first  journey  into 
Maine.  It  was  delivered  in  the  barn  of  Rufus  Gillmor, 
a  short  distance  north  of  the  Lower  Bridge.  At  this 
time,  the  whole  of  Massachusetts,  New  Hampshire,  and 
Maine  constituted  one  district,  called  "  Boston  District," 
of  which  Mr.  Lee  was  presiding  elder.  "  In  1796  it  was 
found  expedient  to  form  a  circuit,  near  the  mouth  of  the 
Kennebec,  called  Bath  Circuit, .  .  .  extending  as  far  east 
as  Union.  ...  At  this  time,  the  members  in  the  several 
societies  in  Maine  amounted  to  three  hundred  and 
fifty-seven,  having  among  them  six  preachers  regularly 

travelling At  the  annual  conference  in  1797,  it 

was  found  expedient  to  divide  Boston  District,  and  to 
constitute  the  several  circuits  in  Maine  into  one  dis- 

*  Mr.  John  Butler. 
19* 


218  ECCLESIASTICAL  HISTORY. 

trict."  ^  "  February,  1804,  Union  Circuit,  or  a  part  of  it 
at  least,  formerly  belonged  to  what  was  called  Bath  and 
Union  Circuit.  But,  at  the  annual  conference  held  at 
Boston  [in  1803  ],  it  was  agreed,  as  the  work  of  reforma- 
tion had  been  great  in  different  parts  of  the  circuit,  and 
the  prospect  was  enlarged,  it  should  be  divided  into  two, 
of  which  Union  Circuit  is  one,  and  Bristol  the  other."  ^ 
In  1806,  Maine  was  divided  into  the  Portland  and  Ken- 
nebec Districts.  In  1816,  Union  and  Hampden  were 
united ;  but  were  divided  again  in  1819.  In  July,  1828, 
Union  became  a  station,  retaining  still  a  class  in  Liber- 
ty, and  another  partly  in  Hope  and  partly  in  Appleton. 

Organization  and  Places  of  Worship.  —  The 
Methodist  Society  in  Union  was  organized  by  Aaron 
Humphrey,  in  the  house  of  Jason  Ware,  in  1797.  The 
first  preaching  in  the  Old  Meeting-house  was  by  a 
Methodist.  Methodist  meetings  for  a  considerable 
time  were  held  there  on  the  Lord's  Days.  Money  was 
raised  in  town-meeting  to  support  the  preaching. 
When  a  strong  movement  was  made  to  settle  a  Con- 
gregational minister,  the  Methodists  withdrew,  and 
held  meetings  at  the  dwelling-houses  of  Jason  Ware 
and  Matthias  Hawes,  till  the  Round  Pond  School- 
house  was  built ;  after  which  they  assembled  there. 

The  Meeting-house  was  built  by  subscription  about 
1810.  At  first  the  seats  were  loose.  The  sexes  sat  on 
different  sides  of  the  broad  aisle.  Wall-pews  ^  were 
built,  probably  in  1811 ;  the  seats  being  still  continued 
in  the  part  designed  for  the  body-pews.  Subsequently, 
pews  were  substituted  for  the  seats ;  and,  at  a  later 
period,  pews  were  built  in  the  gallery.      March  18, 

^  Greenleaf's  Sketches,  p.  281.       ^  Methodist  Church  Records. 

^  The  following  note  shows  how  one  pew  at  least  was  to  be  paid 
for :  "  I,  the  subscriber,  do  promise  to  pay  Matthias  Hawes,  Jason 
Ware,  Cornelius  Irish,  and  Nathan  D.  Rice,  trustees  for  building  a 
Methodist  Meeting-house  in  Union,  twenty-three  dollars  ;  it  being  for 
pew  No.  27,  in  the  proposed  house,  and  which  is  to  be  paid  as  follows, 
viz. :  Three  quarters  of  said  sura  to  be  paid  in  corn,  grain,  neat-stock, 
merchantable  lumber,  materials  for  building  said  house,  or  any  pay 
that  will  suit  a  carpenter  which  may  be  employed  in  building  said 
house,  on  demand ;  and  one  quarter  in  cash  in  four  months  from  this 
date.  —  Witness  my  hand,  this  8th  day  of  March,  1809.    Edwd.  Jones." 


METHODIST   SOCIETY.  219 

1830,  the  society  was  incorporated  by  the  name  of 
"  The  First  Methodist  Episcopal  Society  in  Union." 

Camp-meetings.  —  The  first  camp-meeting  began 
June  29,  1826.  It  was  on  the  hill  in  the  woods,  west 
by  south  of  Round  Pond.  The  only  other  camp- 
meeting  was  held  June  28, 1827,  west  of  the  Methodist 
Meeting-house,  on  the  knoll  where  now  stands  the 
house  of  Moses  Luce. 

Parsonage.  —  Aug.  30,  1834,  a  committee  was 
chosen  to  raise  subscriptions  for  a  parsonage,  for  mak- 
ing a  contract,  &c.  A  building  was  erected  a  few 
rods  west  of  the  meeting-house.  It  is  leased  to  the 
preacher  for  the  time  being. 

Preachers.  —  There  never  has  been  any  ordained  lo- 
cal preacher  in  Union,  except  the  Rev.  Cornelius  Irish. 

The  following  list  of  all  the  ministers  who  have  been 
stationed  at  Union,  from  the  time  of  the  organization 
of  the  church,  has  been  furnished  by  Mr.  Madison 
Hawes,  now  of  California :  — 

1798.  Robert  Yellalee,  Aaron  Humphrey. 

1799.  John  Finnegan,  Comfort  C.  Smith. 

1800.  Timothy  Merritt,  Reuben  Hubbard. 

1801.  Timothy  Merritt,  Comfort  C.  Smith. 

1802.  Joseph  Baker,  Daniel  Ricker. 

1803.  Daniel  Ricker.  —  1804.    David  Stimson. 

1805.  Samuel  Hillman,  Pliny  Brett. 

1806.  Samuel  Hillman,  Jonas  Weston. 

1807.  Samuel  Baker.  —  1808.    John  Williamson. 

1809.  John  Williamson,  Benjamin  Jones. 

1810.  David  Stimson,  George  Gary. 

1811.  Nathan  B.  Ashcr aft.  —  1812.    Amasa  Taylor. 
1813.  JohnJewett.  — 1814.  Jona.  Cheney,  Joseph  B.White. 

1815.  Benjamin  Jones. 

1816.  Benjamin  Jones,  Daniel  Wentworth. 

1817.  William  McGray,  Jeremiah  Marsh. 
1818-19.    Henry  True.  — 1820.    John  Briggs. 

1821.  John  Lewis. 

1822.  John  Lewis,  Nathaniel  Devereux. 

1823-24.    Sullivan  Bray.  —  1825-26.    David  Stimson. 

1827.  Ezra  Kellogg,  John  Lewis. 

1828.  Ezra  Kellogg.  — 1829.    Gorham  Greeley. 


220  ECCLESIASTICAL   HISTORY. 

1830.    Ezra  Kellogg.  —  1831.    Cyrus  Warren. 
1832.    Peter  Burgess. —  1833.    Benjamin  Jones. 
1834.    Charles  L.  Browning.  —  1835.    Joshua  Higgins. 
1836-37.    Daniel  Cox.  —  1838-39.    Moses  P.  Webster. 
1840-41.    Rushworth  J.  Ayer. 
1842-43.    Paschal  P.  Morrill. 

1844-45.    Mark  R.  Hopkins.  —  1846.    James  Thwing. 
1847.    H.  K.  W.  Perkins.  —  1848-49.    Benjamin  Bryant. 
1850.    M.  Mitchell. 

BAPTIST  SOCIETIES. 

The  early  Baptists,  as  well  as  the  Methodists,  have 
already  been  alluded  to.  But  little  remains  to  be 
added,  except  what  is  contained  in  the  few  items 
which  follow.  In  1801,  a  church  was  organized  by 
Elders  Snow,  Hall,  and  Fuller.  It  was  called  the 
Second  Baptist  Church  in  Hope.  The  members  lived 
in  that  town  and  in  the  east  part  of  Union.  Their 
meeting-house,  which  was  very  small,  was  in  Hope. 
They  had  no  pastor,  but  were  occasionally  supplied 
with  preaching  by  the  neighboring  ministers.  In  this 
condition  they  continued  till  the  year  1808,  when  "  a 
revival  of  religion  took  place  in  this  town  and  the 
towns  adjoining;  and  the  church  was  revived,  and  a 
number  joined,  under  the  administration  of  Elder  An- 
drew Fuller."  ^  Daniel  Pearson  preached  in  1809.  "  In 
July,  1809,  the  brethren  in  the  town  of  Union  and  the 
Second  Church  in  Hope  met,  and  agreed  to  unite 
together,  and  alter  the  name,  and  call  it  Union  Church. 
At  this  time.  Elder  James  Steward  was  with  us  once 
a  month,  until  1813.  .  .  .  We  had  no  regular  preaching 
until  1815,  when  Elder  S.  A.  Flagg  preached  once  a 
month  for  upwards  of  a  year."  In  January,  1816,  a  new 
interest  was  awakened.  "  Elder  Lemuel  Rich  came 
amongst  us,  and  preached  the  word  with  good  success, 
so  that  about  forty-seven  were  added  to  the  church 
this  year,  which  more  than  doubled  our  number.  .  ,  . 
In  1818,  our  church  was  well  united ;  and,  our  places 
of  worship  [being]  insufficient  to  commode  the  people, 

*  The  extracts  are  from  manuscript-notices  by  one  of  the  church. 


BAPTIST    SOCIETIES.  221 

it  was  thought  best  to  build  a  meeting-house.  This 
was  accomplished  in  1819."^  It  was  erected  near 
Lermond's  Mills.  In  1820,  the  church  numbered 
eighty-five  members.  Serious  difficulties  soon  fol- 
lowed, and  these  continued  for  a  long  time.  In  Au- 
gust, 1821,  Elder  Rich  left  the  society;  having  preached 
"  almost  five  years,  one  quarter  of  the  time."  In  1821, 
Elder  Abiathar  Richardson  and  others  preached. 
In  1822,  Elder  Rich  returned.  In  "  1824,  the  church 
had  some  of  the  most  singular  trials  with  some  of  our 
most  esteemed  members,  which  racked  the  church 
from  centre  to  circumference.^  ...  In  1826,  the  con- 
nection between  the  church  and  Elder  Rich,  as  pastor, 
was  dissolved ;  [he]  having  preached  about  four  years 
longer,  one  quarter  of  the  time."  In  1826,  the  church 
consisted  of  fifty-three  members ;  sixteen  of  them  be- 
longing to  Hope,  and  a  few  to  other  towns.  "  In  a  few 
months,  obtained  Elder  A.  Richardson  to  labor  with 
us  one  fourth  of  the  time.  About  five  years,  the  church, 
generally,  travelled  comfortably  along  the  most  of  the 
time.  March  3,  1830,  set  apart  Brother  Simon  Fuller, 
by  ordination,  to  the  work  of  an  evangelist."  In  the 
winter  of  1833,  the  church  was  so  small  and  the  mem- 
bers so  scattered,  that  there  were  no  meetings.  In  the 
spring,  Elder  S.  Fuller  moved  into  town,  and  began  to 
preach.  The  attendance  was  small;  "but  a  general 
union  prevailed  amongst  them,  and  quite  happy  sea- 
sons were  enjoyed.  ...  A  sabbath-school  was  set  up, 
and  continued  two  summers ;  but  there  was  so  little 
interest  felt  upon  the  subject,  and  so  much  opposition 
and  bigotry,  that  it  could  not  be  sustained.  .  .  .  April, 

^  Probably  an  error  for  1818. 

^  In  the  Congregational  and  Methodist  Churches,  as  well  as  the 
Baptist,  there  were  several  cases  of  church-discipline.  On  inquiring 
into  them,  it  was  found  that  a  transcript  of  the  records  would  give 
accounts  so  brief  that  it  would  be  unjust  to  the  persons  arraigned  to 
publish  them,  without  going  into  details  impossible,  in  many  of  the 
cases,  to  be  obtained.  In  the  Congregational  Church  there  was  one  ex- 
communication for  Universalism.  In  some  cases,  the  parties  arraigned, 
if  their  own  statements  had  been  recorded,  would  be  considered  by 
many  persons  as  "  more  sinned  against  than  sinning  ;  "  though  there 
were  other  cases  where,  if  ever,  church-discipline  was  justifiable. 


222  ECCLESIASTICAL   HISTORY. 

1837,  a  Quarterly  Meeting  of  the  easterly  part  of  the 
Lincoln  Association  was  held  with  the  church,  and 
protracted  a  few  days,  which  proved  a  blessing."  Elder 
Samuel  Baker  was*  here  this  year.  "  In  May,  1838, 
Elder  Rich  again  administered  to  the  church  two 
years,  a  quarter  of  the  time."  September,  1840,  Elder 
Nathaniel  Copeland  commenced  preaching  half  the  time 
for  one  year.  About  December,  1842,  "  Elder  Amariah 
Kelloch  was  here  occasionally  for  a  short  time ;  then 
we  had  no  other  preaching  till  1835,  when  Elder  Rich 
began  another  term  of  service,  preaching  one  fourth  of 
the  time  for  two  years."  After  this  there  was  "  no 
regular  preaching." 

The  Central  Baptist  Church  was  organized  Feb.  28, 
1844.  For  some  time,  meetings  were  held  on  alternate 
Sundays,  in  the  hall  of  the  tavern.  Subsequently  the 
worship  has  been  in  the  town-house.  There  have  been 
different  preachers,  and  the  meetings  have  generally 
been  held  once  a  fortnight. 


CHAPTER    XXIV. 

ECCLESIASTICAL  HISTORY.  —  UNIVERSALISTS. 

First  Universalist  Preaching.  —  Organization.  —  Maine  Association.  — 
John  Bovee  Dods.  —  Constitution.  —  Preachers.  —  Meeting-house. 
—  Bell. 

First  Preaching.  —  The  first  sermon  by  an  Univer- 
salist was  preached,  probably,  at  a  third  service  on  the 
Lord's  Day,  about  the  year  1814  or  1815,  at  the  house 
of  George  W.  West,  on  the  place  since  owned  by 
Calvin  Gleason,  Esq.,  about  two  miles  north-west  of 
the  Common.  There  are  no  records  respecting  the 
early  movements  of  the  denomination,  and  conse- 
quently no  satisfactory  account  of  them  can  be  given. 
It  was  several  years  before  a  second  sermon  was  deliv- 


UNIVERSALIST   SOCIETY. 


223 


ered.     About  the  year  1820,  perhaps  a  little  later,  there 
was  preaching  occasionally. 

Organization.  —  April  11, 1825,  the  following  state- 
ment was  addressed  — 

"  To  the  Clerk  of  the  First  Congregational  Society  in  the 
town  of  Union. 
"  The  following  is  a  list  of  persons  who  have  organized 
themselves  into  a  religious  society  by  themselves,  and  wish 
to  withdraw  themselves  from  said  First  Congregational  So- 
ciety :  — 


Nathaniel  Bachelor 
Herman  Hawes 
Samuel  Stone 
David  Robbins,  jun. 
Amariah  Mero 
Henry  Fossett 
Henry  Blunt 
Ebenezer  Cobb 
John  Drake 
Walter  Adams 
Elisha  Harding 
Jesse  Drake 
Abiel  Gay 
Lewis  Bachelder 
Olney  Titus 
Fisher  Hart 
Richard  Gay 


Elijah  Gay 
Nathan  Hills 
John  Lermond 
John  Bachelder 
Reuben  Hills,  jun. 
Nathaniel  Tobey 
David  Bullen 
Phillips  C.  Harding 
Joseph  Gleason 
Nathan  Bachelder 
George  Cummings 
John  Fogler 
Ward  Maxcy 
Nathaniel  Bachelder, 
Charles  Hichborn 
David  Cumminors." 


jun. 


Maine  Association.  —  A  letter,  dated  July  1,  1826, 
says :  "  On  Wednesday  and  Thursday  of  the  present 
week,  we  had  the  Universalis ts'  Association  for  the 
State  of  Maine  at  our  central  meeting-house  in  Uni- 
on ;  —  seven  ministers  and  as  many  delegates  ;  a  large 
concourse  of  people  from  different  parts  of  the  State ; 
many  ladies,  who  made  a  good  appearance ;  excellent 
music;  lectures  more  popular  than  any  which  have 
ever  been  delivered  aforetime  in  this  town.  I  did  not 
see  at  meeting  one  Methodist  or  one  Calvinist." 

Another  letter,  dated  June  21,  1829,  says :  "  Yester- 
day, about  5  o'clock,  p.m.,  all  connection  between 
J.  B.  Dods,  alias  J.  D.  Bovee,  and  the  Universalist 
Society  here,  was  dissolved  by  mutual  consent.    Bovee 


224  ECCLESIASTICAL  HISTORY. 

asked  a  dismission,  and  his  society  readily  granted 
his  request.  We  have  had  a  remarkable  excitement 
in  Union  and  Thomaston  for  about  ten  or  fifteen 
days,"^  &c. 

Constitution.  —  Sept.  9,  1840,  the  society  was  re- 
organized. Rev.  Albion  S.  Dudley,  Elisha  Harding, 
and  Nelson  Cutler,  were  chosen  a  committee  to  draft 
a  constitution ;  and  Oct.  3,  after  some  modifications, 
the  following,  drawn  up  by  the  chairman,  was  adopt- 
ed:— 

"  Whereas  it  is  the  duty  of  every  rational  creature  to  pay 
his  homage  to  the  Supreme  Creator  and  Governor  of  the 
universe ;  and  whereas  we  are  permitted  in  this  land  the  un- 
restricted liberty  of  conscience  and  right  of  private  judgment 
in  matters  of  faith  and  duty,  and  are  allowed  to  worship 
God  in  whatever  manner  it  may  seem  good  to  ourselves, — we, 
the  undersigned,  believing  in  the  existence  of  one  living  and 
true  God,  whose  nature  is  love  and  whose  perfections  are 
infinite,  and  confiding  in  his  gracious  purpose,  as  revealed  to 
us  in  the  gospel  of  his  Son  and  the  Scriptures  of  truth,  to  be- 
stow upon  all  his  intelligent  offspring  a  glorious  and  blessed 
immortality  ;  and  further  believing  that  it  is  at  once  the 
duty  and  interest  of  all  men  to  be  careful  to  maintain  good 
works,  for  these  things  are  good  and  profitable  unto  men, 
—  do  hereby,  for  the  better  security  of  these  objects,  unite 
ourselves  in  an  associate  capacity,  and  agree  to  be  governed 
by  the  following  constitution  : 

"1.  This  society  shall  be  called  the  First  Universalist 
Society  in  Union. 

"2.  The  officers  of  this  society  shall  consist  of  a  clerk ;  a 
prudential  committee,  who  shall  manage  the  affairs  of  the 
society ;  a  treasurer,  who  shall  collect  all  subscriptions  and 
pay  them  out  at  the  order  of  the  prudential  committee. 

"3.  This  society  shall  hold  their  annual  meeting  on  the 
third  Monday  in  November,  at  such  place  as  the  standing 
committee  may  direct ;  at  which  meeting  the  officers  of  the 

^  There  was  great  excitement  during  nearly  the  -whole  time  of  Mr. 
Dods's  residence  in  Union.  Very  grave  charges  against  him  were 
jDublished  in  the  Bangor  Ilcgister,  March  23,  1820.  These  were  re- 
printed, together  with  his  reply,  in  the  Thomaston  Register,  Jan.  9, 
1827.  Mr.  Dods  was  subsequently  at  Taunton  and  at  Trovincetown, 
Mass.  Afterward  he  was  in  various  parts  of  the  country,  lecturing  on 
animal  magnetism. 


UNIVERSALIST  SOCIETY. 


225 


society  shall  be  elected,  and  such  other  business  shall  be 
transacted  as  shall  appear  for  the  good  of  said  society. 

"  4.  It  shall  be  the  duty  of  each  member  to  contribute  for 
the  support  of  the  ministry  liberally  as  he  can,  without  in- 
jury to  himself  and  family. 

*'  5.  Any  person  may  become  a  member  of  this  society  by 
signing  the  constitution. 

"6.  Any  member  may  withdraw  from  this  society  by 
leaving  a  written  notice  of  his  intentions  with  the  clerk  of 
the  society. 

"7.  No  member  shall  be  expelled  from  this  society,  except 
by  a  vote  of  two-thirds  of  its  members,  and  not  then  unless 
the  reasons  of  such  expulsion  are  given  in  a  public  manner 
to  the  society. 

"8.  Ten  members  shall  constitute  a  quorum  for  the  trans- 
action of  business;  but  a  less  number  may  adjourn. 

"9.  This  society  is  hereby  declared  independent  of  all 
other  ecclesiastical  associations,  and  will  acknowledge  no 
allegiance  to  any  other  power  save  the  express  will  of  a  ma- 
jority of  its  own  members,  in  accordance  with  its  own  con- 
stitution and  the  laws  of  the  land. 

"10.  This  constitution  may  be  altered  or  amended  at 
any  time,  by  a  vote  of  the  majority  of  the  members  present 
at  any  regular  meeting,  provided  the  amendment  proposed 
is  submitted  in  writing  at  a  previous  meeting  and  secured 
with  its  ministers. 


"  Obadiah  Harris 
Charles  Miller 
Christopher  Young 
Nathaniel  Bachelor 
Lyman  Alden 
Noah  S.  Eice 
Cyrus  G.  Bachelder 
Nelson  Cutler 
John  P.  Bobbins 
George  Cummings 
Fisher  Hart 
William  Gleason 
Stephen  S.  Hawes 
Elisha  Harding 
Samuel  Hills 
John  S.  Bean 
Milton  Daniels 
20 


Asa  Messer 
Edward  Alden 
Jesse  W.  Payson 
Gavinus  Henderson 
Rufus  Gillmor 
Lewis  Bachelder 
Ebenezer  Cobb 
Nathan  Hills 
John  Payson 
Wm.  G.  Hawes 
Nathan  Bachelder 
James  Rice 
George  W.  Morse 
Spencer  Mero 
Willard  Bobbins 
A.  S.  Dudley." 


226 


ECCLESIASTICAL   HISTORY. 


Preachers.  —  Nov.  4,  1841,  Rev.  Mr.  Dudley,  who 
probably  came  here  in  the  preceding  spring,  tendered  his 
resignation ;  and  it  was  resolved  that "  the  connection, 
as  pastor,  between  himself  and  the  First  Universalist 
Society,  be  amicably  dissolved."  He  is  now  a  phy- 
sician and  dentist  in  Boston.  Mr.  Whittier  was  the 
preacher  in  1842.  In  1843,^  the  preacher  was  F.  W. 
Baxter.2 

The  Meeting-house,  containing  sixty-two  pews,  and 
situated  a  little  back  of  the  first  meeting-house  built  in 
town,  was  erected  in  1839,  and  dedicated  on  Christ- 
mas Day. 

The  Bell,  weighing  twelve  hundred  and  thirty-nine 
pounds,  was  cast  by  Holbrook,  of  Boston;  bought 
Oct.  22,  1839,  and  hung  the  day  before  Thanksgiving. 
It  cost  $322.14 ;  and  the  wheel  and  yoke,  $25.  It  was 
paid  for  by  subscription,  as  follows  :  — 


Nelson  Cutler     .     .     . 

$15 

Spencer  Walcott     . 

$5 

C.  G.  Bachelder      .     . 

15 

George  Cummings  . 

10 

Jason  Robbins    .     .     . 

15 

Leonard  Barnard     . 

5 

Nathan  Bachelder  .     . 

15 

Joshua  Morse 

10 

John  Pay  son      .     .     . 

15 

Samuel  Hills      .     . 

5 

John  Burns    .... 

10 

James  W.  Brown    . 

2 

Ebenezer  Cobb  .     .     . 

10 

William  Libbey  .   . 

3 

Willard  Robbins     .     . 

10 

William  G.  Hawes 

5 

Nathaniel  Robbins,  jun 

.      5 

William  Gleason     . 

5 

James  Littlehale,  jun.  . 

6 

Ebenezer  Alden 

15 

Jesse  Robbins,  jun. 

2 

Augustus  Alden 

5 

Rufus  Gillmor    . 

10 

Nathaniel  Bachelor 

25 

Nathaniel  K.  Burkett  . 

2 

Nathaniel  Robbins  . 

20 

'  Dec.  4,  1843,  "voted  that  the  Congregational  Society  in  Union 
be  allowed  to  have  the  use  of  the  bell,  when  not  occupied  by  the 
Universalist  Society,  provided  they  employ  the  same  man  to  ring  that 
is  employed  by  said  Universalist  Society,  and  paying  him  for  the 
same. 

**  N.B.  The  time  of  ringing  to  be  arranged  by  the  committees  of  the 
two  societies,  and  notice  given  from  the  pulpit." 

^  During  his  ministry,  the  lamps  in  the  Universalist  Meeting-house 
were  procured  for  $20.50,  by  subscriptions  in  sums  of  one  dollar  and  of 
fifty  cents  each,  with  the  addition  of  five  dollars,  given  by  the  Female 
Sewing  Circle,  making  the  total  amount  raised  $25. 


SIGNS  AND    OMENS. 


227 


Fisher  Hart  .     .     .     . 

$15 

Jason  Davis  .     . 

.     $2 

Levi  Morse    . 

10 

Reuben  Hagar    . 

.     .       2 

Lewis  Bachelder 

15 

Philo  Thurston  . 

.       2 

Spencer  Mero     .     . 

15 

John  P.  Robbins 

5 

John  Bachelder  . 

15 

Jesse  Robbins,  jun. 

.       2 

Elisha  Harding  .     * 

15 

James  Grinnell  . 

.       2 

James  Rice    . 

10 

Charles  Fogler   . 

.     .       2 

Thurston  Whiting  . 

2 

Joseph  Gleason . 

.       2 

Jonathan  Eastman  . 

10 

Reuben  E.  Lyon 

.       5 

P.  C.  Harding    .     . 

.     10 

Marlboro'  Packard, 

jun.     5 

John  Lermond,  jun. 

5 

Zuinglius  Collins 

.     .       5 

Lyman  Alden     .     . 

.       5 

D.  F.  Harding   . 

.     .       5 

John  M.  Thorndike 

5 

John  W.  Lindley 

.     .       2 

Stephen  S.  Hawes  . 

5 

CHAPTER   XXV. 


DELUSIONS  AND  SUPERSTITIONS. 


Signs  and  Omens.  —  Witchcraft.  —  Bewitched  Horse. 

SIGNS  AND  OMENS. 

Not  entirely  unconnected  with  ecclesiastical  history  is 
that  of  popular  delusions  and  superstitions.  Many 
persons  recollect  the  time  when  the  breaking  of  a 
looking-glass  was  regarded  as  premonitory  of  a  death 
in  the  family.  If  a  cock  crowed  at  the  door,  a  stranger 
would  come.  "  It  was  a  bad  sign "  for  a  person  to 
pick  up  a  pin,  if  he  found  it  with  the  point  toward 
him.  The  acceptance  of  a  knife,  scissors,  or  other 
sharp  instrument  as  a  present,  w^ould  certainly  lead  to 
a  cutting  of  friendship  between  the  receiver  and  the 
giver.  A  ringing  in  the  left  ear  indicated  slander 
from  some  one  in  that  direction.  Good  news  would 
follow  a  ringing  in  the  right  ear.  If  accidentally  the 
new  moon  was  first  seen  over  the  left  shoulder,  it  was 
ominous  of  evil;  but  the  reverse  if  it  was  over  the 
right  shoulder.    When  a  corpse  lay  unburied  over  Sun- 


228  DELUSIONS   AND   SUPERSTITIONS. 

day,  there  would  certainly  be  another  death  in  town 
before  the  end  of  the  week.  These  and  similar  super- 
stitions were  considerably  prevalent  in  the  country  at 
the  beginning  of  this  century ;  and  there  were  some 
persons  who,  in  their  credulity  or  for  mischief,  took 
delight  in  inculcating  them.  Even  now,  kindred  fol- 
lies are  perpetuated  by  the  advocates  of  "  clairvoy- 
ance "  and  "  spiritual  rappings." 

WITCHCRAFT. 

At  the  time  of  the  persecutions  in  Salem  in  1692, 
there  were  but  few  persons,  either  in  Europe  or  Ame- 
rica, who  did  not  believe  in  witchcraft.  Though  the 
community  in  general  is  now  too  enlightened  for  such 
an  absurdity,  there  may  yet  be  a  few  individuals  cher- 
ishing, amid  many  misgivings,  the  follies  with  which 
their  minds  were  imbued  in  childhood.  Some  men 
and  women  have  not  forgotten  the  dreadful  stories 
which  the  large  school-girls,  during  the  intermissions, 
mischievously  repeated  to  the  small  children,  till  their 
eyes  opened  wide  and  cheeks  turned  pale.  The  super- 
stition, however,  never  gained  much  credence  among 
adults  in  this  town ;  though  there  was  one  case  which 
attracted  considerable  attention. 

About  the  year  1813,  a  horse  belonging  to  Henry 
Esensa  was  parted  with  to  Samuel  Daggett.  IVIrs.  Es- 
ensa,  who  unfortunately  had  the  reputation  among  a 
few  ignorant  .people  of  being  a  witch,  was  dissatisfied 
with  the  trade.  When  the  horse  was  taken  away,  she 
remarked  that  it  had  "  always  been  a  plague,  and 
would  never  do  the  Daggetts  any  good."  It  was  not 
not  long  before  the  horse  was  mysteriously  untied  in 
the  stable.  No  vigilance  could  prevent  it.  John  To- 
bey,  an  upright  sea-captain,  familiar  with  every  kind 
of  knot  used  on,  shipboard,  warmed  a  new  rope, 
"  made  a  horse-knot,  and  put  it  round  the  horse's  neck 
in  proper  style."  He  went  to  the  barn,  bored  several 
holes  through  the  planks,  took  half  a  dozen  over-hand 
knots,  and  then  carried  the  rope  up  to  a  brace  and 
made  it  well  fast,  sailor-fashion,  with  two  or  three 
round-turns,  and  two  or  three  half-hitches.     After  re- 


WITCHCEAFT.  229 

maining  a  short  time  at  the  house,  he  started  to  go 
home ;  and,  on  stopping  at  the  barn  to  see  if  all  was 
right,  he  discovered  that  the  horse  and  rope  were  gone. 
A  light  having  been  procured,  the  horse  was  found  in  a 
remote  part  of  the  barn,  with  the  rope  coiled  securely 
around  him.  At  another  time,  the  horse  was  on  the 
haymow,  and  the  rope  was  stuck  so  far  into  the  hay 
that  it  required  two  or  three  men  to  pull  it  out.  At 
another  time,  the  waxed  ends,  which  were  used  about 
the  seizings,  were  found  lying  uncut  where  the  ani- 
mal had  been  standing. 

These  circumstances  could  not  be  accounted  for. 
The  horse  was  tied,  and  the  barn-doors  nailed.  Snow 
was  sifted  round  so  as  to  show  tracks,  if  any  person 
came.  But  the  horse  was  nevertheless  untied,  and 
crawled  out  under  the  sill  of  the  barn,  leaving  the 
marks  of  his  shoes,  where  it  was  considered  impossible 
for  the  animal  to  get  through.  If  any  person  was  pre- 
sent, the  witches  would  not  do  any  thing.  Accord- 
ingly, after  the  horse  was  fastened,  all  the  company 
would  retire  to  the  house,  where  Mr.  Daggett  would 
entertain  them  for  an  hour  or  so  with  the  revolution- 
ary and  sailors'  songs  and  stories.  Then,  going  to 
the  barn,  they  would  find  the  horse  untied.  A  great 
number  of  feats  was  performed.  The  community  was 
excited.  People  thronged  from  all  parts  of  the  town. 
Even  from  Searsmont,  persons  came  to  see  the  be- 
witched horse.  On  some  nights,  fifty  or  one  hundred 
and  fifty,  prompted  by  a  variety  of  motives,  were  in 
attendance.  Finally,  to  put  an  end  to  the  witchcraft, 
the  tips  of  the  horse's  ears  were  cut  off,  and  to  the 
bleeding  ends  was  applied  a  red-hot  shovel.  This  act 
drove  off  the  witches.  But  Samuel  Daggett  told  Cap- 
tain Tobey  that  he  broke  the  end  of  his  awl  in  fixing 
the  seizings  to  the  rope  to  prevent  it  from  ravelling, 
and  left  the  point  in  the  rope,  and  that  afterward  there 
was  no  more  trouble.  Shrewd  people  have  latterly 
"guessed"  that  the  Daggetts,  and  possibly  one  of 
Captain  Tobey's  sons,  knew  more  about  the  matter 
than  they  ever  had  credit  for. 

20* 


230  POLITICAL   HISTORY. 

CHAPTEE   XXVI. 

POLITICAL  HISTORY. 

Voting.  —  Separation  of  Maine  from  Massachusetts.  —  Harmony  and 
Diversity  of  Sentiment.  —  Embargo.  —  Petition  to  the  President 
of  the  United  States.  —  Reply.  —  Remonstrance.  —  Petition  to  the 
Legislature  of  Massachusetts.  —  Celebration,  July  4,  1810.  —  Cele- 
bration in  1814.  —  Ode  and  Hymn. 

VOTING. 
The  votes  of  a  town  are  not  always  an  index  of  its 
political  sentiments.     Elections  in  Union,  as  well  as 
as    in    other   towns,  have   been    affected   by   tempe- 
rance,^  sectarianism,    private    animosities,    sectional 

^  The  subject  of  temperance  has  at  times  excited  much  interest. 
The  First  Temperance  Society,  like  all  contemporary  societies,  did  not 
exclude  the  use  of  wine.  This  was  excluded  in  the  Second  Tempe- 
rance Society,  formed  Nov.  24,  1835.  At  the  town-meeting,  April  5, 
1830,  it  was  voted  to  pass  over  an  article  "  to  see  if  the  town  will 
authorize  the  selectmen  to  grant  licenses  for  mixing  liquors."  The 
subject  was  again  brought  forward  Sept.  13,  and  it  was  distinctly 
"  voted  not  to  have  licenses  granted  to  sell  mixed  liquors."  April  2, 
1832,  "  voted  that  the  selectmen  be  authorized  to  grant  licenses  to 
retailers  to  sell  mixed  liquors  in  their  stores  or  shops."  April  1,  1833, 
it  was  voted  to  drop  the  article  on  the  subject.  "  Sept.  24,  1836, 
agreeable  to  notice,  the  selectmen,  treasurer,  and  town-clerk  met,  and 
licensed  Ebenezer  Cobb,  as  an  innholder,  to  sell  strong  liquors.  Li- 
censed Nelson  Cutler  as  a  retailer."  April  17,  1843,  it  was  voted  to 
drop  the  article  on  licensing.  Members  of  the  Temperance  Society 
commenced  prosecutions.  April,  1844,  the  town  voted  not  to  refund 
the  amount  of  a  fine  imposed  on  Henry  Fossett,  jun.,  **at  the  last 
December  term  of  the  District  Court,  Middle  District,  on  complaint 
of  D.  F.  Harding."  An  unsuccessful  application  to  the  town  was 
made  in  April,  and  again  in  May,  1846,  •'  to  see  if  the  town  will  re- 
fund the  fifty  dollars  fine-money  paid  by  Nathan  Hills,  in  consequence 
of  retailing  ardent  spirits  without  license."  April  o,  1847,  the  select* 
men  were  instructed  "  to  sue  for  penalties  that  may  be  due  for  selling 
spirituous  liquors  without  license." 

The  first  person  ever  licensed  here  was  Philip  Robbins.  This  was 
within  one  or  two  years  after  he  came.  Before  temperance  societies 
were  popular,  almost  every  man  in  the  country  drank  ardent  spirits. 
Rum  was  considered  a  necessary  beverage.  Washington,  in  detailing  the 
distresses  of  his  army,  speaks  of  the  want  of  rum  much  as  he  does  of  the 
want  of  provisions.     Every  workman  thought  it  indispensable.    Sling 


SEPARATION    OF   MAINE.  231 

feelings.  Besides,  in  some  instances,  the  records  are 
not  so  explicit  as  they  ought  to  be.  Accordingly,  the 
results,  as  recorded  on  the  town-books,  are  sometimes 
to  be  taken  with  qualifications. 

SEPARATION  OF  MAINE  PROM  MASSACHUSETTS. 

One  of  the  subjects  early  brought  before  the  town 
was  the  separation  of  Maine  from  Massachusetts. 
May  7,  1792,  at  a  town-meeting  held  in  the  barn  of 
Moses  Hawes,  there  were  27  votes  to  2,  in  favor  of 
a  separation  according  to  a  resolve  of  the  General 
Court,  passed  Feb.  13  in  that  year.  Dec.  2,  1793,  the 
town  again  voted  in  favor  of  a  separation,  and  chose 
Samuel  Hills,  Edward  Jones,  and  Moses  Hawes,  a 
committee  "  to  w^ite  to  Hon.  Peleg  Wadsworth,  as 
chairman  of  a  committee  consisting  of  a  number  of 
gentlemen  from  various  parts  of  the  district,  on  the 
18th  of  October  last,  holden  at  the  court-house  in 
Portland."  April  6,  1795,  it  was  voted,  21  to  12,  "  to 
have  the  three  upper  counties  in  the  province  of  Maine 
set  off  for  a  separate  State."  May  10,  1797,  there 
were  26  yeas  and  12  nays  for  separation;  April  6, 
1807,  yeas  53,  nays  69 ;  May  20,  1816,  the  yeas  were 
41,  nays  61,  and  the  number  of  legal  voters  216. 
Sept.  2,  1816,  yeas  66,  nays  98 ;  at  which  time  Robert 
Foster,  having  83  votes,  was  chosen  a  delegate  to 
represent  the  town  in  a  convention  to  be  holden  at 
Brunswick,  Sept.  30 ;  John  Lermond  having  62  votes, 
and  Nathan  Blake,  1.  Aug.  26,  1819,  there  were  for 
separation,  19  ;  against  it,  84.  Sept.  20,  1819,  Robert 
Foster  was  chosen  delegate  to  the  convention,  to  form 

and  flip,  as  well  as  rum,  were  common  at  stoi'es  and  taverns.  Spirit,  in 
some  form,  as  well  as  wine,  was  provided  at  balls  and  parties.  Even 
funeral  solemnities  were  sometimes  disturbed  by  the  rappings  of  toddy- 
sticks.  There  have  been  cases,  though  none  are  recollected  in  Union, 
in  which  the  tumblers  and  the  decanter  stood  on  the  coffin,  and  that, 
too,  in  worthy  families.  The  present  generation  has  no  conception  of 
the  extent  of  drinking  throughout  the  country  at  the  close  of  the 
revolutionary  war,  and  afterward.  The  practice  of  "  treating,"  when 
friends  meet,  has  died  away ;  and  the  false  notions  of  former  days 
have  of  late  been  giving  place  to  a  sense  of  duty,  of  humanity,  and  of 
happiness. 


232  POLITICAL   HISTORY. 

a  State  Constitution.  Dec.  6, 1819,  of  53  votes,  49  were 
in  favor  of  the  constitution  formed  in  convention  at 
Portland,  Oct.  29,  1819.  Since  that  time,  Maine  has 
been  an  independent  State. 

HARMONY  AND   DIVERSITY  OF   SENTIMENT. 

According  to  the  records,  the  vote  for  Governor  and 
Lieutenant-Governor,  as  recently  as  1797,  1798,  and 

1799,  was  unanimous.     After  the  extraordinary  vote  of 

1800,  in  which  the  two  candidates  are  voted  for,  both 
for  Governor  and  Lieutenant-Governor,  there  was  a 
change.  In  1801,  there  was  one  dissentient  vote  ;  in 
1802  and  1803,  there  were  two.  It  is  not  improbable 
that  great  electioneering  efforts  were  made  in  the  fol- 
lowing years,  by  persons  who  moved  into  town.  The 
harmony  which  had  existed  was  disturbed ;  and  violent 
political  feelings  were  shortly  aroused. 

EMBARGO. 

After  the  embargo  was  laid,  an  article  was  intro- 
duced into  the  warrant  for  the  town-meeting,  Sept.  17, 
1808,  "  to  see  if  it  be  the  mind  of  the  town  to  petition 
the  President  to  have  the  embargo  taken  off",  or  act  or 
do  any  thing  relative  thereto."  The  vote  passed  in 
the  affirmative.  "  Samuel  Hills,  Edmund  Mallard, 
William  Pope,  Esquire  [Nathaniel]  Robbins,  and  Capt. 
[Peter]  Adams,  were  chosen"  the  committee,  and  in- 
structed to  "  withdraw  and  report  as  soon  as  possible." 
The  town  voted  "  to  accept  the  .  .  .  petition,  with  such 
alterations  as  the  committee  think  proper  to  make 
with  regard  to  punctuation  and  speffing  only;"  and 
that  the  committee  should  send  it  to  the  President. 
The  document,  however,  is  not  to  be  found.  Presi- 
dent Jefferson  replied  in  a  printed  circular  dated  Oct.  8, 
1808,  superscribed  to  "  Nathaniel  Robbins,  Esq." 

It  is  said  that  the  government-party  thought  the 
other  party  took  advantage  of  them,  and  had  the  peti- 
tion brought  forward  and  accepted  when  there  were 
but  few  persons  present.  They  made  an  application 
to  the  other  party  for  a  copy  of  the  petition.     It  was 


EMBARGO.  283 

unsuccessful.  They  then  issued  a  remonstrance  which 
was  signed  by  all  the  party,  and  forwarded  to  the  Pre- 
sident. The  other  party,  confident  of  their  strength, 
brought  forward  the  subject  again ;  and  the  following 
extracts,  penned  by  William  White,  are  from  the  town- 
records  :  — 

PETITION    TO    THE    LEGISLATUllE    OF    MASSACHUSETTS. 

Feb.  6,  1809,  upon  an  article  "to  see  if  the  town  will 
petition  the  Legislature  of  this  State  to  use  their  influence 
in  any  constitutional  method  which  they  may  devise,  to 
effect  a  removal  of  the  embargo-laws,  or  act  or  do  any  thing 
relative  thereto.  .  .  .  Voted  that  a  committee  be  chosen  to 
draught  a  petition  to  the  Legislature  of  this  State.  .  .  .  Voted 
that  Charles  Pope,  Ebenezer  Alden,  Samuel  Hills,  Calvin 
Chase,  and  Esquire  Robbins,  be  this  committee.  .  .  .  Voted 
that  this  meeting  be  adjourned  to  Monday  next. 

"Feb.  13,  1809,  voted  to  petition  the  legislature  of  this 
State  to  intercede  for  us  in  a  constitutional  way  to  have 
repealed  the  embargo-laws.-  Voted  to  accept  the  following 
resolves :  — 

"  To  assemble  at  all  times  in  an  orderly  and  peaceable 
manner,  consult  upon  the  common  good,  and  request  of  the 
Legislature,  by  way  of  addresses,  petitions,  or  remonstrances, 
a  redress  of  the  wrongs  we  suffer,  is  a  right  guaranteed  by 
the  constitution  of  the  United  States  and  of  this  common- 
wealth ;  and  at  a  time  when  our  greatest  and  most  essential 
rights  are  attacked,  —  the  right  to  acquire,  protect,  and  enjoy 
property,  and  even  our  liberties  threatened  with  being  wrested 
from  us, — it  not  only  becomes  a  right,  but  a  duty  of  the  first 
importance,  to  watch  with  a  vigilant  eye  every  encroachment, 
and,  as  a  free  and  independent  people,  remonstrate  against 
every  innovation,  in  a  firm,  manly,  and  dignified  manner. 

"  Resolved,  as  the  sense  of  this  town,  that  we  view  the 
several  acts  of  Congress,  laying  an  embargo  and  prohibiting 
all  foreign  commerce  by  sea  and  land,  as  arbitrary,  oppres- 
sive, and  unconstitutional. 

"  Resolved  that  the  numerous  restrictions  and  embarrass- 
ments laid  upon  our  coasting-trade  are  calculated  to  reduce 
many  thousands  of  our  seafaring  brethren,  together  with  all 
those  whose  dependence  is  on  commerce,  to  a  state  of  abject 
penury  and  want. 


234  POLITICAL   HISTORY. 

"  Resolved  that  the  raising  a  standing  army  in  a  time  of 
peace,  and  subjecting  the  civil  power  to  the  military  control, 
is  alarming  to  our  apprehensions,  and  creates  a  trembling 
for  the  liberties  of  our  country. 

"  Resolved  that  the  power  given  to  the  collectors  and  their 
deputies  places  them  entirely  out  of  the  reach  of  the  law ;  af- 
fording them  a  strong  temptation  to  oppress,  and  deprive  the 
oppressed  of  the  right  of  a  trial  by  jury,  Avith  the  almost  cer- 
tain consequence  of  being  taxed  with  treble  cost,  without 
the  collectors'  being  obliged  to  prove  an  intent  to  evade  the 
law,  or  so  much  as  a  well-grounded  suspicion ;  and  the  au- 
thority given  them  to  array  the  naval  and  military  force  of 
the  United  States  against  the  peaceable  inhabitants  in  the 
prosecution  of  their  lawful  business,  is  a  stretch  of  power 
never  before  witnessed  in  the  annals  of  a  free,  independent 
people. 

"  Resolved  that  the  patriotic  though  ineffectual  struggle 
made  by  the  minority  in  Congress  to  save  the  country  from 
impending  ruin,  entitles  them  to  our  warmest  gratitude. 

"  That  a  respectful  address  be  transmitted  to  the  Legisla- 
ture of  this  State,  stating  our  grievances,  and  praying  that 
honorable  body  to  use  every  constitutional  measure  which 
they  in  their  wisdom  shall  deem  expedient  to  put  a  speedy 
termination  to  our  sufferings. 

*'  Voted  to  accept  the  following  petition  :  — 

"  To  the  Honorable  Senate  and  House  of  Representatives  of 
the  Commonwealth  of  Massachusetts. 

"We,  the  inhabitants  of  the  town  of  Union,  county  of  Lin- 
coln, beg  leave  humbly  to  represent,  that  we  have  long  en- 
dured the  evils  which  press  peculiarly  hard  on  this  portion  of 
the  Union,  resulting  from  the  strange  system  of  policy  pur- 
sued by  the  government  of  the  United  States  ;  and,  having 
petitioned  the  executive  of  that  government  without  deriving 
the  least  consolation,  but  on  the  contrary  the  burthens  hav- 
ing been  unmercifully  and  unconstitutionally  increased,  we 
now  turn  our  eyes  and  our  hopes  to  the  Legislature  of  this 
State.  We  look  to  you  as  our  fathers,  feeling  an  inward 
presentiment  that  when  we  ask  bread  you  will  not  give  us  a 
stone,  and  when  we  ask  a  fish  you  will  not  give  us  a  ser- 
pent. We  are  willing  to  eat  our  bread  in  the  sweat  of  our 
faces ;  but  we  are  not  willing  that  our  hard-earned  morsel 


EMBARGO.  235 

should  be  plucked  from  the  mouth  of  labor  by  idle  spies  or 
greedy  harpies. 

"  The  spot  we  inhabit  does  not  furnish  the  luxuries  nor 
all  the  conveniences  of  life.  Much  of  our  living  has  been 
drawn  from  the  proceeds  of  articles  exported  ;  and,  if  we  are 
not  suffered  to  barter  our  lumber  for  needful  supplies,  vast 
numbers  will  be  reduced  to  a  most  forlorn  and  wretched 
condition. 

"  Many  owe  in  part  for  lands,  or  are  indebted  for  the 
necessaries  of  life,  and  no  way  is  left  to  cancel  the  demands. 
A  dreary  prospect  opens  upon  the  eyes  of  the  debtor.  He 
knows  not  which  way  to  turn  himself.  His  former  sources 
are  dried  up.  Dejection  is  seated  on  his  brow;  we  see  no 
possible  method  of  procuring  a  sufficiency  of  money  even  to 
pay  our  taxes.  To  demand  them  from  us  now  would  be  like 
exacting  brick  without  straw.  We  cannot  compare  the  pre- 
sent with  the  past  without  a  sigh ;  for  we  experimentally  feel 
that  our  glory  is  departed.  We  turn  back  our  eyes  to  the 
golden  days  of  federal  administration,  and  lament  the  folly 
that  has  reduced  us  to  our  present  humiliating  condition. 

"  The  embargo-system  appears  void  of  all  form  and  come- 
liness, the  offspring  of  night  and  twin  of  chaos.  The  total 
occlusion  of  the  port  of  Boston,  effected  by  the  aid  and  ter- 
ror of  military  force,  is  a  wanton  stretch  of  poAver,  calculated 
not  only  to  injure  the  capital,  but  to  spread  additional  dis- 
tress among  the  inhabitants  of  the  district  of  Maine.  The 
constitution  of  the  United  States  plainly  shows  us,  that  the 
coasting  trade  within  the  State  is  not  under  the  care  of  Con- 
gress even  for  regulation.  This  trade  has  been  subject  to 
regulations  of  Congress,  only  because  no  inconvenience  re- 
sulted therefrom. 

"  But,  as  this  Legislature  must  know  our  circumstances 
best,  we  pray  you,  gentlemen,  to  take  this  remaining  branch 
of  trade  under  your  direction.  We  feel  the  honorable  Legis- 
lature of  this  State  will  not  philosophize  on  the  word  regu- 
late^ so  as  to  make  it  mean  annihilate. 

"We  pray  you  to  take  our  case  into  serious  consideration, 
and,  as  far  as  the  constitution  will  authorize,  do  that  for  us 
which  your  wisdom  and  patriotism  shall  direct.  We  are 
willing  to  submit  to  any  laws  founded  in  good  policy  and 
directed  to  the  good ;  but  we  esteem  the  constitution  of  the 
United  States  and  the  calls  of  nature  paramount  to  any  law 
of  Congress.     We  pledge  ourselves  to  support  such  mea- 


236  POLITICAL   HISTORY. 

sures  as  your  wisdom  shall  direct  for  our  relief.  If  we  are 
by  others  considered  the  most  worthless  part  of  the  com- 
munity, and  threatened  with  having  our  blood  drawn  from 
us,  still  we  humbly  trust  that  you  will  view  us  in  a  different 
light,  and  grant  us  a  ray  of  hope  to  cheer  our  spirits. 

"  That  the  Guardian  of  empires  may  direct  and  protect 
you  in  this  trying  season  is  the  prayer  of  your  memorialists. 

"  Voted  that  the  town-clerk  ^  sign  the  petition  to  the 
General  Court." 

FOURTII-OF-JULY  CELEBRATIONS  IN  1810  &  1814. 

There  was  probably  no  time  when  politics  ran  so 
high  as  in  1810.  In  that  year,  each  party  had  its 
Fourth-of-July  Celebration.  In  the  night  preceding 
the  Fourth,  a  straight  and  graceful  liberty-pole,  about 
seventy  feet  high,  erected  by  the  democratic  party, 
was  cut  down  by  a  member  of  the  other  party,  who,  it 
has  since  been  ascertained,  was  Samuel  Bunting.  The 
orations  of  Mr.  Whiting,  of  Warren,  and  William 
White,  Esq.,^  were  delivered  in  the  meeting-house, 
the  one  in  the  forenoon  and  the  other  in  the  afternoon ; 
and  the  occasions  were  known  long  afterward  as  "  the 
morning  and  afternoon  service."  It  was  agreed  that 
the  old  cannon  "  should  speak  "  for  both  parties ;  who 
dined,  the  federalist  at  Rufus  Gillmor's,  and  the  demo- 
cratic in  a  temporary  booth  in  front  of  John  Little's. 

In  the  Boston  Weekly  Messenger,  July  15,  1814,  is 
the  following  account  of  the  celebration  in  that  year 
by  the  federal  party :  — 

'*  The  birthday  of  our  nation  was  celebrated  at  Union  with 
lively  emotions  of  joy.     The  celebration  was  intended  as 

'  This  vote  was  probably  passed  because  the  town-clerk  was  a  lead- 
ing man  in  the  opposite  party. 

*  Mr.  White's  oration  was  printed.  The  following  is  the  "  Dedi- 
CA.TION :  Neither  through  fear  or  affection,  but  of  mere  charity,  — 
the  author  of  these  sheets  bestows  them  upon  that  snarling,  hungry 
horde  of  curs,  called  'The  Critics.'"  On  the  ])receding  page,  "the 
public  are  advertised  not  to  read  a  single  page  of  this  pamphlet,  un- 
less they  undertake  it  entirely  at-  their  own  hazard ;  as  the  author 
has  no  concern  in  the  thing,  —  being  determined  to  receive  no  reward 
from  such  as  may  be  gratified  with  the  perusal,  and  to  make  no 
remuneration  to  those  who  may  esteem  their  labor  lost." 


FOURTH-OF-JULY   CELEBRATIONS.  237 

well  in  honor  of  the  great  events  in  Europe  which  have 
secured,  as  those  which  obtained,  our  independence.  The 
Washington  Benevolent  Society  in  Union  was  joined  by  a 
great  number  of  citizens  of  that  town,  Warren,  Waldobo- 
rough,  Thomaston,  and  the  vicinity.  The  oration  by  George 
Kimball,  Esq.,  would  rank  high  among  productions  of  this 
class.  It  exhibited  an  able  and  correct  view  of  the  origin 
and  leading  measures  of  the  two  great  political  parties 
which  have  divided  our  country,  in  a  chaste  style.  Aiming 
principally  at  correctness  and  utility,  it  rose  occasionally 
into  brilliancy,  and  communicated  an  electric  shock  to  the 
audience,  which  was  evinced  by  loud  and  repeated  testimo- 
nials of  applause.  Two  hymns  and  an  ode  were  prepared 
for  the  occasion.  They  do  great  honor  to  their  author.  The 
music  has  rarely  been  excelled  on  any  similar  occasion.  A 
handsome  and  liberal  dinner  was  provided  under  the  direc- 
tion of  Captain  Barrett  and  Major  Gillmor.  The  escort 
duties  were  performed  by  the  Union  Light  Infantry  in  a 
soldier-like  manner.  The  honors  of  the  table  were,  at  the 
request  of  the  company,  conducted  by  the  Washington  Be- 
nevolent Society.  Major  Foster,  their  president,  took  the 
chair,  assisted  by  Nathaniel  Robbins,  Esq.,  and  the  other 
officers  of  the  society.  Every  part  of  the  celebration  evinced 
'  the  feast  of  reason  and  the  flow  of  soul.' 

"ODE.  — SUNG   AT  TABLE. 

"  Tune  —  ^  Adams  and  Liberty* 

"  Our  fathers,  impelled  by  the  zeal  of  reform, 

Souo;ht  a  lodi^ment  secure  from  the  scourge  of  oppression ; 
Ariel  directed  their  bark  through  the  storm 

To  a  land  wild  and  drear  from  the  hand  of  creation, 

Which  destiny's  page, 

From  time's  early  age, 

Had  marked  an  asylum  from  ambition's  rage; 

Where  altars  to  freedom  in  future  should  rise, 

In  majesty  towering  from  earth  to  the  skies. 

Soon  the  labors  of  indu«;try  gladdened  the  hills, 

And  the  vales  with  the  music  of  artists  resounded  ; 
The  commerce  of  Europe,  restricted  by  ills, 

Cast  a  look  on  the  empire  *  the  pilgrims '  had  founded, 
Where  liberty  Srite 
In  majesty's  state, 
Securing  to  commerce  a  happier  fate ; 
At  once  she  resolved  again  to  be  free. 
And  the  snow  of  her  robes  whitened  every  sea. 
21 


238  POLITICAL    HISTORY. 

Columbia  the  blest,  with  unparalleled  stride, 
Ascended  the  steep  of  her  national  glory ; 
The  blaze  of  her  grandeur  soon  wounded  the  pride 
Of  the  mistress  of  ocean  —  the  lion,  in  story ; 
Her  hero  arose, 
All  harm  to  oppose, 
Maintained  her  rights  in  the  face  of  her  foes, 
Till  the  angel  of  battles  proclaimed  the  decree, 
♦  Great  Washington  conquers  —  Columbia  is  free.' 

Old  Anarch,  the  author  of  man's  greatest  curse, 

Soon  broke  the  sweet  calm  that  her  policy  cherished  i 
Of  spirits  infernal  the  fostering  nurse, 

The  demon  enlisted  the  imps  he  had  nourished. 
From  their  caverns  they  poured, 
A  poisonous  horde, 
More  deadly  than  pestilence,  famine,  and  sword ; 
But  Justice  eternal  holds  dominant  sway. 
And  darkness  is  deepest  at  dawning  of  day. 

The  flames  of  the  far-famed  Moscow  proclaimed, 

That  yet  to  stern  virtue  remained  probation ; 
And  the  son  of  the  Czars  has  the  trial  sustained, 
And  purchased  redemption  for  every  nation. 
Delusion  must  cease. 
Truth's  empire  increase, 
Till  the  *  star  of  oxir  peace  '  shall  appear  in  the  east ; 
Then  altars  to  freedom  again  shall  arise. 
And  their  incense  ascending  envelop  the  skies. 

Then  virtue  shall  take  her  ascendance  again, 

Political  truth  guide  political  reason  ; 
No  more  shall  that  phantom,  philosophy,  reign, 
Adherence  to  principle  ne'er  be  made  treason ; 
But  philosophers  keep 
Their  •  eternal  sleep,' 
And  their  vile  host  of  demons  be  laid  in  the  deep. 
And  ages  successive  their  freedom  defend, 
Till  darkness  and  day  in  eternity  blend. 


"HYMN.  — SUNG  IN  THE  MEETING-HOUSE. 

«  TuNB  — '  Old  Hundred^ 

*'  Creator  God  !  the  first,  the  last. 
The  same  in  future  as  in  past, 
Enthroned  in  majesty  above, 
Eternal  Source  of  life  and  love,  — 

When  man,  forgetful  whence  he  came, 
Contemns  thy  law,  profanes  thy  name, 
He's  in  thy  hand,  one  awful  breath 
Blasts  him  in  everlasting  death. 


MEMBERS   OF   CONGRESS.  239 

When  nations  lose  respect  to  God, 
They  make  atonement  with  their  blood; 
But  when  their  sins  no  more  abound, 
He  breaks  the  sword  and  heals  the  wound. 

So  Europe,  while  she  fed  her  lust. 
Was  with  a  tj'rant's  bondage  curst ; 
But  when  she  looked  in  faith  to  God, 
He  heard,  and  broke  the  scourging  rod. 

Almighty  God  !  thou  art  our  trust, 
We  kiss  the  rod,  we  feel  it  just ; 
But  spare  us,  that  we  may  adore 
And  praise  and  serve  thee  evermore." 

The   other   hymn  sung  on  the  occasion  was  not 
printed. 


CHAP  TEE    XXVII. 

POLITICAL  HISTORY. 

(^Contintied,) 

Members  of  Congress. —  Governors.  —  Lieutenant-Governors.  —  Town 
Representatives.  —  Justices  of  the  Peace.  —  Coroners.  —  Post  Of- 
fices and  Postmasters. 

MEMBERS  OF  CONGRESS. 

A  VOTE  was  passed  Dec.  18,  1788,  when  the  Federal 
Constitution  was  about  to  go  into  operation,  not  to 
ballot  for  a  member  to  Congress,  as  the  "  General 
Court  had  not  furnished  the  town  with  a  resolve  for 
it."  Accordingly,  the  first  voting  for  any  officer,  under 
the  Constitution  of  the  United  States,  was  for  a  repre- 
sentative, Oct.  4,  1790,  when  William  Lithgow  had 
nine  votes,  and  Daniel  Cony  two.  There  was  no  elec- 
tion. Jan.  25, 1791, "  William  Lithgow,  jun.,  had  every 
vote  of  the  town  present,  which  was  thirteen."  At  a 
third  trial,  April  4, 1791,  the  record  states, "  The  inhabi- 
tants met,  and  made  choice  of  WiUiam  Lithgow,  jun. ; 
twenty-four  votes."  At  the  meeting,  Nov.  2,  1792,  for 
choosing  three  representatives   to   Congress,  Edward 


240  POLITICAL   HISTORY. 

Cutis  for  the  county  of  York,  Enoch  Freeman  for  the 
county  of  Cumberland,  and  "Waterman  Thomas  for 
the  three  lower  counties,  "  had  each  twenty  votes. 
Of  the  other  candidates,  Tristam  Jordan  for  York 
had  twenty-one,  Peleg  Wadsworth  for  Cumberland  had 
nineteen,  and  Henry  Dearborn  for  the  three  lower  coun- 
ties "  had  twenty.  At  a  second  trial,  April  1, 1793,  the 
delegate  for  Congress,  Peleg  Wadsworth,  had  thii-ty- 
five  votes  ;  Nov.  3, 1794,  Henry  Dearborn  had  nineteen, 
as  representative  for  the  Eastern  District;  Nov.  7, 
Isaac  Parker,  subsequently  Chief  Justice  of  the  Su- 
preme Court  of  Massachusetts,  had  sixteen  votes, 
Feb.  6,  1797,  twenty-nine  votes,  and  May  10,  thirty- 
seven  votes ;  and.  May  10,  Henry  Dearborn  had  one 
vote.  Nov.  5,  1798,  Silas  Lee  had  thirty-two,  and 
Nathaniel  Dummer  five  votes.  Nov.  3,  1800,  Silas 
Lee  had  thirty-nine  votes.  Mr.  Lee  resigned;  and, 
Sept.  20,  1801,  Nathaniel  Dummer  had  thirty  votes. 

After  this  time,  the  votes,  according  to  the  records, 
are  as  follows  :  — 

1801,  Dec.    7.    Orchard  Cook,  31. 

1802,  April  1.    Orchard  Cook,  64. 
1802,  June    7.    Samuel  Thatcher,  49. 

1802,  July  9.  Satnuel  Thatcher,  36:   Martin  Kinsley,  2; 

Jonathan  Sibley^  2. 

1802,  Nov.  1.  Samuel  Thatcher,  31. 

1804,  Nov.  5.  Samuel  Thatcher,  22;   Orchard  Cook,  45. 

1806,  Nov.  3.  Orchard  Cook,  50;  Mark  L.  Hill,  26. 

1808,  Nov.  7.  Orchard  Cook,  66;  Alden  Bradford,  67. 

1810,  Nov.  5.  Alden  Bradford,  40;   Peleg  Tolman,  57. 

1812,  Nov.  2.  Abiel  Wood,  140;  Erastus  Foot,  2  ;   Daniel 

Rose,  2. 

1814,  Nov.  7.  Thomas  Rice,  50  ;  James  Parker,  23. 

1816,  Nov.  4.  Thomas  Rice,  43  ;  James  Parker,  25. 

1817,  Jan.  9.  Thomas  Rice,  27  ;  James  Parker,  23. 
1817,  May  1.  Peter  Grant,  37  ;  James  Parker,  27. 

1817,  Sept.29.    Peter  Grant,  23  ;  Joshua  Gage,  4. 

1818,  Nov.    2.    Peter  Grant;!  Joshua  Gage.  1 

1819,  April  5.    Thomas  Bond,  56  ;  James  Parker,  24. 

*  Number  of  votes  not  recorded. 


MEMBERS    OF    CONGRESS.  241 

1820,  Nov.    6.    James  Parker,  30;  Ebenezer  Herrick,  16. 

1821,  Jan.     8.    Joshua  Gage,   25;  Ebenezer   Herrick,    12; 

Peter  Grant,  1. 

1821,  May    7.    Ebenezer    Herrick,  30;  Joshua  Gage,    26; 

James  Parker,  3. 

1822,  Nov.   4.    (No  record.) 

1823,  April  7.    Jeremiah  Bailey,   113;    Mark    L.   Hill,  3; 

Daniel  Rose,  11  ;  Ebenezer  Herrick,  1  ; 
Ebenezer  Thatcher,  1  ;  Edwin  Smith,  1  ; 
Isaac  Barnard,  1. 
1823,  June  30.  Jeremiah  Bailey,  48;  Mark  L.  Hill,  8; 
Ebenezer  Herrick,  4  ;  Samuel  Thatcher,  7  ; 
•       Oliver  Pratt,  1;  M.  Hill,  1. 

1823,  Sept.  8.    Ebenezer  Herrick,  60;  Mark  L.  Hill,  9. 

1824,  Sept.l3,    Ebenezer  Thatcher,  52;  Ebenezer  Herrick, 

8  ;   Ebenezer  Cobb,  1. 

1825,  Jan.     3.    Ebenezer  Thatcher,  47  ;  Albert  Smith,  2. 
1825,  April  4.    Ebenezer  Thatcher,  88;   Ebenezer    Herrick, 

20  ;   Albert  Smith,  3  ;  Henry  True,  1. 

1825,  Sept.l2.    Ebenezer  Herrick,   35;    Daniel  Rose,   25; 

Albert  Smith,  2. 

1826,  Sept.ll.    Joseph  F.  Wingate,  43  ;  Daniel  Rose,  34. 
1828,  Sept.  8.    Joseph  F.  Wingate,  73. 

1830,  Sept.l3.    Edv/ard  Kavanagh,  104;  Moses  Shaw,  93. 
1830,  Nov.  22.    Moses  Shaw,  52  ;   Edward  Kavanagh,  54. 
1833, Jeremiah  Bailey,  128;  Edward  Kavanagh, 

129;  John  McKown,  11. 
1834,  Sept.  8.    Edward  Kavanagh,  152;  Jeremiah  Bailey, 

147;  John  McKown,  10. 
1836,  Sept.l2.    Jeremiah  Bailey,  139  ;  Jonathan  Cilley,  112  ; 

Edwin  Smith,  3  ;   George  Fish,  1 . 

1836,  Nov.    7.    Jeremiah  Bailey,  101  ;  Jonathan  Cilley,  99. 

1837,  April  3.    Jeremiah  Bailey,  136;  Jonathan  Cilley,  92. 

1838,  April  2.    Edward  Robinson,  163;  John  D.  McCrate, 

137;  William  F.  Farley,  18. 
1838,  Sept.lO.    Benj.  Randall,  196  ;  John  D.  McCrate,  160. 
1840,  Sept.  1 4.    Benj amin  Randall,  210;  Joseph  Sewall,  1 46. 
1843,  Sept.ll.    Freeman  H.  Morse,  139  ;   Charles  Andrews, 

127  ;  Charles  C.  Cone,  12. 

1843,  Nov,  13.    Freeman  H.  Morse,  128  ;  Charles  Andrews, 

116;  Charles  C.  Cone,  7. 

1844,  Sept.  9.    Freeman  H.  Morse,  198  ;  John  D.  McCrate, 

182;  Charles  C.  Cone,  13. 

21* 


242  POLITICAL    HISTORY. 

1844,  Nov.  11.    Freeman  H.  Morse,  183  ;  John  D.  McCrate, 

171;   Charles  C.  Cone,  14. 
1846, John  D.  McCrate,  179  ;  Freeman  H.  Morse, 

171  ;  Zury  Robinson,  16. 

1847, Freeman  H.  Morse,  135;  Franklin  Clark, 

137;   Charles  C.  Cone,  13. 
1848, JohnD.  McCrate,  161  ;  Rufus  K.  Goodenow, 

172  ;  William  H.  Vinton,  14. 

1849, Isaac  Reed,  182;   Charles  Andrews,  172. 

GOVERNOR  AND  LIEUTENANT-GOVERNOR. 

There  is  no  record  of  votes  for  Governor  or  Lieute- 
nant-Governor before  April  2,  1787.  The  warrant  for 
the  town-meeting  on  that  day  contains  an  article  "  to 
see  whom  the  town  will  choose  for  Governor,  Lieute- 
nant-Governor, and  senator  for  the  year  ensuing." 
The  record  of  the  meeting  would  convey  the  idea  that 
the  result  depended  entirely  upon  the  inhabitants  of 
Union ;  for  it  states,  "  By  written  ballot,  made  choice 
of  John  Hancock  for  Governor,  and  Major-General 
William  Heath  for  Lieutenant-Governor."  April  3, 
1788,  "  Governor,  His  Excellency  John  Hancock ;  Lieu- 
tenant-Governor, Major-General  Lincoln  four,  and 
eight  for  Hon.  William  Heath."  In  April,  1789,  the 
statement  is  more  explicit :  "  Chose  the  Hon.  John  Han- 
cock, Esq.,  Governor  by  thirteen  votes ;  and  the  Hon. 
Benjamin  Lincoln,  Esq.,  Lieutenant-Governor  by  thir- 
teen votes."  April  5, 1790, "  John  Hancock  had  all  the 
votes  for  Governor,  which  were  seven  ;  and,  for  Lieute- 
nant-Governor, William  Heath  had  seven,  and  Benja- 
min Lincoln  three."  From  this  time,  the  votes,  during 
the  connection  of  Maine  with  Massachusetts,  are  as 
follows :  —  » 

GOVERNOR.  LIEUTENANT-GOVERNOR. 

1791. 
John  Hancock  ...     22     |     Samuel  Adams  ...     21 

1792. 
John  Hancock  ...     23  William  Heath       .     .27 

Charles  Jarvis    ...       2 

1793. 
John  Hancock.     .     .     17     |     William  Heath       .     .     21 


GOVERNORS   A 

GOVERNOR. 

Samuel  Adams  .     . 

ND    LIEUTENANT-GOVERNORS. 

LIEUTENANT-  GOVERNOR. 

1794. 
20          William  Heath       .      . 
Moses  Gill    .... 

10 
10 

Samuel  Adams  .     . 
William  Heath .      . 
Elbridge  Gerry.     . 

Sam^uel  Adams  . 
Moses  Gill    .     .     . 

17 
22 
6 

1 

17 
18 
3 

95. 

Moses  Gill    .... 

96. 

Moses  Gill    .... 
William  Heath .     .     . 

23 

20 

1 

Increase  Sumner     .     . 

1797. 
28     1     Moses  Gill    .... 

21 

Increase  Sumner     . 

1798. 
30     1     Moses  Gill    .... 

30 

Increase  Sumner    .     . 

1799. 
40     1     Moses  Gill    .... 

37 

Caleb  Strong     .     . 
Moses  Gill    .     .      . 

18 

28 
18 

00. 

Moses  Gill    .... 
Caleb  Strong      .      .      . 

28 
9 

Caleb  Strong     .      .      . 
Elbridge  Gerry .     . 

18 
54 
1 

01. 

Edward  H.  Robbins    . 

57 

Caleb  Strong     .     . 
Elbridge  Gerry  .      . 

18 
64 
2 

02. 

Edward  H.  Robbins    . 
William  Heath .     .     . 

60 

1 

Caleb  Strong     .      . 
Elbridge  Gerry  . 

18 
45 
2 

03. 

Edward  H.  Robbins    . 

43 

Caleb  Strong 
James  Sullivan  .      . 

18 
50 
23 

04. 

Edward  H.  Robbins    . 
William  Heath .     .     , 

51 

8 

Caleb  Strong     .      . 
James  Sullivan  .      . 
William  Heath.     . 

18 
42 
.     52 
.        1 

05. 

Edward  H.  Robbins    . 
William  Heath .      .      . 

41 
60 

Caleb  Strong     .      . 
James  Sullivan .     . 

18 
.     51 

.     78 

06. 

Edward  H.  Robbins    . 
William  Heath .     .     . 

49 
83 

244 


POLITICAL   HISTORY. 


GOVERNOR. 


1807. 


Caleb  Strong 
James  Sullivan 


Christopher  Gore    . 
James  Sullivan  . 
Caleb  Strong     . 
David  Cobb .     .     . 

Christopher  Gore    . 
Levi  Lincoln 
Joseph  B.  Varnum 

Christopher  Gore    . 
Elbridge  Gerry . 

Christopher  Gore    . 
Elbridge  Gerry  . 
William  Phillips    . 


Caleb  Strong  , 
Elbridge  Gerry  . 
William  Phillips 


Caleb  Strong      .     . 
Joseph  B.  Varnum 


Caleb  Strong 
Samuel  Dexter  . 
William  Phillips 


62 
102 


LIEUTENANT-GOVERNOR. 

Edward  H.  Bobbins  .  51 
Levi  Lincoln  .  .  .102 
Jonathan  Sibley  .  .  1 
James  Sullivan  ...        1 


1808. 


57 

88 

2 

1 

88 

93 

2 

84 
91 

58 

80 

1 


David  Cobb  . 
Levi  Lincoln 


1809. 


David  Cobb  .     .     . 
Joseph  B.  Varnum 


1810. 


1811 


David  Cobb  .  .  . 
William  Gray    . 

William  Phillips  . 
William  Gray  .  . 
Joseph  B.  Varnum 
George  Wellington 
John  Lermond  . 


1812. 
75  William  King    . 

95  William  Phillips 

1  Samuel  Dana     . 

Jonathan  Sibley 


1813. 


94 
101 


William  Phillips 
William  King    . 
Caleb  Strong 
William  Eustis  . 
Joseph  Varnum 
Nathaniel  Bobbins 


1814. 


97 

103 

1 


William  Phillips 
William  Gray    . 


56 

88 


84 
93 


81 
88 

57 

75 
1 
1 
1 

92 

69 

1 

1 

92 
98 
2 
1 
1 
1 

96 
104 


GOVERNORS   AND   LIEUTENANT-GOVERNORS. 


245 


GOVEKNOR. 


LIEUTENANT-  GOVERNOR. 


(;ialeb  Strong     . 
Samuel  Dexter  . 


John  Brooks 
Samuel  Dexter 


John  Brooks 
Henry  Dearborn     . 

John  Brooks 

Benj.  W.  Crowninshield 

Thomas  Kittredge  .     . 

John  Brooks 

Benj.  Crowninshield  . 


1815. 


98 
92 


William  Phillips 
William  Gray  . 
Samuel  Dexter  . 
Nathaniel  Bobbins 
Mark  L.  Hill  . 
Martin  Kinsley 
James  Campbell 


1816. 


88 
74 


William  Phillips 
William  King    . 


1817. 


89 
66 

58 

51 

1 

71 
33 


William  Phillips 
William  King    . 


1818. 


William  Phillips 
Thomas  Kittredge 


1819. 


William  Phillips 
Benjamin  Austin 


99 
90 


88 

72 


89 

72 

58 
51 


71 
33 


Of  the  preceding  candidates  for  Governor,  Han- 
cock, Adams,  Sumner,  Strong,  Gore,  Brooks,  belonged 
to  the  federal  party ;  and  each  of  them  has  been  in  the 
chair.  Of  the  anti-federal  or  democratic  party  were 
Bowdoin,  Gerry,  Sullivan,  Heath,  Lincoln,  Varnum, 
Dexter,  Dearborn,  Crowninshield;  of  whom  the  first 
three  have  been  Governors. 

The  gubernatorial  election  in  the  spring  of  1819  was 
the  last  in  which  Maine  voted  with  Massachusetts. 
After  the  separation,  there  was  no  office  of  Lieutenant- 
Governor.  The  first  election  of  State  officers  by 
Maine  was  April  3,  1820,  when  William  King  had 
fifty-seven  votes  for  Governor,  Stephen  Longfellow 
twenty-nine,  and  Jeremiah  Bailey  one.  The  election 
since  that  time  has  been  held  in  September,  and  the 
votes  for  Governor  are  recorded  as  follows  :  — 


246 


POLITICAL    HISTORY. 


1821. 

Robert  P.  Dunlap  . 

.   105 

Ezekiel  Whitman  . 

.     68 

Samuel  E.  Smith    . 

.      23 

Joshua  Wingate,  jun 

.       18 

Thomas  A.  Hill      . 

.      11 

Albion  K.  Parris    . 

.       3 

1834. 

William  King    .      . 

1 

Robert  P.  Dunlap  . 

.   152 

1822. 

Peleg  Sprague   . 

.   156 

Ezekiel  Whitman  . 

.     47 

Thomas  A.  Hill      . 

.      10 

Albion  K.  Parris    . 

.     41 

Noah  Rice,  jun. 

1 

Samuel  Fessenden 

.       6 

1835. 

1823. 

William  King    .      . 

.   115 

Albion  K.  Parris    . 

.     37 

Robert  P.  Dunlap  . 

.   112 

Benjamin  Whitman 

.       1 

Noah  S.  Rice     .      . 

.        9 

Joseph  H.  Becket  . 

.       1 

Thomas  A.  Hill      . 

.       2 

1824. 

Jonathan  Sibley 

1 

Albion  K.  Parris    . 

.     57 

Jack  Downing  .      . 

1 

1825. 

1836. 

Albion  K.  Parris    . 

.     48 

Edward  Kent     .      . 

.   139 

Avery  Rawson  . 

1 

Robert  P.  Dunlap  . 

.   115 

1826. 

Jonathan  Sibley      . 

1 

Enoch  Lincoln  . 

.     51 

1837. 

Noah  Rice    .     .     . 

.        2 

Edward  Kent     .      . 

.   181 

1827. 

Gorham  Parks  .     . 

.   117 

Enoch  Lincoln  . 

.      62 

1838. 

1828. 
Enoch  Lincoln  .     . 

Edward  Kent    .      . 

.   196 

.     72 

John  Fairfield   .      . 

.   160 

1829. 

1839. 

Jonathan  G.  Huntoo 

Q     110 

Edward  Kent    .     . 

.   179 

Samuel  E.  Smith    . 

.     64 

John  Fairfield   .     . 

.   123 

Daniel  F.  Harding 

1 

1840. 

James  Bice  . 

.       1 

Edward  Kent    .      . 

.  210 

1830. 

John  Fairfield   .      . 

.   146 

Jonathan  G.  Huntoo 

n    145 

1841. 

Samuel  E.  Smith    . 

.   114 

Edward  Kent     .      . 

.   174 

1831. 

John  Fairfield   .      . 

.   168 

Samuel  E.  Smith    . 

.   130 

Ezekiel  Whitman  . 

.      11 

Daniel  Goodenow  . 

.   Ill 

Jeremiah  Curtis 

.        3 

1832. 

1842. 

Daniel  Goodenow  . 

.   154 

Edward  Robinson  . 

.   175 

Samuel  E.  Smith    . 

.   147 

John  Fairfield   .      . 

.   155 

1833. 

James  Appleton      . 

4 

Daniel  Goodenow  . 

.   127 

Asa  Redington  . 

1 

KEPRESENTATIVES. 


247 


1843. 

1847. 

Edward  Robinson  . 

134 

David  Bronson  .      . 

.   134 

Hugh  J.  Anderson 

116 

John  W.  Dana  .      . 

.   137 

Edward  Kavanagh 

18 

Samuel  Fessenden 

.     14 

James  Appleton      . 

12 

1848. 

1844. 

John  W.  Dana  .      . 

.   161 

Edward  Robinson  . 

198 

Elijah  L.  Hamlin  . 

.   172 

Hugh  J.  Anderson 

183 

Samuel  Fessenden 

.     14 

James  Appleton 

.      13 

1849. 

1845. 

Elijah  L.  Hamlin  . 

.   182 

Hugh  J.  Anderson 

153 

John  Hubbard  .      . 

.   161 

Freeman  H.  Morse 

150 

George  Talbot  . 

.     10 

1846. 

1850. 

David  Bronson .     . 

179 

William  G.  Crosby 

.   176 

John  W.  Dana  . 

.   180 

John  Hubbard  . 

.   173 

Samuel  Fessenden 

16 

George  L.  Talbot  i 

Vio   a/^r»Qvci+ir»n     fmrr-\    TV 

.       7 

TdQCSCl- 

chusetts,  all,  except  Huntoon  and  Kent,  have  belonged 
to  the  democratic  party. 

TOWN  REPRESENTATIVES.^ 

In  1807,  "  Edward  Jones,  by  a  majority  of  the  voters 
present,  he  having  seventy-five  votes,"  was  chosen  the 
first  representative  fi-om  Union  to  the  General  Court  of 
Massachusetts.  In  1811,  John  Lermond  was  elected 
by  seventy-eight  out  of  one  hundred  and  forty-five 
votes.  The  town  was  liable  to  a  fine,  if  it  voted  not 
to  send  any ;  and  the  mode  of  evasion  was  by  voting 
to  "  drop  the  article."  Generally,  in  each  party,  there 
was  a  majority  in  favor  of  this.  In  1812,  John  Ler- 
mond, of  the  democratic  party,  being  chairman  of  the 
selectmen,  presided  at  the  meeting.  The  vote  to  pass 
over  the  article  was  adopted  as  usual.  Spencer  Wal- 
cott,  of  the  democratic  party,  then    went  up  to  the 

*  Free-soil. 

*  In  1825,  Nathaniel  Robbins  had  twenty  votes  for  State  Senator. 
In  1849,  Elbridge  Lermond  had  one  hundred  and  thirty-five  votes ; 
and  in  1850,  one  hundred  and  sixty-nine  votes;  and  in  1851,  he  was 
chosen  senator  by  the  Legislature.  Dr.  Harding  was  senator  while 
he  resided  in  Union. 


248  POLITICAL   HISTORY. 

moderator,  and  observed,  "  You  have  warned  me  here 
to  vote  for  representative.  Here  is  my  vote,  reject  it 
if  you  dare."  The  meeting,  or  at  least  the  federal 
party,  was  taken  by  surprise.  His  vote  could  not  be 
rejected.  After  some  discussion  and  an  adjournment 
for  an  hour  or  two,  during  which  runners  were  de- 
spatched to  bring  in  voters,  the  ballots  were  called  for. 
The  poll  was  about  being  closed,  when  Warren  Ware, 
sick  and  feeble,  was  passing  by  on  a  bed  in  a  cart. 
He  was  solicited  to  vote ;  and,  being  supported  on  each 
side,  he  was  walked  up  to  the  box,  and  put  into  it  a 
federal  vote.  At  the  counting,  it  was  found  that  his 
vote  had  elected  the  federal  candidate ;  Nathaniel 
Robbins  having  seventy-seven  votes,  and  John  Ler- 
mond  seventy-six. 

In  1819,  Nathaniel  Bachelor  had  thirty-nine  votes, 
and  was  chosen ;  Robert  Foster  having  twenty,  and 
Nathaniel  Robbins  seven.  No  other  representatives 
were  sent  from  Union  to  the  Legislature  of  Massachu- 
setts, during  its  connection  with  Maine. 

In  1820,  after  Maine  became  a  State,  Nathaniel 
Bachelor  had  seventy-four  votes,  and  was  elected; 
John  W.  Lindley  had  fifty-five  votes,  Robert  Foster 
one,  and  Micajah  Gleason  one.  The  State  was  dis- 
tricted March  23,  1821,  and  Union  was  united  with 
Washington ;  ^  each  of  the  towns  furnishing  the  repre- 
sentative, according  to  its  proportion  of  the  population. 
From  this  date  the  following  is  the  record ;  the  repre- 
sentatives not  taking  their  seats  till  the  year  after  their 
election :  — 

1821,  Sept.  10.  Nathaniel  Bachelor,  48;  f  John  W.  Lindley, 
29;  Robert  Foster,  17. 

1821,  Oct.  1.  Nathaniel  Bachelor,  61  ;t  John  W.  Lind- 
ley, 12  ;  Robert  Foster,  1. 

*  Union  and  Washington  have  not  always  made  one  district. 
Washington  has  elected  a  representative  in  some  of  the  years  when 
one  was  sent  from  Union.  In  1831,  it  elected  William  Rust;  in  1832, 
William  llnst,  jun.;  in  1833,  Isaac  Ilcaton  ;  in  1835,  James  McDow- 
ell; in  1836,  William  Newhall;  in  1839,  Joshua  Linniken ;  and  in 
1840,  Ichabod  Irish. 

t  Elected. 


REPRESENTATIVES.  249 

1822,  Sept.  9.    Robert  Foster,  45;  Nathaniel  Bachelor,  36; 
John  W.  Lindley,  2  ;  John  Lermond,  2. 

1822,  Sept.27.    Samuel  Doe,^*  27  f;  Robert  Foster,  11. 

1823,  Sept.  8.    John  W.  Lindley,  33;  Nathaniel  Bachelor, 

22  ;  Henry  True,  1 1  ;  John  Lermond,  2  ; 
Joseph  H.  Becket,  1. 

1823,  Sept.22.    Nathaniel  Bachelor,  41  f  ;  Henry  True,  12; 

John  W.  Lindley,  11. 

1824,  Sept.l3.    John  W.  Lindley,  34;  Nathaniel  Bobbins, 

33  ;  Robert  Foster,  4  ;  John  Lermond,  10. 

1824,  Nov.    1.    John  W.  Lindley,  53  ;  Nathaniel  Robbins, 

45 1 ;  Robert  Foster,  2. 

1825,  Sept.l2.    Samuel  Doe,  J  53 f  ;    Daniel  McCurdy,  16  ; 

George  Bailey,  4;  John  W.  Lindley,  1. 

1826,  Sept.ll.    Nathaniel  Robbins,  53  f  ;  John  W.  Lindley, 

41  ;   Henry  True,  17. 

1827,  Sept.lO.    Nathl.  Robbins,  59  f  ;  John  W.  Lindley,  56. 

1828,  Sept.  5.    Daniel  F.  Harding,  76;  Isaac  Heaton,  11  ; 

Moses  Pelton,  5  ;  William  Witt,  1 ;  Wil- 
liam Newhall,  8. 
1828,  Nov.    3.    Daniel  F.  Harding,  72;  William  Witt,  9  ; 
William  Newhall,   8  ;    Isaac  Heaton,  9 ; 
Moses  Pelton,  2. 

1828,  Nov.22.    Isaac  Heaton,  17;  William  Witt,  J  3t ;  Ezra 

Kellog,  1. 

1829,  Sept.  5.    Daniel  F.   Harding,   104;    John  Lermond, 

22 ;  John  Butler,  21  ;  Nathaniel  Bache- 
lor, 1  ;   Walter  Blake,  1. 

1829,  Oct.  10.    Nathl.  Bachelor,  56;  John  Lermond,  52  f; 

•  Jno.  W.  Lindley,  8  ;  Daniel  F.  Harding,  4. 

1830,  Sept.  13.    Ebenezer  Alden,  118;  John  Lermond,  1 1 7  f ; 

John  W.  Lindley,  5  ;  Joseph  Morse,  1. 

1831,  Sept.ll.    John  Lermond,   131  f;   Daniel  F.  Harding, 

75 ;  Herman  Hawes,  6 ;  Cornelius  Irish, 
5 ;  Nathaniel  Bachelor,  1 ;  John  W.  Lind- 
ley, 1  ;  Ebenezer  Alden,  1 . 

1832,  Sept.lO.    Nathaniel  Bachelor,  154  f;  John  Lermond, 

139  ;   Herman  Hawes,  1. 

1833,  Sept.  9.    Nathaniel  Bachelor,  129;  William  Shepard, 

111;  Cornelius  Irish,  10;  Henry  Blunt, 
5  ;  Jno.  W.  Lindley,  4  ;  Thos.  Mitchell,  1. 

*  Of  Putnam,  afterwards  called  Washington.  f  Elected. 

t  Of  Washington. 
22 


250  POLITICAL   HISTORY. 

1833,  Sept.16.    NatH.  Bachelor,  124  f;  Wm.  Shepard,  80; 

Henry  Blunt,  21  ;  Cornelius  Irish,  4. 

1834,  Sept.  8.    John  Lermond,   151  ;    Nathaniel  Bachelor, 

142  ;  Thomas  Mitchell,  12. 

1834,  Sept. 15.  John  Lermond,  1 62  f ;  Nathaniel  Bachelor, 
139;  Thomas  Mitchell,  16. 

1835, John  W.  Lindley,  128  f;  William  Shepard, 

110;  Cornelius  Irish,  2;  Phillips  C.  Hard- 
ing, 2 ;  Calvin  Gleason,  1 ;  John  Bachel- 
der,  1  ;  Nathan  Daniels,  jun.,  1  ;  Joseph 
Shepard,  1. 

1836,  Sept.l2.  John  W.  Lindley,  135  f;  Calvin  Gleason, 
99 ;  Phillips  C.  Harding,  6 ;  Cornelius 
Irish,  3  ;  Obadiah  Harris,  3  ;  William 
Shepard,  1  ; ,  1. 

1837, Peter  Adams,  174t;    Cornelius  Irish,  117; 

Samuel  Stone,  1  ;  John  W.  Lindley,  1. 

1838, Peter  Adams,  195  f;  Amos  Drake,  158. 

1839,  Sept.  9.    No  choice;  adjourned  to  — 

1839,  Sept.16.    No  choice  ;  adjourned  to  — 

1839,  Sept.23.    Samuel    Hills,   116  f;  Cornelius  Irish,   16; 

Nelson  Cutler,  2  ;  Joel  Adams,  2 ;  Wil- 
liam Libbey,  1  ;  Augustus  Alden,  1  ;  Au- 
gustus C.  Bobbins,  1. 

1840,  Sept. 14.    No  choice  ;  adjourned  to  — 
1840,  Sept. 21.    No  choice;  adjourned  to  — 

1840,  Sept.28.  Nelson  Cutler,  174  f;  Leonard  Barnard, 
148  ;  Peter  Adams,  12  ;  Hannibal  Ham- 
lin, 5  ;  John  W.  Lindley,  3. 

1841, Phillips  C.  Harding,  145  f;  Peter  Adams,  5  ; 

Joel  Adams,  2  ;  Leonard  Bump,  2 ;  N. 
Bachelder,  1  ;  John  Go  wen,  1. 

1842, Wm.  McDowell,  179;  Phillips  Clark  Hard- 
ing, 153  t;   Elijah  Vose,  1. 

1843,  Sept.ll.  Wm.  McDowell,  147;  George  Jones,  124 ; 
D.  F.  Harding,  3;  Jonathan  Sibley,  1. 

1843,  Oct.    2.    Wm.  McDowell,*  147  f;  George  Babb,  69; 

Wm.  Young,  3 ;  Joseph  Irish,  1  ;  Moses 
Pelton,  1  ;  D.  F.  Harding,  1. 

1844,  Sept.  9.    Otis Hawes, 200;  Steph.  Carriel,  181  f;  D.F. 

Harding,  8  ;  John  Butler,  1  ;  Stephen,  1 . 

*  Of  Washington.  t  Elected. 


JUSTICES   OF   THE   PEACE.  251 

1845,  Sept.  8.    No  choice. 

1845,  Sept.29.  Wm.  Young,*  128  f ;  Otis  Hawes,  114; 
Moses  Pelton,  4 ;   Samuel  Stone,  2. 

1846, James   Newhall,    183  ;    Elbridge   Lermond, 

I73t;   Christopher  Young,  1 . 

1847, Thomas  Burns,  134;  William  Witt,*  ISTf; 

Samuel  Bowker,  9  ;  Joshua  S.  Green,  1. 

1848, Christopher  Young,  124t;  Stephen  S.  Hawes, 

181;  C.  Young,  5;  Silas  Hawes,  1;  C. 
Y.,  1. 

1849, Elias  Skidmore,  175  ;  Timothy  Cunning- 
ham,* 143 1;  Church  Burton,  13;  Ste- 
phen S.  Hawes,  1. 

1850, James  Burns,  176;  Joseph  Irish,  150f. 

JUSTICES  OF  THE  PEACE. 

Oct.  6,  1781,  "  a  commission  was  made  out  to  Ma- 
son Wheaton,  Esq.,  of  Sterlington,  to  be  a  justice  of 
the  peace  in  the  county  of  Lincoln."  This  was  before 
there  was  any  organization  of  the  inhabitants.  An 
early  movement  of  the  town  toward  procuring  a  com- 
mission for  a  justice  of  the  peace  was  very  demo- 
cratic. The  warrant  calling  a  town-meeting,  July  8, 
1793,  contains  three  articles  on  the  subject :  one  "  to 
see  if  the  town  will  vote  to  have  a  person  put  in  the 
commission  of  the  peace ; "  another  "  to  see  if  the  town 
will  vote  for  any  particular  person ; "  and  a  third  "  to 
see  if  the  town  will  choose  a  committee  to  petition  the 
Governor,  or  act  or  do  any  thing  relative  thereto." 
The  votes  in  connection  with  these  articles  are  re- 
corded very  distinctly  and  explicitly.  The  inhabitants 
"  voted  they  will  choose  a  man  for  justice  of  the  peace. 
.  .  .  Voted  they  will  have  Mr.  Edward  Jones  for  a  jus- 
tice of  the  peace,"  upon  which  the  town-clerk  makes 
the  memorandum,  — "  He  had  thirteen  votes ;  which 
were  aU  but  one  that  voted."  "  Voted  that  the  town 
will  choose  a  committee  of  three  to  petition  the  Gov- 
ernor for  the  peace.  .  .  .  Voted  Messrs.  Josiah  Maxcy, 
Amariah  Mero,  and  Samuel  Hills,  for  this  committee. 

*  Of  Washington.  t  Elected. 


262 


POLITICAL  HISTORY. 


.  .  .  Voted  that  the  town-clerk  give  the  committee  an 
attested  copy  of  the  votes."  This  is  the  only  record 
of  any  action  by  the  town,  on  the  subject.  Jones, 
however,  was  not  nominated,  notwithstanding  the 
movements  of  the  town  in  his  favor.  Ebenezer  Jen- 
nison,  though  objected  to,  probably  by  Jones's  friends, 
was  commissioned.  In  the  following  lists,  the  dates 
of  qualifications,  which  were  on  record  in  the  offices 
of  the  Secretaries  of  the  States  of  Massachusetts  and 
Maine,  in  August,  1850,  are  subjoined.  Whether  the 
others  were  ever  qualified  or  not,  does  not  appear. 
The  first  list  is  from  the  records  of  Massachusetts :  — 


Names. 

Dates  of  Commissions. 

OfQv 

laliAc 

ition. 

Ebenezer  Jennison 

.  .  Oct.  . 

.  .  .  1795  .   . 

Edward  Jones  .   .   . 

.  .  Feb. 

10,  1802  .  . 

Nathaniel  Robbins 

.  .  Feb. 

14,  1806  .  . 

Stephen  March  *    . 

.  .  Feb. 

2,  1809  .  , 

Edward  Jones  .  .  . 

.  .  Feb. 

21,  1809  .  . 

Nathan  Blake  .  .   . 

.  .  May 

13, 1811   . 

Jonathan  Sibley .   , 

,  ,  June 

28, 1811   , 

Nathaniel  Robbins  * 

.  Jan. 

28, 1813  . 

Feb. 

4, 

1813 

Timothy  Stewart    . 

.  .  Feb. 

11, 1813  . 

April 

26, 

1813 

Stephen  March  *    . 

.   .  Jan. 

19,  1816  . 

William  Brown  .   . 

.   .  Jan. 

24,  1816  . 

.  June 

21, 

1816 

Nathan  Blake  .   .   . 

.   .  Feb. 

16,  1818   . 

Jonathan  Sibley  .   . 

.   .  Aug. 

19, 1818  . 

.  April 

24, 

1819 

Nathaniel  Robbins  * 

.  Jan. 

29, 1820  . 

Feb. 

8, 

1820 

The  commissions  in  the  office  of  the  Secretary  of 
the  State  of  Maine  are  recorded  as  follows :  — 


Names. 

Dates  of  Commissions. 

Of  Qualification. 

Nathan  Blake  .... 

.  Feb. 

16,  1818  . 

John  Bulfinch  .... 

.  Jan. 

24, 1821   . 

Nathaniel  Robbins  * 

.  Jan. 

29,  1820  . 

Jonathan  Sibley  .   .   . 

.  Aug. 

19, 1818  . 

William  Brown  .   .   . 

.  Jan. 

24,  1818  . 

Nathaniel  Robbins    . 

.  Feb. 

23,  1821  . 

Nathaniel  Bachelor  . 

.  Feb. 

23,  1821   . 

*  Justices  of  the  peace  and  quorum. 


JUSTICES   OF   THE   PEACE. 


253 


Dates  of  Commissions. 


Jonathan  Sibley  .... 
Joseph  H.  Beckett  .  . 
Daniel  F.  Harding  .  . 
Timothy  Stewart    .   .   . 

Walter  Blake 

Joseph  H.  Beckett*.   . 
[Re-appointed   .   . 

Henry  True  * 

Nathaniel  Bobbins  *.  . 
Nathan  D.  Rice  .  .  .  . 
John  W.  Lindley  .  .  . 
Nathaniel  Robbins  *.  . 
Nathaniel  Bachelor  .  . 
Jona.  Libby  [Sibley]  . 
Daniel  F.  Harding  .  . 
Timothy  Stewart  .  .  . 
Elisha  Harding  .... 

John  Little 

Walter  Blake 

Joseph  H.  Beckett*.  . 
Thomas  Mitchell  .  .  . 
Nathaniel  Robbins  *.  . 
Daniel  F.  Harding  *.  . 
John  S.  Abbot  .  .  .  . 
Calvin  Gleason  .  .  .  . 
William  Shepard  .  .  . 
William  Shepard  *  .  . 
John  W.  Lindley*  .  . 
Benjamin  Gallop  .  .  . 
William  Gleason  .  .  . 
Nelson  Cutler*  .  .  .  . 
Augustus  C.  Robbins  . 
Walter  Blake*  .  .  .  . 
Joseph  H.  Beckett*.  . 
Nathaniel  Robbins  *.  . 
John  Whiting  .  . 
George  Cummings 
Calvin  Gleason  * . 
Thomas  Mitchell 
Ebenezer  Cobb*. 


Feb. 

23, 

1821  .  . 

March  13 

1821  .  . 

May 

10 

1821  .  . 

Feb. 

8 

1822  .  . 

Feb. 

14 

1824  .  . 

Feb. 

5 

1825  .  . 

April 

8 

1825] 

Feb. 

21 

1825  .  . 

Feb. 

22 

1825  .  . 

June 

22 

,  1827  .  . 

Oct. 

19 

,  1827  .  . 

Feb. 

7 

1828  .A 

Feb. 

7 

1828  .  . 

Feb. 

7 

1828  .  . 

March 

1 

1828  .  . 

Feb. 

13 

1829  .  . 

Nov. 

1 

1830  .  . 

Jan. 

31 

1831  .  . 

March  12 

1831  .  . 

Feb. 

3 

1832  .  . 

Feb. 

10 

1832  .  . 

Feb. 

17 

,  1832  .  . 

Feb. 

17 

,  1832  .  . 

Marcb 

2 

,  1832  .  . 

Dec. 

24 

,  1832  .  . 

Oct. 

22 

,  1834  .  . 

Dec. 

31 

,  1834  .  . 

Dec. 

31 

,  1834  .  . 

March  19 

,  1835  .  . 

Jan. 

21 

, 1836  .  . 

March  30 

1837  .  . 

March  13 

1838  .  . 

March  24 

1838  .  . 

Feb. 

7 

1839  .  . 

March 

7 

1839  .  . 

April 

24, 

1839  .  . 

Dec. 

31, 

1839  .  . 

Jan. 

23, 

1840  .  . 

Feb. 

13, 

1840  .  . 

March 

18, 

1840  .  . 

Of  Qualification. 


March27,  1824. 


March28,  1825. 
Marchl9,  1825. 
Jan.  15,  1828. 
Jan.  19,1828. 
Appointed  before. 


April  4,  1831. 
Feb.    10,  1832. 

Feb.    29,  1832. 

March  14,  1832. 
Jan.  30,  1833. 

Feb.  20,  1835. 
Jan.  26,1835. 

Feb.  6,  1836. 
April  7,  1 837. 
April  14,  1838. 
April  7,  1838. 
Feb.  26,  1839. 
April  24,  1839. 


Jan.     28,1840. 


*  Justices  of  the  peace  and  quorum. 


22^ 


254 


POLITICAL   HISTORY. 


Names. 

Elijah  Vose 

Ebenezer  W.  Adams* . 

John  Gowen 

Nathan  D.  Rice*  .  .  . 
John  W.  Lindley*  .  . 
Phillips  C.  Harding  .  . 
Nathan  B.  Robbins  .  . 
Nathan  Bachelder  *  .  . 
William  Gleason 
Elisha  E.Rice*. 
Daniel  F.  Harding 
Asa  Master  f.  .  . 
Willard  Robbins 
Edward  Hills  .  . 
William  Gleason 
Asa  Messer  *  .  . 
Hiram  Dorman* 
Nelson  Cutler  *  . 
M.  R.  Hopkins* 
Elijah  Vose*  .  . 
John  Gowen  .  .  . 
John  Goodwin  *  . 


Dates  of  Commissions. 


Oct.  8, 
Feb.  18, 
March  12, 
June  25, 
Jan.  22, 
Feb.  24, 
March  3, 
June  2 1 , 
Feb.  2, 
June  21, 
Feb.  22, 
Feb.  22, 
Feb.  22, 
Feb.  22, 
March  14, 
March  15, 
Jan.  15, 
Jan. 
May 
Nov. 
May 


15, 
2, 
2, 
1, 


May  26, 


1840 
1841 
1841 
1841 
1842 
1842 
1842 
1843 
1843 
1843 
1844 
1844 
1844 
1844 
1844 
1844 
1845 
1845 
1846 
1847 
1848 
1848 


Of  Qualification. 

April     5,1841. 
April     5,1841. 

Feb.      7,  1842. 

April     9,1842. 

Oct.       6,  1843. 


April  18,  1844. 
April     3,1844. 

Feb.  6,  1845. 

May  15,  1846. 

Nov.  11,1847. 

June  10,  1848. 


Jan.  28, 1825,  Nathaniel  Robbins  was  commissioned 
to  qualify  civil  officers. 

CORONEK. 

Dec.  18,  1809.  Ebenezer  Alden. 
May  5,  1810.  Ebenezer  Alden. 
Feb.     1,1827.    Ebenezer  Alden. 


POST-OFFICES  AND  POSTMASTERS. 

The  first  post-office  was  established  in  1810,  through 
the  influence  of  the  Hon.  Mark  Langdon  Hill,  on  con- 
dition that  it  should  be  without  expense  to  the  govern- 
ment. Accordingly,  for  many  years,  the  postmasters, 
though  they  made  quarterly  returns  to  the  General 
Post  Office,  were  entitled  to  all  the  money  received  by 
them.     At  their  own  expense,  they  sent  for  the  mail 

*  Justices  of  the  peace  and  quorum, 
t  Error  for  Asa  Messer. 


POST-OFFICES   AND    POSTMASTERS. 


,255 


to  "Waldoborough  or  Warren.  It  was  generally- 
brought  in  saddle-bags  on  horseback,  once  or  twice  a 
week.  William  White  was  the  first  postmaster,  and 
held  the  office  till  he  removed  to  Belfast.  He  was 
succeeded  by  Ebenezer  Alden,  whose  commission 
was  dated  Jan.  19,  1813.  During  the  greater  part  of 
Mr.  Alden's  administration,  the  business  was  transacted 
by  deputies,  residing  on  the  Common.  He  held  the 
office  for  the  long  period  of  thirty-two  years.  When 
the  rates  of  postage  were  reduced  in  1845,  he  resigned, 
and  was  succeeded,  Aug.  12,  by  Jesse  Wentworth  Pay- 
son.  Mr.  Payson  was  removed,  and  succeeded  by 
Edward  HiUs,  Esq.,  May  11,  1849. 

QUARTERLY    STATEMENTS    OF    POSTAGE, 

From  which  must  be  deducted  Dead  Letters,  Papers,   Pamphlets,  S{c.,  which  average 
perhaps  four  per  cent. 


Year. 

First  Quarter. 

Second  Quarter. 

Third  Quarter. 

Fourth  Quarter. 

1821. 



$25.20 

$l7.93i 

$21.74i 

1822. 

$19.04^ 

17.94 

20.20 

20.62 

1823. 

23.85i 

20.11i 

17.62 

15.99.^ 

1824. 

24.63 

19.59 

21.96 

21.87 

1825. 

23.70 

30.34 

27.67 

26.63 

1826. 

28.58 

28.50 

27.85 

33.01 

1827. 

25.83 

25.93 

25.95 

25.91 

1828. 

28.82 

25.71 

21.46 

25.99 

1829. 

25.83 

30.42 

25.59 

23.08 

1830. 

23.30 

24.74 

31.22 

23.86 

1831. 

28.84^ 

35.08 

36.561 

30.171 

1832. 

29.75 

37.091 

46.55.i 

36.80 

1833. 

39.90 

43.334 

29.074 

31.60i 

1834. 

39.061 

38.52 

33.201 

29.891 

1835. 

39.941 

42.65 

39.594 

37.77 

1836. 

40.051- 

42.66i 

45.54 

46.10.i 

1837.  , 

41.42r 

46.62 

47.25 

42.55i 

1838. 

52.14' 

56.25i 

51.44 

50.74 

1839. 

56.684 

50.131 

62.204 

56.33 

1840. 

72.14i 

48.19 

53.664 

65.611 

1841. 

76.521 

63.82 

66.831 

74.62 

1842. 

89.98 

76.331 

62.26i 

60.63 

1843. 

70.73 

73.524 

66.03 

68.45 

1844. 

73.82i 

74.15 

75.34 

51.32 

1845. 

81.07 

73.41 

31.54 

28.15 

1846. 

62.59 

70.80 

70.50 

70.25 

1847. 

82.13 

73.18 

93.40 

82.73 

1848. 

85.53 

85.94 

85.18 

85.00 

1849. 

91.47 

— 

— 

— 

256  FINANCIAL  HISTORY. 

A  post-office  was  established  at  East  Union,  Feb.  28, 
1849,  and  Joshua  S.  Greene  appointed  postmaster, 
He  resigned  Nov.  1,  1849,  when  he  was  succeeded  by 
E.  G.  D.  Beveridge,  Esq. 

Feb.  12,  1851,  Capt.  Samuel  Stone  was  appointed 
postmaster  of  the  North  Union  Post  Office,  which  was 
opened  March  3,  1851,  near  Fossetts'  Mills. 


CHAP  TEH    XXVIII. 


FINANCIAL    HISTORY. 

Taxes.  —  Early  Apportionment  of  Taxes.  —  Controversy  with  War- 
ren.—  Petition  to  the  Legislature  in  1780.  —  Petition  to  the 
Legislature  in  1783.  — Plantation  Taxes.  — Taxes  since  the  Incor- 
poration. —  Taxes  paid  in  Produce.  —  Exemption  of  Philip  Rob- 
bins,  jun.  —Table.  — Adams's  Petition  to  the  Legislature  in  1794. 
—  State  of  the  Finances  in  1795.  —  Dollars  and  Cents.  —  Taking 
the  Valuation.  —  Payment  of  Taxes. 

TAXES. 

Early  Apportionment.  —  There  is  a  tradition,  that, 
soon  after  the  settlement  of  the  plantation,  it  was 
thought  advisable  to  levy  a  tax.  The  population  was 
very  small.  The  assessor  of  the  taxes,  who  it  seems 
was  also  collector,  not  being  expert  in  figures  or  pen- 
manship, verbally  informed  the  tax-payers  of  the 
amount  which  he  apportioned  to  each ;  and  they 
readily  paid  him,  without  even  the  formality  of  taking 
receipts.  If  this  be  true,  the  golden  age  of  tax-paying 
without  grumbling  has  long  since  passed  away.  But 
it  is  to  be  feared  that  such  a  happy  state  of  things 
never  existed. 

Controversy  with  Warren.  —  The  earliest  au- 
thentic information  which  has  been  found  is  contained 
in  a  copied  volume  of  the  records  of  Warren.  Capt. 
Mc  In  tyre  was  constable  of  Warren  in  1779.  Nov.  9, 
1780,  the  inhabitants  of  that  town  voted,  that  "  Capt. 


PETITIONS   TO    THE   LEGISLATURE.  257 

Mclntyre  proceed  according  to  law  in  collecting  the 
taxes  committed  to  him  to  collect."  Nov.  30,  1780, 
Moses  Copeland,  William  Lermond,  and  Robert 
Montgomery,  were  chosen  a  committee  "  to  treat  and 
agree  with  Mr.  Philip  Robbins  of  Union  respecting 
the  collecting  of  taxes ; "  and  they  "  were  empowered 
to  sign  arbitration-bonds  with  him  in  behalf  of  the 
town." 

Petition  to  the  Legislature  in  1780.  —  The  next 
information  is  from  a  document  found  in  the  office  of 
the  Secretary  of  the  Commonwealth  of  Massachusetts. 
As  it  contains  incidental  information  of  interest,  it  is 
printed  entire :  — 

"  To  the  Honorable  the  Senate  and  House  of  Representa- 
tives of  the  Commonwealth  of  Massachusetts,  Dec.  1780. 
"  The  petition  of  the  subscribers,  inhabitants  of  a  planta- 
tion called  Sterlingtown,  in  the  county  of  Lincoln,  humbly 
showeth,  —  That  the  said  Sterlingtown  is  an  entire  new  set- 
tlement, consisting  of  nine  families  and  a  few  single  men. 

"  That  three  ^  of  the  said  families  have  been  settled  about 
four  years,  two^  about  three  years,  and  none  of  the  others 
more  than  one  year ;  and  several  of  them  obliged  as  yet  to 
depend  on  their  friends  at  the  Westward  for  support. 

"  That  Sterlingtown,  and  the  settlements  therein,  are 
situate  at  a  great  distance  from  any  other  settlement. 

"  That  we  have  no  other  way  of  passing  to  said  planta- 
tion from  other  settlements  only  through  the  woods,  or  up 
St.  George's  River,  part  of  the  way  by  water  and  part  by 
land  ;  but  the  passing  that  way  is  prevented  nearly  six  weeks 
every  spring  and  fall  by  reason  of  the  ice. 

"  That  we  have  waited  on  the  inhabitants  of  the  town  of 
Warren  (by  our  committee  chosen  for  that  purpose),  request- 
ing them  to  lay  out  a  road  through  the  woods  from  the  set- 
tlements in  their  town  to  the  line  between  said  Warren  and 
Sterlingtown ;  but  they  utterly  refused  to  have  any  thing  to 
do  about  said  road,  but  only  would  consent  that  we  might 
clear  out  a  road  (without  the  same  being  laid  out),  the 
length  whereof  would  be  about  six  miles,  as  it  must  run, 

^  Philip  Robbins,  David  Bobbins,  and  Richard  Cummings,  in  1776. 
'  Probably,  Ezra  Bowen  and  John  Butler,  in  1777. 


258  FINANCIAL   HISTORY. 

crossing  St.  George's  River  twice  in  its  way,  which  would 
require  two  large  bridges. 

"  That,  in  December,  A.D.  1778,  a  large  barn  belonging 
to  Mr.  Robbins,  in  which  was  stored  almost  all  the  grain 
raised  that  year  by  the  [then]  inhabitants  of  the  place,  was 
consumed  by  fire,  with  twenty  tons  of  hay ;  which  brought 
the  inhabitants  into  great  want,  and  occasioned  the  loss  of 
ten  head  of  cattle  that  winter. 

"  That  we  lie  exposed,  as  a  frontier  settlement,  to  the 
scouting  parties  of  the  enemy  from  Majorbagaduce,  who,  often 
passing  this  way,  keep  us  in  continued  alarm  ;  and,  by  order  of 
Gen.  Wadsworth,  we  have  the  summer  past,  and  yet  do  keep 
up  a  watch  and  scouting  party  to  discover  and  detect  them. 

"  And  lastly,  notwithstanding  all  these  our  difficult  cir- 
cumstances and  sufferings,  we  were  taxed  by  the  assessors  of 
Warren  in  the  year  1779  ;  and  they  seem  further  determined 
to  assess  us  in  all  the  taxes. 

"  Wherefore  your  petitioners  humbly  pray  your  Excellency 
and  Honors  to  take  our  case  under  your  wise,  just,  and 
paternal  consideration,  and  grant  that  we  may  be  exempted 
from  paying  taxes  until  we  are  in  circumstances  to  bear  the 
burden  thereof.    And,  as  in  duty  bound,  shall  ever  pray,  &c. 


RiCHAUD  Comings. 
MosEs  Hawes. 
Ezra  Bowen. 
John  Butler. 
Phinehas  Butler. 
Joel  Adams. 


David  Bobbins. 
Ebenezer  Robbins. 
Jesse  Robbins. 
Mason  Wheaton. 
Philip  Robbins." 


[Consequently],  "  On  the  petition  of  the  inhabitants  of  the 
town  of  Sterlington,  in  the  county  of  Lincoln,  Resolved 
[May  11,  1781]  that  the  town  of  Warren,  in  the  county  of 
Lincoln,  be  directed  to  pay  to  the  inhabitants  of  Sterlington 
such  taxes  as  they  have  taxed  and  received  of  said  town  ;  and 
the  said  town  of  Warren  is  further  directed  not  to  tax  the 
inhabitants  of  Sterlington  until  the  further  order  of  the  Gene- 
ral Court,  any  law  to  the  contrary  notwithstanding." 

petition  to  the  legislature  in  1783. 

*'  To  the  Honorable  the  Senate  and  House  of  Representa- 
tives of  the  Commonwealth  of  Massachusetts,  Sept.  1783. 
"  The  petition  of  the  inhabitants  of  the  plantation  called 

Sterlingtown,  in  the  county  of  Lincoln,  showeth,  —  That 


PETITIONS   TO   THE   LEGISLATURE.  259 

your  petitioners  feel  themselves  insupportably  burdened  by 
being  heavily  taxed,  and  exposed  to  execution,  considering 
the  smallness  of  our  number  now,  being  only  seventeen 
ratable  polls,  though  we  have  had  twenty-seven  ;  the  new- 
ness of  our  settlements,  and  being  in  the  wilderness  at  a 
great  distance  from  other  inhabitants  (though  bordering  on 
other  incorporated  towns,  through  the  uninhabited  parts 
whereof  we  have  not  as  yet  been  able  to  procure  any  roads), 
our  sufferings  by  fire  and  from  the  war,  and  our  having  been 
taxed  as  adjacent  inhabitants  to  another  town  ;  all  which  we 
have  largely  set  forth  in  former  petitions  to  the  Honorable 
Court.  Add  to  these,  that  we  have  no  power  or  authority 
amongst  ourselves  to  assess  and  collect  a  tax,  though  it  has 
been  requested  of  the  Court  of  General  Sessions  of  the 
Peace  in  this  county. 

*'  Wherefore  your  petitioners  humbly  pray,  that  our  taxes 
may  be  abated  until  we  are  in  circumstances  of  ability  equal 
to  our  other  brethren  in  the  commonwealth,  and  then  we 
will  gladly  pay  our  proportion ;  and  that  we  then  may  be 
invested  with  proper  authority  to  assess  and  collect  the 
same.  And  your  petitioners,  as  in  duty  bound,  shall  ever 
pray,  &c. 


*'  Philip  Robbins. 
Ebenezer  Robbins. 
Ezra  Bowen. 
John  Butler. 
Joel  Adams. 
Moses  Hawses. 
Richard  Comings. 


David  Robbins. 
Jessa  Bobbins. 
Abijah  Havtes. 
Matthias  Hawse. 
Jason  Ware. 
Phinehas  Butler." 


"  Resolve  on  the  petition  of  the  inhabitants  of  the  planta- 
tion called  Sterlington,  directing  the  treasurer  to  stay  his 
execution,  March  20,  1784  :  — 

"  On  the  petition  of  the  inhabitants  of  the  plantation  called 
Sterlington,  in  the  county  of  Lincoln,  setting  forth  that  they 
have  been  taxed  in  two  continental  taxes,  and  the  last 
[State]  tax,  the  sum  of  twenty-five  pounds  each,  and  repre- 
senting their  inability  to  pay  the  same,  — 

"  Therefore  resolved,  that  the  prayer  of  the  petitioners  be 
so  far  granted  that  the  treasurer  of  this  commonwealth  be, 
and  he  hereby  is,  directed  to  stay  his  execution  upon  the 
said  inhabitants  until  the  expiration  of  twelve  months  from 
the  date  hereof." 


260  FINANCIAL   HISTORY. 

Plantation  Taxes.  —  In  accordance  with  an  Act  of 
the  Legislature  of  Massachusetts,  passed  July  9, 1784, 
for  apportioning  and  assessing  a  tax  of  .£140,000,  for 
the  sole  purpose  of  redeeming  the  army  notes,  issued 
pursuant  to  an  Act,  passed  July  5, 1781,  payable  in  the 
years  1784  and  1785 ;  and  for  raising  the  further  sum 
of  .£11,035.  6s.  6d.  for  the  purpose  of  replacing  the 
same  sum,  which  had  been  paid  out  of  the  treasury  to 
the  representatives  for  their  attendance  on  the  five  last 
sessions  of  the  General  Court;  viz.  from  November, 
1782,  to  March,  1784,  —  the  plantation  of  Sterlington 
was  taxed  £17.  10s. 

The  next  attempt  at  taxation  seems  to  have  been 
made  in  consequence  of  the  tax-act  of  the  Legislature, 
passed  March  23,  1786.  The  object  of  this  was  to 
raise  £300,439.  Is.  3d.:  viz.,  £145,655  to  meet  the 
requisition  of  Congress,  made  Sept.  27,  1785;  for 
£25,784.  Is.  3d.  for  the  support  of  government ; 
£29,000  for  the  payment  of  interest  on  the  consoli- 
dated notes  of  the  State;  and  £100,000  for  redeeming 
the  remainder  of  the  army  notes,  so  called,  which  be- 
came payable  in  1784  and  1785;  and  £1,786  not  pro- 
vided for;  and  also  £11,001.  18s.  to  replace  the  same 
sum  drawn  out  of  the  treasury,  to  pay  the  members  of 
the  House  of  Representatives  for  their  attendance  the 
five  last  sessions  of  the  General  Court.  The  apportion- 
ment for  Stirlington  was  £65 ;  ^  and  the  warrant  issued 
May  3, 1786,  by  Mason  Wheaton,  Esq.,  of  Thomaston, 
gives  an  additional  memorandum  of  £2.  lis.  for  the 
county  tax,  and  £1.  12s.  4|d.  for  soldiers'  bounty. 

These  appear  to  be  all  the  recorded  notices  respect- 
ing taxes,  before  the  incorporation  of  the  town.     The 

*  By  way  of  comparison,  it  may  be  observed,  that  the  apportion- 
ment to  Pittston  was  £285.  12s.  6d.;  to  Medumcook,  £175.  18s.  9d. ; 
to  Belfast,  £78.  8s.  9d.;  to  Camden.  £98.  2s.  6d.;  to  Hallowell,  £473. 
2s.  6d. ;  these  towns  and  plantations  not  being  assessed  for  the  pay- 
ment of  representatives.  The  apportionment  to  Bristol  was  £715, 
also  £67.  4s.  for  payment  of  representatives;  to  Warren,  £223.  2s. 
6d.,  also  £25.  4s.;  to  Thomaston,  £204.  7s.  6d.,  also  £57.  15s.;  and 
to  Bath,  £498.  2s.  6d.,  also  £39.  lis.  for  the  payment  of  representa- 
tives. 


I    UNIV5RSITY 
TAXES  SINCE  H^^ms^Mnsto^. 


261 


£65  levied  by  the  last  Act  led  the  inhabitants  to  make 
an  application  to  the  Legislature,  which  resulted  in 
the  Act  of  Incorporation. 

Taxes  since  the  Incorporation.  —  Since  the  town 
has  been  incorporated,  the  taxes,  so  far  as  can  be  as- 
certained from  obscure  and  imperfect  records,  are  as 
follows;  probably  including  school-money,  except  in 
the  years  1787  —  1803, 1805,  1808,  1809,  and  1814:  — 


1787,  £10 

1803,  $250 

1819,  $1200 

1835,  $1300 

1788,  £10 

1804,  $550 

1820,  $1200 

1836,  $1300 

1789,  £15 

1805,  $350 

1821,  $1100 

1837,  $2500 

1790,  £15 

1806,  $800 

1822,  $1100 

1838,  $2000 

1791,  £15 

1807,  $800 

1823,  $1100 

1839,  $2000 

1792,  £15 

1808,  $400 

1824,  $1500 

1840,  $2500 

1793,  £15 

1809,  $250 

1825,  $1200 

1841,  $1500 

1794,  £10 

1810,  $1100 

1826,  $1300 

1842,  $1800 

1795,   — 

1811,  $1000 

1827,  $1000 

1843,  $2500 

1796,  $150 

1812,  $750 

1828,  $1000 

1844,  $2000 

1797,  $50 

1813,  $600 

1829,  $1100 

1845,  $1600 

1798,  $100 

1814,  $250 

1830,  $1000 

1846,  $1500 

1799,  $100 

1815,  $775 

1831,  $1250 

1847,  $1600 

1800,  $120 

1816,  $900 

1832,  $1000 

1848,  $1500 

1801,  $200 

1817,  $900 

1833,  $1000 

1849,  $1500 

1802,  f  150 

1818,  $1050 

1834,  $1200 

1850,  $1500 

Taxes  paid  in  Produce.  —  The  pecuniary  distress 
of  the  country,  and  the  poverty  and  hardships  of  the 
early  settlers,  compelled  them  to  resort  to  all  practica- 
ble means  for  relief.  As  for  specie,  it  may  be  said, 
that,  during  many  years,  it  was  hardly  seen.  When 
it  was  required  for  taxes,  the  only  way  to  get  it  was  to 
trap  and  hunt,  and  send  the  furs  to  Boston  for  sale. 
The  tax  for  1787  was  only  £10.  But  it  had  not  been 
paid  July  14,  1788 ;  for  then  the  vote  of  April,  1787, 
was  reconsidered;  and  it  was  voted  that  the  town 
should  have  the  privilege  of  paying  "town-charges 
and  schooling  at  the  following  prices  in  produce,  in 
lieu  of  specie :  Rye  at  4s.  6d.  per  bushel,  flax  at  8d.  per 
pound,  butter  at  8d.  per  pound,  and  wool  at  2s."  This 
plan,  it  seems,  did  not  work  well;  for  it  was  recon- 
sidered Sept.  13,  and  the  town  voted  "  to  have  it  paid 
in  specie." 

23 


262 


FINANCIAL  HISTORY. 


When  the  grant  for  town-charges  was  made  April  6, 
1789,  a  vote  was  also  passed  that  it  might  be  "  paid 
in  produce  at  the  following  prices,  if  paid  by  the  15th 
of  November ;  if  not,  must  be  paid  in  specie :  Rye, 
4s.  6d.  per  bushel ;  sheep's  wool,  2s.  per  pound ;  flax, 
8d.  per  pound;  butter,  8d.  per  pound;  and  boards, 
staves,  and  shingles,  at  market-prices."  It  was  also 
voted  that  ten  pounds  should  be  paid  in  the  same  way 
"  to  procure  schooling ;  to  be  laid  out  at  the  discretion 
of  the  selectmen."  April  4,  1791,  it  was  again  voted 
that  the  taxes  might  be  paid  in  produce,  at  the  prices 
affixed  in  1789,  "the  produce  to  be  merchantable." 
Oct.  26,  an  unsuccessful  effort  was  made  to  reconsider 
the  vote  of  April  4,  with  a  view  to  have  a  part  of  the 
amount  paid  in  specie. 

Exemption  of  Philip  Robbins,  Jun.  —  "  March  7, 
1791,  agreeable  to  the  request  of  Mr.  Philip  Robbins, 
jun.,  voted  that  Mr.  Philip  Robbins,  jun.,  shall  have  his 
taxes  for  the  year  1790,  and  not  be  assessed  for  the  year 
1791,^  as  a  bounty  for  having  two  children  at  a  birth." 


TA 

BIE. 

NUMBER. 

1793. 

1794. 

1795. 

1796. 

1797. 

1798. 

1799. 

1800. 

1840. 

1843. 

Polls 

50 

48i 

58 

79 

96 

lOOJ 

13U 

129 

346 

348 

Houses 

13 

16 

20 

26 

32 

36 

42 

62 

250 

241 

Barns 

14 

17 

19 

22 

28 

34 

36 

42 

262 

228 

Saw-mills  .... 

3 

3 

4 

4 

4 

1 

3 

3 

8 

8 

Grist-mills.    .    .    . 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

5* 

4t 

Horses  and  colts     . 

12 

14 

19 

22 

25 

33 

37 

.53 

255 

228 

Oxen 

54 

56 

66 

71 

84 

85 

104 

1001 
236' 

Cows 



no 

]19 

140 

147 

165 

208 

1459 

1443 

Two-year-olds    .    . 

— 

42 

51 

43 

38 

76 

72 

62f 

Yearlings  .... 

— 

37 

52 

47 

83 

66 

57 

47 

Swine 

79 

73 

76 

84 

107 

114 

123 

109 

363 

195 

ADAMS  S    PETITION. 


"  To  the  Honorable  Senate  and  House  of  Representatives 
in  General  Court  assembled. 
"  The  petition  of  Joel  Adams,  of  Union,  in  the  county  of 
Lincoln,  humbly  shows,  —  That  he  was  appointed  collector 


'  The  earliest  tax-bill  preserved  is  for  the  year  1791. 
1792  is  probably  destroyed. 

*  With  twelve  pairs  of  stones, 
t  With  ten  pairs  of  stones. 


The  one  for 


ADAMS' S   PETITION.  263 

of  State- tax,  No.  5,  in  said  town  of  Union,  which  was  com- 
mitted to  him  in  the  year  1786.  That,  at  that  time,  the 
inhabitants  of  the  town  were  few  in  number,  and  very  poor. 
Remote  from  navigation,  they  are  destitute  of  the  common 
means  of  procuring  money  on  the  eastern  shore.  That  sun- 
dry persons  were  assessed  in  said  tax  who  paid  the  same  in 
the  towns  they  respectively  came  from ;  and  that  sundry 
others  left  the  town  before  the  petitioner  had  opportunity  of 
collecting  their  respective  rates.  That,  owing  to  these  and 
other  unfortunate  circumstances,  he  has  been  able  to  collect 
but  a  small  part  of  said  tax,  though  he  has  been  at  great 
pains  and  expense  in  attempting  it ;  and  that  he  has  sus- 
tained considerable  loss  on  what  he  has  collected,  as  he  was 
obliged  to  take  it  of  the  inhabitants  in  articles  other  than 
money ;  and  that,  as  to  a  great  part  of  the  residue,  he 
utterly  despairs  of  ever  being  able  to  collect  it  of  the  persons 
assessed. 

"  Further  shows  that  the  sheriff  of  the  county  now  holds 
an  execution  against  your  petitioner  for  the  sum  he  is  defi- 
cient on  said  tax,  being  about  forty-five  pounds,  which,  if 
extended,  will  reduce  him  and  his  family  to  great  inconve- 
nience and  want. 

*'  Your  petitioner,  therefore,  prays  your  Honors  to  take  his 
case  into  your  wise  and  good  consideration,  and  order  such 
relief  as  your  Honors  in  your  wisdom  shall  think  fit. 

"  And  your  petitioner,  as  in  duty  bound,  shall  ever  pray. 

"Joel  Adams. 

"Union,  June  3,  1794." 

The  preceding  application  led  to  a  — 

"Resolve  on  the  petition  of  Joel  Adams,  collector  for  the 
town  of  Union. 

"  On  the  petition  of  Joel  Adams,  a  collector  of  the  tax 
No.  5,  in  the  town  of  Union,  for  the  year  1786,  praying  for 
relief  respecting  said  tax,  which  amounted  to  the  sum  of 
sixty-five  pounds,  one-third  part  of  which  he  has  paid  into 
the  treasury,  and  execution  is  now  in  the  hands  of  the 
sheriff"  of  the  county  of  Lincoln  for  the  remainder  :  — 

"  Resolved,  for  reasons  set  forth  in  said  petition,  that  the 
prayer  thereof  be  so  far  granted  that  the  sum  of  twenty 
pounds,  part  of  the  balance  now  due  from  the  said  Joel 
Adams  to  this  Commonwealth,  be  laid  out  in  "repairing  the 


264  FINANCIAL  HISTORY. 

public  roads  and  bridges  in  said  town  of  Union  ;  and,  upon  a 
certificate  of  the  selectmen  of  the  said  town  of  Union  being 
returned  into  the  treasury  ofiice  of  this  Commonwealth, 
within  nine  months  from  the  passing  of  this  resolve,  that  the 
said  sum  has  been  so  expended,  the  treasurer  thereof  is 
hereby  ordered  and  directed  to  pass  to  the  credit  of  the  said 
town  of  Union  the  balance  due  from  the  said  Joel  Adams, 
as  collector  for  the  said  town  of  Union ;  and  the  sheriff  of 
the  said  county  of  Lincoln  is  hereby  ordered  and  directed 
not  to  levy  the  said  execution  on  the  said  Joel  Adams,  for 
the  balance  aforesaid,  until  the  expiration  of  twelve  months 
from  the  date  hereof." 

State  of  the  Finances.^  —  April  6,  1795,  Jason 
Ware,  Joseph  Maxcy,  and  Amariah  Mero,  were  chosen 
a  committee  to  examine  into  the  state  of  the  town- 
finances.  They  reported,  May  6, 1795,  that  "  there  was 
due  from  the  several  collectors  to  the  town,  X146. 
12s.  6d. ;  and  that  there  was  due  from  the  town  to 
several  of  the  inhabitants,  c£29.  6s."  It  was  imme- 
diately "  voted  not  to  grant  any  money  for  town- 
charges,  as  there  appears  to  be  enough  due  the  town." 
It  was  also  "voted  not  to  grant  any  money  for  the 
meeting-house." 

Dollars  and  Cents.  —  At  this  time,  it  is  observa- 
ble that  the  taxes  are  reckoned  by  dollars  instead  of 
pounds.  This  was  in  conformity  with  an  Act  of  the 
Legislature  of  Massachusetts,  passed  Feb.  25,  1795, 
ordering  that,  after  the  first  day  of  the  following  Sep- 
tember, "  the  money  of  account  of  this  commonwealth 
shall  be  the  dollar,  cent,  and  mille ;  and  all  accounts  in 
the  public  offices,  &c.,  shall  be  kept  and  had  in  con- 
formity to  this  regulation." 

*  April  4, 1791,  it  was  voted  that  "the  assessors  may  put  all  town- 
taxes  in  one  tax-bill,  except  the  highway-tax." 

In  1812,  a  statement  in  behalf  of  the  town  was  made  to  the  Lejs;is- 
lature  by  William  White  and  Nathan  Blake,  that  thirty  polls  had 
been  added  to  the  number  which  had  been  returned  for  the  State 
valuation. 

Nov.  28,  1814,  Nathaniel  Robbins,  Simeon  Butters,  and  Joseph 
Morse,  were  chosen  to  consult  the  principal  assessor  of  the  Direct  Tax 
for  the  Third  Collection  District,  for  the  purpose  of  having  the 
tax  better  proportioned  among  the  different  towns  in  the  district. 


VALUATION. — PAYMENT  OF  TAXES.       265 

Taking  the  Valuation.  —  April  3,  1815,  an  unsuc- 
cessful effort  was  made  to  "  order  the  assessors  to  take 
the  valuation  under  oath ; "  but,  in  April,  1835,  it  was 
voted  that  it  should  be  done.  A  list  of  suspected  per- 
sons was  made  out ;  but  it  was  too  much  trouble  to 
test  all  the  inhabitants.  April  6, 1846,  upon  an  article 
"  to  see  if  the  town  will  instruct  the  assessors  to  go  all 
together,  and  take  the  valuation,"  it  was  "  vpted  that 
they  do  not  go  together  to  take  the  valuation." 

Payment  of  Taxes.  —  In  1834,  "  Voted  that  the 
treasurer  be  collector  of  taxes,  and  that  all  those  who 
pay  in  their  taxes  to  said  collector  within  thirty  days 
from  the  time  he  receives  the  bills  from  the  assessors, 
shall  have  ten  per  cent  discount  on  said  taxes ;  and  all 
those  who  pay  their  taxes  in  sixty  days,  as  aforesaid, 
shall  have  five  per  cent  discount ;  and  all  those  who 
pay  their  taxes  in  one  hundred  and  twenty-five  days, 
as  aforesaid,  shall  have  two  and  a  half  per  cent  dis- 
count on  said  taxes."  In  1839,  probably  to  promote 
the  promptness  of  payment  by  the  collector,  as  well 
as  the  tax-payers,  it  was  ordered  that  the  taxes  should 
"  be  collected  within  the  year  from  the  time  the  "  col- 
lector received  the  tax-bills. 

April,  1841,  voted  "  that  the  money  be  paid  into  the 
treasurer  the  ensuing  year ;  and  that  he  give  notice  to 
the  town  immediately  on  receiving  the  bill,  by  posting 
notices  at  the  places  for  notifying  town-meetings.  And 
all  moneys  paid  in  within  sixty  days  from  the  date  of 
said  notice  shall  receive  six  per  cent  discount ;  one  hun- 
dred and  twenty  days,  four  per  cent ;  one  hundred  and 
eighty  days,  two  per  cent;  and,  after  that  time,  the 
treasurer  proceed  to  collect  the  remainder  according  to 
law,  and  within  one  year  from  receiving  the  bills,  if  pos- 
sible." 


23< 


266  FINANCIAL   HISTORY. 


CHAPTER    XXIX. 

FINANCIAL  HISTORY. 

(Concluded.) 

Reed's  Case.  —  Surplus  Revenue.  —  Paupers.  —  Warning  out  of  Town. 
—  Maintenance  of  the  Poor. 

REED'S  CASE. 

In  the  early  settlement  of  the  town,  there  was  consid- 
erable difficulty  respecting  the  taxes  on  wild  land  and 
the  property  of  non-residents.  A  warrant  issued  for  a 
meeting,  Jan.  4,  1790,  contains  three  articles  on  this 
subject:  — 

1.  "To  know  in  what  manner  the  collectors  shall  proceed 
with  regard  to  the  taxes  now  in  their  hands  unsettled, 
against  Josiah  Reed,^  non-resident  proprietor  of  wild  land 
in  this  town.  2.  To  see  if  the  town  will  indemnify  the  col- 
lectors, if  they  proceed  to  distrain  the  goods  or  chattels, 
lands  or  tenements  of  the  said  Josiah  Reed,  according  to 
their  different  tax-hills.  3.  To  see  if  the  town  think  it 
necessary  for  some  person  to  advise  with  some  gentleman, 
respecting  the  taxes,  to  know  whether  they  will  stand  in 
law  as  they  are  now  made,  before  the  collector  shall  proceed 
to  distrain  for  them."  "  Voted  to  accept  of  all  the  taxes  as 
they  are  now  assessed  by  the  assessors  chosen  in  Union,  since 
the  town  was  incorporated."  "  Voted  that  the  assessors  pe- 
tition the  General  Court  to  establish  the  taxes  as  they  are 
now  assessed." 

June  25,  1790,  "Voted  that  Mr.  Josiah  Reed  shall  have 
liberty,  if  he  will  find  all  the  plank  necessary  for»tlie  bridge 
across  the  main  river,  and  twenty  days'  work  on  said  bridge, 
then  he  shall  have  liberty  to  work  the  remaining  part  of  his 
highway-taxes  elsewhere,  as  he  shall  think  proper,  on  roads 

^  Josiah  Reed  was  Dr.  Taylor's  son-in-law ;  and  his  daughter  mar- 
ried Henry,  son  of  Major-General  Henry  Knox.  In  1798  and  1799, 
he  was  representative  from  Thomaston  to  the  Massachusetts  Legisla- 
ture. 


267 

to  the  northward  of  said  bridge,  that  are  now  laid  out,  or 
may  be  in  the  course  of  this  season,  provided  he  shall  work 
them  this  season." 

Oct.  4,  1790,  an  article  was  introduced  into  town- 
meeting,  "  to  see  if  the  town  will  choose  three  men  to 
examine  the  taxes,  as  was  proposed  by  Mr.  Reed  and 
others."  Samuel  Hills,  Philip  Robbins,  and  Josiah 
Robbins,  were  appointed  a  committee  for  that  purpose. 
They  were  "  empowered  to  agree  with  Mr.  Reed  with- 
out choosing  a  committee  of  indifferent  men,  if  they 
could  upon  any  terms  they  should  think  reasonable. 
If  they  could  not  agree,  then  they  were  to  proceed  and 
choose  a  committee  with  him  to  settle  said  taxes." 
Nov.  8,  1790,  "  after  hearing  the  report  of  the  commit- 
tee, the  town  voted  they  would  have  a  new  commit- 
tee (by  the  old  ones  dismissing  themselves),  namely, 
Samuel  Hills,  Joseph.  Guild,  and  Samuel  Daggett." 
The  meeting  was  adjourned  to  the  next  Friday,  when 
the  report  signed  by  Guild  and  Hills  was  read  as  fol- 
lows :  — 

"  They  found  the  real  value  of  the  wild  land,  as  was 
taxed  in  1788,  £6,627.  14s.;  that  the  third  part  of  the 
value  [was]  £2,209.  5s. ;  that  the  sum  total  for  taxation  in 
1788  was  £3,158.  16s.  The  value  of  Mr.  Reed's  land  for 
taxation  stood  at  two  per  cent,  or  one  third  the  value  was 
1998. 18s. 

"  Mowing  and  tillage  we  have  doubled  from  what  it  was 
in  the  valuation  of  1788.  The  town,  we  find,  granted  for 
highways,  in  1788,  £110;  after  deducting  out  the  polls, 
there  remains  to  be  laid  on  property  £96.  4s.  We  find  that 
Mr.  Reed  was  taxed  according  to  the  valuation  £31.  4s.  4d.; 
and,  by  doubling  the  mowing  and  tillage,  he  has  to  pay  of 
the  above  tax  £30.  2s.  5^d.  We  have  gone  by  the  valua- 
tion of  1788,  and  done  as  nearly  as  we  can  as  was  re- 
commended by  Thomaston  committee,  and  find,  when  the 
abatement  is  made  in  all  his  taxes,  he  is  only  abated  £5.  5s. 
Jd.     We  would  be  understood  it  is  only  on  wild  land  " 

[The  town  voted  they  were  satisfied  with  the  report.]  "  A 
debate  arose  between  Mr.  Reed  and  the  town.  Mr.  Reed 
supposed  the  town  did  not  rightly  understand  the  mind  of 


268  FINANCIAL   HISTORY. 

Thomaston  committee,  and  made  the  following  motion,  viz. 
That  the  town  would  choose  one  or  more  men,  to  go  down 
to  Thomaston  with  him  to  the  committee  to  get  their  opin- 
ion in  writing."  "Voted  that  Mr.  Moses  Hawes  go  down 
with  Mr.  Reed  to  Thomaston  to  the  committee ;  and  the 
committee  are  desired  to  say  how  much  of  his  taxes  are 
abated.  For  which  we  pledge  our  honors  to  abide  their 
judgment.  Mr.  Reed  pledges  his  honor  also.  The  com- 
mittee are  desired  to  give  their  opinion  in,  in  writing." 

Dec.  25,  "  The  report  of  Thomaston  committee  was  read. 
Voted  to  adjourn  to  Jan.  10. 

"  Jan.  10, 1791.  The  inhabitants  met  on  the  adjournment, 
and  gave  the  report  of  Thomaston  committee  the  second 
reading,  and  voted  they  would  accept  of  the  report,  if  they 
would  rectify  two  mistakes,  viz.  To  cross  out  of  their  ver- 
dict one  tax  which  the  town  never  had,  or  rather  they  have 
put  one  in  twice,  and  put  in  No.  8  State-tax  and  a  tax  of 
nine  pound  granted  by  the  town.  Then,  if  they  will  rectify 
these  mistakes,  they  will  be  in  full  accepted."  "  Voted, 
that,  if  Mr.  Josiah  Reed  does  pay  to  the  several  collectors 
the  sums  that  [have  been  adjudged  by]  the  committee  mu- 
tually chosen  by  the  town  and  said  Reed,  then  the  collec- 
tors shall  give  him  a  receipt  in  full  of  the  tax  he  shall  pay." 

May  23,  1791,  the  town  passed  a  vote,  giving  "  orders  to 
the  collectors,  that,  if  Mr.  Reed  pays  them  what  the  commit- 
tee ordered  within  one  month  after  they  have  demanded  or 
shown  him  his  taxes,  they  shall  give  him  a  receipt  in  full  for 
the  whole,  as  they  were  before  they  were  abated  ;  otherwise, 
upon  his  neglecting  or  refusing,  to  distrain  for  the  whole,  as 
they  were  on  the  rate-strikes  before  the  committee  abated 
them."i 

Mr.  Reed  still  declined  paying  his  taxes.  His  land 
was  put  up  at  auction,  and  bid  off  by  Samuel  Hills 
for  Mr.  Ichabod  Irish,  who  sold  it  to  Dr.  Webb. 
Finally,  the  land  being  sold  irregularly,  the  town  had 

^  At  the  same  meeting  it  was  "  voted  that  thirty  pounds  be  raised, 
as  soon  as  may  be,  to  pay  back-taxes."  This  sum  may  have  been  to 
meet  the  deficienc}'-  caused  by  the  reduction  of  Reed's  taxes.  There 
is  no  record  to  show  whether  it  was  ever  collected  or  not. 

Nov.  3,  1794,  there  was  an  article  before  the  town  to  see  if  it  would 
abate  one-half  of  Josiah  Reed's  meeting-house  tax  in  Mr.  Edward 
Jones's  bills."     ••  Voted  not  to  abate  Mr.  Josiah  Reed's  tax." 


SURPLUS   REVENUE.  269 

to  settle  with  Mr.  Irish,  and  lost  the  case,  though  there 
was  no  lawsuit. 

SURPLUS  REVENUE. 

A  surplus  of  public  money  having  accumulated  in 
the  treasury  of  the  United  States,  Congress  voted, 
June  23,  1836,  that  it  should  be  apportioned  among 
the  several  States  of  the  Union,  on  deposit,  until  repay- 
ment thereof  should  be  required  by  the  secretary  of 
the  treasury.  The  Legislature  of  Maine,  Jan.  26, 1837, 
passed  an  Act,  providing  for  the  acceptance  of  that 
portion  of  it  to  which  the  State  was  entitled.  March 
9,  1837,  the  Governor  approved  a  bill,  authorizing  it 
to  be  deposited  with  the  several  towns,  in  proportion 
to  their  population,  on  condition  that,  whenever  it 
should  be  called  for  by  Congress,  it  should  be  re- 
funded within  sixty  days  after  notice.  Selectmen 
were  authorized  to  cause  a  new  census  to  be  taken, 
distinguishing  all  persons  under  the  age  of  four  years ; 
those  of  four  and  under  twenty-one;  and  those  of 
twenty-one  and  upwards,  belonging  to  each  town  on 
the  first  day  of  March,  1837. 

Accordingly,  April  3,  1837,  the  inhabitants  of  Union 
voted  to  receive  their  proportion  of  the  money,  and 
chose  John  Lermond  agent  to  procure  it  of  the  State 
treasurer,  and  "  to  loan  it  to  the  best  advantage, 
upon  such  security  as  the  selectmen  might  approve, 
he  giving  bonds  to  the  town  for  the  faithful  dis- 
charge of  his  duty."  No  persoQ  was  to  have  more 
than  five  hundred  dollars,  provided  there  were  "  other 
good  applications  sufficient  to  take  the  sum.  In- 
terest annually.  The  above  subject  to  be  called  for 
in  sixty  days."  A  verbal  report  made  by  the  agent, 
July  1,  1837,  was  accepted ;  and  he  was  "  directed  to 
give  notice  to  the  subscribers  of  the  several  notes 
holden  by*  him,  sixty  days  previous  to  the  next  April 
meeting,  that  they  may  be  paid  then,  unless  sooner 
called  for  by  the  General  Government."  He  was  also 
instructed  to  get  what  was  still  due  from  the  Govern- 
ment, and  to  keep  it  till  the  town  should  dispose  of  it 


270  FINANCIAL  HISTOKY. 

at  the  September  meeting.  In  September  the  agent 
made  his  report,  and  the  vote  was  that  "  the  money 
remain  in  the  bank,  where  he  has  deposited  it ;  and, 
should  the  fourth  instalment  be  received,  it  be  put  in 
the  bank  also."  But  the  fourth  instalment  never  came. 
The  sum  received  was  $3,500,  from  which  |21.74 
were  deducted  for  expenses. 

April  2,  1838,  John  Lermond,  Peter  Adams,  and 
Phillips  C.  Harding,  were  chosen  to  divide  the  money, 
between  the  first  and  the  tenth  of  May ;  paying  two 
dollars  apiece  to  all  persons  whose  residence  was  in 
town  on  the  first  day  of  March,  1837,  whether  ne- 
glected through  mistake,  or  absent  at  the  time  the 
census  was  taken ;  "  the  remainder  (if  any)  to  be  ap- 
propriated for  schooling."  Three  persons,  who  had 
borrowed  probably  with  the  expectation  that  the  money 
would  not  be  called  for,  made  an  unsuccessful  request 
to  have  an  extension  for  a  year,  more  or  less.  And 
the  special  agent  was  directed  to  "  obtain,  upon  the 
faith  of  the  town,  so  much  of  the  surplus  money  as 
should  be  deficient  on  notes  given  for  said  money  on 
the  seventeenth  day  of  April  instant."  Neither  the 
town  nor  individuals  were  benefited. 

PAUPERS. 

Warning  out  of  Town.  —  Union  has  never  been 
burdened  with  paupers.  There  was  a  custom  of  warn- 
ing "  new  comers "  out  of  town,  in  order  to  prevent 
them  from  gaining  a  residence,  and  consequently  a 
claim  for  support.  In  a  town  in  Massachusetts,  a  se- 
lectman, in  his  official  capacity  as  selectman,  is  said  to 
have  signed  an  order  to  the  constable,  warning  himself 
out  of  town.  The  inhabitants  of  Union,  willing  to  be 
on  the  safe  side,  availed  themselves  of  the  privilege. 
Accordingly,  in  a  warrant  calling  a  town-meeting.  May 
20,  1787,  there  is  an  article  "  to  see  what  'the  town 
will  do  about  warning  out  all  persons  that  appear 
likely  to  be  a  town-charge  hereafter.  Voted  the  se- 
lectmen should  warn  out  all  they  think  necessary." 
Hence  we  find  the  following  records :  — 


PAUPERS.  271 

"  To  the  constable  of  the  town  of  Union,  in  the  county  of 
Lincoln. — You  are  hereby  forthwith  to  warn  Silvester  Prince, 
and  Rhoda  Prince  his  wife,  and  Naaman,  and  Sarah,  Olive, 
and  Susa,  and  Silvester,  their  children,  late  of  Waldobo- 
rough,  in  the  county  of  Lincoln,  as  they  say,  immediately 
to  depart  out  of  the  bounds  of  this  town,  as  they  are  here 
now  residing,  and  like  to  be  a  town-charge.  Hereof  fail  not, 
and  make  due  return  of  this  warrant,  with  your  doings 
thereon,  to  one  or  more  of  the  selectm'en,  or  to  the  town- 
clerk,  as  soon  as  may  be. 

"  Given  under  our  hands,  at  Union,  this  seventeenth  day 
of  December,  in  the  year  of  our  Lord  one  thousand  [seven] 
hundred  and  eighty-seven. 

"  Philip  Bobbins,  )  Selectmen 
"Jason  Wake.         )   of  Union. 
"Union,  Dec.  21,  1787." 

"  By  virtue  of  this  warrant  to  me  directed,  I  have  noti- 
fied and  warned  the  within-named  Silvester  Prince,  and 
Rhoda  Prince  his  wife,  Naaman,  Sarah,  Olive,  Susa,  and 
Silvester,  their  children,  of  the  contents  thereof,  by  reading 
the  same  to  them,  and  warned  them  immediately  to  depart 
out  of  the  bounds  of  said  Union,  as  I  am  directed. 

"  Abijah  Hawes,  Constable." 

At  the  same  date,  Molly  Robbins,  late  of  Fox  Island, 
was  warned  out,  and  so  were  Phinehas  Butler,  and 
Elizabeth  Butler  his  wife,  late  of  Thomaston.  The 
only  other  notice  of  the  kind  on  record  occurred  in 
1789,  and  stands  thus  :  — 

"I  have  warned  Philip  Robbins,  jun.,  an  inhabitant  of 
Senabec,  and  also  Jonathan  Newhall,  of  Warren,  to  depart 
the  bounds  of  this  town,  by  order  of  the  selectmen. 

"Moses  Hawes,  Town-clerk." 

Maintenance  of  the  Poor.  —  March  7, 1803,  David 
Robbins,  Samuel  Hills,  and  Joel  Adams,  were  chosen 
overseers  of  the  poor.  None  have  been  chosen  at  any 
other  time ;  unless  we  except  the  selectmen,  who  were 
particularly  appointed  to  the  office  in  1819,  1822,  and 
1826.  When  any  aid  has  been  wanted,  the  selectmen 
or  the  town  have  been  appealed  to.     Very  few  towns 


272  FINANCIAL  HISTORY. 

have  been  taxed  so  little  as  this,  for  the  support  of  the 
poor.  The  earliest  mention  of  payments  is  in  March, 
1804,  of  ^25.23,  for  Susannah  Olney,  —  a  squaw, — 
and  of  $13.50,  in  March,  1805,  "  for  her  black  child." 
In  1806,  some,  assistance  was  rendered  to  one  man  and 
his  family.  There  seems  not  to  have  been  any  further 
aid  afforded  to  any  one  till  1818,  when  the  family  of  a 
man,  in  consequence  of  his  inability  to  work  at  his 
trade  of  shoemaking,  became  a  charge.  From  that 
time  to  the  present,  there  have  always  been  a  few  to 
be  aided.  Those  requiring  considerable  assistance 
have  generally  been  put  up  at  auction,  and  taken  by 
the  lowest  bidder.  Notwithstanding  this  practice, 
which  is  commonly  regarded  as  very  inhuman,  there 
is  generally  a  disposition  to  make  the  situation  of 
the  unfortunate  as  comfortable  as  circumstances  will 
admit.  The  overseers  or  selectmen  have  frequently 
been  instructed  by  the  town  to  provide  for  them ;  and 
thus,  without  being  put  up  at  auction,  they  have  often 
found  comfortable  homes,  or  been  taken  care  of  by  per- 
sons who  felt  a  friendly  interest  in  them,  but  upon 
whom  it  was  too  much  of  a  tax  to  give  them  a  sup- 
port for  years.  If  the  number  should  increase,  it 
would  occur  to  the  inhabitants  that  the  most  econo- 
mical as  well  as  humane  disposition  which  could 
be  made  of  them  would  be  to  provide  an  alms- 
house, where  they  could  feel  that  they  had  a  permanent 
home.  For  several  years,  this  course  has  been  adopted 
with  great  success  in  many  of  the  towns  in  Massachu- 
setts, and  been  found  less  expensive  than  the  other, 
even  when  the  inmates  were  few  and  the  majority  of 
them  infirm. 


EARLY   DIFFICULTIES   IN   TRAVELLING.  273 


CHAPTEE   XXX. 


HIGHWAYS. 

Early  DiiRculties  in  Travelling.  —  Moss.  —  Paths.  —  Spotted  Trees.  — 
Exposure  of  Matthias  Hawes.  —  First  Roads.  —  First  Highway  Dis- 
tricts. —  Character  of  the  Roads.  —  Corduroy  Roads.  —  Boating 
and  Visiting.  —  Ox  Sleds.  —  First  Teaming  to  Neighboring  Towns. 

EARLY  DIFFICULTIES  IN  TRAVELLING. 

It  is  not  easy  to  imagine  the  difficulty  of  the  travelling, 
when  there  was  no  way  of  coming  to  this  place  but 
through  the  woods  or  up  St.  George's  River.  Philip 
Robbins  came  in  1776  ;  and  then  there  was  not  a  foot- 
path between  this  and  either  of  the  neighboring  towns. 
In  the  woods,  particularly  if  the  weather  was  cloudy, 
the  inhabitants  were  often  saved  from  being  lost,  and 
sometimes  even  from  perishing,  by  the  information  ob- 
tained of  the  Indians,  that  moss  grows  on  the  north 
side  of  trees  situated  on  low  ground.  Meadow-roads 
and  hunters'  paths  for  hand-sleds  were  bushed  out  for 
winter,  when  the  settlers  could  not  be  better  accommo- 
dated on  the  ice.  Footpaths  were  early  marked  out, 
by  spotting  trees  and  removing  the  underbrush.  The 
chips  were  taken  from  two  sides  of  the  trees,  so  that 
the  white  spots  were  visible  to  travellers  going  in 
either  dnection.  The  incision  was  only  through  the 
bark;  for  a  wound  in  the  wood  soon  healed.  But 
such  paths  were  of  little  or  no  use,  except  in  the  day- 
time, when  the  spots  could  be  seen. 

It  was  probably  in  the  fall  of  1782  that  Matthias 
Hawes  went  down  the  river,  to  borrow  a  yoke  of  oxen 
to  harrow  in  rye.  The  only  guide  was  the  spotted 
trees.  On  his  way  home,  a  violent  storm  arose ;  and 
dense  darkness  came  on  so  suddenly,  that  he  chained 
the  oxen  to  a  tree  not  far  below  the  place  afterward 
settled  by  Samuel  Hills,  and  spent  the  long,  tedious 

24 


274  HIGHWAYS. 

night    in    walking   and   exercising,   to   keep   himself 
warm. 

In  the  memorial  to  the  Legislature  in  December, 
1780,  it  is  stated  that  there  was  no  w^ay  of  getting  to 
Stirlington  but  through  the  woods  and  up  the  St. 
George's,  part  of  the  way  by  land  and  part  by  water ; 
and  that  even  this  was  obstructed  nearly  six  weeks 
every  spring  and  fall  by  the  ice.  No  roads  had  been 
laid  out  in  1786,  when  the  petition  was  made  for  an 
Act  of  Incorporation. 

FIRST  ROADS. 

March  5,  1787,  the  town  voted  that  the  selectmen 
should  lay  out  two  roads,  and  that  all  the  roads  should 
be  three  rods  wide.  Accordingly,  in  relation  to  the 
first  road  laid  out  in  the  town,  the  report  of  the  select- 
men states :  — 

"  They  have  spotted  and  looked  it  out  as  folio weth :  — 
May  7,  we  looked  and  spotted :  Beginning  at  Warren  line, 
at  a  hemlock,  which  we  spotted ;  then  running  northwardly 
through  the  land  of  Ezra  Bowen  by  stakes  and  spotted 
trees ;  thence  across  the  land  of  Abijah  Hawes  is  north- 
wardly by  stakes  and  spotted  trees,  till  it  comes  to  the 
corner  of  David  Robbins's  field ;  thence  through  said  Rob- 
bins' s  field  by  stakes,  till  it  comes  to  Richard  Cummings's 
barn  and  house  ;  thence  running  northwardly,  as  it  is  staked 
out ;  thence  through  Moses  Hawes's,  as  the  road  now  runs, 
to  the  west  end  of  said  Robbins's  house  ;  thence  running  by 
stakes  north-east,  in  said  Robbins's  pasture,  till  it  comes  to 
the  bridge  at  the  head  of  Seven-tree  Pond  over  St.  George's 
River ;  thence  north-east  by  spotted  trees,  to  Josiah  Rob- 
bins's field  of  rye ;  thence  through  said  field  by  stakes,  till 
it  strikes  the  road  leading  to  Senebec." 

The  road,  as  it  now  runs,  does  not  agree  with  the  se- 
lectmen's report.  Josiah  Robbins  had  cleared  the  land 
from  the  pond  to  the  present  road  by  the  Old  Burying 
Ground.  Not  willing  to  appropriate  for  the  public 
good  a  field  on  which  he  had  expended  so  much  labor, 
he  fenced  it.     The  neighbors,  with  an  accommodating 


FIRST   ROADS.  275 

spirit,  passed  along  in  the  woods  near  to  the  fence  on 
the  west  side  of  his  rye,  and  a  path  finally  became  the 
road,  leading  over  the  hill  instead  of  winding  round  it, 
as  was  intended  by  the  selectmen. 

The  preceding  report  was  followed  by  the  one 
pertaining  to  the  second  road,  which  will  be  readily 
recognized  as  on  the  south  and  west  sides  of  Round 
Pond. 

"May  10.  Then  Mr.  Philip  Robbins,  Mr.  Ezra  Bowen, 
and  Mr.  Jason  ^are,  met  and  laid  out  a  road,  beginning 
between  Mr.  Moses  Hawes  and  Mr.  Richard  Cummings,  on 
said  Hawes' s  land,  west-north-west,  to  Mr.  Jessa  Rob- 
bins  ;  through  his  lot  and  a  lot  known  by  Dunbar's  land, 
and  through  by  Mr.  Adams  ;  through  his  land,  and  through 
the  land  of  Mr.  Ware,  to  Mr.  Matthias  Hawes ;  and 
through  his  land,  and  the  land  of  Mr.  Woodward,  until  it 
comes  to  the  land  of  Mason  Wheaton,  Esq.  (cleared  ground), 
nearly  as  it  is  now  cleared ;  then  running  straight  to  the 
east  end  of  his  house  ;  thence  to  the  north-east  corner  of  his 
chopped  land ;  thence  nearly  a  north-east  course,  by  spotted 
trees,  till  it  comes  to  John  Taylor,  Esquire's,  north  line,  by 
Senebec." 

May  30,  the  day  on  which  the  two  roads  were  con- 
firmed, it  was  voted  that  another  should  be  laid  out 
east  of  Seven-tree  Pond,  and  another  through  Ebene- 
zer  Robbins's  land  to  Waldoborough.  At  the  same 
town-meeting,  the  first  movement  was  made  in  relation 
to  highway-districts.  The  town  gave  "  the  selectmen 
orders  to  divide  the  highways  for  the  surveyors,  and 
proportion  the  inhabitants  to  do  the  work  in  each  of 
their  divisions." 

"July  9,  1787,  Mr.  Philip  Robbins,  Mr.  Ezra  Bowen, 
and  Mr.  Jason  Ware,  met  and  laid  out "  [the  third  road, 
which  was  from  Mr.  Matthias  Hawes's  to  Dr.  William  Jen- 
nison's]  "  as  follows,  viz. :  Beginning  a  little  south-east  of 
Mr.  Matthias  Hawes's  hovel,  running  northwardly  across 
his  pasture  to  a  spotted  oak,  then  by  spotted  trees  till  we 
come  to  the  old  road  that  Dr.  William  Jennison  cleared,  and 
then  on  the  road,  with    small  variations,  just   enough   to 


276  HIGHWAYS. 

straighten  the  road,  by  spotted  trees,  to  the  clear  land  of  Dr. 
William  Jennison." 

"Nov.  19,  1787,  voted  that  the  road  to  Barretts  Town 
shall  stand  as  the  selectmen  laid  [it]  out,  the  twenty-second 
of  September ;  Mr.  Philip  Robbins  and  Mr.  Jason  "Ware, 
selectmen ;  and  Mr.  Jessa  Robbins,  pilot.  Beginning  at 
the  brook  north-east  of  Mr.  Josiah  Robbins,  then  running 
east-north-east  until  we  come  nearly  to  the  end  of  the 
second  tier  of  lots,  then  running  north-east  half  a  mile, 
then  running  north-east  and  by  east,  then  north-east  with 
small  variations  to  Barretts  Town." 

"  Oct.  6,  1787,  Mr.  Ezra  Bowen  and  Mr.  Jason  Ware,  two 
of  the  selectmen  of  Union,  met,  looked  and  laid  out  the  road 
through  to  Waldoborough,  as  follows,  viz. :  Beginning  at 
Round  Pond  Road  on  Mr.  Joel  Adams's  land,  at  a  white 
birch-tree  spotted ;  then  running  south-west  until  it  comes 
to  the  land  of  Mr.  Dunbar,  then  running  west  by  spotted 
trees  till  [it]  comes  to  the  old  road  from  said  Adams  to  said 
E.  Robbins,  then  running  nearly  south-west  by  spotted 
trees  and  stake  through  the  improvements  of  said  Robbins, 
and  on  nearly  the  same  course  to  Waldoborough." 

The  last  three  roads  and  the  following,  which  was 
on  the  east  and  north  sides  of  Seven-tree  Pond,  were 
confirmed  or  accepted  Nov.  19,  1787,  when  it  was  — 

"  Voted  that  the  road  laid  out  from  Warren,  at  the  east 
end  of  Mr.  Samuel  Hills's  land,  through  the  farm  improved 
by  Mr.  Royal  Grinnell  to  the  head  of  Seven-tree  Pond, 
shall  stand,  and  is  confirmed  as  was  laid  by  the  selectmen, 
Nov.  5,  A.D.  1787.  The  road  begins  as  follows,  viz. :  At  a 
white  birch-tree  spotted,  by  Warren  line,  then  running 
nearly  north,  by  spotted  trees,  until  we  come  to  Mr.  Amo- 
ry's  grist-mill,  then  over  the  flume  of  said  mill,  then  just 
east  of  the  house  and  barn,  then  on  or  near  a  north  course 
across  to  the  woods,  then  nearly  a  north  course  to  Oliver 
Lailand's  [Leland's],  then  turning  north-west  to  west  till 
we  come  to  the  brook  running  into  Seven-tree  Pond,  then 
on  nearly  the  same  course  until  we  come  to  the  road  laid 
out  by  Mr.  Josiah  Robbins  in  the  old  Senebec  Road." 

These  roads  opened  communication  not  only  be- 
tween all  the  inhabitants  of  Union,  but  with  Barretts 


CONDITION  OF  THE  ROADS.  277 

Town, as  Hope  was  then  called;  with  "VValdoborough ; 
and  with  Warren,  both  on  the  east  and  the  west  sides 
of  Seven-tree  Pond.  They  were  all  laid  out  during 
the  year  after  the  incorporation  of  the  town. 

CONDITION  OF  THE  ROADS. 

For  several  years,  the  roads,  though  laid  out,  could 
have  been  of  but  little  value.  In  1789,  and  even  later, 
there  were  in  reality  none  but  winter  roads.  When 
William  Hart  and  wife  moved  here  in  October,  1793, 
the  summer  roads  were  almost  impassable  with  ox- 
carts. On  one  side  might  be  a  stump  in  the  track,  on 
the  other  side  a  hole  two  or  three  feet  deep,  and  possi- 
bly between  them  a  large  stone.  There  was  but  little 
travel.  The  only  sleigh  seen  by  Mrs.  Hart  during  the 
winter  after  her  arrival  was  owned  by  David  Robbins. 

Corduroy  Roads.  —  Small  logs  were  laid  across  wet 
and  muddy  places;  and  sometimes  earth — if  it  could 
be  conveniently  procured,  which  at  first  was  seldom  the 
case  —  was  thrown  on  to  fill  the  interstices.  These, 
from  their  resemblance  to  the  thick-ribbed  cotton-fabric, 
coi  duroy,  were  often  called  corduroy  roads.  Sometimes 
the  logs  were  crooked,  and  would  not  fit  compactly. 
Parts  would  rot,  and  then  there  would  be  dangerous 
holes.  Travelling  over  such  roads  was  not  altogether 
agreeable,  particularly  in  wagons  without  springs,  the 
only  kind  then  used  by  the  very  few  persons  who  had 
any.  Sometimes  these  roads  extended  a  mile  or  two. 
As  the  wagon-wheels  rolled  over  each  log,  from  eight  to 
fifteen  or  twenty  inches  in  diameter,  they  struck  with 
force  upon  the  next,  and  so  onward  through  the  whole 
distance ;  affording  more  exercise  than  was  coveted  by 
men  whose  fortune  it  was  to  fell  the  trees  of  the  forest 
before  they  could  have  room  to  raise  bread  for  subsist- 
ence. 

Boating  and  Visiting.  —  Among  the  early  settlers, 

the  travel  and  transportation  were  mainly  by  water ; 

and,  in  the  management  of  boats,  several  of  the  women 

became  quite  as  dexterous  as  the  men.     If  a  person 

24* 


278  HIGHWAYS. 

wished  to  cross  Seven-tree  Pond,  Mrs.  Mero  could 
paddle  him  over  with  the  skill  of  a  ferryman.  Perhaps 
Mrs.  Matthias  Hawes  wanted  to  visit  her  neighbors ; 
and,  in  those  days,  all  were  neighbors,  though  two  or 
three  miles  distant.  Immediately  after  dinner,  which 
was  as  early  as  noon,  she  took  one  or  two  of  her 
youngest  children,  perhaps  asked  Mrs.  Ware  or  Mrs. 
Adams  to  go  with  her,  got  into  a  boat,  paddled  it 
through  Round  Pond,  passed  the  rocks  and  shoals 
near  the  Lower  Bridge,  and  landed  on  the  shore  of 
Seven-tree  Pond,  near  the  place  of  her  destination. 
After  spending  the  afternoon  in  knitting  or  sewing, 
and  beguiling  some  of  the  solitary  hours,  of  which 
there  were  many  in  the  new  settlement,  she  partook 
of  an  early  supper,  and  returned  with  her  company  in 
season  to  get  supper  for  her  husband  and  his  hired 
men,  if  he  had  any,  and  to  "  do  the  milking  and  other 
chores  before  dark."  In  this  way,  social  intercourse 
was,  for  a  time,  maintained;  and  it  was  customary, 
till  the  population  became  considerably  large,  for  every 
family  to  visit  every  other  family  in  town,  at  least 
once  a  year. 

Ox  Sleds.  —  As  the  roads  became  better,  inter- 
course was  generally  kept  up  in  winter  by  means  of 
sleds,  drawn  by  oxen.  For  some  time,  Amariah  Mero's 
horse  was  the  only  one  in  town.  Matthias  Hawes 
had  a  steer,  which  he  trained  from  a  calf  to  move 
quickly.  With  a  yoke  and  a  light  sled  made  for  the 
purpose,  the  steer  travelled  at  a  pretty  brisk  trot,  a  little 
to  the  envy  of  some  of  the  neighbors,  whose  heavy 
sleds  were  drawn  by  sluggish  oxen.  Sleds  were  used 
in  summer  as  well  as  in  winter.  It  was  long  before 
carts  were  substituted.  When  they  became  common, 
the  mode  of  carrying  boards  to  Warren  was  to  bind 
them  on  the  axletree  of  the  cart,  and  let  the  rear-end 
drag  in  the  dirt.  But  few  farmers  could  then  purchase 
wagons,  because  they  cost  so  much. 

Teaming  to  Neighboring  Towns.  —  Mr.  Olney 
Titus  thinks  that  Amariah  Mero,  in  1793,  drove  the 
first  team  which  went  to  Warren  with  wheels.     David 


SURVEYORS   AND    COMMISSIONERS.  279 

Robbins  was  the  first  person  who  went  to  Waldobo- 
rough  with  wheels.  The  household  effects  of  the  Rev. 
Mr.  Humphrey  were  moved  by  him  to  Union  in  an 
ox-wagon.  Nathaniel  Robbins,  Esq.,  was  the  first  to 
drive  an  ox-cart  into  Washington.  The  team  went 
to  the  Medomac  River,  and  Robbins  camped  there  over 
night,  under  a  large  yellow  birch.  The  second  day, 
by  working  hard  and  cutting  and  laying  alders  for  the- 
oxen  to  walk  on,  he  got  through  the  bog-swamp  to 
what  was  called  the  Lakin  Farm. 

For  a  long  time,  the  travel  between  Union  and 
Warren  came  up  on  the  east  side  of  the  river,  but 
went  down  on  the  west  side  and  crossed  at  Libbey's 
Bridge. 


CHAPTER  XXXI. 

HIGHWAYS. 

{Concluded.) 

Surveyors  and  Commissioners.  —  Taxes.  —  Compensation.  —  Time  for 
doing  the  Work.  —  Breaking  Eoads  in  Winter.  —  Comparative 
Value  of  Money  and  Labor. 

SURVEYORS  AND   COMMISSIONERS. 

The  work  on  roads  is  generally  done  under  the  super- 
intendence of  surveyors,  chosen  annually  in  the  spring. 
Each  surveyor  notifies  the  inhabitants  in  his  district 
of  the  time  to  begin  work,  designates  the  places  where 
the  roads  are  to  be  repaired,  the  kind  and  amount  of 
work  to  be  laid  out  at  the  different  places,  keeps  the 
accounts  with  the  workmen,  and  withholds  pay  in 
cases  of  negligence  and  idleness.  The  management 
of  these  officers,  however,  has  not  always  been  satis- 
factory. Sometimes  they  have  been  accused  of  ex- 
pending too  much  of  the  labor  in  the  vicinity  of  their 
own  houses  and  farms,  and  of  permitting  the  remote 
parts  of  the  districts  to  suffer.     With  a  view  to  obvi- 


280  HIGHWAYS. 

ate  the  evil,  the  town  voted,  April  1,  1833,  "that  the 
selectmen  appoint  surveyors  of  the  highways  the  pre- 
sent year ; "  but  the  vote  was  reconsidered  at  an 
adjourned  meeting,  April  15,  and  surveyors  were  chosen 
as  before.  The  excitement  on  the  subject  increased; 
and  at  the  town-meeting,  April  6,  1835,  it  led  to  seri- 
ous and  animated  discussion.  The  meeting  was  ad- 
journed to  April  8,  and  again  to  April  15.  It  was 
agreed  to  choose  commissioners,  and  to  raise  $2,500, 
and  put  the  whole  money  at  their  disposal.  The  com- 
missioners chosen  were  John  Payson,  Elisha  Harding, 
Nathan  Hills,  and  Nathan  Bachelder.  In  1836,  they 
were  John  Payson,  Nathan  Bachelder,  Cyrus  Rob- 
bins,  Herman  Hawes,  and  John  Gowen.  In  1837, 
they  were  John  Lermond,  Herman  Hawes,  Aaron 
Bryant,  Nathaniel  Bachelor,  and  Noah  Rice.  The 
subject  was  again  brought  up  the  next  year ;  but 
the  town  chose  surveyors  in  1838  and  1839.  After 
the  vote  for  choosing  surveyors  had  passed  in  1840,  it 
was  reconsidered,  and  the  inhabitants  chose  five  com- 
missioners, viz.  John  Payson,  Marlboro'  Packard,  Sa- 
muel Stone,  Nathan  Bachelder,  and  Stephen  Carriel. 
Their  pay  was  "  12J  cents  per  hour  for  their  labor  and 
services."  In  1841,  the  commissioners  were  E.  Ler- 
mond, Marlboro'  Packard,  jun.,  Elias  Skidmore,  Mace 
Shepard,  and  Willard  Robbins.  Commissioners  were 
not  again  chosen  till  1844,  when  the  town  elected 
Samuel  Stone,  Leonard  Barnard,  Jason  Davis,  Nelson 
Cutler,  and  Joseph  M.  Gleason.  In  1846,  they  were 
Joseph  M.  Gleason,  John  Lindley,  Jason  Davis,  Lewis 
Bachelder,  and  Jeruel  Butler.  In  1845,  it  was  "  voted 
that  the  selectmen  be  highway-surveyors  for  the  ensu- 
ing year,  and  that  they  appoint  one  man  in  each 
highway-district  to  keep  a  correct  account  of  the  labor 
done  in  said  district." 

HIGHWAY  TAXES. 

The  following  statement  is  the  best  which  it  has 
been  practicable  to  make,  after  a  careful  examination 
of  records,  sometimes  obscure  and  confused:  — 


HIGHWAY   TAXES. 


281 


1787,     £80 

1803,  $1000 

1819,  $1500 

1835,  $2500 

1788,  £110 

1804,  $1075+ 

1820,  $1500 

1836,  $2000 

1789,  £100 

1805,  $1500 

1821,  $1200 

1837,  $2500 

1790,     £80 

1806,  $1500 

1822,  $1500 

1838,  $200011 

1791,     £60 

1807,  $1500 

1823,  $1800 

1839,  $2500 

1792,     £80 

1808,  $2000 

1824,  $2000 

1840,  $25001F 

1793,     £80 

1809,  $1500 

1825,  $1800 

1841,  $2000 

1794,      —  * 

1810,  $1500 

1826,  $2000 

1842,  $2000 

1795,     £50 

1811,  $1000 

1827,  $1700 

1843,  $2500 

1796,  $300 

1812,  $1000 

1828,  $2000 

1844,  $3000 

1797,  $400 

1813,  $1200 

1829,  $2800 

1845,  $2500 

1798,  $400t 

1814,  $1500 

1830,  $2150  § 

1846,  $3000 

1799,  $600 

1815,  $1500 

1831,  $2400 

1847,  $2000 

1800,  $700 

1816,  $1500 

1832,  $2100 

1848,  $2500 

1801,  $800 

1817,  $1500 

1833,  $2550 

1849,  $2500 

1802,  $800' 

1818,  $1600 

1834,  $200011 

1850,  $2500 

*  "April  7,  £80  to  be  worked  out  on  the  ways  for  1795.  .  .  . 
Sept.  1,  1794,  £20  additional,  so  as  to  use  £20  cash  granted  by  the 
General  Court  to  finish  the  meeting-house.  .  .  .  April  6,  1795,  voted 
to  reconsider  the  vote  passed  last  April  respecting  highway-taxes." 
See  also  pages  148  and  263.     How  much  was  raised  this  year? 

t  Also  «*  voted  to  consider  Capt.  John  Tobey,  '  in  the  loss  of  an  ox 
at  work  on  the  highway,'  six  dollars  and  fifty  cents,  which  is  to  be 
allowed  him  out  of  the  first  taxes  to  be  made  against  him."  In  the 
same  year.  May  30,  upon  an  article  to  see  what  the  town  will  do 
respecting  an  action  commenced  by  David  Fales,  Esq.,  against  Moses 
Hawes  and  Amariah  Mero,  for  surveying  the  county-roads  from  War- 
ren to  Senebec,  it  was  voted  "  that  Amariah  Mero  go  and  get  advice 
respecting  the  suit ; "  and  '•  that  he  be  directed  to  act  according  to 
his  best  judgment  in  the  business,  as  he  thinks  shall  be  most  for  the 
interest  of  the  town."  Sept.  10,  "  voted  to  choose  a  man  to  go  to  Wal- 
doborough,  to  see  Silas  Lee,  Esq.,  attorney-at-law,  on  the  business  of 
the  suit.  .  .  .  Chose  Mr.  Amariah  Mero,  with  instructions  to  do  the 
best  he  can  in  behalf  of  the  town." 

X  Also  one  hundred  and  twenty-five  dollars  to  repair  highways, 
and  build  a  bridge  over  Capt.  Maxcy's  mill-stream.  Part  of  the  ap- 
propriations for  highway-taxes  in  other  years  went  to  build  bridges. 
For  other  remarks  on  appropriations,  see  next  chapter. 

§  The  selectmen's  report  in  April,  1830,  has  the  item  **  Fines  for 
repairing  roads,  one  hundred  and  fourteen  dollars  eighty  cents." 

II  Also  voted  to  raise  three  hundred  dollars  in  money,  to  be  laid 
out  under  the  direction  of  the  selectmen.  Also  July  5,  voted  to  raise 
one  thousand  dollars  in  money,  "  to  be  expended  in  building  and  re- 
pairing highways  the  present  season,  and  to  pay  damages  on  new 
roads  and  pay  costs  of  county-commissioners,  &c."  Also  voted,  July  5, 
to  raise  two  hundred  dollars,  in  addition  to  the  one  thousand  "  to  be 
expended  in  the  same  way  under  the  selectmen."  Also  July  13,  1835, 
voted  to  raise  seven  hundred  dollars,  •'  to  be  expended  in  labor  on  the 
roads." 

H  "  In  labor  and  materials." 


282  HIGHWAYS. 

Respecting  the  preceding  sums,  it  may  be  observed, 
that,  in  some  years,  a  part  of  the  highway-taxes  was 
expended  under  the  direction  of  the  selectmen ;  the  ob- 
ject being  to  provide  for  injuries  from  freshets  and 
other  causes.  It  was  thus  with  two  hundred  dollars 
of  the  highway-tax  of  1821,  with  three  hundred  dol- 
lars of  that  of  1822,  with  two  hundred  dollars  of  that 
of  1824,  and  with  three  hundred  dollars  of  that  of 
1825. 

Sometimes  part  of  the  highway-tax  was  in  money, 
and  laid  out  according  to  the  directions  of  the  select- 
men. This  was  the  case  with  two  hundred  dollars  of 
the  tax  of  1829,  one  hundred  and  fifty  dollars  in  1830, 
with  two  hundred  or  four  hundred  dollars  in  1831,  five 
hundred  dollars  in  1832,  five  hundred  and  fifty  dollars 
in  1833,  &c. 

Sometimes  a  specified  sum  has  been  voted  for  a  par- 
ticular purpose.  To  the  four  hundred  dollars  in  1797, 
a  hundred  dollars  was  added  "  for  the  benefit  of  new 
roads,  to  be  apportioned  by  the  assessors."  In  April, 
1817,  in  addition  to  the  one  thousand  five  hundred 
dollars,  fifty  dollars  was  raised,  "to  be  expended  on 
the  highway  near  Thomas  Hemenway's ; "  and,  in  1818, 
in  addition  to  the  one  thousand  six  hundred  dollars, 
sixty  dollars  were  raised  "  to  be  laid  out  on  the  road 
from  Quiggle's  Mill  to  Camden  Line."  In  1848,  one 
thousand  dollars  was  raised  to  meet  a  road  from  Wal- 
doborough,  and  some  other  expenses,  besides  the  two 
thousand  five  hundred  dollars  raised  in  the  spring  of 
the  same  year. 

COMPENSATION. 

This  has  been  reckoned  by  the  day  or  by  the 
hour.  In  April,  1798,  it  was  voted  "  that  eight  hours 
should  be  considered  a  day."  The  town-records  are 
not  always  explicit;  but,  with  the  exceptions  else- 
where mentioned,  the  compensation  was  probably  as 
follows :  — 

Man's  Work.  —  From  1787  to  1789  inclusive,  and 
in  1796,  five  shillings ;  and  from  1790  to  1793,  and  pro- 


COMPENSATION.  283 

bably  in  1794  and  1795,  four  shillings  a  day.  In  1815, 
one  shilling,  or  16 1  cents  an  hour.  In  all  the  other 
years,  one  dollar  for  a  day  of  eight  hours,  or  in  that 
proportion.  "  Men,  when  carried  out  of  their  districts, 
to  be  paid  for  going  and  returning,"  according  to  a  vote 
passed  in  1825. 

Yoke  of  Oxen.  —  In  1787  and  1790,  2s.  6d. ;  in 
1791,  1792,  1793,  and  probably  in  1794  and  1795, 
2s.  8d ;  in  1788  and  1799,  three  shillings ;  and,  in  1796, 
fifty-eight  cents  a  day.  From  1797  to  1814,  and  from 
1816  to  1821,  and  in  1829,  it  was  one-twelfth  of  a  dol- 
lar an  hour ;  and  from  1822  to  1828,  and  from  1830  to 
1836,  it  appears  to  have  been  ten  cents  an  hour.  In 
1815,  also  in  1837  and  since,  twelve  and  a  half  cents 
an  hour. 

Ploughs.  —  In  1788,  and  subsequently,  two  shillings 
a  day.  In  1796  and  1797,  two-thirds  of  a  dollar; 
from  1798  to  1822,  in  1829,  from  1831  to  1836,  and 
from  1838  to  1840,  one  dollar  a  day,  or  twelve  and  a 
half  cents  an  hour,  for  large,  and  proportionally  for 
small  ploughs.  From  1824  to  1830,  and  in  1837, 1841, 
and  1846,  the  compensation  was  left  to  the  decision  of 
the  surveyors  or  road-commissioners. 

Nov.  15, 1837,  it  was  voted  that  Elias  Skidmore  and 
E.  Lermond  should  be  paid  for  ploughs  purchased  for 
the  use  of  the  town.  April  20,  1844,  the  road-com- 
missioners were  authorized  to  purchase  ploughs,  to  be 
kept  in  their  possession  during  the  year.  June  7, 1846, 
it  was  voted  to  accept  of  three  ploughs,  bought  by  the 
commissioners. 

Carts.  —  In  1787,  one  shilling  a  day ;  in  1790, 
Is.  6d. ;  in  all  other  years,  two  shillings,  or  one-third  of 
a  dollar,  except  from  1824  to  1828,  and  in  1837,  when 
the  compensation  depended  on  the  decision  of  the  sur- 
veyors or  commissioners. 

Scrapers.  —  There  is  no  early  mention  of  scrapers, 
though  they  were  used.  In  1837,  the  road-commis- 
sioners were  to  allow  "  for  ploughs,  carts,  scrapers,  and 
other  materials,  what  they  see  fit."  In  1841  and  in 
1846,  the  allowance  was  fifty  cents  a  day. 


284  HIGHWAYS. 

TIME  FOR  DOING  THE  WORK. 

The  usual  time  for  working  on  the  roads  is  in  June, 
after  the  farmers  "  have  done  planting,"  and  in  Sep- 
tember, after  they  have  harvested  their  grain.  Occa- 
sionally, the  town  designates  the  time.  May  30, 1787, 
the  record,  after  assigning  to  the  selectmen  the  busi- 
ness of  dividing  the  highways  for  the  surveyors,  and 
proportioning  the  inhabitants,  adds,  "as  the  inhabi- 
tants think  it  highly  necessary  there  should  be  work 
in  the  ways  immediately."  In  1796,  it  was  "  voted 
that  the  highway- work  be  done  before  the  first  of  Octo- 
ber." May  27,  1801,  to  meet  the  case  of  delinquents, 
the  surveyors  were  "  empowered  to  collect  the  taxes 
the  same  as  other  collectors."  April  4,  1803,  and 
April  2,  1804,  the  assessors  were  "  directed  to  issue 
warrants  to  the  surveyors  to  collect  the  highway-taxes 
when  they  are  not  worked  out."  To  hold  out  further 
inducements  for  seasonable  labor,  it  was  ordered  in 

1815,  that,  before  July  10,  man's  labor  should  be  one 
shilling,  and  oxen's  twelve  and  a  half  cents,  per  hour ; 
but,  after  that  time,  the  pay  for  men  should  be  twelve 
and  a  half  cents,  and  for  oxen  as  in  previous  years.    In 

1816,  it  was  twelve  cents  for  a  man  before  July  1 ;  but, 
between  that  time  and  Oct.  1,  ten  cents.  It  was  the 
same  in  1819,  excepting  the  substitution  of  Oct.  1  for 
July  1.  In  1820  and  1821,  it  was  ninepence  before 
July  10,  and  sevenpence  afterward. 

BREAKING  ROADS  IN  WINTER. 

For  many  years,  the  roads,  after  drifting  storms, 
were  broken  out  by  voluntary  labor.  The  inhabitants 
of  a  highway-district  turned  out,  with  oxen,  sleds, 
shovels,  as  soon  as  the  storm  ceased.  Each  man 
began  at  his  own  door,  drove  his  team,  shovelled 
through  the  deep  drifts,  and  worked  his  way  toward 
his  neighbor.  Ere  long,  neighbors  would  thus  meet, 
and  small  gangs  be  at  work  in  different  parts  of  the 
district.  As  the  gangs  met,  they  would  unite  and 
work  onward  together. 


BREAKma   THE   ROADS.  285 

The  interest  felt  in  this  mode  of  breaking  the  roads 
gradually  subsided. 

March  1,  1813,  "Voted  the  highway- surveyors'  warrants 
shall  be  drawn  in  such  a  manner  as  to  authorize  them  to 
keep  the  roads  passable  in  the  winter,  as  well  as  the  other 
seasons.  .  .  .  April  1,  1822,  voted  that  the  highway- survey- 
ors shall  cause  the  snow  to  be  trod  down  or  removed  from 
the  roads  in  their  several  districts,  so  that  the  same  shall  be 
passable ;  and  they  to  present  their  accounts  to  the  select- 
men for  allowance,  and  the  amount  to  go  towards  next 
year's  tax.  Men  and  oxen  are  to  have  eight  cents  per 
hour.  .  .  .  Nov.  1,  1824,  voted  that  the  surveyors  of  high- 
ways allow  ten  cents  per  hour  for  men  and  for  oxen  [to 
break  roads  the  ensuing  winter].  .  .  .  May  11,  1833,  voted 
that  the  overwork  on  the  highway,  and  the  expense  of  break- 
ing roads  in  the  winter,  be  returned  to  the  assessors  by  the 
surveyors  before  the  highway-taxes  are  made  the  present 
year,  and  that  they  who  have  done  this  work  have  the  same 
credited  to  their  highway-taxes  for  the  present  year.  .  .  . 
Sept.  9,  voted  that  the  highway-surveyors  be  authorized  to 
employ  men  and  oxen  to  keep  the  roads  open  in  the  several 
districts,  on  the  best  terms  that  they  can  for  the  town,  and 
present  their  bills  with  sufficient  vouchers  to  the  selectmen 
before  the  next  April  meeting.  .  .  .  April,  1836,  voted  that 
all  those  who  are  deficient  in  working  their  highway-tax  on 
the  last  year's  bills  have  credit  for  the  last  winter's  work  on 
said  bills.  ^  .  .  .  Voted  ^  to  pay  for  the  breaking  the  roads  the 
last  winter  in  money.  .  .  .  Nov.  29, 1838,  voted  that  the  select- 
men appoint  in  each  highway-district,  as  they  may  see  fit,  a 
suitable  person  to  keep  the  roads  open  the  ensuing  winter ; 
and  such  person  shall  keep  a  perfect  list  of  the  work,  and  re- 
turn it  to  the  selectmen ;  and  that  each  sum  shall  be  paid  in 
cash,  allowing  men  ten  cents,  and  oxen  twelve  and  a  half  cents, 
per  hour.  .  .  .  Nov.  2, 1840,  voted  that  the  roads  be  kept  open 
as  usual,  and  that  men  be  allowed  ten  cents  per  hour,  and 
oxen  twelve  and  a  half  cents  per  hour,  and  be  allowed  on 

^  According  to  the  record,  the  compensation  seems  to  have  been 
twelve  and  a  half  cents  an  hour  for  oxen,  and  ten  cents  for  men. 

^  This  vote  probably  had  reference  to  the  cases  which  were  not  de- 
linquent in  the  tax  of  1835.     When  the  two  thousand  five  hundred 
dollars  was  raised,  April  15,  1837,  it  was  to  be  appropriated  for  the 
highways  the  present  year,  and  breaking  roads  the  past  winter. 
25 


286  HIGHWAYS. 

their  money-tax  1841.  .  .  .  April  17,  1843,  voted  tliat  the 
highway-surveyors  procure  such  men  to  break  out  the  roads 
the  ensuing  winter  as  are  willing  to  have  it  allowed  on  their 
next  year's  highway-tax,  and  be  allowed  the  same  per  hour 
as  in  the  summer  season."  [The  same  principle  was  again 
adopted  April  1,  1844,  and  in  1845  and  1846,  and  at  the 
same  price,  viz.]  "  twelve  and  a  half  cents  an  hour  for  men 
and  for  oxen." 

The  sums  annually  expended  in  breaking  roads  have 
been  very  unequal,  depending  on  the  depth  of  the 
snows  and  the  extent  of  the  drifting.  In  one  winter, 
the  cost  of  keeping  the  roads  open  was  perhaps  one 
thousand  dollars ;  while  in  others  it  has  been  compa- 
ratively nothing.  From  the  details  given,  it  is  evident 
that  there  have  been  many  difficulties,  and  that  almost 
every  year  a  new  method  has  been  tried. 

COMPARATIVE  VALUE  OF  MONEY  AND  LABOR. 

In  regard  to  the  comparative  value  of  the  money 
and  the  labor,  it  may  be  remarked  that  it  is  different  in 
different  seasons  of  the  year.  The  sums  raised,  and 
the  pay  for  labor,  have  always  been  greater  than  if  the 
same  had  been  in  specie.  In  1836,  it  was  voted  that 
"  twenty-five  per  cent  from  the  highway-tax  should  be 
allowed,  if  the  tax  was  paid  in  money  by  the  20th  of 
June."  In  1836,  in  addition  to  the  two  thousand  dol- 
lars, there  was  raised  in  money  five  hundred  and  fifty 
dollars,  to  defray  the  expense  of  breaking  out  the  roads 
during  the  preceding  winter ;  and  it  was  "  voted  that 
those  who  receive  the  money  make  twenty-five  per 
cent  discount  on  their  accounts."  In  1837,  it  was 
voted  to  allow  on  the  two  thousand  five  hundred  dol- 
lars, "  twenty-five  cents  on  a  dollar  to  those  who  pay 
the  money  on  demand."  Nov.  29  of  the  same  year,  it 
was  "  voted  to  pay  in  cash  ten  cents  an  hour  for  a  man, 
and  twelve  cents  an  hour  for  oxen,  for  breaking  out 
roads."  In  1843,  it  was  "  voted  to  pay  four  shillings  on 
a  dollar  on  such  bills  as  have  been  or  shall  be  handed 
in  by  the  surveyors  [for  breaking  roads  the  preceding 
winter].     The  persons   in  whose  favor  the  biQs  are, 


LOG-BRIDGES.  — LOWER  BRIDGE.  287 

shall  make  oath  of  the  truth  of  the  bill."  In  1844, 
there  was  a  substitute  of  "two-thirds  in  cash  for  all 
those  who  chose  to  pay  money  in  lieu  of  highway- 
work."  For  specie,  persons  can  always  be  found  to 
work  out  a  highway-tax  for  one-half  or  two-thirds  of 
the  nominal  amount. 


CHAPTER    XXXII. 

BRIDGES. 

Log  Bridges.  > —  Lower,  or  True's  Bridge.  —  Middle  Bridge,  at  Bache- 
lor's Mills.  —  South  Union  Bridge.  —  Upper  Bridge,  at  Hills'  Mills. 
—  Report  on  Bridges  in  1805.  —  Appropriations. 

LOG  BRIDGES. 

In  Union,  as  in  other  new  towns,  it  was  common  to 
build  bridges,  particularly  short  bridges,  by  laying 
small  logs  in  close  proximity  across  large  logs,  which 
were  extended  over  the  streams.  This  practice  con- 
tinues in  some  degree  to  the  present  day. 

LOWER,  OR  TRUE'S  BRIDGE. 

It  may  be  remembered,  that  the  petition  for  an  Act 
of  Incorporation,  dated  Sept.  12,  1786,  contains  the 
request  that  the  State-tax  which  had  been  apportioned 
to  Stirlington  might  be  laid  out  "  in  defraying  charges 
of  a  bridge,  now  a  building,  of  one  hundred  and  ten 
feet  long,  and  in  opening  and  making  roads  and  build- 
ing another  bridge  of  one  hundred  and  seventy  feet 
long ;  which  bridge  must  be  built  before  there  wiH  be 
any  passing  by  land  or  water  to  or  from  this  place." 
Some  progress,  it  seems,  had  been  made.  April  2, 
1787,  the  question  was  brought  forward  "  to  see  if  the 
town  means  to  purchase  the  bridge  now  building  at 
the  head  of  Seven-tree  Pond,  or  allow  what  has  been 


288  BRIDGES. 

done  by  individuals  on  said  bridge  towards  their  work 
on  the  ways  the  year  ensuing ; "  and  the  latter  alterna- 
tive was  adopted. 

This  was  the  first  bridge  built  by  the  town.  It  was 
probably  rebuilt  in  1801 ;  for,  April  6,  it  was  "  voted  to 
build  a  bridge  across  the  river  near  Rufus  Gillmor's ; " 
and  Nathaniel  Bobbins,  Amariah  Mero,  and  Rufus 
Gillmor,  were  chosen  the  committee  to  superintend  it. 
At  the  same  time,  it  was  "  voted  that  fifty  dollars  be 
granted,  to  be  paid  in  cash  for  said  bridge,  and  that 
two  hundred  dollars  be  deducted  from  the  highway-tax 
by  the  assessors."  Dec.  2,  1811,  at  auction,  the  fur- 
nishing of  two  thousand  five  hundred  feet  of  pine 
plank,  four  inches  thick  and  eighteen  feet  long,  was  bid 
off  by  Reuben  Hills,  to  be  delivered  at  this  bridge  for 
^15.75  per  thousand.  The  bridge  was  repaired  in 
1819  or  1820,  and  again  in  1831  and  in  1841.  "  The 
first  mud-sills  were  of  green  oak,  cut  on  Josiah  Rob- 
bins's  farm  just  below  the  burying- ground.  They 
were  hewed  on  two  sides,  and  put  in  with  the  bark  on ; 
and  a  few  years  ago,  when  the  bridge  was  rebuilt, 
these  same  mud-sills  were  found  perfectly  sound  and 
green,  having  always  been  kept  underwater,"  ^ 

MIDDLE  BRIDGE,  AT  BACHELOR'S  MILLS. 

May  28, 1788,  it  was  voted  to  build  two  bridges ;  one 
across  the  main  river  by  Mr.  John  Butler's,  the  other 
across  Crawford's  River  at  South  Union.  From  the 
records  it  appears  that  the  Middle  Bridge  was  rebuilt  in 
1800,  when  it  is  described  as  "  the  bridge  near  Capt. 
George  West's."  At  that  time,  Amariah  Mero  was 
"  chosen  as  a  suitable  person  to  superintend  the  build- 
ing." Nov.  3,  1800,  "  Voted  that  Mr.  Amariah  Mero 
have  an  order  for  enough  to  pay  his  taxes  in  Mr. 
Mitchell's  bill  toward  his  superintending  the  bridge." 
A  freshet  carried  away  the  bridge  in  less  than  ten 
years.  May  7,  1810,  an  article  was  introduced  into 
the  town-meeting  — 

*  MS.  communications  of  A.  C.  Bobbins,  Esq. 


MIDDLE   BRIDGE.  289 

"  To  see  if  the  town  will  provide  materials  for  rebuilding 
the  bridge  over  St.  George's  River  at  the  Lower  Mills,  in 
Union,  and  order  the  two  districts  adjoining  to  do  the  labor. 
.  .  .  Voted  that  sixty  dollars  be  drawn  in  labor  from  such 
highway- district,  and  in  such  proportion  as  the  assessors 
may  think  proper."  [A  temporary  bridge  was  erected.] 
Nov.  19,  "  Voted  to  build  a  bridge  over  the  river  near  Nath- 
aniel Bachelor's,  and  that  it  should  be  built  in  the  following 
way  and  manner,  viz.  that  there  should  be  two  king-posts 
with  four  braces  in  each,  with  a  beam  across  the  top  with 
two  braces,  and  a  timber  across  the  underside  of  the  string- 
pieces  and  strapped  to  the  foot  of  the  king-posts  with  bars  of 
iron  and  bolts  of  the  same  ;  and  that  there  should  be  five 
string-pieces  fifty-two  feet  long,  and  planked  with  pine 
plank  twenty  feet  long  and  four  inches  thick,  and  be  railed  ; 
and  that  the  highway-district  on  the  west  side  of  the  river 
should  build  a  good  and  sufficient  butment  to  receive  the 
end  of  the  bridge ;  and  the  district  on  the  east  side  of  the 
river  should  do  the  work  of  putting  on  the  bridge,  and  finish 
the  same  in  a  workmanlike  manner ;  and  the  town  voted 
to  procure  the  materials  for  building  the  said  bridge  and 
deliver  them  on  the  premises  by  the  first  of  March  next. 
Voted  to  set  up  the  different  articles  to  the  lowest  bidder, 
as  follows,  viz.  :  — 

*'  Five  string-pieces,  fifty-two  feet  long,  fourteen  inches 
thick,  — bid  off"  by  John  Butler  for  five  dollars  each.  Two 
hundred  feet  of  square  timber  of  the  following  size,  —  bid 
off  by  Reuben  Hills  for  six  dollars.  Two  posts  12  by  14, 
twenty-five  feet  long;  four  braces  10  by  10,  thirty  feet 
long  ;  four  braces  10  by  10,  twenty  feet  long ;  one  beam  10 
by  10,  twenty-two  feet  long;  one  sill  12  by  12,  twenty-two 
feet  long;  two  hundred  feet  of  joist  for  railing,  four  inches 
one  way,  and  five  the  other,  —  bid  off  by  Samuel  Hills  for 
$1.75.  A  thousand  and  forty  feet  of  planks,  twenty  feet 
long  and  four  inches  thick,  —  bid  off  by  Jonathan  Eastman 
for  $17.75.  All  the  timber  and  planks  for  the  above  bridge 
to  be  prime  and  of  a  good  quality." 

Nathaniel  Robbins,  Nathaniel  Bachelor,  and  Joseph 
Vaughan,  were  chosen  a  committee  to  receive  the 
above  materials  and  procure  the  irons. 

In  April,  1840,  the  selectmen  were  made  a  com- 
mittee to  survey  the  road,  and  examine  the  state  of 

25* 


290  BRIDGES. 

the  bridge.  When  their  report  was  made,  Nov.  2, 
John  W.  Lindley,  Nathan  Bach  elder,  and  Ebenezer 
Alden,  were  chosen  a  committee  to  make  a  plan  and 
estimate  the  expense,  and  were  also  instructed  to  build 
the  western  end  of  it  as  far  north  as  the  laying  out  of 
the  road  would  admit.  They  were  further  "  authorized 
to  remove  all  obstructions  that  were  in  the  way, 
before  the  builders  commenced  building  the  same." 
The  building  of  the  bridge  was  to  be  put  up  at  auc- 
tion to  the  lowest  bidder,  and  to  be  completed  by  the 
first  day  of  the  following  October.  In  April,  1841, 
there  was  a  reconsideration  "  so  far  as  to  build  said 
bridge  across  the  stream,  without  interfering  with  the 
buildings  on  either  side  of  the  road."  The  job  was 
taken  by  Nathan  Hills.  In  April,  1842,  when  the 
question  of  acceptance  was  brought  up,  the  selectmen 
were  made  a  "  committee  to  examine  the  plan  and  as- 
certain whether  said  bridge  was  built  according  there- 
to." They  made  their  report  Aug.  27,  and  it  was 
accepted  "  on  condition  that  Nathan  Hills  shall  pay 
all  damages  that  may  arise  in  consequence  of  the  old 
stringer  being  put  in  on  the  upper  side,  and  give  bonds 
to  that  effect." 

SOUTH  UNION  BRIDGE. 

The  other  bridge  ordered.  May  28, 1788,  to  be  built  at 
South  Union,  continued  in  use  about  sixteen  years.  It 
was  supported  in  the  middle  by  one  pier,  and  built 
nearly  east  and  west  upon  the  ledge  below  the  present 
bridge,  or  a  little  below  the  position  now  occupied  by 
the  mill-dam.  April  2,  1804,  it  was  "not  safe;" 
and  Josiah  Robbins,  David  Robbins,  Matthias  Hawes, 
Amariah  Mero,  and  Nathan  Blake,  were  chosen  a  com- 
mittee to  view  the  ground,  and  consider  whether  it  will 
be  best  to  rebuild  or  repair  the  old  bridge.  Twelve  hun- 
dred doUars  were  raised  for  highways  and  the  bridge. 

"  May  14,  voted  to  build  a  hundred  and  twenty  feet 
bridge,  by  the  last  day  of  September,  1805,  provided  the  dis- 
trict build  the  abutments ;  and  to  accept  the  written  motion 
for  building  the  bridge,  expressed  in  manner  following,  viz.  : 


UPPER   BRIDGE.  291 

Posts  twelve  inches  square,  if  made  of  pine  ;  cap-pieces  the 
same  ;  three  posts  to  each  pier ;  five  tier  of  string-pieces 
twelve  inches  square,  to  be  covered  with  pine  plank  18  feet 
long  and  three  inches  thick  ;  braces  five  by  six  inches  square, 
and  two  to  each  pier,  five  piers  ;  mud  sills,  12  inches  or 
more,  and  railed  in  a  workmanlike  manner  and  braced  upon 
each  pier,  and  one  between  each  pier  upon  each  side.  The 
undertaker  to  be  entitled  to  his  pay  in  the  month  of  Sep- 
tember, 1805,  if  the  bridge  is  then  completed  to  the  accept- 
ance of  the  selectmen." 

It  was  put  up  at  auction,  and  bid  off  by  Christopher 
Butler,  at  ninety-seven  dollars.  This  was  the  first 
time  that  the  bridge  was  built  nearly  north  and  south. 
It  was  again  rebuilt  in  1823  by  Capt.  Noah  Rice. 
Oct.  25,  1841,  there  was  a  vote  to  rebuild  the  bridge, 
by  Joseph  Vaughan's,  twenty-four  feet  wide.  The 
selectmen  were  chosen  the  committee  to  superintend 
it,  and  it  was  "  voted  that  the  building  of  said  bridge 
be  left  discretionary  with  "  them. 

UPPER  BRIDGE,  AT  HILLS'  MILLS. 

There  was  a  log-bridge  at  Hills'  Mills,  above  the  pres- 
ent bridge,  before  any  other  was  built.  The  first  move- 
ment by  the  town  was  probably  June  7,  1802,  when  it 
was  proposed  "  to  build  a  bridge  across  George's  River, 
near  the  foot  of  Sennebec  Pond."  The  selectmen  were 
instructed  "  to  view  the  place,  estimate  the  length," 
&c.  When  they  made  their  report,  Aug.  28,  it  was 
voted  to  build  "  across  the  river  near  the  proposed 
mills,  between  Mr.  Nathan  Blake's  and  Mr.  Reuben 
Hills's,  as  the  selectmen  report,"  in  the  course  of  the 
next  summer.  Nathaniel  Robbins  took  the  job,  to 
complete  it  in  fifteen  months,  for  $200.  The  select- 
men for  the  time  being  were  to  see  that  it  was  "  built 
in  due  order,  and  similar  to  the  [  Lower  ]  Bridge  near 
John  Mero's  and  Joseph  Vaughan's." 

In  December,  1811,  Reuben  Hills  agreed  for  $16 
per  thousand  to  furnish  1,500  pine  plank,  four  inches 
thick  and  eighteen  feet  long,  to  be  used  on  the 
bridge  near  his  mills.  This  bridge  was  carried  away 
by   a  freshet;   and,  June  19,  1813,  it  was   voted  to 


292  BRIDGES. 

build  another.  Henry  Blunt,  John  Lermond,  and 
Micajah  Gleason,  were  chosen  a  committee  to  "  exa- 
mine the  different  places  and  the  conditions  on  which 
they  can  procure  the  land,"  &c.  Upon  their  making 
a  report,  Sept.  6,  1813,  it  was  voted  to  build  one  on 
the  spot  where  the  old  one  stood,  but  to  postpone 
the  further  consideration  of  the  article  until  the  next 
town-meeting.  March  7,  1814,  Amariah  Mero,  John 
Tobey,  Daniel  Shepard,  Joseph  Morse,  and  Herman 
Hawes,  were  chosen  a  committee  to  examine  the  situa- 
tion, "  and  to  make  report  to  the  town  as  soon  as  may 
be."  The  bridge  was  built  several  rods  below  the 
old  one.  This  occasioned  the  circuitous  route  now 
travelled  in  order  to  cross  the  river. 

July  4,  1820,  the  town  was  called  on  "  to  hear  the 
report  of  the  committee  on  the  bridge  near  Walter 
Blake's. .  .  Voted  to  build  a  bridge  across  St.  George's 
river,  at  or  near  the  north  line  of  Reuben  Hills's  land, 
and  on  the  south  line  of  Lewis  Robbins's  land,  unless 
the  selectmen  can  make  an  agreement  with  Reuben 
Hills  and  others  more  to  the  advantage  of  the  town." 
This  would  have  been  to  place  a  bridge  where  the 
one  stood  originally.  But  it  seems  that  a  favorable 
agreement  was  made ;  for  the  bridge  was  built  where 
the  one  was  erected  in  1814.  This  was  carried  away 
by  a  freshet;  and.  May  21,  1831,  another  was  voted. 
June  11,  1832,  the  selectmen  were  authorized  to  con- 
tract for  it  at  a  sum  not  exceeding  two  hundred  dollars. 
It  was  built  by  Nathan  Hills  ibr  |l50.  In  1848  it  was 
broken  down  and  again  rebuilt. 

REPORT  ON  BRIDGES. 

April  1,  1805,  the  selectmen  were  directed  to  view 
the  bridges,  and  see  what  proportion  of  them  ought  to 
be  considered  as  town-bridges.  Their  report,  made 
May  15,  assigns  to  the  town  the  bridge  by  Mr.  Blake's, 
or  the  Upper  Bridge,  two  hundred  and  twenty-three 
feet,  and  thirty-eight  feet  abutments ;  by  John  Ler- 
mond's  saw-mill  twenty-five  feet,  and  thirty-five  feet 
abutments  and  causeway ;  by  Sterling  Davis's  saw- 


REPORT.  —  APPROPRIATIONS.  293 

mill  twenty  feet,  forty  feet  abutment  and  causeway ; 
by  Capt.  Barrett's  saw-mill,  or  the  Middle  Bridge,  forty- 
five  feet,  and  forty -five  feet  abutment;  by  Medomac 
River  fifty  feet,  and  abutment  and  causeway  fifty  feet ; 
by  Joseph  Vaughan's  [  he  then  lived  near  the  Lower 
Bridge]  two  hundred  feet,  abutment  and  causeway 
eighty  feet ;  by  Jason  Ware  forty  feet,  abutment  and 
causeway  eighty  feet ;  by  the  meeting-house,  on  the 
brook  east  of  the  Common,  twelve  feet,  abutment 
and  causeway  one  hundred  feet;  by  Mr.  Quiggle's,  in 
the  easterly  part  of  the  town  and  northwardly  of 
Lermond's,  twelve  feet,  abutment  and  causeway  one 
hundred  and  eighty  feet ;  by  Samuel  Hills,  near  War- 
ren, on  the  east  side  of  the  pond,  one  hundred  and 
fifty  feet,  abutment  and  causeway  one  hundred  and 
thirty  feet ;  by  Capt.  Maxcy's  one  hundred  feet,  abut- 
ment forty  feet;  by  Mr.  Rogers's  [Bowker  Brook] 
twenty  feet,  abutment  and  causeway  one  hundred 
feet." 

APPROPRIATIONS. 

Some  appropriations  for  bridges  previously  to  this 
time  were  not  recorded.  Probably  the  accounts  were 
burnt  in  1837.  The  records  do  not  always  give  explicit 
information  how  bridges  were  paid  for.  The  inference 
is  that  sometimes  it  was  in  money,  at  other  times  in 
labor;  that  sometimes  the  town,  at  other  times  the 
highway-districts  to  which  a  bridge  belonged,  paid  for 
it  either  entirely  or  in  part.  Still,  from  what  has  been 
stated,  enough  may  be  learned  as  to  the  nature  of  the 
work,  and  the  materials  which  have  been  used. 


294  EDUCATIONAL  HISTOKY. 

CHAPTER    XXXIII. 

EDUCATIONAL  HISTORY. 

Earliest  Schools  and  Teachers.  —  Schools  at  a  later  Period.  —  School- 
children in  Summer.  —  Drink.  —  Recess.  —  Josiah.  —  Complaints 
and  Punishments.  —  Girls'  Work  in  School.  —  Reading.  —  Spell- 
ing. —  Noontime  and  Dinners.  —  Winter  Schools.  —  Severer 
Punishments.  —  Intermissions  in  Winter.  —  Studies.  —  Evening 
Schools. 

SCHOOLS. 

Soon  after  the  first  marriage  of  Jessa  Robbins,  his  wife 
taught  the  first  school  in  town.  It  was  kept  in  his 
log-house,  about  ten  feet  back  of  the  present  house. 
Her  compensation  was  two  shillings  a  week;  she 
boarding  herself,  and  providing  a  room  for  the  schooL 
There  was  an  agreement  with  the  parents  that  the 
scholars  should  assist  her  in  doing  house-work,  and 
render  any  other  services  she  might  require.  The 
school  was  very  small.  It  was  kept  about  the  years 
1785  and  1786.  Not  far  from  the  same  time,  probably 
the  next  summer,  Eunice  Adams,  from  Franklin, 
Mass.,  began  a  private  school  in  the  log-house  of 
David  Robbins.  The  school  was  moved  from  house 
to  house,  that  it  might  be  continued  longer,  and  that 
the  several  scholars  might  be  accommodated.  In  the 
year  1788,  or  thereabouts,  Ebenezer  Jennison  taught 
school  in  Moses  Hawes's  log-house,  which  had  two 
rooms.  This  probably  was  the  first  "  man's  school  " 
in  town ;  unless,  as  some  think,  one  may  have  been 
previously  taught  by  Dr.  Bernard.  A  school  was 
taught  in  the  barns  of  Philip  Robbins  and  David  Rob- 
bins,  about  the  year  1788.  •  There  was  a  "  school- 
ma'am,"  as  the  female  teacher  was  called,  from  Warren. 
These  were  the  earliest  educational  movements.  They 
were  made  while  the  inhabitants  were  few  and  poor. 
The  literary  standard  must  have  been  low ;  for  it  was 
low  throughout  the  land.     There  were  no  books  suit- 


COMMON   SCHOOLS.  295 

able  for  common  schools ;  and  those  in  use  were 
scarce  and  dear.  Teachers  did  not  understand  the 
science  of  education.  But  these  humble  movements 
of  the  fathers  of  the  town  were  highly  praiseworthy. 

It  was  several  years  before  the  common  schools 
were  in  successful  operation.  Pass  over  their  history 
for  the  succeeding  quarter  of  a  century.  Imagine  a 
bright  summer  morning,  say  thirty-five  or  forty  years 
ago.  The  prospect  is  that  the  day  will  be  very  warm. 
The  children,  all  barefoot,  the  boys  wearing  nothing 
but  chip-hats,  shirts,  and  pantaloons  supported  by  knit 
suspenders,  go  from  home  about  eight  o'clock.  They 
carry  in  one  hand  a  basket  or  glittering  tin-pail ;  and 
in  the  other,  a  rose,  a  piony,  a  marigold,  white  lilies,  or 
a  bunch  of  flowers  strongly  scented  with  tansy.  Part 
of  the  flowers  are  for  the  schoolmistress.  They  pro- 
ceed leisurely,  looking  at  objects  which  interest  them. 
They  make  bows  or  courtesies  to  every  man  and 
woman  they  meet.  Perhaps  they  are  an  hour  in  going 
a  mile.  Near  the  junction  of  two  or  more  roads  stands 
the  old  school-house.  It  is  a  square  building,  one 
story  high ;  the  roof  from  the  four  sides  meeting  in  a 
common  centre,  and  sloping  barely  enough  to  carry  off* 
the  rain.  No  part  of  it  has  ever  been  touched  with 
paint,  except  a  patch  about  as  large  as  a  hat,  which 
was  daubed  red  one  day  by  a  painter's  rude  boy  when 
passing.  The  board-shutters  are  thrown  back;  and 
against  some  of  them  are  placed  long  poles,  or  rails 
taken  out  of  the  fence.  The  lower  part  of  the  win- 
dows and  the  doors  are  wide  open.  At  a  distance  the 
high-pitched  voice  of  some  one  reading  is  heard,  and 
the  teacher  is  prompting  and  correcting  him.  The 
school  is  begun.  They  enter,  "  making  their  man- 
ners "  as  they  go  in,  hasten  to  the  closet  to  put  away 
their  chip-hats  and  cape-bonnets,  and  then  take  their 
places ;  while  the  whole  school,  except  the  very  smaU 
children,  are  reading  two  verses  apiece  in  the  Bible. 
This  being  over,  they  go  to  their  seats.  Perhaps  some 
take  Webster's  Spelling  Book  or  Third  Part,  or  the 
Art  of  Reading,  or  the  Columbian  Orator,  and  try  to 


296  EDUCATIONAL  HISTORY. 

learn  their  lessons.  A  murmuring  sound  pervades  the 
room ;  and  the  mistress,  while  hearing  a  class  recite, 
tells  the  school  "  not  to  study  so  loud."  The  grave 
monotony  is  soon  broken  by  a  boy,  who  rises  and  calls 
to  the  mistress  across  the  room,  "  Please,  ma'am,  m'l 
g'out  ?  "  If  leave  is  granted,  he  hurries  down  the  hill 
to  the  spring,  and  drinks  at  the  half-hogshead.  School- 
boys are  always  "  dry."  At  half-past  ten,  the  scholars 
have  read  "  once  round  "  in  their  respective  classes,  and 
it  is  time  for  the  recess. 

"  The  boys  may  go  out."  They  go  out  as  fast  as 
they  dare ;  each  one,  as  he  gets  near  the  door,  tossing 
off  a  bow  over  his  shoulder.  All  make  a  rush  for  the 
spring.  There  is  no  tin-cup.  As  many  as  can,  kneel 
around  the  half-hogshead,  and,  applying  their  mouths, 
drink ;  while  others  attempt  to  pacify  their  thirst  by 
scooping  up  the  water  in  the  hollow  of  the  hand,  or 
stopping  it  with  the  hand,  and  drinking  from  the 
spout.  When  they  have  done  drinking,  some  plunge 
their  heads  into  the  water,  even  to  their  necks ;  and,  in 
a  few  minutes,  the  flowing  spring  is  as  clear  as  if  it 
had  not  been  disturbed.  Then  up  the  hill,  on  the  run, 
all  go  to  the  school-house ;  and,  by  the  time  they  arrive, 
they  are  about  as  thirsty  as  when  they  went  down  to 
drink.  In  seven  or  eight  minutes,  the  mistress  raps 
with  her  rule  on  the  window.  It  is  the  signal  for  them 
to  go  in.  One  boy  near  the  door  enters  first.  Shortly 
comes  a  second,  and  then  a  third.  And  now  they 
pour  in,  bobbing  or  jerking  their  heads,  instead  of 
making  graceful  bows.  "  The  girls  may  go  out,"  says 
the  teacher.  They  too  drink,  perhaps  comb  their  hair 
into  fanciful  forms,  and  in  a  few  minutes  return.  A 
busy  hum  succeeds. 

Occasionally  there  is  an  interruption.  James  rises 
in  his  seat,  and  says,  "  Please,  ma'am,  Josiah  keeps 
pinching  and  pricking  me."  Josiah,  a  mischievous 
but  not  malevolent  boy,  eight  or  nine  years  old,  very 
composed  when  called  out  for  a  misdemeanor,  has 
already  received  several  marks^  not  very  heavy,  how- 
ever, of  the  teacher's  displeasure.     "  Josiah,  come  out 


J 


COMMON   SCHOOLS.  297 

here,"  says  the  teacher.  The  boy  advances  to  the 
open  floor.  "  Josiah,  I  have  a  great  deal  of  trouble 
with  you :  I  do  not  know  what  I  shall  do  with  you." 
The  lad  looks  up,  a  little  anxious,  but  still  quite 
calm  and  composed.  "  I  must  ferule  you,  Josiah.  It 
makes  my  heart  ache  to  do  it.  But  I  see  no  other 
way  to  make  you  mind.  How  many  blows  do  you 
think  I  ought  to  give  you  ?  "  Josiah,  becoming  a  little 
more  anxious,  and  wishing  to  make  as  favorable  a 
trade  as  he  can  with  the  teacher,  —  unwilling  to  set 
the  number  either  too  high  lest  he  should  receive  too 
many,  or  too  low  lest  no  attention  would  be  given  to 
his  words,  —  waits  a  few  moments,  while  the  mistress 
is  endeavoring  to  humble  him  by  an  awful  suspense. 
At  length  he  looks  up  a  little  sheepishly,  and  says  to 
her,  "  I  guess  about  three." 

Sometimes  a  long  stick,  with  the  leaves  left  on  the 
end  that  they  may  rustle,  is  extended,  and  shaken 
towards  an  offender.  Perhaps  he  is  not  allowed  to 
go  out  at  the  next  recess.  The  top  of  a  quill  is  cut 
off",  the  feathers  stripped,  and  his  ears  or  forehead  are 
snapped  with  it.  Sometimes  it  is  split,  and  put 
astride  the  nose.  A  long  string  is  tied  around  his 
ear,  and  he  is  required  to  wear  it  "  all  noontime."  The 
thimbled  finger  is  snapped  on  the  forehead.  One 
offender  must  stand  in  the  middle  of  the  floor,  or  take 
his  seat  there  on  a  stone.  Another  is  tortured  by 
being  required  to  press  his  back  against  the  side  of 
the  house  and  squat  down,  thus  "  sitting  on  nothing," 
or  by  keeping  his  forefinger  on  ^  a  nail  in  the  floor, 
and  thus  becoming  almost  crazy  through  the  rush  of 
blood  into  the  head.  Perhaps  the  mistress  stows 
away  a  little  offender  under  her  desk ;  and,  ere  long, 
the  other  scholars  espy  him  peeping  out  to  see  what  is 
going  on.  And  then,  perhaps,  he  is  ordered  into  the 
dark  closet;  the  door  being  kindly  left  open  a  very 
little,  so  that  he  may  not  be  in  total  darkness. 

In  the  meantime,  the  school-exercises  are  conducted 
as  well  as  can  be  expected.     The  mistress  helps  the 
girls  to  fit  their  patchwork,  and  take  up  the  stitches  in 
26 


298  EDUCATIONAL  HISTORY. 

their  knitting,  and  renders  important  aid  in  that  neces- 
sary feat  of  every  girl,  —  the  working  of  a  sampler. 
Notwithstanding  these  interruptions  to  the  studies, 
the  girls,  by  some  peculiar  tact,  learn  as  fast  as  the 
boys,  who  give  their  whole  time  to  them,  and  as  often 
as  otherwise  are  above  them  in  the  class. 

A  class  is  called  out  to  read.  Boys  and  girls  come 
out  and  take  their  places  promiscuously.  There  you 
see  two  girls,  cronies,  who  happen  to  stand  side  by 
side.  They  have  hold  of  each  other's  hands,  and  are 
swinging  them  backwards  and  forwards.  The  teacher 
says  to  the  class,  "  Stand  in  a  straight  line."  Each 
pupil  looks  at  his  toes,  and  puts  the  ends  of  them  just 
at  the  edge  of  the  long  crack  in  the  floor.  "  Attend." 
All  hands  are  dropped,  the  forefinger  being  retained  at 
the  place  in  the  book  where  the  lesson  commences. 
"  Begin."  Bows  and  courtesies  are  simultaneously 
made  along  the  whole  line,  and  the  books  are  raised 
and  opened.  The  child  at  the  head  of  the  class  reads 
a  short  paragraph,  and  then  the  word  "  next "  from  the 
teacher  is  a  signal  for  the  next  in  order  to  commence. 
"  Speak  up  loud."  A  hale  little  fellow  thereupon 
squeaks  up  his  voice  to  the  highest  pitch,  and  ekes 
out,  drawlingly  and  at  long  intervals,  one  word  after 
another,  till  his  portion  is  ended.  Thus  the  work  goes 
on  till  the  reading  is  done. 

"  Shut  up  your  books  and  spell."  No  sooner  said 
than  five  or  six  at  the  head  of  the  class  spell  the  first 
five  or  six  words  in  the  column,  before  the  teacher  has 
time  "  to  put  them  out."  The  teacher  is  not  displeased 
with  the  incident,  the  children  are  consequently  grati- 
fied, and  afterward  this  mode  of  beginning  is  fre- 
quently repeated. 

A  hard  word  comes.  A  little  ambitious,  anxious, 
nervous  girl  fails  to  spell  it.  She  tries  again,  and 
again  fails.  As  she  can  try  only  twice,  she  begins, 
hurriedly  and  stammeringly,  to  recall  her  last  attempt ; 
but  her  teacher  stops  her,  because  "it  would  not  be 
fair  to  let  her  try  again,"  and  calls  on  the  next.  The 
little  girl,  with  eyes  opened   wide  and   a  throbbing 


COMMON   SCHOOLS.  299 

bosom,  stretches  forward  her  head  to  see  if  any  one 
will  speU  it.  As  it  passes  along  down  the  class,  oth- 
ers also  stretch  out  their  necks.  Finally,  some  one, 
a  little  more  fortunate  or  who  has  studied  the  lesson  a 
little  better,  spells  it  correctly.  "  Take  your  place." 
The  speller,  in  a  kind  of  childlike  triumph,  walks  up 
above  the  one  who  first  failed,  and  there  places  herself. 
The  anxious  girl  feels  mortified  and  humbled.  A  tear 
glistens  in  her  eye ;  perhaps  tears  flow  fast  and  freely. 
But  no  matter,  she  will  "  try  harder  "  next  time.  The 
spelling  goes  on.  After  this  is  over,  come  questions 
in  the  abbreviations,  or  the  punctuation,  or  the  numer- 
als, at  the  end  of  the  book.  Perhaps  part  of  them 
are  assigned  as  the  closing  exercise  in  the  afternoon. 
But  in  all  there  is  an  eagerness  to  climb  towards  the 
head  of  the  class. 

It  is  "  noontime."  What  a  noise  and  tumult !  The 
baskets  and  tin-pails  are  brought  forward.  And  such 
a  variety  of  contents !  Doughnuts,  cold  sausages, 
bread  and  butter  and  cheese,  pieces  of  pie,  Indian  ban- 
nocks, fried  cakes,  and  a  multitude  of  other  eatables. 
Look  there!  one  tin-pail  contains  bread  and  milk 
for  dinner.  The  school-children  swallow  their  food 
greedily,  that  they  may  have  time  to  play. 

Not  altogether  unlike  these  are  the  scenes  in  winter. 
And  yet  they  differ.  The  older  children,  who  are  kept 
at  home  in  summer  to  assist  their  fathers  on  the  farm, 
or  their  mothers  in  making  butter  and  cheese  and  in 
spinning,  now  come  to  the  schoolmaster.  Harder 
blows  and  heavier  punishments  are  generally  inflicted 
than  in  summer.  And,  in  some  cases,  the  punish- 
ments are  inhuman.  Possibly  the  ears  are  pulled  tiU 
they  are  nearly  started  from  the  head,  or  they  are 
cuffed;  and  thus  sometimes  is  laid  a  foundation  for 
deafness.  A  savage  master  throws  a  rule  across  the 
room,  and  hits  a  boy  on  the  head.  One  of  the  older 
boys  dislikes  the  master,  and,  on  the  way  home,  tells 
his  playmates  he  is  an  old  fool.  A  mischievous  boy 
repeats  the  words  to  the  master,  who  becomes  enraged. 
The  offender  is  marched  out  into  the  floor,  and  the 


300  EDUCATIONAL  HISTORY. 

ferule  or  the  rod  applied  till  the  room  rings  with  his 
screams,  and  then  he  is  flogged  again  to  be  made  to 
stop  screaming ;  or  he  is  told  to  step  on  a  seat  or 
chair,  or  on  the  steps  to  the  teacher's  desk,  and  for 
twenty  minutes  to  hold  a  book  at  arm's  length.  It  is 
a  punishment  which  only  a  semi-barbarian  would 
inflict.  But  few  minutes  elapse  before  he  is  unable  to 
keep  his  arm  extended.  It  flags,  and  a  blow  is  struck 
on  the  elbow  to  straighten  it.  It  soon  flags  again,  in 
spite  of  aU  the  boy  can  do  to  prevent  it,  and  the  sav- 
age master  repeats  his  blows  upon  his  writhing  and 
crying  pupil.  It  flags  more  and  more.  The  master 
flies  at  him  in  a  passion,  and  applies  his  broad,  flat 
ferule  furiously  to  the  calves  of  his  legs.  Before  the 
twenty  minutes  elapse,  the  boy  is  so  exhausted  that 
the  master  relents  and  sends  him  to  his  seat.  The 
effects  are  felt  for  a  long  time.  The  boy's  arm  is  so 
lame  that  he  cannot  raise  it  to  his  head.  With  his 
left  hand  he  is  obliged  to  pass  his  food  to  his  mouth. 
Thus  is  wasted,  and  worse  than  wasted,  a  portion  of 
the  six  hours  which  should  have  been  given  to  instruc- 
tion. The  girls,  too,  have  to  share  in  the  discipline; 
and  those  that  are  large  are  punished  by  being  made 
to  sit  on  the  ends  of  the  boys'  seats,  and  expose  their 
crimsoned  faces  to  the  whole  school. 

It  is  intermission,  and  there  is  snow.  Of  course 
there  is  snowballing  in  abundance.  There  are  hand- 
sleds,  and  the  boys  slide  down  hill,  carrying  the  little 
children  in  their  laps.  Boys  and  girls  are  dry.  They 
make  hard  snowballs,  bring  them  into  the  school-house, 
and,  standing  on  tiptoe  before  the  rousing  fire,  melt 
them  against  the  high  mantel-piece,  letting  the  drop- 
ping water  trickle  down  to  their  elbows.  The  school- 
room becomes  wet  in  consequence  of  the  running  in 
and  out,  and  the  floor  is  dirty. 

It  is  school-time,  and  no  punishment  is  going  on. 
Some  are  studying  their  parsing  lessons  in  Pope's 
Essay  on  Man,  the  book  almost  universally  used  for 
learning  grammar.  Adams's,  Walsh's,  Welch's,  and, 
for  a  very  extraordinary  "  cipherer,"  Pike's  Arithmetics, 


COMMON   SCHOOLS.  301 

are  recommended.  A  "  smart  scholar,"  after  a  few 
seasons,  gets  as  far  as  the  Single  Rule  of  Three ;  and, 
if  he  gets  through  the  Double  Rule  of  Three,  he  is 
"  something  extra."  There  was  in  town  one  boy  so 
"  smart,"  that,  before  he  was  fifteen  years  old,  he 
ciphered  through  Pike's  large  volume. 

There  were  sometimes  ciphering-schools  in  the  eve- 
ning, when  the  master  met  only  those  who  wanted  to 
cipher  more  than  they  could  in  school-hours;  and 
there  were  also  evening  grammar-schools  and  evening 
spelling-schools.  The  lessons  were  announced  pre- 
viously. The  pupils  came  together.  Two  prominent 
scholars  were  chosen  captains,  and  they  cast  lots  for 
first  choice.  This  being  settled,  they  chose  alternately 
the  different  scholars,  till  all  were  taken  up.  A  word 
was  put  out  by  the  master.  If  it  was  missed,  it  was 
put  to  the  other  side.  If  the  answer  was  then  given 
correctly,  the  person  whose  answer  was  incorrect  went 
over  to  the  other  party.  After  an  hour  or  so,  the  cap- 
tain, or  the  party  which  had  the  most  scholars,  was 
considered  victorious.  Sometimes  the  victory  was 
decided  by  merely  noting  the  number  of  errors  made 
on  either  side.  There  were  two  or  three  such  trials  in 
an  evening. 

Such  were  some  of  the  features  of  common  schools, 
thirty-five  or  forty  years  ago.  In  summer  they  were 
continued  perhaps  ten  weeks,  and  in  the  winter  eight. 
Considering  the  improvements  now  made,  how  few 
persons  will  ever  know  the  school-boy's  or  the  school- 
girl's experience  at  the  commencement  of  the  nine- 
teenth century! 


26* 


302  EDUCATIONAL  HISTORY. 


CHAPTER    XXXIV. 

EDUCATIONAL  HISTORY. 

(^Concluded.') 

School  Districts.  —  School-houses.  —  School  Committees.  —  School 
Agents.  —  School  Children.  —  School  Money.  —  High  Schools,  — 
Lyceum.  —  Libraries. 

SCHOOL   DISTRICTS. 

There  was  probably  no  division  into  school-districts 
before  May  26,  1790,  when  "  the  town  voted  to  be 
divided  into  squadrons  or  divisions  for  the  benefit  of 
schooling,  and  that  David  Woodcock,  Joel  Adams,  and 
Moses  Hawes,  be  a  committee  to  divide  said  inhabi- 
tants." April  7,  1800,  there  was  a  favorable  vote  on 
an  article,  "  to  see  if  the  town  will  order  the  selectmen 
to  divide  the  school-squadron  about  Round  Pond,  &c., 
into  two  squadrons,  agreeable  to  the  request  of  a  num- 
ber of  the  inhabitants."  Feb.  8,  1802,  there  was  an 
unsuccessful  attempt  to  "incorporate  the  squadron 
north  of .  .  .  the  Round  Pond  squadron  to  and  with 
the  said  Round  Pond  squadron,  and  define  the  said 
district  as  is  hereby  requested  of  both  squadrons,"  &c. 
Joseph  Maxcy,  Nathaniel  Robbins,  Matthias  Hawes, 
Jonathan  Newhall,  Jonathan  Carriel,  Bela  Robbins, 
and  Nathan  Blake,  were  chosen  a  committee,  "  one 
man  out  of  each  squadron,  ...  to  fix  the  bounds  of  all 
the  rest  of  the  squadrons  for  schooling."  Their  report 
was  made  and  accepted  April  5 ;  "  only  individuals 
who  are  aggrieved  may  apply  for  redress  to  a  future 
meeting."  The  boundaries  are  on  record.  Various 
modifications  were  subsequently  made  or  proposed, 
till  Sept.  22,  1823 ;  when  a  new  division  of  the  town 
was  made,  and  the  limits  of  the  several  districts  again 
recorded.  April  15,  1833,  a  committee  was  chosen  to 
re-district  the  town,  and  report  at  the  next  annual 
meeting.     The  report  has  not  been  found,  nor  is  there 


SCHOOL-HOUSES  AND   SCHOOL- COMMITTEES.  303 

evidence  on  the  town-records  that  any  was  made. 
There  have  been  some  changes ;  but,  if  the  records  are 
correct  and  full,  there  has  been  no  general  districting 
of  the  town  since  1823. 

SCHOOL-HOUSES. 

The  first  school-house  was  built  near  the  dwelling- 
house  of  Moses  Hawes.  This  was  probably  in  1791, 
as  a  town-meeting  was  held  in  it  Aug.  29  of  that  year. 
The  next  school-house  was  probably  put  up  in  1791  or 
1792 ;  for.  May  7,  1792,  it  was  mentioned  in  a  vote 
"to  accept  the  road  from  Mr.  Irish's  to  the  school- 
house  near  Mr.  Thomas  Daggett's." 

The  records  do  not  show  how  the  expenses  of  build- 
ing were  met,  except  in  one  case.  June  10,  1843,  the 
warrant  contained  an  article  "  to  see  if  the  town  will 
order  a  sufficient  sum  of  money  to  be  raised  by  School 
District  No.  4,  in  said  town  of  Union,  for  the  purpose 
of  building  a  school-house  in  said  town ;  and  also  to 
hear  the  opinion  of  the  town  upon  the  subject  of  a 
disagreement  of  the  voters  of  said  district.  .  .  .  Voted 
to  raise  two  hundred  dollars  for  the  purpose  of  build- 
ing a  school-house  in  District  No.  4."  Generally,  when 
a  school-house  is  to  be  built,  the  district  votes  the 
amount  required :  it  is  assessed  by  the  town-assessors 
on  the  inhabitants  of  the  district,  and  the  town-collec- 
tor collects  it. 

SCHOOL   COMMITTEES. 

1795.  Samuel  Hills,  Matthias  Hawes,  Moses  Hawes. 

1796.  Moses  Hawes,  Josiah  Maxcy,  Matthias  Hawes. 

1797.  Matthias  Hawes,  Joel  Adams,  Samuel  Hills. 

1798.  Joel  Adams,  Samuel  Daggett,  Levi  Morse. 

1799.  Joel  Adams,  Edward  Jones,  Waldron  Stone,  Moses 

Hawes,  Amos  Barrett. 

1800.  Stephen  March,    Esq.,   Dr.  Jonathan  Sibley,  Capt. 

Joseph  Maxcy,  Edward  Jones,  Capt.  Amos  Barrett. 

1801.  Jonathan  Sibley,  Ebenezer  Jennison,  Stephen  March, 

Moses  Hawes,  Daniel  McCurdy. 

1802.  Jonathan  Sibley,  Ebenezer  Jennison,  Stephen  March, 

Amos  Barrett,  Nathan  Blake. 

1803.  Nathan  Blake,  Stephen  March,  Moses  Hawes. 


304  EDUCATIONAL  HISTORY. 

1804.  Samuel  Quiggle,  Samuel  Hills,  Jonathan  Sibley, 
Marlboro'  Packard,  Joel  Adams,  Jeremiah  Mitchell, 
Jonathan  Carriel,  Nathan  Blake. 

1805  and  1806.  (No  record.) 

1807.  Josiah  Maxcy,  Robert  Bunting,  J.  Warren  Lindley, 

Nathan  Blake,  Joel  Adams,  Edward  Jones,  Henry 
Blunt,  John  Lermond,  Henry  Starrett. 

1808.  Josiah  Maxcy,  Robert  Bunting,  Noah  Rice,  Nathan 

Blake,  Jason  Ware,  Jere.  Mitchell,  Pente  Walcott, 
John  Lermond,  Wm.  Starrett,  Nathaniel  Bobbins. 

1809.  Edmund  Mallard,  John  Little,  Robert  Bunting. 

1810.  William  White,  John  Little,  Charles  Pope. 

1811.  William  White,  Henry  True,  Charles  Pope,    John 

Little,  Jonathan  Sibley.  After  this  election,  which 
was  in  March,  a  change  was  made  ;  and,  in  April,  a 
committee-man  for  each  district  was  chosen.  — 
These  were  Micajah  Gleason,  Nathaniel  Bobbins, 
Noah  Rice,  Jonathan  Sibley,  Nathaniel  Bachelor, 
Thomas  Mitchell,  jun.,  Jonathan  Carriel,  John 
Lermond,  William  Starrett. 
1812—1814.   (No  record.) 

1815.  Major  Robert  Foster,  John  Little,  Jonathan  Sibley. 

1816.  Robert  Foster,  John  Little,  Jonathan  Sibley. 

1817.  Henry  True,  Robert  Foster,  John  Little. 

1818.  Henry  True,  Daniel  F.  Harding,  John  Bulfinch. 

1819.  Daniel  F.  Harding,  John  Bulfinch. 

1820.  Henry  True,  D.  F.  Harding,  John  Bulfinch. 

1821.  Henry  True,  D.  F.  Harding,  Jonathan  Sibley. 

1822.  Henry  True,  D.   F.  Harding,  John  Bulfinch,  Elisha 

Harding,  Jonathan  Sibley. 

1823.  Daniel  F.  Harding,  Elisha  Harding,  Henry  True. 

1824.  Henry  True,  Daniel  F.  Harding,  Jonathan  Sibley. 

1825.  Henry  True,  Noyes  P.  Hawes,  Elisha  Harding. 

1826.  Henry  True,  Elisha  Harding,  Daniel  F.  Harding. 

1827.  Henry  True,  Elisha  Harding,  Daniel  F.  Harding. 

1828.  Henry  True,  Daniel  F.  Harding,  John  Bovee  Dods. 

1829.  John  B.  Dods,  Elisha  Harding,  Noah  Bartlett. 

1830.  Elisha  Harding,  Daniel  F.  Harding,  Josiah  F.  Day. 

1831.  Elisha  Harding,  Daniel  F.  Harding,  Noah  Bartlett. 

1832.  Daniel  F.  Harding,  Thomas  Gore,  Oren  Sikes. 

1833.  Elisha  Harding,  Daniel  F.  Harding,  John  S.  Abbot. 

1834.  Elisha  Harding,  Daniel  F.  Harding,  Josiah  F.  Day. 

1835.  Henry  True,  Amos  Drake,  Joel  Adams. 


SCHOOL   AGENTS.  305 

1836.  Elisha  Harding,  Josiah  F.  Day,  Peter  Adams. 

1837.  Elisha  Harding,  Josiah  F.  Day,  Peter  Adams. 

1838.  Elisha  Harding,  Isaac  Flitner,  Nelson  Cutler. 

1839.  Isaac  Flitner,  Elisha  Harding,  Joel  Adams. 

1840.  Moses  P.  Webster,  A.  S.  Dudley,  Horatio  Ilsley. 

1841.  Asa  Messer,  Robert  Thompson,  jun.,  Edward  Hills. 

1842.  Robert  Thompson,  jun.,  Edward  Hills,  Asa  Messer. 

1843.  Joshua  S.  Green,  Amos  Drake,  Asa  Messer. 

1844.  Joseph  Irish,  John  Adams,  Andrew  Libbey. 

1845.  Elijah  Vose,  Joseph  Irish,  John  Adams. 

1846.  Rev.  F.  W.   Baxter,  Rev.   Samuel  Bowker,  Rev.  M. 

R.  Hopkins. 

1847.  Samuel  Bowker,  Joseph  Irish,  Perez  B.  Sayward. 

1848.  Joseph  Irish,  Albert  Thurston,  Robert  Thompson,  jr. 

1849.  Joseph  Irish,  John  Adams,  Seth  M.  Cushman. 

1850.  The  Selectmen  and  Treasurer. 

Since  the  separation  of  Maine  from  Massachusetts, 
there  have  been  superintending  school-committees  and 
school-agents.  The  duties  of  superintending  school- 
committees  are  to  fill  vacancies  happening  in  their 
Board  during  the  term  of  their  office,  to  examine  can- 
didates for  teaching,  to  direct  the  general  course  of 
instruction  and  designate  the  books  to  be  used,  to 
visit  the  schools,  to  dismiss  unsuitable  teachers,  to 
expel  refractory  scholars,  and  to  make  to  the  select- 
men, within  fourteen  days  preceding  the  annual  town- 
meeting,  a  return  of  the  state  of  the  schools. 

SCHOOL  AGENTS. 

1820.  Spencer  Walcott,  Herman  Hawes,  Marlboro'   Pack- 

ard, Walter  Blake,  Nathaniel  Bachelor,  John 
Walker,  Henry  Blunt,  John  Lermond,  Fisher  Hart, 
Samuel  Hagar. 

1821.  Spencer   Walcott,    David  Bobbins,   jun.,  Benjamin 

Litchfield,  William  Libbey,  Matthias  Hawes,  Na- 
than D.  Rice,  Joseph  Morse,  Henry  Fossett, 
Joseph  Miller,  Moses  Morse. 

1822.  Joseph  Vaughan,  ^  David  Robbins,   jun.,    Benjamin 

Litchfield,  Oliver  Pratt,  Ebenezer  W.  Adams, 
Thomas  Mitchell,  Jonathan  Carriel,  jun.,  Robert 
Foster,  Obadiah  Gardner. 

*  Some  members  of  the  family  spell  the  word  Vaughn  without  the  a. 


306  EDUCATIONAL  HISTORY. 

1823.  Amos  Walker,  David  Robbins,  jun.,  John  W.  Lind- 

ley,  Nathan  Hills,  Nathan  D.  Rice,  Calvin  Gleason, 
William  Bryant,  Abel  Walker,  Micajah  Gleason, 
Samuel  Hagar. 

1824.  Ebenezer   Alden,    David    Robbins,^  j^n.,    Leonard 

Wade,  Isaac  Hills,  Nathan  D.  Rice,  Joseph  Morse, 
Samuel  Stone,  Simon  Fuller,  Fisher  Hart,  Samuel 
Hagar. 

1825.  Abiel  Gay,  Herman  Hawes,  Spencer  Mero,  Phinehas 

Butler,  Nathaniel  Bachelor,  Thomas  Mitchell,  Ro- 
bert Thompson,  John  Hemenway,  Sanford  Hills, 
Leonard  Bump,  John  C.  Robbins. 

1826.  Jesse  Drake,  John  C.  Robbins,  Spencer  Mero,  Phi- 

nehas Butler,  Galen  Hawes,  John  Gowen,  John 
Walker,  Obadiah  Gardner,  Leonard  FoUansbee, 
Leonard  Bump. 

1827.  Zaccheus  Litchfield,  John  P.  Robbins,  Ebenezer  Cobb, 

John  Bachelder,  Isaac  Upham,  Lewis  Bachelder, 
Joseph  Miller,  John  Hart,  Martin  Sidelinger, 
David  Cummings. 

1828.  Josiah  F.   Day,  Moses  Simmons,   William   Libbey, 

Galen  Hawes,  John  Gov/en,  John  Walker,  John 
Lermond,  William  Gleason,  Martin  Sidelinger, 
Herman  Hawes. 

1829.  John  Butler,  Jason  Robbins,  Noah  Rice,   Ebenezer 

Cobb,  Philo  Thurston,  Daniel  Law,  Ebenezer 
Blunt,  Hermon  Mero,  Phillips  C.  Harding,  Benja- 
min L.  Law,  Nathan  Bachelder. 

1830.  Daniel  F.  Harding,  Noah  Bartlett,  Ebenezer  Rob- 

bins, Ebenezer  Cobb,  Ebenezer  Adams,  Jonathan 
Morse,  Henry  Fossett,  Jason  Davis,  Leonard  Fol- 
lansbee,  Sewell  Hagar,  Nathan  Bachelder. 

1831.  Ebenezer   Alden,   John  L.   Robinson,   Marlborough 

Packard,  jun.,  Isaac  Hills,  Nathan  D.  Rice,  Thad- 
deus  Luce,  Jacob  Sibley,  Gilbert  Blackington, 
Daniel  Sidelinger,  Elias  Skidmore,  Nathan  Daniels, 
jun. 

1832.  John    Payson,    John   L.    Robinson,   Ziba  Simmons, 

Isaac  Hills,  John  Bachelder,  Nathaniel  Tobey, 
Ebenezer  Blunt,  Christopher  Young,  Sewell  Ha- 
gar, Elias  Skidmore,  Sanford  Hills. 

*  May  3,  Charles  Whiting  Hawes  was  chosen  in  place  of  David 
Robbins,  jun.,  resigned. 


SCHOOL  AGENTS.  307 

1833.  Nathan  Daniels,  Josiah  F.  Day,  Waldron  S.  Butler, 

Daniel  Sidelinger,  Joseph  Vaughan,  William  Lib- 
bey,  Leonard  Barnard,  Stephen  Carriel,  Joseph 
Miller,  William  S.  Luce,  Walter  Adams,  Jonathan 
Eastman. 

1834.  Elisha  Harding,  Nahum  Thurston,  John  K.    Post, 

Isaac  Hills,  Marlboro'  Packard,  jun.,  Cyrus  Rob- 
bins,  Christopher  Young,  Charles  Hibbard,  Daniel 
Sidelinger,  Jason  Robbins,  Charles  Hall. 

1835.  Elisha  Harding,    Josiah  F.  Day,  Joseph  Vaughan, 

jun.,  Vinal  Hills,  Spencer  Mero,  Nathaniel  Tobey, 
Sterling  Davis,  jun.,  Elias  Skidmore,  Benjamin 
L.  Law,  George  Cummings,  Peter  Adams. 

1836.  Spencer   Walcott,  Josiah  F.   Day,  Ambrose  Leach, 

Joshua  Morse,  Benjamin  Litchfield,  William  Dag- 
gett, Stephen  Carriel,  John  Burns,  Elbridge  Ler- 
mond,  Elias  Skidmore,  Sewell  Hagar,  Stephen  S. 
Hawes,  Ebenezer  Cobb. 

1837.  "  Voted  that  the  several  school- districts  choose  their 

own  agents." 

1838.  J.   W.    Lermond,   Nathaniel  Robbins,  jun.,   Daniel 

Sidelinger,  Judson  Caswell,  Elisha  Harding,  John 
Stevens,  Amos  Drake,  Jason  Robbins,  Suell  Cum- 
mings, Nathan  Hills,  James  Grinnell,  Samuel 
Daggett,  William  Coggan. 

1839.  Amos  Drake,  William  G.  Hawes,  Noah  Rice,  Joshua 

Morse,  Nathan  Bachelder,  E.  H.  Small,  Milton 
Daniels,  William  Gleason,  Samuel  Sidelinger,  Ro- 
bert Thompson,  C.  G.  Bachelder,  David  Grafton, 
Samuel  Stone. 

1 840.  Voted  that  the  school-districts  choose  their  own  agents, 

and  make  returns  of  those  chosen  to  the  town- 
clerk  in  April  next. 

1841.  Amos  Walker,  David  Robbins,  Marlboro'  Packard, 

Walter.  Blake,  Otis  Hawes,  John  Walker,  jun., 
Benjamin  Go  wen,  Lewis  Andrews,  Charles  Fogler, 
Sewell  Hagar,  Elias  Skidmore,  Ebenezer  Cobb, 
Daniel  D.  Law. 

1842.  Spencer  Walcott,  Willard  Robbins,  Suell  Cummings, 

James  Thompson,  Vinal  Ware,  Daniel  Walker, 
jun.,  Joseph  Bryant,  Wilbur  Davis,  Fisher  Hart, 
Samuel  Hagar,  William  Caswell,  Nelson  Cutler, 
Joel  Adams. 


308  EDUCATIONAL  HISTORY. 

1843.  Joseph  Daniels,  Isaac  Fuller,  Isley  Martin,  Joshua 

Morse,  Joseph  Irish,  Samuel  C.  Fuller,  William 
Coggan,  John  Lermond,  Joseph  Gleason,  John 
Hagar,  Elijah  Lermond,  C.  Young,  Thaddeus 
Luce.  There  is  an  obscurity  in  the  records  ;  for 
afterward  were  chosen  Peter  Adams,  Benjamin 
Achorn,  J.  M.  Gleason,  Israel  Barker. 

1844.  F.  A.  Daniels,  Jason  Bobbins,    Asa  Morse,    Josiah 

Sterling,  Joseph  Cole,  Calvin  Gleason,  jun.,  Sa- 
muel Stone,  Jason  Davis,  Bobert  McGuier,  Ebe- 
nezer  Sidelinger,  Walter  W.  Clark,  John  Jones, 
S.  Carriel,  Phinehas  Butler. 

1845.  J.  F.  Hart,  Leonard  Barnard,  Nathan  Hills,  Nathan 

Bachelder,  Asa  Walker,  Calvin  Boggs,  Lyman 
Alden,  Ebenezer  Sidelinger,  Samuel  Cummings, 
John  Stevens,  Pond  Davis,  Elias  Skidmore,  and, 
subsequently,  John  H.  Gowen,  David  Bobbins. 

1846.  1847,  1848,  and  probably  since,  the  town  has  "  voted 

that  the  several  districts  choose  their  own  agents." 

The  duties  of  school-agents  are  to  employ  teach- 
ers, to  provide  fuel  and  utensils  and  make  repairs,  to 
notify  superintending  school-committees  of  the  com- 
mencement of  the  schools,  and  to  make  annual  returns 
of  the  number  of  scholars. 

SCHOOL   CHILDREN. 

Relating  to  the  number  of  school-children,  there  is 
no  record  earlier  than  March  5,  1804,  when  it  was  — 

"  Voted  to  accept  the  following  motion  :  That,  in  future, 
each  school-district  shall  appoint  a  committee  to  make  and 
return  to  the  selectmen  annually,  in  the  month  of  May,  a 
list  of  the  names  by  families  of  the  children  who  have  their 
actual  home  in  the  district,  and  have  a  legal  right  to  draw 
school-money,  viz. :  All  such  as  have  arrived  to  the  age  of 
four  years  on  the  first  day  of  the  same  month,  and  those 
who  are  no  more  than  sixteen  [on]  said  day,  and  all  who 
are  of  the  age  between  the  two  described ;  and,  if  such  re- 
turns shall  be  neglected,  it  shall  be  the  duty  of  the  selectmen  to 
proportion  the  school-money  in  the  manner  following,  viz. :  To 
take  the  list  of  the  preceding  year,  and  deduct  therefrom 
one-half  the  number,  and  proportion  the  money  accordingly. 


SCHOOL   CHILDREN.  309 

[May  14,1 806],  "Voted  to  return  the  number  of  school-cliil- 
dren  in  the  same  manner  as  they  were  returned  last  year." 

[April  1,  1811],  "Voted  to  accept  the  following  motion 
as  made  by  Nathan  Blake,  viz.  :  That  a  committee  be  chosen 
in  each  school- district,  and  the  people  of  each  district  be 
allowed  the  privilege  of  nominating  their  committee  ;  and 
it  shall  be  the  duty  of  said  committee  to  make  a  list  of  all 
the  school-children  in  their  district,  between  the  age  of  four 
and  sixteen  years,  as  they  are  on  the  first  day  of  May,  with 
the  Christian  and  surname,  and  the  family  to  which  they 
belong  ;  likewise  to  procure  teachers  of  the  school,  agreeable 
to  instructions  they  may  receive  from  their  district ;  and,  after 
the  close  of  a  school-term,  said  committee  shall  certify  to  the 
selectmen  how  much  money  has  been  expended  in  schooling, 
and  to  whom  they  wish  to  have  the  money  ordered.  And,  if 
a  list  of  any  district  shall  not  be  presented  to  the  selectmen 
on  or  before  the  first  of  June,  it  shall  be  the  duty  of  the  select- 
men to  ascertain  the  number  of  scholars  in  each  district,  by 
deducting  for  the  list  of  the  preceding  year  one-eighth  part.'* 

[April  5,1817],"  Voted  that  the  number  of  scholars  in  each 
school-district  be  numbered,  and  that  number  be  turned  in  to 
the  selectmen  in  the  month  of  June  ;  and,  if  any  district  fail  to 
do  it,  such  district  shall  lose  twenty  per  cent  of  their  money." 

The  next  year  it  was  voted  that  the  return  should 
be  made  on  or  before  the  first  of  June,  under  a  penalty 
of  ten  per  cent  deduction ;  but  July  1  was  subsequently 
substituted  for  June  1. 

The  number  of  scholars  has  not  generally  been  entered 
on  the  town-records.  An  approximation  may  be  made 
when  there  is  a  specification  of  the  sum  of  money 
raised  for  each  scholar. 

Between  four  and  sixteen  years  of  age,  there  were  in — 


Years,  Scholars. 

1803  ...  261 

1804  ...  287 

1805  ...  327 


Years.  Scholars. 

1807  ...  347 

1809  ...  306 

1810  ...  323 


Years.  Scholars. 

1816  ...  427 

1817  .   .   .  427 
1819  ...  461 


In  1826,^  "  there  were  715  scholars  between  the  ages 
of  four  and  twenty-one." 

*  Mr.  N.  P.  Hawes.  —  At  this  time,  "  the  books  recommended  by  the 
superintending  school- committee  to  be  used  in  the  schools  were  the 
United  States  Spelling-book  by  N.  P.  Hawes,  Testament,  Murray's  Eng- 
27 


810 


EDUCATIONAL  HISTORY. 


Years. 

Scholars. 

Years. 

Scholars. 

Years. 

1833   . 

.  358 

1839   . 

.  773 

1844  .   . 

1834  . 

.   714 

1840   . 

.  757 

1845  .   . 

1835  . 

.  713 

1841    . 

.  810 

1846  .   . 

1836  . 

.   706 

1842   . 

.   798 

1847-8  . 

1837  . 

.  701 

1843   . 

.   784 

1848-9  . 

1838  . 

.  738 

The  following  is  the  number  of  scholars  between  the 
ages  of  four  and  twenty-one  on  the  first  day  of  May, 
as  returned  at  different  times  by  the  school-committee, 
under  oath,  to  the  State-treasurer's  office.  Upon  this  is 
based  the  proportion  of  school-money  which  has  been 
received  by  the  town  from  the  State. 

Scholars. 

812 
851 
841 
870 
873 

SCHOOL-MONEY. 

It  has  been  stated,  that,  July  14,  1788,  the  vote  of 
April,  1787,  was  modified,  so  that  the  inhabitants  could 
have  the  "  privilege  of  paying  town-charges  and  school- 
ing" in  produce.^  Hence  it  may  be  inferred,  that  an 
appropriation  for  schooling  was  made  as  early  as  1787. 
There  is,  however,  no  record  of  any  before  April  7, 
1788;  and  the  XIO  voted  for  town-charges  in  1787 
was  no  more  than  was  voted  for  the  same  purpose  in 
1788,  when  there  was  an  additional  .£10,  expressly  for 
schooling.  Sometimes  the  total  amount  of  school- 
money  has  been  recorded;  at  other  times,  only  the 
amount  for  each  scholar;^  and,  when  both  sums  are 
mentioned,  they  do  not  always  agree.  Sometimes, 
when  the  amount  for  each  scholar  is  given,  there  is  no 
record  of  the  number  of  scholars.  At  other  times,  the 
number  of  scholars  is  not  given,  and  the  amount  for  each 
is  not  unequivocally  stated.  Accordingly,  the  follow- 
ing is  but  an  approximation  to  the  annual  expenditure  : 

lish  Reader,  Introduction  to  Murray's  English  Reader,  all  of  the  pro- 
nouncing kind ;  Kinne's  Arithmetic,  Ingersoll's  Grammar,  large  and 
small ;  Woodbridge's  Geography,  large  and  small ;  and  Wtdker's  Dic- 
tionary." 

*  In  1791,  the  tax  was  paid  in  produce. 

*  In  1803,  the  appropriation  for  each  scholar  was  $1.15;  in  1804, 
either  $1.25  or  $1.50  ;  in  1805  and  many  other  years,  $1.25  ;  in  1820, 
$1.12j^.  The  law  now  requires,  that  each  town  shall  raise  for  school- 
ing an  amount  equal  at  least  to  forty  cents  for  each  inhabitant. 


SCHOOL  MONEY. 

311 

Years.       Sums.  1    Years.             Sums. 

Years.           Sums. 

Years.           Sums. 

1788,  £10 

1796,  $100.00 

1804,  $351.75 

1811,  $385.00 

1789,  £10 

1797,   $125.00 

or  $654.00 

1812,   $408.00 

1790,  £19 

1798,   $150.00 

1805,   $654.00 

1813,   $412.00 

1791,  £20 

1799,   $180.00 

1806,   $644.00 

1814,   $452.00 

1792,   £20 

1800,  $200.00 

1807,  $694.00 

1815,  $575.00 

1793,  £20 

1801,   $200.00 

1808,   $341.00 

1816,  $533.75 

1794,    — 

1802,   $250.00 

1809,   $385.00 

1817,  $533.75 

1795,  £10 

1803,   $300.15 

1810,   $496.00 

After  the  year  1817,  the  records  contain  the  appor- 
tionment for  each  district. 

By  an  Act  of  the  Legislature  of  Maine,  passed  in 
1828,  all  money  derived  from  the  sales  of  public  land 
was  to  constitute  a  permanent  fund,  the  annual  income 
to  be  distributed  for  the  purposes  of  education  among 
the  towns,  according  to  the  number  of  persons  therein, 
between  the  ages  of  four  and  twenty-one.  By  another 
Act,  passed  March  31,  1831,  every  bank  was  taxed  one 
per  cent  annually.  March  4,  1833,  a  law  was  made 
that  the  whole  of  this  tax  should  be  regularly  distri- 
buted, like  the  income  of  the  permanent  fund.  Ac- 
cordingly, at  different  times,  the  town  has  received  its 
proportion,  as  follows :  — 


Years. 

Sums. 

When  Paid. 

1833  .   .   . 

.      $29.54  .   . 

1834  .  .   . 

.     $95.67  .   . 

1835  .   .   . 

.   .   $102.54  .   . 

. 

1836  .   .   . 

.   $135.53  .   . 

.   .  Feb.     27,  1837. 

1837  .   .  . 

.  $179.34  .  . 

.  .  April    17,  1838. 

1838  .   .   . 

.   $176.29  .   . 

.   .  June     30,  1840. 

1839  .   .   . 

.   $169.47  .   . 

.   .  Nov.     18,  1840. 

1840  .   .  . 

.   $151.11   .   . 

.   .  March  22,  1841. 

1841   .   .   . 

.   $129.93  .   . 

.   .   .  April    21,  1842. 

1842  .   .   . 

.   $111.65   .   . 

.   .  April    27,  1843. 

1843  .   .   . 

.  .  $101.77   .  . 

.  .   .  April      6,  1844. 

1844  .   .   . 

.   .     $97.44  .   . 

.   .   .  March  27,  1845 

1845  .   .   . 

.  .  $100.51   .   . 

.   .  June     30,  1846 

1846  .   .   . 

.   .      $98.98   .   . 

.  .   .  July      21,  1847. 

1847-48   . 

.   .     $96.73  .   . 

.   .  Sept.       9,  1848 

1848-49   . 

.   .      $98.31    .   . 

.   .  July        7,  1849 

1849-50  . 

.   .  $116.10  .  . 

1850 

312 


EDUCATIONAL  HISTORY. 


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314  EDUCATIONAL  HISTORY. 

It  is  very  common,  after  the  school  of  a  district 
is  finished  for  the  season,  to  continue  the  teacher  seve- 
ral weeks  longer ;  each  parent  paying  a  specified  sum 
each  week  for  every  child  that  he  sends,  so  that  the 
amount  considerably  exceeds  what  is  stated  in  the  pre- 
ceding tables. 

April  6,  1801,  two  articles  relating  to  school-money 
were  "  dropped."  The  first  was  to  see  if  the  town 
would  "  grant  a  sum  of  money  to  purchase  books  for 
the  use  of  schools  in  the  several  districts ; "  the  second, 
to  see  if  the  town  would  "  allow  the  collector  to  pay 
in  their  part  or  proportion  of  schooling-money  to  the 
treasurer  of  each  district." 

April,  1816,  "  Voted  that  the  selectmen  should  not 
give  an  [order]  to  draw  any  money  from  the  treasury, 
unless  the  instructors  first  produce  a  certificate  from 
the  school-committee  that  they  are  duly  qualified  to 
teach  said  school."  This  vote  was  repeated  in  sub- 
stance the  succeeding  year.  And  May  1,  1817,  when 
an  article  was  brought  forward  to  see  if  the  town  would 
"  vote  to  have  the  selectmen  grant  orders  to  the  school- 
districts,  where  their  teachers  have  not  obtained  a 
recommendation,  viz.  District  No.  7  and  No.  10,  it  was 
voted  to  drop  the  article." 

April,  1817,  voted  to  pass  over  an  article  to  see 
if  the  town  would  "  allow  Jonathan  Sibley  to  have  his 
proportion  of  the  school-money,  and  apply  it  to  school- 
ing his  own  children  in  his  own  way."  July  4,  1820, 
upon  a  proposition  to  "  let  Leonard  Bump  receive  his 
proportion  of  money  that  his  scholars  drawed  in  1819, 
and  what  they  will  draw  in  1820  from  School-district 
No.  7,"  the  money  was  granted,  "  provided  he  satisfied 
the  selectmen  that  it  had  been  expended  in  schooling 
his  children."  In  1822,  it  was  again  granted  ;  but  "  he 
was  first  to  produce  a  certificate  from  the  master  or 
mistress  that  the  same  had  been  expended  in  schooling 
his  children,  they  being  duly  qualified  as  the  law  re- 
quires for  school-instructors." 

It  appears  from  the  preceding  votes,  that  there  were 
brought  forward,  in  advance  of  the  times,  some  con- 


HIGH    SCHOOLS.  315 

siderations  which  have  since  been  reduced  to  laws; 
and  that,  whatever  may  have  been  the  motive  or  the 
result,  there  was  vigilance  that  the  money  should  be 
spent  for  the  general  good.  There  are,  however,  some 
evils  yet  to  be  remedied.  One  of  these  is  the  sub- 
division of  districts,  and  the  consequent  shortness  of 
the  schools ;  another  is  too  gi*eat  lenity  in  examining 
into  the  qualifications  of  teachers.  Thorough  teachers 
are  the  cheapest ;  and  long  schools,  though  considerably 
large,  are  miuch  better  for  a  town  than  short  schools 
with  but  few  pupils.  Two  neighboring  districts  might 
unite,  and  let  the  scholars  in  each  attend  both  the 
schools,  which  might  be  taught  in  different  months. 
By  the  union  of  several,  there  might  be  grades  and  one 
high  school  in  town,  without  additional  expense. 

HIGH  SCHOOLS. 

The  liberally  educated  men  in  town  have  always 
been  ready  to  aid  any  person  who  wished  to  pursue 
studies  not  ordinarily  taught  in  the  common  schools. 
There  have  sometimes  been  private  schools  for  teach- 
ing the  higher  branches  of  education.  During  the 
latter  part  of  each  of  the  years  1824,  1825,  and  1826, 
Noyes  P.  Hawes  kept  a  private  school  on  the  com- 
mon. The  first  strictly  classical  school  was  probably 
taught  by  J.  B.  Pitkin. 

"  He  came  to  Union  on  foot,  with  his  earthly  effects,  real 
and  personal,  in  a  bundle  under  his  arm,  in  the  fall  of  1828. 
He  was  poorly  clad,  and  had  the  appsarance  of  one  far 
gone  in  consumption.  He  announced  himself  as  a  writing- 
master,  and  soon  opened  a  writing-school.  He  did  not 
take  the  pupil's  writing-book  and  reverse  it  when  he  wrote, 
but  penned  the  copy  across  the  desk,  not  only  inverted  but 
backward.  His  writing,  though  done  in  this  way,  was  pre- 
eminently beautiful.  The  proceeds  of  his  school  supplied, 
his  wants,  and  he  continued  to  live  among  us.  There  was 
about  him  an  air  of  great  reserve  ;  and  no  one  knew  his 
acquirements,  his  history,  whence  he  came,  or  whither  he 
was  destined.  After  teaching  a  writing-school  for  some 
time,  in  the  fall  of  1829  he  opened  a  school  for  the  higher 


316  EDUCATIONAL   HISTORY. 

branches,  such  as  Latin,  Greek,  grammar,  geography,  &c., 
in  the  Round  Pond  School-house.  And  there  for  the  first 
time  we  learned  that  he  was  a  good  classical  scholar,  who 
had  received  an  education  at  the  seminary  in  Quebec. 
After  teaching  several  months,  he  commenced  preaching, 
and  connected  himself  with  the  Universalist  denomination. 
He  remained  at  Union  the  next  year  preaching.  Early  in 
the  year  1830,  Mr.  Pitkin  left  Union  for  the  south.  His 
health  was  much  improved,  though  the  seeds  of  consump- 
tion were  too  deeply  rooted  in  his  constitution  to  be  eradi- 
cated. He  went  to  Richmond,  Va.,  became  connected  with 
the  Unitarian  denomination,  and  a  fine  church  was  erected 
for  him  in  the  city,  where  he  preached  for  several  years, 
and  died  some  years  ago,  universally  lamented  and  beloved 
by  all  who  knew  him.  Mr.  Pitkin  was  distinguished  for  his 
reserve,  for  his  quiet,  unassuming  demeanor,  and  his  gentle, 
unoffending  manners."  ^ 

With  the  exception  of  the  summer  months,  a  high 
school  has  been  taught  for  the  most  part  of  the  time, 
during  several  years,  by  Joshua  S.  Greene,  who  for 
about  two  years  was  a  member  of  Bowdoin  College. 
Here  studies  are  pursued  which  are  required  for  ad- 
mission to  College. 

During  five  or  six  months  in  the  year  1832,  a  high 
school  lor  young  ladies  was  taught  by  Susan  B. 
Owen,  a  native  of  Brunswick.  She  afterwards  mar- 
ried Rev.  James  B.  Britton,  of  Dayton,  Ohio,  who  in 
1849  declined  the  bishopric  of  Illinois. 

LYCEUM. 

In  the  winters  of  1830-^1  and  of  1831-32,  there  was 
a  Lyceum.  Dr.  Jonathan  Sibley  was  the  president. 
Of  the  lectures  one  was  by  Dr.  Harding  on  quackery ; 
one  by  Dr.  H.  A.  True  on  a  library,  and  its  beneficial 
influence ;  and  two  were  given  by  the  president  on  his- 
torical incidents  and  events  connected  with  the  town 
of  Union,  and  the  early  settlement  of  the  country. 

*  MS.  Journal  of  A.  C.  Robbins,  Esq.,  of  Brunswick.  Mr.  Pitkin 
died  early  in  1835,  probably  at  St.  Augustine,  Fa.,  where  he  went 
for  his  health.     See  Christian  Register,  March  28,  1835. 


LIBRARIES.  317 


LIBRAUIES. 

At  the  close  of  the  last  century,  there  was  a  library, 
which  contained  several  valuable  books.  March  3, 
1800,  an  article  was  brought  forward  "  to  see  if  the 
town  would  choose  a  committee  to  meet  a  committee 
of  the  '  Federal  Society '  on  the  subject  of  turning 
the  Union  Library  to  the  town."  The  article  was 
dropped.  The  volumes  were  kept  together  many 
years  afterward ;  but  no  additions  of  consequence 
were  made  to  them.  Finally,  the  proprietors  in  town 
severally  took  what  they  considered  their  share  of  the 
volumes,  and  the  library  was  broken  up. 

In  1814,  the  young  men  made  a  movement  to  form 
another  library.  It  was  carried  on  with  considerable 
spu'it  for  some  time.  Their  constitution  was  signed 
by  Noyes  P.  Hawes,  Walter  Morse,  Joel  Hills,  Otis 
Hawes,  John  Bowes,  Whiting  Hawes,  Reuben  Hills, 
jun.,  Ebenezer  Barrett,  Robert  N.  Foster.  To  these 
were  subsequently  added  Jonathan  Eastman,  Ezra 
Bowen,  Isaac  Hills,  Barnard  Morse,  Galen  Hawes, 
Thomas  A.  Mitchell,  and  Russell  Sargent.  Several 
of  the  young  men  moved  from  the  town  in  two  or 
three  years,  and  the  interest  subsided. 

The  Union  Library  Society  was  organized  in  1825, 
with  about  forty  members.  In  the  course  of  a  year 
or  two,  the  library  contained  nearly  two  hundred  vo- 
lumes. At  the  present  time,  there  are,  including  large 
and  small,  several  hundred  volumes,  belonging  to  the 
Sunday-schools  of  the  different  religious  societies. 


318  PROFESSIONAL   HISTORY. 

CHAPTER   XXXV. 

PROFESSIONAL  HISTORY. 


College  Graduates.  —  Lawyers.  —  Physicians.  —  Indian  Doctor.  — 
TJi'ine  Doctor.  —  Singing  Masters  and  Singing  Schools.  —  Brass 
Band. 

COLLEGE   GRADUATES.  1 

Isaac  Bowen,  Brown  University,  1816. 
John  Langdon  Sibley,  Harvard  University,  1825. 
Henry  Ayer  True,  Bowdoin  College,  1832. 
A.UGUSTUS  CoGGSWELL  RoBBiNS,  Bowdoin  College,  1835. 
Henry  Fiske  Harding,  Bowdoin  College,  1850. 

LAWYERS. 

Robert  McClintock,  an  educated  Englishman  or 
Scotchman,  having  a  wife  and  two  or  three  children, 
was  in  town,  according  to  the  tax-bill,  as  early  as 
1791.  He  lived  near  Hills'  Mills,  and  occasionally 
"  did  law-business."  Not  being  able  to  adapt  himself 
to  the  Yankee  mode  of  getting  a  living  in  a  new 
country,  he  became  poor,  and,  it  is  said,  lived  for 
some  time  im  a  barn,  in  the  McGuier  neighborhood  in 
Waldoborough,  and  finally  died  in  it. 

William  White,  of  Chester,  N.H.,  a  graduate  of 
Dartmouth  College  in  1806  ;  commenced  practice  in 
August,  1809 ;  and  in  September,  1812,  moved  to 
Belfast,  where  he  died. 

LiTHGOw  Hunter,  a  graduate  of  Bowdoin  College 
in  1809 ;  in  town  from  November,  1812,  to  March  13, 
1813 ;  now  lives  in  Topsham  or  Brunswick. 

'  The  first  four  graduates  were  born  in  one  school-district.  The 
second,  third,  and  fourth  were  born  on  the  liobbins  Neck  ;  the  first 
two  of  them  in  the  True  House,  so  called,  now  owned  by  Mr.  Fog- 
ler;  and  the  other,  sixty  or  eighty  rods  north  of  it.  Another  native 
of  Maine,  Freeman  Luce  Daggett,  son  of  Edmund  Daggett,  for  many 
years  resident  at  Hope,  is  an  undergraduate  of  Bowdoin  College.  In 
comparison  with  the  neighboring  towns  the  number  is  large.  In  the 
vicinit}''  are  some  town?  which  have  not  furnished  any  college  graduates. 


LAWYERS.  319 

George  Kimball,  probably  of  Harvard,  Mass.,  a 
graduate  of  Dartmouth  College  in  1809 ;  began  to 
practise  March  12,  1813 ;  went  to  the  Bermuda  Isles 
in  the  early  part  of  1815,  where  he  taught  a  singing- 
school,  and  was  married.  He  returned  and  settled  in 
Canaan,  N.  H.,  became  distinguished  in  the  anti-slavery 
movement,  and  went  to  Alton,  III. 

Daniel  Fiske  Harding,  a  graduate  of  Brown  Uni- 
versity in  1809,  commenced  practice  in  November, 
1815,  and  still  resides  in  town. 

John  Bulfinch,  of  Lynn,  born  in  Boston,  a  graduate 
of  Harvard  University  in  1812 ;  read  law  in  the  office 
of  the  Hon.  Samuel  Thatcher,  of  Warren,  and  with 
B.  P.  Field,  Esq.,  of  Belfast ;  opened  an  office  here  in 
January,  1816.  He  remained  tiU  November,  1823; 
then  removed  to  Waldoborough,  where  he  now"  lives. 
In  1825  he  married  Sophronia,  daughter  of  Thomas 
Pike,  of  Camden,  and  has  six  children,  the  oldest  son 
a  graduate  of  Bowdoin  College  in  1850. 

John  S.  Abbot,  a  graduate  of  Bowdoin  College  in 
1827,  began  practice  in  1831,  moved  to  Thomaston 
in  1833,  and  now  lives  in  Norridgewock. 

Augustus  C.  Robbins,  after  graduating,  studied  law 
six  months  with  Jonathan  Thayer,  of  Camden,  and 
subsequently  with  John  S.  Abbot,  of  Thomaston ; 
and  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  at  Topsham,  in  August, 
1838.  He  immediately  commenced  business  in  Union, 
and  continued  till  late  in  the  fall  of  1839,  since  which 
he  has  practised  in  Brunswick.  From  November, 
1841,  to  Dec.  31,  1850,  he  was  cashier  of  the  Bruns- 
wick Bank.  Jan.  1,  1851,  he  entered  on  his  duties  as 
cashier  of  the  Union  Bank  at  Brunswick.  He  has  for 
many  years  been  an  unwearied  and  successful  advo- 
cate of  thorough,  extensive,  and  elevated  common 
school  education. 

Elijah  Vose  has  been  in  business  since  1842. 

Elisha  Esty  Rice,  now  Governor's  aid,  commenced 
practice  in  May,  1843,  and  was  deputy-sheriff.  He 
left  town  in  1845,  and  is  now  engaged  in  manufac- 
tures at  HalloweU. 


320  PROFESSIONAL   HISTORY. 

Richard  Drury  Rice  was  by  profession  a  printer, 
edited  an  anti-masonic  paper  at  Hallowell,  after  which 
he  kept  a  bookstore  several  years  in  Augusta.  He  then 
studied  law  with  the  Hon.  J.  W.  Bradbury,  United 
States  senator,  afterward  was  in  partnership  with  him, 
and  in  1848  was  appointed  Judge  of  the  Middle  Dis- 
trict Court  of  Maine.     He  resides  at  Augusta,  i 

Nelson  Cutler,-  a  farmer  till  twenty-one  years  of 
age,  then  lime-cask-maker  two  years,  trader  from  1827 
to  1837,  also  at  the  present  time ;  began  to  practise 
at  the  bar  about  May,  1843,  and  still  continues  in 
the  profession. 

PHYSICIANS. 

It  was  many  years  before  any  physician  was  per- 
manently settled  in  the  town.     Dr.  Dodge,  of  Thom- 

'  James  lUce,  born  June  24,  1758;  died  April  3,  1829.  He  came 
from  Framinghani,  Mass.  He  was  tlie  son  of  Richard  liice,  born 
Oct.  21,  1730;  died  June  24,  1793.  Nathan  Drury  Rice,  son  of  the 
before-named  James  Rice,  was  born  Aug.  29,  1784;  and  married, 
Feb.  10,  1806,  Deborah  Banister,  born  June  9,  1786,  died  Nov.  1, 
1843.  He  married  second,  in  1851,  the  widow  Emery,  of  Augusta. 
The  children  are  —  I.  Harriet,  born  Nov.  19,  1806;  married  Amos  Bar- 
rett. 11.  Albert  Perry,  born  June  14,  1808  ;  died  March  27,  1834. 
III.  Richard  Drury,  born  April  11,  1810  ;  married  Anne  R.  Smith,  of 
Hallowell,  April  12,  1836.  She  died  June  15,  1838,  leaving  Albert 
Smith,  born  April  4,  1837.  He  married,  Nov.  8,  1840,  Almira  E.  Ro- 
binson, by  whom  he  has  Abby  En)ery,  born  May  18,  1842.  IV.  Nathan 
Foster,  born  March  25,  1812;  baker  in  New  Orleans,  La.  V.  James 
Banister,  born  June  14,  1814;  died  Sept.  15,  1835.  VI.  Sarah,  born 
June  25,  1816  ;  married,  Sept.  4,  1847,  James  Hodges,  of  Washington. 
VII.  Cyrus  Cushman,  born  June  14,  1818  ;  marrietl,  Oct.  17,  1839, 
Emily  S.  Wade ;  lives  in  Bangor.  Children :  Abby  Celestia,  born 
Aug.*  13,  1840  ;  Deborah  Caroline,  born  Sept.  9,  1843  ;  Emma  Eveline, 
born  Dec.  26,  1846.  VIII.  Elisha  Esty,  born  May  7,  1820;  married, 
Jan.  2,  1842,  Almira  W.  Sampson,  of  Winthrop.  IX.  liyman  Lyon, 
born  July  21,  1822  ;  died  at  the  Marine  Hospital,  Liverpool,  England, 
Feb.  23,  1842.  X.  Eveline,  born  July  3,  1824 ;  married  Simeon 
Savage,  and  resides  at  Lowell.  Mass.  XL  Ann  Maria,  born  April  6, 
1828;  married,  December,  1847,  James  French;  residence  Lewiston. 

*  N.  C.  born  at  Lewiston,  Ai>ril  25,  1805  ;  married,  in  Warren, 
March  8,  1827,  Love  Thompson,  born  in  Hope,  April  3,  1810.  The 
children,  all  born  in  Union,  are — I.  Ethelbert  Nelson,  born  Feb.  19, 
1828.  IL  Mahnda  Ann,  born  June  16,  1829;  died  May  30,  1848.  III. 
John  Emery,  born  Nov.  1,  1831.  IV.  Mary  Celeste,  born  April  23, 
1834.  V.  Caroline  Matilda,  born  June  21,  1836.  VI.  Charles  Henry, 
born  Oct.  19,  1839.  VII.  Frank  Mclvin.  born  June  22,  1842.  VIIL 
Clara  Augusta,  born  March  27,  1846.    IX.  Coraella,  born  1849. 


PHYSICIANS.  .  321 

aston,  and  subsequently  Dr.  Buxton,  of  Warren,  were 
occasionally  sent  for  in  difficult  cases.  At  an  early 
period,  probably  about  the  year  1787  or  1788,  Dr. 
Isaac  Bernard  was  in  town  a  short  time.  He  settled 
in  Thomaston,  and  married  a  widow  Hanson.  He 
was  captain  of  a  company  of  light-horse,  frequently 
moderator  of  the  town-meetings,  and  was  chosen  rep- 
resentative to  the  Massachusetts  General  Court,  at 
least  in  1806,  1807,  1809-13,  1815-17,  and  1819. 

Mrs.  James,  of  Warren,  was  sent  for  occasionally. 
But  the  wife  of  Philip  Robbins,  better  known  as 
"  Aunt  Mima,"  did  more  business  than  all  of  them. 
In  the  autumn  of  1786,  Mr.  Samuel  Hills  agreed  to 
announce  to  "  Aunt  Mima  "  the  expected  arrival  of  a 
little  stranger,  by  going  to  the  pond  and  blowing 
a  conch.  When  the  time  came.  Aunt  Mima  respond- 
ed to  the  call.  The  ice  was  thin.  Amariah  Mero, 
holding  a  long  pole  by  the  middle,  so  as  to  recover 
himself  if  he  broke  through,  drew  his  mother-in-law 
on  a  hand-sled  to  the  place  appointed.  The  little 
stranger,  Jabez  F.  Hills,  was  the  first  person  born  in 
Union  after  it  was  incorporated.  Aunt  Mima  ac- 
quired considerable  skill  as  a  doctress.  K  a  person 
was  wounded,  commonly  he  was  carried  to  Aunt 
Mima,  who  had  medicines  and  lancets,  and  prescribed 
and  bled,  as  the  case  required. 

Jonathan  Sibley  was  the  first  physician  who  estab- 
lished himself  here  permanently.  After  studying  his 
profession  with  Dr.  Carrigain,  of  Concord,  N.  H.,  he 
was  examined  and  admitted  to  the  New  Hampshire 
Medical  Society,  Jan.  9,  1799;  receiving,  it  is  said, 
the  first  diploma  ever  given  by  the  society.  Subse- 
quently he  became  a  member  of  the  Massachusetts 
Medical  Society.  It  is  supposed  that  he  is  not  only 
the  oldest  man,  but  the  oldest  physician,  who  prac- 
tises any  in  this  part  of  the  country,  and  possibly  in 
the  State.  Many  years  since,  he  published  several 
articles  in  the  medical  journal  printed  in  Boston. 

William  Dougherty,  of  Framingham,  settled  here 
about  the  year  1807,  and  continued  several  years. 

28 


322  PROFESSIONAL  HISTORY. 

Dr.  Pelatiah  Metcalf  came  from  Massachusetts  in 
1809,  remained  one  or  two  years,  and  went  into  a  fac- 
tory at  Pawtucket,  K.  I.  He  now  lives  at  Smithfield, 
R.L 

Afterward  came  Dr.  Brackett,  from  Vassalborough. 
He  continued  but  a  short  time,  moved  to  Thomaston, 
and  afterward  to  Virginia. 

Elisha  Harding,  M.  D.  at  Brown  University  in  1819, 
was  here  from  the  spring  of  1819  till  1842,  when  he 
moved  to  Thomaston,  where  he  died  in  1850. 

Isaac  Flitner,  M.  D.  at  Bowdoin  College  in  1837, 
came  in  1837,  and  is  still  in  practice. 

Gavinus  Henderson  came  in  1842,  and  moved 
away  in  two  or  three  years. 

Dr.  Thomas  Gore  was  here  a  short  time,  moved 
to  Gushing,  and  was  representative  from  that  town  in 
1844,  and  senator  in  1846  and  1847.  He  now  lives 
at  East  Boston,  Mass. 

Edward  Alden  attended  one  course  of  medical  lec- 
tures at  Bowdoin  College  in  1844.  Afterward  he  at- 
tended two  courses  at  Cincinnati,  Ohio,  and  received 
a  medical  degree  from  the  Botanico-medical  College 
of  Ohio,  Feb.  21,  1845.  After  practising  two  years  at 
Providence,  R.  I.,  he  came  here  in  April,  1848. 

The  following  physicians  went  from  Union,  and 
settled  in  other  places  :  — 

Isaac  Bo  wen,  son  of  Ezra  and  Experience  (Tol- 
man)  Bowen,  after  graduating  at  Brown  University  in 
1816,  taught  an  academy  at  Providence,  R.  I.,  and 
afterward  at  Taunton,  Mass.  He  went  to  the  South 
in  October,  1818,  to  teach  ;  settled  in  Applington,  Ga., 
and  subsequently  in  Augusta,  where,  having  attended 
medical  lectures  in  Philadelphia,  he  practised  medi- 
cine. His  wife  kept  a  boarding-school,  in  which  he 
took  an  active  part  when  his  practice  permitted.  He 
died  in  Augusta,  in  1839,  of  the  yellow  fever,  after 
five  days'  sickness. 

Cyrus  Hills,  son  of  the  late  Reuben  Hills,  is  a  prac- 
titioner in  Friendship,  Cushing,  and  on  the  islands. 

Henry  Ayer  True,  son  of  the  Rev.  Henry  True,  stu- 


iPHYSICIANS.  323 

died  medicine  with  Drs.  Estabrook,  of  Camden,  and 
McKeen,  of  Tops  ham  or  Brunswick ;  attended  one 
course  of  medical  lectures  in  Boston,  and  two  in  Bruns- 
wick; and  received  his  medical  degree  at  the  latter 
place.  He  was  then  appointed  assistant  superintending 
physician  at  the  McLean  Asylum,  Somerville,  Mass. 
Afterwards  he  was  in  a  dispensary,  and  subsequently 
was  a  druggist,  in  New  York  city.  He  moved  to 
Marion,  Marion  county,  Ohio,  where  ill  health  obliged 
him  to  abandon  an  extensive  medical  practice,  and 
where  he  is  now  a  merchant. 

John  Hawes,  born  Dec.  31,  1810,  died  at  Grenada, 
Miss. 

Benjamin  Hiram  Bachelder,  son  of  Capt.  Nathaniel 
Bachelor,  was  born  Sept.  18,  1811 ;.  graduated  at  the 
Bowdoin  Medical  School  in  1836 ;  and  in  December, 
1836,  settled  in  Montville,  where,  in  October,  1837,  he 
married  Betsey  White  Ayer,  daughter  of  Perley  and 
Polly  (White)  Ayer.  In  1848  he  adopted  the  homoeo- 
pathic system  of  practice. 

John  Bayley  Walker,  son  of  Amos  Walker,  re- 
ceived a  medical  degree  at  Bov/doin  CoUege  in  1847. 
April  21,  1849,  he  married  Bertha  E.  Rust,  of  Wash- 
ington, where  he  is  settled. 

Indian  Doctor.  —  During  the  summer  and  autumn 
of  1805  or  1806,  an  Indian  doctor,  named  Cook,  was 
here.  On  the  east  side  of  White  Oak  Pond,  called 
by  the  Indians  Ponoke  or  Pawnoke,  the  Indians  once 
had  a  garden,  in  which  they  cultivated  many  medi- 
cinal plants.  From  this  deserted  garden.  Dr.  Cook 
obtained  most  of  his  medicines.  He  had  a  pipe 
made  from  a  maple-sprout.  The  bulb  where  it  ad- 
hered to  the  stump  was  hollowed  out  for  the  bowl,  and 
the  sprout  pierced  for  the  passage  of  the  smoke.  He 
was  sent  for  to  visit  a  patient ;  and,  it  never  being  con- 
venient for  him  to  pass  the  tavern  without  making 
a  call,  he  stopped  there  on  his  way.  After  "  taking  a 
little  refreshment,"  and  lighting  his  pipe,  he  attempted 
to  mount  a  horse  from  the  off  side.  Not  able  to  keep 
his  balance,  he  pitched  over  the  animal,  and  thrust  the 


324  PROFESSIONAL  HISTORY. 

pipe-stem  through  his  neck.  It  was  extracted,  and  he 
visited  his  patient;  but,  in  consequence  of  the  injury, 
he  died  about  a  week  afterward,  and  was  buried .  not 
far  from  the  Methodist  Meeting-house,  in  a  north- 
westerly or  westerly  direction,  on  the  pitch  of  the  hill 
near  the  road  which  runs  west,  and  in  the  vicinity  of 
his  wigwam. 

Urine  Doctor.  —  As  the  inhabitants  have  some- 
times consulted  physicians  in  the  neighboring  towns, 
it  may  perhaps  be  excusable  to  insert  two  extracts 
from  letters  respecting  a  doctor  who  in  his  day  proba- 
bly was  as  much  celebrated  as  any  man  ever  was  in 
the  vicinity.     The  first  extract  is  dated  Nov.  18,  1819 : 

"  A  German  urine-doctor  has  lately  come  from  Virginia 
to  Warren.  The  people  flock  to  him  by  hundreds  ;  his 
house  has  been  so  thronged  that  some  days  he  could  not 
attend  to  half  the  applicants.  It  has  been  reported,  that  he 
had  an  hundred  people  under  his  care  at  the  same  time. 
Samuel  Bennet  died  at  his  house.  The  body  was  brought 
to  this  town,  and  opened  by  Drs.  Sibley  and  Harding,  to 
find  a  great  worm  which  the  learned  doctor  said  was  in 
him ;  but  none  was  to  be  found.  The  fellow  says  Micajah 
Gleason  has  a  worm  as  many  feet  long  as  Gleason  is  years 
old,  and  that  the  worm  adds  one  foot  to  its  length  every 
year.  He  says  Gleason  has  not  got  the  asthma.  He  says 
he  shall  certainly  cure  Mr.  Gleason,  if  he  can  obtain  the  aid 
of  a  seventh  son." 

The  second  extract  is  from  a  letter  dated  March  12, 
1820:  — 

"  Dr.  Lambricht,  of  Warren,  has  buried  his  wife  and 
both  his  children.  Some  of  the  people  think  he  poisoned 
them.  A  jury  of  inquest  was  had  on  one  of  the  bodies  ; 
but  no  discoveries  were  made.  His  house  is  continually 
thronged  with  people,  some  with  bottles  of  urine,  some 
with  lame  legs,  and  others  with  diseased  livers,  rotten 
lungs,  and  crazy  brains.  His  practice  extends  more  than 
fifty  miles,  and  I  think  I  might  say  more  than  an  hundred. 
Many  of  his  patients  have  died,  and  several  at  his  own 
house.  He  is  so  much  engaged  in  business  that  many  peo- 
ple have  to  call  several  times  before  they  can  have  their 


SINGING-MASTERS  AND   SINGING-SCHOOLS-  325 

urine  inspected.  I  hear  he  has  a  box  or  barrel,  in  which  he 
keeps  salts  and  brimstone  pounded  together,  and  feeds  all 
his  patients  from  the  same  mess.  Some  are  directed  to 
take  it  in  brandy,  and  some  in  rum,  and  others  in  different 
ways ;  but  those  who  have  diseased  livers  must  swallow  it 
dry,  so  that  it  may  adhere  to  the  liver  and  heal  it.  He 
calls  Dr.  Brown  [of  Waldoborough]  a  fool,  and  says  the 
physicians  in  this  country  ought  to  be  hung  for  their  ignor- 
ance. He  says  in  Germany  there  were  several  hundred  men 
appointed  to  translate  the  Bible ;  and,  after  they  had  fin- 
ished the  work,  they  submitted  it  to  him  to  see  if  it  had 
been  correctly  done.  Public  opinion  seems  to  be  divided 
concerning  him :  while  some  call  him  a  great  physician, 
others  say  he  kills  a  great  many  and  cures  none." 

SINGING-MASTERS  AND  SINGING-SCHOOLS. 

The  first  singing-school  was  taught  by  Ebenezer 
Jennison,  in  Moses  Hawes's  log-house.  Candlesticks 
were  scarce,  and  potatoes,  with  holes  in  them,  were  sub- 
stituted. Afterward,  in  cases  of  emergency,  candles 
were  tipped  till  the  melted  tallow  dropped  on  the  long 
board  which  served  as  a  table,  and  then  the  bottoms 
of  the  candles  were  held  in  the  tallow  till  it  cooled,  — 
a  practice  not  uncommon  in  new  settlements  at  the 
present  day.  The  Rev.  Mr.  Starr,  a  carpenter  and 
Calvinistic  Baptist  preacher,  and  John  Fairbanks, 
taught  singing  in  the  latter  part  of  the  eighteenth  cen- 
tury. 

In  the  early  part  of  the  nineteenth  century,  funds 
were  raised  by  subscription,  and  the  schools  were  free 
for  all.  About  the  years  1814  and  1816,  Benjamin 
Franklin  Waters,  from  Ashby,  Mass.,  was  the  teacher. 
His  compensation  was  one  dollar  for  an  afternoon  and 
evening.  He  was  employed  in  three  towns ;  and  he 
so  arranged  his  schools  as  to  teach  in  Union  on  two 
days  in  each  week,  from  two  to  nine,  p.m.,  with  a  recess 
from  five  to  six  o'clock.  The  school  was  kept  in  the 
hall  of  the  "  Mallard  House,"  which  stood  on  the  spot 
now  occupied  by  the  house  of  Elijah  Vose,  Esq.  In 
the  evenings,  sixty  or  seventy  persons  were  commonly 
present.     Some  of  them  lived  four  or  five  miles  dis- 

28* 


326  PKOFESSIONAL  HISTORY. 

tant.  They  were  dismissed  at  nine  o'clock,  then  con- 
sidered a  late  hour,  to  go  home  in  the  searching  cold, 
through  snow-drifts  and  along  dreary  roads. 

Two  evenings  thus  spent  in  each  week  relieved  the 
winters  of  the  monotony  which  frequently  prevails  in 
country-towns.  There  was  no  satisfactory  substitute 
for  the  enjoyment.  Sometimes  there  was  rudeness  at 
the  meetings ;  but  it  was  more  than  counterbalanced 
by  frankness  and  kind  feelings.  After  the  school  was 
ended,  if  it  was  in  winter,  the  singers  commonly  met 
on  Sunday  evenings,  at  different  private  houses  within 
a  mile  or  two  of  the  Common.  Before  Sunday-schools 
were  established,  there  was  singing  in  the  meeting- 
house, between  the  morning  and  afternoon  services,  on 
the  Lord's  days,  in  summer.  Two  or  three  persons 
would  make  a  beginning.  Occasionally  there  would 
be  a  "  break-down ; "  but,  as  other  singers  came  in  and 
joined  them,  the  music  became  better.  Marcus  Gill- 
mor  was  commonly  present  with  the  bass-viol,  bought 
by  the  Rev.  Mr.  True  for  the  use  of  the  society,  and 
occasionally  there  were  other  instruments;  but  the 
want  of  skill  in  the  performers  was  oi'ten  the  occasion 
of  sundry  disjcords.  Gillmor  always  could  be  relied  on 
to  sustain  his  part.  In  summer  there  was  generally  a 
singing-meeting  at  five  o'clock,  at  the  old  hall.  A 
maiden  lady,  who  afterwards  became  dependent  on 
the  town  for  support,  lived  in  the  house  part  of  the 
time,  and,  for  an  occasional  gratuity  of  a  dollar  or  two, 
kept  the  hall  well  swept  and  sanded.  Some  persons 
may  possibly  recollect  the  elastic  step  and  perpendicu- 
larity with  which  she  was  regularly  expected  to  go  out 
and  come  in,  two  or  three  times  at  each  meeting. 

Singing-schools  have  been  kept  in  later  years ;  but 
they  have  been,  for  the  most  part,  confined  to  the  par- 
ticular religious  societies.  They  have  not  been  got  up 
and  sustained  on  the  broad  and  free  principle  on  which 
they  were  conducted  thirty-five  years  ago. 

BRASS  BAND 

Very  early  in  the  present  century,  a  school  for  in- 
strumental music  was  taught,  and  some  steps  were 


REVOLUTIONARY   SOLDIERS. 


327 


taken  towards  forming  a  band.  Subsequently,  teach- 
ing was  given  by  Mr.  Whittemore.  About  the  time 
the  war  of  1812  closed,  a  filing-school  was  taught  by 
Edmund  Daggett.  But  nothing  of  importance  was 
effected  till  1845  or  1846,  when  several  young  men  — 
amateurs  —  took  hold  of  the  subject  in  earnest,  em- 
ployed a  very  skilful  teacher,  and  were  organized  Aug. 
8,  1846,  as  the  "  Union  Brass  Band."  It  has  had  a 
high  reputation ;  though,  of  late,  it  has  lost  some  of  its 
members  by  their  removal  from  town. 


William  Adams 
John  M.  Bachelder 
Nathaniel  Q.  Bachelder 
Nathaniel  K.  Burke tt  . 
Lyman  Chapman     .     . 
Frederic  Daggett    . 
Freeman  L.  Daggett    . 
Willard  Hart      .      .      . 
Isaac  C.  Hovey  .     . 
Benjamin  L.  Jones 
William  B.  Morse   . 
George  W.  Payson 
Jesse  W.  Payson     . 
Madan  K.  Payson  . 
Nathan  D.  Payson 


Cornopeon. 

Drum. 

Tuber. 

Trumpet. 

Bass  Drum. 

Post  Horn. 

Tenor  Trombone. 

Ophicleide. 

Cornopeon. 

Drum  and  Cymbals. 

Tenor  Trombone. 

Bugle. 

E  flat  Bu^le. 

B  flat  Bugle. 

Trombone. 


CHAPTER    XXXVI. 


MILITARY  HISTORY. 


Revolutionary  Soldiers.  —  Loyalist.  —  Incidents  in  the  Revolution- 
ary War.  —  French  War.  —  Military  Appropriations.  —  Powder 
House.  —  Military  Spirit. 

REVOLUTIONARY  SOLDIERS. 

Many  of  the  early  settlers  were  connected  with  the 
army  of  the  American  Revolution.  Ezekiel  Hagar, 
who  said  he  was  at  the  execution  of  Andre ;  Abijah 


328  MILITARY   HISTORY. 

Hawes ;  Matthias  Hawes ;  Moses  Hawes ;  Ichabod 
Maddocks,  who  was  in  the  movement  against  Pen- 
obscot, born  June  7,  1764,  and  died  Jan.  4,  1823, 
aged  sixty-five;  Titus  Metcalf,  who  died  at  the  age 
of  ninety-two  years ;  and  Jason  Ware,  were  revolu- 
tionary soldiers.  To  these  should  probably  be  added 
David  Gillmor  and  Reuben  Hills. 

Capt.  Joel  Adams  was  in  the  service  between  three 
and  four  years ;  and,  when  he  left  it,  he  was  at 
least  one  hundred  dollars  poorer  than  when  he  entered 
it.  After  nine  and  a  half  months'  campaign,  he  was 
finally  discharged  from  the  United  States  Army,  with 
sixty  dollars  of  continental  money.  With  this,  in 
coming  through^  Hartford,  he  bought  a  pair  of  buck- 
skin breeches ;  and  the  three  remaining  dollars  he  paid 
for  a  dinner,  or  something  equivalent  to  it. 

Nathan  Barnard,  born  at  Waltham,  Mass.,  died  July 
21,  1830,  in  his  seventy-ninth  year.  He  married  Sarah 
Wellington,  who  was  born  in  Waltham,  Mass.,  April, 
1760,  and  moved  from  Jaffrey,  N.  H.,  to  Union  in 
April,  1802.  He  was  out  twice  in  the  war.  At  Bun- 
ker Hill  he  did  not  take  part  in  the  battle,  but  was  a 
sentry  at  a  short  distance.  The  balls  cut  to  pieces  a  bar- 
berry bush  within  two  rods  of  him.  Afterward  he  was 
at  West  Point.  He  "  tended  one  end "  of  the  chain 
put  across  the  North  River  to  obstruct  the  upward 
passage  of  the  British  vessels.  The  chain  was  made 
of  square  bars,  about  one  foot  long  and  one  inch  thick, 
secured  upon  logs  to  prevent  it  from  sinking.  He  was 
also  in  a  skirmish  near  Ticonderoga. 

Capt.  Amos  Barrett  was  at  the  North  Bridge  in 
Concord,  Mass.,  April  19,  1775.  According  to  him, 
the  orders  to  the  Americans  were  not  to  fire  first. 
The  British  moved  to  the  bridge,  and  began  to  tear  it 
up.  Capt.  Davis,  of  the  Acton  Company,  said  they 
should  not  do  it,  and  marched  down  with  warlike 
deportment.  The  British  fired.  Davis  leaped  from 
the  ground,  brandished  his  sword,  shouted  "  Fire,  for 
God's  sake,  fire!"  sprang  to  one  side  of  the  road  to 
avoid  the  shot,  was  struck  by  a  ball  and  fell.     Capt. 


REVOLUTIONARY  SOLDIERS.  329 

Barrett  followed  the  British  when  they  retreated.  He 
said  he  found  men  dead,  wounded,  dying,  and  under- 
going indescribable  suffering.  One  man  was  trying  to 
drown  himself  in  a  mud-puddle.  Another,  who  was 
wounded,  hung  himself  in  a  barn  with  a  harness. 
Capt.  Barrett  was  also  at  the  capture  of  Burgoyne. 

Phinehas  Butler  served  three  years.  He  went  to 
Ticonderoga,  and  was  in  the  retreat.  Having  got 
ammunition,  arms,  and  re-enforcements,  the  party 
went  back  to  meet  Burgoyne.  He  was  also  at  Valley 
Forge,  where  he  had  the  small-pox.  Afterward  he 
went  to  West  Point,  and  had  a  sergeant's  command 
of  horse-guard  in  that  vicinity ;  and  there  he  got  a 
discharge. 

Samuel  Daggett  was  captured  on  board  a  privateer, 
and  confined  four  months  in  the  Jersey  prison-ship  at 
New  York.  Of  ninety  who  went  on  board  with  him, 
all  died  but  himself  and  eight  more. 

Col.  John  Gleason  was  in  the  service,  and  in  the 
Shays  Rebellion.  By  a  resolve  of  the  General  Court, 
passed  Feb.  19,  1781,  he  was  appointed  a  muster- 
master,  to  muster  into  the  continental  army  the  men 
raised  in  the  county  of  Middlesex,  Mass. 

Richard  Grinnell  was  privateering,  and  also  in  the 
regular  land-service.  He  died  at  or  near  Springfield, 
Mass. 

Royal  Grinnell  was  in  service  in  Rhode  Island. 

Amariah  Mero  was  in  the  service  about  six  years, 
chiefly  in  short  enlistments.  He  went  to  Sorel,  Trois 
Rivieres,  Montreal,  Ticonderoga,  and  was  subsequent- 
ly at  West  Point.  He  was  for  some  time  at  Boston 
or  vicinity,  guarding  the  Burgoyne  troops.  He  never 
was  in  any  engagement.  His  last  enlistment  was 
for  three  years,  and  he  was  discharged  at  Fort  Stan- 
wix.  He  sold  his  rations  of  rum  to  the  Indians  for 
beaver-skins.  He  sold  the  skins  for  five  dollars,  w^hich 
paid  his  expenses  to  Northampton,  where  he  procured 
five  dollars  more  of  a  friend  to  pay  his  expenses  home. 

Levi  Morse  went  in  a  privateer  to  France.  He 
served  six  weeks  in  Rhode  Island  at  the  time  of  Gen. 


330  MILITARY    HISTORY. 

Sullivan's  expedition,  under  the  command  of  Capt. 
Perry,  of  Sherburne,  in  Col.  Hawes's  regiment.  A 
memorandum  found  among  his  papers,  dated  July  24, 
1832,  says :  "  In  1788,  was  engaged  several  days  and 
nights  in  constructing  redoubts,  and  exposed  to  cannon 
shot  and  shells  several  days.  We  were  overtaken  with 
a  severe  storm,  whilst  on  the  island,  without  tents  to 
cover  us.  In  1779  and  '80,  I  served  in  Sherburne 
fifteen  months  ;  enlisted  under  Reuben  Partridge,  com- 
manding officer,  in  the  State  of  Massachusetts,  for  the 
term  of  three  months  at  each  engagement.  In  1781, 
I  served  three  months  in  the  State  of  New  York,  at 
West  Point,  Peekskill,  and  vicinity."  Another  paper, 
dated  August,  1783,  labelled  "  List  of  towns  from 
Sherburne  to  West  Point,"  contains  "  Messmates, 
Sergt.  Joseph  Dows,  Daniel  Brick,  Abraham  Coolidge, 
Joseph  Fairbanks,  Jesse  Phips,  Levi  Morse." 

Bela  Robbins,  under  the  name  of  William  Robbins, 
enlisted  for  three  years  just  at  the  close  of  the  war; 
went  to  West  Point,  and  was  dismissed  in  about  nine 
months.  There  was  difficulty  about  his  procuring  a 
pension,  because  the  application  was  by  Bela  Robbins. 
There  was  no  such  name  on  the  roil ;  but  there  was 
William  Robbins.  The  difficulty  may  be  explained 
by  the  fact  that  Billy  is  a  familiar  abbreviation  for 
William ;  and  hence  the  transition  to  Bille  and  Bela 
was  easy.  He  finally  received  three  hundred  silver 
dollars,  and  obtained  a  pension. 

Ebenezer  Robbins,  son  of  Phifip  Robbins,  priva- 
teered  in  boats  with  Perry  and  Thompson,  making  it 
also  an  object  to  guard  the  shore.  The  party  went  on 
to  the  land  to  eat  some  victuals.  The  tories  saw  them 
and  fired  on  them,  probably  to  frighten  them  off  and 
plunder  them.  One  of  the  balls  wounded  Robbins  in 
the  calf  of  the  leg.  Mortification  followed.  He  died 
and  was  buried  on  Cranberry  Island.  This  was  pro- 
bably near  the  end  of  the  war.^ 

JosiAH  Robbins  served  nine  months.  He  was  at 
West  Point  at  the  time  of  the  deep  snow. 

*  Mrs.  Mcro  and  Mrs.  Dunton. 


REVOLUTIONARY  SOLDIERS.  331 

Philip  Bobbins,  at  the  commencement  of  the  revo- 
lutionary war,  resided  at  Walpole,  Mass.,  and  was 
lieutenant  of  a  company.  Within  a  week  before  the 
battle  of  Lexington,  he  was  in  Boston,  and,  in  conver- 
sation with  some  boasting  British  officers,  said  to  them  : 
"  You  have  as  good  officers  and  men  as  any  in  the 
world;  but  the  Americans  will  fight  as  well  without 
officer's  as  your  men  will  with  officers,  and  will  take 
them  one  to  two,  and  cut  them  all  off  for  one  breakfast, 
if  they  go  out  into  the  country  in  a  riotous  way."  The 
officers,  highly  incensed,  put  him  under  arrest,  and  kept 
him  several  hours.  ^  Very  early  on  the  morning  of  the 
day  of  the  Lexington  Battle,  he  and  the  captain  and 
the  ensign  of  the  company  were  in  Boston  with  then- 
teams.  On  learning  that  the  British  had  "  gone  out," 
each,  leaving  his  team  to  be  driven  home  by  others, 
took  off  his  horse  and  mounted  it  without  a  saddle, 
and  drove  to  Walpole  as  fast  as  he  could  go,  changing 
horses  twice  on  the  way.  The  military  company  was 
mustered,  and  hurried  to  Cambridge,  where  it  arrived 
in  the  evening,  after  the  battle  was  over,  and  had  only 
the  satisfaction  of  eating  some  of  the  provisions  which 
had  been  taken  from  the  British. 

When  Robbins  was  first  coming  to  Union,  he  was 
obliged  to  go  to  Salem  and  take  passage  in  an  east- 
ward-bound vessel;  it  being  immediately  after  the 
evacuation  of  Boston,  while  the  British  were  probably 
lying  off  Boston  harbor.  The  captain  of  a  privateer 
said  he  would  convoy  the  eastward-bound  vessel,  as 
he  "  should  like  to  try  his  legs,"  never  having  been  out. 

^  This  account  of  Jessa  Robbins  differs  somewhat  from  the  one  by 
Jacob  Robbins.  According  to  the  best  of  his  recollection,  which  was 
rather  indistinct,  his  father  went  to  Boston  from  Walpole  with  a  load 
of  timber,  one  or  two  days  before  the  battle  of  Lexington,  and  called 
at  the  bar-room  of  a  tavern  where  British  officers  were  drinking  punch. 
He  also  called  for  some ;  and,  as  he  was  drinking,  **  he  heard  the  officers 
chatting  how  easy  it  would  be  to  march  through  the  country  to  New 
York.  He  interrupted  them,  and  said,  '  Friends,  you  are  much  mis- 
taken: I  should  not  be  afraid  to  undertake,  with  five  hundred  such 
men  as  we  have  in  the  town  I  came  from,  to  cut  you  off  before  you 
got  forty  miles.'  They  immediately  put  him  under  guard,  kept  him 
three  or  four  hours,  and  let  him  go  again." 


332  MILITARY   HISTORY. 

At  about  eleven  o'clock,  a.  m.,  after  one  or  two  hours' 
sail,  all  on  board  were  surprised  to  see  the  privateer 
suddenly  put  off"  from  them.  Before  long,  the  captain 
discovered  she  had  gone  in  pursuit  of  a  prize.  It  was 
subsequently  ascertained  that  the  privateer  took  it  the 
same  day,  and  that  it  contained  provisions,  clothing, 
&c.,  for  the  British  army ;  it  probably  not  being  known 
to  those  on  board  that  the  British  had  left  Boston  in 
the  possession  of  their  enemies. 

George  Wellington  was  at  the  Lexington  Battle. 
He  said,  when  the  British  came  in  sight,  the  captain 
of  the  Lexington  Company  asked  all  who  were  will- 
ing to  stand  their  ground  "  to  poise  their  fire-locks.' ' 
Every  man  did  it.  When  Pitcairn  ordered  the  rebels 
to  disperse,  none  moved ;  but,  when  the  British  fired, 
all  ran.  At  one  time,  a  British  officer  came  upon  a 
Yankee  with  a  gun,  and  asked  him  what  he  meant 
to  do  with  it.  The  man  hesitatingly  replied,  "  Not 
much."  The  officer  presented  his  pistol;  the  man, 
taken  by  surprise,  gave  up  his  gun,  went  off,  and  in 
great  mortification  told  his  companions  of  his  ill-for- 
tune. As  the  British  advanced  to  Concord,  the  Ameri- 
cans kept  gathering  and  hanging  about  them.  Wel- 
lington followed  them  on  their  advance,  and  on  their 
return.  A  noble  horse  trotted  by  him,  with  portman- 
teau, saddle,  bridle,  pistols,  &c.,  but  without  a  rider ; 
the  officer  probably  having  been  killed.  At  another 
time,  three  or  four  British  grenadiers  entered  a  house, 
and  were  followed  by  Americans  for  the  purpose  of 
surrounding  it  and  making  them  prisoners.  One  of  the 
Americans  went  round  the  house  to  the  back-door. 
A  grenadier  opened  it.  They  "  drew  upon  each  other  " 
instantly.  The  American  shot  the  grenadier  through 
the  heart,  and  he  fell  dead.  The  grenadier,  firing  at 
the  same  moment,  shot  the  American  through  the  ab- 
domen. Wellington  conversed  with  the  latter,  who 
said  he  should  die,  and  he  did.  Wellington  took  up 
the  grenadier's  cap,  made  of  leather  and  brass,  carried 
it  a  mile  or  two,  found  it  very  heavy,  and  threw  it 
over  the  fence.     A  person  who  spent  an  evening  with 


WENTWORTH.  —  COGGAN.  —  FOSTER.  333 

him  and  Capt.  Barrett  said  they  cordd  not  agree 
whether  the  first  resistance  to  the  British  was  made  at 
Lexington  or  Concord ;  but  Wellington  observed  that 
one  of  his  relatives  remarked  after  the  battle,  "  D — n 
them  !•  I  gave  them  the  guts  of  my  gun  "  at  Lexington 
when  they  fired.  Wellington  was  also  engaged  at 
the  time  of  the  Shays  Rebellion.  He  moved  to  Ap- 
pleton,  and  afterward  to  Albion,  where  he  died. 

Lemuel  Wentworth's  gravestone  is  in  the  aban- 
doned burying-ground  at  East  Union.  It  states  that 
he  was  at  the  battle  of  Bunker  Hill.  This  is  a  mis- 
take. From  a  memorandum  made  in  1820,  it  appears 
that  "  he  served  the  United  States,  a  whole  year  at  one 
time,  in  what  was  then  called  the  Year's  Service; 
that  he  marched  from  Winter  Hill  to  New  York,  and 
then  to  Albany,  Ticonderoga,  Montreal,  and  subse- 
quently back  to  Mount  Independence;  and  then  he 
went  to  Trenton,  and  tielped  to  capture  the  Hessians." 

Besides  the  persons  mentioned,  there  may  have 
been  some  other  revolutionary  soldiers,  who  have  not 
been  noticed  because  not  known  to  be  such. 

William  Coggan  was  in  the  battle  of  Bunker  Hill, 
on  the  British  side.  He  passed  over  from  Boston 
after  the  commencement  of  action. 

LOYALIST. 

About  the  year  1814  came  Edward  Foster  from 
Halifax.  He  was  the  father  of  Major  Robert  Foster. 
He  had  left  Massachusetts  when  the  loyalists,  or  tories 
as  they  were  called,  were  obliged  to  go  off.  There 
seem  to  have  been  two  men  of  the  name,  a  father  and 
a  son.  Edes's  Gazette,  July  29,  1776,  states,  "  We 
hear  that  yesterday  a  prize  was  sent  into  Salem,  with 
Ben.  Davis  and  son,  Edward  Foster,  and  about  a 
dozen  other  tories,  on  board.  She  was  bound  to  New 
York,  with  stolen  dry  goods."  It  is  said  that  Edward 
Foster  was  a  blacksmith ;  and,  when  Boston  was  be- 
sieged by  the  American  army,  he  assisted  in  making 
horse-shoes,  to  which  were  commonly  affixed  three 
prongs,  one  or  two  inches  long ;  and  that  these  were 

29 


334  -    MILITARY  HISTOEY. 

buried  on  Boston  Neck  for  the  purpose  of  laming  the 
American  cavalry,  in  case  they  should  attempt  to  en- 
ter the  city  in  that  direction.  Mr.  Foster  appeared 
to  be  a  very  worthy,  quiet  man,  and  resided  with  his 
son  till  he  died  July  17,  1822,  aged  seventy-two*. 

INCIDENTS  IN  THE  REVOLUTIONARY  WAR. 

When  Castine,  then  called  Biguyduce  or  Penobscot, 
was  taken  by  the  British  troops  in  the  year  1779, 
Philip  Robbins,  as  commissary,  and  his  son  Jacob 
E-obbins,  as  his  waiter,  joined  the  expedition  ^  against 
them.  These  were  the  only  persons  who  went  from 
Stirlington.  When  the  Americans  were  obliged  to 
abandon  their  movements  against  Biguyduce,  a  com- 
pany on  the  retreat  encamped  one  night  on  Craw- 
ford's Meadow.  ^  The  few  inhabitants  here  always 
kept  their  guns  loaded  by  their  beds,  and  had  dogs. 
They  often  went  out  as  scouts,  but  in  the  disguise  of 
hunters.  In  Waldoborough  and  Warren  were  many 
tories  ;  "  the  old  country  people  were  almost  all  for 
the  king."  ^  A  road  was  beaten  down  from  Waldo- 
borough  through  the  upper  part  of  Union,  by  the 
driving  of  cattle  to  Biguyduce.  Two  British  officers 
named  McGregor  and  Roakes,  deserters  from  Castine, 
piloted  by  Oliver  Miller,  of  Lincolnville,  passed  through 
the  settlement.     They  could  not  be  prevailed  on  to 

^  It  was  in  this  expedition  that  Christopher  Newbit,  who  settled  on 
the  point  of  land  at  the  north  end  of  Sunnybec  Pond,  had  his  right 
arm  taken  off,  July  28,  1779,  by  a  cannon-ball,  which  glanced  round 
a  tree.  By  a  resolve  of  the  Legislature,  passed  Feb.  28,  1781,  his 
father  John  Newbit  was  paid  ♦*  £13,  in  bills  of  the  new  emission,  in 
full  for  all  surgeons'  bills  and  other  expenses  incurred  by  the  loss 
of  his  son's  arm  in  the  battle  aforesaid."  C.  Newbit  lost  his  right 
eye,  and  afterward  fractured  his  right  leg  so  badly  that  it  scarcely 
escaped  amputation.  Notwithstanding  these  infirmities,  it  is  almost 
incredible  with  what  skill  he  would  drive  his  team,  load  stones,  and 
do  other  work,  with  his  left  arm.  A  pension  was  settled  on  him ;  and 
it  appears,  from  the  Report  of  the  Secretary  of  the  United  States, 
that,  when  he  died  in  September,  1826,  forty-seven  years  afterward, 
he  had  received  $2,790.27. 

'  C.  Eaton,  Esq.  =*  Mrs.  Mero. 


REVOLUTIONARY   INCIDENTS.  835 

lodge  in  the  house  of  Philip  Robbins,  but  spent  the 
night  in  the  top  of  his  barn.^ 

Occasionally  some  of  the  inhabitants  were  alarmed. 
Two  famishing  deserters  from  the  British  called  at  the 
house  at  South  Union,  and  asked  for  ham,  a  leg  of 
which  they  saw  in  the  cellar-way.  "  Mrs.  Butler  cut 
off  and  cooked  a  generous  quantity,  and  set  it  with 
brown  bread  before  them.  She  was  so  frightened 
that  she  would  have  given  them  any  thing  they  had 
asked  for  in  the  house." 

When  General  Wadsworth  and  Colonel  Benjamin 
Burton  were  prisoners  of  war  at  Castine,  Philip  Rob- 
bins  and  others  visited  them,  with  a  flag  of  truce.  ^ 
Some  sharp  words  then  passed  between  some  of  the 
British  and  Robbins.  This  was  probably  towards  the 
end  of  April,  1781.  Shortly  afterward,  Philip  Rob- 
bins was  sent  express  from  Camden  to  Boston,  to 
guard  Capt.  John  Long,  a  tory  prisoner.  His  bill, 
bearing  date  May  1  to  May  5,  1781,  so  great  was 
the  depreciation  of  the  continental  paper,  amounted 
to  <£  1,128.  2s.,  including  the  charge  to  meet  the  ex- 
penses on  his  return.  Long  afterward  escaped.  Rob- 
bins took  him  again  and  carried  him  back.  Long 
swore  vengeance.  He  afterwards  persuaded  the  ene- 
my at  Biguyduce  that  it  would  be  a  good  plan  to 
come  and  burn  Union.  Just  at  that  time,  the  British 
officer  in  command  at  Biguyduce  was  changed;  and 
a  friend  of  Robbins  succeeded  in  informing  the  new 
commander,  that  the  whole  affair  was  a  spiteful  move- 
ment originating  with  Long,  that  there  was  nothing 
at  Stirlington  worth  going  for ;  and  he  accordingly  put 
a  stop  to  it.^ 

When  General  Wadsworth  and  Col.  Benjamin  Bur- 
ton made  their  wonderful  escape  from  the  British 
fort  at  Castine,  of  which  there  is  a  minute  account  in 
the  second  volume  of  Dwight's  Travels,  they  came 
on  to  Mount  Pleasant,  June  21,  1781,  and  down  by 
Crawford's  Pond,  to  Warren  and  Thorn aston. 

^  Mrs.  Mero. 


336  MILITARY  HISTORY. 

FRENCH  WAR. 

In  the  latter  part  of  the  last  century,  when  a  war 
with  France  was  anticipated,  orders  came  for  an  en- 
sign and  eleven  men.  Accordingly,  eleven  men  enlisted 
under  William  Hart.  They  frequently  met  for  drill, 
and  held  themselves  in  readiness  to  march.  But  they 
were  never  ordered  from  Union.  The  ensign,  how- 
ever, seemed  determined  to  make  something  out  of  it. 
Accordingly,  he  once  told  his  soldiers,  when  he  was 
about  to  have  a  training,  "  to  fetch  their  girls "  and 
any  friends  whom  they  wished  to  invite,  and  have  a 
ball  at  his  house.  The  consequence  was  a  merry  time 
to  all,  except  one  of  the  eleven,  who,  on  account  of  the 
unpopularity  of  his  wife,  was  not  invited.  The  guests 
"  paid  for  the  fiddle  and  the  liquor,"  and  Ilart  fur- 
nished the  entertainment  and  provided  for  the  horses.  ^ 
This  appears  to  have  been  all  the  part  which  the  in- 
habitants took  in  the  expected  French  war. 

MILITARY  APPROPRIATIONS. 

Sept.  1,  1794,  upon  an  article  "  to  see  what  sum  of 
money  the  town  will  grant  for  raising  minute-men,"  — 
that  is,  men  to  be  ready  to  march  against  the  enemy 
at  a  minute's  warning,  —  it  was  voted  to  give  "  three 
dollars'  bounty,  and  to  make  their  wages  ten  dollars 
per  month  with  what  Congress  gives."  Another  war 
with  Great  Britain  was  anticipated,  because  the  British 
government  would  not  give  up,  according  to  treaty, 
the  posts  at  Detroit  and  in  the  West. 

Aug.  28,  1797,  the  sum  of  fifty-five  dollars  was 
granted  "  to  purchase  military  stores,  viz.,  60  lbs.  pow- 
der, 100  lbs.  ball,  100  flints,  &c.,  agreeable  to  law ;  said 
money  to  be  assessed  and  collected  as  soon  as  con- 
venient." Edward  Jones  was  to  purchase  the  stores 
as  soon  as  the  money  was  collected.  Amariah  Mere 
was  "  chosen  to  go  to  Waldoborough  Court,  to  repre- 
sent to  said  court  that  we  are  in  preparation  to  get 

^  Mrs.  Wm.  Hart. 


POWDER-HOUSE.  —  MILITARY   SPIRIT.  337 

stores,  and  to  get  the  town  cleared  of  the  fine,  if  he 
can." 

Jan.  31,  1804,  the  town  paid  "  Rufus  Gillmor,  one  of 
the  selectmen,  $51.33,  to  purchase  ammunition  for  the 
town's  use."  There  is  another  charge,  without  date, 
of  one  dollar  and  twenty-five  cents,  by  Jessa  Robbins, 
"  for  flints  for  the  town." 

The  selectmen's  records  contain  the  following  no- 
tices :  Sept.  2,  1806,  "  Took  from  the  town  stock  of 
powder  23  lbs.,  for  the  use  of  the  two  companies  in 
this  town."  June,  18Q7,  "  Put  into  the  town  stock  of 
powder  one  hundred  weight,  which  cost  $38.25."  Oct. 
14,  180^  "  Took  from  the  town  stock  26  lbs.  for  the 
use  of  the  two  companies  in  this  town."  In  1810, 
"  The  selectmen  supplied  the  two  companies  with 
28  lbs.  of  powder." 

POWDER-HOUSE. 

The  town's  powder  was  stored  in  the  garret  of  the 
Old  Meeting-house.  An  unsuccessful  attempt  was 
made.  May  8, 1815,  to  provide  a  powder-house.  April 
7, 1816, "  Voted  to  build  one,  the  expense  not  to  exceed 
fifty  dollars."  Accordingly,  not  long  afterward,  the 
villagers  were  surprised  one  morning  at  seeing  a  little 
wooden  building  about  six  feet  square  and  ten  feet 
high,  with  a  peaked  roof,  perched  on  the  highest  part 
of  the  hni,  north  of  the  Common ;  where,  having  been 
made  to  order,  it  had  been  hauled  in  the  night.  It  stiU 
stands  there,  though  somewhat  the  worse  for  the  storms 
and  the  boys'  knives.  An  effort  was  made,  April  7, 
1845,  to  have  the  town  dispose  of  it  and  of  the  "  uten- 
sils therein." 

MILITARY  SPIRIT. 

In  different  parts  of  the  town,  when  the  day's  work 
was  over,  almost  every  evening's  breeze  bore  with  it 
the  sounds  of  the  drum  and  fife,  before  and  after  the 
war  of  1812.  The  swivel  was  placed  near  the  powder- 
house.  For  several  months  after  the  war,  it  was  gene- 
rally fired  once  each  day,  between  sunset  and  dark. 

29* 


338  MILITARY  HISTORY. 

May  6,  1816,  it  was  "voted  that  the  militia  should 
have  the  privilege  of  the  meeting-house  for  inspection." 
A  military  spirit  pervaded  the  town.  Those  were  the 
"  glorious  days,"  when  soldiers  would  volunteer,  and 
meet  for  the  purpose  of  drill. 

July  4,  1820,  a  good  day  for  appeals  to  patriotism, 
the  town  "  voted  that  Capt.  Noah  Rice  draw  from  the 
town-treasury  fifteen  dollars,  to  be  applied  towards 
the  purchasing  a  stand  of  colors."  The  rifle-company 
made  a  similar  application,  April  1,  1822 ;  but  it  was 
"voted  to  drop  the  article."  A  standard,  however, 
was  afterward  presented  by  the  ladies  through  Miss 
Foster,  who  made  an  appropriate  address,  which  was 
replied  to  by  Capt.  Lewis  Bachelder,  who  received  it. 


CHAPTER    XXXVII. 

MILITARY  HISTORY. 

{Continued.) 

Infantry  Officers.  —  Light  Infantry.  —  Its  Organization  and  Dress. 
—  Its  Officers.  —  Rifle  Company.  —  Its  Organization  and  Dress.  — 
Rifles.  —  Its  Officers. —  Disbandment. 

INFANTRY. 

Officers.  —  Joel  Adams,  elected  captain,  Oct.  19, 
1791 ;  discharged  May  14,  1798.  He  was  the  first 
captain,  and  for  some  time  used  a  moose-wood  cane, 
instead  of  a  sword.  Previously  to  this,  there  was  no 
military  training  in  Union. 

Joseph  Maxcy,  the  first  lieutenant,  Oct.  18,  1791 ; 
captain,  June  25,  1798 ;  major,  Sept.  5,  1805. 

William  Hart,  first  ensign,  Oct.  18,  1791. 

David  Gillmor  is  said  to  have  been  the  second 
lieutenant. 


INFANTRY.  339 

John  Blanch ard,  lieutenant,  Aug.  30,  1802. 

Rufus  Gillmor,  captain,  May  2,  1805 ;  major,  June 
26,  1810 ;  discharged  Feb.  2,  1814. 

Joseph  Pitman,  ensign,  June  16,  1806. 

Joseph  Vaughan,  lieutenant,  June  6,  1808;  dis- 
charged June  21,  1813. 

Peter  Adams,  captain,  Jan.  7, 1811 ;  discharged  Aug. 

21,  1813. 

David  Grafton,  ensign,  Jan.  7,  1811 ;  lieutenant, 
Oct.  2,  1813 ;  captain,  Jan.  8,  1814 ;  moved  from 
town ;  discharged  March  24,  1817. 

Ruftis  Gillmor,  jun.,  ensign,  Oct.  2,  1813;  lieu- 
tenant, Jan.  8,  1814 ;  moved  to  Searsmont ;  dis- 
charged March  9,  1816. 

Bailey  More,  ensign,  Jan.  8,  1814 ;   lieutenant,  May 

22,  1816 ;   moved   to  Searsmont ;   discharged  March 
20,  1817. 

Noah  Rice,  ensign.  May  22, 1816  ;  captain,  April  30, 
1817  ;  re-elected  captain,  Sept.  24,  1825 ;  removed. 

Millard  Gillmor,  lieutenant,  April  30,  1817 ;  moved 
from  town ;  discharged  July  6,  1819. 

Nathaniel  Tobey,  ensign,  April  30,  1817 ;  lieute- 
nant ;  discharged  1823. 

Cyrus  Robbins,  ensign,  Aug.  30,  1819  ;  discharged 
May  27,  1820. 

John  Pearse  Robbins,  captain,  May  24,  1823; 
removed  1825. 

Philo  Thurston,  ensign,  July  5,  1825 ;  discharged 
March  17,  1834. 

Ebenezer  Ward  Adams,  captain,  Sept.  18,  1832; 
cashiered  Sept.  8,  1835. 

John  Fuller,  lieutenant,  Sept.  18,  1832 ;  discharged 
March  5,  1840. 

George  Robbins,  captain.  May  10,  1834 ;  discharged 
by  limitation,  Jan.  3,  1842. 

Alexander  Skinner,  lieutenant.  May  10,  1834;  dis- 
charged by  limitation,  Jan.  3,  1842. 

Life  W.  Boggs,  ensign.  May  10,  1834;  discharged 
by  limitation,  Jan.  3,  1842. 


340  MILITARY  HISTORY. 

LIGHT  INFANTRY. 

General  Orders.  —  "Head  Quarters,  Feb.  26,  1806. 
The  Commander-in-chief,  having  been  authorized  by  a  re- 
solve of  the  General  Court,  on  the  petition  of  Micajah 
Gleason  and  others,  and  having  the  advice  of  Council, 
thereupon  orders  that  a  company  of  light-infantry  be  raised 
in  the  Fourth  Regiment,  First  Brigade  and  Eighth  Divi- 
sion of  the  Militia,  to  be  annexed  to  said  regiment,  and  sub- 
ject to  all  the  regulations  established  by  law;  provided,' 
nevertheless,  that  no  standing  company  of  foot  be  reduced 
thereby  to  a  less  number  than  sixty-four  effective  privates. 
"  By  order  of  the  Commander-in-chief, 

"  Wm.  Donnison,  Adjutant-General." 

Organization  and  Dress.  —  The  light-infantry  was 
accordingly  organized  in  1806.  The  dress  consisted 
of  blue  short  coats  with  buff  facings,  blue  panta- 
loons, half-gaiters  bound  with  buff,  oval  black  leather 
caps,  with  a  red  painted  stripe  two  or  three  inches 
wide  around  them,  and  a  strip  of  bear-skin  about  three 
inches  wide,  extending  from  the  brow  over  the  top  of 
the  head  to  the  back  of  the  neck.  On  the  right  side 
of  the  caps  was  a  cockade,  from  behind  which  rose  a 
perpendicular  red  plume.  The  musicians  substituted 
red  or  buff  coats  and  white  pantaloons. 

Officers.  —  Nathan  Williams,  captain.  May  22, 
1806. 

Joseph  Morse,  lieutenant.  May  22,  1806 ;  discharged 
Feb.  20,  1812. 

Micajah  Gleason,  ensign,  May  22,  1806  ;  resigned 
Feb.  28,  1809. 

Edmund  Mallard,  ensign,  Aug.  24,  1809. 

Herman  Hawes,  the  second  person  born  in  Union 
who  did  military  duty,  was  elected  captain,  April  23, 
1811 ;  major.  May  7,  1814 ;  breveted  lieutenant-colo- 
nel, July  1,  1816,  according  to  an  Act  of  the  Legis- 
lature, passed  June  20,  1816 ;  discharged  April  9, 
1818.' 

John  W.  Lindley,  lieutenant.  May  11,  1812;  cap- 
tain, Aug.  25,  1813 ;  discharged  April  9,  1818. 


RIFLE   COMPANY.  341 

Hervey  Maxcy,  ensign,  May  11,  1812;  lieutenant, 
Aug.  25,  1814;  discharged  April  9,  1818. 

Samuel  Stone,  ensign,  Aug.  25,  1814;  captain, 
May  19,  1818 ;  discharged  and  company  disbanded, 
June  14,  1819. 

Eben  Stone,  lieutenant.  May  19,  1818 ;  discharged 
and  company  disbanded,  June  14,  1819. 

KIFLE  COMPANY. 

Organization.  —  Nathan  Bachelder  and  forty-one 
others  petitioned  the  Governor  and  Council  that  the 
light-infantry,  commanded  by  Capt.  Samuel  Stone, 
might  be  disbanded,  and  that  they  might  be  formed 
into  a  rifle-company.  The  measure  was  approved 
by  the  officers  commanding  the  regiment,  brigade,  and 
division,  and  by  Capt.  Stone,  most  of  whose  men 
were  among  the  petitioners.  It  was  alleged,  that  the 
light-infantry  was  small  in  number,  and  not  fully 
officered  and  not  easily  recruited.  The  committee  of 
the  council  reported  favorably  June  12,  1819,  and  the 
report  was  accepted  by  the  Governor  on  the  same  day. 
June  14,  the  adjutant-general  issued  his  orders  ac- 
cordingly. They  passed  dow^n  from  the  major-general, 
June  21 ;  from  the  brigadier-general,  July  6 ;  and 
from  Col.  Isaac  G.  Reed,  Aug.  9.  The  meeting  for 
election  of  officers  and  organization  was  held  Aug.  23. 
The  company  was  recruited  by  voluntary  enlistment 
within  the  regiraent. 

Dress.  —  The  dress  consisted  of  short,  blue  round- 
jackets,  single-breasted,  trimmed  with  yellow  ferret 
and  ball-buttons  ;  of  pantaloons  with  a  row  of  ball- 
buttons  down  each  leg  on  the  outside  seam,  with 
three  rows  at  the  bottom,  six  buttons  high ;  and  of 
thin  half-boots,  and  of  white  neck-handkerchiefs  and 
white  vests.  The  leather  caps  had  a  yellow  strap 
painted  round  them,  and  a  strip  of  bear-skin,  about 
three  inches  wide,  running  from  the  brow,  over  the 
head,  to  the  back  of  the  neck. 

The  rifles,  about  forty  in  number,  were  purchased  in 
1820,  for  fifteen  dollars  each,  with  merchantable  boards 


342  MILITARY  HISTORY. 

at  nine  dollars  per  thousand.  Upon  each  of  them  were 
stamped  the  words,  "  Union  Rifle  Company." 

Officers.  —  John  Bachelder,  captain,  Aug.  23, 
1819 ;  lieutenant-colonel,  March  3,  1823 ;  discharged 
Aug.  27,  1825.  Lewis  Bachelder,  lieutenant,  Aug. 
23,  1819;  captain,  May  24,  1823;  removed.  Spen- 
cer Mero,  ensign,  Aug.  23,  1819 ;  resigned.  Ebenezer 
Cobb,  lieutenant.  May  24,  1823 ;  resigned  Feb.  3, 
1829.  William  Shepherd  (or  Shepard),  lieutenant, 
Dec.  27, 1823  ;  discharged  Dec.  6, 1825.  Marcus  GiU- 
mor,  ensign.  May  24,  1823 ;  discharged.  Nathan 
Bachelder,  captain,  Sept.  24,  1825 ;  discharged  and 
company  disbanded,  July  2,  1831.  Lemuel  S.  Rice, 
lieutenant,  x\ug.  19,  1830 ;  discharged  and  company 
disbanded,  July  2,  1831.  Cyrus  Gale  Bachelder,  en- 
sign, Aug.  19,  1830  ;  discharged  and  company  dis- 
banded, July  2,  1831. 

DiSBANDMENT.  —  Juuc  28,  1831,  thc  Standing  Com- 
mittee on  Military  Affairs  reported  to  the  Governor's 
Council  that  there  was  no  evidence  in  the  office  of  the 
adjutant-general  to  show  that  the  company  had  done 
any  duty  since  1824;  and  that  the  last  inspection- 
return  was  handed  in  by  the  officers,  "  without  a  non- 
commissioned officer,  musician,  or  private ;  and  that 
the  company  ought  to  be  disbanded."  A  vote  for 
disbanding  it  was  passed  the  same  day.  The  general 
order  to  carry  it  into  effect  was  dated  July  2 ;  the 
division-order,  July  5  ;  brigade-order,  July  25 ;  and 
regimental  order,  Aug.  5,  1831.  The  officers  were 
discharged ;  and  the  members  of  the  company,  liable 
to  do  military  duty,  were  ordered  to  be  enrolled  in  the 
standing  companies  of  infantry  within  whose  bounds 
they  respectively  resided. 


COMPANIES   CALLED    OUT.  343 


CHAPTER  XXXVIII. 

MILITARY  HISTORY. 

{Continued.) 

War  of  1812.  —  Pay  voted  by  the  Town. — Drafts. — Alarm. — 
Companies  ordered  out.  —  Parade  on  Sunday.  —  March  to  Cam- 
den. —  Peace.  —  Soldiers  from  Union  in  the  Army.  —  Texan  War. 
—  Mexican  War. 

WAR  OF  1812. 

After  the  declaration  of  war  in  1812,  the  first  move- 
ment of  the  town  on  military  affairs  was,  July  16  of 
the  same  year,  upon  an  article  "  to  see  if  the  town  will 
consider  the  state  of  the  militia  who  are  detached,  and 
hold  themselves  in  readiness  to  march  at  a  moment's 
warning,  and  act  or  do  any  thing  relative  thereto."  It 
was  "  voted  that  the  militia  of  the  town  drafted  for  the 
service  of  the  United  States  shall,  in  addition  to  the 
pay  they  receive  from  the  United  States  and  individual 
States^  be  entitled  to  so  much  money,  to  be  paid  out 
of  the  treasury  of  this  town,  as  shall  make  the  whole 
sum  of  their  pay  received  from  all  the  above  sources 
to  amount  to  ten  dollars  for  each  month  which  they 
shall  serve  as  aforesaid ;  provided,  nevertheless,  that 
no  soldier  shall  be  entitled  to  any  pay  from  the  town, 
unless  he  shall  be  honorably  discharged." 

There  were  occasionally  drafts  of  a  few  persons  du- 
ring the  first  two  years ;  but,  in  Sept.  1814,  the  appre- 
hension of  an  attack  on  Camden  was  so  strong  that 
orders  came  for  every  man  to  turn  out.  British  armed 
vessels  were  occasionally  seen  along  the  coast.  "  A 
body  of  men,  despatched  in  barges  from  two  armed 
ships  lying  at  the  mouth  of  St.  George's  River,  entered 
in  the  night-time,  without  opposition,  the  fort  below 
Thomaston,  spiked  the  guns,  destroyed  the  munitions 
of  war  and  buildings,  set  fire  to  one  vessel,  and  towed 


344  MILITARY  HISTORY. 

away  two  others.  It  is  said  the  barges  ventured  within 
a  mile  of  Knox's  Wharf,  near  the  Old  Fort,  and  were 
only  hastened  back  by  the  appearance  of  day-light. 
So  bold  was  this  adventure  that  it  excited  a  general 
and  extensive  alarm.  Col.  Foote,  of  Camden,  ordered 
out  a  great  part  of  his  regiment  to  guard  and  defend 
the  neighboring  coast  and  country."  ^ 

To  Union  orders  came  on  Saturday  to  be  ready  to 
march  on  Sunday  morning.  At  the  appointed  time, 
the  members  of  the  military  companies  assembled  on 
the  Common ;  though  the  light-infantry  did  not  march 
till  Monday.  To  many  the  call  occasioned  great  in- 
convenience. Farmers  were  summoned  away,  not 
knowing  how  long  they  might  be  absent,  and  with  the 
expectation  that  what  of  harvesting  remained  must  be 
done  by  the  women  and  the  children,  or  not  done  at 
all.  Besides,  —  let  people  say  what  they  may,  —  the 
prospect  of  facing  bullets  l:)acked  \^dth  gunpowder  is 
not  agreeable.  There  was  a  general  sadness.  Women 
and  children  assembled  to  witness  the  military  move- 
ments. In  thoughtlessness  or  with  anticipations  of 
various  evils,  boys  of  all  ages  were  running  about 
among  the  men.  A  lad,  nine  or  ten  years  old,  was 
greatly  distressed  about  a  favorite  fife,  which  he  had 
lent  to  one  of  the  musicians,  whose  intention  evidently 
was  to  carry  it  with  him.  "  It  would  be  taken  by  the 
enemy."  The  answer  to  his  reluctant  application  for 
it  was  insufficient  to  ciuiet  him. 

With  the  uncomfortable  feelings  of  the  occasion 
were  mingled  those  of  regret,  at  the  profanation  of  the 
Lord's  Day,  for  which  in  many  minds  there  was  a 
deep  reverence.  When  the  hour  for  worship  came, 
several  of  the  soldiers  wished  to  attend  the  service. 
As  the  arrangements  for  marching  were  not  com- 
pleted, permission  was  given,  on  condition  that  the 
men  would  come  together  again  at  the  beat  of 
the  drum.  They  went  to  the  meeting-house  in  their 
military  accoutrements.  Before  Mr.  True  had  finished 
the  sermon,  the  summoning  sound  was  heard.  The 
*  Williamson's  Hist,  of  Maine,  ii.  641-2. 


EXCURSION  TO   CANADA.  345 

men  simultaneously  rose,  and  went  out  of  the  meet- 
ing-house. The  novel  movement,  at  such  a  solemn 
time,  awakened  deep  emotion ;  and  many  of  the  re- 
maining members  of  the  congregation  could  not  refrain 
from  tears. 

The  soldiers  immediately  repaired  to  their  posts,  and 
marched  away,  to  the  solemn  music,  either  of  Roslin 
Castle  or  Boyne  Water,  in  the  playing  of  which  the 
boy  had  the  melancholy  satisfaction  of  hearing  his  fife. 
Upon  arriving  at  South  Union,  they  paraded  before  the 
store  of  Major  Robert  Foster,  partook  of  refreshments, 
and  were  met  by  the  selectmen,  who  provided  fresh 
cartridges.  They  marched  through  Warren  and  Tho- 
maston  to  Camden,  there  not  being  any  road  then 
between  Camden  and  Union.  Sadness,  ere  long,  gave 
place  to  merriment.  Fun  and  frolic  and  wit  abounded. 
Long  faces  were  not  tolerated.  The  only  drawback 
on  the  enjoyment  was  that  the  selectmen  were  not 
very  good  quarter-masters.  Each  person  was  ordered 
to  carry  three  days'  provisions ;  but,  after  that,  there 
was  not  the  variety  of  food  which  might  have  been 
expected,  if  the  military  had  had  more  experience  as 
cooks,  or  the  selectmen  as  providers. 

When  the  few  days  of  service  were  over,  the  com- 
panies moved  homeward.  The  sound  of  the  martial 
music  gave  notice  of  their  approach,  before  it  was  gene- 
rally known  that  they  were  coming.  The  women  and 
children  were  delighted.  To  the  little  boy,  it  seemed 
as  if  his  fife  had  never  before  sounded  so  loud  or  so 
well.  The  soldiers  were  welcomed  to  the  houses  and 
fields,  which  were  deserted  and  almost  desolate  during 
the  absence  of  nearly  every  able-bodied  man  in  the 
town.  When  the  boy  went  for  his  fife,  he  found  that 
it  had  not  been  "  taken  by  the  enemy,"  and  that  the 
welcome  sounds,  which  fell  so  delightfully  on  his  ear, 
came  not  from  his  instrument,  but  from  a  D  fife,  one 
having  been  furnished  by  the  government  to  each  com- 
pany of  the  regiment.^ 

^  Two  or  three  years  afterward,  the  boy  was  provided  with  a  suit 
of  the  uniform  worn  by  the  light-infantry ;  and,  at  the  head  of  the 
30 


346  MILITARY  HISTORY. 

In  November,  the  companies  were  again  ordered 
out,  and  went  through  Warren  and  Thomaston  to 
Camden,  and  were  absent  about  as  long  as  before. 
A  sloop,  containing  a  cargo  of  bale-goods,  invoiced  at 
forty  thousand  dollars,  bound  from  Halif^-x  to  Castine, 
was  captured  by  Major  Noah  Miller,  deputy-collector, 
and  an  armed  crew  from  Lincolnville.  The  deputy- 
collector  was  to  retain  ten  thousand  dollars  of  it  as  his 
portion.  The  cargo  was  carried  to  Warren  for  the  pur- 
pose of  having  it  immediately  sent  to  Boston.  The 
vessel  was  in  the  St.  George's.  Capt.  Mountjoy,  in 
the  "  Furieuse,"  of  thirty-eight  guns,  sailed  from  Cas- 
tine to  Camden,  and,  supposing  the  vessel  and  cargo 
to  be  there,  demanded  them,  and  threatened,  in  case 
of  non-compliance,  to  lay  Camden  and  Lincolnville  in 
ashes.  Two  of  the  selectmen  went  off  with  a  flag 
of  truce.  They  were  detained,  and  threatened  with 
imprisonment  till  the  vessel  and  cargo  should  be  given 
up ;  though  they  were  subsequently  released.^ 

Nov.  28,  1814,  after  the  last  turn-out  of  the  com- 
panies, the  town  "  voted  that  the  selectmen,  with  the 
assistance  of  Major  Gillmor,  should  procure  twenty 
barrels  of  good  beef,  on  a  credit  of  six  months,  for  the 
use  of  the  militia  when  marched  out  of  town."  The 
news  of  peace  came  in  February,  1815.  For  two  days  a 
long  white  streamer,  upon  which  were  sewed  an  eagle 

company,  he  marched  and  played  his  fife  at  trainings.  These  were 
his  happiest  days.  At  the  age  of  thirteen,  he  ended  his  military 
career,  by  going  to  Waldoborough,  "  playing  the  fife  all  day  on  the 
muster-field,"  and  exhibiting  his  red  coat  and  military  cap  before 
Governor  Brooks,  when  he  made  his  eastern  tour  in  the  year  1818. 

On  traifiing-days,  the  small  boys  were  generally  attracted  to  the 
light-infantry,  on  account  of  its  showy  uniform.  A  very  few  of 
them  marched  behind  it.  The  officers  were  always  pleasant  to  them. 
Ere  long,  they  put  themselves  at  the  head  of  the  company ;  and,  tak- 
ing hold  of  each  other's  hands,  and  stretching  their  little  legs,  in 
order  "  to  keep  step  with  the  music,"  they  preceded  the  captain. 
Then,  if  they  could  get  two  or  three  little  red  feathers  which  had 
dropped  from  some  one's  plume,  and  stick  them  under  their  hatbands, 
they  were  in  the  ne  plus  ultra  of  happiness.  On  such  occasions,  the 
large  boys  always  amused  themselves  in  playing  ball  on  the  west  side 
of  the  ledge  on  the  Common. 

1  "Williamson's  Hist,  of  Maine,  ii.  643  ;  C.  Eaton,  Esq.,  of  Warren. 


SOLDIERS  IN  THE  ARMY.  34T 

and  stars  of  red  cloth,  ingeniously  cut  by  Sarah  Bunt- 
ing, floated  from  a  flag-staff,  temporarily  erected  near 
Major  Gillmor's  door.  During  the  first  of  the  tv^^o 
days,  the  swivel,^  which  had  been  substituted  for  the 
old  cannon,  was  made  to  speak  as  loud  and  as  often 
as  practicable.  The  beef  was  not  wanted  ;  and,  by  a 
vote  of  the  town,  April  3,  1815,  the  selectmen  were 
instructed  to  dispose  of  it  "to  the  best  advantage 
which  they  can  find."  There  is  also  a  memorandum, 
dated  April  15,  1815,  which  shows,  that,  however  im- 
perfectly supplied  with  food,  the  soldiers  were  provided 
with  another  article,  which,  in  those  days  as  well  as 
in  the  days  of  the  Revolution,  was  considered  quite 
as  important :  "  Received  of  the  inhabitants  of  Union 
$14.24,  in  full  for  spirits  furnished  Capts.  J.  W.  Lind- 
ley  and  David  Grafton,  in  November  last,  for  use  of 
troops  from  Union.     Jno.  Nicholson." 

Jonathan  Brown  was  in  the  mifitary  movement 
down  the  St.  Lawrence  River,  and  in  a  severe  fight  in 
the  regiment  of  Col.  Eleazar  W.  Ripley.  Ebenezer 
Robbins  and  Richard  Cummings,  jun.,  entered  the 
army.  The  latter  was  wounded  at  the  battle  of 
Bridgewater,  and  draws  a  pension.  Daniel  Jacobs 
and  James  Gay  also  went  into  the  army,  and  never 
returned.  Jeremiah  Stubbs  enlisted,  and  deserted  three 
times,  the  penalty  for  which  was  to  be  shot;  then  went 
to  the  British  Provinces,  where  he  remained  till  the  war 
was  over.  Jonas  Stone  was  with  Commodore  Perry 
in  the  action  on  Lake  Erie,  and  helped  to  row  the  boat 

'  The  cannon  was  unearthed  in  digging  the  cellar  to  the  house  of 
Mrs.  Hastings,  near  Green's  Wharf,  in  Thomaston,  where  it  may  have 
been  brought  in  the  Old  French  War,  or  in  the  time  of  General  Wads- 
worth.  It  was  purchased  by  Mallard  and  Chase,  about  1809  or  1810, 
brought  to  Union,  and  kept  in  the  middle  of  the  Common,  on  the 
ledge  which  has  since  been  removed.  It  went  into  the  possession  of 
Major  Gillmor,  who  exchanged  it  for  the  swivel ;  and  it  was  used  for 
privateering  in  the  war  of  1812.  The  swivel  was  also  sold  and  car- 
ried to  Thomaston.  Subsequently,  another  swivel  was  obtained  by 
subscription.  It  was  carried  in  1847  to  the  summit  of  the  hill,  about 
midnight,  filled  with  powder,  plugged,  fired,  and  burst ;  and  one  piece, 
weighing  several  pounds,  was  thrown  to  within  a  few  rods  of  Seven 
Brook. 


348  MILITARY  HISTORY. 

which  bore  him  in  the  heat  of  the  battle  to  the  vessel, 
of  which,  after  his  own  was  crippled,  he  took  com- 
mand. Perry  stood  up  in  the  boat,  exposed  to  the 
enemy's  fire ;  and  Stone  pulled  his  coat  to  haul  him 
down. 

TEXAN  WAR. 

Milton  Irish  was  in  several  slight  skirmishes ;  also 
in  a  sharp  one,  Nov.  26,  in  the  vicinity  of  San  Anto- 
nio de  Bexar.  He  took  part  in  the  siege  which  termi- 
nated in  the  capitulation  of  that  place,  Nov.  11,  1835, 
and  was  slightly  wounded  in  the  neck  by  a  musket- 
ball.  He  was  one  of  the  party  which,  in  March,  1836, 
capitulated  to  the  enemy  about  twenty  miles  from 
Victoria,-  on  the  Warlope  [Guadaloupe],  and  was  con- 
ducted to  Labadea.  April  2,  they  were  marched  out 
into  an  enclosure  to  be  shot.  They  had  no  intimation 
of  the  purpose  till  they  were  on  the  ground,  and  con- 
jectured it  from  the  manoeuvres.  After  the  discharge 
of  the  musketry,  and  amid  the  death-shrieks  which,  in 
his  letter,  ^  he  says  still  ring  in  his  ears,  hastily  glancing 
his  eyes  around,  he  discovered  on  his  "left  about  a 
dozen  men,  who  had  made  their  way  over  the  brush- 
fence,"  near  to  which  they  had  been  drawn  up.  He 
"  sprang  for  the  fence  as  springing  for  his  life,"  and 
"  was  soon  on  the  other  side."  He  was  pursued  by  an 
officer  with  a  drawn  sword,  and  then  by  a  horseman ; 
but  he  changed  his  route,  and  attention  was  diverted 
from  him  to  some  of  the  others  who  were  going  in  a 
different  direction.  He  succeeded  in  reaching  some 
bushes ;  "  bent  his  course  for  the  river,  which  he  crossed  ; 
and  proceeded  some  distance  on  the  bank."  He  again 
swam  the  river,  and  concealed  himself  till  dark,  and 
then  proceeded  towards  the  American  settlements. 
After  ten  days,  he  reached  the  Colorado.  May  18, 
after  six  weeks'  concealment,  he  learned  that  Santa 
Anna  was  a  prisoner;  and,  in  two  days  afterward, 
upon  the  arrival  of  the  Texan  army,  he  joined  it,  and 

*  Long  extracts  from  this  letter  to  his  father  were  published  in  the 
Lincoln  Telegraph,  at  Waldoborough,  Feb.  10,  1837. 


TEXAN   AND   MEXICAN  WARS.  349 

went  to  Labadea,  where  he  "  witnessed  the  funeral 
services  of  his  former  companions,  whose  remains  after 
the  massacre  had  been  partly  burned."  He  continues  : 
"  This  was  the  most  trying  scene  through  which  I  ever 
passed.  I  continued  in  the  army  till  June  2,  when  I 
procured  my  discharge,  and  reached  San  Augustine 
the  25th  of  the  same  month." 

Andrew  Benner,  of  Waldoborough,  now  resident  in 
Union,  entered  the  Texan  army  in  1838.  When 
Texas,  under  Lamar's  administration,  declared  war 
against  the  Indians,  he  was  brought  into  several  skir- 
mishes. Nov.  1,  1839,  he  was  wounded  in  the  hand, 
in  a  skirmish  with  the  Camanche  Indians,  about  sixty 
miles  east  of  Austin. 

MEXICAN  WAR. 

Abner  Bills  was  a  private,  and  afterwards  a  war- 
rant-officer and  clerk  under  Capt.  Bodfish,  in  the  Ninth 
or  New  England  Regiment.  Aug.  12,  1847,  he  joined 
the  army  of  Gen.  Scott  at  Puebla.  He  was  in  the 
battles  of  Contreras  and  Churubusco,  and,  with  the 
army,  entered  the  city  of  Mexico.  After  being  there 
about  three  months,  the  regiment  went  to  Pachuca, 
near  the  head-quarters  of  the  English  silver  mining 
company  of  Rio  del  Monte.  May  4,  1848,  after  re- 
maining here  about  five  months,  the  regiment  took  up 
the  line  of  march  for  home  by  the  way  of  Vera  Cruz. 

Oren  Robbins  enlisted  in  the  army  against  Mexico, 
and  died  in  that  country,  Nov.  20,  1847. 


30* 


350  MILITARY  HISTORY. 


CHAPTER  XXXIX. 

MILITARY   HISTORY. 

{Continited.) 

Difficulty  with  the  Waldonian  Officers.  —  The  Dinner.  —  Waldonian 
Influence  in  the  Field.  —  Election  of  Lieut.-Col.  Bachelder.  — 
Precedence  of  Rank  on  the  Field.  —  Remoteness  of  Musters.  —  Pe- 
cuniary Considerations.  —  Indignation  at  a  Military  Election.  — 
Acts  of  the  Legislature.  —  Excitement. 

Soon  after  the  conclusion  of  the  war  of  1812,  there 
commenced  between  some  of  the  inhabitants  of  Union 
and  of  Waldoborough  a  state  of  unfriendly  feeling, 
which  led  to  one  of  the  most  important  events  in  the 
history  of  the  town.  It  ended  in  the  entire  overthrow 
of  all  military  organization.  At  first  the  incidents 
were  trifling.  It  was  not  long,  however,  before  the 
difficulty  began  to  assume  a  serious  aspect.  The  first 
open  expression  of  the  state  of  feeling  was  at  a  mili- 
tary muster.  The  officers  were  in  the  habit,  such  as 
chose,  of  going  to  a  tavern  and  dining  together ;  each 
one  paying  his  own  bill.  On  the  present  occasion,  one 
of  the  Waldoborough  officers  invited  the  others  to  dine 
in  his  marquee.  They  supposed  the  entertainment  was 
meant  as  an  act  of  courtesy,  and  would  be  gratuitous. 
The  surprise  may  be  imagined,  when  the  officer,  just  be- 
fore they  dispersed,  observed  to  them,  in  a  manner  not 
to  be  misunderstood,  that  he  trusted  no  one  would  go 
away  without  leaving  a  dollar.  Rumor  said  that  the 
compensation  was  enough  to  provide  the  dinner,  and 
purchase  the  table-furniture ;  and  that  the  officer  took 
what  remained,  carried  home  the  knives,  forks,  and 
dishes,  and  made  a  speculation.  The  story  was  pro- 
bably exaggerated ;  but  there  was  enough  truth  in  it 
to  make  the  Union  officers  think  that  an  imposition 
had  been  practised  on  them.  The  next  year  they 
manifested  their  indignation  by  not  presenting  them- 
selves at  the  marqttee. 


WALDONIAN  INFLUENCE.  851 

About  the  time  when  the  Union  Rifle  Company 
was  formed,  the  Waldonians  were  divided  into  one 
independent  and  three  infantry-companies.  This  ar- 
rangement gave  a  great  portion  of  the  officers  to  the 
Waldonians,  and  nearly  enabled  them  to  control 
the  elections.  In  addition  to  this,  it  was  conjectured 
that  the  commissions  of  officers  who  had  been  elected 
were  kept  back  till  after  a  succeeding  election,  so  that 
the  Waldonians  carried  the  day  in  the  choice  of 
officers. 

March  3,  1823,  Capt.  John  Bachelder,  of  Union,  was 
elected  lieutenant-colonel  over  Major  Gorham  Parks, 
then  of  Waldoborough.  There  was  a  violent  snow- 
storm on  that  day,  and  the  roads  were  almost  impas- 
sable. Several  of  the  captains  and  subalterns  remon- 
strated against  the  result.  They  stated  that  the  major, 
on  "  whose  courage  and  conduct  they  could  rely,"  and 
whose  rank  and  date  of  commission  would  have  point- 
ed him  out  for  promotion,  was  superseded.  They 
addressed  the  commander-in-chief,  stating  that  they 
should  have  voted  for  the  major;  and  requested  him 
"  to  set  aside  the  proceedings  of  the  third  of  March,  and 
issue  orders  for  a  new  choice  of  lieutenant-colonel; 
which  request  they  conceived  themselves  in  honor 
bound  to  "  make.  This  movement  of  the  Waldonians 
did  nothing  toward  a  reconciliation  of  the  Unionites, 
who  naturally  said  that  these  remonstrants  might  have 
attended  the  election  as  well  as  themselves. 

On  one  occasion,  a  dispute  arose  between  the  Union 
and  the  Waldoborough  officers  respecting  precedence 
in  rank.  According  to  military  rule,  companies,  when 
formed  into  line  on  parade,  take  places  according  to 
the  date  of  the  captains'  commissions,  the  oldest  on  the 
right.  At  one  of  the  musters,  a  field-officer  being  sick, 
the  senior  captain,  who  belonged  to  Waldoborough, 
was  called  to  do  duty  on  horseback.  His  company, 
commanded  by  a  lieutenant,  was  placed  on  the  right. 
Thus,  a  Waldoborough  lieutenant  had,  to  all  appear- 
ance, command  over  the  captains;  and  the  Union 
officers  could  not  take  their  proper  place  in  the  fine. 


352  MILITARY   HISTORY. 

For  many  years,  the  complaints  of  the  Union  people 
had  been  on  the  increase,  because  they  were  always 
required  to  go  to  Waldoborough,  or  to  a  part  of  War- 
ren near  to  Waldoborough,  to  attend  the  annual  mus- 
ter. The  inhabitants  living  near  Mount  Pleasant  were 
obliged  to  parade  beyond  Waldoborough  Bridge,  and 
not  far  from  the  Nobleborough  line,  a  distance  of 
nearly  eighteen  miles  ;  whereas,  on  the  other  side  of  the 
muster-field,  there  was  not  probably  half  of  one  com- 
pany belonging  to  the  regiment.  Previously,  the  regi- 
ment had  occasionally  mustered  in  Warren,  not  very  far 
from  the  village.  The  inhabitants  of  Union  naturally 
said,  "  Let  us  sometimes  have  the  muster  here."  And 
it  is  a  remarkable  fact  that  there  never  was  a  general 
muster  in  Union.^ 

Pecuniary  considerations  also  may  have  had  some 
weight.  The  money  which  is  spent  by  the  crowd  of 
people  on  a  day  of  military  parade  is  not  unimportant 
to  a  small  town.  The  Waldoborough  officers  may 
not  have  been  indifferent  to  this ;  and  the  Unionites 
may  have  thought  it  would  not  be  amiss  occasionally  to 
reap  the  benefit  of  it.  Generally  some  person  was  sent 
each  year  to  the  vicinity  of  the  muster-field,  a  short 
time  before  the  day  of  parade,  to  make  arrangements 
for  entertainment.  The  charges  for  refreshments  be- 
came very  high.  Most  of  the  Union  people  accordingly 
concluded  to  take  the  matter  into  their  hands,  and 
provide  for  themselves.  And  when,  at  the  time  of 
the  explosion,  some  of  the  militia  carried  hay  and  pro- 
vender, and  tied  their  horses  by  the  fences,  instead 
of  pasturing  and  stabling  them,  there  was  said  to  be 
at  least  one  of  the  officers  whose  notice  it  did  not 
escape ;  and  he  exclaimed  with  an  oath,  that  the  peo- 
ple of  Union  would  not  leave  money  enough  in  town 
to  pay  for  their  horse-keeping. 

Feb.  23,  1824,  there  was  an  election  of  officers. 
According  to  the  best  information  which  has  been  ob- 

^  There  was  once,  and  once  only,  a  sham-fight.  It  was  on  the  Philip 
Robbins  Place,  south  or  south-east  of  the  present  residence  of  Mr.  S. 
C.  Hawes,  and  west  or  south-west  of  the  island. 


EAWSON'S   election. — UNION   LAWS.  353 

tained,  parties  were  for  a  time  equally  divided.  The 
Union  and  Warren  officers  united,  and  chose  William 
Ludwig  colonel.  He  declined.  They  were  called  on 
to  bring  in  their  votes  again.  The  Union  officers  had 
gone  from  the  hall.  One  of  the  Waldoborough  officers 
mentioned  the  fact  that  they  had  not  voted.  His 
observation  elicited  from  some  one  the  remark,  "  D — n 
the  Union  officers  !  who  cares  for  them  ?  "  The  votes 
were  counted,  and  Avery  Rawson  was  declared  colonel. 
He  accepted  the  appointment,  thanked  his  friends  for 
the  honor  which  they  had  conferred  on  him,  and  assured 
others  that  they  should  not  want  a  colonel  so  long  as 
he  could  ride  a  horse.  At  that  time  or  subsequently, 
it  is  said  he  observed,  referring  to  the  Union  people, 
that  he  should  "  hold  their  faces  to  the  grindstone." 

Within  two  years  after  Colonel  Bachelder's  elec- 
tion, probably  through  the  Waldoborough  influence, 
the  Legislature  passed  a  law  that  "  no  election  for  the 
choice  of  brigadier-general  or  field-officer  should  be 
valid,  unless  a  majority  of  all  the  electors  qualified  to 
vote  in  such  choice  (including  all  existing  vacancies  in 
the  offices  of  such  electors)  should  be  present  at  such 
election."  This  was  one  of  the  legislative  acts,  passed 
from  time  to  time,  particularly  to  meet  the  emergencies 
in  Union,  and  commonly  known  in  Union  and  the 
vicinity  by  the  name  of  "  The  Union  Laws."  Of 
course  the  Unionites  were  provoked,  and  were  inclined 
either  to  show  their  defiance  of  such  acts,  or  to  exercise 
their  ingenuity  in  evading  them.^ 

These  events  may  not  have  occurred  in  the  order  of 
the  narration.  But  so  much  dissatisfaction  had  arisen, 
that  this  course  of  affairs  could  not  be  continued. 
The  excitement  in  Union  had  been  growing  till  it  was 
very  great.  There  was  hardly  any  one  who  did  not 
enter   into   it  with   some    spirit.     Persons  who  were 

*  A  few  years  afterward,  when  the  penalty  for  neglecting  to  warn 
a  training  was  a  fine,  the  captain  issued  his  order  to  some  private,  who 
he  knew  would  not  warn  the  men,  and  who  still  had  no  property 
■which  could  be  taken  to  pay  the  fine.  Irresponsible  persons  were 
chosen  to  do  every  thing. 


354  MILITARY   HISTORY. 

exempted  from  military  duty,  officers  who  had  re- 
signed, and  influential  citizens  not  connected  with  the 
companies,  were  willing  to  aid  in  evading  what  they 
considered  imposition  and  abuse. 


CHAPTEE    XL. 

MILITARY  HISTORY. 

(Continued.) 

Violent  Rain-storm.  —  The  Companies  at  Waldoborongh  Meeting- 
house.—  Uncomfortable  Feelings. — Bm-ial  of  the  Colonel  under 
Arms.  —  Uneasiness.  —  Anecdotes.  —  Line  formed.  —  Irregular 
March  to  the  Muster-field.  —  Rogue's  March.  —  Unsuccessful  At- 
tempt to  stop  the  Music.  —  Orders  misunderstood.  —  Confusion. 
—  Desertion.  —  Hurrah. 

As  the  story  goes,  orders  came,  either  in  1823  or 
1824,  to  muster  in  battalions.  The  colonel  requested 
the  general  to  countermand  the  orders.  The  general 
replied  that  he  could  not,  unless  the  officers  of  the 
regiment  were  in  favor  of  it.  If  the  colonel  found  they 
were,  he  might  write  to  him  to  that  effect,  and  he  would 
accommodate  them.  The  colonel,  it  is  said,  after  a 
few  days  wrote  to  him  that  they  would  like  the  change. 
The  Union  officers,  when  they  heard  what  was  going 
on,  went  to  Waldo  borough.  According  to  their  ac- 
count, they  could  not  find  an  officer,  whom  the  colonel 
had  consulted ;  nor  would  the  colonel  do  any  thing 
about  making  another  representation,  or  having  the 
muster  nearer  Union. 

The  companies  were  ordered  to  be  at  Waldoborough 
at  eight  o'clock  on  the  morning  of  Sept.  8,  1824. 
They  arrived  at  the  time  appointed.  The  weather 
was  stormy.  The  distance  from  Union  Common  was 
about  twelve  miles.  A  considerable  part  of  the  night 
had  been  spent  by  them  on  the  road.  Some  persons 
lived  sixteen  or  eighteen   miles  distant.     They  were 


MUSTER   AT   WALDOBOROUGH.  355 

cold  and  wet  and  cross.  There  seemed  to  be  a  deter- 
mination not  to  be  imposed  on  any  longer.  Almost 
every  man  —  for  it  was  then  a  universal  custom  at 
military  trainings  and  musters — drank  a  glass  of  grog 
to  prevent  his  taking  cold,  and  to  enable  him  the  bet- 
ter to  do  his  duty. 

The  Union  Infantry  Company  was  commanded  by 
Capt.  John  P.  Robbins.  They  assembled  at  the 
hour  appointed,  near  the  meeting-house.  After  a 
while,  the  adjutant  came  to  the  captain,  and  said,  if 
it  continued  "  wetting,"  the  men  would  probably  be 
inspected  under  cover.  The  captain  remarked  that 
he  had  as  good  a  shelter  as  he  wanted,  in  the  lee  of 
the  meeting-house,  and  told  the  adjutant,  if  he  wanted 
a  better,  he  might  provide  it.  Capt.  Robbins  then 
marched  his  men  down  to  the  village,  and  dismissed 
them  till  beat  of  drum. 

The  Union  Rifle  Company,  commanded  by  Capt. 
Lewis  Bachelder,  was  ordered  to  assemble  at  the 
corner  opposite  to  the  colonel's  residence.  Respect- 
ing what  passed  immediately  afterward,  there  is 
diversity  of  opinion.  One  statement  is,  that  the  com- 
pany was  before  the  colonel's  door.  The  rain  fell  in 
torrents.  The  colonel  observed  to  the  officers  who 
were  in  the  room  with  him,  "  They  mean  to  act  the 
soldier,"  and  sent  out  and  invited  the  company  to 
come  in  and  take  some  refreshment.  Capt.  Bach- 
elder asked  the  messenger  if  the  colonel  had  said 
any  thing  about  quarters.  .  The  answer  was  in  the 
negative.  They  declined  going  in.  A  consultation 
was  then  held  among  the  officers  in  Rawson's  house ; 
and  a  person  was  sent  out  to  repeat  the  invitation. 
But  the  company  still  declined.  The  only  reply  was, 
"  We  are  neither  sugar  nor  salt ;  but,  if  you  have  any 
military  duty  to  do,  we  are  ready  to  do  it."  Such  is 
one  view  of  the  case. 

The  other  statement  is,  that  no  such  invitation 
was  extended  to  the  rifle-company.  Capt.  Bachelder 
asserts  positively  that  he  never  received  any  official 
notice  to  go  into  the  house.     The  colonel  sent  the 


856  MILITARY  HISTORY. 

adjutant  to  the  captain,  with  a  request  that  he  would 
put  his  company  into  quarters.  The  captain  took  no 
notice  of  it.  The  adjutant  then  brought  to  the  cap- 
tain positive  orders  to  do  it  forthwith.  The  captain's 
reply  was,  that  he  had  not  seen  a  quarter-master  that 
day,  and  that  he  should  not  provide  quarters  at  his 
own  expense :  when  suitable  quarters  were  provided, 
he  would  occupy  them.  The  adjutant  observed  that 
there  were  barns  and  sheds.  The  captain  said  he 
should  not  put  his  company  into  a  barn  or  shed  in 
Waldohorough ;  and,  as  to  hiring  quarters,  he  should  not 
do  it.  This  was  the  last  which  the  captain  heard  from 
the  colonel  or  the  adjutant  on  the  subject.  He  took 
care,  however,  to  remain  on  the  ground  a  sufficient 
time  for  the  quarter-master  to  appear,  or  to  receive  in- 
formation from  the  colonel  respecting  quarters,  if  any 
were  provided.  The  company  then  proceeded  to  the 
lee  of  the  meeting-house  from  which  Capt.  Robbins 
had  marched. 

In  the  mean  time,  after  having  dismissed  his  com- 
pany, Capt.  Robbins,  with  the  other  officers  of  the 
infantry,  went  back  to  the  meeting-house,  where  the 
rifle-company  was  formed.  The  captain  of  the  rifle- 
company  remarked,  that,  as  they  were  all  from  Union, 
they  had  better  come  together,  and  have  something  to 
drink,  —  a  practice,  in  those  days,  indicating  cordiality 
and  a  reciprocation  of  friendly  feelings.  Upon  this, 
Capt.  Robbins  returned,  ordered  the  beat  of  the  drum, 
and  took  up  the  line  of  march  toward  the  meeting- 
house. Before  Robbins  arrived  there,  the  rifle-company 
was  on  the  march.  Ex- Capt.  Rice  and  Dr.  Harding 
came  to  the  company,  and  gave  Capt.  Robbins  a  hint 
to  stop  his  music,  fall  in  the  rear  of  the  rifle-company, 
and  reverse  arms. 

The  captain  and  the  privates  of  the  rifle-company 
understood  each  other.  They  commenced  their  march 
in  open  columns  of  platoons.  The  captain  gave  no 
orders.  He  went  forward,  and  the  company  followed 
him.  As  they  wheeled  into  the  street,  the  music 
struck  up  a  funeral  dirge.      It  was  Pleyel's  German 


MILITARY  FUNERAL.  357 

Hymn,  meant  probably,  in  part,  as  an  intentional  dis- 
respect to  the  Waldonians,  who  were  chiefly  of  Ger- 
man origin.  Arms  were  reversed.  The  infantry  fell 
in  the  rear  with  reversed  arms  also,  and  marched  to 
the  music  of  the  rifle-company.  The  colonel,  oij 
seeing  them  from  his  window,  said  to  his  by-standers, 
"  Now,  we  will  let  them  know  that  we  are  neither 
sugar  nor  salt :  we  will  give  them  enough  of  it." 
The  adjutant  was  dispatched  with  orders  to  the  Union 
companies  to  form  a  line  in  thirty  minutes.  As 
there  was  ample  time,  they  continued  their  march. 
There  was  a  marquee^  where,  in  a  military  point  of 
view,  were  the  colonel's  quarters.  This,  to  evade 
any  charge  of  military  disrespect,  they  carefully  avoid- 
ed. Various  reports  respecting  the  purpose  of  the 
Union  companies  were  circulated.  Some  persons 
said  they  were  going  off;  others,  that  they  were  bury- 
ing the  colonel  under  arms.  Some  of  the  Unionites 
said  that  the  colonel  did  not  want  to  come  out  in  the 
rain,  and  get  his  new  uniform  wet.  Others,  while 
standing  in  the  rain  at  the  meeting-house,  had  said 
they  supposed  he  must  be  dead.  They  had  previously 
heard  that  he  was  in  ill  health ;  and  they  persisted  in 
saying,  that,  if  he  were  alive  and  well,  he  would  not 
permit  soldiers  to  stand  in  the  rain,  without  letting 
them  do  their  duty.     He  must  be  dead. 

The  houses,  stores,  streets,  and  corners  of  the  streets, 
were  occupied  by  wondering  spectators.  The  com- 
panies marched  to  the  music  of  muffled  drums  and 
the  dirge,  with  as  great  solemnity  as  at  a  military 
funeral,  up  the  hill  by  the  colonel's  house,  in  which  he 
then  was.  They  then  wheeled,  and,  striking  up  quick 
time,  marched  the  whole  length  of  the  village.  Some 
say  they  even  went  to  the  gate  at  the  head  of  the  lane 
leading  to  the  burying-ground.  The  adjutant,  very 
soon  after  giving  his  first  order,  probably  for  the  pur- 
pose of  stopping  these  proceedings,  ordered  the  line 
to  be  formed  in  fifteen,  instead  of  thirty  minutes. 
The  order  was  obeyed.  The  line  was  formed  near  the 
meeting-house. 

31 


358  MILITARY  HISTORY. 

The  major  soon  commanded  the  regiment  to  take 
the  position  of  "  open  order."  This  brought  the  officers 
about  six  paces  in  front.  The  infantry  were  impa- 
tient and  uneasy.  The  major  came  to  the  captain, 
^nd  asked  him  if  he  did  not  mean  to  obey  orders. 
"  Certainly  I  do,"  said  Capt.  Robbins.  "  Then  keep 
your  company  in  order,"  was  the  reply.  The  cap- 
tain spoke  to  his  men ;  but,  as  soon  as  his  back  was 
turned,  they  again  showed  a  spirit  of  restlessness.  The 
major  renewed  his  rebuke.  The  captain  told  the  ma- 
jor it  was  "  wrong  for  an  officer  to  come  there  with 
his  head  under  an  umbrella,  like  a  partridge  with  her 
head  under  a  leaf,  and  keep  the  soldiers  exposed  to 
the  cold  storm." 

The  officers  were  ordered  to  form  the  line  about 
twelve  o'clock.  They  waited  some  time.  The  colo- 
nel did  not  make  his  appearance.  John  Chapman 
Robbins  came  forward,  and  announced  to  the  com- 
panies that  the  colonel  was  dead,  and  that  they  had 
just  buried  him  under  arms.  There  was  no  colonel. 
He  begged  them  to  be  as  patient  as  possible ;  for  Mr. 
Penty  Walcott  had  gone  with  his  ox-team  to  the 
cedar-swamp, —  some  twenty  miles  distant, — to  get  a 
colonel,  and  he  would  be  along  with  one  shortly. 

Colonel  Rawson  appeared  as  soon  as  notified  that 
the  line  was  formed,  and  assumed  the  command. 
They  began  the  march  in  battaUons  toward  the  muster- 
field.  The  first  battalion  advanced  with  regularity. 
Capt.  Robbins's  company,  being  on  the  right  of  the 
second  battalion,  was,  of  course,  at  the  head  of  it 
as  they  marched,  and  was  immediately  preceded  by 
the  major  of  the  battalion,  who  was  a  Waldonian. 
This  battalion  kept  losing  ground,  and  the  major 
was  constantly  requesting  Captain  Robbins  to  order 
the  company  to  lengthen  step.  The  captain  was 
ready  to  make  excuses.  It  was  "  clayey  and  slippery 
and  uphill,"  &c.  The  first  battaUon  was  several  rods 
in  advance.  The  major  was  repeating  his  orders  to 
lengthen  step,  and  the  captain  repeating  his  reasons 
for  not  moving  faster.     At  last,  the  infantry-captain 


MUSIC   ON  THE  FIELD.  359 

said,  "  You  go  along,  major !  We  will  fetch  up,  by  and 
by."  In  this  spirit  the  Unionites  went  on  to  the 
ground. 

It  may  be  proper  to  make  a  distinction  between 
what  passed  before  the  men  were  formed  into  regi- 
mental line,  and  what  transpired  afterward.  In  the 
former  case,  they  did  not  consider  themselves  under 
the  colonel's  orders ;  in  the  latter  case,  they  were.  The 
rifle  was  an  independent  company.  Probably  there 
was  not  in  the  State  one  company  superior  to  it.  The 
men  prided  themselves  on  their  excellent  discipline 
and  military  appearance.  For  the  present  occasion 
they  had  procured  the  best  music  which  could  be 
obtained.  One  of  the  Warren  men  procured  a  fife, 
and  took  his  station  outside  the  muster-field,  near  the 
gate.  When  the  colonel  was  marching  through  the 
gate,  he  played  the  "  Rogue's  March."  The  colonel, 
after  arriving  on  the  field,  received  the  ordinary  salute. 
The  musicians  of  the  rifle-company  had  halted.  They, 
too,  immediately  struck  up  the  "  Rogue's  March."  Of 
course,  it  was  played  mth  great  spirit  and  effect.  This 
was  done  without  orders  from  the  captain.  The  colo- 
nel immediately  sent  orders  to  stop  playing  that  tune. 
It  was  stopped,  and  the  officer  withdrew.  Afterwards 
the  musicians  would  occasionally  play  a  few  notes  of 
it.  Orders  then  came  from  the  colonel  for  the  music 
of  the  rifle-company  to  repair  to  the  right  of  the  regi- 
ment. Capt.  Bachelder  said,  that  his  music  —  consist- 
ing of  bugle,  clarionets,  C  fifes,  &c.,  and  differing  from 
that  of  the  regiment  —  would  be  of  no  use  there,  and 
endeavored  to  plead  off.  Then  came  positive  orders 
for  the  musicians.  The  captain  told  the  officer  that  he 
could  not  be  accommodated.  He  refused  to  let  them 
go,  as  his  was  an  independent  company,  and  asserted 
that  the  colonel  had  no  authority  to  detach  the  music 
from  the  company.  Various  orders  were  given  by 
the  sergeant-major;  but  the  sergeants  were  very  igno- 
rant :  they  could  not  possibly  comprehend  the  orders. 
Though  one  of  the  Union  orderly-sergeants  had  served 
four  months  in  the  war  of  1812,  they  pretended  not  to 


860  MILITARY  HISTORY. 

understand  the  sergeant-major.  They  were  continually 
making  mistakes.  In  wheeling,  the  men  would  scat- 
ter. When  in  line,  some  would  fall  in  the  rear,  and 
others  advance.  In  "  ordering  arms,"  some  guns  would 
be  put  on  the  ground,  and  others  raised.  In  "  carrying 
arms,"  they  were  in  all  positions,  from  the  erect  to  the 
horizontal.  When  the  sergeant-major  commanded  a 
captain  to  keep  his  men  in  order,  the  men  would  obey 
the  captain;  but,  in  a  few  minutes,  disorder  would 
again  reign  triumphant.  Immediately  before  inspec- 
tion, the  colonel  urged  upon  the  troops  the  importance 
of  military  deportment.  He  particularly  charged  them 
not  to  look  round  when  the  inspectors  were  in  the 
rear.  Accordingly,  when  the  inspectors  were  passing 
behind,  several  of  the  men  clubbed  their  muskets  and 
faced  right  about. 

Three  or  four  Unionites  who  were  not  required  to 
do  military  duty,  among  whom  were  Ex-Capt.  Rice 
and  Dr.  Harding,  came  to  different  places  along  the 
rear  of  the  line,  and  entered  into  familiar  conversation 
with  the  members  of  the  Union  companies.  The 
time  approached  for  firing.  At  the  order  "  Make 
ready,"  one  of  these  men  shouted  "  Fire."  All  in  his 
vicinity  "fired.  At  the  words  "  Take  aim,"  the  word 
"  Fire  "  was  again  given  in  another  quarter,  and  there 
was  another  discharge  of  fire-arms.  Before  the  com- 
mand "  Fire  "  was  officially  given,  nearly  all  the  mus- 
kets were  discharged.  The  commanding  officer  then 
rode  down  and  administered  reproof.  The  men  re- 
plied that  they  distinctly  heard  the  word  "  Fire,"  and 
obeyed  it ;  and  as  he  was  so  far  off,  on  the  right,  they 
had  probably  confounded  his  order  with  that  of  some 
other  officer ;  but  they  certainly  heard  the  word  "  Fire," 
and  they  obeyed  the  order  as  they  heard  it.  This 
manoeuvre  was  repeated.  Then  followed  a  loud  hur- 
rah. There  could  be  no  longer  any  military  precision. 
Each  man  loaded  and  fired  as  often  as  he  pleased. 
There  was  an  incessant,  irregular,  scattering  fire 
along  the  line.  Shortly  the  officers  ceased  to  give 
orders ;  and,  if  they  had  not,  the  orders  would  have 


COL.  AVERY   RAWSON.  361 

been  unheeded.  The  colonel,  during  the  day,  did  not 
venture  to  ride  in  front  of  the  regiment.  The  Union 
troops  stole  off  in  the  rear,  two  or  three  together  ;  and, 
before  the  time  for  dismission  came,  every  member  of 
the  infantry,  except  the  captain  and  one  private,  was 
gone.  The  regiment  at  last  left  in  confusion.  The 
soldiers  and  spectators  swung  their  hats,  and  sent  up 
loud  shouts  and  hurrahs ;  and  thus,  amid  uproar,  storm, 
and  drenching  rain,  ended  the  day. 


CHAPTER    XLL 

MILITARY  HISTORY. 

QContinued.^ 

Col.  Avery  Rawson  :  Charges  against  him  stopped.  —  Charges  against 
Officers  in  Union.  —  Trial  of  Lieut.-CoL  John  Bachelder.  —  Trial 
of  Capt.  Lewis  Bachelder. 

Avery  Rawson  w^as  commissioned  major,  Aug.  13, 
1822 ;  and  colonel,  Feb.  25, 1824.  His  death,  Feb.  22, 
1827,  it  is  said,  was  hastened  by  his  military  troubles. 
He  was  highly  esteemed  by  his  townsmen ;  and  it  is 
not  known  that  the  people  in  Union  entertained 
towards  him,  personally,  any  unfriendliness,  except 
what  originated  in  his. military  relations  to  them.  It 
is  supposed  that  he  was  considerably  influenced  by 
his  predecessors  in  office.  When  the  storm  came,  he 
had  to  bear  not  only  the  consequences  of  his  impru- 
dence, but  also  the  ill-will  which  had  been  increasing 
against  the  Waldoborough  officers,  till  the  inhabitants 
of  Union  were  wrought  up  to  such  a  pitch  that  they 
were  determined  not  to  serve  under  one  of  them. 

It  is  stated  by  some,  that,  notwithstanding  what 
passed  on  the  muster-field,  Sept.  8,  1824,  the  colonel 
was  willing  to  let  the  whole  affair  subside.  Capt.  Bach- 
elder says,  that,  after  the  parade  was  over,  the  colonel 

31* 


362  MILITARY  HISTORY. 

expressed  satisfaction  with  his  movements  through  the 
day,  and  invited  him  to  call  at  his  house  and  take 
refreshments ;  but  it  was  declined.  The  Union  officers, 
however,  very  soon  preferred  charges  against  the 
colonel  for  unmilitary  conduct,  for  threats,  and  for 
oppression  in  ordering  the  Union  companies  to  mus- 
ter at  a  remote  part  of  the  regiment.  These  charges 
were  passed  up ;  and  it  was  suspected  that  they  were 
suppressed  by  the  brigadier-general.  Without  hearing 
from  them,  the  Union  officers  had  charges  brought  in 
turn  against  themselves. 

The  ffi-st  officer  to  be  noticed  is  Lieut.- Col.  John 
Bachelder.  From  the  date  of  the  charges  against 
him,  it  is  probable  that  they  were  made  previous  to 
those  by  the  Union  officers  against  Col.  Rawson. 
Before  his  election,  March  3,  1823,  he  had  repeatedly 
made  application  to  be  discharged  from  his  captaincy, 
on  the  ground  of  ill  health.  At  his  election  as  lieu- 
tenant-colonel, he  pleaded  off  on  the  same  ground,  and 
said  he  would  not  serve  if  there  was  any  other  one  to 
take  the  commission.  As  the  Union  officers  were 
able  to  secure  a  field-officer,  in  consequence  of  the 
absence  of  several  of  the  Waldonians,  he  was  elected ; 
but  it  was  with  the  determination,  on  his  part,  not  to 
serve  on  the  field  under  Rawson,  nor  to  be  at  the 
expense  and  trouble  of  providing  himself  with  dress 
and  equipments.  It  was  probably  with  a  view  to  put 
him  to  the  test,  that  the  colonel,  about  one  year  after, 
ordered  him  to  Friendship,  wheji  the  mud  was  so  deep 
that  the  roads  were  almost  impassable,  to  preside  at  an 
election.  He  had  an  interview  with  the  colonel,  rep- 
resented the  impropriety  of  sending  him  to  a  remote 
part  of  the  regiment  in  such  travelling,  when  the  Wal- 
doborough  and  other  officers  were  nearer,  and  urged, 
moreover,  the  state  of  his  health.  The  colonel  was 
immovable.    The  lieutenant-colonel  obeyed  the  orders. 

Though  one  of  the  specifications  against  Col. 
Bachelder  had  been  of  long  standing,  it  was  not  till 
Sept.  24,  1824,  about  a  fortnight  after  the  muster,  that 
the  colonel,  Avery  Rawson,  made  complaint  of  him  to 


LIEUT.-COL.  BACHELDER.  363 

Albion  K.  Parris,  governor  and  commander-in-chief,  for 
unmilitary  conduct,  neglect  of  duty,  and  disobedience 
of  orders.  The  specifications  were,  that  he  unnecessa- 
rily, and  without  justifiable  cause,  disobeyed  a  regi- 
mental order  to  attend  the  parade  at  Waldoborough, 
Sept.  10,  1823,  and  another  to  attend  parade,  Sept.  8, 
1824 ;  and  further  that  from  March  3,  1823,  to  Sept. 
24,  1824,  he  had  neglected  to  provide  himself  with 
the  dress,  arms,  and  equipments  required  by  law  and 
the  orders  of  his  superior  officers.  Lieut.- Col.  Bach- 
elder  was  immediately  put  under  arrest.  A  court- 
martial  was  held  at  Waldoborough,  March  8,  1825. 
Maj.-Gen.  John  McDonald  was  president.  The  plea 
of  ill  health  was  put  in  for  non-attendance  at  both 
the  parades,  with  the  additional  plea  of  inclemency 
of  weather  for  not  attending  the  latter.  As  Lieut.- 
Col.  Bachelder  had  never  appeared  in  his  capacity  as 
lieutenant-colonel  on  the  field,  there  was  no  violation 
of  any  order  as  to  dress  and  equipments.  He  was 
acquitted  on  every  charge,  and  released  from  arrest  by 
orders  from  the  commander-in-chief,  signed  by  Daniel 
Cony, adjutant-general,  and  dated  Head  Quarters,  Port- 
land, March  26,  1825. 

As  Col.  Bachelder  belonged  to  Union,  the  proceed- 
ings did  nothing  towards  allaying  the  hostile  feelings 
between  the  two  military  parties.  He  had  been  put 
under  arrest  some  months  before  any  thing  was  brought 
against  the  other  Union  officers  in  relation  to  the 
muster ;  but,  before  his  trial  came  on,  charges  were 
brought  against  his  brother  Capt.  Lewis  Bachelder, 
and  against  Capt.  John  P.  Robbins.  Thus  the  excite- 
ment was  continually  increasing.  All  the  people  in 
town  were  becoming  united  as  one  man.  It  seemed 
as  if  they  were  ready  to  do  and  dare  any  thing. 
What  would  have  been  applauded  as  a  proper  mili- 
tary spirit,  on  going  to  a  field  of  battle,  was  beginning 
to  show  itself  in  a  manner  very  far  from  agreeable  to 
the  field-officers. 

The  time  for  the  trials  of  Capts.  Bachelder  and  Rob- 
bins  approached.     The  results,  though  not  foreseen, 


864  MILITARY  HISTORY. 

have  probably  produced  a  greater  effect  on  the  State, 
in  a  military  point  of  view,  than  any  thing  else  which 
has  ever  occurred. 

TRIAL  OF  CAPT.  BACHELDER. 

Officers  for  the  court-martial  appeared  at  the  house 
of  Rufus  Gillmor,  June  21,  1825 ;  but  it  was  deemed 
advisable  for  convenience,  and  on  account  of  the  crowd, 
to  adjourn  to  the  Old  Meeting-house.  There  the  trial 
was  held.  After  ineffectual  attempts  to  proceed  on 
the  21st  and  22d  of  June,  "  there  not  appearing  the 
number  of  members  required  by  law,  and  no  super- 
numerary member  being  present,  the  court  decided  to 
adjourn  "  till  Aug.  16. 

At  the  adjourned  meeting,  Aug.  16,  the  court  con- 
sisted of  "  the  president.  Col.  Alexander  Drummond, 
jun. ;  members,  Lieut-Col.  George  Jewett,  Major  Al- 
fred I.  S.  I.  G.  Lithgow,  Capt.  James  Ayer,  jun., 
Capt.  Kufus  Campbell;  supernumeraries,  Capt.  Wil- 
liam D.  Gould,  Capt.  Hugh  Patten ;  marshal,  Lieut. 
John  G.  Brown;  judge-advocate,  Major  Joseph  Sew- 
all." 

Hon.  John  Ruggles,  of  Thomaston,  counsel  for  the 
respondent,  raised  objections  "  to  the  sitting  of  Major 
Lithgow  as  a  member  of  the  court ; "  but  they  were 
overruled.  He  also  maintained  that  the  present  court 
consisted,  in  part,  of  different  officers  from  the  one 
convened  June  25 ;  that  they  were  illegally  detailed, 
and  that  it  was  not  the  same  court-martial  before 
which  he  was  ordered  and  ready  to  be  tried ;  and  that 
he  could  not  be  holden  to  answer  to  this.  This  objec- 
tion was  also  overruled.     The  charges  were  then  read. 

"To   Dwelly  Turner,   Esq.,  Major-General  of  the  Fourth 
Division  of  the  Militia  of  the  State  of  Maine. 

"  Avery  Rawson,  colonel  of  the  third  regiment  in  the 
second  brigade  of  said  division,  complains  against  Capt. 
Lewis  Bachelder  of  said  regiment  for  disobedience  of  orders, 
for  unmilitary  and  unofiicer-like  conduct  in  the  following 
particulars,  to  wit :  — 

'*!.  That  the  said  Capt.  Lewis  Bachelder,  having  been 


CAPT.  LEWIS   BACHELDER.  365 

duly  ordered  by  said  colonel  to  parade  the  company  under 
his  command  at  Waldoborough,  on  the  eighth  day  of  Sep- 
tember, A.D.  1824,  for  review  and  inspection  of  arms,  then 
and  there,  marched  his  said  company  past  the  quarters  of 
said  colonel,  with  reversed  arms,  and  the  music  thereof  play- 
ing a  funeral  dirge,  with  intent  to  insult  said  colonel  and 
other  field-officers  then  present. 

"2.  That  the  said  Capt.  Bachelder,  then  and  there  being 
in  regimental  line  with  his  said  company  in  obedience  to 
the  regimental  order  for  the  purpose  of  review  and  inspec- 
tion of  arms,  refused  to  send  the  music  belonging  to  his 
company  to  the  head  of  the  column,  when  ordered  by  the 
colonel  of  the  regiment  so  to  do. 

"  3.  That  the  said  Capt.  Bachelder,  ....  being  ordered  by 
said  colonel,  through  the  adjutant  of  said  regiment,  to  detach 
from  his  said  company  a  rear-guard  of  one  section  to  cover 
the  rear  of  said  regiment  while  making  in  column  from  the 
place  of  formation  of  the  regiment  to  the  place  of  review  and 
inspection,  refused  to  obey  said  order,  and  neglected  and 
refused  to  detail  a  guard  accordingly. 

"  4.  That  the  said  Capt.  Bachelder  ....  permitted  his  mu- 
sicians to  play  the  Rogue's  March  while  the  colonel  and 
other  field-officers  of  said  regiment  were  about  entering  the 
field,  with  intent  to  insult  and  abuse  said  colonel  and  other 
field-officers. 

"  5.  That  the  said  Capt.  Bachelder  ....  permitted  his  mu- 
sicians to  play  the  Rogue's  March  while  the  Waldoborough 
Light  Infantry  Company,  commanded  by  Capt.  Ralph  Cole, 
were  passing,  with  intent  to  insult  said  company  and  its 
officers. 

"  6.  That  the  said  Capt.  Bachelder,  well  knowing  the  dis- 
orderly and  unmilitary  conduct  of  his  musicians  belonging  to 
his  said  company,  mentioned  in  the  preceding  specifications 
of  charge,  did  not  cause  reprimand  or  impose  fines  upon 
them  therefor;  thereby  justifying  and  encouraging  disobe- 
dience of  orders,  disorderly  behavior,  and  unmilitary  conduct. 

"  Wherefore  your  complainant  requests,  that  said  Capt. 
Bachelder  may  be  held  to  answer  to  the  foregoing  charges, 
and  be  further  dealt  with  relative  to  the  same,  as  law,  justice, 
and  military  usages,  may  direct. 

,,  .  ^  i  Col.  of  the  3d  Reg., 

"AyekyRawson,!    2d  Brig.,  4th  Div. 

"Waldoborough,  March  1,  1825." 


366  MILITARY  HISTORY. 

The  trial  proceeded  ;  Capt.  Bachelder  pleaded  not  guilty  ; 
witnesses  were  examined.  The  record  of  the  proceedings  of 
each  session  of  the  court  was  read  at  the  opening  of  the  next 
adjourned  meeting.  The  defence  of  the  respondent  by  his 
counsel  was  heard,  and  "the  judge-advocate  then  stated  to 
the  court  the  evidence  both  for  and  against  the  accused. 
The  doors  were  then  closed;  and  the  judge-advocate  then 
put  to  the  members  of  the  court  the  following  question, 
beginning  with  the  youngest  in  grade  :  '  From  the  evidence 
that  has  been  adduced  both  for  and  against  Capt.  Lewis 
Bachelder,  and  from  what  has  been  urged  in  his  defence, 
are  you  of  opinion  that  he  is  guilty  or  not  guilty  of  the  first 
specification  of  charge  contained  in  the  complaint  of  Col. 
Avery  Rawson  against  him  as  aforesaid  1 '  Upon  which  the 
court  decided,  that,  of  said  first  specification  of  charge,  the 
said  Capt.  Lewis  Bachelder  is  guilty.  The  question  being 
put  in  the  same  form  as  relating  to  "  [each  of  the  other  specifi- 
cations, the  court  decided  him  to  be  guilty  also  on  the  second, 
third,  and  sixth,  but  not  on  the  fourth  and  fifth].  "  The 
court  then  took  into  consideration  the  several  ofi'ences  of 
which  it  had  adjudged  the  said  Capt.  Lewis  Bachelder  to  be 
guilty,  and,  after  deliberation  thereon,  sentenced  the  said 
Capt.  Lewis  Bachelder  to  be  removed  from  office,  and  did 
adjudge  him  to  be  disqualified  for  and  incapable  of  holding 
any  military  office  under  the  State  for  the  term  of  three 
months." 


CHAP  TEE    XLIL 

MILITARY  HISTORY. 

{Continued.') 

Trial  of  Capt.  John  P.  Robbins.  —  Objections  and  Protest.  —  Charges 
and  Specifications.  —  Result. 

The  court  for  the  trial  of  Capt.  John  P.  Robbins  was 
organized  Aug.  17,  1825.  The  judge-advocate,  as  in 
the  case  of  Capt.  Bachelder,  then  administered  to  each 
of  the  members  singly,  and  to  the  marshal,  and  to  the 


CAPT.  JOHN   P.  ROBBINS.  367 

supernumeraries,  and  then  the  president  administered 
to  the  judge-advocate,  the  oath  required  by  the  "  Act 
to  organize,  govern,  and  discipline  the  militia  of  the 
State  of  Maine."  The  court  was  opened  in  due  form 
by  the  marshal.  Capt.  Robbins  gave  reasons  for 
challenging  Capt.  James  Ayer  and  for  objecting  to 
Major  Lithgow,  and  moreover  denied,  as  Capt.  Ba- 
chelder  had  done,  the  authority  of  the  court.  These 
points  were  overruled.  The  charges  were  then  ad- 
duced as  follows :  — 

"To  Dwelly  Turner,  Esq.,  Major-General  of  the  Fourth 
Division  of  the  Militia  of  the  State  of  Maine. 
.  "  Avery  Rawson  ....  complains  against  Capt.  John  P. 
Robbins  ....  for  disobedience  of  orders,  for  unmilitary  and 
unofficer-like  conduct,  and  for  exciting,  encouraging,  and  per- 
mitting, in  the  company  under  his  command,  mutiny,  disorder, 
and  insubordination  in  the  following  particulars,  to  wit :  — 

"1.  That  said  Capt.  John  P.  Robbins,  having  been  duly 
ordered  by  said  colonel  to  parade  the  company  under  his 
command  at  Waldoborough,  on  the  eighth  day  of  September, 
A.D.  1824,  for  review  and  inspection  of  arms,  then  and 
there  marched  his  said  company  past  the  quarters  of  said 
colonel,  with  reversed  arms,  and  the  music  thereof  playing  a 
funeral  dirge,  with  the  intent  to  insult  said  colonel  and  other 
field-officers  there  present. 

"2.  That  the  said  captain  ....  then  and  there,  being  in 
regimental  line  with  his  said  company  in  obedience  to  a 
regimental  order  for  the  purpose  of  review  and  inspection  of 
arms,  neglected  and  refused  to  call  his  company  to  order  and 
attention,  when  required  so  to  do  by  the  adjutant  of  said 
regiment  at  the  command  of  said  colonel. 

"3.  That  the  said  captain,  ....  under  the  command  of 
Major  Cole,  acting  as  lieutenant-colonel  in  the  absence 
of  Lieut. -Col.  Bachelder,  disobeyed  the  orders  of  said  Major 
Cole,  then  and  there  commanding  said  regiment,  and  be- 
haved in  an  insulting,  disrespectful,  and  disorderly  manner 
to  his  said  commanding  officer,  and  then  and  there  per- 
mitted and  encouraged  his  said  company  to  behave  in  an 
indecorous  and  contemptuous  manner  toward  said  Major 
Cole,  and  then  and  there  permitted  his  said  company  to 
club  their  arms,  with  intent  to  insult  and  abuse  the  said 
Major  Cole  and  other  his  superior  officers. 


368  MILITARY   HISTORY. 

"4.  That  the  said  captain,  ....  while  marching  from 
the  place  of  parade  to  the  place  of  review  and  inspection, 
marched  his  company  in  a  disorderly  and  irregular  manner, 
in  disobedience  of  the  orders  of  said  colonel  and  in  violation 
of  the  rules  of  discipline. 

"5.  That  the  said  captain  ....  permitted  his  men  to 
fire  or  discharge  their  muskets  without  orders  from  his 
superior  officers,  to  conduct  in  an  unsoldier-like  and  dis- 
orderly manner,  and  to  leave  their  ranks  and  to  retire  from 
duty  without  the  consent  of  the  said  colonel  or  of  the  officer 
commanding  the  battalion  in  which  they  were  formed. 

"  6.  That  the  said  captain  ....  withdrew  and  discharged 
his  musicians  from  the  command  of  the  fife-major  and  drum- 
major,  under  whose  order  they  had  been  placed  by  said 
colonel,  without  the  consent  of  said  colonel. 

"7.  That  the  said  captain,  ....  Avhile  in  regiment  with 
his  said  company,  treated  his  superior  officers  with  insolence 
and  contempt,  and  uttered  abusive  and  insulting  language 
to  said  colonel  and  others  his  superior  officers,  while  on 
parade  and  under  command. 

"8.  That  the  said  captain,  ....  well  knowing  the  dis- 
orderly and  unmilitary  conduct  of  the  men  composing  his 
said  company,  mentioned  in  the  preceding  specifications  of 
charge,  did  not  censure,  reprimand,  or  impose  fines  upon 
them  therefor ;  thereby  justifying  and  encouraging  disobe- 
dience of  orders,  disorderly  behavior,  and  unmilitary  conduct. 

"9.  That  the  said  captain,  ....  from  the  first  day  of 
January,  in  the  year  of  our  Lord  1824,  to  the  first  day 
of  March,  in  the  year  of  our  Lord  1825,  has  neglected  to  ap- 
point non-commisioned  officers  in  his  said  company  ;  though, 
during  all  said  time,  his  said  company  has  been,  and  still  is, 
destitute  of  non-commissioned  officers. 

"  10.  That  the  said  captain,  ....  on  said  eighth  day  of 
September,  A.D.  1824,  at  said  Waldoborough,  having  been 
duly  ordered  by  regimental  orders  of  Aug.  2,  A.D.  1824,  to 
appear  then  and  there  with  the  company  under  his  com- 
mand for  review  and  inspection  of  arms,  did,  previous  to 
and  during  said  parade,  endeavor  to  excite  and  encourage 
in  the  company  under  his  command,  and  in  other  officers 
and  soldiers  of  said  regiment,  and  did  participate  and  join 
in  a  spirit  of  mutiny,  insubordination,  and  disrespect  against 
said  colonel  and  other  officers  then  in  lawful  command  of 
and  in  said  regiment. 


CAPT.    JOHN   P.   ROBBINS.  369 

"  All  which  is  utterly  subversive  of  the  good  order,  de- 
structive of  the  discipline,  and  repugnant  to  the  subordi- 
nation, which  ought  to  distinguish  the  militia,  and  without 
which  it  can  be  neither  a  defence  nor  an  honor  to  the 
State. 

"Wherefore  your  complainant  requests,  that  the  said 
Capt.  John  P.  Robbins  may  be  held  to  answer  to  the  fore- 
going charges,  and  be  further  dealt  with  relative  to  the  same, 
as  law,  justice,  and  military  usages,  require. 

,,  .  -r»  f  Colonel  of  3d  Reff. 

Ateby  Rawson,  I  2d  Brig.,  4th  Div.^ 

"  Waldoborough,  March  1,  1825." 

After  evidence  in  support  of  the  complainant  and  of 
the  respondent,  the  respondent  moved  the  court  for 
leave  to  prove  "that  the  complainant  in  this  case 
conducted,  prior  to  .the  day  of  muster,  in  such  an 
unbecoming  and  oppressive  manner  toward  the  sol- 
diers under  the  command  of  the  said  J.  P.  Robbins  as 
to  excite  in  them,  or  some  of  them,  a  spirit  of  insub- 
ordination, which  may  possibly,  in  two  or  three  in- 
stances, have  manifested  itself,  and  altogether  without 
the  approbation,  consent,  or  previous  knowledge  of  the 
said  Robbins,  against  his  will,  and  not  by  him  to  be 
foreseen  or  prevented."  "  The  court  directed  that  the 
evidence  offered  therein  is  improper  and  irrelevant." 
The  evidence  being  all  in,  the  respondent  was  heard 
in  his  defence  by  his  counsel,  John  Ruggles,  Esq. 
ALfter  a  statement  of  the  evidence  by  the  judge-advo- 
cate, the  court  ordered  the  house  to  be  cleared  of 
spectators,  and  the  respondent  was  found  guilty  of 
specifications  1,  2,  5,  7,  8 ;  but  not  guilty  of  the  others. 
He  was  sentenced  to  be  removed  from  office,  and 
adjudged  "  to  be  disqualified  for,  and  incapable  of, 
holding  any  military  office  under  the  State  for  the 
term  of  one  year." 

Thus  terminated  the  trials  by  court-martial ;  that  of 
the  lieutenant-colonel  having  cost  the  State  $431.96, 
and  that  of  the  captains  $409.47. 


32 


370  MILITARY  HISTORY. 


CHAPTEK    XLIIT. 

MILITARY  HISTORY. 

{Contimied,) 

Evasion  of  the  Laws.' —  John  Chapman  Robbins  becomes  Clerk. —  Loss 
of  the  Company  Roll.  —  Muster  near  Trowbridge's,  in  Warren.  — 
Lieut.  Ebenezer  Cobb.  —  "A  good  time."  —  Horsemen  ride  about 
the  Muster-field.  —  Robbins  gives  Orders.  —  Unsuccessful  Attempts 
to  arrest  him.  —  Notes  for  Fines  burnt  as  Wadding. 

From  this  time  the  Unionites  evaded  or  set  at  defiance 
every  military  order  which  was  sent  to  them.  The 
Legislature  either  could  not  pass  or  could  not  enforce 
any  Act  which  would  bring  them  into  subjection.  In 
the  infantry  no  man  could  be  found  to  serve  as  clerk. 
Probably  with  the  understanding  that  it  would  not  be 
taken,  a  public  offer  of  the  clerkship  was  made ;  but 
nobody  came  forward  to  accept  it.  After  a  while,  it 
was  taken  by  John  Chapman  Robbins,  who  was 
exempted  by  law  from  doing  military  duty.  At  the 
training,  a  few  days  before  the  annual  parade  in  1825, 
the  question  was  agitated  whether  there  should  be  a 
baggage-wagon  for  the  muster.  Robbins,  the  new 
clerk,  discouraged  it ;  said  there  was  "  no  necessity  for 
it ;  let  every  man  carry  his  own  baggage,  and  he  will 
fare  better."  The  question  was  put,  and  decided  in 
the  negative.  After  the  companies  were  dismissed,  it 
was  whispered  about  that  the  roll  probably  would  not 
be  called,  and  that  it  would  be  well  for  all  to  go  on 
horseback  without  equipments,  and  "  have  a  good 
time."  On  the  day  before  the  muster,  Robbins's  com- 
pany-roll was  missing.  He  could  not  possibly  account 
for  its  loss,  unless  his  children  had  got  it  and  dropped 
it  into  the  well.  It  was  exceedingly  unfortunate ; 
muster  the  next  day ;  no  list  of  the  company ;  and  no 
means  to  collect  any  fines  for  absences.  Accordingly, 
on  muster-day  there  was  no  roll  to  be  called.     Robbins, 


MUSTER   IN  .WARREN.  371 

more  than  twenty  years  afterward,  said  that,  on  his 
way  home  from  the  training,  he  hid  the  roll  in  a  king- 
fisher's nest  in  the  bank  by  the  Old  Burying  Ground. 

The  rifle-company's  officers  met  on  the  field ;  and, 
as  the  captain  was  removed  from  office,  the  command 
devolved  on  Lieut.  Cobb.  Ward  Maxcy  called  the 
roll  of  the  company ;  but  not  one  private  was  there  to 
answer  to  his  name.  Lieut.  Cobb  sent  word  to  the 
field-officers,  that  he  was  ready  for  duty;  and,  if  they 
had  none  for  him,  he  wished  to  be  discharged  for  the 
day.  He  was  requested  by  them  to  ride  as  major; 
but  "  the  exercises  were  so  different  from  what  he  was 
accustomed  to,  that  he  declined;"  and  he  was  accord- 
ingly released. 

Almost  every  person  who  could  get  a  horse  went 
to  the  muster-field  on  horseback,  as  had  been  sug- 
gested. Perhaps  the  number  from  Union  was  one 
hundred  or  one  hundred  and  fifty;  John  Chapman 
R-obbins  procuring  the  fleetest  horse  he  could  hire. 
The  field-officers,  when  they  saw  them,  anticipated 
mischief,  and  ordered  the  guard  not  to  let  them  pass. 
Accordingly,  they  were  vigorously  opposed ;  but,  while 
the  sentries  were  keeping  out  two  or  three  at  one 
point,  the  whole  troop  rushed  in  at  another,  following 
Hudson  of  Union,  who  played  the  Kent  bugle,  and 
thus  became  a  leader.  Among  the  most  active  was 
Robbins.  The  horsemen  rode  wherever  they  chose, 
within  the  guard  or  without  it.  At  a  signal,  all  would 
start  off  and  gallop  round  the  regiment.  Then  they 
would  stop,  and  parade  in  front  of  it.  The  Kent 
bugle  gave  signals ;  and  this  and  the  clarionet,  both 
carried  by  Hudson,  w^ere  played  alternately,  according 
to  circumstances. 

In  due  time  came  the  colonel  to  assume  the  com- 
mand. Robbins,  on  his  fleet  horse,  rides  up  near  to 
him,  and  shouts  "  Shoulder  arms."  The  words  are 
uttered  with  a  stentorian  voice,  and  are  distinctly 
heard  along  the  whole  line.  The  order  is  instantly 
obeyed  by  the  whole  regiment.  An  officer  is  imme- 
diately despatched   to   arrest  Robbins,  and  put  him 


37^  MILITARY  HISTORY. 

under  guard ;  but  his  horse  is  too  fleet  to  be  overtaken, 
and  the  officer,  after  an  unsuccessful  chase,  returns. 
Robbins  also  returns.  The  commanding  officer  is 
about  giving  the  order,  "  Attention  the  regiment," 
when  Robbins,  interrupting  him,  shouts  "  Attention 
all  creation."  The  officer  is  again  ordered  "  to  arrest 
that  fellow,  and  put  him  under  guard."  Robbins  is  a 
skilful  horseman.  The  ground  is  moist  and  muddy. 
He  suffers  the  officer  to  come  within  a  rod  or  two ; 
then  he  wheels  his  horse,  and  dashes  off  so  dexterously 
and  furiously,  that  the  face  and  vest  of  his  pursuer  are 
covered  with  the  mud  tossed  up  by  the  horse's  feet. 
Robbins  comes  and  gives  orders  a  third  time.  "  At- 
tention the  whole  world !  Wheel  by  kingdoms."  He 
is  again  pursued,  but  it  is  to  no  purpose :  his  horse  is 
the  fleetest  on  the  field. 

Robbins  calls  to  the  officers,  and  tells  them  he  will 
dine  with  them  that  day  in  their  marquee.  During  the 
hours  that  intervene,  he  mingles  wit  and  impudence 
and  drollery  in  such  proportions  and  comical  combina- 
tions, that  he  gets  them  in  good  humor ;  and,  at  the 
dinner-hour,  he  is  one  of  the  first  to  enter  the  marquee^ , 
where  he  dines  with  as  much  impunity  as  if  he  had 
not  done  any  thing  to  which  they  could  object.  Be- 
fore night,  he  succeeds  in  pulling  up,  one  by  one,  all 
the  sentry  flag-staffs,  and  rides  round  the  field  with 
them  under  his  arm.  Thus  ends  the  day.  From 
that  time  to  the  present,  the  Unionites  have  not 
taken  part  in  any  of  the  regular  musters.  The  mus- 
ter of  1824  was,  in  reality,  the  last  in  which  they  par- 
ticipated. 

After  the  affair  was  over.  Lieutenant  Cobb  warned 
the  rifle-company  to  meet,  and  answer  for  non-ap- 
pearance on  the  muster-field.  Their  answer  "went 
by  default."  Accordingly,  he  demanded  a  fine.  As 
the  company  had  no  immediate  use  for  money,  the 
clerk  was  ordered  to  take  notes.  What  became  of 
the  notes,  the  commander  never  was  officially  in- 
formed. The  fact,  however,  is  that,  at  a  voluntary 
training  some  time  afterward,  Ward  Maxcy  gave  back 


ELECTION  OF  OFFICERS.  373 

to  each  man  his  note ;  and  the  notes  were  all  used  as 
wadding,  and  burnt  in  the  vicinity  of  the  powder- 
house. 


CHAPTEE    XLIV. 

MILITARY    HISTORY. 

(^Continued.') 

Orders  to  elect  Officers.  —  Movements  to  re-elect  Capts.  Bachelder 
and  Robbins.  —  Nathan  Bachelder  chosen  Captain.  —  Pardon  Rob- 
bins  and  the  Cabbage.  —  Re-election  of  Capt.  Noah  Rice.  —  He  is 
cashiered.  —  Voluntary  Trainings  and  Muster.  —  Aroostook  War. 
—  Rifle  Company  disbanded.  —  Philo  Thurston.  —  Ebenezer 
Ward  Adams  chosen  Captain.  —  His  Trial  and  Imprisonment. 

Immediately  after  the  removal  of  the  captains,  and 
probably  a  few  days  after  the  parade  at  Trowbridge's 
in  1825,  orders  came  for  an  election  of  officers  to  fill 
their  places.  The  men  were  ready  to  re-elect  Capts. 
Bachelder  and  Robbins.  But  such  a  movement  was 
discouraged.  "  If  you  re-elect  me,"  said  Robbins, 
"  my  election  will  be  declared  null  and  void ;  and,  if 
but  one  vote  should  be  thrown  for  any  other  person 
than  myself,  he  would  be  declared  elected,  on  the 
ground  that  I  am  ineligible."  He  advised  them  to 
vote  for  an  officer  who  had  resigned  and  been  honora- 
bly discharged. 

There  had  been  but  two  captains  of  the  rifle-com- 
pany, viz.  John  Bachelder  and  Lewis  Bachelder.  The 
former  was  in  poor  health,  and  the  latter  was  in  the 
same  condition  as  the  captain  of  the  infantry.  Nathan 
Bachelder,  brother  of  the  two  preceding  of  the  same 
name,  was  elected  captain,  Sept.  24,  1825. 

The  officer  detailed  to  preside  on  this  occasion  was 
from  Waldoborough.  For  many  years  before  the 
military  difficulty,  there  had  been  good-natured  spar- 
ring between  the  two  towns ;  the  Waldonians  teasing 

32* 


374  MILITARY  HISTORY. 

the  Unionites  about  beans,  and  the  Unionites  in  turn 
teasing  them  about  sour  kraut.  On  this  occasion, 
Pardon  Robbins  dressed  himself  very  neatly,  and 
placed  on  his  head  a  paper-cap  having  a  peaked  top, 
from  which  rose  a  cockerel's  long  tail-feather.  He  was 
humpbacked,  and  in  his  ordinary  walk  naturally  swag- 
gered. Having  procured  a  large  neat  wash-bowl,  he 
placed  in  it  an  excellent  head  of  cabbage,  about  the  size 
of  a  peck-measure,  gashed  it  neatly  with  a  knife,  and 
sprinkled  salt  over  it.  Thus  prepared,  he  deUberately 
strutted  up  the  broad  aisle  of  the  Old  Meeting-house 
to  the  deacon's  seat,  where  the  officer  was  discharging 
his  duty  in  a  dignified  and  gentlemanly  manner,  and 
addressed  him  with  the  greatest  gravity  and  courtesy : 
"  As  you  must  be  somewhat  fatigued,  colonel,  and 
this  is  a  favorite  dish  among  the  Waldoborough  peo- 
ple, please  to  refresh  yourself,  while  the  men  are 
preparing  to  vote,  with  some  sour  kraut."  With  a 
gracious  bow,  he  placed  the  bowl  of  cabbage  on  the 
table  before  him,  and  retired.  It  was  an  act  too  gross, 
however,  not  to  elicit  general  condemnation,  excited 
even  as  the  Unionites  were. 

Probably  on  the  same  day  that  Nathan  Bachelder 
was  elected  captain  of  the  rifle-company, — for  the  com- 
missions bear  the  same  date,  —  Capt.  Noah  Rice  was 
re-elected  captain  of  the  infantry.  He  was  a  worthy 
farmer,  and  had  been  a  good  officer.  From  the  first, 
he  was  a  sturdy  opponent  of  the  Waldonians.  At 
the  muster  in  1824,  he  was  one  of  the  most  active  of 
the  three  or  four  men  who,  from  time  to  time,  gave 
hints  to  the  privates  of  the  Union  companies,  and 
raised  the  confusion  in  which  they  dispersed.  And 
so  elated  was  he,  that  in  the  enthusiasm  of  the  mo- 
ment, and  amid  the  uproar  and  shouts  that  rent  the 
skies,  he  huzzaed  and  swung  his  market-bag  around 
his  head  till  the  cheese  in  it  was  pommelled  to  pieces. 
After  his  re-election,  his  commission  was  sent  to  him. 
It  is  said  that  he  would  neither  be  qualified,  nor  call 
out  the  company ;  that  he  would  not  return  the  com- 
mission ;  and  that  it  could  not  be  got  away  from  him, 


CAPT.    NOAH   RICE.  375 

but  by  a  court-martial.      Accordingly  the   following 
notice  is  taken  of  him : — 

"  To  Samuel   E.   Smith,  Esq.,  Governor  and  Commander- 
in-Chief,  in  the  State  of  Maine. 

"  Charges  and  specifications  preferred  against  Noah  Rice, 
Captain  of  a  Company  of  Infantry,  in  the  3d  Regiment,  2d 
Brigade,  and  4th  Division,  by  George  Jewett,  division-advo- 
cate of  said  division,  on  the  complaint  of  Henry  Kennedy, 
colonel  and  commanding  ofiicer  of  said  regiment. 

"  Charge  I.  —  Neglect  of  duty. 

"  Specification.  The  said  Noah  Rice,  on  the  13th  day  of 
September,  A.D.  1831,  was  captain  as  aforesaid;  and,  being 
so  in  office,  it  was  his  duty,  on  the  Tuesday  following  the 
second  Monday  of  September  aforesaid,  it  being  the  13th 
day  of  said  month,  to  parade  his  said  company  at  some 
convenient  place,  within  the  limits  thereof,  at  one  of  the 
clock  in  the  afternoon,  for  inspection  and  drill.  Yet  the 
said  Noah  Rice,  regardless  of  his  duty  aforesaid,  neglected 
so  to  parade  his  company,  or  to  give  the  proper  orders  for 
said  purpose  ;  and,  in  consequence  thereof,  the  said  company 
lost  entirely  the  benefit  of  the  annual  inspection  and  drill 
contemplated  by  law. 

"  Charge  II.  —  Disobedience  of  orders. 

*'  Specification  1.  That  the  said  Noah  Rice,  .  .  .  having 
been  duly  ordered  ...  to  notify  and  summon  his  said  com- 
pany to  meet  at  Warren  ...  on  the  29th  day  of  September, 
A.D.  1831,  for  military  inspection  and  review,  ...  in  disobe- 
dience of  his  said  orders,  neglected  and  refused  to  notify 
and  summon  his  said  company,  or  to  give  the  proper  orders 
therefor  ;  whereby,  and  by  reason  of  said  Rice's  neglect  and 
disobedience  of  orders,  the  said  company  did  not  appear  at 
said  Warren  on  said  day  for  military  inspection  and  review. 

"  Specification  2.  That  the  regiment  .  .  .  paraded  ...  for 
review,  and  the  said  Rice  .  .  .  was  duly  ordered  ...  to  notify 
his  said  company  to  assemble  ...  on  said  day,  for  review ; 
but  the  said  Rice  neglected  and  refused  to  assemble  .  .  .  and 
to  appear  with  his  said  company. 

'*  Charge  III.  —  Unmilitary  conduct. 

"  Specification  1.  That  the  said  Noah  Rice,  from  the  date 
of  his  commission  as  captain  aforesaid  to  the  1st  day  of 
October,  A.D.  1831,  .  .  .  has   wholly  neglected  his  duty  as 


876  MILITARY  HISTORY. 

captain  aforesaid,  and   repeatedly  and   often  "neglected   to 
obey  the  proper  and  legal  orders  to  him  directed.  .  .  . 

*'  Specification  2.  That  the  said  Rice,  from  the  date  of 
his  commission  as  captain  of  said  company,  as  aforesaid, 
to  the  1st  day  of  October,  A.D.  1831,  .  .  .  has  frequently 
and  often  excited,  encouraged,  and  advised  other  officers 
belonging  to  said  regiment  to  disobey  and  not  perform  the 
express  orders  and  commands  of  their  superior  officers. 

*'  Specification  3.  That,  on  the  day  the  order  directing  the 
regimental  review  of  September,  1831,  was  served  upon 
said  Rice,  he  then  and  there  did  use  and  utter  insulting  and 
contemptuous  language  respecting  said  order  and  the  com- 
manding officer  of  said  regiment. 

"  Specification  4.  That  the  said  Rice  was  formerly  captain 
and  commanding  officer  of  the  same  company  whereof  he 
is  now  commanding  officer,  and  did  receive  his  discharge 
therefrom  some  years  since;  and  the  said  Rice  has  re- 
peatedly and  often  stated  that  he  accepted  the  commission 
as  captain  aforesaid  for  the  purpose  of  furnishing  him 
opportunities  of  insulting  the  officers  of  said  regiment,  and, 
by  his  disobedience  of  orders  and  total  neglect  of  duty  in 
his  said  office,  to  bring  contempt  and  ridicule  and  disgrace 
upon  the  officers  of. said  regiment. 

"  The  above  charges  and  specifications  are  respectfully 
submitted  for  your  consideration. 

*'  George  Jewett, 
"  Division- Advocate  of  the  4th  Division. 
"Jan.  24,  1832." 

The  court  held  at  Waldoborough,  June  12,  1832,  found 
him  guilty  of  every  charge  and  specification,  except  the  last 
three  specifications  of  the  last  charge.  They  sentenced  him 
to  be  removed  from  office,  and  adjudged  "the  said  Rice  to 
be  disqualified  for  and  incapable  of  holding  any  military 
office  under  this  State  for  life. 

"  John  C.  Humphreys,  President. 
"  John  A.  Dunning,  Member. 
"Waldoborough,  June  12,  1832. 

Attest :  George  Jewett,  Division- Advocate." 

Although,  after  the  difficulty  on  the  field  at  W^^' 
doborough  and  the  arrest  of  the  captains,  neither 
company  would   perform   military  duty  under  field- 


MILITARY   SPIRIT.  377 

officers,  there  were  voluntary  trainings  for  a  few  years. 
Once  they  met,  with  the  Hope  and  the  Appleton 
companies,  near  McLean's  Mills,  and  had  a  voluntary 
muster,  which  passed  off  with  great  order  and  decorum. 
A  love  for  military  affairs  still  continued.  When  the 
Aroostook  war,  in  relation  to  the  north-eastern  bound- 
ary, broke  out,  as  all  military  organization  had  gone 
down,  notice  for  drafts  was  served  on  the  selectmen. 
There  was  made  a  list  of  all  the  persons  in  town  who 
were  required  by  the  laws  of  the  State  to  do  military 
duty.  At  the  time  for  drafting,  the  Common  was 
thronged.  A  draft  of  all  the  men  required  was  made 
without  any  difficulty.  Before  this  was  done,  a  vo- 
luntary company  was  organized.  Nelson  Cutler,  Esq., 
was  chosen  captain ;  Lewis  Andrews,  lieutenant ;  and 
John  Adams,  ensign.  The  officers  never  applied  for 
nor  received  commissions.  The  company  was  several 
times  called  out  for  inspection  and  drill,  and  always 
readily  responded  to  the  call.  The  drill  was  kept  up 
till  after  the  arrival  of  the  news  of  peace,  and  then  the 
organization  was  allowed  to  subside.  The  drafts  from 
this  section  of  the  State  were  not  called  for;  but  the 
spirit  with  which  the  requisition  for  them  was  received, 
showed  the  manner  in  which  the  Unionites  were  in- 
clined to  act,  when  what  they  considered  the  honor  of 
their  country  was  involved,  and  its  territory  invaded. 

The  rifle-company  was  disbanded,  and  the  officers 
were  discharged,  July  2,  1831.  The  members  were 
ordered  to  be  enrolled  with  the  infantry.  Philo  Thur- 
ston had  been  chosen  ensign  of  the  infantry,  July  6, 
1825.  Although,  in  a  quiet  way,  he  had  done  his 
part  at  the  muster-farce,  he  was  the  only  officer  in 
town  with  whom  the  field-officers  had  not  had  diffi- 
culty. The  field-officers  not  only  did  not  aid  him  in 
getting  a  discharge,  but  kept  urging  him  to  act.  He 
was  the  only  officer,  and  maintained  that  it  was 
unreasonable  to  require  him  alone  to  attempt  to  or- 
ganize the  three  or  four  hundred  men  in  Union,  in 
the  state  of  things  which  then  existed,  and  he  would 
not  move  in  the  matter. 


378  MILITARY  HISTORY. 

Finally,  after  the  disbanding  of  the  rifle-company  and 
the  removal  of  Capt.  Rice,  orders  came  for  another  elec- 
tion of  officers.  The  meeting  was  held  in  the  Old  Meet- 
ing-house, Sept.  18,  1832.  The  presiding  officer  made  a 
few  remarks  on  the  "iron  giip  of  the  law,"  which,  instead 
of  alarming  or  awing  the  men,  only  excited  contempt 
and  a  spirit  of  defiance.  Ebenezer  Ward  Adams  was 
chosen  captain ;  and  John  Fuller,  lieutenant.  After 
leaving  the  meeting-house,  Capt.  Adams  uttered  a 
remark,  from  which  the  inference  was  plain  that  he 
should  never  order  them  out  after  that  afternoon.  They 
paraded  and  marched  and  drilled  an  hour  or  two.  The 
storekeepers  and  others  contributed  the  treat,  which  was 
always  furnished,  from  some  source  or  other,  at  trainings 
and  musters.  Capt.  Adams  received  his  commission, 
but  would  not  get  qualified.  Efforts  were  made  to  hire 
him  to  do  it ;  but  he  was  immovable.  He  never  called 
on  the  company  to  turn  out  after  the'day  of  his  election. 
July  5,  1835,  Nathaniel  Groton,  division-advocate, 
brought  against  him  the  following  charges :  — 

1.  That  he  neglected  to  call  out  his  company,  May  1, 
1834,  for  an  annual  inspection  and  examination. 

2.  That  he  did  not,  as  the  law  required,  parade  his  com- 
pany on  one  other  day  between  the  first  Tuesday  in  May, 
and  the  annual  review  of  the  troops  in  September. 

3.  Disobedience  of  orders  in  not  appearing  at  Warren, 
Sept.  25,  1834,  for  annual  review  and  inspection. 

4.  Not  turning  out  on  the  first  Tuesday  in  May,  1835. 

The  court-martial  held  at  Thomaston,  Nov.  4, 1835, 
found  him  guilty,  and  adjudged  him  to  be  removed,  and 
to  be  disqualified  from  holding  any  military  office  under 
this  State  for  the  term  of  fifty  years.  They  further  sen- 
tenced him  to  pay  a  fine  of  twenty-one  dollars.  The 
captain  would  not  pay  the  fine,  nor  allow  his  military 
friends  to  do  it.  He  was  carried  to  j  ail  at  Wiscasset,  and 
imprisoned ;  his  prosecutors  refusing  to  take  bail.  He 
consulted  Judge  Smith,  who  notified  the  jail-keeper  that 
his  case  was  bailable ;  and  that,  if  he  continued  him  in 


LAST   ELECTION    OF   OFFICERS.  379 

close  confinement,  it  would  be  at  his  peril.  He  was, 
accordingly,  released.  Thus  ended  the  fifth  court-mar- 
tial of  Union  officers. 


CHAPTER    XLV. 

MILITARY  HISTORY. 

{Continued,) 

Two  Companies  of  Infantry Election  of  Officers  at  Amos  Walker's. 

—  March  to  the  Common. 

Subsequently  to  the  disbanding  and  incorporating  of 
the  rifle  with  the  infantry-company,  the  latter  was 
divided  into  two  companies,  the  river  being  the  dividing 
line.  According  to  one  report,  several  persons,  deeming 
a  military  organization  important,  presented  to  the  go- 
vernor and  council  a  petition  for  this  division ;  and  it  was 
favored  by  many  of  the  residents  on  the  east  side  of  the 
river,  who  afterwards  fell  back,  in  consequence  of  a 
resuscitation  of  the  hostility  to  the  Waldonians.  An- 
other statement  is,  that  the  division  into  two  companies 
was  in  answer  to  the  petition  of  a  few  individuals  of  the 
old  company. 

The  lieutenant-colonel,  it  is  said,  went  to  one  in 
whom,  it  was  supposed,  he  could  confide,  and  prevailed 
on  him  to  summon  such  men,  on  the  east  side  of  the 
river,  as  were  favorable  to  the  measure,  to  meet  for  the 
election  of  officers  at  the  residence  of  Amos  Walker, 
who  lived  in  a  retired  place,  near  the  first  brook  east  of 
Seven  Brook.  Information  of  the  movement  was  speed- 
ily circulated  throughout  the  town.  May  10,  1834, 
Amos  Walker's  barn  was  thronged.  Almost  every  man 
in  town,  whether  old  or  young,  sick  or  well,  on  both  sides 
of  the  river,  turned  out.  Several  persons  came  from 
neighboring  towns.  The  lieutenant-colonel  began  to 
read  the  order  for  election.     The  boys  blew  wooden 


380  '  MILITARY  HISTORY. 

whistles.  They  annoyed  him  with  paper-pellets.  The 
object  apparently  was  to  irritate  and  disturb  him.  But 
a  good  degree  of  quiet  was  obtained,  and  he  continued 
to  read  the  order  with  the  coolness  and  composure  of 
an  old  soldier,  till  he  finished  it.  Votes  for  a  captain 
were  called  for.  George  Robbins  was  elected.  He 
was  immediately  furnished  by  Dr.  Harding  and  others 
with  words  for  a  speech.  With  an  old  wing  stuck  in 
the  top  of  a  hat  which  had  no  rim,  he  stepped  forward, 
and  remarked  that  he  felt  greatly  flattered  by  the  honor 
which  had  been  conferred  on  him,  and  that,  though 
he  was  conscious  he  had  hitherto  been  somewhat 
neglected  and  overlooked,  he  should  accept  the  appoint- 
ment. The  speech  was  followed  by  an  outbreak  of 
applause. 

When  the  presiding  officer  found  that  every  thing 
was  intended  to  be  farcical,  he  declined  proceeding  with 
the  election.  Then  it  was  argued,  with  much  gravity, 
that  there  was  great  unanimity  in  the  election  thus  far, 
that  every  thing  promised  a  harmonious  re-organiza- 
tion of  the  military  system  in  town,  and  that  it  was 
certainly  advisable  to  proceed.  "  You  ought  to  go  on  " 
was  the  remark  of  some  of  the  persons  present.  "  You 
must  proceed  with  the  election"  was  the  remark  of 
others.  "  You  shall  go  on,  or  we  will  have  you  court- 
martialled,  if  it  be  possible  to  do  it.  You  were  detailed 
to  preside  at  the  election  of  officers,  not  of  one  officer 
of  the  company."  Alexander  Skinner  was  then  elected 
lieutenant ;  and  Life  W.  Boggs,  ensign. 

At  ]VL'.  Walker's  were  small  wheels  used  in  making 
ropes,  and  a  log  used  in  shortening  them.  The  men 
placed  the  log  on  the  wheels  and  began  to  march,  styling 
themselves  the  Independent  Artillery  Company.  A  few 
turned  in  the  sides  of  their  hats,  so  as  to  make  them 
somewhat  pointed  before  and  behind.  Part  w^ere  in 
single  file,  some  in  platoons  three,  and  others  four  deep, 
and  some  were  on  horseback.  For  muskets  they  car- 
ried hoop-poles,  staves,  sticks  of  wood,  clubs,  sunflower 
stalks,  —  fastening  to  their  hips  sunflower-heads  for 
cartouch-boxes ;  in  short,  taking,  for  equipments,  any 


MARCH  TO   THE   COMMON.  381 

thing  upon  which  they  could  lay  their  hands,  provided 
it  would  tend  to  make  the  whole  affair  as  ridiculous  and 
unmilitary  as  possible.  The  new  lieutenant  brought  up 
the  rear  of  the  company,  carrying  a  feather  in  his  hat 
and  a  rum-bottle  in  each  hand.  On  each  side  of  him 
was  some  one,  acting  in  the  capacity  of  an  aid.  In  this 
manner  they  proceeded  toward  the  Common.  It  could 
hardly  have  been  possible  to  make  a  company  appear 
more  ridiculous.  The  new  officers,  according  to  uni- 
versal custom  at  military  elections,  gave  a  treat.  The 
other  officers  good-naturedly  partook,  though  they  are 
said  afterwards  to  have  expressed  some  doubt,  judging 
from  the  appearance  of  the  new  officers,  whether  they 
paid  for  the  rum  themselves. 

This  was  the  last  attempt  ever  made  in  town  to  elect 
military  officers.  It  was  the  last  training,  if  we  except 
the  voluntary  movements  in  the  time  of  the  Aroostook 
war.  The  Unionites  became  completely  triumphant. 
The  presiding  officer  seems  not  to  have  been  altogether 
satisfied  with  the  result ;  for,  in  his  return  to  the  adju- 
tant-general, he  stated  that  neither  of  the  officers  "  had 
any  property ; "  that  they  were  "  the  refuse  of  society ; 
that  the  lieutenant"  had  "frequently  been  a  town- 
charge;"  that  the  "inhabitants  of  Union"  had  "not 
done  military  duty  for  nearly  ten  years  ;  and  that  there 
seemed  a  disposition  to  evade  the  law,  if  possible." 
The  three  commissions  were  issued  Aug.  9, 1834,  bear- 
ing date  May  10,  1834.  The  officers  never  called  out 
the  company,  and,  it  is  said,  did  not  get  qualified  after 
receiving  their  commissions.  They  were  discharged 
by  limitation,  Jan.  3,  1842. 


33 


882  MILITARY   HISTORY. 


CHAPTER   XLVI. 

MILITARY  HISTORY. 

(Concluded.) 

Qualifying  Remarks.  —  Extension  of  the  Unmilitary  Spirit.  —  Change 
of  Public  Sentiment.  —  Military  Musters. 

The  preceding  military  narrative  may  not  be  satisfac- 
tory to  all  readers.  Considering  the  gleanings  to  be 
made,  the  conflicting  statements  to  be  reconciled, 
the  chasms  to  be  filled,  the  scattered  incidents  to  be 
arranged  in  their  proper  places,  and  woven  into  a  narra- 
tive, and  that  most  of  these  unrecorded  events  occurred 
more  than  twenty-five  years  ago,  it  is  obvious  that  the 
account  must  necessarily  be  somewhat  incomplete  and 
inaccurate,  though  great  care  has  been  taken  to  make 
it  as  correct  as  the  nature  of  the  case  would  admit. 

It  is  to  be  observed,  too,  that  the  narrative  has  not 
been  confined  to  what  the  companies  did.  Some 
of  the  conduct  could  not  have  received  the  sanction 
either  of  the  town  or  of  the  military  companies  them- 
selves. The  same  is  undoubtedly  true  of  Waldo- 
borough.  The  Waldonians  were  naturally  glad  to 
have  the  annual  military  musters  near  their  own  doors. 
But  it  is  not  to  be  supposed  that  the  citizens  at  large 
wished  to  have  them  there,  unless  they  were  fairly 
entitled  to  them ;  or  that,  as  a  body,  they  would  sus- 
tain oppression  or  injustice  in  their  officers.  Let  the 
blame  fall  where  it  belongs.  In  as  great  and  general 
excitement  as  prevailed,  there  are  always  some  eccen- 
tric men  ready  to  shoot  off  from  the  orbits  in  which 
the  body  of  the  people  move,  and  do  acts  which  are 
disreputable.  Such  are  some  of  the  transactions  which 
have  been  mentioned.  Individuals  have  been  guilty 
of  them ;  the  better  part  of  the  inhabitants  have  been 
ashamed  of  them ;  the  good  sense  of  the  towns  has 
been  against  them.     And  yet  the  reproach,  instead  of 


QUALIFYING   REMARKS.  383  . 

being  cast  where  it  ought,  upon  the  eccentric  or  reck- 
less few  who  were  guilty,  has  been  unjustly  brought 
upon  the  towns. 

It  is  not  expedient  to  occupy  the  room  that  might 
be  given  to  a  justification  or  reprehension  of  the  seve- 
ral acts  which  resulted  in  the  overthrow  of  the  military 
system.  It  may  be  remarked,  however,  that  the  people 
of  Union  considered  they  were  oppressed.  They  were 
repeatedly  irritated ;  they  were  threatened ;  they  could 
get  no  redress.  The  power  of  the  Legislature  was 
brought  to  bear  on  them  in  stringent  laws  to  meet 
their  special  case.  The  officers  said  that  they  were 
ready  to  do  military  duty,  but  that  it  must  be  done 
fairly  and  honorably ;  and,  feeling  that  such  was  not 
the  case,  the  men  took  the  matter  into  their  own 
hands.  And  when  they  acted,  it  was  not  with  violence 
and  bloodshed,  but  with  ridicule.  If  still  it  be  said 
that  all  this  was  in  opposition  to  the  law  of  the  land, 
they  argue — parvis  componere  magna  —  "  So  were  the 
proceedings  of  the  whigs  in  the  revolutionary  war 
And  if  you  justify  them,"  say  they,  "for  rebelling  and 
fighting  eight  years,  when  they  had  petitioned  and 
remonstrated,  and  could  not  even  be  heard,  surely 
there  is  but  little  to  be  said  against  the  Unionites  for 
taking  redress  into  their  own  hands,  when  they  used 
no  weapons  but  neglect  and  ridicule  to  effect  relief 
from  what  they  considered  oppression  and  insult." 

One  thing  is  certain :  the  consequences  of  this 
movement  were  important ;  it  was  the  beginning  of  a 
change  of  the  military  laws  and  feelings  of  the  State. 
People  in  the  neighboring  towns  continued  for  a  few 
years  to  do  military  duty,  as  an  evil  to  which  they 
were  doomed  by  the  law;  while  the  inhabitants  of 
Union  evaded  or  disregarded  all  laws  of  the  State  and 
all  commands  of  all  military  officers  in  Maine,  and 
pursued  their  avocations,  undisturbed  through  the  year. 
It  was  not  long  before  men  declined  going  from 
McLean's  Mills,  through  Union  and  Warren,  to  muster 
at  Thomaston,  twenty  miles  distant,  when  they  saw 
the  inhabitants   of   Union  neglecting  with   impunity 


384  MILITARY  HISTORY. 

a  journey  to  Waldoborough  for  the  same  purpose. 
How  far  the  spirit  has  since  extended  is  not  known ; 
but  the  movements  in  this  town  have  probably,  in 
their  remote  consequences,  done  more  than  any  thing 
else  to  turn  into  ridicule  and  abolish,  so  far  as  it  is 
abolished,  the  military  pageantry,  which  belongs  to  the 
Dark  Ages,  when  brute-force  triumphed  over  right,  ra- 
ther than  to  civilized  society,  which  professes  to  be 
governed  by  reason  and  principle.  The  law  said, 
Train  :  the  Unionites  said.  No.  There  is  something 
novel  in  the  fact,  that  an  institution  which  has  existed 
from  the  infancy  of  the  human  race,  which  all  nations 
have  considered  indispensable,  —  an  institution  to 
which  mankind  has  always  yielded  as  implicitly  as 
to  fate,  should  be  entirely  disregarded,  and  in  fact 
overthrown,  here.  So  quiet  and  orderly  is  every  thing 
now,  that,  but  for  past  recollections,  it  would  not  be 
known  that  there  had  ever  been  a  training  or  military 
movement  of  any  kind  in  the  place. 

MILITARY  MUSTERS. 

Although  much  has  already  been  said  respecting 
military  musters,  it  may  be  well  to  add  a  few  particu- 
lars, as  they  were  occasions  of  great  interest,  and  the 
time  is  coming  when  they  will  be  entirely  unknown, 
except  in  history.  The  days  on  which  they  took  place 
were  among  the  few  holidays  of  New  England.  They 
were  anticipated  with  satisfaction  by  adults  and  with  de- 
light by  boys.  As  the  time  approached,  the  interven- 
ing days  were  carefully  counted  by  the  young.  There 
were  two  or  three  military  trainings  within  a  week  or 
two  before  the  appointed  day,  for  the  purpose  of  drill. 
The  men  who  were  not  required  to  do  duty,  and  the 
boys,  were  busy  in  getting  choice  apples,  plums,  and 
other  fruit,  to  retail.  Four-pences  and  cents  were  in 
great  demand,  as  every  boy  wanted  something  to 
spend  on  the  occasion.  Eagerness  was  manifested  in 
securing  modes  of  conveyance  to  the  muster-field. 
Persons  who  had  relatives  or  intimate  acquaintances 
in  the  vicinity  went  the  day  before.     Others  travelled 


MILITARY   MUSTERS.  385 

in  the  night.  Sometimes  several  members  of  a  com- 
pany made  an  arrangement  to  meet  at  the  captain's, 
or  at  some  central  place,  at  one  or  two  o'clock  in  the 
morning,  to  go  together;  and  the  first  sound  at  the 
captain's  door,  to  wake  him,  might  be  the  jarring 
occasioned  by  a  heavy  discharge  of  a  field-piece  under 
his  bedroom  window.  From  break  of  day,  vehicles  of 
various  kinds  were  moving  towards  the  place.  In 
some  were  merchandise.  In  others  rode  men  wearing 
their  military  uniforms,  and  carrying  guns  and  equip- 
ments,— with  their  wives,  daughters,  or  young  children, 
dressed  in  their  gayest  holiday  attire,  by  their  sides. 
Along  the  roads  were  men  and  women  and  boys,  on 
foot,  hastening  forward  with  as  much  ardor  as  if  the 
existence  of  the  nation  depended  on  their  being  there 
at  the  earliest  practicable  moment.  Upon  their  com- 
ing together  from  various  places,  the  pulse  was  quick- 
ened, and  more  energy  aroused  by  the  rapid  driving, 
the  loud  talking,  the  trooping  of  the  boys,  the  beating 
of  drums,  and  the  marching  and  countermarching  of 
companies,  before  going  upon  the  field.  Then  there 
were  the  officers'  loud  tones  of  command,  the  crowding 
of  people,  the  occasional  crying  of  children  and  bark- 
ing and  yelping  of  dogs,  the  glittering  of  guns  and  bay- 
onets, the  nodding  of  plumes,  and  the  indescribable 
feeling  experienced  on  seeing  the  machine-like  move- 
ments of  a  large  mass  of  living  beings  when  marching 
and  drilling.  From  towns  far  and  near  was  poured  in 
a  great  tide  of  life.  Temporary  tents,  wheelbarrows, 
stands,  handcarts,  and  horsewagons,  with  produce,  lined 
the  muster-field  and  places  of  congregating.  Rum  and 
brandy  and  gin;  gingerbread,  cake,  and  molasses; 
honey,  new  cider,  and  apples ;  ham  and  bread  and 
sausages ;  cheese  and  oysters  and  crackers ;  dough- 
nuts and  pies  and  peppermints;  clothes,  hats,  and 
tin- ware; —  in  short,  almost  all  things  which  could 
be  bought  or  be  sold  were  brought  together  and  ex- 
posed in  great  profusion.  "  Walk  up,"  "  walk  up, 
gentlemen,"  —  and  sometimes  "Walk  up,  ladies,"  — 
greeted  the  ears  from  various  quarters.  Fiddlers 
33* 


886  ZOOLOGICAL  HISTOKY. 

played,  the  lads  and  lasses  danced ;  and,  on  planks 
and  slabs  temporarily  laid  down,  clowns  exercised 
themselves  with  the  double  shuffle.  Old  topers  got 
drunk  and  swore,  and  others  became  tipplers.  The 
irritable  would  become  angry,  and  strip  off  their  coats ; 
and  then  a  cry  would  be  raised,  "  A  fight,  a  fight ; "  and 
a  crowd,  unless  the  constables  interfered,  would  run 
and  gather  round  in  a  ring,  to  give  the  combatants 
room  and  see  that  they  had  fair  play.  Everybody 
seemed  to  be  trying  to  be  happy  in  his  own  way; 
and,  amid  the  vast  variety  of  character,  habits,  and 
tastes  which  were  brought  together,  there  were,  of 
course,  many  queer  manifestations  of  enjoyment.  So 
great  has  been  the  change  within  thirty  years,  particu- 
larly where  the  temperance-movement  has  had  control, 
that  the  young  have  no  adequate  idea  of  the  old 
musters  of  New  England,  which  were  substantially 
the  same  on  Boston  Common  and  in  the  town  of 
Waldoborough. 


CHAPTER    XLVII. 

ZOOLOGICAL   HISTORY. 

Early  Hunting  and  Hunters.  —  Boggs.  —  Anderson.  — Davis  and  the 
Tortoise.  —  Dickc.  —  The  dogs  Tuner  and  Lion.  —  Laws  about 
Deer  and  Moose  and  Deer-reeves.  —  Deers.  —  Moose.  —  Their 
Haunts. —  Time  and  Manner  of  hunting  them.  —  Their  Yards.  — 
Transportation  of  Moose  Beef.  —  Dressing  and  cooking  it.  —  Moose 
in  Summer.  —  One  killed  in  Seven-tree  Pond. 

EARLY  HUNTING  AND  HUNTERS. 

Before  there  were  any  permanent  settlements,  this 
place  was  probably  much  resorted  to  by  hunters. 
Samuel  Boggs,  of  Warren,  at  a  later  period,  ranged 
along  the  rivers  and  ponds.  Each  week  or  fortnight, 
a  boat  with  provisions  was  despatched  from  his  home 
to  Seven-tree  Pond;    places  having  been  previously 


EARLY   HUNTING   AND    HUNTERS.  387 

designated,  where  he  left  signs  to  enable  the  boatman 
to  find  him.  Archibald  Anderson,  of  Warren,  and  a 
man  named  Davis,  hunted  here  in  the  fall  and  spring 
for  many  years.  After  an  unsuccessful  search  during 
four  days,  Davis,  almost  famishing,  once  returned  to 
his  old  camp,  near  Crawford's  River,  and  kindled  a  tire. 
With  great  astonishment  he  soon  saw  the  sand  and 
ashes,  on  which  it  was  built,  begin  to  move.  He  was 
not  disturbed  by  their  surging  and  sinking ;  but  knelt 
down,  and  dealt  heavy  random-blows  among  them 
with  his  hatchet.  In  a  short  time,  he  was  luxuriating 
on  a  roasted  tortoise,  which  had  unceremoniously  im- 
bedded himself  in  the  ashes. 

David  Dicke,  of  Warren,  says  that  in  his  boyhood 
the  great  hunting-ground  was  the  meadows  at  the 
head  of  Round  Pond.  When  he  was  in  pursuit  of 
moose,  he  commonly  passed  the  night  on  the  little 
island  at  the  outlet  of  the  pond.  The  early  settlers 
were  naturally  interested  in  hunting  and  trapping. 
Furs  were  valuable.  The  flesh  of  some  of  the  game 
was  at  times  almost  indispensable  to  their  existence. 
Beef  was  scarce.  When  grain  failed,  fish,  fowl,  and 
wild  game  were  their  only  substantial  food.  So  that 
all  the  early  settlers  were  hunters,  and  had  traps,  guns, 
and  hunting-dogs. 

David  Robbins  had  a  very  large  dog,  named  Tuner. 
Tuner  accompanied  his  master  in  his  excursions  for 
game.  When  night  came,  Robbins  trod  a  hole  into 
the  snow,  threw  hemlock -boughs  into  it,  and  called 
Tuner  to  share  his  comfort.  If  his  feet  were  cold, 
Tuner  was  required  to  lie  on  them  to  keep  them  warm. 
As  soon  as  these  were  made  comfortable.  Tuner  was 
ordered  to  abandon  his  warm  nest  and  take  lodgings 
at  his  masters  back.  Thus  Tuner  was  imposed  upon ; 
being  obliged,  during  the  whole  night,  to  move  from 
place  to  place  at  his  master's  bidding. 

Once  Tuner  was  missing.  Men  hallooed  and  guns 
were  fired  to  entice  him  home.  He  came  in  a  state  of 
great  excitement,  and  used  all  his  canine  eloquence 
of  crying  and  whining  to  prevail  on  some  of  his  mas- 


888  ZOOLOGICAL   HISTORY. 

ter's  family  to  follow  him.  After  they  had  run  about 
a  mile,  the  dog,  far  in  advance,  began  to  bark.  He 
had  returned  to  the  carcass  of  a  yearling  moose, 
which  had  been  pursued  and  killed  by  him. 

Richard  Cummings  had  a  dog  named  Lion.  Lion 
and  Tuner  were  great  friends.  Lion's  favorite  em- 
ployment was  bear-hunting.  The  two  dogs  followed 
a  moose  to  Warren,  where  Lion  probably  found  a 
bear's  den,  and  was  seriously  injured.  They  returned 
on  the  east  side  of  the  pond,  as  far  as  the  Hills  Point. 
Lion  could  go  no  further.  Tuner  swam  to  the  David 
Robbins  Point,  and  set  up  a  mournful  howling.  He 
could  not  be  prevailed  on  to  enter  the  house,  but  con- 
tinued to  look  across  the  pond  and  whine.  Accord- 
ingly, to  the  great  joy  of  Tuner,  a  float  was  sent  across 
the  pond,  and  Lion  brought  over,  so  wounded,  proba- 
bly by  the  "  bear's  hug,"  that  he  never  entirely  recov- 
ered. 

LA.WS  ABOUT  DEER   AND  MOOSE    AND    DEER-REEVES. 

The  office  of  deer-reeve  included  the  duties  of 
moose-reeve.  An  Act  of  the  Legislature  of  Massachu- 
setts was  published,  Feb.  4,  1764,  for  the  preservation 
and  increase  of  moose  and  deer.  The  penalty  for  kill- 
ing any  moose  or  deer  between  Dec.  21  and  Aug.  11 
in  any  year,  or  for  having  in  one's  possession  the  flesh 
or  raw  skin  of  any  moose  or  deer  killed  within  that 
time,  was  £6  and  the  cost  for  prosecution  for  each 
and  every  offence.  Suspected  persons  were  to  be  ex- 
amined before  justices  of  the  peace,  sheriffs  to  search 
for  flesh  and  skins,  and  justices  to  require  security  of 
suspected  persons  and  to  bind  over  persons  to  give 
evidence.  Towns  which  neglected  to  choose  deer- 
reeves  annually,  at  the  March  meeting,  incurred  a 
penalty  of  X30.  Every  person  chosen  deer-reeve  was 
required  "  forthwith  to  declare  his  acceptance  or  refu- 
sal thereof."  If  he  refused  to  accept  the  trust,  or  to 
be  sworn  to  the  faithful  discharge  of  it,  he  was  fined 
£5.  If  he  refused  to  pay  the  fine,  he  was  to  "be  con- 
vened before  the  court  of  sessions ; "  and,  if  he  could 


DEEES   AND   MOOSE.  389 

show  no  just  cause  for  his  refusal,  the  court  was 
empowered  to  commit  him  to  jail,  "there  to  remain 
till  he  had  paid  the  said  fine  and  the  costs  of  prosecu- 
tion." The  "  more  especial  business  "  of  deer-reeves 
was  "to  inquire  into  and  inform  of  all  oifences  against 
this  Act,  and  to  prosecute  the  offenders."  It  was 
further  enacted  that  the  grand  juries  should  from  time 
to  time  "diligently  inquire  after  and  prosecute  all 
breaches  of  this  Act."  It  was  probably  in  consequence 
of  this  Act  that  the  town  chose  Bela  Robbins  deer- 
reeve  in  the  years  1787,  1788,  and  1789.  There  is  no 
record  of  any  other  action  of  the  town  in  relation  to 
the  subject. 

DEERS. 

There  were  never  so  many  deers  in  the  New  England 
as  in  the  other  States.  In  the  fall,  a  few  years  after  the 
incorporation  of  Union,  five  or  six  made  many  tracks 
on  a  point  of  land,  perhaps  one  mile  south  of  the  out- 
let of  Crawford's  Pond.  The  ground  w^as  muddy  and 
soft,  and  they  were  evidently  trying  to  get  across  to 
the  east  side.  In  the  following  winter,  they  were 
found  by  hunters  from  Warren,  and  every  one  was 
killed.  About  twenty  years  ago,  two  fawn  were  seen 
drinking  at  a  fountain  by  the  side  of  the  road,  in  the 
Cedar  Swamp  in  Appleton.  One  of  them  was  shot 
near  Quantabacook  Pond.  Stragglers,  probably  from 
the  wilderness,  are  occasionally  seen  in  Union  at  the 
present  day.  In  December,  1845,  a  deer  was  discov- 
ered between  Hills'  Mills  and  Sunnybec  Pond,  pursued 
and  finally  killed  near  John  Payson's,  in  the  easterly 
part  of  the  town.  Another,  probably  the  mate,  was 
seen  a  few  days  afterward.  It  is  supposed  they  had 
strayed  from  the  Penobscot  country. 

MOOSE. 

The  early  settlers  of  New  England  had  singular 
ideas  respecting  moose.  In  a  manuscript  of  President 
Dunster,  of  Harvard  University,  now  in  possession  of 
John  Belknap,  Esq.,  of  Boston,  is  this  notice  :  "  Moose, 


390  ZOOLOGICAL  HISTORY. 

a  beast  as  big  as  an  oxe ;  it  is  thought  they  will  be 
brought  to  be  very  useful  for  labour,  when  their  yonge 
are  brought  up  tame." 

Probably,  there  was  no  part  of  the  United  States  in 
which  moose  were  so  numerous  as  in  Maine.  It  is 
said,  that,  as  recently  as  1849,  more  than  fourteen 
hundred  were  killed  in  one  year  by  the  Indians,  chiefly 
for  the  value  of  their  skins.  In  Union,  a  favorite  place 
for  them  was  the  meadows  north  of  Seven-tree  Pond. 
Before  the  town  was  settled,  there  were  many  paths 
running  in  various  directions  from  the  clear,  unfailing, 
and  never-freezing  spring  near  the  head  of  it.  They 
were  probably  made  by  moose,  who  in  summer  com- 
monly go  to  one  place  for  drink.  Another  and  bet- 
ter ground  was  the  meadows  at  Round  Pond.  It 
was  here  that,  on  a  Thanksgiving-day,  Jessa  Robbins 
killed  his  first  moose.  It  weighed  840  pounds.  The 
horns  had  thirteen  prongs ;  and  not  one  of  the  three 
men  who  came  to  look  at  him  could,  with  outstretched 
arms,  touch  the  extremities  of  both  the  horns  at  once. 
Here,  too,  it  was  that  Archibald  Anderson  and  Samuel 
Boggs  often  climbed  into  the  crotch  of  a  large  sloping 
maple,  which  stood  on  the  east  side  of  the  river  near 
the  pond,  to  watch.  When  either  of  them  espied  one, 
if  he  could  not  kill  him  from  the  tree,  —  and  it  was 
too  far  to  fire  across  the  river  into  the  meadow  on 
the  north-west,  —  he  came  down  cautiously,  and  ap- 
proached him  in  the  best  way  he  could.  He  common- 
ly took  a  float,  as  thus  he  could  get  comparatively  near 
without  alarming  him. 

After  the  settlers  came,  the  favorite  place  of  resort 
for  moose  was  the  vicinity  of  the  Medomac  River. 
There  were  found  most  of  those  which  were  killed. 
Generally  they  were  shy.  Their  hearing  and  smelling 
were  so  acute  that  it  was  very  difficult  to  come  within 
gun-shot,  except  from  the  windward  of  them.  Hunters 
took  advantage  of  the  circumstance  that  they  always 
fed  with  their  heads  to  the  wind,  and  thus  they  some- 
times came  upon  them  unawares.  They  were  killed 
at  all  seasons  of  the  year ;  but  the  best  time  to  hunt 


HUNTING  ]\^OSE.  391 

them  was  in  March.  Then  these  heavy  animals  were 
impeded  and  their  legs  lacerated  by  breaking  through 
the  crust,  which  was  strong  enough  to  sustain  their 
pm-suers ;  or  they  were  worried  down  by  the  deep  snow, 
over  which  hunters  on  snow-shoes  successfully  followed 
them.  This  month  was  generally  the  time  for  an 
onslaught.  A  party  procured  high,  narrow,  and  light 
hand-sleds,  which  had  runners  four  or  six  inches  wide  to 
prevent  their  sinking  into  the  snow.  They  took  gim- 
lets, shaves,  hatchets,  an  axe  to  mend  then-  sleds,  and  a 
little  salt  to  make  their  moose-meat  palatable.  With 
guns,  ammunition,  and  dogs,  they  started  off  for  their 
favorite  ranges  and  hunting-grounds,  dragging  their 
sleds  on  ponds  and  rivers  and  over  carrying-places.^ 
On  arriving  at  the  proposed  hunting-ground,  they 
"  struck  up  a  camp,"  kindled  a  fire  by  means  of  their 
gun-flints  and  powder,  and  then  were  ready  for  action. 

One  old  hunter  says  the  moose  were  generally 
found  in  the  vicinity  of  springs  or  places  where  they 
could  drink,  and  between  the  highland  and  what  is 
called  the  "  black  land,"  or  the  ground  where  spruces 
and  hemlocks  grow.  When  the  snow  was  deep,  their 
ranges  became  limited.  They  browsed  upon  the 
hemlocks,  maples,  white  birches,  moose-wood,  and  the 
saplings  and  bushes  within  their  reach,  and  thus  trod 
down  the  snow  about  them  and  made  yards.  These 
yards,  which  in  winter  were  commonly  on  "black 
land,"  varied  in  size  with  the  number  of  animals  in  the 
herd,  the  time  of  their  being  there,  and  the  depth  of 
the  snow.  Sometimes,  though  seldom,  they  extended 
over  forty  or  fifty  acres.  They  were  enlarged  as  the 
animals,  impelled  by  hunger,  stepped  into  the  snow 
to  reach  more  browse.  When  undisturbed,  a  few 
moose  would  remain  a  month  on  an  acre  or  two. 

When  attacked  by  dogs,  moose  would   turn   and 

^  One  of  these  carrying-places,  from  the  head  of  Seven-tree  Pond, 
across  the  Robbins  Neck,  nearly  in  the  direction  of  the  canal,  struck 
St.  George's  River,  a  few  rods  below  Bachelor's  Mills.  Another  began 
at  the  Pettengill  Brook,  crossed  Appleton  Ridge,  and  terminated  at 
the  St.  George's,  about  half  a  mile  above  the  head  of  Sunnybec  Pond. 
It  was  travelled  by  nearly  all  the  hunters  on  the  Medomac  River. 


392  ZOOLOGICAL  HISTORY. 

fight  them,  not  by  kicking,  but  by  striking  at  them 
with  their  feet.  Sometimes  they  would  become  so 
intent  that  the  hunter  could  get  near  enough  to  shoot 
them.  If,  however,  a  moose  was  started  from  the  yard 
by  dogs,  he  commonly  made  but  few  plunges  into  the 
deep  and  hard  snow,  before  he  turned  upon  them.  As 
he  was  annoyed,  on  the  one  side  or  the  other,  he  kept 
changing  his  position  in  order  to  meet  the  attacks,  and 
thus  trod  down  the  snow  and  made  a  small  yard 
around  him.  The  dogs  continued  to  vex  him,  and,  by 
their  incessant  and  violent  barking,  brought  up  the 
gunners.  If,  when  the  men  approached,  the  moose 
made  another  effort  to  escape,  the  dogs,  set  on  and 
encouraged  by  their  masters,  attacked  him  the  more 
furiously.  They  seized  him  by  the  nose,^  bit  his  legs, 
gnawed  the  hair  from  his  flanks  and  ribs,  and  har- 
rassed  him  till  the  hunters  approached  and  despatched 
him  with  balls.  But,  when  there  was  only  a  little 
snow,  the  moose,  with  the  dogs  on  the  full  leap  after 
him,  would  distance  his  pursuers  and  escape,  or  draw 
them  into  a  race,  which  sometimes  continued  a  hun- 
dred miles  or  more. 

When  moose  were  routed,  their  course  was  almost 
inyariably  toward  the  South,  and  calculations  were 
made  accordingly  to  intercept  them.  The  old  hunters 
said  that  they  took  this  direction,  because  the  farther 
they  went,  the  softer  became  the  snow  and  crust. 
The  settlers  in  Union,  and  the  towns  below,  con- 
sidered the  circumstance  fortunate ;  for,  if  the  course 
had  been  toward  the  North,  the  pursuit  of  them 
would  have  drawn  them  from  their  homes.  In  the 
winter  of  1785-6,  several  moose  were  started  in  the 
vicinity  of  Quantabacook.  One  or  more  was  killed ; 
and  one  fled  to  the  Robbins  Neck,  where  he  yarded, 

"^  William  Thompson  spoke  particularly  of  three  dogs.  One  would 
seize  a  moose  by  the  ribs,  and  take  out  a  mouthful  of  hair  at  every 
bite.  Another  small  dog  Avould  seize  him  by  the  nose,  and,  curling  up 
his  legs,  hold  on  so  firmly  that  the  moose  would  swing  him  from  side 
to  side.  A  third  large  dog  «'  would  fly  up  close  to  him  "  on  the  crust, 
and  "  bark  and  roar  terribly,  "  without  venturing  to  touch  him.  They 
seemed  to  have  a  common  understanding  how  each  should  annoy  him 


MOOSE-BEEF.  898 

near  the  sloping  maple,  till  the  spring  opened.  Then 
he  was  again  started,  and  ran  to  Friendship,  where  he 
was  killed. 

When  the  hunters  killed  a  moose,  they  skinned  it, 
and  split  the  carcass  into  halves  or  sides.  A  small 
tree  was  then  bent  down,  and  the  ends  of  the  limbs 
lopped  off.  The  sides  were  hung  upon  the  stubs  of 
the  limbs,  and  then  the  tree  was  allowed  to  spring 
back  to  its  natural  position.  Thus  the  meat  was  pro- 
tected from  wild  animals.  A  little  bird  called  the 
whetsaw,  because  its  notes  resembled  the  filing  of  a 
saw,  would  light  upon  it  and  pick  it ;  but  it  did  no 
harm  worth  noticing.  To  keep  off  the  crows,  which 
were  troublesome,  long  white  splinters  were  stuck  into 
the  meat  before  it  was  suspended.  Having  thus  dis- 
posed of  a  moose,  and  left  the  offal  on  the  snow,  or 
used  it  to  bait  traps  for  sable  or  other  game,  the  men 
proceeded  to  hunt  again. 

When  the  time  drew  near  for  returning  home,  mea- 
sures were  devised  for  carrying  the  meat.  Hunters 
always  took  advantage  of  the  ponds  and  rivers.  When 
there  was  a  thaw,  they  went  forward  on  snow-shoes, 
and  trod  down  the  snow  in  the  paths  and  carrying- 
places.  When  the  paths  were  frozen  by  the  cold 
weather  which  succeeded,  they  sometimes  transported 
their  meat  on  packhorses.  Commonly,  however,  they 
drew  it  on  their  light  hand-sleds,  —  one  side  of  moose- 
beef  being  considered  load  enough  for  one  man  to 
drag.  The  hunters  at  the  Medomac,^  having  arrived 
at  the  end  of  their  carrying-place,  followed  down  Sun- 
nybec  Pond  and  St.  George's  River,  and  discharged 
their  loads  on  Seven-tree  Pond.  Sixteen  carcasses 
have  been  brought  on  to  this  pond  at  one  time.  Some 
were  eaten  by  the  inhabitants,  and  others  hauled  off 
by  teams  to  Warren  and  the  lower  towns.  Some- 
times more  moose  were  killed  than  were  wanted,  or 
could  be  given  away.  There  was  one  winter  in  which 
one  of  the  Robbins  family,  it  is  said,  owned  shares  in 

*  The  Waldonians  had  a  place  farther  west,  and  hunted  by  them- 
Belves. 

34 


394  ZOOLOGICAL  HISTORY. 

forty-seven  moose  and  seventeen  bears.  The  meat 
was  an  important  article  of  food.  The  large  bones 
were  removed ;  and  the  flesh,  put  loosely  together  in 
tubs  or  barrels,  was  dried  and  smoked.  When  broiled 
and  buttered  like  beef-steaks,  the  meat  was  considered 
much  better  than  when  boiled.  The  bones  were 
roasted  and  broken  ;  and  the  marrow,  which  was  taken 
out,  was  salted,  and  eaten  by  the  white  people  as  a 
substitute  for  butter. 

In  summer,  moose  frequented  meadows  and  swamps 
in  the  daytime,  and  ponds  and  coves  in  the  night.  A 
young  one  was  caught  —  some  say  in  Round  Pond, 
others  by  being  driven  into  a  river  in  Warren  —  by 
Archibald  Anderson,  and  tamed.  He  was  owned  in 
Warren.  In  the  daytime,  he  would  lie  about  the 
house  in  the  shade ;  and,  at  night,  go  to  feed  on  lily- 
leaves  and  aquatic  plants  in  the  brooks  and  bogs,  from 
which  he  would  return  early  in  the  morning. 

Within  three  or  four  years  after  Philip  Robbins 
moved  here,  as  he  was  coming  from  Warren  in  his 
float  with  his  dog  and  gun,  he  saw  a  moose  enter  the 
pond  on  the  east  side,  to  cross  over.  It  was  summer. 
The  moose's  horns  were  short,  and  appeared  as  if 
covered  with  velvet.  With  his  foot,  Robbins  kept  his 
dog  down  on  the  bottom  of  the  boat  till  he  was  near 
enough  to  fire.  As  soon  as  he  fired,  the  dog  sprang 
so  furiously  out  of  the  boat  as  almost  to  upset  it,  and 
seized  the  moose  by  the  nose.  The  dog  of  Richard 
Cummings  came  to  his  aid,  and  got  upon  the  moose's 
head.  Before  he  could  reach  the  shore,  the  dogs 
drowned  him.  The  few  inhabitants  soon  got  together, 
and  took  from  the  carcass  thirty  pounds  of  tallow. 


BEARS.  896 


CHAPTER    XLVIII. 

ZOOLOGICAL  HISTORY. 

{^Contimied.) 

Bears.  —  Bear  Traps.  —  Setting  Guns.  — Bears  caught  by  David  Rob- 
bins  and  Jessa  Robbins.  —  Baited  and  killed  by  Ezekiel  Hagar.  — 
Love  Rum.  —  Taken  to  Boston  and  shot.  —  Encounters  on  Seven- 
tree  Pond :  on  Hart's  Hill :  on  Hills  Point :  on  Simmons's  Hill : 
on  the  Robbins  Neck.  —  Adam  Martin.  —  Jason  Ware  and  his  Dog 
Sambo.  —  Fate  of  Sambo.  —  Mrs.  Hart  and  the  Bear  Trap. 

'       BEARS. 

Bears  were  numerous,  and  troublesome  to  the  early 
settlers.  They  broke  into  their  corn-fields,  and  des- 
troyed their  corn.  They  carried  off  sheep  and  hogs, 
much  against  the  wishes  and  intentions  of  the  owners. 
Bruin's  hide,  too,  was  good  for  caps,  mittens,  mocca- 
sons,  and  even  great-coats.  When  killed  in  the  fall  or 
spring,^  he  was  very  fat.  If  the  spare-rib  was  cut 
through  in  the  manner  of  pork,  it  was  necessary  t<i 
slice  off  three-quarters  of  the  thickness,  because  it  was 
so  fat  it  could  not  be  eaten.  The  flesh,  not  altogether 
unlike  pork  in  taste,  was  a  rich  morsel  to  persons 
pinched  with  hunger.  Consequently,  Bruin  and  the 
early  settlers  were  always  at  war.  Sometimes  he  was 
caught  in  large  steel-traps,  baited  with  mutton ;  at 
other  times  in  log-traps  so  constructed,  that,  when  he 
seized  the  bait,  the  stick  to  which  it  was  tied  released 
a  heavy  log  that  fell  on  his  back  and  crushed  him. 

The  practice  of  setting  guns  in  corn-fields  to  kiU 
bears  was  very  common  and  dangerous.  People  were 
frequently  wounded  or  killed  by  their  accidental  dis- 

^  Old  hunters  have  said,  that,  on  retiring  in  the  fall  to  hibernate, 
bears  are  taught  by  instinct  to  eat  balsam  or  something  else,  which 
entirely  obstructs  the  alimentary  canal.  When  spring  opens,  the 
same  instinct  teaches  them  what  to  take  to  remove  the  obstruction. 
It  is  said  they  are  about  as  fat  when  they  come  from  their  dens  as 
when  they  enter  them. 


896  ZOOLOGICAL  HISTOKT. 

charge,  though  there  does  not  appear  to  have  been  any 
fatal  case  in  Union.  A  long  line  was  fastened  at  one 
end.  It  was  then  extended  between  two  rows  of  corn ; 
and,  in  order  that  its  weight  might  not  cause  the  dis- 
charging of  the  gun,  it  was  supported  at  short 
distances  by  crotched  sticks  stuck  in  the  ground.  Near 
the  unfastened  end  of  the  line  were  driven  down  two 
short  stakes,  split  at  the  top.  Into  these  splits,  and 
pointing  so  as  to  range  with  the  line,  and  at  a  proper 
elevation  to  take  effect,  was  crowded  a  loaded  gun, 
which  was  covered  with  a  long  piece  of  bark  to  con- 
ceal it,  and  to  protect  it  from  dew  and  rain.  Very 
near  the  lock  was  another  stake.  The  unfastened  end 
of  the  line  was  then  tied  to  one  end  of  a  short  stick, 
the  other  end  of  which  was  placed  behind  the  stake 
and  before  the  trigger.  The  gun  was  cocked  and 
primed,  and  left  for  the  night.  Bruin,  intent  on 
getting  corn  and  regardless  of  the  line,  pressed  against 
it.  As  the  line  was  always  left  a  little  slack,  on  ac- 
count of  its  liability  to  be  shrunk  by  the  weather,  the 
bear  generally  brought  his  trunk  in  range  with  the  gun 
before  it  was  discharged.  Then,  as  the  charge  com- 
monly consisted  of  two  balls  and  a  slug,  the  conse- 
quences were  not  trifling.  A  man  who  saw  two 
bears,  which  were  killed  in  this  way,  says  that  one  of 
them  was  shot  with  two  balls  through  the  lungs,  and 
the  other  through  the  neck. 

The  number  killed  was  large.  Almost  every  man 
who  settled  in  town  before  the  year  1800  had  some- 
thing to  do  with  them.  Jessa  Robbins,  about  a  week 
after  he  had  killed  a  moose  on  Gillmor's  Meadow,  was 
going  toward  the  spot,  and,  perceiving  something  there, 
he  made  a  noise.  The  animal  raised  its  head  till  its 
ears  appeared  just  above  the  tall  grass.  Robbins. fired, 
and  "  shot  a  bear  through  the  lights."  He  went  up  to 
him,  and  "  affectionately  "  took  hold  of  his  paw ;  but 
Bruin  resented  the  treatment,  and  it  was  necessary  to 
give  him  another  shot.  The  same  man  caught  seven 
bears  in  five  weeks,  eighty  or  a  hundred  rods  south 
of  his  house,  in  one  log-trap  baited  with  the  entrails 


BEARS.  397 

of  fish.  David  Robbins  caught  five  more  in  the  same 
five  weeks,  within  a  few  rods  of  the  same  spot.  At  a 
much  later  date,  Ezekiel  Hagar,  from  Concord,  Mass., 
after  living  in  the  west  part  of  the  town  about  twenty- 
five  years,  said  that  he  had  killed  forty.  Some  he 
caught  in  a  large  steel  trap;  others  he  shot  in  corn- 
fields ;  and,  with  ,the  assistance  of  a  faithful  dog,  he 
took  others  in  dens.  He  would  set  in  different  places 
small  sap-troughs,  into  which  he  would  pour  New 
England  rum,  of  which  the  bears  were  as  fond  as 
topers.  To  make  the  rum  more  palatable,  he  would 
even  sweeten  it.  Two  small  cubs  were  taken  by  him 
and  sold  to  Rufus  Gillmor,  who  kept  them  till  the  fol- 
lowing autumn.  They  were  commonly  confined  in  a 
pen.  When  occasionally  let  out,  they  would  climb 
the  willows  east  of  his  house.  Once,  when  N.  Rob- 
bins,  Esq.,  being  highway-surveyor,  was  carrying  a- 
keg  of  rum  to  the  men  at  work,  they  came  down  from 
the  treeg,  hugged  the  keg,  and  licked  it ;  and  he  was 
obliged  to  call  for  help  to  take  them  off*  and  shut  them 
up.  A  traveller  took  them  to  Boston.  A  shooting- 
match  was  made ;  they  were  taken  to  Dorchester 
Heights;  a  fee  was  exacted  for  each  shot;  they  were 
placed  at  a  great  distance ;  —  and  there  they  were 
killed. 

Jessa  Robbins  says,  that,  on  a  Sunday  morning,  John 
Butler,  then  a  young  man,  living  at  the  Mill  Farm, 
called  to  him  across  the  pond  to  bring  him  some  fire, 
as  he  had  none,  and  no  gunpowder  to  enable  him  to 
get  any.  After  he  had  gone  over,  and  had  begun 
to  assist  Butler  in  kindling  it,  an  object  was  discovered 
swimming  from  Hills  Point  towards  the  other  shore. 
Taking  an  axe,  they  hastened  to  the  boat,  threw  into 
it  a  few  stones,  and  plied  the  paddles.  At  first  it  was 
thought  it  might  be  a  loon ;  but,  as  they  approached 
it,  they  discovered  it  to  be  a  bear  swimming  towards 
Philip  Robbins's  cow-pasture,  which  was  on  the  south 
side  of  the  river,  where  it  enters  the  pond.  Hogs  were 
in  the  pasture ;  and  a  gentle,  steady  breeze,  blowing 
from  that  quarter,  had  probably  been  snuffisd  by  the 
34* 


898  ZOOLOGICAL  HISTORY. 

bear,  and  led  him  to  make  a  movement  for  a  dinner  of 
pork.  Jessa  Robbins  and  John  Butler  shouted,  and 
thus  aroused  Philip  Robbins's  family.  The  bear  was 
alarrned,  and  put  forth  all  his  strength  to  reach  the 
land.  Robbins  and  Butler  redoubled  their  exertions, 
and  it  became  a  race  between  them  and  Bruin.  The 
bear,  however,  was  intercepted  about  five  or  six  rods 
from  the  shore.  Robbins  sprang  to  the  bow  of  the 
boat,  and,  with  the  axe  raised,  was  about  to  strike 
him  ;  but  he  was  dissuaded  from  it  by  Butler,  who 
was  afraid,  if  the  blow  should  not  be  fatal,  that  Bruin 
would  attack  the  boat,  and  their  lives  be  endangered. 
Bruin  was  terribly  enraged.  He  growled,  and  ground 
his  teeth ;  but,  finding  he  could  not  be  permitted  to 
land,  he  turned  towards  the  island.  He  crossed  it 
from  the  north  end  to  the  south,  and  again  entered  the 
water  to  swim  to  the  shore.  Here  he  was  intercepted 
by  Philip  Robbins's  boat,  and  obliged  to  return  to  the 
island.  No  alternative  now  remained  for  him  but  to 
climb  one  of  the  seven  trees.  He  went  to  the  foot  of 
a  large  dead  pine ;  and,  after  deliberately  seating  him- 
self, and  looking  towards  the  top,  he  made  a  leap  up 
the  tree.  He  hugged  it,  holding  on  to  the  sides  with 
his  paws  and  claws,  and  climbed ;  using  sometimes  his 
legs,  at  other  times  taking  hold  of  the  limbs  with 
his  teeth,  till  he  went  up  nearly  to  the  top.  After 
seven  or  eight  discharges  of  a  gun,  the  bear  fell  dead 
at  the  bottom  of  the  tree.^ 

John  Butler  was  a  fleet  runner,  and  often  said  that 
he  could  outrun  any  bear.  An  opportunity  occurred 
to  put  him  to  the  test.  He  treed  three  cubs  on  a  tall 
pine  which  stood  on  the  hill-side  back  of  Hart's  house. 
The  barking  of  his  dog,  and  his  hallooing  "  A  bear !  a 
bear!"  were  heard  by  Jessa  Robbins  and  others  on 
the  other  side  of  the  pond.      They,  with  their  dogs, 

*  Mrs.  Mero  says  the  occurrence  was  within  three,  or  at  most  four, 
years  after  her  father  moved  into  Stirlington ;  and  that  he,  being  at 
Warren  the  day  before,  did  not  come  home  till  that  morning.  "When 
he  heard  the  firing,  he  hurried  as  fast  as  possible,  expecting  the  enemy 
had  come.     She  also  differs  as  to  some  of  the  details. 


BEARS.  899 

hastened  to  the  spot.  The  cubs  were  very  high.  The 
balls,  which  were  too  small  for  the  bores  of  the  guns, 
did  not  seem  to  produce  any  effect.  After  firing 
several  times,  Robbins  proceeded  to  climb  the  tree. 
As  he  was  going  up,  he  found  that  one  of  the  young 
bears  had  been  seriously  wounded.  On  climbing 
nearer,  the  three  ran  out  on  one  limb.  He  went  out 
on  the  limb  next  below,  till  he  came  to  a  bend  in  the 
upper  limb,  which  then  struck  off  in  a  different  direc- 
tion from  the  one  on  which  he  was  standing.  Being 
thus  prevented  from  getting  any  nearer,  he  took  a  large 
jackknife,  and,  resting  his  chest  against  the  upper  limb, 
reached  his  hand  as  far  as  hcx could,  to  cut  it  off.  The 
limb  being  borne  down  by  the  weight  of  the  cubs,  he 
had  cut  but  partly  through  it,  when  it  suddenly  cracked 
and  broke.  As  the  bears  jumped,  the  stub  part  of  it 
sprang  back  against  Robbins,  and  "  knocked  the  breath 
out  of  his  body."  One  of  the  bears  was  killed  by 
clubs,  as  soon  as  it  reached  the  ground.  Another 
was  treed,  about  half  a  mile  off,  by  the  dogs,  and  shot. 
The  third  one,  which  had  been  seriously  wounded,  fell 
into  the  top  of  a  leaning  tree,  and,  what  was  very  un- 
common, ran  head  foremost  to  the  ground.  He  started 
off  over  the  hill,  and  Butler  after  him.  "  Each  did  his 
best."  For  a  few  minutes,  they  went  as  fast  as  their 
legs  would  carry  them.  But,  as  neither  of  the  dogs 
happened  to  follow  with  Butler,  the  young  bear 
escaped.  Butler's  companions  laughed  at  him  and 
teased  him  a  good  deal,  because  he  had  so  often 
bragged  that  he  could  outrun  any  bear ;  and  yet,  when 
it  came  to  the  test,  he  had  been  beaten  in  the  race  by 
a  lame  or  wounded  young  cub.  Jessa  Robbins  says, 
in  justice  to  Butler,  however,  it  ought  to  be  added,  that 
on  level  ground  he  was  probably  as  fleet  as  Bruin ;  and, 
if  he  had  not  been  obliged  to  climb  a  hill  in  the  race, 
he  would  have  been  the  victor. 

John  Butler's  dog  treed  a  bear  very  near  the  pond, 
on  land  now  owned  by  Lyman  Alden.  Butler  heard 
the  barking,  and  hastened  to  the  tree.  Philip  Robbins 
and  his  son  Jessa  Robbins,  on  the  other  side  of  the 


400  ZOOLOGICAL  HISTORY. 

pond,  heard  Butler  halloo  as  was  usual,  "A  bear!  a 
bear  I  bring  a  gun."  Accordingly,  they  took  their  guns 
and  dog,  and  put  off  in  their  boat  to  go  to  his  aid.. 
The  dog,  knowing  what  was  at  stake,  stood  at  the 
bow  of  the  boat,  and,  the  moment  it  was  near  enough, 
jumped  on  shore,  and  thus  shoved  the  boat  back.  On- 
coming to  the  shore  again,  .Jessa  Robbins  jumped,  and 
the  boat  was  again  pushed  back.  Philip  Robbins 
called  to  his  son,  and  told  him  not  to  fire  till  he  came. 
The  son  hastened  to  find  Butler.  Shortly,  on  looking 
round,  he  saw  his  father  raising  his  gun  and  seeking  a 
good  opportunity  to  aim  and  fire.  Jessa  Robbins,  being 
six  or  eight  rods  nearer,  raised  his  gun  and  shot  Bruin 
through  the  vitals.  The  bear  fell  dead  to  the  ground. 
Although  he  was  killed,  the  father  was  a  little  vexed 
that  he  should  have  been  so  adroitly  deprived  of  the 
satisfaction  of  doing  it.  "  Jess !  Jess ! "  he  exclaimed, 
"  did  I  not  tell  you  not  to  fire  till  I  came  ?  "  "  Oh, 
yes  I "  coolly  replied  the  son  ;  "  but,  father,  I  was  afraid 
you  would  not  hit  him." 

Not  long  after  the  town  was  incorporated,  there  was 
a  field  of  corn  on  Simmons's  hill.  The  bears  made 
such  havoc  that  it  was  feared  they  would  destroy  it 
all.  Guns  were  borrowed  in  all  parts  of  the  town, 
and  set  round  the  field.  Among  them  was  a  long 
kings-arm,  owned  by  Samuel  Hills,  which  was  loaded 
for  the  occasion  with  two  iron  slugs,  one  about  an 
inch  and  a  half,  and  the  other  about  three  inches,  in 
length.  In  the  evening,  the  people,  listening  atten- 
tively, as  was  usual  when  guns  were  set,  heard  a  heavy 
discharge.  On  going  to  the  field,  it  was  found  that  it 
was  from  Hills's  piece,  and  that  the  bear  was  gone. 
The  next  movement  was  to  get  dogs  and  follow  him. 
Jason  Robbins  had  taken  part  in  setting  the  guns; 
and  immediately,  though  it  was  before  midnight,  he 
went  to  Mero's  and  Josiah  Robbins's  for  assistance. 
Richard  Cummings  and  Nathaniel  Robbins  turned 
out ;  and  from  the  place  where  John  P.  Robbins  now 
lives,  they  "  struck  west "  into  the  woods,  intending  to 
keep  the  dogs  with  them  and  be  quiet  till  morning. 


BEARS.  401 

They  had  gone  but  a  short  distance  when  the  dogs 
"  set  up  a  terrible  yelling."  They  had  found  the  bear ; 
and  it  was  a  huge  one.  Neither  of  the  men  had  a 
gun ;  for  all  the  guns  in  town  were  around  the  cornfield. 
Accordingly,  with  their  jackknives  they  cut  cudgels ; 
and  remained,  and  kept  their  dogs,  near  the  bear. 
When  daylight  came,  Jason  Robbins,  who  could  go  to 
the  guns  without  hazard,  took  one  from  the  field  and 
despatched  him.  Both  slugs  were  in  his  body.  He 
could  not  travel  well,  though  he  would  fight  the  dogs 
furiously.  When  shot,  he  was  in  a  guUey.  It  was 
necessary  to  drag  him  out,  so  as  to  manage  him  to 
advantage.  All  present  took  hold  of  him.  The  dogs 
inserted  their  teeth  into  Bruin's  hide,  pulled  with  great 
strength  and  with  as  much  zeal  as  their  masters.  He 
was  then  carried  on  poles  to  the  cleared  land,  and 
"  dressed." 

When  Capt.  George  West,  about  the  year  1795, 
lived  on  the  hill  afterward  owned  by  Capt.  Bachelor, 
his  cattle  frequently  swam  the  river  to  browse  and  feed 
on  the  Robbins  Neck.  One  evening,  just  before  dark,  all 
except  a  very  fat  beef-cow  came  home  in  a  great  fright. 
It  seems  that  a  bear  had  killed  the  cow  on  the  brink 
of  the  river,  exactly  opposite  to  West's  house,  and  the 
other  creatures  had  escaped.  It  was  obvious  that  the 
bear  was  then  on  the  Neck.  The  alarm  was  given, 
and  the  Philistines  prepared  to  come,  down  upon  him. 
Men  assembled  the  next  morning ;  and  several  of  them 
stationed  themselves  at  short  distances  from  each  other 
on  the  west  side  of  the  river,  to  intercept  him  where  he 
would  be  likely  to  cross  it.  A  party  was  sent  on  to  the 
Neck  to  stir  him  up.  Samuel  Martin,  maintaining  that 
the  bear  would  go  as  far  as  he  could  on  the  land  before 
he  "  took  to  the  water,"  stationed  himself  near  the  outlet 
of  Bowker  Brook.  After  a  time,  he  saw  Bruin  on  the 
Neck  across  the  river.  The  distance  was  immense  for 
a  shot  to  take  effect ;  but,  thinking  it  his  last  chance,  he 
fired.  The  bear,  however,  "  made  off","  and  crossed  the 
river  within  a  rod  or  two  of  Capt.  Tobey,  who,  being 
more  of  a  sailor  than  a  hunter,  did  not  think  to  fire  at 


402  ZOOLOGICAL   HISTORY. 

him.  Thus  Bruin  got  safe  into  the  meadow,  where 
several  persons  were  making  hay.  All  started  after 
him  upon  the  run ;  "  Old  Uncle  Sam  Hills,"  then  a 
comparatively  young  man,  chasing  him  with  a  rake. 
Bruin,  however,  escaped.  The  party  came  back  to 
West's  tavern  "  to  get  something  to  drink,"  provoked 
with  Martin  for  firing,  and  with  Tobey  for  not  firing ; 
and  "  poking  fun "  at  them  both.  Martin,  however, 
insisted  that  when  he  fired  he  saw  the  bear  plunge^ 
forward.  Many  words  passed,  and  many  jokes  were^ 
cracked  at  the  expense  of  Martin  and  Tobey,  till  itt 
was  finally  agreed  to  go  to  the  spot  where  the  bean 
was  when  Martin  fired.  It  appeared  that  Martin  was 
correct  in  his  statement.  One  of  the  bear's  large  teethj^ 
which  the  ball  had  knocked  out,  was  picked  up,  and 
his  course  to  the  river  was  tracked  by  the  blood.  Some 
days  afterward.  Bruin  was  scented  by  his  carcass,  and 
found  dead  in  the  vicinity  of  Muddy  Pond ;  the  ball 
having  passed  through  the  mouth,  and  cut  off"  the 
tongue. 

At  a  later  period,  Adam  Martin,  of  German  origin,! 
who  lived  in  Union,  near  Waldoborough  line,  was  in^ 
the  woods  at  work  with  an  axe  early  in  the  spring. 
Hearing  the  bellowing  of  a  creature,  he  ran  and  found 
a  bear  killing  it.  The  bear  saw  him,  and  stopped.? 
Martin  and  Bruin  stood,  and  looked  at  each  other 
ferociously.  But>  as  neither  succeeded  in  looking  the 
other  out  of  countenance,  Martin  struck  his  axe  upon 
a  hollow  log  to  intimidate  his  enemy.  Bruin  resented 
it;  and,  in  a  state  of  great  exasperation,  hastened 
toward  him.  Martin  ran ;  but,  finding  the  bear  gain 
on  him,  he  sprang  up  into  a  tree  so  small  that  the 
bear  could  not  climb  it.  When  Bruin  put  his  paws 
up  against  it,  he  could  almost  touch  him.  .  There 
Martin  had  to  cling,  with  his  legs  drawn  up  to  keep 
out  of  his  reach.  The  bear  went  round  the  tree  and 
snuffed.  He  was  evidently  very  hungry.  Twice  he 
went  away  and  returned.  Martin  became  almost  ex- 
hausted; and  when,  at  the  third  departure,  the  bear 
went  a  little  further,  and  the  view  was  intercepted,? 


SAMBO.  403 

Martin  let  go  his  hold,  dropped  to  the  ground,  and 
ran.  The  same  night,  he  set  a  trap  and  caught  him. 
Martin  said  he  was  never  frightened  before.^ 

Jason  Ware  had  a  small  white  dog,  named  Sambo, 
who  entered  into  the  spirit  of  his  profession  with  even 
more  zeal  than  his  master,  and  who  acquired  great 
reputation  among  the  people  and  hunters  in  this  section 
of  the  country  for  his  skill  and  success.  In  one  sea- 
son. Sambo  assisted  in  killing  thirteen  bears.  There 
was  no  dog  in  town  quite  equal  to  Sambo.  He  would 
follow  any  person  carrying  a  gun.  If  he  was  wanted, 
it  was  only  necessary  for  him  to  hear  his  name,  and 
he  would  go,  however  far  it  might  be.  He  has  been 
known  to  obey  a  call,  and  run  from  his  kennel  to  the 
Old  Burying  Ground  hill,  whether  his  master  went  or 
not. 

His  method  of  pursuit  was  to  keep  near  Bruin's 
heels,  and  bite  him.  The  bear,  not  pleased  with  such 
strong  attachments  on  the  part  of  Sambo,  would  tum- 
ble over  backwards,  or  turn  about  to  attack  him.  As 
he  was  large  and  clumsy.  Sambo  was  always  able  to 
retreat  a  few  steps,  and  then  he  would  stand  in  secu- 
rity and  watch  the  bear's  motions.  "  As  soon  as  the 
bear  picked  himself  up,  and  began  to  go  ahead  again," 
Sambo  renewed  his  attacks.  The  bear  would  again 
turn,  and  Sambo  again  retreat.  Though  Sambo 
seemed  to  take  much  satisfaction  in  this  mode  of 
travelling,  his  bearship  evidently  was  not  well  pleased. 
He  could  not  get  along  so  fast  as  he  desired.  And, 
more  than  this,  he  was  frequently  delayed  by  Sam- 
bo's remarkable  attention,  tiU  the  gunners  came  near 

*  "I  have  heard  this  story  told  in  one  of  our  grog-shops,  by  one  of 
our  ancient  fathers,  in  native  eloquence  equal  to  that  of  Logan.  This 
patriarch  [David  Robbins]  was  a  large  man,  and  had  been  a  great 
bear-hunter.  He  wore  a  black  overcoat  and  bearskin  socks  ;  his  hair 
and  complexion  peculiarly  favoring  the  occasion.  After  speaking  his 
prologue,  this  orator  walked  round  the  floor  in  a  bear's  gait,  as  Ixe 
supposed  the  bear  went  round  the  tree ;  and  then,  in  imitation  of  the 
bear,  he  turned  up  his  eyes  and  nose,  and,  after  exhibiting  a  ghastly 
grin  and  making  a  frightful  growl,  he  snuffed  like  the  bear  to  smell 
the  German."  —  MS.  Letter. 


404  ZOOLOGICAL  HISTORY. 

enough  to  shoot  him ;  or  was  so  overcome  by  it  that 
he  would  be  obliged  to  take  leave  of  Sambo  and  climb 
a  tree. 

Elisha  Partridge  was  paddling  his  boat  up  the  river 
above  Round  Pond  one  evening,  and,  by  the  bright 
moonlight,  saw  an  old  bear  munching  acorns  on  the 
point  of  land  on  the  east  side.  He  wljistled  for  Sam- 
bo, whose  kennel  was  not  far  distant.  Sambo  sprang 
out,  ran  furiously  down  to  the  river,  and  at  the  first 
bound  went  half-way  across  the  channel.  He  was 
immediately  at  the  bear's  heels,  drove  him  up  the 
river,  and  treed  him  on  a  pine  which  stood  on  the 
Robbins  Neck,  not  far  from  the  barn  now  owned  by 
Hugh  S.  Gordon.  He  was  watched  till  morning, 
when  he  was  found  to  be  very  large,  and  to  have 
climbed  only  about  twenty  feet  from  the  ground.  He 
was  fired  at.  The  ball  struck  him  in  the  breast,  but 
too  low  to  wound  the  heart.  Bruin  then  went  up  the 
tree  about  sixty  feet.  He  was  fired  at  and  wounded 
several  times.  Finally,  a  ball  was  shot  through  his 
heart.  He  fell  dead  to  the  ground,  breaking  and  clear- 
ing every  limb  in  his  way. 

But,  alas !  poor  Sambo !  His  end  was  tragical.  In 
March,  he  went,  with  Joseph  Meservey  and  others, 
into  the  Medomac  country  ±o  hunt.  The  men,  having 
ousted  a  bear  from  his  den,  thought  it  best,  availing 
themselves  of  Sambo's  assistance,  to  drive  him  toward 
horne,  instead  of  killing  him  at  once  and  carrying  or 
hauling  him.  When  they  had  gone  some  distance, 
and  were  crossing  Appleton  Ridge,  the  dog,  in  at- 
tempting to  leap  back  after  biting  the  bear's  legs,  as 
the  snow  was  deep  and  soft,  came  in  contact  with  a 
tree.  Bruin  struck  him  with  his  paW,  knocking  him 
up  into  the  air ;  and,  as  he  came  down,  hit  him  again. 
Meservey  wrapped  him  in  his  blanket,  and  brought 
him  home;  but  he  was  about  dead.  Thus  fell  poor 
Sambo,  a  martyr  to  the  cause  of  bear-hunting.  No 
record  remains  of  his  obsequies ;  no  marble  monument 
points  out  his  resting-place ;  no  epitaph  records  his 
valorous  deeds.     He  was  probably  buried  like  a  dog. 


BEARS.  4(^ 


MRS.  HART  AND  THE  BEAR-TRAP. 

Sometimes  the  alarms  from  bears  led  to  ludicrous, 
and  at  other  times  to  painful,  results.  In  1794,  when 
the  men  had  gone  to  a  military  training,  and  the  only 
persons  at  South  Union,  except  little  children  and  Her- 
vey  Maxcy,  who  was  about  ten  years  old,  were  Mrs. 
William  Hart,  Mrs.  Josiah  Maxcy,  and  Mrs.  Joseph 
Maxcy,  they  were  disturbed  by  the  squealing  of  hogs. 
As  the  noise  was  loud  and  continued  long,  the  women 
came  to  the  conclusion  that  the  hogs  must  be  attacked 
by  a  bear,  and  resolutely  went  out  against  him.  They 
found  the  old  porker  and  her  two  young  ones  dangling 
in  the  air,  and  squealing  so  loud  that  they  might  be 
heard  one  or  two  miles.  The  swine  had  been  caught 
in  a  bear-trap,  which  had  teeth  or  spikes  as  long  as 
one's  finger.  It  had  been  so  fastened  to  a  bent  tree, 
that,  when  it  was  sprung,  the  tree,  with  the  suspended 
trap,  would  return  to  its  natural  position.  The  women 
bent  down  the  tree,  two  of  them  with  their  feet  pressed 
upon  the  springs;  and  the  two  pigs  jumped  out  and 
ran  off.  But  the  old  porker  could  not  get  away  so 
easily.  The  teeth  of  the  trap  had  penetrated  under 
the  cords.  Mrs.  Hart  undertook,  when  the  other 
women  were  pressing  down  the  springs,  to  open  the 
jaws  of  the  trap,  and  release  the  animal.  She  suc- 
ceeded ;  but,  just  at  that  moment,  the  jaws  were 
sprung  together,  and  caught  her  by  both  hands.  The 
long  teeth  or  spikes  penetrated  them,  and  the  scars  of 
the  wounds  are  visible  to  this  day. 


35 


#0$  ZOOLOGICAL  HISTORY. 


CHAPTER    XLIX. 

ZOOLOGICAL   HISTORY. 

(^Contifiued.) 

Wolves.  —  Wolf  Hunt.  —  Cat-vaughan.  —  Foxes.  —  Personal  Expe- 
rience. —  Fox  seized  by  Asa  Messer.  —  Beavers.  —  Raccoons.  — 
Musquash.  —  Minks,  Sables,  and  Loup-cervier.  —  Weasel. 

WOLVES. 

The  wolves  in  this  part  of  the  country  seem  to  have 
had  their  principal  head-quarters  in  the  dense,  gloomy, 
and  almost  impenetrable  forest  along  the  seashore 
between  the  St.  George's  and  the  Muscongus  Elvers. 
There  they  suckled  and  reared  their  whelps  in  low 
ledges  and  dens.  Thence  they  went  forth  on  their 
"  long  gallop  "  to  a  great  distance,  ranging  and  prowl- 
ing through  the  wilderness  and  the  new  settlements, 
and  making  night  hideous  with  their  bowlings.  In 
early  times  they  were  numerous  and  saucy;  bold 
when  famishing,  but  generally  sneaking  from  danger ; 
and  howling  piteously  and  imploringly  when  caught 
alive.  They  were  carnivorous,  but  would  eat  vegetables, 
and  in  winter  have  been  known  to  feed  on  sumach- 
berries.  They  were  very  fond  of  the  sheep  of  the 
early  settlers ;  but  they  would  on  an  emergency  accept 
poultry.  Young  colts  and  calves  were  not  exempts, 
and  they  have  sometimes  attacked  swine.  Seldom 
were  any  seen  in  Union  on  the  east  side  of  the  river. 
Farmers  surrounded  their  barn-yards  with  fences  of 
long  poles  placed  perpendicularly  and  contiguously, 
and  pinned  or  spiked  on  transverse  poles  or  joists,  to 
keep  these  thieves  from  their  herds  and  flocks.  In 
summer,  light  fences  were  made  in  the  woods,  with 
gaps  at  the  wolves'  paths.  A  log  was  laid  across 
each  of  these  openings,  and  a  trap  set  so  that  when 
the  wolf  stepped  over  the  stick  he  would  put  his- foot 
upon  the  trencher.     These  animals  were  also  shot, 


WOLVES.  40Y 

and  baited  and  caught  in  steel-traps  and  wood-traps. 
The  reputation  gained  by  killing  a  wolf;  the  bounty 
of  four  pounds  for  every  grown  wolf,  and  one  pound 
for  every  wolPs  whelp ;  sweet  revenge  for  losses  of 
sheep,  swine,  and  poultry ;  and  the  excitement  of  hunt- 
ing,—  kept  up  a  perpetual  and  implacable  warfare,  and 
thinned  their  number.  Large  parties,  from  time  to 
time,  scoured  the  woods  to  kill  them. 

WOLF  HUNT. 

About  the  year  1820,  late  in  the  fall,  a  general  wolf- 
hunt  was  announced  through  several  towns  in  the 
vicinity.  At  the  appointed  time,  there  was  as  large  a 
gathering  as  at^a  military  muster.  With  guns,  dogs, 
and  ammunition,  the  men  from  several  towns  met  at 
Trowbridge's  Tavern,  on  the  Warren  and  Waldobo^ 
rough  post-road.  Joseph  Farley,  Esq.,  of  Waldo- 
borough,  was  chosen  headman.  As  his  health  was 
poor,  instead  of  going 'on  foot,  he  rode  and  gave 
directions,  and  he  entered  with  great  zeal  upon  the 
expedition.  Nathaniel  Robbins,  Esq.,  of  Union,  took 
a  position  about  half-way  between  the  St.  George's 
and  the  Medomac  Rivers.  The  men  stretched  out  on 
his  right  and  left,  each  one  in  sight  of  his  right-hand 
and  left-hand  man,  till  the  cordon  extended  from  river 
to  river.  Robbins  had  a  surveyor  with  him.  The 
orders  to  him  were  to  run  a  south  course  till  he  struck 
the  salt  w^ater.  As  it  was  afternoon,  it  was  agreed  to 
camp  on  the  road  between  the  Narrows  at  Thomaston 
and  Broad-bay  on  the  Medomac.  There,  along  the 
whole  route, — a  distance  of  probably  eight  miles, — 
fires  were  built  so  near  to  each  other  that  a  wolf  could 
not  pass  between  them  without  being  seen ;  and,  what 
would  frighten  the  wolves  back,  a  tumultuous  noise  of 
firing  and  hooting  was  kept  up  all  night.  The  next 
day  the  party  went  through  to  the  salt  water,  and  even 
down  to  the  clam-beds.  Not  a  wolf  was  seen  by  any 
of  them.  If  any  secreted  themselves,  they  were  exter- 
minated by  a  terrific  fire,  which  swept  through  the 
forest,  in  a  very  dry  season,  not  many  years  afterward. 


40^  ZOOLOGICAL  HISTORY. 

CAT-VAUGHAN,  OR  CATAMOUNT  [?]. 

In  1777  or  1778,  Richard  Cummings  and  Jessa 
Robbins  went  beyond  Crawford's  Pond,  near  to  Mil- 
ler's present  residence,  to  hunt.  Their  three  dogs  set 
up  a  violent  barking,  and  treed  a  wild-cat,  or  "  cat- 
vaughan ; "  an  animal,  however,  which  seemed  to  differ 
somewhat  from  a  wild-cat.  It  was  about  as  large  as 
a  middle-sized  dog,  and  had  very  sharp  claws  and 
very  heavy  teeth.  Cummings  and  Robbins  were  short 
of  ammunition  ;  for  "powder  was  one  dollar  a  pound, 
and  hard  to  be  got  at  that."  Robbins  said  he  believed 
he  would  go  up  and  get  her.  Accordingly,  he  swung 
his  club  on  his  back,  and  began  to  climb.  As  he 
approached  the  animal,  she  growled  and  "spit"  at 
him,  and,  from  time  to  time,  gave  indications  of  an 
inclination  to  attack  him.  Robbins  took  his  club,  and 
kept  up  a  noise  by  pounding  on  the  tree  as  he  ascend- 
ed. She  receded  from  him,  and  went  out  on  a  limb  so 
far  that  he  could  not  quite  reach  her  with  his  club.  He 
then  began  to  shake  the  limb  violently,  and  she  jumped. 
The  moment  she  touched  the  ground,  Cummings,  with 
his  club  and  the  three  dogs,  pounced  upon  and  killed 
her.  The  scientific  name  of  the  animal  is  not  known. 
Old  hunters  told  Robbins  that  his  was  a  very  hazard- 
ous undertaking. 

FOXES. 

Formerly,  foxes  were  very  numerous.  About  the 
years  1816  and  1817,  their  tracks  were  so  thick  on 
Capt.  Barrett's  land,  on  the  east  side  of  Seven  Brook 
opposite  to  Hills'  Mills,  that,  sometimes  after  a  light 
snow,  the  fields  appeared  as  if  they  had  been  r9,ced 
over  by  sheep.  Then  a  good  skin  was  sold  for  one 
dollar.  Men  and  boys  hunted,  and  set  traps.  They 
enjoyed  the  excitement,  and  did  not  object,  when 
they  had  skins,  to  take  the  money  for  them.  Every-' 
body  was  talking  about  foxes,  boasting  of  the  number 
he  had  shot  and  denned  and  trapped;  and  describing, 
sometimes  in  too  strong  language  to  bear  rigid  criti- 
cism, his  various  expedients  to  outwit  Reynard. 


FOXES.  40^ 

Entering  into  the  spirit  which  then  prevailed  among 
the  boys,  the  writer,  just  at  night  when  a  snow-storm 
was  coming  on,  set  his  trap  a  little  beyond  the  brow 
of  the  hill,  east  of  Seven  Brook,  on  his  father's  land. 
On  gcring  as  near  to  the  trap  as  was  expedient,  in  the 
morning  of  the  two  or  three  following  days,  it  seemed 
not  to  have  been  disturbed.  Finally,  as  the  settling 
snow  would  spring  it,  and  thus  alarm  any  foxes  which 
might  be  prowling  about,  a  stick  was  punched  into 
the  fox-bed.  The  trap  was  gone.  The  excitement 
became  intense.  A  movement  was  made  toward  the 
woods.  Sir  Reynard  heard  the  noise,  and  was  soon 
discovered  springing  and  making  great  exertions  to  get 
through  or  over  a  brush-fence  which  the  hooks  on  the 
end  of  the  trap's  chain  had  prevented  him  from  passing. 
He  was  speedily  pounced  upon  and  made  prisoner. 
In  trying  to  release  himself,  he  had  gnawed  through 
the  skin  and  flesh,  and  broken  every  bone  in  the  leg 
by  which  he  was  caught.  He  was  held  by  nothing 
but  a  single  cord,  and  wdth  a  few  bites  he  might 
have  severed  this  and  set  himself  at  liberty. 

When  taken,  he  feigned  sleep,  and  in  this  condition 
was  carried  a  quarter  of  a  mile  or  more  to  the  kitchen. 
Here  he  opened  his  eyes  upon  such  a  scene  as  he  had 
never  beheld.  Before  him  were  the  culinary  implements 
pertaining  to  civilized  life.  Whether  his  foxship  would 
have  preferred  a  luxurious  mode  of  living  to  the  irregu- 
lar course  to  which  he  had  been  accustomed,  or  a 
chicken  "with  fixens"  to  one  without  them,  is  left  to 
conjecture,  as  he  was  not  consulted.  His  head,  up  to 
his  ears,  was  plunged  into  a  pail  of  water.  The  skin  was 
taken  off  and  stuffed  with  hay.  A  peculiar  sensation 
was  experienced  when  a  few  months  afterward  it  was 
removed  from  the.  nail  on  the  rough  stud  by  the  garret- 
window,  and  parted  with  to  a  tin-peddler  for  one  bright 
silver  dollar.  Such  is  the  history  of  the  only  fox  which 
the  writer  ever  had  any  part  in  trapping  or  killing. 
Hundreds  of  miles  has  he  travelled,  and  hundreds  of 
hours  has  he  spent,  with  his  gun  and  traps;  though, 
with  the  exception  just  mentioned,  his  nearest  ap- 
35* 


410  ZOOLOGICAL  HISTORY. 

proach  to  success  was  that  he  once  had  a  "glorious" 
snap  at  a  fox ;  but  the  gun  would  not  go  off. 

Now  for  another  fox-story ;  which,  though  it  may 
seem  improbable,  is  satisfactorily  authenticated.  On 
a  Sunday  morning,  about  the  year  1821  or  1822,  Asa 
Messer  was  going  to  a  ten-acre  cornfield  which  he  had 
planted  on  burnt  land.  Exactly  at  the  corner  of  the 
roads  leading  to  Washington  and  to  Skidm ore's  Mills, 
within  five  or  six  rods  of  the  house  afterward  built  by 
Robert  Pease,  and  within  twenty -five  rods  of  the  corn- 
field, he  saw  and  heard  a  red  squirrel.  It  was  on  a 
spruce,  had  a  piece  of  an  ear  of  corn,  and,  for  so  small 
an  animal,  was  making  a  great  outcry.  As  Messer 
drew  nearer,  he  saw  a  large  fox  on  a  small  knoll,  lying 
flat  on  his  belly,  and  watching  the  squirrel  with  in- 
tense interest.  The  squirrel  kept  descending  toward 
him,  and  chippering  and  running  back.  A  large  white 
birch  stood  three  or  four  feet  from  the  fox,  and  nearly 
in  a  range  with  Messer.  Messer  stealthily  crept  up  to 
the  birch.  The  attention  of  the  fox,  with  his  back 
toward  Messer,  was  entirely  engaged  in  watching  the 
squirrel,  whose  repeated  attempts  to  come  down  had 
been  for  some  time  tantalizing  him.  After  looking 
round  once  or  twice  from  behind  the  tree,  Messer  con- 
cluded to  make  an  attempt  to  jump  on  him  and  seize 
him.  He  sprang.  Reynard,  taken  completely  by  sur- 
prise while  licking  his  chops  and  watching  the  squirrel, 
did  not  attempt  to  run,  but  squalled  and  rolled  over  upon 
his  back.  >  Messer's  feet  and  hands  struck  the  ground 
exactly  where  the  fox  lay ;  but,  in  rolling  over,  the  fox 
had  moved  a  foot  or  two.  In  an  instant  he  seized 
him  by  the  neck.  Reynard,  however,  soon  came  to 
his  senses.  Messer  picked  up  a  stick,  one  end  of 
which  had  become  rotten,  and  attempted  to  strike  him. 
Twice  Reynard  seized  the  stick  with  his  jaws,  and 
broke  it  off.  With  the  remaining  part,  which  was 
short  but  harder,  Messer  pommelled  him  to  death, 
and  carried  the  carcass  to  Ichabod  Irish,  who  helped 
him  to  skin  it. 

During  the  last  twenty  or   thirty   years,  John  F. 


BEAVERS.  —  RACCOONS.  411 

Hart's  dogs  and  the  zeal  of  hunters  have  been  thinning 
the  foxes  and  driving  them  away.  Now  they  are  very 
scarce. 

BEAVERS. 

It  is  said  that  there  must  have  been  many  beavers 
in  Union  when  it  was  a  wilderness,  and  that  to  them 
the  inhabitants  are  mainly  indebted  for  the  meadows. 
As  their  dams,  one  after  another,  have  decayed  and 
been  destroyed,  meadow-grass  has  grown  where  there 
was  none  when  the  ground  was  flowed.  Be  this  as  it 
may,  there  is  no  doubt  that  there  were  beaver-settle- 
ments on  the  meadow  at  the  north  end  of  Seven-tree 
Pond  and  in  other  places.  Within  the  recollection  of 
the  early  inhabitants,  a  very  few  beavers  have  been 
killed  at  Muddy  Pond.  The  barrier,  more  than  forty 
rods  long  and  from  two  to  six  feet  high,  which  extends 
from  Vinal  Ware's  land  on  the  north  side  of  Round 
Pond  to  St.  George's  River,  is  the  work  of  beavers ;  the 
bottom  probably  having  been  made  of  logs,  and  fas- 
tened by  them,  till  the  dam,  which  made  the  meadows 
on  the  north  of  it,  was  completed.  Samuel  Boggs,  of 
Warren,  availing  himself  of  the  circumstance  that 
these  animals  always  hasten  to  repair  their  dams 
when  broken,  made  a  breach  in  it,  set  his  trap  there, 
and  caught  one.  The  river  at  that  time,  down  which 
logs  were  rafted,  entered  the  pond  twenty  or  thirty 
rods  east  of  the  place  where  it  now  does ;  and  hay  is 
carted  over  the  old  channel,  while  the  little  opening 
made  by  Boggs  has  become  the  main  outlet.  The 
singular  circumstance  may  be  added,  that,  as  late  as 
the  time  of  the  incorporation  of  the  town,  the  water  of 
Round  Pond  extended  to  the  beaver-dam ;  and  it  was 
not  till  the  present  century  that  hay  was  cut  south 
of  it. 

RACCOONS. 

Raccoons  were  plenty.  Phinehas  Butler  shot  one 
on  the  top  of  the  old  camp  at  South  Union.  In  cut- 
ting a  road  to  the  Medomac  Meadows,  forty  were 
taken  or  killed  in  the  course  of  a  few  days.     One  man 


412  ZOOLOGICAL  HISTORY. 

caught  forty  in  one  season.  He  took  nine  in  one 
hollow  log  or  in  dens  in  three  different  years,  and 
seven  at  another  time.  The  flesh  was  palatable ;  and 
their  skins,  about  the  year  1815,  were  sold  for  about 
one  dollar  each. 

MUSQUASH. 

Musquash  abounded  in  the  streams  and  meadows. 
Amariah  Mero  took  sixteen  out  of  one  hole.  When  Dr. 
Sibley  resided  on  the  farm  south  of  the  Old  Burying 
Ground,  he  shot  and  caught  in  traps  fifty-one  in  one 
season.  When  they  were  drowned  out  of  their  nests 
by  a  freshet,  William  Hart  would  take  some  man  with 
him,  row  along  the  rivers  and  meadows,  and  bring 
home  a  back-load  of  them.  Their  fleeh  was  not  eaten, 
except  in  cases  of  oppressive  want;  but  their  skins 
commanded  a  fair  price,  at  a  time  when  hats  were 
manufactured  of  fur. 

MINKS,  SABLES,  AND  LOUP-CERVIER. 

Minks  and  sables  were  hunted,  the  former  with 
success.  Some  twenty -five  or  thirty  years  ago.  Story 
Thompson  killed  a  loup-cervier  near  Mr.  Stewart's. 

WEASEL. 

Thirty  or  thirty-five  years  ago,  a  weasel  was  in  the 
habit  of  coming  to  the  premises  of*  Dr.  Sibley,  imme- 
diately after  he  assumed  his  white  winter  dress,  and 
remaining  till  the  color  of  it  was  changing  the  next 
spring.  He  became  quite  tame,  but  would  never  al- 
low himself  to  be  touched  with  the  hand.  During  his 
sojourn  at  the  house,  he  was  an  exterminator  of  the 
rats  and  of  all  the  mice  which  came  in  his  way.  He 
became  mischievous  at  last  among  fresh-meat,  eggs, 
and  the  like,  and  finally  disappeared,  after  having 
spent  four,  five,  or  six  winters  on  the  premises. 


DUCKS.  —  WILD   PIGEONS.  413 


CHAPTER    L. 

ZOOLOGICAL   HISTORY. 
t 

(^Continued.') 

Ducks.  —  Wild  Pigeons.  —  Loons.  —  Crows  and  Blackbirds.  — 
Hunting  Matches. 

DUCKS. 

In  early  times,  ducks  were  very  plenty.  They^were 
not  much  hunted,  as  there  were  but  few  inhabitants, 
and  they  had  but  little  time  to  go  after  them.  Ammu- 
nition, too,  was  scarce  and  dear.  Wood-ducks  came 
in  flocks  of  thirty  or  forty.  Towards  night,  they  would 
go  to  the  land  to  get  acorns  and  other  food.  At  low 
water,  there  was  a  sandy  beach  two  or  three  rods  wide 
on  the  margin  of  Seven-tree  Pond,  at  the  line  dividing 
Josiah  Robbins's  farm  from  the  one  on  the  south. 
Robbins  baited  them  there  with  green  corn,  and  caught 
them  in  a  pigeon-net.  It  was  necessary  to  set  the  net 
very  near  to  the  water,  so  as  to  intercept  them ;  for, 
when  alarmed  by  its  springing,  they  always  hurried  in 
that  direction.  Here  Robbins,  having  set  his  net  the 
evening  before,  entered  his  bough-house  before  day- 
break, which  was  the  time  of  their  coming.  During 
one  summer,  when  flax  was  rotting  in  Seven  Brook, 
at  the  stone  bridge  east  of  Dr.  Sibley's,  several  wood- 
ducks  came  to  feed  on  the  seeds.  Some  were  killed. 
Two  or  three  were  wounded  and  caught ;  but  all 
attempts  to  tame  them  were  useless. 

WILD   PIGEONS. 

Many  years  ago,  when  the  country  was  new  and 
rye-fields  were  numerous,  wild  pigeons  came  in  count- 
less multitudes.  It  seemed  as  if  they  were  sent,  like 
the  quails  of  old,  to  relieve  the  wants  of  the  people. 
Early  in  spring,  when  they  flew  high,  flocks  have  been 


414  ZOOLOGICAL   HISTORY. 

seen  so  large  and  long  that  the  two  ends  were  not  in 
sight  at  the  same  time.  Great  numbers  were  caught 
by  all  the  early  settlers.  Sometimes  they  w^ere  salted, 
and  kept  till  winter.  Many  were  taken  on  the  Old 
Burying  Ground  hill.  Nathaniel  Robbins,  Esq.,  re- 
peatedly caught  twenty-five  dozen  at  once.  He  sold 
many  to  General  Knox,  who  kept  them  alive  till  win- 
ter, and  fatted  them.  Jessa  Robbins  caught  thirty 
dozen  and  ten  at  one  haul.  He  sold  them  at  Thomas- 
ton,  mostly  for  eightpence  a  dozen,  which  was  con- 
sidered a  good  price.  Some  he  sold  to  General  Knox, 
when  he  was  examining  the  river,  before  he  moved  to 
Thomaston.  Mrs.  Dunton  says  her  father,  David 
Robbins,  caught  so  many  that  he  was  called  Pigeon 
Robbins.  She  has  known  him  to  take  twenty  dozen 
before  breakfast,  twenty  dozen  after  dinner,  and  twenty 
dozen  more  before  dark,  —  making  sixty  dozen  in  a 
day. 

In  order  to  take  pigeons  by  baiting  them,  the  stubble 
in  a  rye-field  was  entirely  removed ;  and  a  spot  ten  or 
twelve  feet  wide,  and  fifteen  or  eighteen  feet  long,  was 
levelled,  and  made  like  a  carrot-bed.  When  there 
were  no  leafless  small  trees  near,  some  were  cut,  and 
stuck  down  as  stands  for  the  pigeons  to  light  on.  The 
grain,  of  which  there  must  always  be  enough  on  the 
pigeon-bed,  was  laid  along  in  rows.  As,  in  rising  from 
the  bed,  pigeons  always  fly  in  the  direction  of  the 
stands,  the  net  is  set  so  as  to  intercept  them.  A 
bough-house  was  built,  into  which  was  extended  one 
end  of  the  rope  of  the  net.  The  catcher  commonly 
secreted  himself  in  the  bough-house  before  daylight, 
so  as  to  be  in  season.  The  pigeons  came  early,  and 
lighted  on  the  stands.  Sometimes  they  would  sit  an 
hour  before  going  down  to  the  bed.  At  first  one  would 
go  down,  then  two  or  three  more.  Immediately  after- 
ward, nearly  the  whole  flock  would  pour  down.  The 
net  was  then  sprung  by  pulling  the  rope.  Sometimes, 
when  the  flock  was  very  large,  it  was  necessary,  in 
order  to  prevent  the  pigeons  from  raising  the  net  and 
escaping,  to  confine  it  with  stones  or  crotched  sticks. 


'       LOONS.  %      415 

placed  there  for  the  purpose.  The  skulls  were  then 
broken  by  nipping  the  heads  between  the  thumb  and 
finger. 

Many  were  caught  by  hoverers.  A  wild  pigeon  was 
tamed,  which  was  easily  done.  A  bed  was  made. 
The  hoverer  was  tied  down  in  the  middle  of  it,  with 
string  enough  to  let  him  act  freely.  When  a  flock 
passed  over,  wishing  to  join  them  he  would  flutter, 
and  call  them.  Although  there  was  no  bait,  they 
would  be  thus  decoyed.  As  they  would  not  light 
unless  there  was  bait,  the  catcher  was  ready  to  spring 
the  net  upon  the  flock  the  moment  it  struck  down 
where  the  hoverer  was. 

LOONS. 

Loons  have  always  been  numerous,  particularly  in 
Seven-tree  Pond.  Their  legs  are  placed  far  back  on 
the  body,  and  stick  out  behind  like  paddles.  Of  course 
they  cannot  walk  on  the  land.  A  favorite  place  of 
resort  for  them  in  breeding- time  was  the  north  end  of 
the  island.  On  to  this  they  shoved  themselves.  There 
they  laid  their  eggs  and  hatched  their  young.  They 
require  considerable  surface  of  water  to  rise  on  the 
wing,  and  can  never  rise  in  a  calm,  nor  in  any  direction 
except  against  the  wind;  and  sometimes  they  have 
been  known  to  scoot  along  on  the  top  of  the  water  for 
half  a  mile,  and  yet  not  succeed. 

About  the  year  1826,  Nathaniel  Robbins,  jun.,  saw 
two  loons  fighting.  One  would  attack  the  other, 
which  appeared  to  be  the  weaker,  and  the  weaker 
would  immediately  retreat  toward  the  shore.  At  last 
the  weaker  darted  up  to  the  land.  Robbins  ran  about 
knee-deep  into  the  water,  caught  it,  and  carried  it  to 
his  father's.  It  was  kept  a  day  in  the  front  yard,  not 
being  able  to  rise  from  the  ground,  or  even  walk ;  and 
then  it  was  returned  to  the  pond. 

Loons  often  passed  between  Seven-tree  Pond  and 
Round  Pond,  in  the  river.  They  have  the  power  of 
letting  themselves  down  so  low  in  the  water  that 
nothing  but  the  head  will  appear  above  the  surface. 


416  ZOOLOGICAL   HISTORY. 

They  often  do  this  in  small  places.  When  Nathaniel 
Robbins,  Esq.,  was  fishing  for  salmon  with  a  seine, 
these  birds  would  sometimes  enter  the  river  to  go  to 
Round  Pond ;  and,  in  consequence  of  letting  themselves 
down,  they  would  stick-their  heads  into  the  net-work 
below  the  rope.  Their  feathers  being  stiff,  they  could 
not  draw  them  back ;  and,  being  very  muscular,  they 
would  flap  their  small  but  very  strong  wings,  till  they 
wound  up  a  great  part  of  the  seine  into  a  snarl. 
Commonly,  they  do  not  go  in  flocks,  but  in  pairs; 
though  in  Crawford's  Pond  several  have  been  seen 
together.  If  they  halloo  loudly,  it  is  always  regarded 
as  a  sign  of  a  storm. 

John  Jones,  with  a  rifle,  on  the  shore  opposite  the 
house  of  Willard  Robbins,  fired  at  a  loon  which  he 
saw  at  a  great  distance.  The  loon  was  not  wounded, 
and  it  dived.  Upon  rising,  it  halloed,  as  if  in  defiance. 
Jones  stood  still,  and  fired  a  second  time.  Again  the 
loon  went  down,  and  after  a  few  minutes  re-appeared. 
With  each  dive  he  made  great  advances  towards  the 
shore.  He  uttered  another  loud  scream.  As  his  body 
was  sunk  into  the  water,  Jones  fired,  the  third  time,  at 
his  head.  The  ball  struck  very  near  the  eye,  and 
killed  him  instantly. 

CROWS  AND  BLACKBIRDS. 

May  28, 1788,  the  town  voted  to  "  allow  as  a  bounty 
on  crows  eightpence  per  head,  and  one  peimy  for  black- 
birds,'for  all  killed  in  town  by  town-inhabitants  for  the 
year  ensuing.  . . .  June  20, 1803,  voted  that  twenty  cents 
be  given  for  crows  and  five  cents  for  blackbirds.  Voted 
that  the  town-treasurer  be  empowered  to  receive  crows 
and  blackbirds,  and  pay  for  the  same ;  and  that  he  cut 
off'  their  heads."  May  14, 1804,  an  article  "  to  see  if  the 
town  will  allow  a  bounty  for  crows  and  blackbirds, 
striped  and  red  squirrels,"  was  dropped.  No  bounties 
have  been  voted  since. 

Crows  continue  to  be  numerous.  Half  a  century 
after  the  settlement  of  the  town,  flocks  containing 
several  hundreds  would  light  9n  the  hills  and  pastures 


CROWS. — HUNTING   MATCHES.  417 

in  summer,  and  early  in  autumn,  to  feed  on  grasshop- 
pers. They  have  never  been  quite  so  saucy  in  Union 
as  they  have  occasionally  been  in  other  places.  A  few 
years  ago,  in  Hopkinton,  N.  H.,  they  killed  seventeen 
turkeys  in  one  flock,  not  taking  one  daily,  as  a  hawk 
does,  but  destroying  an  entire  brood  at  once.  One 
farmer  in  that  town  discovered,  on  one  of  his  lambs, 
a  crow,  which  had  picked  out  one  eye,  and  was 
thwacking  the  lamb  over  so  as  to  pick  out  the  other. 
A  neighbor  lost  eight  lambs  in  one  spring,  which  were 
undoubtedly  killed  by  them.  Of  some  of  the  lambs 
the  tongues  as  well  as  the  eyes  were  picked  out.  The 
crows  in  the  neighborhood  had  become  very  bold. 
But  in  Union  probably  nothing  of  the  kind  has  oc- 
curred. The  most  which  is  apprehended  from  them  is 
the  injury  they  may  do  in  the  cornfields  ;  and  to  these 
it  is  believed  they  do  no  harm  in  spring,  by  pulling 
up  the  corn,  unless  they  have  young.  When  it  is  con- 
sidered that  it  is  very  easy  to  scare  them  away  at  the 
seasons  of  the  year  when  they  do  mischief,  the  policy 
of  killing  them  may  be  questionable.  They  are  scaven- 
gers and  carrion-eaters,  and  destroy  an  immense  number 
of  insects  and  worms,  which,  without  their  co-opera- 
tion, would  in  time  bring  desolation  on  many  a  rich  field. 

HUNTING  MATCHES. 

When  the  town  was  first  settled,  game  was  plenty ; 
and  for  a  long  time  there  was  one  hunting-match  or 
more  yearly.  Men  who  proposed  to  take  part  met 
and  agreed  on  a  day  to  which  the  hunt  should  be 
restricted,  and  determined  the  comparative  value  of 
different  animals,  according  to  their  scarcity.  A  bear, 
perhaps,  would  count  100,  a  fox  20,  a  racoon  15,  a 
partridge  6,  a  crow  5,  a  grey  squirrel  3,  a  red  squirrel 
2,  a  blackbird  1,  and  so  on.  The  party  then  chose 
two  captains,  and  they  cast  lots  for  the  first  choice. 
After  the  successful  captain  had  selected  a  man,  they 
proceeded  alternately  till  all  present  were  enrolled  in 
the  one  or  the  other  company.  On  the  day  appointed, 
every  man  went  to  hunt.  In  the  evening,  all  came 
36 


418  ZOOLOGICAL   HISTORY. 

together.  The  game  killed  by  each  one  was  counted, 
according  to  the  principles  before  laid  down.  The 
company  which  was  victorious  sat  down  with  the 
other  to  a  supper,  the  expense  of  which  was  paid  by  the 
vanquished.  Sometimes,  instead  of  joining  in  com- 
panies, the  hunters  paired  off  against  each  other,  and 
the  man  who  came  at  night  with  the  least  game  paid 
for  his  rival's  supper.^  Game,  however,  is  now  scarce, 
and  the  old  hunters  are  nearly  all  gone. 


CHAPTEE    LI. 

ZOOLOGICAL    HISTORY. 

(^Concluded.) 

Fish  Laws.  — Salmon.  —  Alewives.  —  Fish-hawks  and  Eagles.  — 
Eels.  —  Smelts.  —  Trout  and  Pickerel.  —  Other  Fish. 

FISH   LAWS. 

July  7,  1786,  after  the  inhabitants  here  had  made  a 
movement  to  obtain  an  Act  of  Incorporation,  and 
about  three  months  before  the  Act  was  passed,  the 
Legislature  made  a  law  "to  prevent  the  destruction, 
and  to  regulate  the  catching,  of  the  fish  called  salmon, 
shad,  and  alewives,  in  the  Kennebec,"  and  several  other 
rivers,  including  the  St.  George's..  No  obstructions 
were  to  be  built,  or  to  be  continued,  which  would 
prevent  the  fish  from  going  up  to  the  lakes  and  ponds 

*  This  kind  of  enjoyment  suggests  another,  which  sometimes  was 
had  sixty  or  seventy  years  ago,  though  it  was  not  common.  A  man 
had  wood  to  be  sledded,  or  corn  to  be  gathered  or  to  be  husk-ed.  He 
procured  as  much  liquor  as  he  thought  would  be  necessary,  prepared  a 
supper,  and  invited  his  neighbors  to  the  Bee.  They  came  and  assisted 
him  in  the  afternoon.  Alter  the  supper,  the  more  genteel  and  the  bet- 
ter dressed  would  go  into  the  room,  and  dunce  with  the  young  women  ; 
while  those  who  were  somewhat  ragged,  or  wanted  courage  to  enter, 
•would  at  the  same  time  be  dancing  the  double-shuffle  in  the  entry  or 
around  the  door,  to  the  same  music  which  was  sung  to  the  dancers 
within  the  house. 


FISH. 


41^ 


to  cast  their  spawn,  between  April  20  and  June  10, 
annually.  The  owners  of  all  dams\vere  required  to 
open  sufficient  sluice-ways  and  passages,  at  their  own 
expense,  for  the  fish  to  go  through;  During  the  same 
period,  no  persons  were  allowed  to  catch  them  "  at  any 
other  time  than  between  sunrise  on  Monday  and  sun- 
set on  Thursday  in  each  week,"  or  at  any  time  to  "  set 
any  seine,  pot,  or  other  machine,  for  the  purpose  of 
taking  any  . . .  within  two  rods  of  any  sluice  or  passage- 
way ; "  and  no  seine  or  net  was  to  extend  at  any  time 
more  than  one-third  across  the  stream.  It  was  or- 
dered that  the  Act  be  read  in  town-meetings,  in  the 
month  of  March  or  April,  annually.  Every  town  and 
plantation  was  required  to  choose  a  committee  to  see 
it  enforced,  and  to  prosecute  offenders.  "  Any  person 
so  chosen,"  who  should  "  refuse  to  serve,"  unless  he 
were  elected  to  ^ome  other  office,  incurred  a  penalty 
of  forty  shillings.  It  was  in  accordance  with  this  Act 
that  fish-wardens  were  first  chosen,  at  the  first  regular 
meeting  after  the  town-organization.  They  were  then 
denominated  "  a  committee  to  take  care  that  the  fish 
should  not  be  stopped  contrary  to  law,  the  year 
ensuing." 

FISH. 

Salmon^  remained  in  ponds  and  deep  places  in 
the  river  during  the  summer.  In  the  fall,  when  the 
autumnal  rains  came,  they  went  up  the  river,  and  cast 
their  spawn  in  large  holes,  which  they  made  in  the 
sand  at  the  bottom  of  the  stream.  From  the  upper 
and  the  lower  end  of  the  little  island  at  the  bottom 
of  the  eddy  below  the  Middle  Bridge,  John  Butler 
extended  to  the  western  shore  two  wears,  the  lower 
one  having  in  it  an  eel-pot  for  the  fish  tor  pass  through. 
From  the  water  between  the  wears  he  would  not  unfre- 
quently,  in  the  morning,  takeout  two  or  three  large 
salmon^  with  a  pitchfork.    Between  the  years  1790  and 

^  Salmo  salar.  —  Lin.  The  scientific  names  have  been  furnished 
by  the  eminent  ichthyologist,  Horatio  liobinsou  Stover,  of  Boston. 

2  Nathaniel  Robbins,  Esq. 


420  ZOOLOGICAL   HISTORY. 

1800,  Royal  Grinnell,  with  pitchforks,  took  from  half  a 
barrel  to  a  barrel  of  them  in  a  hole  in  the  river  opposite 
to  his  hoase  in  the  summer;  ^  but  they  were  not  so  good 
as  if  the  weather  had  been  cool.  About  the  year  1790, 
Josiah  Robbins,  with  Philip  Robbins,  Amariah  Mero, 
and  Rufus  Gillmor,  made  a  salmon-net,  and  set  it  off 
Gillmor's  land  below  the  bridge,  and  in  one  year  took 
more  than  two  thousand  pounds  of  salmon,  which 
were  salted  for  winter.  About  the  years  1803  or  1804, 
when  mills  were  first  erected  at  the  Middle  Bridge, 
the  workmen  killed  these  fish  with  axes  and  carpenters' 
tools.  They  were  plenty,  and  furnished  an  important 
and  luxurious  means  of  subsistence  to  the  early  set- 
tlers.    They  disappeared  many  years  ago. 

Alewi VES  ^  are  numerous.  Formerly  the  best  places 
for  them  were  near  Taylor's  Mills  and  Hills'  Mills. 
The  object  in  choosing  fish-wardens  in  1823,  after 
neglecting  it  for  some  time,  was  to  prevent  the  boys 
from  taking  the  fish,  as  they  had  done  for  several 
years,  at  Crawford's  River.  In  the  morning,  the  ale- 
w^ives  would  pass  up  to  the  falls  ;  and,  being  prevented 
from  going  further,  they  would  all  return  in  the  course 
of  the  afternoon.  By  putting  a  rack  across  the  river,  ten 
or  twelve  rods  from  its  mouth,  the  boys  were  enabled 
before  night  to  take  all  that  had  gone  up.  William 
Gleason,  Esq.,  observed  that,  if  the  fish  were  allowed 
to  go  down,  a  little  time  intervened  before  others 
came.  The  conclusion  was,  that  they  went  oft'  in 
search  of  another  stream,  and  were  followed  by  one  or 
two  of  the  shoals  near  them.  In  one,  two,  or  three 
days,  would  be  seen  a  few  stragglers  or  pioneers,  appa- 
rently part  of  a  shoal.  If  these  were  caught,  others 
would  come,  and  finally  the  whole  shoal,  and  the 
shoal  be  followed  by  others. 

Soon  after  casting  their  spawn,  multitudes  of  ale- 
wives,  seeking  a  passage  to  the  ocean,  may  be  seen 
above  the  dam  at  Warren.  Those  which  are  nearest 
eddy  round,  a  few  each  time  dropping  over,  tiU  finally 

^  Lyceum  Lecture.  '  Alosa  tyrannus.  —  Dekay. 


FISH.  421 

the  whole  shoal,  with  a  rush,  goes  over,  tail  first.  The 
young  go  down  later  ;  and,  when  they  arrive  at  Warren, 
being  about  three  and  a  half  inches  long,  and  of  a 
suitable  size  for  bait,  they  are  vexed  and  driven  in  all 
directions  by  eels.  The  eels  are  also  seen  to  lie  quietly 
in  the  grass  at  the  bottom  of  the  water,  and  dart  their 
heads  up  from  time  to  time,  and  take  as  many  as  they 
want  from  the  millions  with  which  the  river  is  crowded. 
Many  years  ago,  when  the  only  way  of  carrying 
boards  down  the  St.  George's  was  by  rafting,  so  many 
would  be  killed  by  getting  between  them,  that  the 
boards  would  be  slippery.  When  the  old  canal  was 
used,  the  posts  at  the  locking  would  be  made  greasy 
by  the  grinding  of  them. 

Fish-hawks  and  Eagles. — With  the  return  of 
alewives  in  the  spring  was  that  of  fish-hawks  and 
eagles.  Col.  Herman  Hawes  says  he  has  seen  the 
white-headed  eagle,  more  than  fifty  times,  sitting  on  a 
dry  tree  on  Seven-tree  Island,  watching  the  fish-hawks 
to  rob  them.  A  fish-hawk  would  come  sailing  along, 
stop  in  the  air,  suspend  himself  with  easy  flappings 
at  a  moderate  height,  select  his  prey,  then  plunge  into 
the  water,  and,  if  successful,  bring  up  a  fish,  shake 
himself,  and  think  to  bear  away  the  prize  to  his  nest. 
The  white-headed  eagle,  improperly  called  the  bald 
eagle,  in  the  mean  time  being  on  the  watch,  would 
start  and  swiftly  pursue  him.  After  many  trials,  find- 
ing he  could  not  escape,  he  would  drop  the  fish.  In  an 
instant  the  eagle  would  close  his  wings,  follow  it  down, 
and  commonly  seize  it  before  it  struck  the  ground, 
or  he  would  pick  it  up,  and,  pirate-like,  bear  it  off. 
Once  a  fish-hawk  in  Union  dived  into  the  water, 
brought  up  a  fish,  flapped  his  wings,  and  attempted  to 
fly,  but  failed  and  was  carried  down.  He  rose  again, 
and  made  another  attempt,  but  was  again  drawn 
beneath  the  water,  and  seen  no  more. 

Eels^  are  not  popular;  and,  as  the  streams  and 
ponds  are  favorable  to  their  multiplication,  they  are 

s_    '  »  Anguilla  Bostoniensis.  —  DeJcay. 

36* 


422  ZOOLOGICAL  HISTORY. 

numerous.  Thirty  or  forty  years  ago,  one  or  two  bush- 
els might  sometimes  be  caught  in  an  eel-pot  placed 
over-night  at  an  opening  in  Bachelor's  dam.  More 
recently,  for  about  two  months,  beginning  with  the 
early  part  of  August  when  they  are  passing  down  the 
river,  the  wash-box  of  the  factory  at  South  Union  is 
found  to  contain  from  a  peck  to  a  bushel  every  morn- 
ing. When  the  water  is  so  high  that  the  waste-gate 
is  opened,  none  are  caught.  The  fish  pass  into  the 
flume,  and  are  carried  into  the  wash-box  by  the  water, 
which  rushes  so  furiously  into  it  through  a  four-inch 
aperture,  that  they  cannot  re-ascend.  This  is  their 
only  passage  down  ;  as,  during  this  season,  but  little  if 
any  water  runs  over  the  dam. 

The  question  naturally  arises.  How  do  these  fish 
go  up  ?  Every  year  when  the  water  is  low,  in  July, 
it  is  found  that  the  dam  needs  gravelling  in  several 
places.  Did  the  eels  work  their  way  up  by  removing 
the  gravel  ?  Small  eels  have  been  seen  two  feet  out 
of  water  on  the  side  of  a  wet  flume,  apparently  en- 
deavoring to  ascend  St.  George's  River.  It  has  been 
intimated  that  there  appeared  to  be  something  like 
a  glutinous  property  on  the  fish,  and  that  it  aided  them 
somewhat  in  adhering  to  a  wet  board  or  timber,  when 
not  immersed  in  water.  When  the  boys  were  in  the 
practice  of  catching  alewives  in  wooden  racks  at  South 
Union,  experience  taught  them  to  remove  the  alewives 
at  night ;  for  eels  would  frequently  reach  up  and  eat 
them  in  the  box,  though  it  was  at  least  five  inches 
above  the  surface  of  the  water. 

When  the  young  go  down  the  river,  they  sometimes 
collect  in  large  numbers  at  the  dams ;  and  so  bent  are 
they  on  effecting  a  passage  to  the  ocean,  that  they  are 
not  unfrequently  found  with  their  tails  inextricably 
wedged  into  the  cracks  between  the  planks. 

Smelts.  —  William  Gleason,  Esq.,  says  that,  in  the 
fall  of  1823,  part  of  the  wing-dam  of  the  paper-mill, 
where  the  factory  at  South  Union  now  stands,  together 
with  a  quantity  of  stove-wood,  was  carried  off  by  a 
freshet.     After  the  snow-water  had  gone,  in  the  spring 


FISH.         '  423 

of  1824,  the  proprietors  of  the  paper-mill  went  down 
the  stream  to  pick  it  up.  There  had  been  a  heavy- 
north-west  wind  the  preceding  evening ;  and,  while 
collecting  their  wood,  they  found  among  it,  near  and  at 
the  mouth  of  Crawford's  River,  a  few  dead  smelts. 
Although  there  were  known  to  be  smelts  in  the  lake 
in  Hope,  it  had  not  occurred  to  any  one  that  they 
were  also  in  Union.  Mr.  Gleason,  inferring  from  their 
being  found  on  the  bank  of  the  river  that  there  must 
be  some  in  the  river  and  in  Crawford's  Pond,  immedi- 
ately made  a  small  net,  and  was  the  first  person  who 
caught  any  in  town. 

When  these  fish  appear  in  Seven-tree  Pond,  which 
is  immediately  after  the  snow-water  is  gone,  they 
are  dipped  up  in  nets  just  at  dusk,  at  the  "  height 
of  flowage ; "  that  is,  where  the  level  and  comparatively 
calm  water  of  the  pond  makes  a  small  breaker  with 
Crawford's  River  as  they  meet.  These  fish,  it  is  said, 
are  long  and  slim,  and  differ  from  the  salt-water  smelts. 
Many  are  caught  in  the  wash-box  of  the  factory,  when 
the  snow-water  ceases  to  run ;  and  this  seems  to  prove, 
that  at  that  time  they  go  down  instead  of  going  up. 
In  September,  for  the  last  four  or  five  years,  bushels  of 
smelts,  lying  in  windrows,  have  been  found  dead  along 
the  south-east  side  of  the  long  island  in  Crawford's 
Pond,  and  on  the  south-west  shore  of  the  pond.  As 
a  south-east  wind  wafts  them  into  Crawford's  River, 
it  is  a  natural  inference,  that  the  mortality  prevails  in 
the  southerly  part  of  the  pond. 

Trout'  and  Pickerel.^ — There  was  formerly  a 
tolerably  good  supply  of  trout,  and  in  Crawford's 
Pond  they  were  plenty ;  but  there  was  not  a  pickerel 
in  St.  George's  River  or  its  tributaries.  During  the 
five  or  six  years  when  the  boys  caught  alewives  at 
Crawford's  River,  they  took  with  them  so  many  trout 
that  they  were  nearly  exterminated  from  that  river  and 
the  pond  above.  A  contribution  was  raised  afterward ; 
and,  in  March  1827  or  1828,  John  F.  Hart  and  Marcus 

^  Salmo  fontinalis.  —  Mitchill.       ^  Esox  reticulatus.  —  Le  Sueur. 


424  ZOOLOGICAL   HISTORY. 

Gillmor  made  two  journeys  to  Whitefield  to  obtain 
pickerel.  ^  Having  prepared  a  box  with  holes  in  the 
top  to  admit  air,  they  succeeded,  by  changing  the 
water  two  or  three  times  on  the  journeys,  in  bringing 
alive  and  slipping  into  the  water  under  the  ice,  just 
below  the  Lower  Bridge,  eleven  of  them.  Nine,  at  the 
same  time,  were  put  into  Sunnybec  Pond,  and  nine 
into  Crawford's  Pond.  The  expectation  of  a  favorable 
result  was  not  very  sanguine.  There  was,  however,  an 
understanding  that  there  should  not  be  any  fishing  for 
pickerel  before  the  expiration  of  four  or  live  years.  In 
the  fifth  year,  it  was  found  that  they  had  so  multiplied 
as  to  be  caught  in  large  numbers  in  the  ponds.  In  a 
few  years,  they  were  found  in  every  pond  on  St. 
George's  River,  and  in  the  tributary  streams,  and  in  the 
ponds  in  Waldoborough.  The  small  fish  on  which  they 
feed  were  so  plenty,  never  having  been  disturbed  by 
them,  that  they  rioted  in  unwonted  luxury.  Some  of 
them  weighed  five  or  six  pounds,  though  their  aver- 
age weight  at  the  present  time  is  from  eight  ounces  to 
one  pound.  They  have  nearly  exterminated  the  trout. 
Besides  the  fish  mentioned  are  others,  which  are 
common  in  Maine.  Among  them  are  the  white 
perch,  ^  yellow  perch, -"^  roach  or  cousin-trout,"^  bream 
or  fiatside,^  pout,^  sucker,'^  &c.,  the  number  of  some 
of  which  has  been  greatly  diminished  in  consequence 
of  the  voracity  of  their  unwelcome  intruders,  the  pick- 
erel. 

*  In  1797  there  wore  pickerel  in  all  the  eastern  tributaries  of 
Kennebec  lliver,  but  none  in  the  western.  IJetween  the  years  1810 
and  1820,  the  Hon.  llobert  II.  Gardiner  employed  a  man  to  procure 
some  from  Nahuinkoag.  Seven  were  ])ut  into  the  Cobbessecontoe 
above  his  mills,  and  now  pickerel  are  abundant  in  the  streams  and 
ponds  which  make  that  river. 

*  Labrax  mucronatus.  —  Ciivier, 
^  Perca  flavescens.  —  Ciivier. 

*  Leuciscus  pulchellus.  —  Storer. 
^  Pomotis  vulgaris.  —  Cuvler. 

®  Pimelodus  catus.  —  Liu. 

'  Catostomus  Bostonienses.  —  Le  Sueitr. 


CONCLUSION.  425 


CHAPTER    LIL 


CONCLUSION. 

Design.  —  Sources  of  Information.  —  Changes  since  the  Settlement.  — 
Possibilities  and  Responsibilities. 

The  narrative  and  statistical  portion  of  this  history  is 
now  concluded.  The  preparation  of  it  has  required 
much  more  time  and  labor  than  was  anticipated.  As 
historical  facts  cannot  be  "  manufactured  to  order," 
and  Union  is  far  behind  many  other  towns  in  the 
number  and  variety  of  topics  of  general  interest,  it 
was  at  first  thought  impossible  to  eke  out  any  thing 
more  than  a  pamphlet.  But  materials,  such  as  they 
were,  accumulated ;  and  the  result  is  a  volume,  de- 
signed rather  for  the  inhabitants  and  the  descendants 
of  the  early  settlers,  and  for  a  few  friends,  than  for  the 
public  or  "  the  snarling,  hungry  horde  of  curs  called 
'  The  Critics.'  "  ^  Accordingly,  to  some  persons  it  will 
seem  open  to  the  objections  of  too  great  minuteness 
of  detail,  and  of  occasional  violations  of  good  taste. 

Though  accuracy  and  completeness  have  been  par- 
ticularly attended  to,  it  is  obvious  that  there  must  be 
errors  and  omissions.  The  writing  and  printing  have 
been  done  where  the  town-records  and  the  inhabitants 
of  Union  could  not  be  easily  consulted.  The  infor- 
mation has  been  taken  from  a  very  great  variety  of 
sources.  Much  reliance  has  been  placed  on  the  state- 
ments of  Messrs.  Phinehas  Butler  and  Jessa  Robbins, 
in  relation  to  what  occurred  among  the  earlfest  set- 
tlers. Constant  use  has  been  made  of  contributions  by 
Nathaniel  Robbins,  Esq.,  and  his  son  Augustus  C.  Rob- 
bins,  Esq. ;  and  to  the  former  of  them,  for  verification, 
nearly  all  the  manuscript  was  read,  in  the  winter  before 
his  decease.     It  is  hardly  necessary  to  state,  that  the 

^  Page  236,  note. 


426  CONCLUSION. 

letters,  lyceum-lectures,  and  oral  communications  of 
Dr.  Jonathan  Sibley  have  been  of  great  value  in  rela- 
tion to  events  of  the  nineteenth  century,  and  have 
furnished  many  of  the  incidents  of  an  earlier  date. 
The  most  important  source  of  information,  however, 
is  the  town-records.  The  loan  of  these  was  voted  to 
the  writer,  "  on  condition  that  he  give  to  the  clerk,  for 
the  benefit  of  the  town,  a  receipt  for  the  same  to  be 
returned  in  one  year,  or  pay  the  sum  of  forty  dollars 
as  a  forfeiture  on  failure  to  return  the  same  in  one 
year  or  sooner,  if  wanted."  After  a  few  months,  they 
were  needed  for  consultation,  and  it  was  necessary  to 
restore  them.  More  information  probably  would  have 
been  obtained  from  the  clerk's  office,  but  for  a  barba- 
rous act,  about  the  year  1837,  by  which  "all  the  use- 
less papers,"  so  called,  were  destroyed.  In  addition 
to  the  sources  mentioned  are  many  others,  for  which 
credit  is  often  given  in  the  narrative. 

A  town-history  ought  to  be  just  and  truthful.  The 
bad  as  well  as  the  good  should  be  told.  Though 
some  undesirable  occurrences  have  been  recorded,  it 
may  be  said  with  truth,  that  Union  contains  an  indus- 
trious, thriving  population,  and  will  not  suffer  in 
comparison  with  a  majority  of  other  country-towns. 
Extreme  want  is  not  known.  Abject  degradation 
and  beggary  do  not,  as  in  cities,  dwell  side  by  side 
with  luxury  and  extravagance.  Though  there  are  not 
probably  six  persons  worth  ten  thousand  dollars  each, 
there  is  hardly  a  man  who  is  not  in  comfortable  cir- 
cumstances. There  are  but  few  towns  in  the  county, 
or  even  in  the  State,  where  the  property  is  so  equally 
divided.  A  consequence  is,  that  there  is  no  aristocracy 
of  wealth  or  of  family.  Every  man  is  a  monarch,  and 
independent.  At  the  same  time  every  man  is  a  sub- 
ject, and  amenable  to  his  equals.  Upon  all  a  kind 
Providence  has  showered  down  gifts  with  a  Javish 
hand.  The  hills  and  the  valleys,  the  woods,  the 
streams,  the  soil,  the  water-privileges,  the  treasures 
yet  unearthed,  the  health  of  the  people,  show  that 
here  are  elements  of  thrift,  contentment,  and  happiness. 


GENERAL   REMARKS.  427 

The  age  of  the  nation  and  the  age  of  the  town  are 
nearly  the  same.  The  first  family  moved  here  in  1776, 
the  year  of  the  declaration  of  the  Independence  of  the 
United  States.  Four  of  the  oldest  settlers  are  yet 
living.  Mrs.  Mero,  now  of  Cape  Elizabeth,  and  Mrs. 
Dunton,  of  Hope,  were  then  children.  Messrs.  Phinehas 
Butler,  of  Thomaston,  now  ninety-three  years  of  age, 
and  Jessa  Robbins,  the  oldest  person  in  Union,  being 
ninety-two,  were  among  the  first  to  wield  the  axe,  and 
break  in  upon  the  wilderness  and  solitude  which 
reigned  where  rich  fields  and  beautiful  landscapes 
now  meet  the  eye  at  every  tm'n.  Their  lives  cover 
more  than  the  entire  period  of  the  existence  of  the 
town  and  the  nation.  When  they  came  here,  thirteen 
little  colonies,  containing  three  millions  of  inhabitants, 
were  beginning  an  almost  hopeless,  but,  as  it  proved,  a 
successful  struggle  against  the  oppression  and  the 
military  and  naval  force  of  one  of  the  most  powerful 
nations  of  the  Old  World.  Since  that  time,  the  Fede- 
ral Constitution  has  been  formed  and  adopted;  the 
French  Revolutions,  the  career  of  Bonaparte,  the  war 
of  1812,  and  the  Mexican  War,  have  become  historical 
facts.  Empires  have  risen  and  fallen,  thrones  have 
been  overturned,  science  and  art  have  drawn  from 
nature  her  concealed  treasures,  steam  has  been  applied 
to  ships  and  harnessed  to  cars,  and  made  to  do  man's 
bidding,  and  the  telegraph  with  winged  words  to  out- 
strip the  lightning.  The  thirteen  fittle  colonies  have 
become  thirty-one  states,  containing  twenty-three 
millions  of  souls,  extending  from  the  Atlantic  to  the 
Pacific ;  and  their  intellectual  and  moral  power  is  so 
formidable,  that  the  monarchs  of  Europe,  with  their 
hundreds  of  thousands  of  troops  always  armed  and 
on  duty  in  all  their  cities  and  villages,  are  in  awe  of  a 
people  which  has  not  a  military  police  in  a  single  city 
in  the^Union. 

The  little  colony  which  was  begun  here  three  quar- 
ters of  a  century  since  with  one  family  has  become 
one  of  the  little  republics  which  constitute  the  great 
republic  of  the  United  States.     It  is  continually  send- 


428  CONCLUSION. 

ing  abroad  inlfluences,  which,  though  ahuost  impercep- 
tible, are  nevertheless  affecting  in  some  degree  the 
destinies  of  the  nation.  No  individual  lives  here  or 
'  elsewhere,  however  humble,  virtuous,  or  vicious,  whose 
influence  is  not  far  more  extensive  than  he  imagines. 
The  eloquence  and  power  which  waken  into  life  the 
energies  of  a  people,  perhaps  are  first  discovered  when 
opposing  iniquity  and  misrule,  or  pleading  in  behalf  of 
justice,  virtue,  humanity,  in  a  quiet  country-town. 
Men  are  often  surprised  at  the  discovery  of  talents,  of 
which  they  were  utterly  unconscious,  till  a  dire  ne- 
cessity or  pressing  emergency  drew  them  out.  Possi- 
bly from  the  colony  planted  on  the  shores  of  Seven-tree 
Pond  may  spring  up  for  mankind  a  reformer,  whose 
good  deeds  shall  create  a  reverence  for  the  spot  where 
he  was  born.  The  time  has  been  when  people  would 
smile,  if  directed  for  benefactors  of  their  race  to  such 
unpromising  youths  as  Christopher  Columbus  and 
Martin  Luther  begging  bread,  George  Washington 
surveying  land  in  the  wilderness,  Andrew  Jackson  a 
servant-boy,  Benjamin  Franklin  assisting  his  father 
in  making  candles  for  a  living,  or  Noah  Worcester  in 
humble  but  honorable  poverty  pounding  on  his  lap- 
stone.  A  casual  remark  overheard  by  a  boy  has 
sometimes  awakened  ambition  and  talent  which  have 
changed  his  destiny,  and  made  him  a  blessing  to 
mankind.  So  it  may  be  here  under  genial  influences. 
No  man  can  foresee  the  important  consequences  which 
may  result  from  his  one  vote  at  town-meeting,  or 
even  from  an  apparently  insignificant  word  or  act  in 
his  intercourse  with  his  child,  his  neighbor,  or  society. 
If  you  wish  the  town  to  present  attractions  for  intelli- 
gent strangers  to  settle  among  you,  and  your  children 
to  become  men  and  ivomen,  and  to  do  something  for 
the  improvement  of  the  world,  you  must  liberally 
and  zealously  encourage  public  worship,  common- 
school  education,  temperance,  integrity,  piety. 


429 


FAMILY    REGISTER. 


The  following  notices  pertain  to  residents  before  the 
year  1800,  and  to  their  families  and  descendants.  Be- 
fore deciding  hastily  that  dates  are  incorrect,  it  should 
be  considered  that  a  gravestone,  a  family  Bible,  and  a 
town-record,  may  contain  three  different  dates  of  the 
same  birth  or  death,  and  that  a  private  memorandum 
made  at  the  time  is  generally  preferable  to  either.  A 
common  and  almost  unaccountable  error  on  records 
and  gravestones  is  the  confounding  of  the  years  a  per- 
son lived  with  the  year  of  his  age  when  he  died ;  it 
being  stated,  for  instance,  that  a  man  died  in  his  forty- 
second  year,  when  it  is  meant  he  was  forty-two  years 
old,  and  was  in  his  forty-third  year. 

Explanations.  —  The  names  of  parents  are  printed  in  small  capitals. 
The  names  of  the  children  or  second  generation  are  distinguished  by 
the  Roman  numerals  I.  II.  III.  &c.  and  the  common  Roman  letters  ; 
of  the  grandchildren  or  third  generation,  by  the  Arabic  numerals  1, 
2,  3,  &c.  and  italics ;  and  of  the  great-grandchildren  or  fourth  gene- 
ration, by  the  Arabic  letters  (1),  (2),  (3),  &c.  enclosed  in  parentheses, 
followed  by  names  having  spaced  letters.  The  names  of  children  are 
placed  immediately  after  those  of  their  parents.  The  descendants  of 
females  are  placed  under  the  husband,  when  he  is  a  descendant  of  an 
early  settler ;  otherwise  they  follow  their  mother. 

Abbreviations.  —  b.  born ;  br.  brother ;  c.  childless  ;  ch.  children  ; 
d.  died;  dr.  daughter;  i.  father ;  h.  husband;  m.  married;  -p.  parents ; 
r.  residence ;  s.  son;  u.  unmarried;  w.  wife.  A  date  preceded  by  the 
letter  t.  indicates  the  year  when  a  man's  name  first  appears  on  a  tax- 
bill,  and  may  be  of  value  in  determining  the  time  of  his  coming  to 
reside.  The  earliest  tax-bill  is  for  1791^  the  next,  for  1793. 
37 


430  FAMILY   KEGISTER. 

Adams,  Joel,  Captain,  son  of  Peter  Adams,  was  born  at 
Franklin,  Mass.,  July  21,  1753  ;  and  died,  according  to  the 
family  records,  Oct.  22,  but  gravestone  Oct.  23,  1830.  In 
the  Christian  Adyocate,  vol.  v..  No.  18,  it  is  stated  that  he 
came  in  the  twenty-sixth  year  of  his  age,  when  there  were 
but  three  families  in  Stirlington.  In  1781  he  married  Je- 
mima, or  Mima,  who  died  Jan.  1,  1844,  dr.  of  Philip  Rob- 
bins ;  had  — I.  Polly,  b.  Feb.  28,  1782;  m.  Rev.  Cornelius 
Irish,  Dec.  5,  1804. —  II.  Peter,  b.  Jan.  19,  1784;  d.  Dec. 
21,  1793.  —  III.  Jacob  Smith,  b.  Jan.  14,  1786;  m.  Abi- 
gail Heald,  who  d. ;  residence,  Lincolnville.  —  IV.  Emma, 
b.  Aug.  12„  1787;  m.  Jeremiah  Stubbs,  Sept.  16,  1808; 
ch.  1.  Peter  Adams,  b.  April  4,  1809;  m.  Rachel  Col- 
lins; r.  Appleton.  2.  Mercy  Ann,  b.  Nov.  19,  1811. 
8.  Alfred  Adams,  b.  April  29,  1815;  d.  about  1824.  4. 
Olive  Daggett,  b.  Aug.  2,  1817;  m.  a  Hart,  of  Appleton. 
6.  Jemima  Jane,  m.  William  Lincoln,  of  Appleton.  6.  Joel 
Adams,  d.  7.  Sarah  Maria,  m.  a  Collins,  of  Appleton.  — 
V.  Alford,  b.  Aug.  9,  1789.  — VI.  Mima,  b.  June  22,  1791; 
m.  her  cousin  Ebenezer  Ward  Adams ;  b.  at  Franklin, 
Mass.,  July  23,  1787,  son  of  Ward  Adams,  of  Franklin,  and 
Olivia  Daggett,  of  Wrentham ;  had  1 .  Ward,  tailor,  b.  July  4, 
1812;  m.  Martha  O.  Gordon,  of  Augusta,  and  has  (1). 
Martha  M.S.;  (2).  Wesley  F. ;  (3),  Olivia  C. ;  (4). 
El  vert  on  W.  2.  Calvin  Metcalf,  b.  Dec.  21,  1813;  d. 
Oct.  5,  1839.  3.  John  Martial,  h.  April  22, 1815  ;  d.  Aug.  1, 
1815.  4.  James  Orson,  b.  Oct.  24,  1816.  5.  Olivia  Dag- 
gett, b.  June  8,  1818.  6.  Aldres  Addison,  b.  Feb.  9, 1820; 
m.  Eveline  Kilgore,  of  Waterford ;  r.  Norway.  7.  True 
Page,  b.  Dec.  26,  1821,  a  Methodist  preacher.  8.  Alfred 
Smith,  b.  Dec.  5,  1823,  a  Methodist  preacher,  tailor ;  m. 
Aroline  Davis,  of  Unity.  9.  Esther  Ann,  b.  June  18,  1826. 
10.  Maryan  Day,  b.  April  25, 1828.  11.  ^  son,  b.  June  3, 
1829;  d.  June  3,  1829.  — VII.  James,  b.  Jan.  15,  1794; 
m.  Caroline  Eddy,  of  Exeter.  —  VIII.  Esther,  b.  June  25, 
1796  ;  m.,  1822,  Rev.  True  Page,  Methodist  minister,  who 
d.  in  Union,  Sept.  4,  1835.  —  IX.  Joel,  \\.  Jan.  30,- 1800,  a 
Methodist  preacher  ;  m.  Jane  Hunt,  of  Readfield;  r.  Friend- 
ship.—X.  Ruth,  b.  Jan.  9,  1804. 

Alden,  Ebenezer,  son  of  Job  A.,  b.  at  Middleborough, 
Mass.,  Sept.  20, 1774  ;  came  to  Union  in  the  spring  of  1795, 
settled  on  the  hill  east  of  Seven  Brook ;  m.  at  Franklin, 
Mass.,  March  4, 1799,  Patience  (b.  at  Franklin,  Mass.),  dr.  of 


ALDEN.  —  BARRETT.  ^  431 

D.  Gillmor;  had  —  I.  Horatio,  b.  Feb.  4,  1800;  r.  Cam- 
den; m.,  first,  in  1822,  Sally  (b.  Readfield,  Sept.  12,  1802; 
d.  Feb.  7,  1835),  dr.  of  Capt. '  Nathaniel  Bachelor;  and, 
second,  in  1835,  Polly,  b.  June  19,  1807,  sister  of  his  first 
wife;  has  children.  —  II.  Louisa,  b.  Jan.  30,  1802;  d.  in 
Thomaston,  Sept.  29,  1827;  m.  1823,  Phineas  Tyler;  and 
had  1.  William  Parker,  b.  March  30,  1824.  2.  Edwin,  b. 
Oct.  25,  1825.  — III.  Silas,  b.  June  23,  1804;  r.  Bangor; 
m,  Jan.  27,  1828,  Sarah,  dr.  of  Capt.  John  W.  Lindley. — 
IV.  Selina,  b.  Dec.  26,  1806;  d.  Nov.  15,  1807.  — V.  Ly- 
man, b.  Dec.  1,  1808  ;  r.  South  Union;  m.,  Sept.  17,  1835, 
Sarah  Elizabeth  Williams,  of  Orono,  Stillwater ;  ch.  are  1. 
Helen  Louisa,  b.  Aug.  25,  1836.  2.  Eugene  Beauharnois, 
b.  Jan.  1,  1839.  3.  Lyman  Martell,  b.  Sept.  29,  1842.  4. 
Henry  Ehen,  b.  April  4,  1847.  —  VI.  Melina,  b.  June  16, 
1811;  r.  Thomaston;  m.  May  25,  1837,  George  Abbot, 
Esq.  of  Temple,  who  d.  1850;  ch.  1.  Lucy  Ellen,  b.  June, 
1839.  2.  George  Roscoe,  b.  Feb.  1842.  —  VII.  Augustus, 
b.  July  3,  1814;  r.  homestead;  m.,  Dec.  10,  1840,  Marga- 
ret Wiley,  b.  Jan.  24,  181^5,  dr.  of  Ebenezer  Bancroft  Wil- 
liams, of  Gardiner.      1.  Pntience  Gillmor,  h.MsiTch.  2,  1844. 

2.  Sarah  Williams,  b.  April  17,   1846;  d.  March  1,  1847. 

3.  George  Adelhert,  b.  May  25,   1848. — VIII.  Ebenezer, 

b.  Dec.  14,  1816;  r.  East  Thomaston;  m.,  June  29,  1845,  / 
Caroline  Snow,  of  Thomaston  ;  and  has  1 .  Francis  Marion,  y 
b.  May  23,  1848.  — IX.  James  Gillmor,  b.  March  1,  1819; 
r.  Janesville,  Wisconsin;  m.  Oct.  24,  1842,  Alvitia  C.  Mil- 
ler, of  Bangor ;  has  1.  James  Francis.  2.  Louisa ;  hoth.  h. 
Bangor.  —  X.  Edward,  physician,  b.  1821,  Dec.  13  [family 
records],  or  21  [himself].  —  XL  Henry,  b.  Aug.  5,  1824; 
d.  Oct.  16,  1847.  — XII.  George  Adelbert,  b.  July  29, 
1828;  d.  May  9,  1829. 

Barrett,  Amos,  Captain,  b.  April  23,  1752,  Concord, 
Mass.;  d.  Jan.  25,  1829;  son  of  Deacon  Thomas  Barrett, 
who  m.  Mary  Jones.  Deacon  Thomas  was  the  son  of  Ben- 
jamin and  Lydia  (Minott)  Barrett.  Benjamin  Barrett,  who 
d.  Oct.  25,  1728,  tvas  son  of  Humphrey  B.,  who  d.  Jan.  3, 
1716;  whose  first  wife  was  Elizabeth  Payne,  and  whose 
second  was  Mary  Potter.  This  Humphrey  was  the  son  of 
Humphrey  B.,  who  came  from  England  to  Concord  about  the 
year  1640.  Mr.  Amory,  wishing  to  dispose  of  his  real 
estate  here,  agreed  with  Capt.  Amos  Barrett  to  lay  out  his 
part  in  lots,  for  which  he  received  about  four  hundred  acres 


432  FAMILY   REGISTER. 

of  land,  joining  Levi  Morse's  on  the  north.  Part  of  it  is 
now  owned  by  Gorham  Butler.  Capt.  Barrett  came  in  1795. 
Mary  Hubbard,  of  Concord,  Mass.  (whom  he  m.  March  31, 
1779),  b.  Aug.  12,  1755;  d.  Aug.  4,  1839  ;  had —  I.  Amos, 
b.  Jan,  6,  1780;  m.,  first,  Feb.  15,  1804,  Susanna,  or 
Sukey,  who  d.  Feb.  17,  1834,  aged  fifty,  dr.  of  Nathan 
Blake;  and,  second,  in  1836,  Harriet,  dr.  of  Nathan  D. 
Rice;  f.  of  1.  Charles,  b.  March  19,  1806;  m.  Margaret 
Giraldman,  of  New  York  city  ;  r.  Mansfield  city,  Richland 
county,  Ohio.  2.  Sarah,  b.  Oct.  8,  1810.  3.  Amos,  b. 
Aug.  6,  1818  ;  d.  March  16  [or  18,  according  to  gravestone], 
1834.  4.  Henry,  b.  Dec.  12,  1821.  5.  Susan,  b.  Nov.  3, 
1826;  d.  Nov.  13,  1829. —H.  Silas,  b.  Aug.  11,  1781; 
drowned  April  25,  1803,  in  the  mill-pond  at  the  Middle 
Bridge,  while  getting  logs  into  the  saw-mill.  —  HI.  Mary, 
b.  June  8,  1784  ;  m.,  Aug.  2,  1810,  Rev.  Henry  True  ;  ch. 
1.  Henry  Ay er,  physician,  b.  Aug.  10,  1812;  r.  Marion, 
Marion  county,  Ohio  ;  m.  Elizabeth  Pierce,  of  Pittsfield, 
Mass.  (b.  Deerfield,  Mass. ;  dr.  of  James  Reed),  and  has 
(1).  Henry,  b.  Jan.  26,  1848.  2.  Mary  Barrett,  b. 
Aug.  28,  1820  ;  m..  May  16,  1843,  Elijah  Vose,  Esq.,  b.  at 
Warren,  March  19,  1807,  son  of  David  and  Alice  (Eastman) 
Vose;  and  has  (1).  Helen  Aye r,  b.  March  5,  1844; 
(2).  Mary  True,  b.  Dec.  17,  1849.  3.  Amos  Barrett, 
b.  July  22,  and  d.  Aug.  6,  1825.  —  IV.  Abigail,  b.  April  15, 
1786;  m.  Rufus  Gillmor,  and  d.  Sept.  30,  1821.— V. 
Sarah,  b.  Nov.  16,  1788;  d.,  of  consumption,  Sept.  19, 
1808.  — VI.  Harriot,  b.  April  13,  1791  ;  m.  July  29,  1822, 
Daniel  Fiske  Harding,  Esq.,  who  was  b.  Nov.  30,  1784,  at 
Southbridge,  Mass.,  son  of  Joshua  (b.  Medway),  and  of  his 
W-  Jemima  Fiske,  b.  Watertown,  Mass. ;  ch.  1.  Amos  Bar- 
rett, b.  March  13,  1825.  2.  Henry  Fiske,  b.  March  28, 
1827.  3.  Daniel,  b.  April  10,  1829.  4.  Harriet,  b.  May 
24,  1832.  — VII.  Ebenezer  Hubbard,  b.  Jan.  19,  1797;  r. 
Hampden;  m.  Joanna  E.  Vose,  May  3,  1825  ;  c. 

Blake,  Nathan,  b.  January,  1745,  at  Wrentham,  Mass. ; 
d.  March,  1819,  at  Albion;  m.  Mary  Day,  who  was  b. 
March,  1755,  at  Wrentham,  Mass.,  and  d.  January,  1834, 
at  Albion.  He  came  in  1799,  bought  the  farm  of  William 
Lewis,  west  of  the  old  Upper  Bridge ;  had  —  I.  Wal- 
ter, seaman,  surveyor,  b.  May  2,  1782,  at  Wrentham; 
d.  Aug.  23,  1846;  m.,  Jan.  15,  1809,  Jane,  b.  July  3, 
1784,  dr.  of  Daniel  and  Emily  (Pease)   Reed,   of  Edgar- 


BLAKE.  —  BLUNT.  4S3 

ton,  Mass.  ;  and  had  1.  Emily  Reed,  b.  Nov.  9,  1809  ;  m., 
March  25,  1845,  Hiram  Dorman,  who  d.  in  Sanford,  August, 
1849.  2.  George,  b.  June  8,  1811;  d.  Sept.  18,  1812.  3. 
Julia    Gillmor,    b.   March  31,  1813;    d.   March   16,   1831. 

4.  Charles  Frederick,  b.  Oct.  24,  1814;  r.  homestead.  5. 
Eliza  Tohey,  b.  July  27,  1816;  d.  Feb.  14,  1842.  6.  Au- 
gusta Livermore,  b.  July  23,  1818.  7.  Clarissa,  b.  Oct.  7, 
1820;  m.,  June  16,  1848,  Samuel  Ezra  Kellogg;  r.  Battle 
Creek,  Mich.  8.  Theron,  b.  Aug.  12,  1822.  9.  Edward, 
b.  Dec.  31,  1824;  d.  Jan.  1,  1825.  — II.  Polly,  or  Mary,  m,, 
Jan.  10,  1804,  Joshua  Hemenway ;  r.  Searsmont ;  and  had 
1.  George,  b.  Nov.  2,  1804;  m.  Hannah  Ferguson;  r.  Bel- 
fast ;  c.  2.  Mary,  b.  Aug.  15, 1806  ;  m.  Darius  Daggett.  3. 
Harriot,  b.  Aug.  22,   1809.     4.   Louisa,  b.  Dec.  29,  1811. 

5.  Anson  Blake,  d.  6.  Joshua.  [Thomas,  f.  of  Joshua 
Hemenway,  d.  Feb.  6,  1847,  aged  ninety-four;  and  Sally 
Hemenway,  Aug.  1,  1820,  aged  sixty-three.]  —  III.  Sukey, 
or  Susan,  m.  Amos  Barrett,  jun.  —  IV.  Clarissa,  m.,  Jan.  22, 
1811,  Hon.  Joel  Wellington,  of  Fairfax,  now  Albion ;  r. 
Houlton.  —  V.  Nancy,  d.  Sept.  3,  1812,  ait.  twenty-two.  — 
VI.  Eunice  Day,  m.,  Jan.  9,  1817,  Bailey  More,  of  Sears- 
mont ;  both  d.  Nathan  Blake  had  also  a  son  George,  who 
d.  Nov.  12,  1802. 

Blanchard,  John  ;  m.  Huldah  Carriel ;  came  with 
Capt.  Stone;  t.  1796;  returned  to  the  West,  perhaps  went 
to  New  York;  f.  of— I.  Lydia,  b.  Nov.  28,  1798.— II. 
Jonas,  b.  Nov.  1,  1801;  d.  Jan.  15,  1802. —III.  Nancy, 
b.  June  7,  1803. 

Blunt,  Henby,  b.  at  Bristol,  March  28,  1771  ;  paid 
his  first  poll-tax  here  in  1794;  lived  near  the  summit  of 
the  hill,  about  two  miles  north-west  of  Sunnybec  Pond,  and 
d.  Aug.  29,  1838.  He  m.  Miss  Betsey  Clark,  b.  at  Bristol, 
Jan.  23,  1775;  d.  May  2,  1839;  had  —  I.  Ebenezer,  b. 
June  1,  1796,  r.  on  a  part  of  the  homestead;  m.  Susannah 
Fuller,  of  Warren,  b.  Sept.  29,  1-798;  had  1.  Henry,  b. 
Sept.  14,  1821  ;  m.  1846,  Emily  Andrews,  of  Wallingford, 
Conn.  ^  2.  Eliza,  b.  Nov.  5,  1822;  d.  May  21,  1823.  3. 
Thomas  Johnson,  b.  Oct.  22,  1824,  lives  where  his  grand- 
father did;  m.  Nancy  Stone,  in  1847,  and  had  (1).  Eliza 
Frances,  b.  Oct.  25,  1847;  (2).  Martha  Ann,  b. 
Feb.  2,  1849.  4.  Isaac,  b.  June  19,  1826;  d.  March  8, 
1849.  5.  Arthur,  b.  April  4,  1828;  d.  March  23,  1850. 
37* 


484  FAMILY   REGISTER. 

6.  Mary  Ann,  b.  Sept.  7,  1830.  7.  Martha,  b.  Aug.  13, 
1832.  8.  Betsey,  b.  April  20,  1834.  9.  Sarah  Frances,  b. 
April  15, 1838;  d.  June  1, 1842.    10.  05c«r,b.  Aug.25, 1842. 

BowEN,  Ezra,  b.  Rhode  Island,  in  consequence  of  a 
cataract,  was  nearly  blind  for  many  years  before  he  d.  Feb. 
14,  1832.  He  m.,  first.  Experience  Tolman,  of  Thomaston, 
who  d.  Nov,  8,  1803  ;  and,  second,  in  1805,  the  widow  Eliza- 
beth (Jones)  Erskine  (or  Aikin,  according  to  the  record  of 
the  publishment),  who  d.  in  Bristol,  among  her  children  by 
her  first  husband.  E.  B.  had  — I.  Polly,  b.  May  26,  1776  ; 
d.  very  young.  —  II.  Sally,  or  Sarah,  b.  May  17,  1778  ;  m. 
John  Walker.  —  III.  Susa,  or  Susan,  b.  Aug.  15,  1780;  d. 
about  two  years  old.  —  IV.  Polly,  or  Mary,  b.  Dec.  8,  1783  ; 
m.  Daniel  Patch;  r.  Knox.  —  V.  Susan,  or  Susannah,  b.  July 
9,  1785  ;  m.,  first,  March  29,  1807,  Daniel  Gibbs,  of  Thomas- 
ton  ;  second,  Levi  Spaulding,  of  Searsmont ;  third,  Aaron 
C.  Hadley,  of  Waldo,  where  she  d.  —  VI.  Ezra,  b.  Feb.  9, 
1788;  r.  Knox;  u.  — VII.  Isaac,  b.  July  19,  1790,  phy- 
sician; m.  Sarah  Martha  Andrews,  a  southern  lady,  and 
d.  in  Augusta  in  1839  ;  f.  of  1.  Tolman  Andrews,  d.  1838, 
aged  seven  years;  2.  Eliza  Andrews.  —  VIII.  Amos,  b. 
Feb.  22,.  1793 ;  m.  Athelinda  Gough,  in  Burnham,  and  was 
killed  by  a  tree.  —  IX.  Esther,  b.  July  22,  1795;  m..  May 
29,  1823,  Rev.  Peter  Burgess,  a  Methodist  minister;  r. 
Palmyra.  — X.  Oliver,  b.  Sept.  26,  1799  ;  m.,  first,  July  29, 
1824,  Eliza  Fisher,  of  Warren;  and,  second,  July  29,  1827, 
Margaret  Roakes,  of  Warren,  and  had  James  Fisher,  b.  May 
22,  1825.  — XI.  Tolman,  b.  Nov.  8,  1803;  m.  Charlotte 
Woodman ;  r.  Belmont. 

BoYDEN,  Justus,  from  Stoughtonham  (?),  t.  1791  ;  took 
up  the  Obadiah  Morse  lot  of  land,  tarried  a  short  time,  and 
returned  to  Massachusetts. 

Brown,  Jonathan,  t.  1795,  son  of  Jonathan  Brown, 
from  Thomaston  ;  m.  Sally,  sister  of  Edward  Jones.  His 
father  bought  for  him  the  land,  with  the  standing. crop  of 
rye,  belonging  to  John  Fairbanks.  He  lived  on  that  and 
other  places ;  was  a  Methodist,  and  also,  it  is  believed, 
a  Free-will  Baptist,  preacher,  and  moved  to  Bowdoinham. — 
I.  Ruth,  b.  Dec.  25,  1794.  — II.  Polly,  b.  Nov.  15,  1797; 
d.  Jan.  17,  1798.  — III.  Edward,  b.  Jan.  9,  1799;  m.  Mary 
Clark,  of  Appleton,  Oct.  21,  1824;  r.  Liberty;  had  James 
Gardner,  b.  Aug.  25,  1825;    Calvin  S.,  b.  Feb.   6,  1829; 


BROWN.  —  BUTLER.  4$&r 

Edward,  b.  Feb.  12,  1834;  William,  b.  Oct.  11,  1836; 
Jacob,  b.  Nov.  30,  1839;  and  probably  others.  —  IV. 
Phebe,  b.  Dec.  20,   1800.— V.  Reliance,  b.  Feb.  18,  1803. 

—  VI.  Joel,  b.  Aug.  10,  1804.— VII.  Jonathan,  b.  July  9, 
1806.  — VIII.  Sally,  b.  Oct.  25,  1808  ;  and  probably  others. 

Butler,  Christopher,  son  of  John,  was  b.  Sept.  18, 
1750,  at  Edgarton,  Mass.  ;  d.  Jan.  26,  1824,  of  lung-fever. 
Early  in  life  he  "  went  whaling  "  to  Davis's  Straits.  His 
fondness  for  society  led  him  often  to  visit  the  inhabitants  in 
different  parts  of  the  town  and  to  go  out  of  town.  He  sel- 
dom, perhaps  never,  rode,  but  walked.  Instead  of  wearing 
a  hat,  which  affected  his  head  painfully,  he  always  wore  a 
green  baize  cap.  His  voyages  in  early  life  made  him 
familiar  with  the  signs  of  the  weather,  and  his  prognostica- 
,  tions  were  regarded  by  many  people  as  almost  oracular. 
Jan.  2,  1772,  he  m.  Lydia,  dr.  of  Joseph  Luce,  of  Chil- 
mark,  Mass.,  who  was  b.  Nov.  10,  1750,  and  d.  Jan.  28, 
1843;  had  —  I.  Jane,  b.  Nov.  2,  1772  ;  m.,  first,  Jason  Rob- 
bins  ;  and,  second.  Sterling  Davis.  —  II.  Nabby,  b.  July  14, 
1774;  m.  Joseph  Robbins,  and  d.  of  dropsy,  Oct.  7,  1818. 

—  III.  Polly,  b.  Oct.  2,  1796;  m.,  Oct.  28,  1799,  Adam 
Kelloch,  of  Warren,  and  moved  to  China.  —  IV.  Betsey, 
b.  Oct.  20,  1778;  d.  Sept.  12,  1793. —  V.  John,  b.  June  16, 
1780  ;  m.  Feb.  11,  1803,  Hannah  Harthhorn,  of  Cushing, 
who  was  b.  Oct.  8,  1779,  dr.  of  Samuel  and  Elizabeth 
(Tewksbury)  Harthhorn,  of  Marblehead,  Mass. ;  and  had  1. 
William,  b.  Sept.  9,  1804  ;  m.,  Nov.  18,  1827,  Lois  Newbit, 
and  had  (1).  Lydia  Selina,  b.  Sept.  28,  1828;  (2). 
Elmira  IraviUa,  b.  May,  1831;  (3).  Jacob  Ward, 
b.  Feb.  1835.  2.  Lydia,  b.  April  18,  1806;  m.,  May  2, 
1833,  Andrus  Dwinell,  of  Orono,  Old  Town.  3.  Selina, 
b.  Feb.  11,  1808  ;  m.,  first,  William  Bartlett,  of  Thomaston, 
Sept.  20,  1832;    and,  second,  John  O'Neil,  of  Thomaston. 

4.  Gorham,  b.  Nov.  20,  1809;  m.,  Nov.  1845,  Catherine 
Gallop,  of  Thomaston,  and  has  (1).   John,  b.  Sept.  1846. 

5.  Ward,  b.  Aug.  18,  1811  ;  r.  Thomaston;  u.  6.  El- 
bridge,  b.  Oct.  18,  1816;  d.  Aug.  7,  1826.  7.  Christopher, 
b.  May  18,  1820;  r.  homestead;  m.  Sally  Healey,  of 
Thomaston,  and  has  (1).  Lydia  Amelia,  b.  Aug.  14, 
1846:  (2).  William  Oscar,  b.  Aug.  29,  1848. —  VI. 
Reb3cca,  b.  Oct.  5,  1782;  m.  -loel  Robbins. —VII.  Gor- 
ham, b.  May  9,  1785  ;  m.,  Sept.  25,  1808,  Sally,  dr.  of  Seth 
Luce  ;  and  fell  down  dead  in  his  cow-yard,  Sept.  17,  1836 ;  f. 


436  FAMILY   REGISTER. 

of  1.  Elmira,  b.  Oct.  23, 1809 ;  m.,  first,  Prince,  son  ofThad- 
deus  Luce  ;  and,  second,  in  1849,  William  Bishop  ;  r.  Belfast 
or  vicinity.  2.  John,  b.  Feb.  6,  1813;  m.  Ann  Maria,  dr. 
of  Simeon  Noyes,  of  Hope  ;  and  had  (1).  Gorham,  b.  Jan. 
6,  1838;  (2).  Simeon  Noyes,  b.  April,  1840.  3. 
Wesley,  b.  Sept.  3,  1817;  r.  homestead. 

Butler,  JoHjST,  brother  of  Phinehas,  b.  Feb.  10,  1756, 
at  Framingham,  Mass.;  d.  Thomaston,  Feb.  6,  1840;  m. 
1777,  Lucy,  dr.  of  Oliver  Bobbins,  of  Thomaston,  and  she 
d.  Jan.  29,  1840.  He  was  in  the  service  of  Dr.  Taylor  till 
twenty-one  years  old  ;  ch.  —  I.  James,  b.  Nov.  8,  1778  ;  m. 
Mary  Gray ;  r.  Rockland ;  had  three  sons  and  four  drs. 
The  second  son,  Calvin,  d.  July,  1848,  leaving  three  drs. — 
II.  Lucy,  b.  March  15,  1780;  m.  David  Gay  ;  r.  Bockland ; 
had  nine  sons  and  three  drs.  ;  lost  three  sons.  —  III.  John, 
b.  May  18,  1781;  m.  and  d.  at  Smithfield,  R.  I.;  had 
three  sons.  —  IV.  Betsey,  b.  Aug.  22,  1783;  d. ;  m.  'Rd. 
Smith ;  r.  Rockland ;  had  two  sons  and  one  dr.,  having 
lost  one  son  and  one  dr. — V.  Hannah,  b.  June  17,  1785; 
m.  John  Spear ;  r.  Rockland ;  three  sons  and  two  drs.  ;  one 
of  the  sons  d.  — VI.  Briggs,  b.  March  3,  1787  ;  m.,  Feb.  3, 
1817,  Ruth  Rowell ;  r.  S.  Thomaston  ;  has  six  sons.  —  VII. 
Alden,  b.  Dec.  7,  1788;  d.  Oct.  15,  1792.  — VIII.  Otis,  b. 
March  9,  and  d.  April  29,  1791.  —  IX.  Brackett,  b.  Thomas- 
ton, Jan.  28,  1793;  r.  S.  Thomaston;  m.,  first,  Dec.  25, 
1816,  Nancy  Matthews,  who  d.  Aug.  21,  1827,  and  had 
five  drs.  ;  and,  second,  Jan.  1,  1834,  Eliza  Kelloch,  of  War- 
ren; had  five  drs.  and  two  sons.  —  X.  Brinton,  b.  April  18, 
1795;  r.  S.  Thomaston;  m.,  Harriet  Perry,  Jan.  1822,  and 
had  eight  sons  and  two  drs.  —  XL  Charles,  b.  Feb.  12, 
1798;  m.  Jane  Houston  Russ,  of  Camden,  Feb.  1,  1825; 
had  1.  Lucy  Jane,  b.  April  14,  1826.  2.  Charles  Edwin, 
b.  April  20,  1828.  3.  William  Henry,  b.  April  8,  1831  ; 
d.  June  .7,  1831.  4.  William  Thomas,  b.  May  19,  1832. 
5.  Sarah  Elizabeth,  b.  March  12,  1835.  6.  Roswell,  b. 
Jan.  6,  1837;  d.  Jan.  11,  1838.  7.  Isabella  Cecilia,  b. 
Aug.  7,  1839.  8.  Albert  Xavier,  b.  Dec.  19,  1841.  — XII. 
Sukey,  or  Susan,  b.  Aug.  29,  and  d.  Sept.  15,  1800. 

Butler,  Joseph,  br.  of  Phinehas,  b.  at  Framingham, 
April,  1764  ;  was,  like  John  and  Phinehas  Butler,  but  later, 
bound  to  Dr.  Taylor  till  twenty-one  years  of  age.  He  m. 
Margaret  Martin,  of  Bristol ;  went  with  his  son  Martin  to 


V        BUTLER.  437 

the  western  part  of  Pennsylvania,  where  he  spent  a  few 
of  the  last  years  of  his  life  in  the  practice  of  medicine, 
for  ^rhich  he  was  never  regularly  educated.  He  had  —  I. 
Nancy,  b.  Feb.  18,  1790  ;  m.,  1809,  Pelatiah  Pease,  of  Apple- 
ton  Ridge.  — II.  John,  b.  Jan.  28,  1792;  d.  Sept.  16,  1831  ; 
m.,  1814,  Sally  Ulmer,  of  Thomaston;  f.  of  1.  Elizabeth,  b. 
Sept.  28,  1814.  2.  Margaret^h.  Sept.  22,  1817.  3.  Har- 
riet, b.  Dec.  18,  1820.  4.  Jane,  b.  April  13,  1822.  5. 
Matthias,  b.  Aug.  7,  1824.  6.  Nancy,  b.  April  21,  1827. 
7.  Ephraim,  b.  Oct.  17,  1829.  — HI.  Martin,  b.  March  12, 
1794._IV.  Susannah,  b.  June  25,  1796.  — V.  Peggy,  b. 
Dec.  9,  1798;  m.  Daniel  Roakes,  of  Appleton,  in  1819. — 
VI.  Mary,  b.  Feb.  25,  1802;  m.  a  Sprague.  —  VII.  Wil- 
liam, b.  Nov.  15,  1805  ;  d.  Dec.  5,  1803;  and  probably  others. 

Butler,  Phinehas,^  son  of  Phinehas  and  Bathsheba 
(Graves)  Butler,  was  b.  at  Framingham,  Mass.,  April  8, 
1758  ;  m.,  Oct.  18,  1781,  Milea,  dr  of  Oliver  Robbins,  of 
East  Thomaston  or  Rockland,  where  he  and  his  wife  are  now 
living.  Descendants  —  I.  William,  b.  April  11,  1782;  r. 
Thomaston;  m.,  first,  Judith  Loring,  of  Thomaston;  and, 
second,  Jane  Singer,  of  Thomaston ;  had  ten  ch.  all  b.  in 
Thomaston.  — II.  Sarah,  b.  April  20,  1784;  d.  Nov.  26, 
1792.  — III.  Shepard,b.  March  21,  1786;  d.  Dec.  17, 1795. 
—  IV.  Phinehas,  b.  April.  13,  1788;  r.  Union;  m.,  first; 
Catherine  Ulmer,  of  Thomaston,  and  had  twelve  ch. ;  and, 
second,  Hannah  Demerritt,  of  Liberty,  in  1833;  had  two 
ch. ;  and,  third.  Silence  Jameson,  of  Warren  ;  ch.  1 .  George 
Washington,  b.  June  10,  1809  ;  m.  Eleanor  Collins,  and  had 
(1).  Rachel  Collins,  b.  Aug.  8,  1829  ;  (2).  Catha- 
rine Ulmer,  b.  June  11,  1831  ;  (3).  Susannah  Ro- 
binson, b.  May  28,  1833;  (4).  M  ar  y  Ann  D  o  dge, 
b.  March  16,  1835;  (5).  H  o  s  ea  Collins,  b.  Jan.  14, 
1837;  (6).  John  Spear,  b.  March  28,  1839  ;  (7).  Al- 
bert Collins,  b.  Aug.  8,  1841  ;   (8).  Clara  Ellen,  b. 

^  The  Lime  Rock  Gazette,  published  at  East  Thomaston,  Nov.  8, 
1849,  says,  "  Our  corre-ipondent  at  Union  furnishes  us  with  the  fol- 
lowing remarkable  and  almost  unparalleled  piece  of  family  history, 
*  On  Sept.  7,  1849,  a  child  was  born  in  Searsmont,  who  has  five  great- 
great- grandparents  still  surviving,  viz. :  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Phinehas  But- 
ler, of  Thomaston  ;  -Mr.  and  Mrs.  Thomas  Robinson,  of  Liberty  ;  and 
Mrs.  Elizabeth  Ulmer,  of  Thomaston.  The  ages  of  these  great- great- 
grandjiarents  are  92,  85,  88,  88,  8-5,  respectively.  The  little  one  is  also 
■blessed  with  three  great-grandparents  and  four  grandparents,  together 
with  a  host  of  other  relatives.'  " 


438  FAMILY   REGISTER. 

Sept.  21,  1843;  d.  Oct.  23,  1835.  2.  Elioenai  Crocket, 
b.  Sept.  11,  1810.  3.  Thomas  Jefferson,  b.  July  18,  1812; 
m.,  in  1834,  Harriet  Kinney,  of  Liberty  ;  r.  South  Thomas- 
ton;  had  (1).  Andrew  Jackson,  b.  April  15,  1835; 
(2).  Eunice  Aroline,  b.  Sept.  5,  1836.  4.  Sally  Ul- 
mer,  b.  Aug.  8,  1814.  5.  Eunice  Gallop,  b.  April  16, 
1816.  6.  Catharine  Sarepta,  b.  May  1,  1818.  7.  Joanna 
Dean,  b.  July  17,  1820.  8.  Mima  Rohhins,  b.  Sept.  11, 
1822;   d.  July  17,  1850;  u.      9.   Lucy  Tolman,  h.  Jan.  20, 

1825.  10.  Hannah  Richardson,  b.  Nov.  15,  1826.  11, 
Phinehas  Shephard,  b.  March  9,  1828;  d.  Jan.  7,  1832. 
12.  Maria  Jane,  b.  April  23,  1830.  IS.. Phinehas  Walker, 
b.  Jan.  6,  1834.  14.  Melea  E.,  b.  Jan.  4,  1835;  d.  Sept. 
26,  1849.  — V.  Melea,  b.  Feb.  23,  1790;   d.  Sept.  9,  1792. 

—  VI.  George,  b.  Aug.  27,  1792  ;  r.  Thomaston ;  m.,  Feb. 
24,  1820,  Mima,  dr.  of  Jessa  Robbins,  of  Union;  and  had 
1.  Ruth  Pearce,  b.  Sept.  7,  1821  ;  m.,  Sept.  1,  1844,  Albert 
Sleeper,  of  South  Thomaston;  and  is  f.  of  (1).  Mary 
Arobine,  b.  June  21,  1845.  2.  Catharine  XJlmer,  b. 
April  21,  1824;  m.,  Sept.  5,  1844,  William  Glidden  Colby, 
of  Patricktown ;  and  had  (1).  William  Franklin, 
b.  June  15,  1846;  (2).  Albion  Cephas,  b.  April  28, 
1848  ;  (3).  a  son,h.  1850.    3.  George  Washington,h.  Feb.  22, 

1826.  4.  Walter  Amandar,\).  June  12,  1829.  5.  Caroline 
Augusta,  b,  March  22,  1832.  6.*  Jason  Robbins,  b.  Jan.  17, 
1835.  7.  Laura. An geline,  b.  June  16,  1837.  8.  Lucinda 
Arobine,  b.  Nov.  21,  1839.  9.  Shepard  P.,  b.  Oct.  23, 
1845. — VII.  Levi,  b.  Jan.  22,  1795  ;  r.  Appleton  ;  m.,  first, 
Lucy  Tolman,  of  Thomaston;  and,  second,  January,  1848, 
Mary,  dr.  of  John  Walker.  —  VIII.  Melea,  b.  Oct.  18,  1797; 
m.,  Dec.  24,  1829,  Samuel  Dean;  r.  South  Thomaston. — 
IX.  Joanna,  b.  Oct.  20,  1800;  m.  Israel  Dean,  of  South 
Thomaston;  had  ten  ch.  —  X.  Walter,  b.  Nov.  22,  1802; 
m.  Joanna  Packard,  of  Nobleborough ;  r.  Rockland. 

Butler,  ThoxMas,  b.  July  15,  1769,  at  Tisbury,  was  son 

of  Thomas  Butler,  whose  w,  was  a  Mayhew.     He  came  to 

^     Union  in   May,   1791  ;    m.   widow    Katharine    Toothaker, 

dr.  of  Benjamin  and  Elizabeth  (Hathaway)  Daggett,  who 

was  b.  at  Dartmouth,  Nov.  25,  1772,  and  d.  Aug.  21,  1849. 

—  I.  Waldron  Stone,  b.  Jan.  6,  1801  ;  m.,  July  5,  1838, 
Harriet,  dr.  of  Otis  Bills;  and  has  1.  Otis  Nelson,  b.  Oct. 
24,  1839.  2.  Eben  Edward,  b.  Sept.  4,  1841.  —  II.  Jeruel, 
b.  Feb.  14,  1802;  r.  homestead;  u. 


CARRIEL.  439 

Carriel,  or  Carroll,  David,  of  Groton  or  Sutton, 
Mass.;  unsuccessful  as  a  merchant  in  Charlestown,  Mass., 
where  he  m.  Patty  Leathers;  t.  1797  ;  purchased  the  farm 
about  one-third  of  a  mile  north  of  the  Common ;  sold  it  to 
Dr.  Sibley;  and  d.  Sept.  20,  1837,  set.  seventy-two.  His 
wife  lived  in  Charlestown  when  it  was  burnt  by  the  British, 
and  it  is  said  was  with  her  father  in  the  last  boat  that,  be- 
fore the  battle,  crossed  Mystic  River  with  any  of  the  citizens. 
She  d.  March  4,  1829,  aged  fifty-eight.  They  had  — I.  David, 
b.  Jan.  21, 1792.  —  II.  Nathan,  b.  March  17, 1793  ;  carpenter; 
m.  twice  (once  to  Betsey  Bartlett,  of  Springfield,  Mass.),  and 
d.  at  Springfield,  June  20,  1849.  — III.  Benjamin,  b.  Sept.  17, 
1794  ;  a  mason;  went  to  Manchester  [?],  Ohio,  where  he 
m.  twice.  —  IV.  George,  b.  June  21,  1796;  paper-maker; 
m.  in  Taunton,  Mass. ;  r.  Conn.  —  V.  William,  b.  March  5, 
1798  ;  d.  at  Gardiner,  June  4,  1815.  —  VI.  John,  b.  Jan.  7, 
1801  ;  paper-maker;  r.  Suffield,  Conn.,  many  years,  now  at 
New  Marlborough,  Conn. ;  w.  Ann.  —  VII.  Patty,  or  Mar- 
tha, b.  Feb.  1,  1803;  m.,  first,  April  8,  1824,  Cyrus  Nye; 
and  had  1.  Edward  Thomas,  b.  Aug.  9,  1825.  She  m., 
second,  Dec.  12,  1833,  Charles  Foglcr  ;  and  had  2.  Cyrus 
Nye,  b.  Nov.  9,  1834.  3.  Mary  Frances,  b.  Oct.  20,  1836. 
4.  John  Fairfield,  b.  May  24,  1839.  5.  Martha  Ann,  b. 
April  19,  1841.— VIII.  Phebe,  b.  Jan.  23,  1805;  m.,  first, 
July  3,  1823,  Obadiah  Morse;  and,  second,  April  14,  1847, 
James  Adams  Ulmer,  of  Thomaston,  by  whom  she  had  her 
fifth  child,  Matilda  Morse,  b.  Oct.  8,  1848. —IX.  Han- 
nah, b.  Feb.  22,  1807  ;  m.  Jesse  Robbins,  jun.,  and  d.  Au- 
gust, 1843.  — X.  Charles,  b.  Feb.  5,  1809;  started  for 
Ohio  ;  never  heard  from ;  supposed  lost  in  a  steamboat, 
which  exploded  about  the  time. — XI.  Isaac,  b.  Feb.  7, 
1811;  d.  March  6,  1830.  — XII.  Lydia,  b.  Dec.  6,  1812; 
m.,  first,  Ralph  Rising,  of  Suffield,  Conn.;  and  had  1. 
Ralph  Wesley,  b.  March  3,  1839.  She  m.,  second,  Thurston 
Whiting,  of  Union ;  and  had  2.  Frederick  Parker,  b. 
March  22,  1844.  3.  Mary  Buxton,  b.  Feb.  6,  1846.— 
XIII.  Amos,  b.  in  1814. 

Carriel,  Jonathan,  br.  of  David,  was  b.  at  Sutton, 
Mass.;  d.  Sept.  5,  1827,  aged  seventy ;  came  June,  1796, 
from  Groton,  Mass.  His  wife,  Sibyl,  d.  March  31,  1842, 
aged  eighty  ;  had  ch.,.  the  first  eight  not  b.  in  Union.  —  I. 
Jonathan,  b.  May  29,  1782  ;  m..  May,  1808,  Rachel  Ripley, 
who  d.  Feb.  3,  1814,  aged  twenty-nine;  had  1.  Danford, 


440  FAMILY   REGISTER. 

b.  Jan.  4,  1810;  m.,  1841,  Harriet  Norwood;  ch.  (1). 
Marcel  lus,  b.  June  23,  1842;  d.  Sept.  13,  1848  ;  (2). 
Sylvanus  Roscoe,  b.  Jan.  17,  1844;  d.  Sept.  19, 
1848;  (3).  Aurelius,  b.  Sept.  11,  1845;  d.  Sept.  2, 
1848;  (4).  Rachel  Helen,  b.  May  28,  1847;  (5). 
Flora  R.,  b.  April  6,  1849.  2.  Mahala,  b.  July  20, 
1812;  d.  March  5,  1817.  — II.  Betsey,  b.  March  22,  1784; 
m.,  October,  1806,  Abram  Ripley,  of  Appleton,  and  d. — 
III.  Sibyl,  b.  Jan.  11,  1786;  u.  —  IV.  Nathaniel,  b.  Jan. 
29,  1788;  m.  Rebecca  Goodspeed,  and  d. — V.  Polly,  b. 
April  29,  1790;  m.,  October,  1810,  Archelaus  Ripley;  and 
d.  July,  1850.  — VI.  Sally,  b.  April  3,  1792;  d.  March  11, 
1820  ;  m.,  1814,  Samuel  Norwood,  from  St.  George,  who  d. 
Aug.  31,  1828,  a3t.  thirty-eight;  had  1.  Harriet,  b.  Sept. 
18,  1815.  2.  Sa7nuel,  b.  April  12,  1817  ;  m.  Sibyl  Carriel  ; 
and  had  (1).  Ly  sander,  b.  Aug.  7,  1840  ;  (2).  Sarah, 
b.  Dec.  25,  1841;  (3).  Sally,  b.  June  9,  1819. —VII. 
Patty,  b.  Feb.  13,  1794;  u.  —  VIII.  Joseph,  b.  April  27, 
1796;  d.,  of  consumption,  June  2,  1817.  —  IX.  Lucy,  b. 
Jan.  8,  1798;  m.,  Oct.  17,  1822,  James  Bryant;  and  d. — 
X.  Greenard,  b.  Nov.  1,  1800  ;  m.  Eliza  Clark,  of  Stratham, 
N.  H. ;    and    d.    April  11,    1850.  — XI.  Stephen,  b.    Sept. 

18,  1802;  m.,  1827,  Jane  West  Tobey  ;  and  had  1.  Syl- 
vester Brown,  b.  March  2,  1828.  2.  Leander  Tobey,  b. 
Feb.  12,  1831.  Adelia  West,  b.  July  13, 1833.  4.  Charles, 
d.     5.  Augustus   Greenwood.     6.  Albion  Dudley,  b.  Aug. 

19,  1843.  — XII.  Olive,  b.  July  31,  1804;  u.  — XIII. 
Silas,  b.  Feb.  25,  1809  ;  m.  Sally,  dr.  of  John  Ripley. 

Case,  Barnard,  came  from  Martha's  Vineyard  in  1787, 
and  did  much  in  laying  out  the  town.  He  lived  first  on  the 
east  side  of  Sunnybec  Pond  (where  Alpheus  Collamore 
afterward  settled) ;  and,  secondly,  on  the  farm  of  Thomas 
Butler.  He  was  considered  an  excellent  scholar  for  the 
place  and  the  time,  taught  school,  worked  some  as  a  black- 
smith, and  was  very  much  respected.  In  consequence  of  his 
recommendation,  the  purpose  of  making  a  Common  of  the 
Old  Burying  Ground  hill  was  abandoned.  It  is  said  that 
he  recommended  the  spot  near  where  the  canal  crosses  the 
road  ;  also  the  present  Common.  Before  many  of  the  roads 
were  laid  out,  he  surveyed  and  recommended  one  from  the 
neighborhood  of  the  Reuben  Hills  farm,  to  run  south-east, 
along  west  of  Levi  Morse's,  and  perhaps  forty  rods  east  of 
the  falls  at  South  Union,  in  a  direct  line  to  Warren.     His 


CLARK.  —  CUMMIN  GS.  441 

wife  d.  at  Tisbury  before  he  came.     He  d.  of  consumption 
at  George  West's. 

Clark,  Asa  (w.  Mary);  a  blacksmith;  t.  1799;  from 
Boston ;  r.  near  Calvin  Gleason's ;  moved  to  Newburgh ; 
ch.,  the  first  three  b.  Boston,  —  I.  Allen,  b.  April  2,  1791. 
—  II.  Sally,  b.  April  4,  1794.  — III.  Peter  M.,  b.  Nov.  23, 
1796— IV.  Mary,  b.  July  14,  1799.  — V.  John,  b.  Oct.  27, 
1800.  — VI.  Willard,  b.  April  1,  1803. 

Coffin,  Uriah,  in  some  way  connected  with  the  Dag- 
getts  in  coming  to  town;  t.  1791,  and  several  years  after- 
ward ;  had  aw.;  c. ;  believed  to  have  gone  back  to  Martha's 
Vineyard. 

CuMMiNGs,  or  Comings,  Richard  (ninth  child  of 
Samuel  and  Susanna  Comings),  b.  Sharon,  Feb.  19,  1750, 
O.S.  ;  m.,  March  8,  1774,  Elizabeth,  dr.  of  Philip  Robbins. 
They  had  — I.  David,  b.  Nov.  2,  1775;  m.,  March  12, 
1799,  Rosanna  Kelloch,  commonly  pronounced  Kellar,  of 
Warren,  and  d.  March  24  (not  17),  1842;  ch.  1.  George, 
b.  Dec.  3,  1799  ;  m.,  first,  Freelove  Dedman,  Sept.  2,  1827, 
who  d.  Feb.  22,  1839,  set.  31  ;  and,  second.  May  8,  1839, 
Avis,  widow  of  Sanford  Hills  ;  and  had  (1).  Loan  a,  b.  June 
24,  1828;  d.  Sept.  11,  1828;  (2).  Loammi  Dedman, 
b.  Sept.  2,  1829;  (3).  George  Ethel,  b.  Jan.  29, 
1832;  (4).  Plympton,  b.  June  9,  1837.  2.  John,  b. 
Aug.  8,  1801;  m.  and  r.  Belmont;  killed  in  a  skirmish 
with  Indig,ns  in  Texas,  sometime  before  the  Mexican  war. 
3.  Milton  Rohbins,  b.  Aug.  26,  1803;  m.  Susan  Copp,  of 
Merimachi ;  r.  Appleton.  4.  Avis,  b.  Oct.  31,  1805;  m. 
Isaac  Fuller,  and  d.  5.  Samuel,  b.  Nov.  20,  1807  ;  m.,  first, 
March  21,  1838,  Elvira  Jane  Litchfield,  who  d.  Aug.  25, 
1842;  and,  second,  1843,  Paulina  Pottle  Robertson;  and 
had  (1).  Viletta  Adelaide,  b.  March  4,  1839;  (2). 
Aurelia  Ann,  b.  June,  1844,  d.  Nov.  1847;  (3).  George 
Watson,  b.  Dec.  1845,  d.  July,  1849;  (4).  Elzora, 
b.  June,  1847;  d.  Oct.  1848;  (5).  Elvira  Paulina,  b. 
April  23,  1850.  6.  Esther,  b.  Nov.  29,  1809;  m.,  Sept. 
15,  1836,  Caleb  O.  Billings,  of  Northport ;  r.  Belfast.  7. 
Eleanor,  b.  July  1,  1812;  m.,  1841,  Brice  Jameson,  of 
Warren.  8.  Joseph  Oilman,  b.  March  9,  1815;  m.  Mar- 
garet Kelloch,  from  Warren,  and  has  Amos;  Avis  M. ; 
Samuel  L.,  b.  March  1,1847;  Susannah  E.,  b.  Aug. 
18,  1849.  9.  Otis,  b.  Feb.  27,  1819;  m.  Abby  Pendleton,  of 
38 


442  FAMILY   KEGISTER. 

Northport,  and  lives  there,  —r  II.  Esther,  b.  Oct.  9,  1777  ;  d. 
May  11,  1793  [see  page  69].  — III.  Polly,  b.  Feb.  17,  1780; 
d.  Dec.  18,  1781.— IV.  Elizabeth,  or  Betsey,  b.  Oct.  25, 
1781  ;  m.  Samuel  Perham,  March  6,  1800,  who  was 
drowned  in  St.  George's  River,  in  Warren ;  had  1 .  OtiSy 
who  d.  2.  William,  m.  Cecilia  Tobey,  of  Jefferson,  and  d. 
at  sea.  3.  Mary,  m.  George  Tobey  ;  r.  Jefferson,  a  widow. 
—  V.  Susanna,  b.  April  30,  1783  ;  m.,  July  11,  1798,  John 
Mahoney;  r.  Lincolnville.  —  VI.  Sally,  b.  Feb.  18,  1785;  m., 
first,  John  Robinson,  of  Hope,  Feb.  6,  1831  ;  and,  second. 
Franc.   Fletcher,   of  Lincolnville.  —  VII.    Philip,    b.   May 

6,  1787;  m.  Hannah  Grafton;  r.  Waldoborough ;  had  1. 
Ambrose,  b.  Sept.  16,  1812  ;  m.  Mary  Ann  Nash,  of  Waldo- 
borough.  2.  Polly  Grafton,  b.  Dec.  10,  1814;  m.  Wallace 
Cunningham;  r.  Belfast.  3.  Sarah,  b.  Dec.  27,  1816;  m. 
Silas  Law.  4.  Hannah,  m.  Saul  Benner,  of  Waldoborough  ; 
r.  there.  5.  Philip,  m.  Clarissa  Burns,  of  Waldoborough; 
r.  there.     6.  Eliza,  m.  William  Kelloch  ;  r.  Waldoborough. 

7.  Pierce.  8.  Ignatius  Sherman.  —  VIII.  Suell,  b.  Jan. 
2,  1789;  m.,  Feb.  4,  1818,  Sophia  Barnard;  had  1.  Phi- 
lena,h.  Sept.  24,  1819;  d.  Oct.  3,  1843.  2.  Jason  Rob- 
hins,  b.  May  31,  1821  ;  m.  Abby  Maria  S.  Stoddard,  of 
Boston,  July  18,  1847.  3.  Leonard  Barnard,  b.  June  28, 
1823.  4.  Lydia  Maxcy,  b.  June  28,  1825.  5.  Josiah,h.  July 
30,  1827.  6.  Maria,  b.  Nov.  5,  1829.  7.  Delana,  b.  Oct. 
9,  1831.  8.  Nancy,  b.  Feb.  8,  1834.  9.  Suell,  b.  April 
22,  1837.  10.  William  Augustus,  b.  March  24,  1«42.  —  IX. 
Melinda,  b.  Jan.  2,  1791  ;  m.,  first,  James  Fuller,  Jan.  22, 
1817  ;  and,  second,  his  brother  Givens.  —  X.  Chloe,  b.  May 
2,  1792;  m.,  Jan.  1,  1813,  Alpheus  Collamore  (whose  first 
wife  was  Deborah  Grinnell),  and  had  1.  Deborah  Grin- 
nell,  b.  Jan.  10,  1814  ;  m.,  1837,  Benjamin  Brown,  jun.,  of 
Appleton.  2.  Elbridge  Gerry,  b.  July  10, 1815.  3.  Melenda 
C,  b.  Oct.  29,  1816.  4.  Elison,  b.  Sept.  5,  1818.  5. 
Jane,  b.  March,  1820.  6.  Susan,  b.  Sept.  26,  1822.  7. 
Nancy,  b.  Dec.  8,  1823.  8.  Richard,  b.  Jan.  20,  1826. 
9.  Polly,  b.  July  4,  1829.  10.  Andrew  Jackson,  b.  Dec. 
11,  1831.  — XL  Richard,  b.  July  27,  1794;  m.,  March  1, 
1821,  Elsie  Robinson,  of  Hope. 

CusHMAN,  Matthew  Smith,  carpenter;  t.  1797;  bought 
the  place  now  owned  by  N.  D.  Rice ;  returned  to  Belling- 
ham,  Mass.,  and  moved  to  Providence,  R.  I.  By  w.  Cyn- 
thia had —  L  Sabin,  b.  Aug.  5,  1796;  m. ;  r.  Bellingham. 


or  J 

—  II.  Asa,  b.  Oct.  27,-1798  ;  shoemaker;  r.  Providence. — 
III.   Smith,  b.  Nov.  15,  1800. 

Daggett,  Aaron,  fourth  child  of  Thomas  ;  m.  Rebecca, 
dr.  of  Stephen  Peabody,  of  Warren ;  went  to  sea,  and  was 
probably  lost.  He  had  —  I.  Ruth,  b.  Jan.  1,  1792;  m. 
Jacob  Kuhn,  of  Waldoborough,  in  1816;  had  1.  William 
Harriman^  m.  Julia  Augusta  Groton ;  and  had  (1).  Ange- 
lina, b.  1845;  (2).  William  Franklin,  b.  July, 
1847.  2.  Peter,  lost  at  sea.  3  and  4.  Twins,  Albert,  who 
d.,  and  Gilbert.  5.  Almond  Orlando.  —  II.  Olive,  b. 
Feb.  2,  1794;  m.,  Jan.  8,  1818,  George  Clouse,  of  Waldo- 
borough,  who  d.  Nov.  22,  1825;  leaving  1.  Horatio  Nel- 
son, b.  April  22,  1822;  seaman,  farmer;  r.  Union.  2. 
Angelica  Frances,  b.  Sept.  2,  1824;  m.,  April  13,  1846, 
Gardner  Light,  of  Waldoborough ;  r.  Worcester,  Mass.  ; 
and  has  (1).  Mary  Frances,  b.  Sept.  10,  1848.  —  III. 
Peggy,  or  Margaret,  b.  July  17,  1796;  m.  Peleg  Wiley,  in 
1819;  and  had  1.  Almira,  m.  Oliver  Simmons,  of  Hope. 
2.  Aaron  Daggett.  3.  Ephraim.  4.  William  Hovey.  5. 
Jacob  Kuhn.     6.  Peleg.      7.   Rebecca;  d.      8.   Charles;  d. 

9.  Ruth  Kuhn.  —  IY.  Polly,  b.  Feb.  23,  1798;  d.  1802.— 
V.  Aaron,  b.  April  7,  1800;  d.  1801.  — VI.  Lucy,  b.  Nov. 

10,  1802;  m.  Abraham  Gushee,  of  Hope;  had  Frederic 
Augustus,  b.  August,  1825  ;  Louisa,  d.  young;  Rebecca,  m, 
Elijah  Ripley,  of  Hope  (who  has  (1)  Frederick,  b. 
July  5,  1847);  Almond;  Ambrose;  Elijah  Daggett.  —  VII. 
Elijah  A.,  b.  March  2,  1806;  M.D.  at  Bowdoin  College, 
1833  ;  physician  in  Waldoborough  ;  m.  Ruth  Ann  Waters, 
of  Jefferson;  and  had  1.  Ann,  b.  May  28,  1847.  2. 
Athearn.  —  VIII.  Aaron  Athearn,  b.  Dec.  17,  1808;  m. 
Bethiah,  dr.  of  William  Thompson;  had  1.  Simon  Elijah^ 
b.  in  Jefferson.  2.  A  dr.,  d.  in  Appleton.  3.  Emeline  Ore- 
ville,d.  1849.  4.  Morrill  Stanford,  h.  1845;  d.  1849.  5. 
Augusta,  d.  1849.  Mrs.  Aaron  Daggett,  m.,  second,  John 
Newbit,  of  Waldoborough,  in  1815;  and  had  Jonathan 
Newhall,  who  d.  in  1848. 

Daggett,  Matthew,  a  sea-captain,  who  followed  the 
sea  from  boyhood,  was  nephew  of  Thomas,  §enior ;  lived  a 
while  in  Union,  and  settled  in  Warren.  N.  Robbins,  Esq., 
said  the  first  national  vessel  was  built  for  a  present  to 
France.  On  going  out,-^he  anchored  off  Holmes's  Hole. 
It   being  Christmas,  the  officers  and  some  others  went  on 


444  FAMILY   REGISTER. 

shore  to  enjoy  themselves.  A  violent  storm  came  on.  The 
officers  could  not  get  on  board,  nor  the  seamen  from  the 
ship  to  the  shore.  Many  on  board  died.  Matthew  Dag- 
gett was  thawed  off  from  a  gun  to  which  he  had  been  frozen. 
Daggett,  Samuel,  b.  at  Tisbury,  May  19  (?) ;  d.  Oct. 
2,  1835,  set.  eighty-two;  son  of  Thomas  and  Rebecca 
(Athearn)  Daggett.  He  m.  Jedidah,  sister  of  Christopher 
Butler;  and  she  d.  Feb.  21,  1830.  They  had  — I.  Brother- 
ton,  b.  at  Tisbury,  Mass.,  Jan.  4,  1778  ;  m.,  first,  Sarah,  or 
Sally,  Kimball,  of  Bristol,  in  the  winter  of  1802-3;  and, 
second,  Mrs.  Emily  (Chadwick)  Marshall,  of  Thomaston, 
December,  1838,  who  d.  Oct.  14,  1844  ;  and  had  1.  Eleanor 
Martin,  b.  Jan.  7  or  30,  1804;  m.,  Dec.  29,  1834,  John 
Oakes.  2.  William,  b.  Aug.  27,  1805;  r.  Michigan.  3. 
Mary,  b.  May  18,  1808;  d.  June  4,  1830.  4.  Sophronia, 
b.  March  4,  1810;  m.,  March  5,  1833,  Jonathan  D.  Breck ; 
r.  Brighton,  Mass.  5.  Orinda,  b.  Dec.  26,  181 1  ;  m.  Reuben 
Sherror;  r.  Thomaston.  6.  Arunah  Weston,  b.  Feb.  16, 
1814;  m.  a  Whitney  ;  r.  Bangor.  7.  Timothy  Kimball,  en- 
gineer oi  a  steamboat,  b.  Feb.  26,  1816;  r.  Mobile,  Ala. 
8.  Eliza  Mitchell,  b.  Aug.  8,  1818.  9.  Elvira,  b.  Nov.  17, 
1820;  m.  George  Hatch,  of  Thomaston ;  r.  Boston.  10. 
Brotherton,  b.  Nov.  25,  1822;  r.  Boston.  11.  George 
Bartlett,  b.  Aug.  23,  1824;  m.  Mary  Jane,  dr.  of  John 
Burns;  r.  homestead ;  had  Reuben  Sherrod,  b.  Feb. 
1,  1849,  who  d.  Feb.  16,  1850.  12.  Elisha  Harding, 
b.  Sept.  6,  1827;  r.  Thomaston.  —  II.  James,  b.  Sept.  9, 
1779,  at  Tisbury;  m.,  in  Waldoborough,  Aug.  31,  1800, 
Deborah  Upham,  from  Bristol ;  r.  Hodgdon  ;  had  1 .  James, 
b.  Jan.  22,  1802.  2.  Isaac,  b.  Nov.  2,  1803;  drowned  in 
the  Penobscot ;  and  others.  —  III.  Polly,  b.  May  12,  1781  ; 
m.  Thomas  Mitchell. — IV.  Jonathan,  b.  May  20,  1783; 
m.,  first,  in  1 804,  Betsey  Martin,  of  St.  George  ;  and,  second, 
Mary  Robinson,  of  Belmont.  They  had  issue,  1.  Athearn,  b. 
Sept.  1,  1805  ;  d.  July  5,  1806.  2.  John,  b.  Aug.  29,  1806; 
m.  in  Waldoborough ;  killed  by  a  fall  in  the  night  from  the 
haymow;  left  a  widow  and  two  children.  3.  Wilbert,  b. 
Oct.  30,  1807;  m.  Susan  Lair,  or  Lehr ;  r.  Waldoborough. 
4.  Julia  Ann,^h.  March  17,  1809;  d.  Aug.  21,  1814.  5. 
Richard  Martin,  b.  Jan.  15,  1811.  6.  Sarah,  b.  Feb.  13, 
and  d.  Nov.  7,  1813.  7.  Silvia  Weston,  b.  Aug.  6.  1814, 
m.  a  Wing ;  r.  Belmont.  He  also  had  other  ch.,  all  by  the 
first  wife.  — V.  William,  b.   April   9,  1785;  m.,  in  1813, 


DAGGETT.  445 

Silvia  Churcli  Weston;  and  had  1.  Amelia^  b.  Feb.  26, 
1814.  2.  Sarah  Ann,  b.  Aug.  23,  1815.  3.  Jane  Tohey, 
b.  Oct.  9,  1818  ;  m.  a  Crawford,  in  Searsmont.  4.  Joshua, 
b.  Sept.  16,  1820  ;  r.  Bristol.  5.  Nancy  Alford,  b.  Oct.  25, 
1822.  6.  Lucy  Weston,  b.  Jan.  11,  1825.  7.  Margery, 
b.  June  22,  1827;  d.  Jan.  8,  1828;  also  others.  —  VI. 
Samuel,  b.  Oct.  15,  1792;  d.  Oct.  11,  1846;  m.,  first,  in 
1817,  Priscilla  Coggan ;  and,  second,  Mrs.  Sarah,  dr.  of 
Jacob  Wade,  and  widow  of  Jacob  Stetson.  He  had  1. 
Augusta  Bachelder,  b.  Aug.  24,  1818;  m.,  1840,  George 
Barter,  of  Thomaston.  2.  Martha,  b.  Aug.  7,  1822;  d. 
Sept.  16,  1823.  3.  Hancey,  b.  Nov.  6,  1825;  d.  Sept.  21, 
1842.  4.  Cyrenus  Chapin,  b.  Dec.  13,  1830  ;  also  two  ch. 
by  the  last  w. ;  one  of  them  d.  —  VII.  Ebenezer,  b.  Aug.  2, 
1797  ;  m.,  first,  in  1819,  Margaret  Miller,  of  Waldoborough, 
who  d.  May  31,  1830  ;  and,  second,  June  9,  1831,  her  sis- 
ter Salome;  had  1.  Cyrus,  b.  Oct.  22,  1819;  r.  in  Camden. 
2.  Thurston,  b.  Nov.  28,  1820;  m.  Rachel,  dr.  of  Androa 
Mitchell.  3.  Elzina,  b.  March  31,  1822;  m.  Reuben 
Ghentner,  of  Waldoborough  ;  lives  there.  4.  Barbara  D., 
b.  Nov.  30,  1823;  d.  Sept.  5,  1825.  5.  Mary  Miller,  \). 
June  4,  1825;  m.  George,  s.  of  Ebenezer  Robbins.  6. 
Erastus,  b.  April  23,  1827;  m.,  June  11,  1846,  Pamela 
Ripley,  of  Appleton.     7.  An  infant  child,  d.  May  31, 1830. 

8.  Lysander,  b.  Jan.  10,  1832;  seaman;  d.  June  10,  1850. 

9.  Charles  Miller,  b.  March  8,  1834.  10.  Clementine  C, 
b.  Oct.  26,  1835.  11.  Darius,  b.  March  18,  1838.  12. 
Harriet  D.  13.  J.  dr.,  who  d.  14.  Lucius  C.  15.  Angelia. 
—  VIII.  Daniel  Weston,  b.  May  19,  1 800  ;  d.  April  4,  1 833  ; 
m.,  Dec.  3,  1827,  Lydia  Jameson,  of  Warren;  had  issue,  I. 
Ozm5,b.  Sept.  29, 1828;  d.  Feb.  2, 1830.  2.  Daniel  0.,h.Ja.n, 
18,  1831.     The  widow  m.  Caswell,  who  committed  suicide. 

Daggett,  Thomas,  senior,  d.  May  15,  1806 ;  and  his  w., 
Rebecca  Athearn,  d.  Aug.  3,  1805.  They  had  Samuel; 
Thomas  ;  Hannah,  who  m.  a  Norton  on  Martha's  Vineyard  ; 
Aaron  ;  Rebecca,  who  m.  her  cousin,  Matthew  Daggett,  of 
Warren,  and  d.  October,  1848.  With  Thomas  Daggett, 
senior,  probably  came  Ebenezer,  a  blind  brother,  whom  he 
maintained,  and  who  d.  April  29,'l816,  aet.  seventy-eight; 
and  Andrew,  a  foolish  son,  who  also  d.  in  town. 

Daggett,  Thomas,  son  of  Thomas  and  Rebecca  (Athearn) 
Daggett,  d.  Jan.  13,  1822,  sixty-seven;  m.  Rebecca  Luce, 


446  FAMILY   REGISTER. 

who  d.  Feb.  6, 1832  ;  sister  of  Mrs.  C.  Butler.  They  had— - 
I.  Hannah,  b.  April  14, 1783  ;  d.,  of  consumption,  April  23, 
1826;  u.  —  II.  Berintha,  b.  Sept.  11,  1786;  m.,  April  23, 
1809,  John  Chapman  Bobbins  ;  and  d.  July  5,  1839.  —  III. 
Thomas,  Captain,  b.  June  4,  1788;  farmer  in  Searsmont ; 
went  to  sea  as  mate  of  a  vessel ;  became  acquainted,  on  his 
voyage  from  England,  with  an  English  lady,  Martha  Maid- 
man,  whom  he  m.  in  New  York  city,  and  returned  with  her 
to  his  farm.  She  spent  the  last  weeks  of  her  life  at  his 
father's,  in  Union,  where  she  d.,  of  consumption,  Aug.  23, 
1818,  aged  twenty-two,  having  had  one  child,  which  died 
young  in  Union.  Afterward  he  went  to  his  wife's  kindred 
in  New  York,  engaged  in  business,  and  d.  —  IV.  Sally,  b. 
May  6,  1790;  d. ;  m.,  Sept.  20,  1818,  Samuel  Goodwin,  of 
Searsmont;  had  ch.  —  V.  Edmund,  b,  Aug.  23,  1792  ;  m., 
1818,  Deborah,  dr.  of  Josiah  Keene,  of  Camden ;  r.  some 
years  on  the  homestead,  but  now  near  Hope  Corner  ;  ch.  1 . 
Frederic^  valise  and  trunk-maker,  b.  Aug.  13,  1819; 
m.,  Oct.  3,  1815,  in  New  York,  Helen  Lauretta,  dr.  of 
Captain  Lewis  and  Hannah  (Morse)  Bachelder ;  and  had 
(1).  Frederic  La  Forrest,  b.  Jan.  12,  1847,  d. 
April  5,  1849  ;  (2).  a  son,  b.  November,  1850.  2.  Martha, 
b.  March  7,  1821  ;  d.  March  16,  1823.  3.  Thomas,  a  gro- 
cer, b.  May  4,  1822;  d.  Philadelphia;  u.  4.  Ephraim 
Gay,  b.  July  31,  1824  ;  afflicted  with  epilepsy  and  mental 
and  religious  depression  and  derangement ;  took  the  life  of 
a  child  and  his  own  life,  in  Boxbury,  Mass.,  June  7,  1851. 
5.  Freeman  Luce,  valise  and  trunk-maker,  b.  F'eb.  8,  1827  ; 
r.  Boston.  6.  Lucinda,  b.  March  26,  1828  ;  d.  Oct.  1, 1831. 
7.  John  Sibley,  b.  Feb.  7,  1830;  r.  Bowdoin  College.  8. 
Sarah  Gay,  b.  Jan.  25,  1832;  m.,  1849,  John  Bich  ;  r. 
Hope.  9.  Patience  Hewett,  b.  June  1,  1834;  d.  young. 
10.  Esther.  11.  Mary.  12.  Helen.  13.  Caroline.  —  VI. 
Henry,  b.  Aug.  3,  1794;  m.,  Sept.  26,  1816,  Meribah  Jack- 
son ;  settled  in  Belmont,  and  moved  to  Wisconsin.  —  VII. 
Matthew,  b.  Oct.  1,  1798;  d.  Dec.  10,  1798. 

Daniels,  Nathan,  Deacon,  son  of  Henry  and  Lois 
(Pond)  Daniels,  b.  at  Franklin,  Mass.,  Sept.  7,  1771  ;  took 
up  land  where  he  settled,  in  the  easterly  part  of  the  town, 
probably  in  1797;  m.,  1797,  Lois  Ellis,  of  Franklin,  who 
d.  March  7,  1844,  aged  sixty-seven  years  eleven  months. 
They  had  —  I.  Lois,  b.  Oct.  10,  1 797  ;  m.  John  Payson,  May 
1,  1823;  ch.   1.  Nathan  Daniels,  b.  Jan.  6,  1825.     2.  John 


DANIELS.  —  DAVIS.  447 

Ellis,  b.  Aug.  8,  1826.  3.  George  Washington,  b.  Feb.  12, 
1828.  4.  Eliza  Ann,  b.  Jan.  30,  1831.  5.  James  Madison, 
b.  Oct.  28,  1836.  — II.  Ellis,  b.  Oct.  15,  1799  ;  m.  Freelove 
Wentworth  ;  r.  Hope.  They,  beside  others,  had  Sylvia  A. ; 
d.  Dec.  12,  1846,  aged  twenty-one  years,  ten  months, 
twenty-nine  days.  —  III.  Nathan,  b.  March  15,  1801,  m., 
June  2,  1825,  Mehitable,  dr.  of  Amos  Walker  ;  had  1.  Mary 
Elizabeth,  b.  May  13,  1826.  2.  Harriet  Newell,  b.  Feb. 
7,  1829;  m.,  Oct.  1849,  a  Hartford.  3.  Sarah  Eliza,  b. 
Sept.  18,  1831  ;  d.  Sept.  24,  1832.  4.  Joel,  b.  Dec.  10, 
1833.  5.  Levi,  b.  March  18,  1838.  — IV.  Milton,  b. 
April  12,  1803  ;  m.,  first,  in  1829,  Lucy,  dr.  of  Lewis  Rob- 
bins  ;  second,  in  1835,  Nancy  Miller;  had  1.  Lewis 
Robbins,  b.  March  3,  1831.  2.  Lucy  Ann,  b.  May  17, 
1837.  3.  Laura  Maria,  h.  May  15,  1842.  — V.  Eliza,  b. 
Nov.  29,  1804;  m.  Levi  Morse.  —  VI.  Joseph  Hawes,  b. 
Aug.  8,  1807;  m.,  Oct.  30,  1830,  Sarah,  dr.  of  Amos 
Walker;  and  had  1.  Edwin  Roscoe,  b.  March  8,  1831.  2. 
Lucy  Robbins,  b.  Nov.  3,  1833.  3.  Sarah  Eliza,  b.  March 
14,  1836.  4.  Zilpah  Ellis,  b.  Oct.  12,  1838.  5.  Joseph 
Henry,  b.  Aug.  8,  1841  ;  d.  Jan.  9,  1844.  6.  Lois  Ann,  b. 
June  24,  1844.  7.  Frances  E.,  b.  Oct.  8,  1848.  — VII. 
Fisher  Ames,  b.  Sept.  6,  1808;  m.,  Sept.  2,  1832,  Julia 
Ann  Gardner;  and  had  Obadiah  G.,h.  Aug.  26,  1833 
also  Lois,  d.  June  24,  1842,  aged  six  months  ;  and  probably 
others. —VIII.  Mary,  b.  Feb.  17,  1811;  m  ,  Jan.  1,  1838 
Edward  Taylor,  of  Hope;  and  d.  April  18,  1850.  — IX 
Julia,  b.  March  13,  1813  ;  d.  Feb.  26,  1841  ;  c.  ;  m.,  Nov 
28,  1839,  Zuinglius,  b.  June  10,  1812,  son  of  William  CoL 
lins.  Z.  C.'s.  second  w.  was  Julia  Ann  Bachelder.  —  X 
Rhoda  Cordelia,  b.  Aug.  22,  1815;  d.  Oct.  23,  1840;  m. 
Oct.  29,  1839,  George  L.  Folger,  of  Hope.  — XI.  Cynthia 
Abigail,  b.  July  31,  1818  ;  m.  Nathan  Robbins. 

Davis,  Mark,  from  Friendship;  t.  1797;  m.,  in  1799, 
Betsey  Pickering,  of  Fox  Islands,  who  is  said  to  have  origi- 
nated from  or  near  Portsmouth,  N.  H.  He  lived,  when  it  was 
burnt,  in  Capt.  Barrett's  old  house,  many  rods  north-west 
of  the  one  recently  burnt  on  the  spot  now  occupied  by  Gor- 
ham  Butler's. 

Davis,  Sterling,  t.  1799;  d.  Jan.  29,  1849;  m.  Jane, 
widow  of  Jason  Robbins;  had  —  I.  Jason,  b.  Marijh  13, 
1801  ;  m.  Chloe,  dr.  of  Josiah  Maxcy ;  had  1.  Elizabeth,  or 


448  FAMILY   REGISTER. 

Betsey,  b.  Aug.  1,  1824;  m.,  Jan.  20,  1848,  Calvin  Robin- 
son, of  Hope.  2.  Hervey  Maxcy,  b.  Sept  ^  8,  1826.  3. 
Statira,  b.  January,  1828  ;  m.,  Jan.  15,  1848,  Josiah  How- 
ard Shepard ;  has  (1).  Susan  Caroline,  b.  April  10, 
1850.  4.  Jane,  b.  November,  1831.  5.  William  Tilson, 
b.  January,  1834  (?).  6.  Roxana,  b.  July,  1835.  7. 
Chloe  Alvina,  b.  1838(1).  8.  Elvira  Rohhins,  b.  May  31, 
1843.  —  II.  Sterling,  b.  June  20,  1803;  m.,  1828,  Betsey 
Miller;  had  1.  Lucena  Keller,  b.  Aug.  15,  1829.  2. 
Joseph  Miller,  b.  Dec.  16,  1833.  — HI.  Wilber,  b.  Dec.  11, 
1808;  m.  Rosanna  Noyes,  of  Hope;  had  1.  Oscar.  2. 
Benjamin  Bussey.  3  and  4.  Twins  ;  Elisha  Harding  and 
Dexter  Hovey.  5.  A  daughter,  d.  few  months  old.  6.  Ed- 
win. 7.  Safah  Allen.  8.  Emily  Jane.  9.  Alice.  10. 
Marshall,  b.  July  16,  1848.  — IV.  Jane,  b.  April  27, 1810  ; 
m.,  1829,  William  Tilson,  jun.,  of  Thomaston ;  and  d. ; 
leaving  Davis,  a  cadet,  at  West  Point. 

Dunham,  Samuel,  r.  on  the  Simmons  Farm.  The  town 
records  say,  "  Moved  into  town  from  Warren,  sometime  in 
June,  1790,  Samuel  Dunham  and  Kate  Dunham  his  wife; 
Joseph  Dunham,  James  Dunham  and  Sarah  Dunham,  the 
children  of  Samuel  and  Kate  Dunham."  He  brought  into 
town,  "June  22,  1792,  from  Warren,  Mary  Sumner,  wife  of 
Ezra  Sumner,  Mary  Davis,  Liddia  Sumner  and  Charles 
Sumner."  It  is  said  that  he  was  not  faithful  to  his  wife. 
About  the  year  1794,  she,  becoming  a  little  deranged,  went 
to  visit  her  little  boy,  who  was  living  with  Capt.  William 
Starrett,  of  Warren,  with  whom  she  resided  when  m.  On 
her  way  back,  she  was  seen  fording  the  river  near  Hart's 
Falls,  and  afterward  near  Crawford's  Pond.  She  took  a 
hay-road,  went  into  the  woods,  and  was  lost.  About 
that  time  there  was  at  Warren  a  town-meeting.  The 
people  adjourned  to  the  next  day  for  the  purpose  of  ex- 
ploring the  woods.  The  search  was  unsuccessful.  About 
two  years  after  this,  William  Hart,  having  been  out  on  a 
trapping  excursion,  found  her  bones  and  a  piece  of  her 
gown  in  the  very  easterly  part  of  Union,  near  Grassy  Pond. 
Her  bones  were  taken  up,  and  buried  in  the  graveyard." 
He  moved  to  Friendship,  it  is  believed,  and  there  died. 
Probably  his  dr.  Abigail  m.,  June  13,  1796,  James  Pease, 
of  Barrets  Town. 

Dyer,  Rufus,  carpenter,  from  Bridge  water,  Mass. ;    t. 


DYER. ESENSA.  449 

1795;  r.  Appleton ;  m.,  March  5,  1797,  Abigail,  b.  1768, 
dr.  of  Jacob  and  Hannah.  (Jones)  Booth,  of  Gloucester, 
R.I.  —  I.  John,  b.  Sept.  7,  1800;  r.  Appleton;  m.,  first, 
May  1823,  Anna  Walker;  and,  second,  Lydia  McCurdy, 
in  1835;  had  \.  Anna  W.,h  Jan.  1825,  or  Feb.  21,  1826  ; 
2.  Fanny  W.,  b.  March  28,  1827,  or  March  28,  1828  ;  m., 
first,  Samuel  Leach  and  had  (1).  William.  S.  L.  went 
off",  and  she  m.,  second,  George  Cox,  in  1848,  and  had  (2). 
a  son,  d.  young,  3.  Infant  dr.',  d.  4.  i^wfws,  b.  April  4, 
1831.  — II.  Betsey,  b.  Sept.  14,1802;  d.  July  11,  1805. — 
III.  Abigail,  b.  Aug.  7,  1804  ;  m.  True  Door,  of  Harmony  ; 
and  d.  — IV.  Cecilia,  b.  July  10,  1806;  m.  Shadrach  Snell. 
EsENSA,^  Henky,  b.  Brunswick,  in  Hanover,  Germany ; 

*  Mr.  Esensa  belonged  to  the  cavalry  in  Germany,  came  to  Quebec 
under  Col.  Baum,  and  was  captured  by  Gen.  Stark  at  Bennington, 
■where  "  the  balls  flew  so  thick  he  did  not  think  one  soul  could 
escape  alive.  The  Hessian  cavalry,"  he  said,  "had  been  promised 
horses,  and  been  told  that  they  should  get  enough  from  the  rebels ; 
but  they  never  got  any."  He  described  Col.  Baum  as  a  man  of  "  re- 
markable appearance,  and  having  a  remarkably  brilliant  eye."  Esensa 
was  introduced  into  Waldoborough  by  Capt.  Schenck  ;  and  not  long 
after  the  battle,  while  yet  u.,  he  came  to  Union,  and  labored  in  com- 
pany with  Suchfort.  As  Suchtort  joined  the  British  army  in  Eng- 
land, and  Esensa  was  one  of  the  Hessians  despatched  from  Germany 
to  aid  the  British,  it  is  not  probable  that  they  ever  met  till  in  Stir- 
lington.  They  often  worked  together ;  and  so  similar  were  their 
movements  in  felling  trees  and  in  taking  hold  and  lifting  logs,  that 
one  of  them  remarked,  from  this  alone  he  should  have  known  the 
other  to  be  a  Hessian.  He  afterward  lived  several  years  in  Hope. 
Before  the  year  1800,  he  returned  to  Union,  and  bought  the  farm  now 
owned  by  Philo  Thurston,  about  one-third  of  a  mile  above  the  Mid- 
dle Bridge,  on  the  west  side  of  the  river.  After  he  had  been  from 
Germany  about  thirty  years,  he  was  thres.hing  grain  for  Mr,  Samuel 
Hills,  and  the  conversation  turned  on  Germany.  Hills  asked  him 
why  he  did  not  write  to  his  relatives  and  friends  there.  E.  asked 
Hills  to  write.  The  flails  were  thrown  down,  and  a  letter  immediately 
written,  superscribed  to  several  persons,  and  mailed,  without  much 
probability,  in  those  days,  of  his  receiving  a  reply.  An  answer  came 
from  friends  whom  he  had  left  thirty  years  before,  and  who  had  sup- 
posed him  to  be  dead.  The  joy  of  the  old  Hessian,  who  had  not 
heard  from  his  relatives  in  Germany  since  he  came  away,  could 
hardly  be  restrained.  In  consequence  of  this  movement,  he  received 
about  three  hundred  dollars,  which  had  been  reserved  for  him  from 
his  father's  estate,  and  was  a  great  relief  to  him  in  his  somewhat 
straitened  circumstances.  Towards  the  close,  of  life,  he  moved  to 
a  place  in  Appleton  beyond  Fossetts'  Mills,  where  he  d.  not  far  from 
the  year  1831.  The  graves  of  him  and  his  friend  Suchfort  are 
within  a  mile  and  a  half  of  each  other. 

In  the  burying-ground  of  West  Springfield,  Mass.,  is  a  gravestone 


450  FAMILY   REGISTER. 

m.  Susannah  Rolfe,  of  Bristol  (?),  and  had  children,  the  first 
four  b.  in  Hope.  —  I.  Peggy,  b.  Aug.  26,  1790.  ;  m.  John 
Stanley.  —  II.  Nancy,  b.  Dec.  7,  1792;  m.  —  III.  Charles, 
b.  Oct.  22,  1794;  m.  Sally  Overlock  ;  r.  Appleton.  —  IV. 
Susannah,  b.  Nov.  22,  1796;  m.  Peleg  House;  r.  Liberty. 

—  V.  Sally,  b.  Feb.  1 5,  1798  ;  m.  Daniel  Briggs  Grinnell.  — 
VI.  David,  b.  Nov.  23,  1799;  m.  thrice;  r.  near  Frederic- 
ton,  N.B. — VII.  Reuben,  b.  Sept.  21,  1801  ;  r.  Canada. — 
VIII.  Elizabeth,  b.  May  18,  1803.  — IX.  Henry,  b.  Aug. 
29,  1804;  r.  Appleton.  —  X.  Eunice,  b.  June  22,  1807; 
m.  John  Lermond  ;  r.  Appleton. 

EvERTOisr,  Zeph.,  came  with  William  Lewis  from  Thomas- 
ton  ;  t.  1791  and  1793;  worked  at  the  mills  by  the  Upper 
Bridge,  and  boarded  himself.  Mischievous  wags,  to  tease 
him,  accused  him  of  frying  doughnuts  in  a  tin  lantern.  He 
appears  to  have  been  a  "  likely,  respectable  "  man,  and, 
it  is  said,  afterward  was  toll-gatherer  at  the  bridge  in 
Thomaston,  where  he  d. 

Fairbanks,  John,  from  Sherburne,  Mass.;  b.  May  18, 
1 760  ;  probably  came  about  the  same  time  with  William 
Hart  and  Levi  Morse.  He  was  taxed  in  the  tax-bill  of 
1791,  but  did  not  reside  constantly  in  town.  He  m. 
Eunice,  b.  April  20,  1769,  dr.  of  Samuel  and  Sarah  Payson. 

—  I.  Abner  Hills,  b.  Nov.  15,  1789;  m.  Nancy  Mac , 

of  Parkman,  Ohio;  and  d.,  Feb.  10,  1826  or  1827  ;  and  had 
Maria,  who  m.  Rev.  Daniel  H.  Mansfield,  a  Methodist 
minister.  —  II.  Eunice  Payson,  b.  March  6,  1792;  m. 
Lewis  Robinson,  of  Hope ;  and  d.  —  III.  John  Noyes,  b. 
March  10,  1794;  m.,  June  16,  1822,  Martha  Preble;  ch. 
1.  Eunice  Payson,  b.  Aug.  4,  1823;  m.  John  Dean;  had 
(1).  a  son,  d.  one  week  old  ;  (2).  James  Gregory,  b. 
Sept.    1847;     (3).    John    Bartholomew,    b.    April, 

*'  In  memory  of  John  Andrew  Isense,  born  in  Little  Bivvene  :  \va3  a 
Dragoon  in  the  Prince  of  Brunswick's  Regiment;  who  was  killed  by 
lightning,  Aug.  16,  1780,  in  the  28th  year  of  his  age.  •  Ich  weiss  das 
main  Erloeser  lebt,  xind  er  wird  mich  wieder  aus  der  Erden  aufer- 
wecken.'  —  Job  xix.  25.  The  British  Dragoon  Isense  was  some 
twenty  feet  from  the  tree,  when  he  was  killed,  having  taken  shelter 
from  the  storm  under  .a  cock  of  hay."  See  Bridgman's  Inscriptions. 
The  German  pronunciation  of  Isense  is  the  same  as  the  English  of 
Esensa;  and  it  is  not  improbable,  both  being  Germans  and  engaged 
on  the  British  side  in  the  revolutionary  war,  that  they  may  have 
belonged  to  the  same  family. 


FAIRBANKS.  —  GAY.  451 

1850.  2.  Nancy  McMellen,  b.  April  1;  d.  March  18, 
1826(7).  3.  Martha  Elizabeth,  b.  Feb.  16,  1837;  m.  Wil- 
liam Boynton ;  r.  Bath ;  and  has  ch.  4.  John  Noyes, 
b.  Jan.  31,  1829.  5.  Henry  Norris,  b.  June  12,  1831.  6. 
Caroline  Olive,  b.  March  15,  1833;  d.  Sept.  4,  1833. 
7.  William  Franklin,  b.  July  11,  1834.  8.  George  Hollis, 
b.  Nov.  1,  1836.  9.  Clotilda  Ann,  b.  Dec.  2,  1838;  d. 
Dec.  2,  1838.  — IV.  Sarah,  or  Sally,  b.  Aug.  2,  1796;  m. 
Lewis  Wentworth,  previously  h.  of  her  sister.  —  V.  Hills, 
b.  Nov.  8,  1798.  — VI.  Caroline,  b.  Dec.  10,  1802;  m. 
Joseph  Gleason,  Nov.  25,  1827.  — VII.  Eliza,  b.  Dec.  12, 
1804;  m.  Lewis  Wentworth;  and  d.  March  1834.  —  VIII. 
Olive  C,  m.  John  Homes  Stewart. 

Fales,  Peter,  blacksmith,  m.  Chloe  Shepard,  came  from 
Attleboro',  Mass.,  about  1799;  settled  first  at  the  head  of 
Seven-tree  Pond,  and  afterward  on  the  farm  now  owned  by 
Moses  Morse,  and  returned  to  Mass.;  had  —  I.  Samuel  Tur- 
ner, b.  Dec.  8,  1797.  — II.  Sabry  Turner,  b.  Jan.  16,  1800. 
—  III.  Willard,  b.  Feb.  14,  1802.  — IV.  Lewis,  b.  March 
29,  1804.  —V.  John,  b.  Sept.  2,  1806.  One  of  his  children 
d.  1809. 

Gay,  Jonah,  t.  1794;  and  his  w.,  Mary  Thomas,  of  Me- 
duncook.  At  the  raising  of  a  saw-mill  on  the  west  side  of 
the  river,  at  the  Middle  Bridge,  Nov.  19,  1802,  the  broad- 
side began  to  sway  before  it  was  secured.  Gay,  seeing  it 
was  about  to  come  over,  sprang  and  seized  a  post  with  a 
view  to  prevent  it.  The  broadside  came  down.  The  end 
of  the  post  struck  him,  crushed  his  chin  and  chest  together, 
and  he  died  instantly.  His  w.  d.  March  13,  1843  ;  eighty- 
one  ;  ch. — I.  Abiel,  b.  July  22,  1791  ;  r.  Waldo;  m.  Ju- 
dith Say  ward,  of  Thomaston ;  had  1.  Mary,  b.  Sept.  19, 
1816;  d.  Oct.  18,  1822.  2.  Judith,h.  Dec.  4,  1818.  3. 
Clarinda,  b.  June  1,  1821  ;  d.  Oct.  17,  1821.  4.  Mary,  b. 
Feb.  13,  1823.  5.  AUel,  b.  Jan.  31,  1825.  6.  Sarah,  b. 
July  14,  1827  ;  d.  Aug.  29,  1832.  7.  Richard,  b.  May  13, 
1829;  d.  Aug.  24,  1832.  — II.  James,  b.  May  2,  1793;  d. 
in  the  army,  in  the  war  of  1812.  —  III.  Polly,  b.  Feb.^15, 
1795;  d.  March  2,  1795.  — IV.  Rachel,  b.  April  2,  1796; 
m.,  1814,  David  Gay;  r.  Waldo;  had  1.  Edward,  b.  Nov. 
25,  1816.  2.  Nancy,  b.  Jan.  4,  1818.  3.  James,  b. 
March  13,  1822.  4.  Sally,  b.  April  18,  1824.  — V.  Elijah, 
b.  Feb.  8,  1798;  d.  Feb.  10,  or  11,  1837 ;  m.  Joanna  Cur- 


452  FAMILY  REGISTER. 

tis ;  had  1.  a  child,  d.  Aug.  22,  1826.  2.  John  Curtis,  b. 
Oct.  2,  1827.  3.  Eliza  Ann  C,  b.  Sept.  28,  1830.  4. 
James,  b.  Dec.  17,  1832.  5.  Sara/i  W.,  b.  April  2,  1834. 
6.  Mary  Fales,  b.  Sept.  7,  1835.  His  widow  m.,  Jan.  6, 
1839,  John  S.  Dunton. — VI.  Richard,  b.  May  10,  1800; 
m.,  first,  1827,  Nancy  Boggs  ;   and,  second,  Nancy  Robbins. 

—  VII.  Jonah,  b.  March  9,  1802  ;   d.  June  21,  1805. 

GlLLMOR,^      GlLLMORE,      Or      GlLMORE,     DaVID,     SOU     of 

David  and  Joanna  (Miller)  Gillmor,  came  in  the  spring  of 
1795;  became  an  extensive  landholder,  owning,  it  is  said, 
one-twelfth  of  the  town.  His  land  was  on  the  east  side  of 
the  river.  He  m.,  1784,  Mary,  b.  Nov.  1,  1769,  who  d.  at 
Newburgh,  Jan.  12,  1834,  second  child  of  Josiah  Robbins. 
He  d.  Jan.  28,  1849,  at  Newburgh.  They  had  —  I.  Sarah, 
b.  May  18,  1785;  m.  Hervey  Whiting;  r.  Wrentham, 
Mass.  —  II.  Rufus,  b.  Oct.  26,  1787  ;  m.  Julietta  Fairbanks, 
of  Franklin  ;  r.  Newburgh.  —  III.  Mary,  b.  Feb.  24,  1790  ; 
m.  Dr.  Charles  Ulmer,  of  Hampden ;  r.  Newburgh.  —  IV. 
David,  b.  Aug.  30,  1794;  m.  Lydia  Croxford,  of  New- 
burgh ;  r.  Monroe.  —  V.  Patience  Melinda,  b.  April  6, 
1796;  m.,  Jan.  18,  1818,  Ebenezer  Cobb,  of  Union,  who 
was  b.  Oct.  9.  1793,  at  Carver,  Mass  ,  son  of  Capt.  Barnabas 
Cobb  (who  m.  Jerusha  Cobb,  b.  at  Kingston,  Mass.,  grand- 
daughter of  Ebenezer  Cobb,  of  Kingston,  who  d.  Dec.  8, 
1801,  aged  one  hundred  and  seven  years,  eight  months,  and 
six  days).  They  had  1.  Mary  Jerusha,  b.  Jan.  12,  1819; 
m.  Jesse  Arnold,  of  Hope.  2.  Sarah  Whiting,  b.  June  19, 
1821  ;  m.,  June  13,  1839,  Nathaniel  Miller,  s.  of  Elisha 
Harding,  M.D.  3.  William  Ebenezer,  b.  May  15,  1824; 
m.,  November,  1849,  Elvira  Weston  Snow,  dr.  of  Edward  ) 
and  Mary  (Twining)  Snow,  of  Frankfort.  4.  Joseph  Or-  v 
lando,  b.  Jan.  28,  1827.  5.  Minerva  Clementine,  b.  May 
29,  1829;  d.  March  9  [according  to  gravestone,  8],  1832. 
6.   Sylvanus  Gillmor,  b.  Nov.  2,   1831.     7.  David  Barna- 

*  His  father,  David  Gillmor,  b.  Raynham,  Mass.,  March  27,  1732=; 
r.  Franklin,  Mas<?. ;  and  d.  there,  Oct.  21,  1831.  He  m.,  April  20, 
1762,  Joanna  Miller,  b.  in  llehoboth,  Sept.  9,  1740;  d.  June  3,  1816. 
They  had  — I.  John,  b.  March  27,  1763.-11.  David,  b.  May  3, 1765. 

—  III.  Joseph,  b.  April  17,  1768.  — IV.  Rufus,  b.  April  26,  1770.— 
V.  Hhobe,  b.  Dec.  4,  1772;  d.  March  10,  1816.  — VI.  Abi,i?ail,  b. 
April  15,  1775;  m.  Olney  Titus.  — VII.  James,  b.  Dec.  10,  1777.— 
VIII.  Patience,  b.  Jan.  16,  1782;  m.  E.  Alden.  Of  these,  David, 
Rufus,  Abigail,  and  Patience  settled  in  Union. 


GILLMOR.  453 

has,  b.  Jan.  15,  1834.  8.  Marcellus  LeweUin,  b.  July  6, 
1836.  —  VI.  Apollos  Robbins,  b.  April  2,  1798;  m.  Han- 
nah Newcomb ;  r.  Hampden. 

GiLLMOR,  Nathan,  son  of  William,  of  Franklin ;  t. 
1799  ;  a  mason  ;  m.  Nancy  Fisher,  of  Franklin  ;  settled  and 
built  a  house  on  the  farm  now  owned  by  Dr.  Sibley,  and 
returned  to  Franklin. 

GiLLMOR,  R'UFUS,  b.  April  26,  1770,  at  Franklin,  Mass. ; 
m.,  at  Union,  June  19,  1788,  Sally,  dr.  of  Josiah  Rob- 
bins.  He  was  in  the  expedition  against  Shays ;  came 
here  in  1787;  r.  south  of  the  Old  Burying  Ground, 
and  afterward  on  the  north  side  of  the  Common.  Hav- 
ing sold  this  place  to  Ebenezer  Cobb,  he  now  lives 
nearly  opposite.  Descendants,  —  I.  Polly,  b.  April  2, 
1789;  m,  1805,  Jesse  Drake;  had  1.  Amos,  b.  March 
28,  1806;  m.,  1828,  Melancey  Gushee ;  ch.  (1).  O  r  a- 
mel  Luolphus,  b.  Jan.  24,  1830;  (2).  Mary  O  s- 
carine,  b.  Oct.  5,  1833;  (3).  Statira  Maria,  b. 
Sept.  5,  1835;  (4).  Amos  Leroy.  2.  Jesse,  b.  Nov.  30, 
1807;  d.  July  19,  1842;  m.  Maria,  dr.  of  Lewis  Robbins. 
3.  Lusena,  b.  April  7,  1809;  m.,  1828,  Silas  Kelloch,  or 
Kellar;  and  d.  4.  Elvira,  b.  Feb.  8,  1812;  m.,  1833, 
Almond  Gushee,  jun.,  of  Hope.  5.  Julina,  b.  Nov.  12, 
1B13;  m.,  18Q1,  Josiah  Thwing,  of  Vassalborough ;  r. 
Gardiner.  6.  Luther,  b.  Nov.  10,  1815  ;  m.,  June  10,  1838, 
Abigail  P.  Davis,  of  Warren ;  ch.  (1).  Lucena  Au- 
gust a,  b.  May  27,  1839;  (2).  Melvina  Oraville,  b. 
Oct.  9,  1841  ;  (3).  Louisa  Jameson,  b.  Aug.  9, 1843 ; 
and  others.  7.  Olive,  b.  Aug.  27,  1817  ;  m.,  first,  in  1840, 
Hiram  Arnold,  of  Appleton ;  and  had  (1).  Aimed  a;  m., 
second,  David  Gushee,  by  whom  she  has  (2).  Armena. 
8.  Millard  Gillmor,  b.  Sept.  9,  1821.  9.  Almena,  m., 
Nov.  17,  1844,  Edward  Hills;  ch.  (1).  Julia  Almeda, 
b.  Dec.  17,  1845;  d.  Oct.  1, 1848  ;  (2).  Hiram  Arnold, 
b.  Aug.  5,  1847  ;  (3).  Helen  Maria,  b.  Oct.  12,  1849. 
—  II.  Rufus,  b.  Dec.  25,  1790;  r.  Saarsmont;  m.,  first, 
Abigail,  dr.  of  Capt.  Amos  Barrett,  Jan.  18,  1816;  and  had 
1.  Anson  Blake,  b.  November,  1817.  2.  Amos  Barrett,  b. 
August,  1819.  He  m.,  second,  Polly,  dr.  of  Ezekiel  Hagar, 
Dec.  28,  1823  ;  and  had  Abigail,  who  d.  ;  and  Rufus ;  and 
parhaps  others.  —  III.  Lusena,  b.  Aug.  11,  1792;  m.,  Oc- 
tobor,  1808,  Michael  Crowell,  b.  Kingston,  Mass.;  had  I.. 
39 


454  FAMILY   REGISTER. 

Statira,  b.  March  7,  1809;  m.  Stevens  Davis;  r.  Wiscon- 
sin. 2.  Rufus  Gillmor,  b.  May  22,  1811  ;  d.  Utica,  N.Y., 
April,  1839.  3.  Mary,  b.  May  15,  1813;  m.  Samuel 
"White;  r.  Orono.  4.  Caroline  Elizaieth,h.  Aug.  6,  1815  ; 
m.  Hugh  Reed;  r.  Orono.  5.  James  Parker,  b.  Dec.  26, 
1817  ;  r.  "Wisconsin.  6.  Sarah  Gi/Imor,  b.  May,  1820  ;  m. 
Jeremiah  Page,  of  Dexter.  7.  Hannah  Parker,  b.  Dec.  26, 
1822;  m.  Charles  Thayer;  r.  Cleavland,  Ohio.  8.  Lusena 
Elizabeth,  b.  Aug.  6,   1825;  m.  Paul  Webster;  r.  Orono. 

9.  PoUy,  b.  April  22,  1828.  10.  Charles  GHlmor,  b.  Jan. 
4,1831;  d.  July  27,  1841.  11.  Mic/me/,  b.  May  24,  1834  ; 
d.  August,  1834.  12.  Samuel  White,  b.  June  15,  1836. — 
IV.  Millard,  b.  Sept.  28,  1794;  widower,  sea-captain.  —  V. 
Julia  Metcalf,  b.  April  3,  1797;  m.,  1818,  Lieut. -col.  John 
M.  Bachelder,  b.  Aug.  8,  1792,  at  East  Kingston,  N.H.,  son 
of  Captain  Nathaniel  Bachelor;  had  1.  Almeda  Adaline,  b. 
May  16,  1819;  d.  Dec.  23,  1839.  2.  John  Morrill,  h. 
Aug.  11,  1820;  drowned  Aug.  21,  1825.  3.  Julia  Ann, 
b.  March  8,  1822;  m.  Zuinglius  Collins;  and  had  (1). 
Leroy  Zuinglius;  (2).  Azelia  Matilda,  b.  Dec. 
8,  1847.  4.  Sarah  Gillmor,  b.  May  28,  1823  ;  m.  Aurelius, 
s.  of  Christopher  Young.  5.  Harriet  Loana,  b.  Jan.  12, 1826. 
6.  John  Morrill,  b.  Jan.  4,  1829.  7.  Frances  Viana,  b. 
Aug.  22,  1831  ;  m.,  1850,  Ziba  Simmons.  8.  Charles  Gill- 
mor, b.  June  3,  1833.     9.  Eliza  Matilda,  b.  June  2,  1835. 

10.  Mary  Celesta,  b.  July  18,  1837.  — VI.  Marcus,  b.  Oct. 
21,  1799  ;  d.,  of  delirium  tremens.  May  13, 1832  ;  m.  Elsie, 
dr.  of  John  Lermond ;  had  1.  Ann,  b.  Sept.  16,  1823;  m. 
Robert  Thompson  Bowley.  2.  Millard,  b.  Dec.  15,  1824; 
d.  Aug.  18,  1826.  3.  Martha,  b.  March  7,  1826;  m.  Eze- 
kiel  G.  D.  Boveridge.  4.  Louisa  Alden,  b.  April  6,  1828  ; 
m.  William  H.  Gowen.  5.  Gustavus,  b.  Dec.  28,  1830.— 
VII.  Sarah  Bobbins,  b.  Sept.  10,  1803;  m.,  1827,  Abijah 
P.  Judd  ;  r.  Bethany,  Conn.  —  VIII.  Charles  Pope,  b.  Sept. 
21,  1808  ;  drowned  at  Orono,  May  22,  1833.  —  IX.  Nancy, 
b.  Jan.  29,  1815;  m.,  1829,  Robert  Thompson,  jun. ;  and 
had  1.  -4rfeZia  Mari/Za,  b.  Jan.  5, 1830.  .  2.  Sarah  Amanda, 
b.  Nov.  3,  1831.  3.  Marcus  Alhury,  b.  Dec.  4,  1833. 
4.  Oseola  Adelphus,  b.  June  5,  1836.  5.  Hoi  lis,  b. 
Jan. ■  20,  and  d.  March  29,  1839.  6  and  7.  Twins;  Eli 
Moor  and  Ali  Mehemet,  b.  June  19,  1840.  8.  Flora 
Maria,  b.  Dec.  25,  1844.  9.  Richard  Edwin,  b.  Jan.  18, 
1848. 


GLEASON.  455 

Gleason,^  Micajah,  b.  Framingham,  Jan.  27,  1777, 

*  "  Glkason,  or  Gleison,  or  Glezen,  and  (as  sometimes  written 
an  1  pronouaoed)  Lresex."  Thomas  Gleason  early  took  the  oath  of 
fidelity,  and  is  named,  in  1657,  on  Cambridge  town-records.  He  was 
of  Charlestown,  in  March,  1662,  in  the  occupation  of  the  "tract  of 
land  reserved  to  Sq[ua  Sachem."  He  d.  in  Cambridge,  probably  about 
16S4r.  liy  his  w.  Susanna,  he  had,  in  Cambridge,  Mary,  b.  Oct.  31, 
1657.  His  other  ch.,  b.  before,  were  Thomas,  Joseph,  John.  Of 
these,  Thomas,  the  oldest,  belonged  to  Sudbury  in  1665,  bought  of 
B^Mijamin  Rice,  in  the  south  part  of  Framingham,  was  received  to 
Sherburne,  Oct.  5,  1S78,  and  d.  in  Framingham,  July  25,  1705.  By 
his  w.  Sarah,  who  d.  July  8,  1703,  he  had  1.  Sarah,  b.  Feb.  6.  1665; 
m.  Jeremiah  Morse.  2.  Anne,  m.  John  Gibbs,  1688.  3.  Thomas. 
4.  I^aac.  5.  Patience.  6.  Mary,  b.  June  19,  1680.  7.  John.  The 
seventh  of  these  children,  viz.  John,  was  constable  in  Framingham  in 
1710.  three  years  a  selectman,  and  d.  there,  May  9,  1740.  By  his  w. 
Abigail  he  had  1.  Ebenezer,  b.  probably  in  Slierburne,  Sept.  1,  1708  ; 
and  in  Framingham,  2.  John,  b.  Feb.  27,  1710-11.  3.  Anne,  b.  May 
3,  1713;  m.,  Nov.  22,  1733,  John  Drurv.  4.  Samuel,  b.  Dec.  13, 
1715.    5.  Abigail,  b.  Nov.  23,  1717;  m.,  James  Cloyes,  May  28,  1740. 

6.  Martha,  b.  May   1,  1720;  m.,  Nov.  11,  1742,   Jonathan  Maynard. 

7.  Sarah,  b.  Feb.  6,  1723-4;  m.,  Jan.  4,  1749,  John  Crooks,  of  Hop- 
kinton.  8.  Patience,  b.  July  7,  1729;  m.,  Aug.  25,  1748,  Daniel 
Ball ;  moved  to  Athol. 

Simuel,  the  fourth  of  the  children,  m.,  first,  Elizabeth  How,  Jan. 
6,  1735,  who  d.  soon  after  the  birth  of  the  child  EUzabeth,  who  d. 
aet.  eighteen.  Samuel,  m  ,  second,  Dorothy  Faux,  March  14,  1740, 
who  d  1751  ;  and,  third.  Abigail  Livermore,  April  3,  1755.  By  his 
second  wife  he  had  2.  William,  b.  June  6,  1740;  d.  July  10,  1741. 
3.  Samuel,  b.  Oct.  9,  1742.  4.  John,  b.  July  22,  1746.  5  and  6. 
Twins,  b.  Oct.  18.  1748  ;  viz.  Dolly,  m.  Asa  Drury,  of  Natick,  and 
Martha,  m.  Asaph  Bigelow,  of  Framingham,  and  d.  1830.  7.  Mary,  b. 
F<'hruary,  1751  ;  m.  James  Morse. 

The  fourth  of  these,  Col.  Johx  Gleason,  b.  July  22,  1746 ;  m. 
Anna  Fames,  of  HoUiston,  who  d.  of  fever,  aged  about  seventy-five, 
Jan.  24,  1824.  He  was  selectman -in  Framingham;  moved  to  Union 
with  his  son  Calvin,  in  May,  1805  ;  settled  about  one  mile  and  a  half 
west  of  the  south  part  of  Sunnybec  Pond ;  and  d.  Sept.  20,  1827 ; 
had  — I.  John  b.  March  31,  1771;  r.  Thomaston;  d.  1832. —II. 
Molly,  b.  July  27,  1773;  m.,  Sept.  21,  1801,  Capt.  Nathan  Miles,  of 
Barretts  Town.  —  HI.  Lydia,  b.  March  11,  1775  ;  m.  Joseph  Morse, 
and  d.  at  Union  ;  c.  —  IV.  Micajah,  b.  Jan.  27,  1777.  —  V.  Calvin,  b.  at 
Framingham,  March  13,  1779  ;  d.  1850  ;  m.,  Oct.  18,  1801,  Sally,  dr. 
of  James  and  Sarah  (Perry)  Rice,  and  b.  at  Natick,  April  17,  1781; 
had  issue,  1.  James,  b.  July  14,  1802  ;  d.  Jan.  18,  1824.  2.  Nathan 
Miles,  b.  May  17,  1807;  m.,  Nov.  17,  1831,  Mary  Morton,  of  Bristol. 
3.  Joseph  Morse,  b.  Dec.  8,  1808  ;  m.,  Nov,  1839,  Frances  Martin,  of 
Bremen.  4.  Sally  Perry,  b.  Aug.  22,  1811  ;  m.,  Feb.  24,  1831, 
Cvrus  Morton,  of  Bristol.  5.  Caloin,  b.  Sept.  23,  1813;  m.,  Dec.  24, 
1840,  Abigail  S.  Simmons,  of  Union.  6.  Charles,  b.  Feb.  28,  1818; 
d.  March  31,  1824  —VI.  Anna,  or  Nancy,  b.  Jan.  25,  1781;  m. 
Joshua  Underwood,  of  Holliston.  —  VII.  Rebeckah,  b.  Oct.  18,  1782; 


456  FAMILY   KEGISTER. 

fourtli  child  of  Col.  John;  Avas  t.  1799.  He  erected  a 
fulling-mill  on  Crawford's  River.  He  m.,  March  22,  1801, 
Polly,  dr.  of  Onesimus  and  Jemima  (Leland)  Cole,  of  Sher- 
burne, who  d.  Sept.  22,  18.36.  He  was  greatly  afflicted 
with  asthma,  often  going  to  Boston  and  back  in  a  vessel  for 
the  relief  it  gave  him;  and  d.  in  Union,  June  19,  1823.  He, 
had  children  —  I.  Joseph,  b.  March  22,  1802;  m.,  first, 
Caroline,  dr.  of  John  Fairbanks,  Nov.  25,  1827,  who  d. 
Aug.  17,  1847;  c. ;  and,  second,  Ann,  dr.  of  Thaddeus 
Luce,  Jan.  9,  1848,  who  d.  Feb.  17,  1850,  leaving  1.  Ann 
Caroline,  b.  Feb.  17,  1850.  Hem.,  third,  Betsey,  dr.  of 
William  Collins,  of  Appleton,  Sept.  15,  1850.  —  H.  Eliza, 
b.  Oct.  2,  1803;  m.,  1821,  David  Norris  Piper,  of  Thomas- 
ton  ;  had  1.  Aaron  G.,  b.  Feb.  27,  1822.  2.  Sarah  Jane, 
b.  Dec.  3,  1823;  m.  a  Fales,  of  St.  George.  3.  Mary  E., 
b.  Jan.  1825;  m.  Barnabas  Webb,  of  Thomaston.  4. 
Martha  Frances,  b.  March  20,  1828  ;  m.,  George  W.  Bever- 
idge,  of  Hope.  5.  David  Norris,  b.  Jan.  1831.  —  HI. 
William,  b.  Aug.  18,  1805;  m,  April  12,  1827,  Lydia 
Le  Doit,  b.  in  North  Yarmouth  ;  whose  father,  from  France, 
d.  May  24,  1814,  and  was  buried  in  Union.  Their  ch.  1. 
Infant  dr.,  b.  Feb.  20,  1828  ;  d.  Feb.  21,  1828.  2.  Eliza, 
b.  Feb.  14,  1829  ;  d.  Oct.  21,  1832.  3.  Abigail  Childs,  b. 
Dec.  15,  1830.     4.  Mary  Cole,  b.  Dec.  14,  1832;  d.  April 

7,  1842.  5.  Micajah,  b.  Feb.  16,  1835.  6.  Hannah  Irish, 
b.  June  17,  1838.     7.  Hellen  Elizabeth,  b.  July  23,  1841. 

8.  Edward,  b.  Sept.  18,  1843.  9.  Edgar,  b.  Feb.  18, 
1846;  d.  March  2,  1848.  — IV.  Mary,  b.  July  17,  1807; 
m.,  Nov.  14,  1850,  Samuel  Beals,  of  Abington,  Mass.  —  V. 
Harriet,  b.  Jan.  21,  1810;  m.  Nathaniel  Bobbins,  jun. — 
VI.  Olive,  b.  Oct.  4,  1812;  m.,  1837,  Stetson  Vaughan,  of 
Warren,  Me.;  r.  Abington,  Mass.;  had  1.  George  D.,h. 
June  18,  1838.  2.  Louisa  E.,  b.  Nov.  29,  1839.  3.  Ori- 
anna  A.,  b.  Oct.  15,  1841.  4.  Francis  L.,  b.  Jan.  18, 
1844.  —  VII.  Sarah,  b.  March  13,  1817  ;  m.  John  Williams, 


m.  Jonathan  Morse,  and  d.  in  Union,  1831. — VIII.  Olive,  b.  July 
20,  1784  ;  m.,  Oct.  7,  1804,  Micah  Stone,  of  Warren,  and  d.  18V2.  — 
IX.  Hitty,  b.  Sept.  30,  1786;  m.,  Feb.  8,  1805,  John  Htnienway,  of 
Koyalston,  and  moved  to  Union. -^X.  Aaron,  b.  P'eb.  17,  1791;  m. 
Rachel  Metcalf;  d.  Thomaston,  1829.  Of  the  sons,  Micajah  and 
Calvin  settled  here.  For  fuller  details  of  the  early  genealojiy,  see 
Barry's  "  History  of  Framingham,"  from  which  much  of  this  account 
of  the  early  generations  is  derived. 


GLEASON.  —  GRINNELL.  457 

of  Warren  ;  r.  Union;  ch.   1.    George  F.,  b.  May  15,  1844. 
2.  Augustus  E.,  b.  June  24,  1848. 

Grinnell,  Bailey,  b.  Little  Compton,  R.  I. ;  came 
probably  soon  after  his  br.  Royal;  t.  1791  ;  r.  north  side  of 
Muddy  Pond ;  moved  to  Exeter,  where  he  d.  in  the  fall  of 
1834.  His  w..  Reliance  Spooner,  b.  Rhode  Island;  d.  in 
Union,  May  20,  1834.  They  had  —  I.  Richard,  cast  away 
and  drowned  at  sea,  Nov.  19,  1807  —  II.  Samuel  Spooner, 
m.  Catherine  Morse,  of  Friendship ;  r.  Appleton.  —  III. 
Mace  Shepard,  b.  Little  Compton,  R.  I.,  Aug.,  15,  1786; 
m.,  in  Union,  Jan.  19,  1812,  Rachel  Butters,  b.  Feb.  4, 
1789,  at  Jaffrey,  N.  H. ;  moved  to  Exeter,  in  March,  1814  ; 
ch.  1.  Jane,  b.  and  d.  1812,  a  few  days  old.  2.  William 
Spooner,  b.  Union,  Sept.  20,  1813;  m.,  Dec.  31,  1838, 
Mahala,  dr.  of  Rev.  Cornelius  Irish,  and  had  (1).  Esther 
Arvilla,  b.  Oct.  14,  1839;  (2).  Cornelius  Irish,  b. 
July,  1841;  (3).  Jane  Mabry,  b.  Jan.  1843;  (4). 
Albert;  d. ;  (5).  Mary  A.;  (6).  Ada  A.  3.  Sarah, 
b.  Exeter,  June  17,  1815  ;  m.,  Jan.  26,  1843,  Isaac  Worth, 
of  Exeter ;  c.  4.  Albert,  b.  Jan.  7,  1817;  m.,  June  15, 
1843,  Angela  Hayden,  of  Bangor,  from  Castine ;  had  (1). 
Ellen  Maria,  b.  Boston,  April  10,  1844;  (2).  Charles 
Edwin,  b.  Boston,  Aug.  20,  1847.  5.  Charles  B.,  b. 
Aug.  17, 1818 ;  m.,  Sept.  27, 1844,  Mary  Thomas,  b.  May  16, 
1818  ;  dr.  of  Asa  and  Mary  (Hill)  Shaw,  of  Exeter  ;  c.  6. 
Eloira,  b.  May  17,  1820;  m.,  April  22,  1841,  Nathaniel, 
s.  of  Nathaniel  Barker,  of  Exeter;  and  had  (1).  Mary 
Esther;  (2).  Charles  F. ;  (3).  Frederick;  (4). 
Frank.  7.  Susan,  b.  May  3,  1822;  d.  July  25,  1824.  8. 
Diana  R.,  b.  Feb.  4,  1824;  d.  Sept.  1826.  9.  Arvilla,  b. 
Nov.  13,1826;  d.  June,  1827.  — IV.  Philip, b.  Nov.  1,1789; 
m.,  first,  a  Cunningham,  Aug.  7, 1823 ;  and,  second,  Mary  K. 
Jameson;  all  d.  —  V.  Susanna,  b.  March  9,  1792;  m., 
Oct.  1815,  Joshua  Spear,  of  Warren;  and  d.  of  consump- 
tion.—VI.  Rebecca,  b.  June  30,  1794;  u.  —  VII.  Bailey, 
b.  Jan.  25,  1797;   drowned,  Nov.  21,  1807,  below  the  mill 

on  Muddy  Brook.  —VIII.  Cornelius,  b. 25,  1799  ;  d. 

March  19,  1833,  of  consumption;  u.  —  IX.  Reliance,  b. 
Feb.  9,  1802  ;  m.,  1822,  Joshua  Morse,  from  Friendship, 
in  1822;  and  had  1.  Elijah,  b.  July  20,  1823.  2. 
Lucinda,  b.  Nov.  6,  1824;  d.  Sept.  5,  1825.  3.  Lucinda, 
b.  Dec.  15,  1825.  4.  Clarinda,  b.  Jan.  18,  1827.  5. 
Louisa,  b.  Oct.  16,  1828.  6.  Reliance,  b.  Aug.  14,  1830. 
39* 


458  FAMILY  REGISTER. 

7.  Delena,  b.  Aug.  15,  1832.  8.  Susanna,  b.  Aug.  16, 
1834.  9.  Harriet,  b.  July  1,  1836.  10.  Olive  Celeste,  h. 
June  1,  1839.  11.  Anthony  Adelhert,  b.  Jan.  5,  1841. 
12.   Charles  Leroy,  b.  May  19,  1843. 

Gkinnell,  Royal,  b.  at  Little  Compton,  R.I,,  June  1, 
1755;  d.  in  Union,  Nov.  1,  1837  ;  .m.,  Oct.  18,  1781,  in 
Dartmouth,  Mass.,  Hannah  Briggs,  b.  there  April  13,  1760  ; 
ch.  — I.  Betsey,  b.  Sept.  18,  1782;  d.  Oct.  6,  1782.  — II. 
Deborah,  b.  Oct.  1,  1783;  d.  of  consumption,  Feb.  23, 
1812;  m.,  Nov.  13,  or  14,  1806,  Alpheus  Collamore  ;  had 
1.  Royal,  b.  Oct.  16,  1807;  d.  Jan.  1823.  2.  Peter,  b. 
May  14,  1809.  3.  William  A.,  b.  March  5,  1811.  A.  C, 
m.,  second,  Chloe  Cummings ;  [A.  Collamore's  father, 
V  Joshua,  d.  June  18,  1821,  81.]  —  III.  Hannah,  b.  Jan.  20, 
^1786;  ra.,  Aug.  2,  1804,  Asaph  Lucas;  and  had  1.  Wil- 
lard,  b.  Aug.  17,  1805;  m.,  1829,  Anna  Fossett.  2. 
Edwin,  b.  May  2,  1807.  3.  Mary,  b.  May  3,  1810;  m. 
George  Washington  Messer.  4.  Air  am,  b.  May  31, 
1820  ;  d.  June  4,  1820.  5.  Martha,  b.  April  20,  1823  ;  d. 
0<;t.  15,  1826. —IV.  Charity,  b.  Jan.  20,  1788;  d.  April 
-  13,  1809,  "disorder  in  the  head."  — V.  Mercy,  b.  Jan.  3, 
.  1791  ;  m.  John  Allen,  Sept.  5,  1812  (?)  ;  r.  Buffalo,  N.Y. 
—  yi.  Daniel  Briggs,  b.  April  22,  1793;  m.,  April  15, 
1819,  Sally  Esensa ;  r.  Appleton ;  had  1.  Elijah,  b.  Jan. 
1820;  m.  Susan  Fish,  who  d.  1847.  2.  Nancy,  m.  Bailey 
Grinnell.  3.  Eunice,  m.  William  Lehr.  4.  Sarah,  m. 
Joseph  Light.  5.  Lavinia,  b.  April,  1836.  —  VII.  Mary,  b. 
April  30,  1795;  m.,  Dec.  6,  1812,  Isaac  Booth;  moved  to 
Exeter,  and  d.  April  12,  1836;  had  1.  Albert,  h.  Dec.  15, 
1813.  2.  Orlando^  b.  Sept.  12,  1815.  3.  Ira,  b.  July  29, 
1817.  4.  Mary  Elizabeth,  b.  July  30,  1819.  5.  Jacob,  b. 
June  1,  1821.  6.  Isaac,  b.  March  25,  1823.  7.  Hamiah 
Briggs,  b.   March  25,    1825.      8.    Martha,  b.  March  30, 

1827.  9.  Royal  Grinnell,  h.  June  2S,  1829.  —  VIII.  James, 
b.  Dec.  1,  1797;  m.  Sally  Lothrop,  of  Union,  1819  ;  and 
had   1.  Olive,  h.  June   14,  1820.     2.   Sarah  A7m,  h.  Msuch. 

.16,  1822  ;  m  ,  Jan.  1,  1846,  Edward  Qeaveland,  of  Camden. 

3.  John,  b.  Feb.  17,  1824.     4.  William,  b.  March  26,  1826. 

,     6.  Martha,  b.  Feb.  11,  1828;    d.  Feb.  23  (gravestone  24), 

1828.  6.  and  7.  Julia  Maria,  and  Arthusa  Kellogg,  twins, 
b.  April  12,  1829.  8.  Royal,  b.  Aug  22,  1831.  9.  James 
Adelbert,  b.  April  22,  1835.  — IX.  Lavina,  b.  March  16, 
1800;  m.,  first,  Stephen  Huse,  Sept.  12,  1819,  who  d.  Feb. 


GRINNELL.  —  HAWES.  459 

15,  1834;  and,  second,  Thomas  Kellerin,  of  Gushing;  had 
Margaret  McCall,  b.  Feb.  3,  1821.  John  Stoyell,  b. 
March  27,  1832;  and  probably  others.  —  X.  Eliza,  b.  May 
12,  1803;  m.  William  Boggs,  Aug.  24,  1826;  r.  Illinois. 

Guild,  Joseph,  several  times  Moderator  of  town-meet- 
ings, came  from  Attleborough,  Mass.,  with  Joseph  Maxcy, 
in  1788.  They  bought  together,  and  afterwards  divided 
the  land.  He  took  the  lot  now  owned  by  Amos  Walker, 
and  finally,  in  Sept.  1793,  went  back  to  Attleborough. 

Hart,  William,  particularly  skilfftl  in  fishing  and  hunt- 
ing, b.  in  Dedham,  Mass.,  s.  of  William  and  Mary  (Fisher) 
Hart;  d.  Dec.  14,  1831,  a3t.  sixty-seven;  m.,  April  22, 
1792,  Miriam,  b.  Aug.  24,  1767,  dr.  of  John  and  Mary 
(Hill)  Brick,  of  Sherburne,  Mass.  They  had  —  I.  Betsey, 
b.  Sherburne,  June  1,  1793;  m.,  Aug.  20,  1812,  John 
McThorndike ;  r.  on  the  Gay  Farm;  ch.  1.  Miriam  Hart^ 
b.  July  13,  1813;  m.,  July  15,  1835,  Horace  Miller;  and 
had  (1).  Marthas.;  (2).  Dudley;  (3).  Mary 
Olive.  2..  William  Hart,  b.  Oct.  25,  1815.  3.  Eliza,  b. 
May  3,  1818;  m.  Lory  Kelloch,  of  Warren;  has  a  s  o  n. 
4.  Abigail  Crane,  b.  Feb.  28,  1821.  5.  George,  b.  July  13, 
1823;  d.  Aug.  21,  1826.  6.  Mary,  b.  Jan.  5,  1826.  7. 
George  Washington,  b.  Aug.  28,  1828.  8.  John  Emery, 
b.  July  21,  1831.  9.  Sarah  Barrett,  h.  Dec.  11,  1834.  10. 
Lucy  Eells,  b.  March,  1840.  —  II.  John  Fisher,  b.  Dec.  23, 
1795;  r.  homestead;  m.,  June  8,  1817,  Polly,  or  Mary, 
Flint,  b.  Reading,  Mass.,  and  very  early  left  an  orphan. 
Their  ch.  are  1.  Willard,  b.  July  1,  1818.  2.  Joseph 
Fisher,  b.  Dec.  21,  1820;  d.  in  Union,  of  ship-fever,  June 

15,  1848;  u.  3.  Lucy  Ann,  b.  Dec.  7,  1824;  m.,  Novem- 
bar,  1850,  Charles,  s.  of  Amasa  Russell,  of  Warren.  4. 
Avery  Sanger,  b.  Jan.  24,  1827.  5.  Abigail  Sanger,  b. 
Sept.  8,  1829.  6.  William,  b.  Aug.  1,  1833.  7.  John 
Amory,  b.  Feb.  26,  1836.     8.  Edwin,  b.  May  27,  1839. 

Hawes,^  Abijah,   b.    (new  style),    Sept.   11,   1752,  at 

*  From  a  manuscript-genealogy  of  Madison  Hawes,  of  California, 
it  appears  that  Edward  Hawes,  of  Dedham,  Mass.,  d.  June  28,  1686  ; 
m.,  April  lo.  1848,  Eliony  Lumber.  He  had  Lydia,  b.  Jan.  26,  1649  ; 
m.  a  Gay;  Mary,  b.  Nov.  4,  1650;  Daniel,  b.  Feb.  10,  1652;  d.  March 

16,  1737  ;  Hannah,  b.  Feb.  1.  1G54-5  ;  m.,  Jan.  5,  167),  John  Mason; 
John,  b  Dec.  17,  1653;  d.  Feb.  21,  1731-2;  Nathaniel,  b.  Aug.  14, 
1660;  d.  Oct.  16,  1714;  Abigail,  b.  Oct.  2,  1662 ;  m.  Fales;    Joseph, 


460  FAMILY   REGISTER. 

Wrentham,  now  Franklin;  d.  Jan.  10,  1839;  m.,  Decem- 
ber C?),  1782,  his  second  cousin,  Margaret  Hawes,  who  was 
b.  May  9,  1756;  and  d.  March  24,  1833.  They  had  — I. 
Abial  (altered  to  Nancy),  b.  Jan.  17,  1784.  —  II.  Pliny,  b. 
July  22,  1787;  d.  Dec.  4,  1794.  — III.  Sanford,  b.  July  1, 
1789;  d.  Dec.  9,  1794.  — IV.  Whiting,  b.  Sept.  13,  1792; 
m.,  1842,  Julia,  dr.  of  David  Fales,  of  Thomaston  ;  r.  home- 
stead.—  V.  Abijah,  b.  Feb.  28,  1795;  r.  China. 

Hawes,  Matthias,  six  months  a  revolutionary  soldier ; 
b.  at  Wrentham,  now  Franklin,  Mass.,  Oct.  6,  1754;  d. 
Nov.  4,  1828;  m.,  Jan.  1,  1783,  in  Warren,  Maine,  Sarah, 
b.  Feb.  18,  1765,  in  Sharon,  Mass.,  dr.  of  Capt.  Samuel 
Pay  son,  of  revolutionary  memory,  who  subsequently  moved 
from  Warren  to  Hape,  and  there  died.  Descendants,  —  I, 
Sarah,  or  Sally,  as  the  name  was  more  commonly  called  by 
people  half  a  century  ago,  b.  April  5,  1784;  d.  Dec.  10, 
1850;  m.,  Dec.  24,  1809,  William  (s.  of  James  and  Ruth 
Brown),  who  was  b.  Feb.  24,  1786;  and  d.  Aug.  16,  1822. 
They  had  1.  John,  b.  Dec.  31,  1810;  physician;  d.  Jan.  25, 
1841,  at  Grenada,  Mississippi.  2.  James  Weed,  b.  Aug.  10, 
1812  ;  m.,  Oct.  8,  1837,  Roweria  Melinda  Peabody ;  r.  Sac- 
carappa  ;  and  has  (1).  V  i  e  n  n  a  Augusta,  b.  March  9, 
1839;    (2).  James    Milford,    b.   Nov.   13,   1840;   (3). 

b.  Aug;.  9,  1664  ;  Deborah,  b.  Sept.  1,  1666;  in.  a  Pond.  Daniel,  b. 
Feb.  10,  1652;  m.,  Feb.  11,  1677.  Abial  Gav;  and  had  Marv,  b.  Sept. 
17,  1679;  Abigail,  b.  Nov.  lo.  1681;  Daniel,  b.  March  30,  1684.  d. 
Jan.  15,  1763;  Josiah,  b.  April  6,  1683;  Hezekiah,  b.  Nov.  22,  1688; 
Ruth,  b.  July  9,  1691  ;  Benjamin,  b.  March  14,  1696.  Daniel,  of 
Wrentham,  b.  March  30,  1684;  m.,  Dec.  20,  1710,  Beriah  Mann  ;  and 
had  Daniel,  b.  Oct.  24,  1711;  Samuel,  b.  Jan.  7,  1713;  Pelatiah.  b. 
Oct.  8,  1714;  Moses,  b.  Aug.  28,  1716;  Aaron,  b.  April  13,  1718; 
Ichabod,  b.  Sept.  18,  1720;  Timothy,  b.  June  21,  1722;  twins,  b. 
March  20,  1724,  viz.  Beriah  and  Josiah;  Mary,  b.  Feb.  11,  1725-6; 
Joseph,  b.  March  21,  1727-8. 

Josiah  Hawes,  of  Franklin,  born  March  20,  1724;  died  Feb.  28, 
1804;  m.,  Dec.  18,  1751,  Maria  Lvon.  who  d.  Aug.  28,  1779;  and 
had  — I.  Abijah,  b.  Aug.  31,  1752.  — II.  Mary,  b.  Oct.  27,  1753;  d. 
Aug.  8,  1785. —  III.  Matthias,  b.  Oct.  6,  1754. —  IV.  Jemima,  b. 
Jan.  28,  1761  ;  d.  April  26.  183.i  ;  m..  Nov.  23,  1782,  Eliab  Wright; 
d.  —  V.  Beriah.  b.  April  17,  1763;  d.  Oct.  20,  1818. —  VI.  Levi,  b. 
May  22,  1765;  d.  May  9,  1839;  m.,  Jan.  1,  1793,  Permela  Clark,  who 
d.  Sept.  4.  1839. 

Briefly,  Abijah  Hawe.s  and  Matthias  Ilawes  were  sons  of  Josiah, 
b.  March  20,  1724;  the  .^on  of  Daniel,  b.  March  30,  1684;  the  -son  of 
Daniel,  b.  Feb.  10,  1652  ;  the  son  of  Edward,  of  Dedham,  Mass.,  who 
m.,  April  15,  1648,  Eliony  Lumber. 


HAWES.  461 

Stillborn,  Dec.  6,  1842;  (4).  Arthur  Lindall, 
b.  Dec.  5,  1843;  (5).  Francelia  Ann,  b.  May  4, 
1846;  (6).  Azelia  Melinda,  b.  July  29,  1848.  3. 
Noyes  Payso7i  Hawes,  h.  Ai^ril  5,  IS\ 5.  4.  William  Hawes, 
b.  S3pt.  23,  1817.  5.  Sarah  Noyes,  b.  Jan.  7,  1820;  m., 
in  Boston,  March  9,  1842,  William  L.  Wight,  b.  May  26, 
1815,  at  Otisfield,  where  he  d.  Jan.  3,  1851  ;  ch.  (1.) 
Charlotte  D.,  b.  Dec.  1,  1842,  in  Boston,  and  d.  Aug. 
14,  1843,  in  Roxbury  ;  (2).  Sarah  Noyes,  b.  March  24, 
1841;  d.  Otisfield,  Oct.  15,  1849;  (3).  Mary  Susan,  b. 
July  20,  and  d.  Oct.  21,  1845,  at  South  Boston;  (4). 
Mary,  b.  Sept.  23,  1846,  at  South  Boston  ;  (5).  William 
L.,  b.  Dec.  30,  1847;  d.  Aug.  1,  1848;  (6).  Martha,  b. 
Jan.  4,  1849;  d.  April  24,  1850.  — II.  James,  b.  Nov.  11, 
1785,  d.  Nov.  23  or  24,  1793,  of  throat-distemper.  —  III. 
Mary,  b.  June  17,  1787;  m.,  Aug.  14,  1808,  Simon  Bar- 
rett, b.  Concord,  Mass.,  Sept.  24,  1765;  r.  Hope.  He  d. 
April  20,  1845,  at  the  insane  hospital  at  Augusta;  ch.  1. 
Simon  Hawes,  b.  Aug.  24,  1809;  m.,  June  1,  1849,  Mary 
Esther  Jane  Fox,  who  was  b.  Jan.  3,  1825,  in  England.  2. 
Mary  Hunt,  b.  June  18,  1811  ;  d.  Oct.  26,  1837.  3.  Noyes 
Payson  Hawes,  b.  June  15,  1813  ;  m.,  Oct.  7,  1836,  Jeanette 
Kingsley  Frary,  who  was  b.  Dec.  11,  1817,  at  Riga,  N.Y. ; 
and  she  d.  April  1,  1850  ;  had  (1).  Amos  William,  b. 
Nov:  29,  1838;  (2).  Charles  Spencer,  b.  Aug.  1, 
1841,  d.  Dec.  26,  1842;  (3).  Franklin  Noyes,  b. 
Aug.  15,  1844;  (4).  Horace  Frary,  b.  Oct.  18,  1846. 
4.  Maria  Lyon,  b.  March  20,  1818  ;  d.  Aug.  20,  1843  ;  m., 
Dec.  12,  1838,  Joseph  Muzzey,  who  was  b.  March  14,  1807  ; 
r.  Searsmont;  had  Mary  Maria,  b.  Aug.  22,  1841.  5 
and  6.  Twins,  b.  March  25,  1820;  viz.  Charles;  d.  May, 
1847,  Elizabethtown,  N.  J.  ;  and  Amos;  r.  Elizabethtown, 
N.  J.  7.  Fidelia  H,  b.  Sept.  26,  1823  ;  m..  May  22, 1845, 
Horace  Muzzey,  who  was  b.  May  29,  1814;  r.  Searsmont; 
and  has  (1).  Fidelia,  b.  April,  1850.  8.  Matthias,  b. 
April  6,  1825;  r.  California.  —  IV.  Sukey,  twin  with  Mary, 
b.  June  17,  1787  ;  d.,  of  throat-distemper,  Dec.  20,  1793.  — 
V.  Oliver,  b.  March  8,  1789;  d.  March  11,  1789.— VI. 
and  VII.  Twins,  Herman  and  Pliny,  both  b.  Jan.  16,  and 
d.  Jan.  17,  1790.  — VIII.  Melatiah,  b.  April  21,  1791  ;  m., 
June  2,  1825,  David  Crabtree,  who  was  b.  Feb.  26,  1781  ; 
r.  Hope;  had  1.  Emeline,  b.  April  26,  1826.  2.  Caroline, 
b.  Sept.  15,  1827  ;  d.  Jan.  17,  1839.     3.  Maria,  b.  Oct.  3, 


462  FAMILY   REGISTER. 

1829.  4.  Sophia,  b.  May  18,  1832.  5.  Amelia,  b.  Oct.  8, 
1837.  —  IX.  Otis,  b.  Jan.  21  or  31,  1793  ;  m.,  Sept.  20,  1818, 
Elsie,  b.  March  25,  1797,  dr.  of  John  Davis,  of  Appleton  ; 
and  had  1.  Sarah,  b.  April  9,  1820  ;  d.  Sept.  23,  1838.  2. 
Silas,  b.  Dec.  26,  1821  ;  m.,  Sept.  10,  1848,  Margaret,  dr. 
of  Samuel  Hills;  and  has  (1).  Emma  F.,  b.  1850.  3. 
Roxana  Nott,  b.  Dec.  18,  1823;  m.,  1843,  Isaac  C.  Ho- 
vey ;  and  has  (1).  Harriet  Luella;  (2).  Sarah; 
(3).  George.  4.  Lavinia,h.  July  20,  1825.  5.  Philander, 
b.  Sept.  22,  1827.  6.  Julia,  b.  Dec.  17, 1829.  7.  Cyrene,  b. 
Feb.  9,  1833.  8.  Laurinda,  b.  July  19,  1835.  9.  Edwin,  b. 
Nov.  3, 1839.  10.  Charles  Barrett,  h.  Nov.  26,  1841.  —X. 
Austin,  b.  Sept.  22,  1794  ;  d.,  April  5,  1795,  of  influenza.  — 
XL  Noyes  Payson,  r.  Boston  and  California,  b.  Feb.  4,  1796  ; 
m.,  Oct.  25,  1827,  Abigail,  b.  Sept.  21,  1797,  dr.  of  John 
Wilkes  Richardson,  of  Franklin,  Mass.;  had  1.  Harriet,}). 
b.  Aug.  22,  1828  ;  teaching  in  Tuscaloosa,  Ala.  2.  Abigail, 
b.  Oct.  2,  1830.  3.  William,  b.  Sept.  19,  1832.  4.  Ed- 
ward,}}. July  31,  1834;  d.  Aug.  11,  1835.  5.  Silas,  h. 
Aug.  3,  and  d.  Aug.  4,  1836.  6.  Caroline,  b.  July  15, 
183§.  — XIL  Julia,  b.  Nov.  17,  1797.— XIII.  Silas,  b. 
June,  and  d.  Aug.  1,  1799.  —  XIV.  Lavinia  Anthony,  b. 
Sept.  28,  1800  ;  m.  Vinal  Ware.  — XV.  Galen,  b.  April  13, 
1802;  r.  homestead;  d.  Aug.  4,  1834;  m.,Jan.  6,  1831,  Har- 
riet, dr.  of  Capt.  JohnW.  Lindley ;  and  had  1.  Mary  Barrett, 
b.  Jan.  16,  1832  ;  m.  Prentiss  M.  Blake.  2  and  3.  Twins, 
b.  March  9,  1833,  viz.  Horace,  d.  Aug.  14,  1833,  and  Levi 
Lindley.  [Galen's  widow  m.  Elias  Blake,  of  Bangor.]  — 
XVI.  Levi,  b.  Dec.  24,  1804;  d.  Aug.  12,  1805,  of  can- 
ker-rash. —  XVII.  Stillborn,  July,  1806.  —  XVIII.  Still- 
born, August,  1807.  —  XIX.  Madison,  b.  March  24,  1809  ; 
printer;  r.  California;  m.,  May  1,  1834,  Nancy  Nelson 
Dam;  had  1.  Sarah  Maria,  b.  Aug.  30,  1836;  d.  Nov.  13, 
1837.  2.  Edward  Payson,  b.  Jan.  29,  1839;  d.  July  15, 
1844.  3.  William  Wirt,l>.  Feb.  17, 1841  ;  d.  April  14, 184-:. 
4.  Nancy  Cornelia,  b.  July  24,  1842. 

Ha-WES,  Moses,  town-clerk,  schoolmaster ;  s.  of  Joseph 
and  Hannah ;  was  b.  at  Franklin,  Mass. ;  m.  Mary,  dr.  of 
Alexander  Kelloch  (commonly  pronounced  Kellar),  of  War- 
ren;  in  the  spring  of  1806,  returned  to  Franklin,  where  he 
d.  Descendants,  —  I.  Hannah,  b.  April  27,  1781  (the  first 
female  b.  in  Stirlington  who  grew  to  be  an  adult) ;  m.,  March 
6,  1801,  Nathan  Allen;  became  a  widow,  and  her  father 


HAWES.  463 

took  her  to  his  home  in  Franklin,  Mass.,  where  she  d. ; 
had  1.  Sabin,  b.  Aug.  25,  1801;  m.  ;  r.  Pawtucket, 
Central  Falls,  R.  I.  2.  Amos,  b.  Feb.  14,  1804  ;  m.  thrice; 
r.  Franklin.  3.  Clarinda,  b.  July  22,  1806;  m.  Sumner 
Pond,  of  Franklin;  and  d.  —  II.  Herman,  b.  Sept.  23, 
1783;  settled  on  the  homestead;  m.  Abigail  Simmons,  of 
Waldoborough,  Feb.  22,  1804,  who  d.  May  2,  1851.  They 
had  1.  MatAlda,  b.  Feb.  2,  1805;  m.,  first,  1826,  Noah 
Bartlett,  grandson  of  David  Robbins  ;  ^nd  had  (1).  Oscar 
Alonzo,  b.  April  16, 1827;  (2).  Fostina  Marilla,  b. 
D3C.  28,  1829;  (3).  Adolphus  Lewellyn,  b.  Sept.  13, 
1832.  After  Mr.  Bartlett's  death,  his  w.  became  second  w. 
of  Fisher  Hart.  2.  Martha  Maria,  b.  Jan.  27,  1808  ;  d. 
Oct.  10,  1808.  3.  Stephen  Simmons,  b.  Aug.  28,  1809;  r. 
th3  Philip  Robbins  Place;  m.,  1830,  Alzina,  dr.  of  Spencer 
Walcott ;  had  (1)  and  (2).  Twins,  Ar  a  V  e  s  t  a  Matilda, 
and  Aravilla  Avis,  b.  Feb.  1,  1831;  (3).  Noah 
Bartlett,  b.  March  28,  1839;  d.  March  10,  1840  ;  (4). 
Marietta  Bartlett,  b.  Sept.  20,  1841  ;  (5).  Abigail 
Simmons,  b.  Feb.  14,  1849.  4.  William  Groton,  b. 
July  18,  1811  ;  m..  May,  1834,  Roxana  Robbins;  r.  home- 
stead; ch.  (1).  Herbert  Alonzo,  b.  April  28,1839; 
(2).  Henry  Augustus,  b.  Nov.  23,  1840  ;  (3).  Edwin 
Ruthven,  b.  Feb.  10,  1843;  (4).  E  m  er  y  R  o  s  c  o  e,  b. 
July  7,  1845;  d.  June  22,  1850  ;  (5).  Phebe  Robhins, 
b.  Oct.  9,  1848.  5.  Hannah  Allen,  b.  July  4,  1813;  m., 
March  13,  1843,  Asa  Messer.  6  and  7.  Twins,  b.  Aug.  24, 
1816,  viz:  Moses,  m.  Lucinda  C.  Libbey ;  and  Mary,  m. 
Manning  Walcott.  8.  Charles  A.,  b.  Nov.  3,  1818;  m., 
1837,  Sarah  Angelina,  dr.  of  B.  R.  Mowrey ;  had  (1). 
Llewellyn,  b.  Nov.  15,  1837;  (2).  Ellen  Adelia, 
b.  March  16,  1840;  (3).  Eliza  Matilda,  b.  July  29, 
1842;  (4).  Martha  Maria,  b.  Sept.  20,  1844;  (5). 
Harriet  Rhobe,  b.  Feb.  17,  1847;  (6).  Colin,  b. 
March  3,  1849.  9.  Abigail,  b.  Oct.  28,  1822;  m.  Jesse 
Wentworth,  writing-master  ;  r.  Boston ;  b.  in  Hope,  Nov. 
15,  1815,  s.  of  Asa  and  Hannah  (Hewitt)  Payson ;  and  has 
(1).  Matilda  Hawes,  b.  Dec.  14,  1844.  —  III.  Abigail, 
b.  Jan.  26,  1786  ;  m.  Dr.  Pelatiah  Metcalf,  from  Wrentham. 
—  IV.  Mary,  m.  Peter  Fisher,  of  Franklin;  and  d.  —  V. 
Eleanor,  m.  Alfred  Knapp,  of  Franklin. — VI.  Amelia,  b. 
1798  ;  m  Elisha  Harding,  M.D. ;  had  1.  Harriet  Augusta, 
b.  June  7,  1820  ;  d.  Aug.  2,  1826.     2.  Nathaniel  Miller,  b. 


464  FAMILY   REGISTER. 

Feb.  9,  1822  ;  m.,  June  13,  1839,  Sarah  Whiting,  dr.  of  E. 
Cobb;  r.  Rockland;  and  had  (1).  Amelia  Alwilder, 
b.  Nov.  3,  1841  ;   d.  May  13,  1842;   (2).    a    s  o  n,  b.  1849. 

Hills,  John,  br.  of  Samuel;  t.  1797;  with  Sylvanus 
Princ3  bought  land  joining  Stewart's  on  the  north,  sold  it 
to  N.  Robbins,  Esq.,  and  returned  to  the  West. 

'  Hills, ^  Samuel,  b.  Feb.  14,  1760,  at  Pawtucket,  R.  I. ; 
spent  a  large  part  of  his  minority  at  Wrentham,  Mass.  ; 
was  the  first  blacksmith  in  Union;  very  deaf;  d.  of  con- 
sumption, Aug.  5,  1829.  March  2,  1786,  he  m.,  in  Upton, 
Mass.,  Abigail  Child,  who  d.  Feb.  7,  1837.  They  had  — I. 
Jabez  Fisher,  b.  Nov.  27,  1786;  d.  Sept.  13,  1802.  — II. 
Peggy,  or  Margaret,  b.  Aug.  19,  1790  ;  d.  Oct.  15,  1794. — 
III.  Elizabeth,  b.  March  31,  and  d.  xMarch  31,  1794.  —  IV. 
Joel,  b.  April  20,  1795;  m.,  Sept.  1,  1825,  Abigail,  dr.  of 
Levi  and  Pamelia  Hawes,  of  Franklin.  He  was  a  store- 
keeper in  partnership  with  Walter  Morse  in  Belmont ; 
afterward  lived  many  years  at  Bangor,  and  went  to  Boston  a 
year  or  two  before  he  d.  at  South  Boston,  Sept.  25,  1849. 
His  ch.  are  1.  William  Sanford,  b.  July  5,  1826.  2.  Joel 
Hawes,  b.  Nov.  28,  1828.  3.  Edward  Hawes,  b.  Aug.  20, 
and  d.  Nov.  1,  1832.  4.  Sarah  Smith,  b  July  28,  1835. 
5.  Abigail  Pamelia,  b.  Oct.  8,  1837.  6.  Mary  Maria,  b. 
April  26,  1840.  7.  Caroline,  b.  Feb.  6,  1842.  — V.  San- 
ford,  b.  May  3,  1797  ;  m.,  May  3,  1821,  Avis,  dr.  of  Spencer 
Walcott ;  r.  homestead;  and  d.  Aug.  10,  1832;  had  1. 
Abigail  Ann,  b.  April  5,  1822,  m.  Madan  King  Payson ;  r. 
Natick,  Mass.,  and  had  (1).  Lauriston,  d.  1851;  (2). 
Lisette.  2.  Joel  Fisher,  b.  Oct.  1,  1823  3.  Spencer 
Walcott,  b.  March  24,  1825.  4.  Hannah  Walcott,  b.  Feb. 
3,  1827.  5.  Samuel  George,  b.  Nov.  5,  1829.  6.  Sanford 
Manning,  b.  Jan.  15,  1832. 

Holmes,  Elijah,  b.  in  Stoughton,  now  Sharon,  Mass., 
Sept.  29,  1764;  m.,  Aug  25,  1785,  Dorcas  (dr.  of  Elisha 
Partridge,  by  his  first  wife),  b.  March  31,  1767,  in  Frank- 

*  This  family  must  be  distinguished  from  that  of  Reuben  Hills, 
who  came  in  1803  or  1804  from  liawke.  now  Danville,  N.  H.,  and 
who  was  b.  at  Chester,  N.  11.,  and  d.  here  Sept,  28,  1828.  aged 
seventy-six.  His  w..  Sarah  Currier,  d.  Nov.  1,  1835.  The}'  liad 
Samuel;  Sarah,  m.,  Jan.  20,  1803,  John  Dickey,  r.  Searsmont;  Na- 
than; Reuben;  Josiah ;  Isaac;  Nancy,  m.,  Jan.  16,  18K,  J(»nathan 
Eastman  ;  Cyrus  ;  Betsey,  d.  young  ;  Alden.  drowned  ;  Charlotte,  d. 
young ;  Louisa,  m.,  Feb.  14,  1822,  George  Silloway,  and  d.  1850. 


HOLMES.  —  IRISH.  465 

lin,  Mass.,  where  she  d.  iiil813(?).  A  short  time  before 
the  war  of  1812,  he  went  to  the  British  Provinces;  m.  a 
second  time ;  and  settled  at  Moose  River,  near  Lubec, 
Maine.  From  about  1829,  when  he  returned  to  Rockland, 
he  lived  with  his  son  Charles,  and  d.  there  Feb.  10,  1839. 
His  ch.  —  I.  Dorcas,  b.  May  26,  1786.  — II.  Bernard,  b. 
Jan.  1,  1788;  d.  Dec.  25,  1825.  — III.  Elijah,  b.  Dec.  11, 
1789.  — IV.  Willoughby,  b.  May  17,  1791  [town-record], 
1792  [family-record]  ;  d.  July  19,  1791  [town-record],  1792 
[family-record].  —  V.  Charles,  b.  Aug.  20,  1793;  r.  Rock- 
land.—  VI.  Susanna,  b.  Dec.  28,  1794,  or  Dec.  29,  1796; 
d.  Feb.  8,  1795,  or  February,  1797.— VII.  and  VIII. 
Twins,  b.  March  20, 1798  ;  Mary,  d.  May  26, 1835  ;  Hannah, 
d.  Oct.  24,  1800.  — IX.  Anna,  b.  March  31,  1800;  d.  Oct. 
22,  1800.  — X.  Amos,  b.  Feb.  14,  1802;  d.  —  XI.  Oliver, 
b.  May  12,  1803.  — XII.  George,  b.  Aug.  24,  1805.— 
XIII.  Robert,  b.  May  4,  1808. 

Irish,  Ichabod,  b.  Jan.  6,  1740,  O.  S.,  at  Little  Comp- 
ton,  R.  I ;  d.  Aug.  5,  1815.  His  first  wife,  Polly,  d.  before 
he  came  here.  His  second  wife,  Hannah  Grinnell,  b.  Aug. 
31,  1745,  O.  S.,  d.  July  30,  1794.  Early  in  1795,  he  m.  his 
third  w.,  the  widow  Jane  (Story)  Thompson,  of  Barretts  Town, 
who  d.  June  16,  1810,  set.  sixty-three.  In  his  seventy-first 
year  he  was  m.,  Oct.  23,  1811,  at  Vassalborough  Friends* 
Meeting,  to  his  fourth  wife,  Deborah  Conklin,  then  in 
her  fifty-first  year.  His  ch.  were  —  I.  Betsey,  m.  Ebenezer 
Whitcomb,  of  Barretts  Town,  and  d. ;  had  ch.  1 .  Ebenezer. 
2.  Ira,  d.  young.  3.  John,  d.  a  young  man.  4.  Ira.  5. 
Thirsa,  m.  Abel  Blood.  6.  Betsey,  m.  a  Dillingham.  7. 
Mahala,  m.  William  Fletcher.  8.  Henry.  9.  Nancy,  m. 
Kingman  Gurney.  10.  Sally,  m.  John  Whitcomb.  11. 
Benjamin,  twin  with  Sally.  12.  Ruth,  m.  Charles  Elliott.  1 3. 
Eleazar.  —  II.  Ruth,  m.  Jonathan  Fletcher,  of  Lincolnville, 
and  d.  Her  dr.  Sally,  m.  Robert  Moody.  —  III.  Mary,  or 
Polly,  d.  March,  1792.  — IV.  Permelia,  b.  July  22,  1773; 
d.  May  30,  1797.— V.  Comfort,  b.  Jan.  18,  1775;  d.  May 
1,  1796.— VI.  Thankful,  b.  April  8,  1778;  d.  Jan.  20, 
1798  ;  m.  Walter  Philbrook  ;  and  had  1.  James.  —  VII.  and 
VIII.  Twins,  b.  Aug.  13,  1780,  viz.  Mahala,  d.  Dec.  20  or 
25,  1799;  and  Thirsa,  d.  Aug.  6,  1797. —  IX.  Cornelius 
Bailey,  b.  March  10,  1782,  at  Westport  Point,  sixteen  miles 
in  a  southerly  direction  from  New  Bedford,  Mass.,  near  Se- 
connet  Point,  lives  on  the  Capt.  Joel  Adams  Place.  He  was 
40 


466  FAMILY   REGISTER. 

ordained  deacon  at  the  New  England  Methodist  Conference 
at  Providence,  R.I.,  by  Bishop  Enoch  George,  June  15, 
1823  ;  and  elder  by  Bishop  Elijah  Hedding  at  the  conference 
at  Gardner,  July  12,  1829.  He  m.,  Dec.  5,  1804,  Polly,  dr. 
of  Capt.  Joel  Adams  ;  had  1.  A  son,  b.  and  d.  March  24, 
1806.  2.  Mahala,  b.  July  22,  1807;  m.,  Dec.  31,  1838, 
William  S.  Grinnell.  3.  Milton,  b.  May  7,  1812;  m. 
Emily  Eves,  of  San  Augustine,  Texas,  where  they  live ;  ch. 
(1).  Benjamin  Milam,  b.  September,  1845;  (2).  A 
daughter,  b.  September,  1848.  4.  Lems,  b.  May  25, 
1814;  w.  Sophronia;  ch.  (1).  Mary  Jane,  b.  March  2, 
1843;  (2).  Cordelia,  b.  Sept.  27, 1844  ;  (3).  Wilder, 
b.  Sept.  3,  1846;  (4).  Judson  Greeley,  b.  June  6, 
1849.  5.  Joseph,  b.  July  19,  1816;  m.,  Oct.  14,  1839, 
Cordelia  Clary,  of  Jefferson,  who  d.  Nov.  18,  1850;  had 
(1.)  Milton,  b.  Oct.  5,  1840;  (2).  Austin,  b.  Jan.  4, 
1843;  d.  July  18,  1849;  (3).  Mary  Ella,  b.  Oct.  5, 
1846;  (4).  George  A.,  b.  Aug.  22,  1849.  J.  I.  m., 
second,  June  17,  1851,  Nancy,  dr.  of  Jonathan  and  Nancy 
(Hills)  Eastman.  6.  Melia,  b.  Aug.  31,  1818;  r.  Salis- 
bury, Mass. ;  m.  Joseph  Homer  Walton  ;  and  had  ch.  ( 1 ).  L  u- 
ella;  (2).  Edward  Morse;  (3).  Henry'Adams, 
who  d.  7.  Mary,  or  Pollp,  b.  Sept.  13,  1822.  8.  Esther, 
b.  Oct.  31,  1824;  d.  Sept.  23  or  24,  1826.  — X.  Hannah, 
b.  May  10,  1784;  m.,  first,  Abiel  Le  Doit;  and,  second, 
David  Haskell;  r.  Foxcroft.— XI.  Levi,  b.  May  19,  1786; 
m.,  Oct.  4,  1810,  Anna,  widow  of  Banham  Pease,  of  Apple- 
ton,  and  d.  May  1,  1820. —  XH.  Ichabod,  b.  May  31, 1790  ; 
m.,  first,  in  July,  1812,  Lucy,  dr.  of  Jeremiah  Mitchell; 
and,  second,  a  Curtis,  of  Newcastle.  He  had  Charles  West, 
b.  Dec.  28,  1812. 

Jennison,  Ebenezee,  son  of  Dr.  J.,  schoolmaster,  sur- 
veyor, &c.,  was  here  till  after  the  beginning  of  the  nine- 
teenth century  ;  moved  to  Dixmont,  and  there  d. 

Jones,  Edward,  Esq. ;  probably  from  Bridgewater, 
Mass. ;  t.  1791  ;  d.  of  paralysis,  June  3,  1815 ;  and  his  w. 
Phebe,  "of  decline,"  June  5,  1815,  both  aged  fifty-five;  c. 
Their  funerals  were  at  the  same  time,  and  both  were  buried 
in  one  grave. 

KiEFF,  John,  from  Thomaston  or  vicinity ;  carpenter ; 
r.  Belmont;  m.  Mary,  or  Betsey,  Peabody  ;  had  —  I.  Alex- 
ander, b.  Feb.  21,  1798.  — H.  Jane,  b.  Aug.  29,  1799.— 


KIEFF.  —  LEWIS.  467 

III.  Polly,  b.  Barretts  Town,  May  4,  1801.  —  IV.  Greenleaf, 

b.  May  13,  1803. 

* 

Lermond,  John,  from  Warren;  probably  belonged  to 
one  of  the  Scotch  families  which  came  from  Ireland  to  Lon- 
donderry, N.H.  While  a  boy,  it  is  said  he  was  in  the  fort 
at  Thomaston  when  the  French  and  Indians  besieged  and 
attempted  to  burn  it.  He  m.,  July  8,  1771,  Elizabeth 
Lamb,  b.  at  Gushing.  Though  t.  1794,  he  probably  did  not 
move  here  till  1797.  He  d.  Feb.  20,  1805.  His  son  John, 
b.  Oct.  1,  1772;  m.,  Dec.  1,  1796,  Nancy  (though  baptized 
Agnes)  Bird  ;  came  about  1799  ;  d.  June  5,  1840  ;  had  —  I. 
George,  b.  Sept.  2,  1797,  at  Warren;  m.,  1824,  his  cousin, 
Lois  Lermond,  of  Warren ;  r.  Hope.  —  II.  Betsey,  b.  Jan. 
8,  1799,  at  Warren;  m.,  Nov.  25,  1821,  Abijah  Miller,  of 
Whitefield.  — III.  Sally,  b.  March  3,  1801;  m.,  Dec.  13, 
1825,  Theodore  Scott;  r.  Belfast.  — IV.  Elsie,  b.  Oct.  31, 
1803;  d.  July  20,  1834;  m.  Marcus  Gillmor.  —  V.  Nancy, 
b.  July  2,  1805;  m.  William  Hilt;  and  d.  —  VI.  Lucinda, 
b.  April  27,  1808;  m.,  1829,  Jones  Taylor,  of  Hope;  and 
d.  March  15,  1844.— VII.  John,  b.  Feb.  1,  1810;  m.  Han- 
nah Hastings  ;  and  has  1.  Adelbert,  b.  Jan.  9,  1838.  2. 
John  Francis,  b.  Jan.  30,  1840.  3.  Eliza  Emily,  b.  April 
22,  1842.  4.  Frederic,  b.  July  29,  1845.  —VIII.  Elbridge, 
b.  Aug.  24,  1812;  m.,  1833,  Huldah,  dr.  of  Ephraim  Bow- 
ley,  of  Hope;  and  had  1.  Ephraim,  b.  March  16,  1834. 
2.  Julia,  b.  Feb.  4,  1839.  3.  Albert  Smith,  b.  March  24, 
1840.  4.  Elbridge  G.,  b.  Aug.  23,  1841.  5.  Huldah 
Elizabeth,  b.  Jan.  31,  1845.  6.  Frank  Justin,  b.  April  13, 
1846. 

Lewis,  William,  t.  1793;  probably  came  to  reside  in 
1793.  After  working  a  while  in  town,  he  m  ,  at  his  house 
in  Thomaston,  Prudence  Merry,  who  came  here  to  live  in 
the  family  of  Capt.  George  West.  N.  Robbins,  Esq.,  with 
the  lady  whom  he  afterward  m.,  accompanied  them  to  the 
wedding.  Each  of  them,  as  the  roads  were  bad  and  vehicles 
scarce,  went  on  horseback,  with  his  betrothed  behind  him  on 
a  pillion.  He  lived  on  the  hill  west  of  the  Middle  Bridge, 
and  there  dug  lime-rock,  built  a  lime-kiln,  and  made  the 
first  lime  burnt  in  the  town.  Afterward  he  moved  to  the 
place  on  the  west  side  of  the  Upper  Bridge.  He  sold  this 
farm  to  Nathan  Blake  in  1799,  moved  to  Sandy  River,  and 
subsequently  to  the  sea-shore  or  to  the  islands  at  Thomas- 


468  FAMILY  REGISTER. 

ton  or  vicinity.  In  the  war  of  1812,  he  enlisted,  went  to 
Sackett's  Harbor,  N.Y.,  and  vicinity  (?),  where  he  was  shot 
by  an  Indian,  when  he,  with  three  others,  went  with  his 
canteen  to  a  spring  to  get  water. 

LiNDiiEY,  JoAB,  br.  of  John  W. ;  bought  a  lot  of  land ; 
and  d.  of  consumption,  Nov.  22,  1793,  in  his  twenty-fourth 
year. 

LiNDLEY,  John  W.,  Capt.  (s.  of  Levi,  of  Rehoboth,  by 
his  w.,  Polly  Smith),  b.  at  Walpole,  Mass.,  Sept.  3,  1782  ; 
came  in  the  spring  of  1794  ;  r.  in  the  south-west  part  of  the 
town;  m.,  Sept.  30,  1803,  Lucy  Williams,  b.  Feb.  27,  1785, 
at  Concord,  N.H.,  dr.  of  Thomas  Jones,  an  Englishman. 
They  had  — I.  Sally,  or  Sarah,  b.  Nov.  29,  1804;  m.  Silas 
Alden.  — 11.  Levi,  b.  Nov.  12,  1806;  d.  Sept.  29  [or  25, 
according  to  gravestone],  1831  ;  u.  —  III.  Harriet,  b.  Sept. 

29,  1808  ;  m.,  first,  Galen  Hawes  ;  and,  second,  Elias  Blake, 
of  Bangor,  who  d.  1849,  by  whom  she  has  one  dr.,  and  per- 
haps others.  —  IV.  Chloe,  b.  Jan.  21,  1811  ;  d.  March  22, 
1811.  —  V.  John,  b.  April  28,  1812;  m„  1835,  Margaret 
Libbey  ;  and  had  1.  Katharine  Josephine,  b.  Aug.  21,  1836. 
2.  Rienzi  Mehil,  b.  Aug.  7,  1838.  3.  Ada  A.,  b.  June  1, 
1841.  4.  William  L.,  b.  Sept.  13,  1843.  5.  John  W.,  b. 
Sept.  5,  1847.  6.  Eliza,  b.  April  21,  1850.— VI.  Warren, 
b.  Nov.  21,  1823.  — VII.  Amanda,  b.  Aug.  10,  1825. 

Luce,  Seth,  b.  Martha's  Vineyard;  d.,  March  5,  1833, 
about  eighty  years  old  ;  m.  his  cousin,  Sarah  Luce,  who  died 
Sept.  8  or  9,  1825,  sixty-eight.  The  first  five  children  b.  at 
Martha's  Vineyard.  —  I.  Freeman,  r.  Newburgh  ;  m.  Eliza 
Clark;  had  1.  Seth,  b.  Nov.  17,  1798;  m.,  1819-20,  Olive 
Sweetser,  of  Newburgh,  who  d.  at  Dixmont.  He  then  m. 
again;  and  d.  2.  Freeman,  b.  March  9,  1801.  3.  Eliza, 
b.  Feb.  7, 1803.  4.  Deborah  Allen,  b.  April  9, 1805.  Also 
George  and  William,  and  probably  others.  —  II.  Jeremiah, 
m.,  1806,  Susannah  Hathorne ;  r.  Appleton ;  had  1.  Mary, 
b.  March  19,  1807;  m.  a  Lermond;  r.  Appleton.  2. 
James  Claghorn,  b.  Nov.   19,   1808.     3.  William,  b.  Nov. 

30,  1810.  4.  Eliza,  b.  Oct.  20,  1812.  5.  Rhoda.  6. 
Edward;  and  others.  —  III.  Thaddeus,  b.  July  13,  1782; 
m.,  Nov.  18  or  Dec.  18,  1806,  Lavina,  dr.  of  Prince  Pease, 
of  Appleton  ;  had  1.  Ann,  b.  Jan.  27,  1808;  m.  Joseph 
Gleason.  2.  Prince,  b.  Feb.  16,  1809;  m.  Almira  Butler, 
and  d.  Dec.  4,  1846;  u.     3.   George,  b.  Oct.  16,  1810;  m. 


LUCE.  —  MAXCY.  469 

Patience  Copeland,  of  Warren  ;  had  (1).  Frances;  (2). 
Charles.  4.  Nancy,  b.  April  18,  1814;  m.  Reuben 
Hagar;  and  had  (1).  Chester;  (2).  Westford;  (3). 
N  orris;  (4).  Laura,  d.  5.  SaZ/^/,  b.  Nov.  14,  1816  ; 
m.  Isaac  Burns;  had  (1).  Leonora;  (2).  Vilinda. 
5.  Mariah,  b.  July  29,  1819.  6.  Huldah,  b.  March  8, 
1821  ;  m.  William  Burns  ;  c.  7.  Miles,  b.  March  25, 1823. 
8.  HosiZZa,  b.  Oct.  11,  1825.  9.  Sullivan  Bray,  h.  ^aji.W, 
1829.  — IV.  Obadiah,  m.,  1804,  Marcy  Chaffin ;  had  1. 
Hepsy,  b.  May  24,  1805.  2.  Freeman,  b.  Dec.  29,  1806. 
3.  Whitman,  b.  June  13,  1809;  and  probably  others  since 
they  moved  to  Ohio.— V.  Sally,  b.  Sept.  10,  1786;  m. 
Gorham  Butler.  —  VI.  Remembrance,  b.  Oct.  22,  1789. — 
VII.  Thankful,  b.  Feb.  22,  1793;  m.  Ebenezer  Robbins. 
—  VIII.  Betsey,  b.  May  31,  1795;  m.,  1839,  Caleb  How- 
ard. —  IX.  Maria,  b.  Aug.  4,  1800  ;  d.  of  fever,  Sept.  8, 
1819. 

McCuRDY,  Daniel;  t.  1797;  b.  Bristol;  d.  Calais;  r. 
Fossetts'  Mills,  built  the  first  saw-mill  there ;  had  nineteen 
ch. ;  m.  thrice,  the  first  time  a  widow  Grafton,  and  the  last 
time,  at  Calais,  Elizabeth  Dresser  (?). 

Maxcy,  Benjamin,  Lieut.,  b.  Attleborough,  Mass.,  May 
11,  1740;  d.  July  26,  1791  ;  s.  of  Josiah  ;  m.,  first,  Sarah 
Fuller ;  had  three  ch. ;  and,  second.  Amy,  dr.  of  Nathaniel 
Ide,  of  Attleborough;  she  was  drowned  at  Union,  May, 
1793.  Descendants,  —  I.  Joseph,  Major,  b.  March  12, 
1764;  d.  Dec.  14,  1810,  from  taking  cold  in  a  wound  cut 
in  his  knee  with  an  axe  ;  m.  Hannah  Page,  of  Attleborough, 
who  d.  suddenly  of  colic,  April  8,  1811,  in  her  forty-third 
year.  He  settled  at  the  Mill  Farm,  at  South  Union,  where 
Mr.  Vaughan  now  lives;  ch.  1.  Nancy,  b.  July  4  or  14, 
1788  ;  m.,  Dec.  25,  1808,  Dr.  William  Dougherty;  and  d. 
June,  1832;  had  (1).  Nancy,  b.  July  4,  1808;  (2). 
William,  b.  April  28,  1811  ;  (3).  Alan  son,  b.  May  4, 
1813.  2.  Sally,  b.  Feb.  24,  1791;  m.,  March  21,  1817, 
Cyrus  Kendrick;  r.  Gardner.  3.  Lydia,  b.  June  4,  1794; 
d.  Jan.  31,  1849  ;  m.,  March  18,  1813,  David  Robbins.  4. 
Waterman,  b.  Jan.  22,  1796;  m.,  1816,  Olive,  dr.  of 
Nath'l  Robbins,  and  d.  Searsmont,  May  11,  1827  ;  had  (1). 
Nathaniel  Robbins,  b.  Jan.  9,  1817;  r.  Califor- 
nia; u. ;  (2).  Elizabeth  Robbins,  b.  April  5,  1818; 
m.  a  Shorey ;  r.  Augusta;  (3).  Joseph,  b.  Feb.  16, 
40* 


474  FAMILY  REGISTER. 

1820;  d,  Oct.  6,  1821;  (4).  Mary,  b.  April  15,  1822; 
m.  Ansel  Lennan  ;  r.  Belfast;  (5).  William  W.,  b.  Jan. 
4,  1824;  d.  Dec.  29,  1824;  (6).  Lydia,  b.  Nov.  5,  1825; 
m.  a  Whittier  ;  r.  Augusta.  5.  Leonard,  b.  Oct.  29,  1797  ; 
m.  a  Fuller,  and  d.  1832,  in  Bangor.  6.  Hannah,  b. 
March  6,  1800  ;  m.  Jonas  Hamlin,  of  China;  r.  Winslow. 
7.  (?)  Lucinda,  d.  Aug.  4,  1804.  8.  Almira,  b.  April  26, 
1806;  m.,  March,  1830,  John  Baxter  Priest,  of  Vassal- 
borough;  r.  China.  9.  Caroline,  b.  July  4,  1808;  m., 
May  12,  1831,  Robert  McGuier,  of  Waldoborough ;  r. 
South  Union  ;  had  ch.  (1).  Mary  Angela,  b.  April  10, 
1832;  (2).  Orison,  b.  Oct.  23,  1834;  (3).  Caroline 
Augusta,  b.  Jan.  23,  1836  ;  (4).  Edwin  Constantino, 
b.  May  7,  1843.  — II.  Josiah,  b.  July  25,  1766;  m.,  first, 
Chloe,  who  was  b.  April  15,  1769,  and  drowned  May, 
1793,  dr.  of  Mayhew  Daggett,  of  Attleborough.  He  m., 
second,  1794,  Sally  Pickering,  who  originated  from  Ports- 
mouth, N.H.,  or  vicinity ;  had  1.  Smith,  b.  Feb.  3,  1795; 
m.,  first,  June  14,  1819,  Clarissa  Boggs ;  and,  second,  a 
dr.  of  Moses  Crane,  of  Warren,  who  d.  1849;  r.  Gardiner. 
2.  Chloe,  b.  June  6,  1797  ;  m.,  Oct.  10,  1822,  Jason  Davis  ; 
had(l).  Elizabeth  B.,  b.  Aug.  31,  1823 ;  (2).  Maxcy 
H.,  b.  Sept.  8,  1825;  (3).  S  tatir  a,  b.  Jan.  4,  1827;  (4). 
Jane,  b.  Nov.  1,  1830;  (5).  William  T.,  b.  Feb.  22, 
1834;  (6).  Roxana,  b.  July  16,  1835.  3.  Ward,  b. 
May  16,  1799  ;  m.  July  14,  1825,  Mary  S.,  widow  of  Peter 
Robbins  ;  had  children,  and  d  in  Searsmont.  4.  Hervey,  b. 
March  8,  1801  ;  m.  an  Andrews,  of  Camden.  5.  Polly,  b. 
June  8,  1803;  m.  an  Andrews;  r.  Camden.  6.  Ama,  b. 
Aug.  15,  1805;  m. ;  r.  Camden.  7.  Daniel,  b.  1807;  m. 
a  Blood;  r.  Warren.  8.  Micajah  G. ;  r.  Camden;  b. 
1809  (?);  m.,  first,  Betsey  Blood;  and  had  by  her  (1). 
Julina,  b.  Nov.  1,  1838;  (2).  Josiah  A.,  b.  June  6, 
1841.  He  m.,  second,  a  dr.  of  Abel  Walker;  and,  third, 
Sarah  M.,  dr.  of  Thomas  Taylor,  of  Hope,  and  widow  of 
Waterman  Leach,  of  Warren ;  and  had  Sarah  M.,  b. 
Camden,  Oct.  4,  1848.  —  III.  Benjamin,  b.  July  16,  1772, 
in  Connecticut,  as  was  his  brother  Josiah  during  a  tempora- 
ry residence  ;  m.  Esther  Fuller  of  Attleborough  ;  had  Bar- 
nard ;  d. ;  Joseph ;  Eaton  Whiting ;  Esther ;  d.  —  IV. 
Sally,  or  Sarah,  b.  Nov.  20,  1778  ;  rescued  from  drowning, 
May,  1793  ;  returned  to  Attleborough  in  the  fall  of  1793  ; 
m.,  Sept.  3,  1797,  Ebenezer  Daggett,  of  Attleborough,  who 


MAXCY.  —  MERO.  471 

was  b.  April  16,  1763;  was  selectman,  town-clerk,  repre- 
sentative, and  d.  at  Boston,  March  4,  1832,  while  member 
of  the  Senate  ;  ch.  1 .  Lydia  Maxcy,  m.  Capron  Peck,  of 
Attleborough.  2.  John,  author  of  the  History  of  Attle- 
borough ;  graduate  of  Brown  University  in  1826;  lawyer; 
representative,  1837-41;  senator  in  1849;  m.,  June  18, 
1840,  Nancy  M.,  dr.  of  Rev.  J.  B.  Boomer,  of  Sutton,  Mass. 
3.  Ebenezer,  d.  Nov.  17,  1831.  4.  Hervey  Maxcy,  m., 
first,  Susan  S.  Daggett;  and,  second,  Nancy  Bates.  5. 
Amy  Ide,  m.  John  McClellan,  of  Sutton,  Mass.  6.  Mercy 
Shepard,  m.  Erastus  D.  Everett,  Boston,  and  d.  leaving 
three  ch.  7  and  8.  Twins,  viz.  Handel  JV.,  m.,  first, 
Eunice  W.  Shepard,  of  Wrentham ;  and,  second,  Jane 
Amelia'  Adams,  of  Livonia,  N.  Y. ;  and  Homer  M.,  m.  An- 
gelina Daggett,  of  Surry,  N.H.  —  V.  Lydia,  b.  March  26, 
1780;  drowned.  May,  1793.  — VI.  Hervey,  b.  April  30, 
1782  or  1783;  m.,  1805,  Sally,  dr.  of  John  and  Hannah 
(French)  Eastman,  b.  Kingston,  N.H.  (?),  Feb.  15,  1785; 
lived  on  the  northerly  part  of  the  Mill  Farm ;  now  r. 
Thomaston;  ch.  1.  John  Eastman,  b.  Aug.  7,  1806;  m. 
Ann,  widow  of  John  Henry  Adams,  and  dr.  of  Benjamin 
Boody,  of  Westbrook ;  r.  Gushing.  2.  Hannah,  b.  Jan.  4, 
1808;  m.  Reuben  Hills;  r.  Lincolnville.  3.  Joseph,  b. 
Oct.  29,  1809  ;  d.  Jan.  1811.  4.  Joseph,  b.  Jan.  29,  1811  ; 
r.,  Thomaston.  5.  Nancy  E.,  b.  Jan.  18,  or  June,  1812  ;  m. 
Charles  Hook;  r.  Danville,  N.H.  6.  Hervey,  b.  July  28, 
1814;  m.  Mariah  Staples;  r.  Swanville.  7.  Josiah,  b. 
Jan.  22,  1816;  d.  Feb.  9,  1849,  in  Thomaston.  8.  Henry, 
b.  March  10,  1821;  r.  Thomaston.  9  and  10.  Twins,  b. 
July  1,  1823,  viz.  Cyrus  and  Sarah.  —  VII.  Amy,  b.  Oct. 
26,  1784  ;  ra.  Joel  Reed,  Princeton,  Mass. ;  r.  Hermon. 

Mero,  Amariah,  b.  May  14,  1757,  at  Stoughton,  Mass., 
son  of  Hezekiah  (whose  father  and  mother  came  from  Ire- 
land, and  lived  in  Dorchester)  and  Mary  Mero  (the  latter 
d.  Aug.  26,  1827,  aged  ninety-four);  introduced  to  Stir- 
lington  by  Philip  Robbins,  whose  dr.  Susan  he  m. ;  moved 
to  Starks  in  advanced  age,  afterward  to  Mercer,  and  lately 
to  Cape  Elizabeth,  to  live  with  a  son.  They  had  —  I.  Avis, 
b.  June  19,  1787;  d.  Dec.  8,  1792.  — II.  Vyna,  b.  June  1 6, 
1789;  d.  Nov.  28,  1792.  — III.  Milla,  b.  June  1,  1791  ;  d. 
Nov.  29,  1792  [three  deaths  in  ten  days;  the  last  two  buried 
in  one  coffin].  — IV.  Spencer,  b.  Oct.  21,  1793  ;  m.,  Sept. 
6,  1818,  Esther  Winslow,  dr.  of  David  Robbins's  second 


472  FAMILY  REGISTER.       - 

w.  by  a  former  husband ;  ch.  1.  Herman,  b.  Feb.  17, 1821 ; 
m.,  1846,  Electa  Aroline  Litchfield;  has  (1).  Arthur 
Leroy,  b.  Jan.  3,  1847.  2.  Eli  Sprague,  b.  Dec.  10, 
1822;  m.,  Jan.  22,  1847,  Elizabeth  Libbey  Kelloch ;  r. 
Warren;  has  (1).  Eldon  Herbert,  b.  May,  1849.  3. 
Laura,  b.  April  24,  1825;  d.  Nov.  2  [or  4,  gravestone], 
1849.  4.  Elisha  Harding,  b.  April  1,  1827.  5.  Spencer, 
b.  Nov.  4,  1829.  6.  Sarah  Frances,  b.  Sept.  16,  1832.  7. 
Anson,  b.  June  2,  1835.  8.  Chester,  b.  March  25,  1841. — 
V.  Avis,  b.  Aug.  5,  1795  ;  d.  May  6,  1797.  —VI.  Hermon, 
b.  Feb.  11,  1798;  r.  Waldoborough ;  m.,  March,  1827, 
Lovey  West,  dr.  of  Nathaniel  Robbins ;  had  1 .  Martha 
Melvina,  b.  Jan.  14,  1828;  d.  Oct.  2,  1849;  m.  Anthony 
Kastner,  of  Waldoborough ;  left  (1).  Martha,  nine  days 
old.  2.  Harriet  Augusta,  b.  Nov.  30,  1829;  d.  Feb.  23, 
1830.  3.  Helen  Aurelia,  b.  March  17, 1831.  4.  Augustus. 
5.  Sarah  Simmons,  b.  June,  1835.  6.  Roderick  Lionel,  b. 
1841.  7.  Albert  Curtis.  8.  Charles  Hermon.— Yll. 
Charles,  b.  Jan.  27,  1800;  m.,  March  1,  1828,  Louisa,  b. 
Jan.  4,  1809,  dr.  of  Capt.  Nathaniel  Bachelor;  r.  Cape 
Elizabeth;  ch.  1.  Euphrasia  Louisa,  b.  Jan.  25,  1831.  2. 
Ruphelia  Bachelor,  b.  March  16,  1834.  —  VIII.  Susan,  b. 
March  9,  1802;  m.  Samuel  Craft;  r.  Jay;  had  1.  Helen 
Wallace,  d.  three  and  a  half  years  old.  2.  Helen,  b.  March, 
1841.  3.  Samuel  Henry,  b.  June,  1843.  4.  Charles,  b. 
Dec.  1844.  — IX.  Luther,  b.  Sept.  17,  1804;  d.  Jan.  1, 
1832;  u.  —  X.  Austin,  b.  Oct.  14,  1806;  m.  Sally,  dr.  of 
James  Simmons,  of  Nobleborough  ;  had  seven  drs.,  viz.  1. 
Barzana.  2.  Maranda.  3.  Alwilda.  4.  Rachel.  5.  Su- 
san. 6.  Mary.  7.  Electa  Allen.  —  XL  Julia,  b.  June  21, 
1808;  m.,  1830,  John  Williamson,  of  Starks ;  had  1. 
Luther  Austin,  b.  Feb.  25,  1831.  2.  Susan  Melvina,  b. 
February,  1833.  3.  Albert  Wallace,  b.  March  27,  1843. 
4.  Fostina  Melinda,  b.  March,  1845. — XII.  Melinda,  b. 
Oct.  15,  1810;  m.,  first,  William  Richardson,  of  Newton, 
Mass.;  and  had  1.  William  Wallace,  di.  eleven  months  old. 
2.  Georgia  Ann.  She^  m.,  second,  Timothy  Hunting  ;  r. 
Taunton.  —  XIII.  Chloe  Lindley,  b.  Nov.  2,  1813;  m.,  in 
the  winter  of  1828-9,  Henry  Jameson,  of  Waldoborough  ; 
d.  July  13, 1835  ;  having  had  1.  Julia  Melvina.  2.  Arvesta 
Delia.     Both  d. 

Messer,  Asa,  t.  1796;  m.  Hannah  Davis;  and  d.  Jan. 
16,   1835.     His   father,   Jonathan,   m.    Abigail  Parker,  of 


MESSER.  473 

Groton,  Mass.,  who  d.  in  Union,  Sept.  13,  1828,  aged 
ninety-nine.  Jonathan's  ancestors  were  from  Methuen, 
Mass.  Asa  had  oh.  —  I.  Sally  Commit,  b.  March  12,  1803  ; 
m.  Benjamin  Go  wen;  r.  Montville. — II.  Almond,  b.  Feb. 
18,  1805  ;  m.,  1828,  Melinda  Reed  Titus  ;  r.  Montville. — 
III.  Asa,  b.  March  2, 1807  ;  d.  ^IV.  George  Washington  ; 
r.  Montville;  b.  March  2,  1807;  m.,  Oct.  18,  1827,  Mary 
Lucas;  and  had  1.  Willard  Lucas,  b.  July  20,  1828.  2. 
Martha,  b.  Jan.  11,  1830;  m.  William  Penny;  r.  Mont- 
ville. 3.  Edwin,  d.  4.  Mary  Anna,  b.  March  17,  1833. 
5.  Sarah,  b.  Dec.  5,  1835.  6.  Aldana.  7.  George  Riley, 
b.  July,  1841.  8.  Charles,  d.  9.  Melinda.  10.  Loantha, 
b.  June,  1845;  d.  Aug.  16,  1847.  11.  Flora  Ellen.  12. 
A  dr.  b.  April,  1850.  — V.  Hannah,  b.  Feb.  28,  1809.— 
VI.  Eunice,  b.  May  14,  1811  ;  m.,  1831,  William  Caswell; 
eh.  1.  Elmira  L.,  b.  Feb.  14,  1832.  2.  William  E.,  b; 
Jan.  17,  1834.  3.  Ethelbert,  b.  June  27,  1836.  4.  Charles 
Augustus,  b.  June  26,  1838.  5.  A?nos  Roscoe,h.  March  26, 
1841.  6.  Sarah  Melinda,  b.  March  8,  1843.  7.  Hannah 
Mary,  b.  Sept.  18,  1845.  8.  Nathaniel  Harden,  b.  Aug.  21, 
1847.  — VII.  Ebenezer  Stone,  b.  Feb.  23,  1813;  m.,  Feb. 
25,  1834,  Nancy  S.  Adams;  ch.  1.  Augustus,  b.  Jan.  9, 
1835.  2.  Louisa  Maria,  b.  Jan.  12,  1836;  and  others. — 
VIII.  Asa,  b.  Oct.  8,  1815;  m.,  first.  May  8,  1836,  Caro- 
line C.  Littlehale,  who  d.  May  10,  1840;  and,  second, 
March  13,  1843,  Hannah  Allen,  dr.  of  Moses  Hawes ;  and 
has  1.  Caroline  Medora,  b.  Oct.  25,  1844.  —  IX.  Parker, 
b.  June  24,  1800,  adopted  child  of  Asa  Messer ;  m.,  1828, 
Eliza,  dr.  of  Pente  Walcott;  ch.  1.  Robert  Mathews,  h. 
March  17,  1829.  2.  Charles  Hibbard,  b.  March  13,  1833. 
3.  Ambrose,  b.  March  31,  1835.     4.  Eliza  E. 

Messer,  Thomas,  br.  of  Asa ;  t.  1 796,  and  again  in  1 799  ; 
b.  Lunenburg,  Mass. ;  m.,  1802,  Phebe  Vinal,  b.  Scituate, 
Mass.;  had  — I.  Vinal,  b.  Dec.  17,  1803;  d.  1837.  By  a 
fall,  his  spine  was  injured,  so  that  for  twelve  years  he  was 
without  sensation  in  his  lower  limbs.  —  II.  Minot,  b.  April 
20,  1805;  m.,  1826,  Lydia  Bowman,  of  Washington;  had 
1.  John  Bowman,  b.  Oct.  8,  1826.  2.  Caroline  Hills,  b. 
Feb.  23,  1809.  3.  Samuel  Loring,  b.  June  6,  1831.  4. 
Thomas  Guilford,  b.  Aug.  25,  1833.  5.  Vinal,  b.  Aug.  27, 
1835.  6  and  7.  Twins,  b.  July  18,  1837;  viz.  Lydia  Ann 
and  Hannah  Maria.  8.  Eliza,  b.  Jan.  6,  1840.  9.  Mar- 
garet Miller,  b.   July,    1842.      10.    Emelina,   b.  January, 


474  FAMILY  REGISTER. 

1845.  11.  Aravilla  Bryant,  b.  Oct.  29,  1848.  —  III. 
Emeline,  b.  Oct.  4,  1807;  m.,  Dec.  23,  1830,  Aaron  Bry- 
ant; ch.  1.  Elizabeth.  2.  William  Henry.  3.  Mary 
Elizaieth.  4.  Delphina.  5.  Sarah.  6.  Phehe  Jane.  7. 
Martha.  8.  Augustus;  d.  9.  Julia.  10.  James.  11.  ^ 
daughter. 

Mitchell,  Andros,  or  Andrews,  cousin  to  Jeremiah ; 
t.  1798;  d.  April  6,  1819;  m.  1802,  Rachel  Pearson,'H)f 
Gushing,  who  d.  June  23,  1830,  aged  sixty;  ch.  —  I.  Eliza- 
beth, b.  June  16,  1804.  —  II.  Richard  P.,  b.  June  27, 1806  ; 
w.  Sally;  had  1.  Andrews,  b.  March  26,  1832.  2.  Levi,  b. 
Sept.  8,  1837.  — III.  Enos,  b.  April  23,  1809;  m.,  1838, 
Mary  J.  Butler. 

Mitchell,  Thomas,  from  North  Yarmouth;  t.  1796; 
w.,  probably,  Dinah,  who  d.  March  or  May  10,  1821,  aged 
seventy-nine ;  ch.  —  I.  Jeremiah,  m.  Mercy  Fairbanks, 
sister  of  Mrs.  West;  had  1.  Lucy,  h.  Aug.  4,  1793;  m., 
1812,  Ichabod  Irish.  2.  Thomas  Andrews,  b.  Aug.  19, 
1795;  m.,  March  25,  1819,  Deborah  Jameson,  of  Waldo- 
borough.  3.  Mary,  b.  Oct.  23,  1797;  m.  Rev.  Solomon 
Bray.  4.  Ehenezer  Allen,  b.  Aug.  15,  1800;  m.  Keziah 
Furbush;  and  had  Thomas  A.,  b.  Sept.  21,  1834.  5. 
Hannah,  b.  Sept.  10,  1803,  and  d.  Oct.  13,  1829;  m.  Jud- 
son  Caswell,  Nov.  7,  1824;  had  (1).  Hannah,  b.  Nov.  9, 
1831;  (2).  John  Chandler,  b.  Feb.  1,  1834;  (3). 
Lendall,  b.  Jan.  23,  1836.  6.  Henry  True,h.  Aug.  8, 
1806;  m.,  1829,  Dolly  Raizor.  7.  Olive,  b.  March  26, 
1809  ;  m.  Jacob  Pevee.  8.  Mercy  Dyer,  b.  Nov.  18,  1811  ; 
after  her  sister  Hannah's  decease,  m.,  Jan.  13,  1831,  Judson 
Caswell;  and  had  (1).  Lozeah,  b.  Oct.  18,  1838;  (2). 
Mary  O.,  Feb.  18,  1842;  (3).  Christiana  A.,  b.  Dec. 
14,  1843;  (4).  Caroline,  b.  May  20,  1847.  9.  Jere- 
miah Ward,  b.  Nov.  6,  1814;  m.  Emily  Lehr.  10.  Asa 
Lyman,  b.  April  15,  1818.  11.  Jeruel  Butler,}).  Dec.  1, 
1821.  — II.  Jabez  Norton;  t.  1798;  m.,  March  29,  1800, 
Hepzibah  Ripley;  had  1.  Abraham,  b.  March  6,  1801.  2. 
Dinah,  b.  March  8,  1803.  3.  Enos,  b.  Sept.  21,  1805. 
4.  Jabez,h.  Aug.  15,  IS07.  5.  SiZas, b.  March  7,  1810.  — IV. 
Thomas;  t.  1796;  d.  Oct.  14,  1843;  m.,  Sept.  5,  1799, 
Polly,  dr.  of  Samuel  Daggett ;  and  had  1 .  Elizabeth,  b. 
June  30,  1800  ;  m.,  Dec.  10,  1818,  Samuel  Stone.  2.  Jedi- 
doll  Cutter,  b.  Jan.  18,  1802  ;  d.  of  consumption,  April  8, 


MITCHELL. — MORSE.  475 

1828.  3.  Rebecca  Athearn,  b.  April  25,  1807  ;  d.  Jan.  26, 
1836;  m.,  1835,  Elias  Breck,  of  Springfield,  Mass.  4.  Broth- 
erton  Daggett,  b.  June  7,  1810;  d.  July  10,  1811.  5. 
Thomas  Harrison,  b.  Aug.  30,  1812;  d.  July  9,  1839.— 
V.  A  dr.;  m.  Edward  Oakes.  —  VI.  Mary,  m.,  Dec.  25, 
1800,  Calvin  Morse.  —  VII.  "Dinah,  m.,  Oct.  10,  1801,  John 
Murray  ;  and  had  Thomas,  b.  July  29,  1802. 

Moore,  Augustus,  from  Massachusetts,  t.  1796. 

MoKSE,  Calvin,  b.  Nov.  22,  1773,  according  to  Barry's 
Framingham ;  was  fourth  child  and  third  son  of  Jonathan, 
of  Framingham,  who  m.  Mehetabel  Nurse,  and  d.  young. 
Jonathan's  father  Jonathan,  who  was  son  of  Joseph,  m., 
May  16,  1734,  Mary  Cloyce.  The  family  early  belonged  to 
Watertown.  Calvin,  t.  1799;  m.,  1800,  Mary,  dr.  of 
Thomas  Mitchell;  and  d.  Aug.  6,  1846,  in  Washington. 
They  had  — I.  Josiah,  b.  Oct.  2,  1801.  — II.  Dinah,  b. 
June  1,  1803.  — III.  Jonathan,  b.  Sept.  21  or  24,  1805; 
m.,  Jan.  26,  1834,  Catherine  Sherman  ;  and  had  1.  John  Q., 
b.  Oct.  25,  1834.  2.  Achsah,  b.  Oct.  24,  1835.  3.  Joseph, 
b.  Aug.  9,  1837.  4.  Charles,  b.  March  20,  1839.  5.  Cal- 
vin, b.  March  25,  1842.  6.  Mary,  b.  Nov.  21,  1845.  7. 
Lydia  A.,  b.  April  29,  1848.— IV.  Eliza,  b.  Nov.  13, 
1807.  — V.  Joseph,  b.  March  25,  1810. —  VI.  Calvin,  b. 
April  11,  1812.  — VII.  Mary  Ann,  b.  Aug.  27,  1814;  m. 
James  Hodge,  1834;  and  had  Elizabeth,  b.  April  8,  1835. 
VIII.  Orson  Adams,  b.  Aug.  8,  1817  ;  r.  Washington  ;  m., 

1846,  Jane  W.  Mitchell,  and  had  Zoar  A.  C,  b.  Feb.  9, 

1847.  —  IX.  Thomas  Andrews,  twin  with  Orson  Adams.  — 
X.  William  H.,  b.  June  22,  1821.  — XI.  Jabez  M.,  b.  Oct. 
21,  1824;  r.  Washington. 

Morse,  Jonathan,  b.  March  24,  1776;  d.  Nov.  19, 
1850;  t.  1799  ;  probably  came  to  Uuion  with  his  brother 
Calvin;  m.,  May,  1808,  Rebeckah,  who  was  b.  Oct*  18, 
1782,  and  d.  Aug.  11,  1831,  dr.  of  Col.  John  Gleason. 
They  had  — I.  Anna,  b.  Sept.  6,  1809  ;  d.  Oct.  14,  1843. — 
II.  Lydia  Gleason,  b.  Dec.  13,  1811;  d.  June  10,  1835. 
—  III.  Aaron  Gleason,  b.  Dec.  13,  1814;  d.  Aug.  21, 
1834.  —  IV.  Micajah  Gleason,  b.  Jan.  8,  1819;  m.,  Dec. 
16,  1841,  Elizabeth  U.  Demuth ;  ch.  1.  Susan  A.,  b.  May 
2,  1843;  d.  March  28,  1847.  2.  Helen  L.,  b.  Feb.  14, 
1845.     3.  Ann  E.,  b.  March  29,  1850. 


476  FAMILY   REGISTER. 

Morse,  Joseph,  br.  of  Calvin  and  Jonathan;  t.  1799; 
b.  March  27,  1771  ;  m.,  first,  Oct.  11,  1795,  Lydia,  dr.  of 
Col.  John  Gleason,  who  d. ;  and,  second,  widow  Prior,  of 
Waldoborough ;  c. 

MoRSE,^  Levi,  b.  at  Sherburne,  Mass.,  Jan.  5,  1762;  d. 

*  Samuel  Morse,  probably  from  Sherborn,  England,  or  the  vicinity, 
husbandman,  at  the  age  of  fifty,  and  his  wife,  Elizabeth,  at  the  age  of 
forty-eight,  and  his  son,  Joseph,  at  the  age  of  twenty,  in  consequence 
of  the  persecutions  by  Bishop  Laud,  in  April,  1635,  embarked  for 
New  England  in  the  Increase,  Robert  Lea,  master,  and  came  to 
Watertown,  Mass.  In  1636,  land  was  assigned  to  him  in  Dedham. 
He  was  collector,  treasurer,  and  selectman.  A  few  years  afterward, 
he  settled  at  Medfield,  and,  it  is  supposed,  built  the  house  which  was 
first  set  on  fire  by  the  Indians,  at  the  destruction  of  the  town  and  the 
killing  of  eighteen  inhabitants,  Feb.  21,  1675.  He  died  at  Medfield, 
April  5,  1654,  and  his  w.  June  20, 1654. 

His  second  son,  Daniel,  b.  1613,  and  whose  w.,  Lydia,  d.  Jan.  29, 
1690,  aged  seventy,  moved  from  Dedham  to  Medfield  in  1651.  About 
1656,  he  bought  eight  hundred  acres  of  land,  which,  May  22,  1650, 
had  been  granted  by  the  General  Court  to  Simon  Bradstreet,  after- 
wards Governor,  and  since  called  "The  Farm,"  situated  in  the  east 
part  of  what  is  now  Sherburne.  He  moved  to  Sherburne  probably 
in  1657,  where  he  appears  to  have  been  the  leading  man  of  the  place, 
and  d.  June  5,  1688. 

Daniel  Morse's  second  child,  Daniel;  r.  Sherburne;  b.  31:  11: 
1640;  d.  Sept.  29,  1702;  m.  Elizabeth  Barbour,  of  Medfield,  who  d. 
1714.  This  Daniel  Morse's  son,  Daniel,  b.  July  10,  1672  ;  d.  April  4, 
1719;  ra.,  1696,  Susanna  Ilolbrook,  who  d.  1717.  He  inherited  the 
place  of  his  uncle,  Deacon  Obadiah,  whose  only  son  d.  in  infancy. 

Obadiah  Morse,  fourth  child  of  this  Daniel,  b.  Aug.  15,  1704;  d. 
1753;  m.  Mercy  Walker,  of  Sherburne.  This  Obadiah's  third  child, 
Obadiah,  b.  March  20,  1732-3  ;  d.  in  Sherburne,  Jan.  7, 1800,  in  conse- 
quence of  a  fall  from  a  scaffold;  m.,  first,  July  10,  1755,  Grace  Fair- 
banks, who  was  b.  June  16,  1734,  and  who  d.  May  30,  1772;  and, 
second,  in  1776,  Abigail,  dr.  of  Caleb  and  Abigail  Death,  of  Framing- 
ham.  His  children  were  1.  Mercy,  b.  May  7,  1756  ;  d.  July  31,  1845 ; 
m.,  1777,  Asaph  Merrifield ;  r.  Holden.  2.  Hatmah,  b.  Feb.  7,  1758  ; 
m.  Josiah  Ward,  of  Southborough  ;  r.  and  d.  at  Bradford,  N.  H.  3. 
Adam,  b.  Dec.  9,  1759;  d.  about  1779,  from  an  injury  of  the  knee 
received  in  the  army.  4.  Levi,  b.  Jan.  5,  1762,  settled  in  Union,  Me. 
5.  Grace,  b.  March  16,  1764;  m.,  first,  Reuben  Esty ;  and,  second, 
Samuel  Whitney;  now  r.  Charlestown,  Mass.  6.  ObacUaJi,  b.-Dec.  11, 
1765  ;  settled  in  Union.  7.  Mary,  b.  Jan.  18, 1768  ;  m.  Phares  Sawin, 
of  South  Natick.  8.  Samuel,  b.  Jan.  3,  1770;  d.  January,  1826;  mer- 
chant and  hotel-keeper  in  Boston;  m.,  first,  March  25,  1794,  Sally 
Dix,  at  Newton;  and,  second,  May  11,  1800,  Elizabeth  Barnard,  at 
Cambridge.  9.  Persis,  b.  April  20,  1772;  d.  Feb.  5,  1847  ;  ni.  Dr.  J. 
Sibley,  of  Union,  Maine.  10.  Daniel,  b.  Nov.  26,  1776;  went  West 
about  1792,  in  the  service  of  Pomeroy;  never  heard  from.  W.Judith, 
b.  July  3,  1778;  d.  1779.     12.  Ezra,  b.  Sept.   1,   1779;  d.  June  24, 


MORSE.  •  4T7 

Feb.  3, 1844  ;  was  s.  of  Obadiah  ;  was  in  the  revolutionary- 
army,  and  in  the  expedition  for  the  suppression  of  the  Shays 
Rebellion,  in  1786,  —  a  rebellion  for  which  he  said  he  could 
not  blame  the  Shays  party  so  much  as  many  did  ;  "the  coun- 
try being  poor,  no  money,  taxes  high,  people  could  not  pay 
them."  He  was  at  Annapolis,  Nova  Scotia,  in  1785;  and 
perhaps  from  one  to  two  years  there  in  all.  In  1789,  he 
taught  school  in  Medtincook,  now  Friendship,  and  boarded 
in  the  family  of  the  father  of  Polly  Gay  Bradford,  who  was 
b.  at  Annapolis,  now  Onslow,  Nova  Scotia,  Nov.  8,  1772  ; 
and  whom  he  m.,  March  8,  1792.  "  May  22,  set  out  from 
Meduncook  to  move  my  wife  to  Union ;  arrived  there  May 
23."     She  d.  Oct.  25,  1845.^     Descendants,  ~  I.  Persis,  b. 

1842;  m.,  first,  Betsey  Stratton;  and,  second,  widow  Morse,  of 
Boylston,  or  West  Boj'lston.  13.  Moses,  b.  June  8,  1784;  m.,  1814, 
Hannah  Prentice,  of  Sherburne,  b.  Sept.  15,  1789  ;  r.  Union ;  ch.  (1). 
Feroline  Pierce,  b.  Sept.  8,  1815;  r.  Boston;  (2).  Edward 
Phillips,  b.  May  1,  1817;  m.  his  half-cousin,  Martha  Alice,  dr.  of 
Obadiah  Morse ;  (3).  Dexter  Perry,  b.  Jan.  2,  1824 ;  (4).  Han- 
nah Prentice,  b.  Jan.  1,  1828.  14.  Asa,  b.  June  14,  1787;  m. 
Susanna  McFarland ;  had  a  leg  amputated  in  consequence  of  a  tree 
falling  on  it,  while  on  a  visit  at  Union,  Maine ;  r.  South  Bridgewater. 
15.  Pede,  b.  Sept.  15,  1790 ;  r.  Sherburne ;  u.  Of  these,  Levi,  Oba- 
diah, Persis,  and  Moses  settled  in  Union.  The  information  in  the  first 
part  of  this  note  is  abridged  from  a  work  of  great  labor  and  research, 
entitled  Memorial  of  the  Morses,  by  Rev.  Abner  Morse. 

^  The  name  Bradford  is  derived  from  the  Saxon,  Bradenford,  or 
Broad-ford.  According  to  Dugdale,  •'  Bradford,  situated  near  the 
Avon,  ....  owes  its  name  to  the  broad  ford  of  the  river."  Mrs, 
Morse's  father,  Carpenter  Bradford,  b.  at  Kingston,  Mass.,  Feb.  7, 
1739,  was  "  put  out"  to  a  shoemaker,  ran  away,  enlisted  in  the  Old 
French  War,  was  captured  when  about  sixteen  years  old,  detained  as  a 
prisoner  in  Canada  one  year,  during  which  he  was  waiter  to  a  Catholic 
priest ;  returned,  and  m.  in  Stoughton,  Mass.,  June  18,  1761,  Mary, 
b.  Sept.  17,  1736,  dr.  of  David  and  Hannah  Gay.  When  the  Neutral 
French,  or  Acadians,  were  barbarously  exiled  from  Nova  Scotia,  and 
their  lands,  with  the  improvements,  were  offered  gratuitously  to 
settlers,  he  went  to  Annapolis,  N.  S.,  where  he  was  at  the  com- 
mencement of  the  American  revolution.  Then  the  British  autho- 
rities summoned  the  inhabitants  to  take  the  oath  of  allegiance.  He 
held  up  his  hand ;  and,  being  a  staunch  whig,  when  the  following 
words,  or  words  to  the  same  effect,  were  uttered,  "  You  solemnly 
swear  to  be  true  to  King  George,"  he  substituted  the  words  George 
Washington  for  King  George,  and  thus  really  swore  allegiance  to  the 
rebels.  "Tut,  tut,"  said  the  officer,  "that  will  not  do."  Conscious 
that  it  was  time  for  him  to  flee,  he,  in  company  with  another  whig, 
left  the  place  the  same  night,  and  proceeded  by  land  toward  Halifax. 
Just  before  arriving  there,  they  came  to  a  small  river,  across  which  a 
boatman,  either  timid  or  loyal,  refused  to  take  them.  They  threatened 
41 


478  *  FAMILY   KEGISTER. 

Nov.  11,  1792  ;  d.  Oct.  4,  1839,  of  paralysis;  u.  — II.  Wal- 
ter,  Captain,  b.  July  16,  1794;    m.  Miss   JBetsey  Poor,  of 

to  shoot  him ;  but  the  difficulty  was  compromised  by  their  being 
allowed  to  row  themselves  over,  and  leave  the  boat  on  the  other  side. 
Mr.  B.  proceeded  by  land  to  Castine,  where  he  enlisted,  and  remained 
some  time.  After  other  services  in  the  revolutionary  war,  he  sent  for 
his  family,  which  was  landed  at  Camden.  He  ended  his  days  in  Me- 
duncook.  For  his  services,  more  than  nii^e  hundred  acres  of  Ohio 
land,  it  is  said,  were  granted  to  him,  from  which  he  probably  did 
not  realize  any  thing. 

The  New  England  Historical  and  Genealogical  Register,  vol.  iv., 
contains  two  articles  evincing  great  research,  from  which  are  gathered 
the  following  items  respecting  his  ancestors.  His  father,  Elisha,  who 
m.,  first,  Hannah  Cole,  and,  second,  Sept.  7,  1718,  Bathsheba  Le 
Brocke,  had  many  children.  Carpenter  was  the  eleventh  child  by  this 
second  wife.  His  parents  moved  to  Meduncook  (now  Friendship), 
where.  May  27,  1756,  they  were  both  killed  by  Indians,  who  carried 
some  of  the  children  to  Canada,  whence  they  did  not  return  to  Me- 
duncook till  after  the  capture  of  Quebec  by  Wolfe.  *'  Deb.  Sampson," 
who,  disguised  as  a  man,  under  the  assumed  name  of  Robert  Shurt- 
leff,  served  three  years  in  the  revolutionary  army,  and  afterward  mar- 
ried Benjamin  Gannett,  of  Sharon,  and  drew  a  pension,  was  cousin  of 
Mrs.  Morse. 

Carpenter's  father,  Elisha,  was  the  oldest  child  of  Joseph  Bradford, 
b.  1630,  who  m..  May  25,  1664,  Jael,  dr.  of  Rev.  Peter  Hobart,  the 
first  minister  of  Hingham ;  and  d.  July  10,  1715.  She  d.  1730,  set. 
eighty-eight.  He  resided  in  Kingston  (then  Plymouth),  Mass.,  on 
Jones's  River,  half  a  mile  from  its  mouth  at  Flat  House  Dock ;  so 
called,  perhaps,  because  he  lived  in  a  house  with  a  flat  roof. 

Elisha's  father,  Joseph,  was  son  of  the  Governor  of  Plymouth 
Colony,  Wm.  Bradford,  who  was  b.  at  Austerfield,  in  Yorkshire,  Eng- 
land, in  March,  1588-9,  and  was  left  fatherless  when  about  two  years 
old.  He  went  to  Holland,  probably  in  1608,  whence  he  came  to  Ply- 
mouth in  the  May  Flower,  while  yet  a  young  man,  and  d.  May  9,  1657. 
He  was  chosen  Governor  in  1621,  and  re-elected  every  year  till  1657, 
except  the  five  years  1633,  1634,  1636,  1638,  1644.  The  first  of  the 
accompanying /ac-  /7  i  / 

simHes     represents       ^     A^  ^         [ /)      J       ^  ^.j,^^^ 

in  1645.    Governor  J^  ^         *   m        % 

Bradford's  first  w.  ^  •//'       -     wJC.^JJSI^J^ 

was  Dorothy  May.  lJrl/h(l0  JZJJ^^^A/^^^ 

She  was  drowned,  ^f  ^ 

Dec.  7,  1620,  in  Cape  Cod  Harbor.  She  was  the  first  female  who  d.  at 
the  Plymouth  Colony,  and  the  first  whose  death  is  recorded  in  New 
England.  Aug.  14,  1623,  he  m.  the  widow  Alice  South  worth,  whose 
maiden  name  is  supposed  to  have  been  Carpenter.  She  d.  March  26, 
1670,  aged  about  eighty.  Governor  Bradford  had  by  his  second  w. 
three  children,  William,  Mercy,  and  Joseph. 

Gov.  Bradford's  father,  William,  m.  Alice  Hanson,  and  was  buried 
July  15,  1591,  a  short  time  befere  his  father  William,  who  lived  at 


MORSE.  479 

Belmont;  and  d.,  April  20,  1825,  of  consumption;  ch.  1. 
John  Poor,  a  sea-captain ;  m.  Abby  Y.  Cotterell,  of  Belfast. 
2.  Mary;  m.  a  Cotterell,  of  Belfast.  —  III.  Hannah,  b. 
April  24,  1796;  m.,  1819,  Capt.  Lewis,  b.  at  East  Kings- 
ton, N.H.,  June  21,  1794  or  1795,  s.  of  Capt.  Nathaniel 
and  Ruth  (Morrill)  Bachelor;  had  1.  Augusta  Diana,  b. 
June  29,  1820,  who  m.,  Sept.  3,  1838,  Noah  Shattuck,  b. 
April  3,  1813,  s.  of  Capt.  Noah  and  Sally  or  Sarah  (Shat- 
tuck) Rice ;  and  had  (1).  Caroline  Louisa,  b.  Aug.  2, 
1840;  (2).  Henry  Clay,  b.  Nov.  22,  1843.  2.  Caroline 
Louisa,  b.  April  23,  1822;  d.  Feb.  14,  1829.  3.  Helen 
Lauretta,  b.  May  16,  1826;  who  m.  Frederic,  s.  of  Edmund 
and  Deborah  (Keene)  Daggett.  4.  Nathaniel  Quincy,  b. 
Aug.  11,  1828;  r.  Boston.  5.  Edwin  Aurelius,  b.  March 
11,1834.  6.  William  George,  b.  Oct.  11,  1838;  d.  Oct. 
19,  1840.  — IV.  Sally,  b.  May  13,  1798;  m.,  March  17, 
1817,  Jacob  Hahn,^  of  Waldoborough,  subsequently  of  Mon- 
mouth, and  now  of  East  Boston,  Mass.,  s.  of  Frederick  and 
Hannah  (Burns)  Hahn  ;  had  1.  Levi  Morse,  b.,  Waldo- 
borough,  Feb.  3,  1819  ;  d.  March  6,  1845  ;  m.  Betsey 
Tinkham,  of  Winthrop,  who  m.,  second,  a  widower,  Oakes 
Howard,  of  Winthrop ;  ch.  (1).  Sarah  Elizabeth,  b. 
June  2,  1843.  2.  Silas  Briggs,  b.  Dec.  7,  1820  ;  graduated 
at  Bo wdoin  College  ;  lawyer  ;  r.  East  Boston  ;  u.  3.  Dexter 
Ward,  b.  Dec.  30, 1823  ;  d.  April  26, 1851 ;  u.  4.  Rodolphus 
Franklin,  b.  April  1,  1826  ;  r.  California.  5.  Nelson 
Washington,  b.  July  4,  1828.  6.  Sidney  Bradford,  b.  Sept. 
8,  1831  ;  r.  California.  7.  Edwin  Lafayette,  b.  Sept.  9, 
1833,  in  Monmouth;  d.  Oct.  5,  1837.  8.  Ammi  Ruhamah, 
b.  Oct.  19,  1841.  —  V.  Barnard,  b.  June  11,  1802;  farmer 
in  Belmont;  m.,  1824,  Mary  Ann  Fales,  of  Hope;  had  1. 
Lewis  B.,  b.  June  18,  1825,  at  Belmont ;  m. ;  r.  Vinalhaven. 
2.  Leander,  b.  Aug.  20,  1826.  3.  William  Bradford,  b. 
Dec.  8,  1828  ;  m.  widow  Abigail  Hart,  dr.  of  Edmund  Luce  ; 

Austerfield  in  or  about  1575,  and  was  buried  Jan.  10,  1595.  Further 
than  this  the  family  has  not  been  traced.  But,  from  what  has  been 
said,  it  appears  that  Mrs.  Morse's  ancestors  were  first,  Carpenter,  who 
m.  Mary  Gay ;  second,  Elisha  and  his  w.  Bathsheba  Le  Brocke ;  third, 
Joseph  and  his  w.,  Jael  Hobart ;  fourth.  Governor  WiUiam  and  widow 
Alice  Southworth ;  fifth,  William  and  his  w.,  Alice  Hanson,  of 
Austerfield  ;  sixth,  William,  of  Austerfield. 

*  Jacob  Hahn's  father,  Frederick  Hahn,  came  from  Germany  when 
about  eleven  years  old.  At  the  same  time  came  Frederick's  brother 
George,  who  settled  in  North  Carolina. 


480  -  FAMILY   REGISTER. 

r.  Camden.  4.  Mary  Ann,  b.  Feb.  14,  1832.  5.  Samuel, 
b.  Nov.  11,  1833.  6.  George  TT.,  b.  Jan.  14,  1839,  at 
Lincolnville.  7.  ^%  J.,  b.  Nov.  9,  1840,  at  Belmont;  d. 
Aug.  3,  1843.  8.  Lucius  C,  b.  May  14,  1845.  —  VI.  Mary, 
b.  June  11,  1802  ;  Feb.  4,  1824,  became  second  w.  of  Capt. 
Daniel  Lunt,  of  Eastport ;  subsequently  moved  to  Lincoln- 
ville, where  she  d.  of  consumption,  Dec.  19,  1833.  She 
had  1.  Edwin;  r.  Galena,  111.;  now  in  California.  2. 
Daniel;  shot  in  the  Mexican  War.  3.  Martha,  m.,  1849, 
James  Henry  Upham,  of  Readfield  ;  r.  California.  —  VII. 
Levi,b.  Oct.  18, 1804  ;  r.  homestead ;  m.,  Feb.  13,  1834,  Eliza 
Daniels;  and  had  1.  Caroline  Elizabeth,  b.  Dec.  14,  1835. 
2.  Edwin  Lafayette,  b.  Aug.  5,  1837.  3.  Levi  Roscoe,  b. 
Aug.  12,  1842.  4.  John  Adelhert,  b.  Jan.  21,  1845.  5. 
J  Nathan  Daniels,  b.  March  4,  1847;  d.  Sept.  4,  1848. — 
VIII.  Nancy,  b.  Jan.  6,  1807;  m.,  Dec.  29,  1841,  Aaron 
Starrett,  of  Warren  ;  and  d.  of  consumption,  July  11,  1844; 
leaving  1.  Ellen.  —  IX.  Samuel,  b.  March  18,  1809;  d.  of 
consumption,  March  7,  1831;  u.  —  X.  Chloe  Bradford,  b. 
April  6,  1811  ;  became  the  third  w.  of  Capt.  Daniel  Lunt ; 
and  d.  of  consumption  in  Lincolnville,  Jan.  5,  1841  ;  leaving 
1.  Mary  Grace.  2.  Chloe.  —  XI.  George  Washington,  b. 
Aug.  24,  1813  ;  settled  on  part  of  the  homestead  ;  m.,  1840, 
Mary  Harding,  b.  July  19,  1815,  dr.  of  Capt.  Noah  and 
Sally  (Shattuck)  Rice;  ch.  1.  Edward  Franklin,  b.  Feb. 
28,  1841 ;  d.  Feb.  19,  1848.  2.  Leslie  Melvyn,  b.  July  16, 
1842.  3.  Orville  Dana,  b.  April  6,  1844;  d.  March  23, 
1845.  4.  Sarah  Alfaretta,  b.  Oct.  28,  1846.  5.  Harriet 
Estella,  b.  June  7,  1848.  —  XII.  William  Bradford,  twin 
brother  of  George  Washington,  b.  Aug.  24,  1813;  lime- 
burner;  r.  Rockland;  m.,  Oct.  12,  1837,  widow  Emma 
Gould  (Parsons)  Ross,  of  Stillwater  ;  ch.  1.  Penelope 
Colburn,  b.  Aug.  29,  1838.  2.  William  Henry,  b.  Jan.  1, 
1841.  3.  Charles  Bradford,  b.  Dec.  24,  1847.  — XIII. 
Harriet  Newell,  b.  May  14,  1816;  m.,  Oct.  11,  1843,  Ben- 
jamin, br.  of  Aaron  Starrett,  of  Warren;  c. 

Morse,  Obadiah,  son  of  Obadiah,  b.  at  Sherburne, 
Mass.,  Dec.  11,  1776;  came  to  Union  as  early  as  1798, 
having  previously  lived  one  or  two  years  in  Maiden,  Massa- 
chusetts, and  in  Chester,  N.  H.  He  settled  west  by  south  of 
Round  Pond,  about  half-way  to  the  summit  of  the  hill,  on 
the  north  side  of  the  road ;  m.,  first,  Sally  Palmer,  of  New- 
ton, Mass.,  who  d.  of  consumption,  Sept.  15,  1821,  aged 


MORSE.  —  NEWHALL.  481 

forty-two;  and,  second,  July  3,  1823,  Phebe,  dr.  of  David 
and  Martha  Carriel ;  and  d.  Aug.  8,  1837.  His  widow  m. 
James  Adams  Ulmer,  of  Thomaston.  He  had  —  I.  Alice, 
b.  Jan.  12,  1804;  d.  March  18,  1804.  — II.  Eliza,  b.  Feb. 
22,  1805;  m.,  July  3,  1831,  Isley  Martin,  who  was  b.  in 
Union,  Feb.  23,  1806,  son  of  Adam  (who  was  b.  in  Wal- 
doborough),  and  Mary  (Lamson)  Martin,  who  was  b.  in 
Thomaston;  ch.  1.  William,  b.  Feb.  17,  1833;  d.  Sept. 
24,1841.  2.  George  Yow7i^,b.  Nov.  10,  1836.  3.  Sarah, 
b.  May  29,  1839.  — III.  Palmer,  b.  May  2,  1807;  d.  Sept. 
24,  1808. —  IV.  Asa,  b.  Jan.  27,  1809;  m.,  in  Union, 
Eliza  Jane,  b.  at  Gushing,  Sept.  30,  1810,  dr.  of  Benjamin 
and  Nancy  (McLellan)  Litchfield ;  settled  on  the  Bela  Rob- 
bins  Farm,  but  now  lives  in  Rockland ;  has  1 .  Edwin 
Palmer,  b.  July  20,  1836.  2.  Fostena,  b.  March  7,  1838. 
3.  Argyl  Dudley,  b.  March  23,  1841.  4.  William  Spofford, 
b.  Nov.  29,  1843;  all  b.  at  Union.  5.  A  son,  b.  June, 
1851,  in  Rockland. — V.  Margaret  Palmer,  b.  March  10, 
1811;  m.,  Oct.  1839,  James  Libbey,  of  Warren  ;  c. — VI. 
Obadiah,  b.  May  18,  1813  ;  m.,  1836,  Chloe,  dr.  of  Charles 
and  Rebecca  (Cobb)  Copeland,  of  Warren,  and  settled  in 
Thomaston,  where  he  d.  July  14,  1847,  in  consequence  of 
the  caving  in  of  clay  at  a  brickyard,  July  1 1 .  Children,  1 . 
Lucius  Kendall,  b.  May  19,  1837.  2.  Newell  Austin.  3. 
Charles  Copeland.  4.  Benjamin  Wentworth.  5.  Obadiah, 
b.  April,  1847. —VII.  Jedidiah,  b.  Sept.  19,  1815;  m., 
1840,  Rebecca  Barnes,  dr.  of  Moses  and  Mary  (Jones) 
Simmons;  and  has  Alenzer  Forrest,  b.  Nov.  13,  1846. — 
VIII.  Sarah  Ann,  b.  June  27,  1818;  m.,  Dec.  25,  1836, 
David  Seavey,  the  2d,  from  Cushing ;  c.  —  IX.  Martha  Alice, 
b.  May  31,  1824  ;  m.,  June  8, 1846,  her  half-cousin,  Edward- 
Phillips,  s.  of  Moses  and  Hannah  (Prentice)  Morse,  of 
Union;  and  has  1.  Quincy  Adams,  b.  May  15,  1848.  —  X. 
Matilda,  b.  Oct.  19,  1826;  d.  May  9,  1844. —  XI.  MTary 
Frances,  b.  June  9,  1829;  m,,  1851,  a  son  of  James  A. 
Ulmer. —  XII.   Melina  Amelia,  b.  Oct.  10,  1835. 

MoRTOTsT,  Zenas,  t.  1797  ;  bought  Guild's  farm ;  returned 
to  Friendship. 

Newha-ll,  Jonathan,  from  Lynn,  Mass.;  t.  1791  ;  m. 

Hannah    Peabody,    sister    of   Mrs.    Ware,    from   Warren ; 

moved  to  Washington,  and  d.  there;  ch.  —  I.  Amos,  b.  Oct. 

11,    1791;    m.    Elizabeth   Conklin,    b.    at  Camden;    both 

41* 


482  ,  FAMILY   REGISTER. 

Friends.  — II.  Lois,  b.  Feb.  2,  1793;  m.,  May,  1814,  Rev. 
Roland  Collier,  of  Washington,  but  b.  Northport.  —  III. 
Lucy,  b.  July  2,  1795;  d. ;  u.  —  IV.  Stephen,  b.  Feb.  6, 
1797;  m.,  1822,  Louisa  Daggett.  —  V.  Jonathan,  b.  Aug. 
12,  1799;  m.  a  Boyd,  of  Washington,  who  d.  ;  and  he  m. 
again.  —  VI.  William,  b.  June  6,  1802;  m.  Abigail,  dr.  of 
Deacon  McDowell,  of  Washington.  —  VII.  James,  b.  March 
2,  1804  ;  m.  a  Wetherbee,  of  Northport ;  r,  Washington.  — 
VIII.  Joseph,  b.  Dec.  9,  1807;  m.,  first,  a  Newbit ;  and, 
second,  Priscilla  Jameson.  Jonathan  Newell  made  the  first 
horse-wagon  ever  built  in  Union.  William  Newhall,  a 
younger  brother,  was  taxed  in  1791. 

Nye,  Thomas,  t.  1798  ;  a  carpenter,  who  had  worked  on 
the  State  House,  in  Boston,  Mass.,  when  it  was  building  ;  b. 
at  Barnstable,  Mass.,  Jan.  20,  1773;  m.,  in  Warren,  1796, 
Anna  Dunbar,  b,  in  Bridgewater,  Mass.,  Jan.  27,  1776. 
He  settled  on  the  west  side  of  George's  River,  at  the  corner 
of  the  road  about  half-way  between  Hills'  Mills  and  Sunny- 
bee  Pond,  and  d.  of  consumption,  Oct.  22,  1827.  De- 
scendants,—  I.  Stillman,  b.  Jan.  18,  1797;  d.  of  con- 
sumption, April  4,  1822;  m.,  1820,  Mary  Sargus,^  b.  Feb. 

^  The  name  of  Thomas  Harris  (br.  of  William  Harris,  an  associate 
with  Roger  "Williams,  who  was  one  of  the  founders  of  Providence, 
R.  I.),  first  appears  on  the  records  of  Providence,  in  August,  1637. 
His  son,  Thomas,  treasurer  of  Providence,  surveyor,  d.  Feb.  22, 
1710-11 ;  m.  Elethan  Tew  ;  had  ten  ch.,  the  third  of  whom,  Nicholas, 
b.  April  1,  1671,  r.  Cranston,  had  six  children.  Nicholas,  the  second 
of  these  ch.,  b.  1691,  at  Johnston,  R.L,  then  called  Providence 
Woods,  moved  to  Wrentham,  Mass.,  and  m.  Hannah,  dr.  of  an  Eng- 
lish gentleman  named  Blake,  and  d.  April,  1775  ;  had  a  large  family, 
all  sons,  but  the  one  dr.,  who  m.  an  Ellis,  of  Nantucket.  The  sons 
suffered  greatly  in  the  war  before  the  treaty  of  1763.  Two  went  to 
the  siege  of  Havana,  and,  it  is  said,  never  returned.  Sylvanus  was 
killed  at  Falmouth,  Me.,  by  the  Indians.  Obadiah,  deacon,  sup- 
posed to  be  the  youngest  of  Nicholas's  children,  b.  Wrentham,  July 
7,  1736,  in  1785  moved  to  Hallowell,  Me.,  where  he  d.  July,  1800 ; 
m.,  June  27,  1759,  Lois  Ellis,  who  was  b.  June  1,  1736,  at  Wrentham. 
He  was  at  the  battle  near  Ticonderoga,  July  6,  1758,  when  Lord 
Howe  was  killed ;  and  at  Fort  William  Henry,  soon  after  the  massa- 
cre there.  Charles,  deacon,  soldier  in  the  revolutionary  war,  oldest 
child  of  Obadiah  and  Lois  Harris,  was  b.  June  3,  1760,  at  Wrentham, 
and  d.  at  Winthrop,  Me.,  July  1,  1832.  May  12,  1784,  he  m.  Mele- 
tiah,  b.  Wrentham,  Dec.  30,  1763;  d.  in  Mercer,  Sept.  3,  1834;  dr.  of 
Timothy  and  Mary  Hawes.  Obadiah  Harris,  fifth  s.  of  Charles  and 
Meletiah,  b.  at  Winthrop,  Nov.  18,  1795;  m.,  June  22,  1826,  the 
widow  of  Stillman  Nye;  and  had  1.  Herman,  b.  May  9,  1828.     2. 


NYE.  —  OAKES.  483 

4,  1796,  at  Waldoborough,  dr.  of  emigrants  from  Germany; 
and  had  1.  Anson  Blake,  carpenter,  b.  Oct.  9,  1820;  r. 
Boston.  2.  Stillman,  b.  April  30,  1822;  m.,  1848,  Emily, 
who  d.  June  17,  1850,  dr.  of  Caleb  Haddocks  ;  and,  second, 
1850,  Caroline,  dr.  of  Nahum  Thurston.  —  II.  Cyrus  Crock- 
er, b.  Dec.  23,  1799;  d.  of  consumption.  May  27,  1828; 
m.,  April  8,  1824,  Patty,  or  Martha,  dr.  of  David  Carriel. 
She  m.,  second,  Charles  Fogler ;  ch.  1.  Edward  Thomas,  a 
seaman,  b.  Aug.  25  ;  m.,  1850,  Belinda,  dr.  of  Jesse  and 
Miranda  (Fogler)  Dunbar,  of  Warren.  —  III.  Darius,  b. 
April  18,  1802,  for  many  years  clock-peddler,  now  store- 
keeper at  Milo ;  m.,  first,  Oct.  4,  1827,  Eleanor  Ayres,  of 
Newton,  Mass. ;  and,  second,  Eliza,  dr.  of  John  Burton, 
of  Warren;  had  1.  Helen  Ann,  who  d.  2.  Darius;  also 
others,  including  at  least  two  by  last  wife.  —  IV.  Caroline, 
b.  Sept.  22,  1804;  d.  of  consumption,  March  6,  1834  ;  m. 
1828,  Israel  Barker  (who  afterward  m.  Mary  Severance); 
and  had  1.  James,  cabinet-maker,  b.  Oct.  10,  1828.  2. 
Eliza  Ann,  b.  Aug.  1,  1831;  r.  Warren.  —  V.  Charles 
Austin,  b.  May  26,  1807;  d.  of  consumption,  April  27, 
1832;  m.,  March,  1831,  Caroline,  dr.  of  David  Gillmor,  of 
Newburgh  ;  had  1.  David,  b.  January,  1832.  —  VI.  Eliza,  b. 
June  22,  1809  ;  d.  of  consumption,  June  7,  1830  ;  u.  —  VII. 
Harriet,  b.  Oct.  11,  1811  ;  m.,  April  17,  1831,  Joseph  Bar- 
ker; r.  Searsmont;  ch.  1.  Harriet  Lavinia,  b.  Sept.  29, 
1831  ;  m.  a  Swan;  r.  Saccarappa.  2.  Caroline.  3.  Eliza- 
beth; also  several  others.  —  VIII.  Thomas,  b.  Jan.  16, 
1814;  m.,  1840,  Jane,  dr.  of  Daniel  Stetson,  of  Warren; 
ch.  1.  Emeline,  b.  Aug.  1841.  2.  Laura  Ann,  b.  Aug.  17, 
1844;  d.  July  11,  1846. —  IX.  Maria,  b.  Aug.  12,  1816; 
m.,  Dec.  7,  1840,  at  Marlborough,  Mass.,  Thomas,  a 
widower,  b.  Feb.  28,  1808,  at  Kingston,  Devonshire,  Eng., 
son  of  Thomas  and  Grace  Harris,  of  Boston  ;  r.  Charlestown, 
Mass.;  ch.  1.  Catharine  Loring,  b.  Sept.  7,  1841,  at  Marl- 
borough, Mass.  2.  Caroline  Maria,  h.  Feb.  20,  1849,  in 
Boston.     3.   Charles  Thomas,  b.  Jan.  20,  1851. 

Oakes,  Edward,  shoemaker;  t.  1797;  from  North 
Yarmouth ;  came  with  the  Mitchells ;  m.  a  Mitchell,  and 
moved  away. 

William  Shepherd,  b.  Sept.  19,  1829.  3.  Mary  Frances,  b.  May  2, 
1831.  4.  Charles  Henry,  b.  October  26,  1832.  5.  Edwin,  b.  January 
9,  1835.     6.  Isaac  Sargus,  b.  June  15,  1836. 


4^ 


FAMILY   REGISTER. 


Olney,^  Edward,  from  Providence,  R.I. ;  a  mulatto; 
brought  iftto  town  by  David  Gillmor,  jun. ;  m.  Susanna,  a 
Penobscot  squaw,  who  lived  in  the  family  of  David  Robbins  ; 
moved  to  Newburgh,  having  had  —  I.  Edward,  b.  July  26, 
1799.  — II.  Sally,  b.  May  22,  1802.-111.  Ebenezer,  b. 
Jan.  22,  1804. 

Paktridge,  Elisha,  s.  of  Edward  and  Sarah ;  b.  at 
Medfield,  according  to  Medfield  records,  July  8  ;  but,  accord- 
ing to  family  records,  Aug.  8,  1734.  He  was  moderator, 
June  12,  1786,  of  the  only  plantation-meeting  on  record 
before  the  one  for  town-organization.  In  1786  he  r.  on 
Colonel  Mason  Wheaton's  Place,  now  owned  by  Nahum 
Thurston.  He  left  the  house  of  Philip  Robbins  on  horse- 
back, Jan.  1,  1787,  for  his  residence;  but,  as  the  horse 
returned  without  him,  search  was  immediately  made,  and  he 
was  found,  before  noon,  dead  on  the  Western  Meadows,  so 
called,  near  Round  Pond.  This  was  the  route  commonly 
taken  by  him,  as  there  were  no  roads.  By  some  it  was 
supposed  he  fell  from  his  horse  in  an  apoplectic  fit ;  by 
others,  that  there  were  indications  of  his  having  dismounted 
and  walked  by  his  horse's  side  a  few  rods  before  he  died. 
He  m.,  first,  March  16,  1756,  Dorcas  Pond,  who  was  b. 
June  22,  1740,  and  d.  Feb.  2,  1778  ;  and,  second,  Jan.  28, 
1779,  Sarah  Fales  (of  Franklin,  Mass.?),  who  was  b. 
March  18,  1755,  and  d.  Nov.  15,  1834.  Issue,  the  first 
seven  b.  in  Franklin  ;  the  others  in  Union.  —  I.  Simeon,  b. 
May  19,  1758.— II.  Zibiah,  b.  June  18,  1760;  m.  David 
Fales,  Esq.,  of  Thomaston.  —  III.  Judith,  b.  March  17, 
1762. —  IV.  Miriam,  b.  Aug.  25,  1764. —  V.  Dorcas,  b. 
March  30,  1767;  m.  Elijah  Holmes.  —  VI.  Elisha,  b.  Jan. 
1,  1770.,— VII.  Alibeus,  b.  Nov.  14,  1779;  m.,  Nov.  13, 
1808,  Prudence  Brown;  and  d.  Dec.  12,  1840. — VIII. 
James,  b.  Sept.  10,  1782  ;  r.  Rockland;  m.,  first,  Oct.  11, 
1804,  Betsey  Brown,  of  Thomaston,  who  w^as  b.  May  19, 
1784,  and  d.  Dec.  9,  1837;  and,  second,  Aug.  8,  1838, 
Sarah  Vose.  —  IX.  Sarah,  b.  July  4,  1786. 

Peabod^,  Samuel,  t.  1791  ;  from  Warren;  had  a  fami- 
ly, lived  west  of  Sunnybec  Pond,  where  afterwards  lived 
Ichabod  Maddocks ;  then  near  to  the  school-house  in  the 

*  The  almost  entire  absence  of  colored  people  since  the  town  was 
settled  is  remarkable.  —  See  Phincb,  Melvin. 


PEABODY.  —  QUIGGLE.  485 

Daggett  neighborhood ;  moved  to  Penobscot  County ;  pro- 
bably m.  Betsey  Martin,  of  Bristol,  in  1794. 

Peabody,  William,  t.  1793  ;  m.  Lynda,  dr.  of  David 
and  Abigail  (Holmes)  Woodcock,  about  1794;  moved  to 
Penobscot  County,  and  d.  there ;  had  —  I.  Jason,  b.  Dec. 
17,  1795.  — II.  Esther  C,  b.  Aug.  29,  1797.  — III.  Al- 
mond, b.  Dec.  1,  1800.  — IV.  Hannah,  b.  Jan.  22,  1804. 

Pratt,  Oliver,  t.  1799,  lived  on  the  place  now  owned 
by  John  Burns,  and  was  one  of  the  early  emigrants  to  Ohio. 

Prince,  Melvin  and  Sylvanus,  mulattoes,  or  rather 
half  Indian,  quarter  French  and  quarter  English,  sons  of 
Sylvester  Prince,  from  the  South  Shore,  Mass. ;  worked  con- 
siderably for  Philip  Robbins.  Melvin  Prince  was  taken, 
when  a  small  boy,  by  Amariah  Mero,  and  brought  up.  He 
was  here  perhaps  twelve  years,  and  his  father  three  or  four. 
These,  with  Olney  and  his  wife,  are  the  only  colored  people 
who  ever  resided  in  town. 

QiriGGLE,  Samuel,  t.  1797  ;  b.  Dedham,  Mass.,  Nov.  19, 
1771  ;  came  from  Franklin  about  the  same  time  with  N. 
Daniels;  m.,  first,  at  David  Robbins's,  Nov.  30,  1797, 
Dimmis  Hammond,  b.  Oct.  9,  1775,  at  Needham,  who 
had  taught  school  in  the  Round  Pond  district.  She  d. 
March  11,  1838;  and  he  m.,  second,  at  Mansfield,  Mass., 
May  6,  1840,  Eunice  (widow  of  Amasa  Pratt),  b.  Mansfield, 
July  29,  1778,  dr.  of  Elijah  and  Elizabeth  Williams.  He 
had  —  I.  Dimmis,  b.  Feb.  14, 1800  ;  d.  at  Waldo,  February, 
1842;  m.,  Oct.  26,  1817,  Daniel  Linniken ;  ch.  1.  Thomas, 
b.  in  Union,  Nov.  5,  1818  ;  m.  2.  John,  b.  Dec.  15, 1820  ; 
m.  3.  Hannah,  b.  Jan.  14,  1823;  m.,  March  28,  1848, 
Nathaniel  Bartlett ;  r.  Lynn,  Mass. ;  and  has  (1).  Eugene 
Henry.  4.  Mari/,  b.  May  27, 1825  ;  m.  a  Doty  ;  r.  War- 
ren. 5.  Jane,  b.  Waldo,  July  7,  1827.  6.  Harriet,  b. 
May  17, 1830.  1.  Maria,h.\^2>2.  8.  IFi'ZZiam,  b.  January, 
1835.  9.  D«meZ,b.  1837.  10.  i?w/ws,  b.  1840. —  II.  Sally, 
b.  June  7,  1801  ;  m.,  first,  1818,  Thomas  Staples  Perkins, 
of  Hope,  who  settled  in  Belmont,  and  d.  Sept.  9,  1824; 
and,  second,  John  Shepherd  Bean,  and  lives  in  Searsmont. 
She  had  ch.  (three  of  them  by  her  first  husband)  ;  1.  Tamson, 
b.  in  Union,  April  21,  1819  ;  m..  May  8,  1840,  Kiah  Bailey 
Somes  ;  r.  North  Chelsea,  Mass. ;  and  had  (1).  Adelaide 
Elizabeth,  b.  Jan.  8, 1842;  (2).  George  Frederic, 


486  FAMILY   REGISTER. 

b.  Aug.  31,  1845;  d.  Oct.  7,  1845;  (3).  Abby  Ara- 
bella, b.  Aug.  31,  1847;  (4).  Thomas  Perkins,  b. 
Sept.  18,  1849.  2.  Abijah,  d.  joung.  3.  Betsey,  or  Eliza- 
beth, b.  in  Union,  Sept.  8,  1822  ;  m.,  April  29,  1847,  John 
Smith  Nichols,  of  Maiden,  Mass. ;  and  has  (1).  Nathan, 
b.  Jan.  18,  1848;  (2).  John  Smith,  b.  Jan.  5,  1850. 
4.  Joseph  Shepherd,  b.  Nov.  3,  1827,  at  Belmont ;  d.  at 
sea,  April  1,  1850.  5.  John  Lewis,  b.  Jan.  3,  1830,  in 
Union.  6.  Olive  Holmes,  b.  Nov.  15,  1831  ;  m.,  April  29, 
1851,  Joseph  M.  Somes,  of  North  Chelsea,  Mass.  7.  Har- 
riet Louisa,  b.  Sept.  26, 1833.  8.  Sarah  Dimmis,  b.  April, 
1835.  9.  Helen  Josephine,  b.  Feb.  15,  1837.  10.  EHsha 
Lorenzo,  b.  Feb.  1,  1842.     11.   Samuel   Smith,  b.  1844. — 

III.  Hannah  H.,   b.   Sept.  25,  1803  ;  d.  May  23,  1824.— 

IV.  Phanne,  Fanny,  or  Frances,  b.  June  24,  1805;  m., 
June  29, 1826,  William  Bennet,  of  Searsmont ;  ch.  1.  Martin 
Paul ;  and  others.  — V.  Hammond,  b.  Aug.  5, 1807  ;  killed 
himself  in  jail  in  Belfast.  —  VI.  Harriet,  b.  Nov.  21,  1809  ; 
m.,  Sept.  26,  1837,  Daniel  Wood,  b.  at  Prospect,  Me.,  s. 
of  Daniel  Tibbetts  ;  and  he  d.  March  23,  1844,  at  Edgefield 
Court-house  District,  S.C.  She  r.  Boston  ;  ch.  b.  at  Edge- 
field, 1.  A  son,  b.  Feb.  17,  1839;  d.  June  4,  1839.  2. 
Otis  Nelson,  b.  June  23,  1841.  3.  Abby  Louisa,  b.  July 
14,  1844,  at  Ashland,  Mass.  —  VII.  Samuel,  b.  Dec.  15, 
1811;  m.,  1838,  Clementine  Blood,  of  Warren;  ch.  1. 
Llewellyn'Augustus,  b.  March  11,  1839;  drowned  June  10, 
1841.  2.  Guilford  Williams,  h.Jd.Ti.\0,\M\.  3.  Sarah 
Ann,  b.  Jan.  8,  1843.  4.  Margaret  Adelia,  b.  July  23, 
1845.  4.  A  son.  —  VIII.  Nathaniel  Emmons,  born  Feb. 
20,1816;  d.  July  24,  1838.  — IX.  Mary  Louisa,  b.  Sept.  23, 
1818  ;  m.  William  Bacon  ;  r.  Ashland,  Mass.  ;  ch.  1.  Charles 
William.  2.  Louisa,  d.  young.  3.  Mary  Dimmis,  b.  Octo- 
ber, 1845.  4.  Andrew  Jackson.  5.  A  child,  b.  February, 
1851. 

RoBBiNS,  Bela,  b.  May  2,  1761  ;  d.  April  19,  1831. 
He  was  son  of  Ebenezer ;  ^  came  with  his  father  from  the 

^  All  the  persons  named  Robbing,  who  live  in  Union  and  vicinity, 
are  said  to  be  descended  from  William  and  Priscilla.  IIobbins. 
If  so,  the  former,  probablj'-,  is  the  person  of  the  same  name  who  d. 
at  Walpole,  Aug.  18,  1725 ;  and  the  latter  the  one  who  d.  March  5, 
1744-5.  Their  son  Ebenezer,  b.  May  19,  1691 ;  d.  July  3  [family-record] 
or  6  [Walpole  record],  1762;  all  his  ch.  probably  b.  in  Walpole, 
Mass. ;  the  first  four  by  his  first  wife,  Mary ;  the  others  by  his  second 


f  ROBBINS.  487 

Fox  Islands,  and  soon  after  "  went  out  in  the  war,"  where, 
it  is  said,  he  served  three  years,  fie  m.  Margaret  Meservey, 
1785.  "He  would  take  a  log  and  make  one  of  the  best 
and  handsomest  of  canoes,  and  canoes  were  of  great  conse- 
quence at  the  time.  He  had  not  a  chair  or  bedstead  in 
the  house  for  many  years  after  marriage.  The  furniture 
consisted  of  benches  for  seats,  and  shingle  blocks  with 
boards  on  them  for  benches."  The  eh.  were  —  I.  Lewis,  b. 
Dec.  22,  1786;  m.,  1811,  Nancy  Fales,  of  Thomaston.  —  II. 
Sabra,  b.  May  4,  1788  ;  m.,  May  16,  1805,  Leonard  Bump ; 
and  had  1.  Leonard,  b.  Aug.  13,  1806;  d.  July  30,  1829. 
2.  Lewis,  b.  Oct.  16,  1807.  3.  Josephus,  b.  June  3,  1810. 
4.  Maria,  b.  Feb.  17,  1813.  5.  Almond,  b.  Sept.  18, 
1816;  d.  Oct.  8,  1831.  6.  Matilda,  b.  Sept.  18,  1819.  7. 
Lovey,   b.   March  17,   1821.     8.   Sahra,  b.  Feb.  14,  1823. 

9.  Darius  W.,  b.  April  10,  1829. —  III.  Becca,  b.  March 
15,  1790. —  IV.  Harvey,  b.  Sept.  17,  1794;  m.  Susan 
Brazier,  Feb.  2,  1812;  r.  Appleton.  —  V.  Chloe,  b.  May 
25,  1795;  m.  Benjamin  Simmons,  June  23,  1811  ;  r.  Hope. 
VI.  Ebenezer,  b.  April  29, 1797  ;  m.  Polly  Weaver  in  1 8 1 6 ; 
r.  Winsor;  had  1.  Polly,  b.  Feb.  27,  1817.  2.  Lucinda, 
b.  Jan.  28,  1819.  3.  Philinda,  b.  Feb.  25,  1821.  4. 
Juliann,  b.  March  6,  1823.  5.  Spencer,  b.  Aug.  15,  1825. 
6.  Lavina,  b.  Dec.  29,  1827.  —  VIL  Cyrus,  b.  May  12, 
1799;  m.,  1819,   Olivia  Hansom;  ch.   1.  Wilbert,  b.  May 

20,  1820.  2.  Cyrus,  b.  Aug.  29, 1822  ;  m.  Margaret  Burns, 
and  had  (1).  Wilmpt  C. ;  d.  Dec.  29,  1849;  (2). 
Eldred,  b.  Jan.  3,  1850.  3.  Alvin  N.,  b.  March  20, 
1«24;  m.  4.  Eber  A.,  b.  Sept.  29,  1826.  5.  Diantha 
Atelia,  b.  Oct.  3,  1829.  6.  Olivia  Verdilla,  b.  June  1, 
1830.     7.  Lorrilia  Arvilia,  h.Se]^t.  1 4, 183 1.     8.   Almatia 

wife,  Experience  Holmes,  who  was  b.  June  7,  1706;  viz.  1.  Mary,  b*. 
Nov.  12,  1720;  d.  July  18,  1746.  2.  Sarah,  b.  Oct.  23,  1722/^''3. 
Ebenezer,  b.  Sept.  11,  1724;  settled  in  Union ;  d.  March  1,  1798.  He 
lived  in  Attleborough  a  while,  came  to  Fox  Islands  before  the  Revo- 
lution broke  out,  and  came  off,  as  many  others  did  at  the  time,  to  get 
away  from  the  British.  [See  page  47.]  4.  Oliver,  b.  Oct.  1,  1727  ; 
settled  in  Thomaston ;  d.  March  27,  1792.  5.  rkilip,  b.  Aug.  20, 
1730;  settled  in  Union.  6.  Margaret,  b.  May  29,  1732.  7.  Benoni, 
b.  June  21  [family-record],  or  22  [Walpole  record],  1733.  8.  Expe- 
rience, b.  June  2,  1735.     9.  Josiah,  b.  July  23,  1737  ;  settled  in  Union. 

10.  Margaret,  b.  Jan.  16,  1739-40.  11.  Tabitha,  b.  April  9,  1742; 
d.  Sept.  25,  1775.  12.  Isaac,  b.  July  3,  1744;  d.  Nov.  12,  1762.  13. 
Nathaniel,  b.  Feb.  6,  1746-7;  d.  Julv  8,  1747.     14.  Nathaniel,h.  Nov. 

21,  1748;  d.  Oct.  1,  1770. 


488  FAMILY   REGISTER. 

Welthania,  b.  Nov.  29,  1832.  —  VIII.  Clarissa,  b.  Sept.  23, 
1801;  m.,  1822,  Osmyn  Davis,  of  Warren;  r.  Waldo- 
borough.  —  IX.  Sophronia,  b.  April  24,  1804 ;  m.,  Dec.  31, 
1822,  Philip  Newbit.  — X.  Harriet,  b.  July  26,  1806;  m., 
Dec.  28,  1820,  John  Robinson  ;  ch.  1.  Elmira,  b.  in  Waldo- 
borough,  May  18,  1822;  d.  2.  Warren,  b.  July  12,  1823. 
3.  Roxana  R.,  b.  April  21,  1825,  in  Jefferson;  d.  4. 
Lenora,  b.  July  15,  1827.  5.  Clarinda,  b.  Oct.  5,  1829. 
6.  Darius,  b.  Sept.  20,  1831.  7.  Stillman,  b.  Aug.  20, 
1833.  8.  Horatio,  b.  Jan.  8,  1836,  in  Union.  9.  Alvira, 
b.  Dec.  23,  1837.  10.  Avilla,  b.  Dec.  28,  1840;  d.  April 
20,  1841.     11.  Delano,  b.  April  5,  1841. 

RoBBiNS,  David,  b.  at  Walpole,  Mass.,  March  21,  1752  ; 
d.  Aug.  12,  1831  ;  owned  the  first  horse  in  town,  the  first 
chaise,  the  first  sleigh,  the  first  hack ;  and  his  was  the 
first  w.  or  woman  who  moved  into  town  to  reside.  He 
m.,  first,  Elizabeth,  Feb.  11,  1772,  who  d.  June  18,  1801 
(dr.  of  John  Chapman,  a  Scotchman,  and  his  w.,  Betsey  Jel- 
lard,  at  the  time  of  marriage  the  widow  Quiggle) ;  and, 
second,  widow  Marcy  (Hunt)  Winslow,  b.  in  Waldoborough, 
and  who  d.  in  Waldoborough,  December,  1848,  aged  eighty- 
one.  Issue,  —  I.  Jason,  b.  March  13,  1772,  at  Walpole, 
Mass. ;  d.  July  10,  1794  ;  m.  Jane,  dr.  of  C.  Butler,  and  had 
1.  Betsey,  b.  March  7,  1794,  who  m.  Benjamin  Buzzell  in 
1813.  Mrs.  R.  m.,  second,  in  1800,  Sterling  Davis.  —  II. 
Chloe,  b.  Walpole,  Mass.,  Sept.  11,  1773  ;  m.,  first,  Samuel 
Bartlett,  a  widower,  of  Barretts  Town,  now  Hope  (who  was 
b.  at  Newton,  Mass.,  July  18,  1763,  and  whose  w.,  Abigail 
Knight,  d.  April  15,  1784);  and,  second,  Sept.  1,  1806, 
Abner  Dunton,  b.  Lincolnville,  April  26,  1781.  She  had, 
by  her  first  husband,  1.  Jason,  b.  Aug.  15,  1795  ;  d.  in  New 
York  city,  u.,  March,  1833.  2.  Sophronia,  b.  Dec.  12, 
1796;  m.  Abram  Nason.  3.  Isaac,  b.  March  7,  1798;  w. 
Clarissa.  4.  Noah,  b.  Feb.  26,  1800;  d.  Nov.  19,  1834; 
m.  Matilda,  dr.  of  Herman  Hawes.  5.  Samuel,  b.  March 
3,  1802;  m.  Mary  Jane,  dr.  of  Jacob  Sibley.  6.  Joel,  b. 
April  24,  1803  ;  m.  Mary  Dunton,  of  Westfield.  7.  Joseph, 
b.  June  3,  1805  ;  d.  March  22,  1825.  By  her  second  h.  she 
had  8.  Abner,  b.  Aug.  1,  1807  ;  m.  Susanna  W.  Harwood. 
9.  Seldom,  writing-master,  b.  Feb.  14,  1809.  10.  Chloe, 
b.  Nov.  30,  1810;  d.  Aug.  11,  1817.  11.  Alvin,  writing- 
master,  b.  April  13, 1812  ;  m.  Elizabeth  Harris,  of  Liberty, 
who   d.    1850.     12.  Washington,  b.   Sept.   14,   1813.     13. 


ROBBINS.  489 

Nancy  Gushee,  b.  April  9,  1815;  d.  March  30,  1848;  m. 
Joseph  Wiley.  14.  John  B.,  b.  May  18,  1817;  m.,  first, 
Dellora  Bartlett ;  and,  second,  Caroline,  dr.  of  David  Rob- 
bins. —  III.  Joseph,  b.  Thomaston,  July  7,  1775;  d. 
February,  1850;  r.  near  Mount  Pleasant;  m.,  first,  April 
5,  1798,  Abigail,  dr.  of  C.  Butler;  and,  second,  in  March, 
1820,  Hannah  Sterling,  of  Appleton,  from  St.  George;  had 
1.  Lucy,  b.  July  30,  1801  ;  ^.  2.  Christopher  Butler,  b. 
June  11,  1803;  m.,  1829,  Mary  Noyes,  of  Warren.  3. 
Samuel  H.,  b.  May  1,  1805  ;  m.,  1829,  in  Searsmont,  a  Ben- 
net  ;  r.  Hope.  4.  Eliza,  b.  July  9,  1807  ;  m.  John  Briggs. 
5.  Nancy  Gushee,  b.  May  8,  1809;  m.  a  Jones;  r.  Goose 
River  in  Camden;  and  d.  1851.  6.  Mercy  W.,  b.  June  22, 
1811;  m.  7.  Chloe  3L,  b.  Jan.  17,  1816;  d.  Nov.  25, 
1834;  m.  Oliver  Matthews,  of  Warren.  —  IV.  Silence,  b. 
Feb.  22,  1777;  d.  Feb.  22,  1777;  the  first  white  child  b. 
in  town.  — V.  Lucy,  b.  Feb.  19,  1778;  d.  March  1,  1778; 
the  second  white  child  b.  in  the  town.  —  VI.  Joel,  b.  June 

3,  1780  ;  the  first  male  child  born  in  town,  and  the  first  per- 
son born  here  who  was  required  to  do  military  duty ;  set- 
tled at  the  east  part  of  the  town;  m.,  Oct.  16,  1799, 
Rebecca,  dr.  of  Christopher  Butler.  —  VII.  Nancy,  b.  April 
22,  1782;  m.,  Nov.  14,  1799,  Almond  Gushee,  of  Hope. — 
VIII.  Ebenezer,  b.  Oct.  4,  1783;  m.  Thankful,  dr.  of  Seth 
Luce;  r.  Appleton.  —  IX.  Pardon,  b.  June  18,  1785;  was 
left  in  a  store  on  the  Common,  the  night  of  April  2,  1838, 
where  he  was  found  dead  the  next  morning ;  u.  —  X. 
David,  b.  Feb.  20, 1788  ;  settled  on  the  homestead ;  became 
blind ;  in  a  state  of  depression,  after  several  unsuccessful 
attempts,  succeeded,  July,  1850,  in  killing  himself,  "by 
taking  a  twist  in  his  neckhandkerchief  with  a  stick."  He 
m.,  March  18,  1813,  Lydia,  dr.  of  Joseph  Maxcy ;  had  1. 
Gilbert,  b.  Jan.  3,  1814;  d.  Aug.  29,  1834.  2.  Oren,  b. 
Feb.  1,  1815;  enlisted;  d.  in  Mexico,  Nov.  20,  1847.  3. 
Elvira,  b.  Oct.  6,  1816  ;  m.,  July  4,  1843,  Asa  Crockett, 
of  Thomaston.  4.  Olive,  b.  Feb.  14,  1819;  m.,  Jan.  11, 
1844,  Philo  Thurston,  jr.;  and  has  a  son.  5.  Hannah 
Elizabeth,  b.  Dec.  29,  1821.     6.  Waterman  Maxcy,  b.  Feb. 

4,  1823.  7.  Mary  Weeks,  b.  Nov.  12,  1824;  m.,  Nov. 
1848,  Samuel  Winslow ;  r.  Newton,  Mass.  8.  Nancy  Maxcy, 
b.  Nov.  18,  1826;  d.  Jan.  1851,  9.  Caroline  Maxcy ^  h. 
Sept.  16,  1828  ;  m.  John  B.  Dunton.  10.  Maxcy,  b.  July  13, 
1830.     11.  Ermina  Gushee,  b.  Aug.  22,  1832.     12.  Lydia 

42 


490  ,  FAMILY  REGISTER. 

Amanda,  b.  Jan.  24,  1836.  13.  Mandalene  Victoria,  b. 
Oct.  29,  1837;  d.  May  21,  1850.  — XL  John  Chapman,  b. 
April  17,  1791  ;  m.  Berintha,  dr.  of  Thomas  Daggett ;  ch. 
1.  Spencer,  b.  Aug.  6,  1809  ;  d.  June  27,  1834.  2.  Cordelia, 
b.  March  17,  1811  ;  m.,  Sept.  8,  1833,  Vinal,  s.  of  Nathan 
Hills;  r.  Northport ;  had  (1).  Spencer  R.,  b.  Dec.  25, 
1833;  (2).  A  dilate,  b.  Oct.  30,  1835,  d.  April  16,  1836; 
and  probably  others.  3.  Hannah,  b.  Nov.  27,  1812;  r. 
Saccarappa;  m.,  May  30,  1830,  Otis  Himnewell,  from  New- 
ton, Mass. ;  and  had  Edwin  Emery,  b.  Sept.  1 3,  1 830, 
d.  June  27,  1831  ;  Charles  Edwin,  d.  June  27,  1840, 
aged  nine  months;  also  Henry  and  Eli  as.  4.  Irene,  b. 
Feb.  9,  1815;  m.,  Jan.  11,1 835,  Paul  Lincoln,  of  Appleton ; 
and  d.  5.  Laurinda,  b.  May  10,  1817  ;  m.  Orson  Crcmett, 
who  was  killed  by  the  bursting  of  a  grindstone,  at  South 
Union.  6.  Elias,  b.  April  2,  1819;  travels,  as  musician, 
with  a  caravan  of  animals.  7.  AJdina,  b.  April  22,  1821  ; 
d.  June  12,  1841.  8.  John  Chapman,  sea-captain,  b.  March 
6,  1823  ;  r.  Northport.  9.  Martha  M.,  b.  May  31,  1825; 
r.  Saccarappa.  10.  Almond  Gushee,  b.  Oct.  30,  1828  ;  d. 
March  17,  1830.  — XH.  Maxcy,  b.  June  23,  1793;  clothier, 
musician,  accompanied  a  circus  or  caravan  of  animals ;  and 
d.,  1832,  of  cholera,  in  Upper  Canada;  m.,  1818,  in  Stra- 
tham,  N.H.,  Mary  W.,  b.  Stratham,  N.H.,  Nov.  21,  1797,  d. 
Manchester,  N.H  ,  Dec.  4,  1849,  dr.  of  "Walter  and  Nancy 
(Jewett)  Weeks;  and  had  1.  Ann  Elizaleth,  b.  Sept.  24, 
1818,  Exeter,  N.H. ;  d.  Aug.  1819.  2.  Hannah,  b.  Sept.  23, 
1820,  Epping,  N.H. ;  d.  Oct.  18,  1844,  Manchester,  N.H. ;  c; 
m  ,  June  9,  1840,  Daniel  Clark,  lawyer,  Manchester,  N.H.  — 
Xm.  Eliza,  b.  Aug.  14,  1802  ;  d.  March  18,  1805.  — XIV. 
Sally  Simmons,  b.  Sept.  25,  1807;  d.  Oct.  7,  1807. —  XV. 
Sarah  Simmons,  b.  Dec.  2;  1 808 ;  m.,  first,  James  Woodcock; 
had  a  son,  d.  young  ;  Leonora  Levensel/er,  b.  Feb.  17,  1830, 
m.  Isaac  Kahler,  1848;  Esther  Mero,  b.  Jan.  16,  1832; 
also  a  son ;  having  lost  Harriet.  Mrs.  "W.  m.,  second, 
Nathaniel  Hunt,  of  Waldoborough  ;  and  has  Cctavia,  Sel- 
dom Dunton,  Statira,  Cren  Rollins,  <5*c. 

Bobbins,  Jessa,  s.  of  Philip,  b.  Walpole,  Mass.,  April 
16,  1759;  m.,  first,  in  the  fall  of  1783,  Jemima,  sister  of 
Capt.  Joel  Adams,  who  was  b.  at  Franklin,  Mass.,  and  d. 
Oct.  20,  1790;  by  whom  he  had  —  I.  Submit,  d.  Aug. 
7,  1790.  He  m.,  second,  in  the  spring  of  1792,  Kuth 
Pearce ;  b.  Rehoboth,  Mass.,  Oct.  16,  1760 ;  who  d.  April  9, 


ROBBINS.  491 

1838;  and  had  —  II.  John  Pearce,  b.  Sept.  2,  1793;  m., 
April  2,  1815,  Polly,  b.  Nov.  26,  1790,  dr.  of  John  and 
Elizab3th  Mero  ;  and  had   1.    Caroline,   b.  Jan.  15,  1816. 

2.  John,  b.  Feb.  20, 1818  ;  m.  Hannah  Douglass  ;  r.  Gardi- 
ner. 3.  Mary  Ann,  b.  Sept.  23,  1819;  m.  Or  en  Oxford 
Stewart.  4.  Jesse,  b.  June  21,  1823;  m.,  Feb.  22,  1849, 
Harriet  Newell  Young,  of  Jefferson.  5.  Catharine,  b. 
March3, 1826  (?).  — III.  Milton,  b.  Jan.  8,  1796  ;  d.  Oct.  23, 
1802.  —  IV.  Jason,  b.  July  2,  1799;  r.  homestead;  m., 
March  28,  1824,  Lucy  Thorndike,  of  Searsmont ;  and  had 
1.  Adaline,  b.  March  23,  1825;  m..  May,  1849,  Emery 
Franklin  Joy.     2.   Clementine  Thorndike,  b.  Nov.  25,  1832. 

3.  Alphonso,  b.  July  29,  1835.  4.  Jason,  b.  June  25,  1838. 
5.  Lycurgus,  b.  May  17,  1814.  —  V.  Mima,  b.  Aug.  14, 
1801;  m.  George  Butler,  of  Thomaston.  —  VI.  Jesse,  b. 
May  28,  1B06  ;  m.,  first,  May  9,  1830,  Hannah,  dr.  of  David 
Carriel;  and  had  1.  Ann  Augusta,  b.  March  28,  1831.  2. 
Charles  C,  b.  Dec.  4,  1832.     3.  Dexter,  b.  Sept.  9,  18J4. 

4.  Mary  Ellen,  b.  Aug.  14,  1836.  5  and  6.  Twins,  jEmer^; 
and  Emerson,  b.  1837.  7.  Levi,  b.  1840.  He  m.,  second, 
in  1845,  widow  Louisa  (Smith)  Dutton ;  c. 

RoBBiNS,  JosiAH,  b.  Walpolc,  Mass.,  July  23,  1737;  d. 
Union,  Jan.  5,  1811  ;  m.,  in  Franklin,  Sarah,  b.  April  24, 
1746  ;  d.  of  dropsy,  Feb.  27,  1825;  dr.  of  Matthew  Smith, 
of  Bellingham;  had  —  I.  Olive,  b.  Feb.  23,  1766;  m., 
first,  Robert  Gillmor,  of  Franklin,  Nov.  15,  1785;  and, 
second.  Deacon  James  Metcalf,  of  Franklin,  and  had  ch.  by 
the  first  husband  only.  —  II.  Molly,  or  Mary,  b.  Nov.  1, 
1767;  m.  David  Gillmor. —III.  Sarah,  b.  Feb.  19,  1770; 
m.  Rufus  Gillmor.  —  IV.  Nathaniel,  b.  Stoughtonham, 
Oct.  2,  1773;  m.,  1793,  Lovey,  b.  Holmes's  Hole,  Mass., 
April  1,  1775,  dr.  of  Capt.  George  West.  She  d.  of  lung- 
fever,  Nov.  9  [10,  gravestone],  1812.  Hem.,  June  15,  1814, 
Elizabeth,  whose  maiden  name  was  Lummus,  b.  Feb.  4, 1 776, 
in  Hamilton,  Mass.,  widow  of  David  Coggswell,  of  Ipswich, 
Mass.  N.  R.  lived  in  Union  till  the  fall  of  1840,  when  he 
moved  to  Brunswick,  where  he  d.  of  dropsy,  July  4,  1850. 
His  remains,  in  a  massive,  black  walnut,  silver-mounted  cof- 
fin, were  taken  by  railroad  to  Portland,  thence  by  steamboat 
to  Rockland,  and  brought  to  Union,  agreeably  to  his  desire ; 
and,  before  the  religious  services  on  Sunday,  July  7,  were 
buried  by  the  side  of  his  family,  in  the  town  where  he  had 
lived  and  labored  during  the  greater  part  of  his  life.     Appro- 


492  FAMILY  REGISTER. 

priate  services  were  then  held  in  the  Universalist  Meeting- 
house, by  the  Rev.  Dr.  Adams,  of  Brunswick,  who  officiated 
in  accordance  with  his  request.  His  ch.  were  1 .  Peter  West, 
captain,  b.  Nov.  14,  1794  ;  r.  Searsmont ;  m.,  July  16,  1815, 
Mary  S.  Jones,  dr.  of  the  wife  of  Susman  Abrams  by  her  first 
husband.  He  d.  Nov.  9  [or  10,  gravestone],  1821,  and  was 
buried  under  arms  ;  having  had  (1).  Lovey  West,  b.  June 
16,  1816,  now  Mrs.  Thorndike,  r.  Searsmont;  (2).  Henry, 
b.  Oct.  29,  1818,  r.  Union,  u. ;  (3).  Peter  West,  b.  Dec.  26, 
1820  ;  m. ;  r.  Searsmont.  Peter's  widow  m.,  second.  Ward 
Maxcy,  who  d.  She  now  r.  Augusta.  2.  Olive,  b.  March  26, 
1797;  m.,  1816,  Waterman  Maxcy,  and  June  20,  1830,  Silas 
Kellar  ;  r.  South  Thomaston;  by  whom  she  had  [see  p.  469] 
(7).  Oscar,  b.  May  7,  1831;  (8).  Silas,  b.  Dec.  14,  1833; 
(9).  Olive,  b.  May  11,1837;  (10).  Mortimer,  b.  March 
18,  1840;  d.  Sept.  4,  1849.  3.  Willard,  b.  Dec.  14,  1799; 
m.,  at  Lincolnville,  April  5,  1821,  Deborah  W.  Moody,  b. 
Lincolnville,  Oct.  1,  1799,  dr.  of  Wm.  Moody  (b.  York, 
March  30, 1766,  d.  Feb.  27,  1840)  and  Patience  Thorndike, 
b.  Camden,  Dec.  15,  1768,  d.  April  22,  1846;  and  settled 
in  Searsmont,  where  six  of  the  children  were  born.  They 
now  live  on  his  homestead  in  Union.  Had  (1).  Pa- 
tience M.,1).  March  21,  1822,  m.  Franklin,  s.  of  Noah 
Rice;  (2).  Nancy  E.,  b.  Feb.  18,  1824;  m.,  1850,  John 
Little,  from  New  York  State;  (3).  Nathaniel  A.,  b.  July  4, 
1826;  d.  Oct.  15, 1828;  (4).  Deborah  M.,b.  July  19, 1828; 
(5).  William  Moody,  b.  Sept.  13,  1830;  (6).  Willard, 
b.  July  19,  1832;  (7).  Nathaniel  A.,  b.  Aug.  24,  1834; 
(8).  Adelbert  P.,  b.  Nov.  14,  1837 ;  (9).  Augusta  A., 
b.  Nov.  9,  1840;  (10).  Edwin  L.,  b.  Oct.  12,1843.  4. 
Mary  Chase,  b.  Aug.  30  [31,  town-rec],  1802;  m.  Moses 
Walcott;  and  d.  of  consumption,  Dec.  7,  1849.  5.  Natha- 
niel, b.  Jan.  20,  1805  ;  m.,  April  7,  1831,  Harriet  Gleason; 
and  had  (1).  Frances  August  a,  b.  Feb.  19,  1832  ;  (2). 
Ann  Elizabeth,  b.  Aug.  10,  1833;  (3).  Lovey  West, 
b.  Oct.  20,  1 834 ;  (4).  Edward  Kent,  b.  April  9,  1 839. 
6.  Lovey  West,  b.  Oct.  4,  1807;  m.  Hermon  Mero.  7. 
Charles,  b.  April  28, 1810  ;  d.  May  1, 1810.  8.  Sarah  Smith, 
b.  June  2,  1811  ;  m.,  Dec.  5,  1833,  James,  b.  July  29,  1808; 
d.  July  23,  1847,  s.  of  John  McDowell,  of  Washington,  from 
Scotland;  had(l).  Mary  Walcott,  b.  Dec.  2,  1834;  (2). 
Roscoe,  b.  March  21,  1837  ;  (3).  Sarah  Maria,  b.  Nov.  2, 
1838;  d.  Jan.  13,  1845;   (4).  James,  b.  Nov.  19,  1841; 


ROBBINS.  493 

(5).  Flotealia,  b.  Jan.  26,  1843;  (6).  Sarah  Theresa, 
b.  Feb.  18,  1845;  (7).  William  Augustus,  b.  Feb.  25, 
1848.  9.  Augustus  CoggsweU,  b.  June  3,  1816  ;  m.,  April  9, 
1838,  Maria  Theresa,  b.  Brunswick,  Nov.  15,  1814,  dr.  of 
Capt.  William  and  Priscilla  (Merritt)  Curtis ;  and  had,  b.  at 
Brunswick,  (1).  Harriett  Maria,  b.  April  13,  1841; 
(2).  Charles  Augustus,  b.  July  2,  1843.  —  V.  Lewisr, 
b.  Franklin,  Sept.  11,  1782;  m.,  Feb.  7,  1805,  Phebe,  b. 
Feb.  8,  1787,  dr.  of  Nathan  and  Sarah  (Wellington)  Bar- 
nard ;  had  1.  Josiali,  b.  Nov.  7,  1805  ;  r.  Stephensport,  Ky. ; 
a  farmer  ;  m.  Mahala,  b.  Nelson  County,  Ky.,  dr.  of  Thomas 
and  Mary  (Martin)  York;  and  had  (I).  Ro  xana,  d.  young; 
(2).  Lewis;  (3).  Charles  Warren;  (4).  Willard; 
(5).  Ann,  b.  March  13,  1840;  (6).  Nathan  Barnard; 
(7).  Thomas;  (8).  William  J  esse.  2.  Lwci/,  b.  Nov.  10, 
1807  ;  m.  Milton  Daniels  ;  and  d.  Oct.  29,  1833.  3.  Maria, 
b.  June  7,  1809  ;  m.,  first,  Jesse  Drake,  who  d.  July  19,  1842, 
and,  second,  Dec.  30,  1848,  Horace  Blood  ;  and  had  (1).  J  o- 
s i ah,  b.  Dec.  4,  1830;  (2).  Jesse,  b.  Feb.  22,  1843  ;  (3). 
Meriam  Hooper,  b.  Sept.  28,  1849.  4.  Roxana, 
b.  June  27,  1812,  m.  William  G.  Hawes.  5.  Nathan  Bar- 
nard, b.  July  22,  1815  ;  m.,  March  17,  1842,  Cynthia  Abi- 
gail Daniels;  and  had  (1).  LeviMorse,  b.  July  30,  1843; 
(2).  Edgar  Milton,  b.  July  30,  1845;  (3).  Nathan  D. 
b.  April  30,  1849.  6.  Lewis,  b.  May  12,  1817;  m.,  Dec.  4, 
1845,  Matilda,  b.  in  Hope,  Nov.  28,  1826,  dr.  of  Benjamin 
and  Lydia  (Fletcher)  McAllister;  and  had  (1).  Roscoe 
Benjamin,  b.  Jan.  30,1846;  (2).  Charles  Augustin, 
b.  Nov.  15,  1848.  7.  Phehe  Ann,  b.  June  25,  1821;  d. 
Aug.  22,  1826.  8.  Charles,  b.  March  20,  1823  ;  d.  June  10. 
1848,  seventy  miles  above  New  Orleans,  and  was  buried  in 
the  Methodist  Burying-ground  on  the  plantation  of  John 
Preston,  on  the  east  side  of  the  Mississippi  River,  and  five 
miles  below  Donaldsonville. 

Bobbins,  Philip,  b.  in  Walpole,  Mass.,  Aug.  20,  1730, 
old  style;  d.  March  9,  1816;  m.,  Nov.  1,  1750,  O.S., 
Jemima,  commonly  called  "  Aunt  Mima,"  b.  March  3,  1731, 
O.S.,  and  d.  Nov.  9,  1815;  dr.  of  Joseph  Smith,  of  Wal- 
pole. A  correspondent,  who  was  young  at  the  time  of  the 
death  of  Philip  Robbins  and  his  wife,  writes,  "  They  came 
often  to  our  house,  were  most  simple-hearted  and  honest 
people.  Old  Philip  used  to  wear  a  round- top  hat,  just  large 
enough  for  his  head,  with  a  broad  brim ;  also  breeches  witJi 
42* 


494  FAMILY  KEGISTER. 

knee-buckles  and  shoe-buckles.  They  sleep  side  by  side  in 
the  graveyard,  having  attained  great  age."  Many  a  middle- 
aged  person  retains  a  distinct  recollection  of  his  appearance, 
as  he  rode  his  black  horse  (on  each  side  of  which  were  pan- 
niers, lashed  over  the  horse's  back  with  straps)  from  house 
to  house,  collecting  calves  and  lambs,  which  he  killed,  and 
was  in  the  habit  of  carrying  to  market,  at  Thomaston,  till 
within  a  few  years  of  his  death.  He  left  six  children,  fifty- 
one  grandchildren,  eighty-five  great-grandchildren,  and  five 
great-great-grandchildren;  having  lost  three  children  and 
fifteen  grandchildren.       His  ch.  all  b.  in  Walpole,  Mass. 

—  I.  David,  b.  March  21,  1752.  —  II.  Elizabeth,  b.  July  8, 
1754;  m.  Richard  Cummings.  —  III.  Jemimah,  or  Mima, 
as  she  was  commonly  called,  b.  Jan.  10,  1757;  m.  Capt. 
Joel  Adams.  —  IV.  Jess,  b.  April  18  or  16,  1759. —  V. 
Ebenezer,  b.  April  30,  1761  ;  Juried  on  Cranberry  Island. 

—  VI.  Jacob,  b.  Nov.  14,  1762;  m.  Susan  Meservey  ;  r. 
Appleton,  and,  in  1848  or  1849,  found  dead  in  his  bed. — 
VII.  Joseph,  b.  Aug.  7,  1765;  d.  Jan.  7,  1769. -- VIII. 
Susanna,  b.  Sept.  22  [Walpole  rec],  Oct.  22  [herself], 
1768  ;  m.  Amariah  Mero.  —  IX.  Philip,  b.  Aug.  27, 1771. 

Rogers,  Jesse,  from  Stoughtonham ;  t.  1795  ;  w.  Salome 
Bosworth ;  built  a  house  near  Bowker  Brook ;  moved  to 
Penobscot ;  ch.  —  I.  Nancy,  b.  Nov.  27,  1787.  —  II.  Shep- 
herd, b.  April  24,  1789.  —III.  Abigail,  b.  June  23,  1791. — 
IV.  Salome,b.  May6,  1793;  d.  March  20,  1794. —  V.  Sal- 
ly, b.  July  11,  1796.  —VI.  Jesse,  b.  June  2,  1798.  —  VII. 
Wm.,b.  April  27, 1800.  — VIII.  Hannah,  b.  Aug.  18, 1802. 

Shepard,  or  Shepherd,  Daniel,  from  Acton,  Mass. ; 
d.  July  3,  1829.  "The  Shepherd  and  Law  families  were 
among  the  first,"  according  to  Shattuck's  Concord,  who, 
about  the  year  1656,  commenced  a  settlement  in  Acton. 
His  wife  was  Mary  Adams,  of  Acton.  They  came  to  Union 
in  June,  1795,  and  settled  about  one  and  a  half  or  two 
miles  north-west  of  Round  Pond.  Jane  Shepherd  died  Nov. 
27,  1807,  aged  ninety-one.  —  I.  Daniel,  b.  Nov.  2,-1775; 
m.,  April  23,  1802,  Alice,  sister  of  Asa  Messer,  and  had  1. 
Nancy,  b.  Oct.  16,  1803;  d.  Aug.  23,  1841.  2.  John 
Adams,  b.  Nov.  26,  1805.  3.  Eliza,  b.  May  28,  1807.  4. 
William,  b.  April  7,  1809.  5.  Daniel,  b.  March  28,  1811 ; 
d.  Aug.  10,  1811.  6.  Elsie,  b.  July  23,  1812.  7.  Daniel, 
b.  Sept.  15,  1815.  8.  Amanda,  b.  April  30,  1819.  — II. 
Artemas,  b.  July  1,  1777;  m.  Martha  Dole,  of  Waterville. 


SHEPHERD.  —  SIBLEY.  495 

—  III.  Thaddeus,  b.  May  13,  1779  ;  m.  Susan,  dr.  of  Caleb 
Howard,  of  Waldoborough,  and  had  1.  Mace,  b.  Oct.  16, 
1809;  m.  Jane  Chapman,  of  Nobleborough ;  c.  2.  James 
Sanford,  b.  June  5,  1811  ;  m.  Nancy  Stone,  dr.  of  Jonas  C. 
Davis,  of  Appleton;  had  (1).  James  Irving,  b.  Jan. 
9,  1836  or  1835;  (2).  Susan  Caroline,  b.  April  19, 
1837  or  1836;  (3).  George  Appleton;  (4).  Mary 
Catharine.  3.  Thaddeus  <S.,  b.  April  15,  1813;  m. 
Sally  Sayward;  c.  4.  Sarah  Catherine,  b.  Sept.  17,  1817; 
m.  March  7,  1839,  George  Fossett,  and  has  (1).  James; 
(2).  George  Emerson.  5.  Josiah  Howard,h,Se'pt.l6, 
1819;  u.  6.  Noah  Emerson,h.  March  13, 1822.  —  IV.  Sarah, 
m.  Michael  Jones ;  r.  Jefferson.  —  V.  Lucy,  m.  Samuel 
Hagar,  1804,  and  had  1.  Sarah,  b.  April  11,  1805.  2. 
Samuel,h.  Sept.  13,  1807;  d.  July  2,  1842.  3.  Reuben, 
b.  March  27,  1810.  4.  Lucy,  b.  Dec.  1,  1812.  5.  John, 
b.  July  26,  1816.  6.  Thomas,  b.  Aug.  26,  1820.  7.  Eze- 
kiel,  b.  Nov.  26,  1825;  d.  Aug.  2,  1826.  8.  Esther  Ann, 
b.  June  16,  1827.  —  VI.  Nathan;  u.  —  VII.  Mercy,  m., 
Nov.  3,  1814,  Daniel  Jones,  of  Washington.  —  VIII.  Nancy, 
m.  John  Ames,  of  Jefferson. 

Sibley,^  Jonathan,  b.  at  Hopkinton,  N.H.,   Jan.  4, 

^  The  word  Sibley  may  be  compounded  of  the  words  sib  and  lea. 
The  former  means  relationship  or  alliance ;  or,  in  earlier  times,  peace  ; 
and  the  latter,  a  field.  Hence  the  words  combined  may  mean  kim- 
men's  land.  Perhaps  several  kinsmen  lived  together  in  the  same 
place,  or  on  the  same  lea.  If  the  earlier  meaning  of  the  word  sib  be 
adopted,  the  meaning  may  be  peace-lea,  or  land  of  peace ;  perhaps  be- 
cause of  the  harmony  of  the  people,  or  because  the  place  was  exempt 
from  war.  This  explanation  of  the  origin  of  the  word,  however,  is 
merely  conjectural. 

The  description  of  the  Sybly  arms,  in  Burke's  General  Armory,  is 
**  Per  pale  azure  and  gules  a  griffin  passant  between  three  crescents 
argent."  In  heraldry,  the  griffin,  which  is  an  imaginary  animal,  half 
eagle  and  half  lion,  denotes  strength  and  swiftness.  The  close  agree- 
ment of  the  armorial  bearings  of  the  families  of  Sileby  and  of  Sybly 
seems  to  show  that  one  of  the  names  is  a  variation  of  the  other,  — 
the  latter  probably  being  a  corruption  of  the  former.  But  it  is  cer- 
tain that  Sibley  is  of  considerable  antiquity,  as  it  is  found  in  the  Rotuli 
Hundredorum  of  the  reign  of  Edward  I.  (1272—1307),  in  the  counties 
of  Huntington,  Kent,  Oxford,  and  Suffolk,  where  it  is  spelt  Sybeli, 
Sibeli,  Sibely,  Sibili,  Sibilie,  Sibli ;  and  where  the  name  Sileby  does  not 
seem  to  occur.  The  Public  Records  published  by  the  Record  Commis- 
sion spell  it  Sibilie,  in  the  reign  of  Richard  II.  (1377—1399);  and 
Sibyle  in  that  of  Henry  V.  (1413—1422) ;  and  in  that  of  Elizabeth 
(1558 — 1603),  it  is  Sybley,  Sibley,  and  Sibly ;  and  once  (with  an  alias) 
Sybery.     A  very  similar  name  of  about  the  same  antiquity  is  filiics 


496  FAMILY  REGISTER. 

1773;  came,  to  Union,  Sept.  17,  1799;  m.,  Nov.  1,  1803, 
Persis,  b.  at  Sherburne,  Mass.,  April  20,  1772;  d.  of  para- 

Sibillce,  or  FUz-Sihyl,  which  may  have  been  the  original  of  the  name 
in  some  cases ;  in  other  cases,  it  may  have  been  derived  from  the 
parish  of  Hinghdm  Sibyl,  or  Sihle,  or  Sibley s,  in  Essex. 

From  Felt's  Annals  of  Salem,  i.  172,  it  seems  that  the  first  of  the 
Sibleys  in  this  country  came  to  Salem  in  the  fleet  of  1629.  It  is  said 
that  they  were  from  the  north  part  of  England  or  south  part  of  Scot- 
land, or  that  they  came  fnnn  Northamptonshire.  In  Willis's  Cathe- 
drals, ii.  172,  it  is  stated  that  "John  Sibeley  collated  1459,"  succeeded 
Roger  Mersham  as  prebendary  of  Lincoln.  In  Kymer's  Foedera,  xix. 
348.  is  recorded  "  Pro  Johanne  Sibley.  Hex,  vicesimo  sexto  die  Mail 
[1631  or  1632]  concessit  Johanni  Sibley  et  aliis  Officium  Clerici  et 
Clericorum  omnium  et  singulorum  brevium  et  processuum  in  Curia 
Camere  Stellate,  durante  vita.  P[rivato]  S[igillo] ; "  meaning  Clerk 
of  the  Court  of  the  Starre  Chamber  for  life.  In  Dugdaie's  Warwick- 
shire, Knightlow  Hundred,  Marton,  i.  327,  under  the  patnmage  of 
•'  Rob.  Fvsher  miles  &  Bar.,"  is  found  "Thom.  Sybley  Cler.  in  Art. 
Magr.  xvii.  Oct.  1623  [v.  [>.  m.  Ric.  Scale  ult.  Incumb.j"  In  the 
same  volume,  Birdingbury,  j).  325,  is  "  [Tho.  Sibley  Cler.  ii  Julii 
1633]."  In  Besse's  Sufferings  of  the  Quakers,  i.  638-644,  Thomas 
Sibley,  a  blacksmith,  is  '*  sent  to  gaol "  and  fined  —  though  he  was 
afterward  released  and  the  fine  remitted —  "for  being  at  an  unlawful 
Meeting  or  Conventicle,  in  the  parish  of  Crewkherne,"  in  Somerset- 
shire, on  the  fourth  of  June,  1681.  In  the  same  volume,  page  345, 
William  Sibley  is  named  as  a  prisoner  in  1685,  in  Leicester,  —  the 
town  where  Higginson  was  settled  before  he  came  to  Massachusetts 
in  1629.  Pt  ssibly  some  of  these  Sibleys  were  related  to  the  early 
settlers  in  New  England.  A  comparison  of  the  situation  of  the  places 
mentioned,  and  of  places  from  which  came  some  individuals  in  the 
fleet  of  1629,  may  be  of  value  in  making  further  investigations  in 
the  mother-country. 

"John  Sybley  with  Sarah  his  wife  "  was  admitted  to  the  church  in 
Charlestown,  Mass.,  on  the  21st  day  of  the  12th  month,  1634-5,  old 
style.  He  took  the  freeman's  oath.  May  6,  1635.  It  is  not  certain  that 
there  is  any  other  information  respecting  him  or  his  family,  except  — 

♦'  A  true  Inventory  of  the  Lands  :  Goods:  Catteil.  and  Chattells  of  John  Sybley 
Inhaliiiant  t.f  (  haiiesiowne  hitely  daseased  the  :WUiof  9lh  mo:  Jt)49 
Iiiipriiiiis  A  House  and  Harne  and  (j  Akers  of  Arralde  Laud  liroken  up 

and  uisadow  ground  and  cows  coniuiiins,  vahied  at      .        .        .        .    50    00    00 

more   4  cowsi  a  cavc!!!,  A  mure  w  "'  foale.  3  swine  at 36    00    00 

more  Puter  and  Hrasse  and  Iron  Keltell  and  fr>  ing  pan  with  iron  pot 

hangers  |K)l  hooks  gridiron  and  othfr  iron 05    JO    00 

more    Amus  As  A  corsUt  ht!ad(ieece  sword  anil  pike        .        .        .        .02-00    00 
His  IJIoatlis  As  A  cloath  coat,  and  cloath  stiight  made  and  acarsesuight 
unmade  a  Huther  suiglit  [Inilcher  suit]  and  hats  and  otiier  cloathing 

yt^  htud-i  and  shirts  at 08    00    00 

more   Hrddingaud  Lynuen  at 16    00    00 

more    nark(!,  Indian,  Pease  au<l  Rye  at 08    00    00 

A  cart  and  furniture  And  tooli's  tiihs  and  other  Lumber  .        .        .        .    05    01)    00 

A  Jablj,  chcsi,  chaire,  And  Bot.kesat 02     10    00 

^^ulullla 133    00    00 

Tbis  was  vulewed  the  27th  of  the  i**  monetb  i6    .    . 

John  Grkrnb 


SIBLEY.  497 

lysis,  Feb.  5,  1847;  dr;  of  Obadiah  Morse;  had  —  I.  John 
Langdon,  b.  Dec.  29,  1804;  fitted  for  college  at  Phillips's 

The  inventory  is  preserved,  on  a  small  piece  of  loose  paper,  in  the 
Probate  Office  at  East  Cambridge.  In  the  record  of  its  acceptance, 
"  at  a  County  Court  held  at  Cambridge  the  2th  of  the  2th  mo.  1650," 
the  name  is  spelt  "  Siblie." 

John  Sibly,  who  took  the  freeman's  oath,  Sept.  3,  1634,  is  the 
sixteenth  on  the  list  of  members  of  the  First  Church  in  Salem.  In 
1638  he  was  selectman  of  Salem.  The  same  year,  20th  10th 
month,  he  had  half  an  acre  of  land  granted  to  him  at  Winter 
Island  Harbor,  "  for  the  fishing  trade  and  to  build  upon."  He  also 
had  a  grant  of  fifty  acres  at  Manchester,  20  :  12  :  1636,  O.S.  Han- 
son, in  the  History  of  Danvers,  page  31,  says  he  had  land  near 
Salem  village,  now  Danvers,  in  1638,  and  settled.  Probably  these 
Salem  references  are  to  but  one  John  Sibley,  —  the  same  man  who 
settled  at  Manchester  in  1636,  was  selectman  there,  an  extensive 
land-owner,  and  died  there  in  1661.  In  the  inventory,  mention 
is  made  of  nine  children,  four  boys  and  five  girls.  His  widow, 
Rachel,  brought  the  inventory  into  court,  and  '•  y*  Court  doe  order 
that  y*  estate  be  left  in  y*  widoe's  hands  to  bring  up  y«  children 
till  y*  Court  take  further  order."  They  had  Sarah,  baptized  at  Salem 
Church,  18:  7:  1642.  Mary,  bapt.  8:7:  1644;  m.,  26:  11:  1664, 
Jonathan  Walcott;  had  John,  b.  Dec.  7,  1766;  Hanna,  b.  6:  10: 
1667;  Jo?iathan,  h.  1 :  7:  1670;  and  many  others.  Rachael,  bapt.  3  : 
3  :  1646  ;  m.  a  Bishop.  John,  Capt.  bapt.  14  :  3  :  1648  ;  admitted  to 
the  church  in  Beverly,  April  5,  1696  ;  m,  Rachel  (admitted  to  Bever- 
ly Church,  5:5:  1685),  dr.  of  Ama.  Pickworth.  Capt.  John  was 
selectman  of  Manchester  many  years,  representative  to  the  General 
Court,  leading  man  in  town-affairs,  and  d.  as  early  as  the  spring  of 
1710.  Hannah,  bapt.  22  :  4  :  1651 ;  m.,  25  :  12  :  1676,  Steeven  Small ; 
had  Mary,  b.  March  21,  1677;  Elizabeth,  b.  March  4,  1678-9;  John, 
b.  7:  7:  1680;  Hannah,  b.  18:  12:  1681.  WilUam,  bapt.  8:7: 
1653 ;  yeoman  and  butcher ;  d.  of  consumption  at  Salem  Village, 
April  28, 1691 ;  m.  1  :  9  :  1676,  Ruth,  dr.  of  William  Canterbury,  and 
widow  of  William  Small;  and  had  1.  Ruth,  b.  August,  1677;  m., 
Aug.  6,  1706,  Thomas  Needham.  2.  John.  3.  JbsepA,  probably  the 
Joseph  of  Lynn  in  1717  ;  d.  1718  (?).  4.  Nathaniel,  husbandman,  b. 
about  1686;  d.  about  1733.  5.  Rachel,  b.  about  1688;  m.,  Nov.  16, 
1710,  Joseph  Flint.  Samuel,  b.  12 :  2 :  1657 ;  m.  Mary,  of  witch- 
memory,  whose  confession  is  in  the  Collections  of  the  Massachusetts 
Historical  Society,  vol.  iii.  of  the  third  series.  Abigail,  bapt.  3:6: 
1659.  There  was  Joseph,  probably  between  William  and  Samuel.  In 
1693,  he  and  others,  according  to  Felt's  Annals  of  Salem,  ii.  214,  on 
their  homeward  passage  from  a  fishing-voyage  to  Cape  Sable,  were 
impressed  on  board  a  British  frigate.  After  seven  weeks'  service  in 
the  vessel,  the  captain  forced  him  to  go  on  board  another  ship.  He 
m.,  Feb.  4,  1683,  Susanna  Follet;  and  had  1.  Joseph,  b.  Nov.  9, 
1684,  whose  w.  was  Mary.  2.  John,  b.  Sept.  18,  1687 ;  m.,  May  22, 
1718,  Zeruia  Gould.  3.  Jonathan,  b.  May  1, 1690.  4.  Hannah,  bapt. 
May,  1695.  5.  Samuel,  bapt.  1697 ;  m.  Martha  Dike,  said  to  be  of 
Ipswich.     6.  William,  bapt.  April  7,  1700 ;  d.  about  the  age  of  fifty, 


498  FAMILY   REGISTER. 

Exeter  Academy;  graduated  at  Harvard  University  in 
1825  ;  Assistant  Librarian  at  Harvard  University  in  1825-6  ; 

having  a  cancer  on  his  tongue ;  m.  Sarah  Dike.  7.  Benjamin,  bapt. 
Sept.  19,  1703  ;  had  a  w.,  Priseilla.  Of  these  sons,  the  first  two  and 
last  three  settled  in  Sutton,  Mass.,  and  vicinity,  in  the  first  part  of  the 
eighteenth  century.  Benjamin,  after  living  in  Sutton  a  few  years, 
went  to  Union,  Conn.,  and  d.  at  Ashford.  From  them  have  descended 
the  Sihleys  in  New  York,  and  in  the  South  and  West.  The  late  Dr. 
John  Sibley,  of  Natchitoches,  I^a.,  s.  of  Timothy,  was  b.  at  Sutton. 
There  are,  however,  some  of  the  name  in  Florida,  who  are  not  of  this 
stock.  There  w^as  another,  of  whom  nothing  is  known,  except  that, 
among  Washington's  Papers,  now  in  the  Capitol  at  the  city  of  Wash- 
ington, is  "A  return  of  Captain  Joshua  Lewis  Compa.  August  17th, 
1756,  on  the  South  Branch.  .  .  .  Kank  and  File —  8  on  Command,  at 
Sibley's  Mill." 

Richard  Sibley,  "  traie-maker,"  from  whom  the  families  in  Union 
are  descended,  d.  1676.  His  widow  was  living  in  1700.  In  the  inven- 
tory of  his  effects,  30  :  4  :  1676,  mention  is  made  of  drawing-knives  and 
shaves.  What  relation  he  sustained  to  John,  of  Salem,  is  not  known  ; 
perhaps  both  were  sons  of  John,  of  Charlestown.  He  and  his  w., 
Hannah,  were  in  Salem  in  1656,  as  appears  from  charges  against  them 
in  an  old  account-book  of  Curwen.  They  had  —  I.  Samuel,  b. 
10  :  1 :  1658.  —  IL  Hannah,  b.  20  :  7  :  1661.  —  III.  Sarah,  b.  20  :  10  : 
1663.  — IV.  Damaris,  b.  26 :  6  :  1666.  —  V.  John,  b.  first  week  in 
April,  1669  ;  supposed  to  be  the  John  who  m.,  July  4,  1695,  Elizabeth 
Peale;  and  had  1.  Elizabeth,  b.  Oct.  3,  1696;  d.  twenty  months  old. 
2.  Elizabeth,  h.  April  13,  1699.  3  and  4.  Mary  and  Hannah,  twins, 
b.  March  14,  1701;  both  d.  within  a  week.  5.  Manj,  b.  April  25, 
1702.  6.  John,  b.  Dec.  1,  1704. —  VI.  Mary,  b.  Jan.  25,  1671.— 
VII.  Elizabeth,  is  mentioned  in  the  inventory. 

Samuel,  b.  10 :  1 :  1658,  named  in  Rd.  Sibley's  will,  being  the  oldest 
son,  had  a  double  share  of  the  property.  He  m.,  in  Salem,  Sept.  13, 
1695,  Sarah  Wells,  from  whom  the  settlers  in  Union  are  descended. 
There  is  a  tradition  that  he  was  killed  at  Haverhill,  Mass.,  while 
throwing  water  upon  the  meeting-house  which  had  been  set  on  fire 
by  the  Indians,  Aug.  29, 1708.  He  belonged  to  Salem,  and  was  proba- 
bly under  Major  Turner,  upon  the  arrival  of  whose  men,  according  to 
Mirick's  History  of  Haverhill,  the  whole  body  of  the  enemy  com- 
menced a  rapid  retreat.  Many  persons  from  Salem  were  then  killed. 
He  had  no  children  after  that  time.  The  inventory  of  his  estate  is 
dated  Dec.  8,  1710.  July  7,  1712,  letters  of  administration  were 
**  granted  unto  John  Sawyer  and  Sarah  Sawyer,  alias  Sibley,  former 
widow."  The  children  named  are  Jonathan,  Samuel,  Hannah,  and 
Sarah.  The  widow,  before  this  time,  had  m.  John  Sawyer,  of  New- 
bury, blacksmith,  to  whom  she  was  published,  Nov.  25,  1710,  perhaps 
the  John  Sawyer  who  d.  in  Newbury,  March  27,  1756.  She  spent  her 
last  days  with  her  son  Jonathan  Sibley,  at  Stratham,  N.H.  The  child- 
ren as  recorded  are —  I.  Hannah,  b.  May  17,  1696  ;  d.  Nov.  8,  1729 ;  m., 
Oct.  4,  1712,  liatt  Moulton,  of  Newbury,  and  afterward  of  Salisbury 
and  Amesbury ;  and  had  Jonathan,  b.  Nov.  19,  1720,  and  Jonathan,  b. 
May  17,  1722,  and  perhaps  others.     Moulton's  next  wife  was  Jemima. 


SIBLEY.  499 

studied  Divinity  at  the  Cambridge  Divinity  School ;  ordained 
a   Congregationalist  at   Stow,  Mass.,  May  14,   1829;    left 

—  II.  Richard,  b.  January,  lfi98;  d.  young.  —  III.  Sarah,  b.  March 
27,  1399;  in.,  Dec.  19,  1719,  Edward  Emery,  carpenter;  both  at  that 
time  of  Newbury.  —  IV.  Jonathan,  b.  Nov.  2o,  1701,  ancestor  of  the  X^ 
Union  Sibleys  (of  -whom  more  will  be  said  after  the  notices  of  the 
descendants  of  the  Samuel  b.  May  5,  I70o).  —  V.  Samuel,  b.  July, 
1704,  d.  young  —  VI.  Samuel,  b.  May  5,  170-5,  of  Salem  in  1723,  aiid 
of  Newbury  in  1726;  published,  March  2,  1727-8,  then  of  Newbury, 
to  Meribah  Bartlett,  then  of  Exeter,  N.  H. ;  r.  Salem;  d.  1749; 
butcher  and  cordwainer.  His  will,  dated  May  9,  and  proved  July  14, 
1749,  makes  his  brother  in-law,  John  R)pe'<,  his  executor.  The 
Sibleys,  in  the  several  branches,  have  generally  been  remarkable  for 
their  integrity.  It  is  not  known  that  any  one  of  the  name,  in  this 
country,  however  much  he  may  have  deserved  it,  was  ever  hung,  or 
punished  by  the  civil  authority  for  any  offence.  The  butcher  carried  ' 
about  his  meat  in  panniers  on  horseback.  There  is  a  saying  to  this 
day  in  Salem  respecting  him,  "  Like  Sibley's  beef,  never  so  fat,  never 
so  lean,  see  for  yourself,"  which  he  was  accustomed  to  utter  in  com- 
mendation of  his  provisions,  and  which  is  considered  as  indicative  of 
his  honesty.  There  is  also  another  saying,  which  shows  that  at 
times  he  was  not  without  wit :  "  Like  Sibley's  beef,  all  fat  but  the 
bones,  and  they  are  full  of  marrow."  It  is  not  improbable  that 
some  force  was  given  to  his  expressions  by  the  manner  of  his  uttering 
them. 

The  Samuel  b.  May  5,  170o,  had  —  I.  Samuel.  —  II.  John.  —  IIL 
Nathaniel.  The  last  three,  though  living  in  the  spring  of  1749,  pro- 
bably d.  young.  —  IV.  William,  moved  from  Salem  to  Exeter,  N.  II., 
some  years  betore  the  Revolution  ;  m.,  first,  July  8,  1762,  Sarah,  dr. 
of  Elijah  Shaw,  of  Kensingtt)n,  N.  H. ;  moved  to  (iilmanton.  N.H., 
where  he  d.  1790,  and  his  wife  of  consumption  in  1786.  He  m., 
second,  widow  Lvdia  Hopkinson,  dr.  of  Richard  Smith,  of  Es.eter; 
ch.  1.  Samuel,  b.  Nov.  7,  1762 ;  d.  Nov.  1,  1788.  2.  Abigail,  b.  July  22, 
1766;  m.,  John  Swain;  had  a  dr.  3.  William,  b.  July  13,  1768;  d. 
June  22,  1828  ;  m.  Nancy  Thinjr,  of  Brentwood,  N.  II. ;  and  had  one 
child,  Sally,  who  m.  John  Elkins.  4.  Sarah,  b.  Doc.  8,  1770;  d. 
young.  5.  Eunice,  b.  Feb.  12,  1773;  d.  young.  6.  John,  b.  Feb.  8, 
1775  ;  d.  May  28,  1795 ;  u.  7.  Caleb,  b.  Feb.  14,  1777,  moved  to  New 
York  about  1804;  left  many  ch.;  d.  Sept.  13,  1828,  not  far  from 
Hudson  River.  8.  Nathaniel,  b.  Sept.  14,  1778;  d.  July  23,  1794.  9. 
Hannah,  b.  July  16,  1780;  d.  Sept.  7,  1332;  u.  10.  Polly,  b.  May 
18,  1782  ;  d.  Dec.  21, 1841 ;  m.  John  Crosby.  11.  Joseph,  grocer,  b.  Dec. 
13,  1783;  r.  Salem,  Mass.;  m.,  first.  Got.  14,  1810,  widow  Dorcas 
Yalpey,  b.  March  26,  178  J,  dr.  of  Jonathan  and  Mehitabel  Abbot,  of 
Andover.  She  d.  April  18,  1811  ;  and  he  m.,  second.  Nov.  14,  18  U, 
widow  S irah  Patti-rson  Ward,  dr.  of  John  and  Hannah  (Webb)  Pit- 
tersoa,  of  Salem,  and  had  { I).  Joseph  Abbot,  a  tailor;  b.  June 
21,  1812;  d.  March  4  1833;  (2).  George  Valpey.  b.  Julv  17, 
1813;  r.  Sdem;  m.  Phebe  Phillips,  b.  Mirch  22,  1313,  dr.  of 
Stephen  Abbot,  of  And  )ver  (and  had  Martha  G.,  b.  April  21,  1837  ; 
George,  b.  Nov.  6,    1X39;    Phebe  Ellen,    b.   A^jril  2,    1843);    (3> 


500  FAMILY  REGISTER. 

Stow,  March  31,  1833,  precisely  four  years  from  his  accept- 
ance of  the  invitation  to  settle  there.     During  part  of  the 

John  Shaw,  b.  June  15,  1815;  r.  Salem,  Mass.;  m.,  June  24, 
1838,  Tamma  Hanson  (and  had  Sarah  Ann,  b.  May  31,  1840;  Jo- 
seph Abbot,  b.  Oct.  11,  1841;  Emma  IBosson,  b.  Jan.  1,  1845; 
John  Henry,  b.  April  26,  1848;  d.  Sept.  10,  1848);  (4).  Moses 
Howe,  b.  Sept.  15,  1816;  m.,  Feb.  1842,  Lucy  Ann  Knights 
(and  had  Caroline,  b.  Nov.  21,  1842  ;  Moses  Henry,  b.  Aug.  22, 
1846;  Mary  Harrington,  b.  April  6,  1849);  (5.)  William  Henry, 
b.  Oct.  29,  1818  ;  m.  Mary  Clark,  of  Rowley  (and  had  Charles 
Augustus,  b.  May  24,  1846);  (6).  Sarah  Ann,  b.  May  24, 
1820;    d.  Sept.   12,  1826;    (7).    Charles    Augustus,    b.   Dec. 

19,  1823  ;  d.  Sept.  21,  1824.  —  12.  Littlefield,  probably  of  the  second 
marriage,  b.  September,  1787;  name  changed  to  George  Little- 
field,  in  1816  ;  r.  Meredith  Bridge,  N.H. ;  through  the  Rev.  Isaac  D. 
Stewart,  furnished  much  of  the  information  respecting  his  father's 
family.  He  m.  Harriet,  b.  May  27, 1790 ;  dr.  of  Daniel  Kimball,  of  Exe- 
ter; and  has  (1).  Harrison,  b.  Feb.  27,  1814;  m.  Hannah  Leavitt 
(andhasFlora,b.  Nov.  27,  1839);  (2).  Harriet  Kimball,  b.  Aug. 
17,  1816;  m.,  Jan.  14,  1837,  Dr.  Charles  C.  Tibbets  (and  has  George 
Harrison,  b.  Aug.  19,  1844) ;  (3).  E 1  i  z  a  J  a  n  e,  b.  Oct.  6,  1824. 
13.  Nancy,  d.,  three  months  old.  (Of  these  thirteen  children,  of  — 
IV.  William,  all  but  three  d.  of  consumption,  or  of  feebleness  in  in- 
fancy.) —  V.  Littlefield,  bapt.  May  6,  1739  ;  master  of  a  privateer, 
lost  in  the  revolutionary  war ;  m.,  Aug.  19,  1765  (possibly  for  a 
second  w.),  Sarah  Lambert,  a  worthy  woman,  who  d.  in  Salem  about 
1828  ;  had  sons  and  drs.,  among  them  Hannah,  Sally,  Samuel,  and 
Nathaniel.— Nl.  Sarah.  — VII.  Hannah,  b.  April  12,  1740;  d.  March 

20,  1801 ;  m.,  Oct.  3,  1764,  Joshua,  b.  Jan.  27,  1742,  s.  of  Nathaniel 
and  Seeth  (Hardy)  Phippen ;  r.  Salem,  Mass.  He  d.  April,  1811. 
They  had  1.  Nathaniel,  b.  Jan.  28,  1765  ;  d.  March  9, 1809 ;  m.,  Sept.  4. 
1786,  Anna  Picket,  of  Beverly,  who  d.  Dec.  22,  1834.  2  and  3.  Twins, 
b.  July  30,  1767  ;  viz.  Joshua,  d.  Oct.  8,  1767,  and  Samuel,  d.  Jan.  1, 
1768.  4.  Hannah,  b.  Dec.  26,  1768  ;  d.  June  15,  1837  ;  m.,  March  25, 
1798,  George  Hodges,  who  d.  1827.  5.  Mary,  b.  Oct.  12, 1770 ;  d.  1811 ; 
m.,  1790,  Benjamin  Babbidge.  6.  Sarah,  b.  Dec.  8,  1772  ;  d.  July  25, 
1801 ;  m.,  July  26,  1791,  George  Dean.  7.  Joshua,  b.  July  2,  1774  ; 
d.  April  28,  1805  ;  m.,  March  18,  1799,  Nancy,  dr.  of  Ebenezer  Trask, 
of  Beverly.  8  and  9.  Twins,  b.  Dec.  22,  1775  ;  viz.  Eunice,  d.  Oct.  30, 
1776,  and  Margaret,  lived  a  few  days.  10.  Hardy,  b.  July  6,  1778 ; 
m.,  March  18,  1804,  Ursula  Knapp,  dr.  of  Jonathan  and  Ursula  Sy- 
monds  ;  and  had  (1).  J o  sep  h  H  ar  d y,  b.  June  10,  1807,  m.,  March 
26,  1840,  Susan  Harris  Lord.  (2).  Ursula  Symonds,  b.  Sept.  21, 
1809,  m.,  March  10,  1840,  Isaac  Needham  Chapman  (and  has  Francis 
Needham,  b.  Oct.  21,  1844  ;  Hardy  Phippen,  b.  Aug.  20,  1846 ;  and 
twins,  a  boy  and  girl,  b.  Feb.  3,  1850).  (3).  Joshua,  b.  Dec.  17, 
1812,  m.,  April  22,  1841,  Betsey  Barr  Holman  (and  has  Mary  Eliza- 
beth, b.  May  20,  1842).  (4).  George  Dean,  b.  April  13,  1815, 
m.,  April  13,  1840,  Margaret,  b.  July  23,  1815,  dr.  of  John  and  Mary 
(Webb)  Barton  (and  had  George  Barton,  b.  Feb.  12,  1841 ;  Samuel 
Webb,  b.  Oct.  13,  1846,  d.  June  22,  1847;  Arthur  Henry,  b.  Sept.  7, 
1848).     11.  Eunice,  b.  March  22,  1780 ;  d.  Dec.  18,  1799.     12.  Joseph^ 


SIBLEY;  *^*  '*  INfe 

year  1837,  he  was  editor,  and  became  proprietor,  of  the 
American  Magazine  of  Useful  and  Entertaining  Knowledge, 

b.  March  14,  1783 ;  lost  at  sea,  Aug.  31,  1818-;  m.,  March  1,  1807, 
Lois  Fairfield. —VIII.  Susanna,  bapt.  March  13,  1743.  — IX.  and  X. 
Twins,  bapt.  Oct.  7,  1744;  viz.  Eunice,  m.  a  Dean  of  Exeter,  N.H. ; 
and  Priscilla,  d.  as  early  as  1749.  — XI.  Mary,  bapt.  Sept.  6,  1747; 
m.  Elisha  Odlin,  of  Exeter,  or  Gilmanton,  N.H.  One  of  the  drs.  of 
Samuel  and  Meribah  m.  a  Taylor,  of  Gilmanton ;  and  another,  Capt. 
Somerby  Gilman,  of  Gilmanton. 

To  resume  the  notice  of  Jonathan,  b.  Nov.  25,  1701,  fourth  child 
of  Samuel  and  Sarah  (Wells)  Sibley.  It  is  not  improbable  that  his 
mother,  after  she  m.  John  Sawyer,  took  him  and  other  ch.  with  her 
to  Newbury.  He  was  a  resident  in  Amesbury  in  1723  ;  in  Newbury 
in  1726 ;  and  when,  Nov.  27,  1730,  he  m.  Hannah,  b.  Feb.  1,  1712-13, 
dr.  of  Samuel  and  Hannah  (Frazer)  Goodridge,  of  Newbury.  [Joshua 
Coffin,  Esq.  says,  Hannah  Frazer,  b.  Aug  31,  1692,  who  m.,  June  30, 
,1710,  Samuel  Goodridge,  was  third  child  of  Colin  Frazer,  who  m. 
^'Anna  Stuart,  Nov,  10,  1685.  Samuel  Goodridge,  b.  Aug.  15,  1681, 
'Vas  s.  of  Benjamin,  who  m.,  second,  Nov.  16,  1678,  Sarah  Croad; 
and  Benjamin  was  s.  of  William  Goodridge.]  Jonathan  afterward 
settled  in  Stratham,  N.  H. ;  was  farmer,  and  maker  of  chairs  and 
wooden  heels.  The  hill  where  he  lived  is  j-^et  called  Sibley  Hill,  and 
the  inhabitants  to  this  day  gather  pond-lilies  from  roots  which  he 
planted  in  a  running  brook  in  the  vicinity.  Many  amusing  and  some 
ridiculous  stories  are  told  about  him.  It  is  even  asserted  that  he 
whipped  his  beer-barrel  because  it  xoorhed  on  Sunday;  and  his  cat, 
because  she  caught  a  mouse  when  he  was  at  prayers.  Becoming  em- 
barrassed, and  indebted  to  a  physician  and  Baptist  preacher,  named 
Shepherd,  he  exchanged  with  him  his  farm  for  one  in  Poplin,  where 
he  d.,  Dec.  18,  1779,  about  one  year  afterward,  in  the  seventy-eighth 
year  of  his  age.  He  is  said  to  have  been  quite  petulant,  and  his  w. 
to  have  been  a  very  worthy,  pious  woman.  There  is  a  tradition,  that, 
a  short  time  before  his  w.  died,  the  question  was  put  to  her  whether 
she  thought  her  husband  was  a  Christian.  She  replied,  '<If  he  mar- 
'^es  after  I  am  gone,  and  his  w.  pays  all  my  debts,  he  will  probably 
die  a  Christian."  Not  long  before  his  decease,  he  m.  an  execrable 
woman,  b.  Nov.  15,  1719,  named  Patience  Thurrell,  probably  from 
Newbury.     Her  extravagant  professions  of  Christian  conversion  and 

*  reformation  prevailed  more  with  him,  as  he  had  become  somewhat 

*  childish,  than  the  advice  and  opposition  of  all  his  friends  and  neigh- 
/bors.     She  d.  Nov.  16,  1820,  nearly  one  hundred  and  one  years  old, 

,  at  Poplin,  -where  she  had  been  a  pauper  twenty-seven  years.  If  tra- 
\  dition  is  true,  before  her  husband  d.  she  paid  all  the  first  wife's  debts, 
« with  compound  interest. 

Jonathan    Sibley's   descendants,  all  by  his  first  wife.  —  I.  Abi- 
gail, b.  Oct;  6,  1731;  m.  a  widower,  Rogers,  and  d.,  c,  at  Mere- 
;  dith,  N.  H.,  where  she  lived  the  last  ten  years  of  her  life  with  Mrs. 
ifllobinson,   the  dr.  of  her  brother  Samuel.  —  II.    Hannah,  b.  April 
(%  1734;  taken  sick,  March  5;   d.  March  7,  1736;  probably  of  the 
throat-distemper.  —  III.  Jonathan,  b.  March  8,  1736  ;  lived  six  years 
'  seven  months  and  three  days,  and  d,  Oct.  11.  —  IV.  Hannah,  b.  Feb. 
43 


502  FAMILY   BEGISTER. 

commenced  by  the  Bewick   Company  in   Boston.     He  has 
been  assistant-librarian  and  editor  of  the  Triennial  Cata- 

4,  1738  ;  lived  four  years  seven  months  and  twenty-three  days,  and  d. 
Sept.  27.  —  Daniel,  b.  March  16,  1740;  lived  two  years  six  months 
and  twenty  (?)  days,  and  d:  Oct.  15.     The  last  three  died  within  a 
few  days  of  each  other,  and  probably  of  the  "  throat- distemper."  — 
VI.  Anna,  or  Nancy,  b.  May  3,  1742;  d.  Sept.  14,  1792;  buried  by 
the  side  of  her  first  husband ;  m.,  first,  "William  Stevens,  who  d.  of 
consumption,  February,  1775,  in  Hopkinton,  N.  H.,  and  was  buried 
on  his  farm,  on  Sugar  Hill.     He  had  one  child,  Abigail,  b.  March  26, 
1773,  who  m.  James  Seaton,  of  Bradford,  N.  H.     They  went  into  the 
northern  part  of  New  York,  whence  they  returned  about  1808  to 
Hopkinton,  and  afterward  lived  at  Goffstown ;  c.     Mrs.  Stevens  m., 
second,  June  18,  1778,  Samuel  Hoyt,  a  widower ;  and  had  2.  Lydia, 
b.  April  9,  1779;  m.  Jonathan  Bean,  a  schoolmaster,  of  Salisbury; 
moved  away;  had  several  ch.,   among  whom  were  twins,  one  of 
them  Sophia.     3.  Nancy,  or  Anna,  b.  Sept.  26,  1781 ;  m.  Dr.  Paul 
Tenney,  of  Hopkinton,  who  graduated  at  Dartmouth  College  in  1803 ; 
lived  in  Wilmot,  had  several  ch.,  and  died  near  Mechanicsburg,  Ohio, 
in  1844.     4.   William,  b.  July  24,  1783;  m.  Polly  French,  of  Weare; 
lived  on  Sugar  Hill ;  had  Freeman,  Sewell,    Mary,    French, 
and  d.  of  consumption,  brought  on  by  hard  work.     5.  Sally,  or  Sarah, 
b.  Feb.   13,   1786;    sickly;    moved  to  Wilmot;    d.   at   Grafton;  m. 
John  Hoyt,   of  Concord.  —  VII.  Molly,   or  Mary,  b.  July  2,  1744; 
d.  in  Boscawen,  Jan.  9,   1828;   m.  Daniel  Murrav,  of  Newmarket, 
N.H.,  b.  Nov.  1,  1742 ;  r.  Hopkinton,  N.H. ;  d.  there,  July  15,  1823. 
They  were  buried  side  by  side  in  Weare ;  had  four  sons  and  ten 
daughters.  —  VIII.  Jacob,  b.  May  |-|,  1746,  ancestor  of  the  families 
in  Union  (of  whom  more  will  be  said  after  the  following  notices  of 
his  brother  Samuel's  family).  —  IX.  Samuel,  b.  Feb.  23,  1751;  m., 
Oct.  30,  1775,  Sarah  Dow,  of  Kensington,  N.H.,  b.  Dec.  17,  1747; 
had  land  given  to  him  at  Meredith  by  his  father ;  was  one  of  its 
earliest  settlers;  d.  there  Sept.  16,  1838.     He  was  short,  and  his  w. 
tall.     At  the  wedding,  a  young  woman,  not  fancying  this  inequality, 
in  a  moment  of  delay  while  they  were  on  the  floor,  seized  a  wooden 
oven-lid  about  two  inches  thick,  and  pushed  it  against  his  heels.    He 
stepped  upon  it^  and  thus  the  pair  stood  at  equal  height  while  the 
ceremony  was  performed.     The  Rev.  Isaac  Dalton  Stewart  writes, 
that,  when  Mr.  Sibley  moved  to  Meredith,  there  was  but  one  log- 
house  at  Meredith  Bridge.     "His  nearest  neighbors  were  three  miles 
on  one  side,  and  four  on  the  other.    Carried  his  corn  ten  miles  on  his 
back  to  mill.     Brought  his  salt  from  Exeter  on  horseback,  after  he 
was  able  to  hire  or  keep  a  horse.     In  1789,  he  went  to  Exeter  for  salt. 
Neighbors  were  then  nearer ;  and  he  got  Benjamin  Perkins,  who  lived 
within  half  a  mile,  to  assist  his  wife,  if  need  be,  in  keeping  off  the 
bears,  which  made  dreadful  havoc  among  his  corn.     It  was  a  beauti- 
ful, still,  moonlight  evening  in  the  month  of  October.     She  heard  a 
destructive  crashing  in  the  cornfield.     Leaving  her  four  children  in 
bed,  Mrs.  Sibley  called  to  her  aid  Mr.  Perkins.     With  his  loaded  gun, 
he  went  into  the  field,  found  the  bear,  and  discharged  its  contents." 
The  bear,  badly  wounded,  moved  oflf  as  fast  as  he  could.    Mrs.  Sibley 


\ 
SIBLEY.  503 

logues  of  Harvard  University  since  the  year  1841  ;  u.  — II. 
William  Cullen,  b.  March  1,  1807  ;  r.  on  the  homestead ;  u. 

pursued  him,  caught  him  by  the  leg  as  he  was  climbing  over  a  log, 
and  held  on  till  Perkins  came  up  and  despatched  him  by  cutting  his 
throat  with  a  jack-knife.  Descendants,  —  1.  Josiah  Dow,  b.  1779; 
d.  fifteen  months  old.  2.  Hannah,  b.  Feb.  7,  1780 ;  m.  Jeremiah  Gove, 
of  Hampton  Falls.  He  d.  1843;  having  John,  b.  June  13,  1824. 
3.  Richard,  b.  1782  ;  m.,  1808,  Polly  French,  of  Newmarket ;  was  a 
rafter  from  Exeter  to  Portsmouth  ;  and  drowned  in  a  squall,  while 
picking  up  drift-wood  on  the  Piscataqua  River;  had  (1).  Josiah,  d. 
four  months  old ;  (2).  Nancy;  (3).  Mark;  (4).  Sophia.  4.  Mary, 
b.  March  1,  1784  ;  m.,  1815,  Paul  H.  Stanton,  of  Bartlett;  had  (1). 
Richard,  b.  1816;  (2).  Sarah,  b.  1818,  d.  April,  1844;  (3).  New- 
hall,  b.  1820;  (4).  Rebecca,  b.  1823.  5.  Sarah,  b.  Sept.  16,  1786; 
m.,  July  3,  1806,  Wm.  Robinson,  of  Sanbornton,  who  d.  Nov.  18,  1813  ; 
had  (1).  Benjamin  D.,  b.  AprilO,  1807,  m.,  Jan.  19,  1847,  Lois  Hall, 
of  Sandwich.  The  widow  Robinson  went  to  her  father's,  and  main- 
tained both  her  parents  during  their  last  days.  6.  Benjamin,  b.  March 
7,  1790;  in  1817,  went  to  Woodstock  [Mechanicsburg?],  Champaign 
County,  Ohio ;  and  it  was  twenty-three  years  before  he  was  heard 
from.  He  m.  a  Hilliard ;  had  four  children.  7.  Nancy,  b.  Feb.  1792 ; 
d.  seventeen  months  old. 

To  resume  the  notice  of — VIH.  Jacob  Sibley,  b.  May  i|,  1746, 
father  of  Jonathan  and  Jacob,  of  Union.  When  eighteen  years  old,  he 
was  sent  by  his  father,  one  of  the  proprietors  of  Meredith,  to  assist  in 
building  the  first  bridge  across  the  Winnipiseogee  River,  near  the  out- 
let of  the  lake.  In  1768,  he  went  to  Hopkinton,  N.  H.,  boarded  with 
his  sister  Stevens,  when  the  place  was  almost  a  wilderness,  and  the 
remotest  settlement  from  the  seaboard,  except  the  valley  of  the 
Connecticut  and  of  its  tributaries  ;  and  d.  at  Hopkinton,  June  25,  1831. 
Oct.  11,  1771,  he  m.  Anna,  dr.  of  Gideon  George,  a  shoemaker  and 
farmer  of  East  Haverhill,  Mass.,  whose  wife,  a  Jewett,  came  to  this 
country  when  fourteen  days  old.  She  was  b.  Sept.  11,  1749,  and  d. 
Sept.  20,  1828.  After  their  wedding,  they  rode  on  one  horse  from 
Haverhill  to  his  sister  Stevens's,  on  Sugar  Hill,  in  Hopkinton ;  whence, 
there  being  no  road,  they  walked  two  miles  in  a  narrow  path,  through 
the  woods,  to  their  humble  dwelling,  driving  before  them  a  little  spot- 
ted pig.  Her  "  fitting  out "  consisted  of  three  white  cups  and  three 
saucers,  three  knives,  three  forks,  one  coverlet  made  of  hair  and  tow, 
and  one  of  wool.  In  1774,  they  took  a  journey,  on  horseback,  to 
Haverhill  and  Stratham,  and  back  ;  the  mother  seated  behind  the 
father,  who  carried  his  only  child  in  his  arms  before  him.  In  1776, 
Jacob  Sibley  was  in  the  military  service  at  Portsmouth,  and  worked 
on  Fort  Constitution.  While  there,  his  wife,  besides  attending  to  her 
domestic  duties  and  taking  care  of  her  two  children,  hoed  three  acres 
of  corn  upon  burnt  land.  This  was  a  few  months  before  the  birth  of 
her  third  child.  In  the  latter  part  of  her  life,  her  physical  strength 
gradually  failed,  till  she  lost  entirely  the  power  of  locomotion.  De- 
cendants :  — 

I.  Jonathan,  b.  Jan.  4,  1773 ;  r.  Union,  Me. 

II.  Hannah,  b.  Jan.  22,  1775 ;  r.  on  the  homestead  till  her  parents' 


504  FAMILY  REGISTER. 

—  III.  Moses,  b.  May  5,  1813  ;  before  three  years  old,  was 
attacked  with  epileptic  fits,  which  continued  as  long  as  he 

and  her  brother  Amos's  decease,  and  now  with  her  sister  Eastman, 
at  Warner,  N.  H. 

III.  Jacob,  b.  Dec.  1,  1776  ;  went  to  Union  in  March,  1800.  There 
he  m.,  Feb.  25,  1802,  Abigail,  born  at  Scituate,  Mass.,  March  14,  1779, 
dr.  of  Barnabas  and  Lydia  (Wade)  Simmons,  and  settled  on  the  hill  in 
the  north-west  part  of  the  tOAvn.  Descendants,  1.  Nancy,  b.  Jan.  2, 
1803  ;  m.,  March  9,  1826,  Jo&eph  Bryant,  of  Union  ;  and  he  d.  Nov.  23, 
1847  ;  having  had  (1).  Samuel  Stone,  b.  June  4  or  5,  1827,  m,, 
March  7,  1850,  Sarah  Catherine  Miller,  in  New  York;  (2).  Jacob 
Sibley,  b.  April  12,  1829;  (3).  Joseph,  b.  Oct,  6,  1831;  (4).  Nan- 
cy Jane,  b.  June  5,  1833;  (5).  Abigail,  b.  Jan.  4,  1836,  d.  Aug.  22, 
1838;  (6).  Abby  Marilla,  b.  April  6,  1839;  (7).  John  Fair- 
field, b.  May  7,  1841.  2.  Lydia,  b.  Dec.  13,  1804;  d.  June  11,  1837; 
m.,  Oct.  20,  1829,  John  Hunt  Gowen,  who  m.,  second,  Dec.  2,  1840, 
Betsey,  dr.  of  John  and  Sarah  Linscott,  of  Nobleborough ;  had  (1). 
Rebecca,  b.  July  6,  1830;  (2).  Mary  O  li via,  b.  Oct.  28,  1832; 
(3.)  Sylvanus  Bachelder,  b.  May  11,1834;  d.  May  11,  1835; 
(4).  Zuinglius  Collins,  b.  May  14,  1837.  3.  George,  b.  July 
30,  1806  ;  r.  Appleton;  m..  May  26,  1833,  Lucy  Huse  Philbrook,  of 
Hope,  b.  in  Islesborough,  Sept.  1, 1807  ;  (1).  B  o  i  c  e  Crane,  b.  April 
29,1834;  d.  Dec.  30,  1834;  (2).  Willi  am  Albert  o,  b.  Dec.  1, 
1835;  (3).  George  Franklin,  b.  Aug.  25,  1837;  (4)  and  (5). 
Twins,  Lydia  Amelia  and  Louisa  Adelia,  b.  April  14, 
1839;  (6).  John  Langdon,  b.  Feb.  19,  1841;  (7).  Stephen 
iBoardman,  b.  Oct.  6,  1842 ;  (8)  and  (9).  Twins,  Almira  Fran- 
cena„b.  Oct.  1,  1846,  and  a  stillborn  son.  4.  Betsey  Ann,  h. 
June  25,  1808;  m..  May  16,  1832,  Nathaniel  Clark,  b.  Nov.  25,  1805, 
at  Haverhill,  Mass.;  had  (1).  Harriet  Ann,  b.  March  11,  1833; 
(2)  and  (3).  Twins,  b.  Sept.  17,  1834,  viz.  Mary  Electa,  d.  Oct. 
6,  1834,  and  Sarah  Persis;  (4).  Martha  Ellen,  b.  June  24, 
1836;  (5).  Octavus  Leonard,  b.  Jan.  18,  1840;  (6).  Julia 
Frances,  b.  March  9,  1842 ;  (7).  Nathaniel  Sibley,  b.  1847. 
5.  Louisa,  b.  March  12,  1810;  r.  Appleton;  m.,  Oct.  8,  1837,  Gusta- 
vus  Myrick,  s.  of  Moses  Kenniston,  b.  in  Thomaston,  Oct.  6,  1812; 
had  (1)  and  (2).  Twins,  sons,  b.  June  3,  1838  ;  d.  a  few  hours  old; 
(3).  Leander  Myrick,  b.  June  25,  1839,  in  Appleton;  (4). 
Lydia  Amanda,  b.  in  Union,  May  10,  1842;  (5).  Abby 
L  o  u i  s  a,  b.  Jan.  23, 1844 ;  (6).  L  u  c  y  A  n  n,  b.  May  29, 1848.  6.  Han- 
tiah,  b.  Jan.  5,  1812  ;  m.  Oct.  6,  1834,  Asa,  b.  in  Union,  Sept.  17, 
1810,  8.  of  John  and  Rebecca  (Hunt)  Gowen;  (1).  Harriet 
Ellen,  b.  April  28,  1836;  (2).  Abby  Electa,  b.  Oct.  6,  1840; 
(3).  Hannah  Augusta,  b.  Dec.  15,  1845.  7.  Mary  Jane,  b. 
Oct  10,  1813;  m..  May  1,  1834,  Samuel  Bartlett  (descendant  of 
Philip  Robbins),  b.  at  Hope,  March  3,  1802  ;  r.  Washington  ;  ch.  (1). 
Louisa  Sibley,  b.  Nov.  2,  1835;  (2).  Sophronia  Nason, 
b.  Oct.  20,  1837 ;  (3).  Stephen  George,  b.  Sept.  23,  1839  ;  (4). 
John  Elden,  b.  Feb.  14,  1844;  (5).  Emily  Rider,  b.  Aug. 
23,  1847;  d.  Sept.  19,  1849;  (6).  Mary  Ella,  b.  June  28,  1849. 
8.  Jacob,  b.  Oct.  27,  1815  ;  r.  Appleton;  m.,  Oct.  4,  1847,  Julia  Ann, 


SIBLEY.  505 

lived,  and  entirely  deprived  him  of  reason  several  years  be- 
fore he  d.  of  dysentery,  Aug.  16,  1826. 

b.  Sept.  19,  1819,  dr.  of  Alexander  and  Sarah  (Barker)  Pease,  of  Ap- 
pleton,  who  d.  Nov.  19,  1848;  had  (1).  Julia  Ann,  b.  Nov.  12, 
1848.  He  m.  second,  Nov.  5,  1849,  Charlotte,  b.  Feb.  6,  1826,  dr.  of 
Boice  Crane,  of  Hope.  9.  Ebenezer  Blunt,  b.  Oct.  24,  1817;  m.,  April 
2  or  22,  1844,  Melea  Robbins,  b.  Jan.  6,  1826,  dr.  of  Levi  Butler,  of 
Appleton,  descendant  of  Phinehas  B.,  of  Thomaston;  and  had  (1). 
J^  u  c  y  A  1 1  a  n  t  a,  b.  Nov.  29,  1845  ;  (2).  Franklin  Edson,  b. 
May  2,  1847;  (3).  Elizabeth  Fiorina,  b.  Oct.  5,1849.  10. 
Abigail,  b.  Jan.  18,  1820 ;  r.  South  Boston,  Mass. ;  m.,  Oct.  20,  1849, 
at  Danielsonville,  Conn.,  John  Barclay  Fanning,  b.  Aug.  13,  1820,  in 
Boston,  son  of  Edward  and  Caroline  (Fanning)  Barnard;  has  (1). 
C  a  r  o  1  i  n  e  M  a  t  i  1  d  a,  b.  May  20,  1851. 

IV.  William,  b.  Feb.  16,  1779;  r.  Freedom,  Me.;  m.,  March  4, 
1805,  Charlotte,  of  N.  Yarmouth,  now  Cumberland,  Me.,  b.  July  13, 
1783,  dr.  of  Benjamin  Buxton  (b.  i,n  Falmouth,  Feb.  28,  1748  ;  d. 
March,  1810 ;  originated  from  Danvers,  Mass.) ;  and  his  wife,  Elizabeth 
Grant,  b.  at  York,  Me.,  June,  1749;  d.  Sept.  1841.  They  have  1. 
Ann,  b.  Jan.  20,  1806;  m.,  Jan.  20,  1829,  Edmund,  b.  Albion,  Me., 
Oct.  3,  1804,  son  of  Jonathan  Fuller,  b.  at  Newton,  Mass.,  1767,  and 
his  wife  Hannah  Bradstreet,  b.  at  Rowley,  Mass.,  Oct.  1,  1777 ;  r. 
Freedom.  They  have  (1).  Christopher  Columbus,  b.  Nov. 
28,  1829;  (2).  William  Sib  1  ey,  b.  Dec.  17,  1832;  (3).  Judith, 
b.  April  28,  1837 ;  (4).  Edmund  Allen,  b.  Nov.  21,  1839;  (5). 
Selden  Kimball,  b.  Jan.  14,  1842.  2.  Reuben,  b.  Sept.  15, 
1807,  at  Beaver  Hill  Plantation,  now  Freedom,  Me. ;  merchant,  Bel- 
fast, Me. ;  m.,  first,  at  Orono,  Me.,  April  30,  1834,  Margaret  Sampson, 
dr.  of  John  and  Mary  (Heywood)  Read,  b.  at  Fairfax,  now  Albion, 
Me.,  Oct.  12,  1812,  d.  Jan.  15,  1838.  He  m.,  second,  at  Portland, 
July  2,  1839,  Hannah  Cushing,  dr.  of  Ammi  and  Hannah  Gushing 
(Greeley)  Cutter,  b.  at  North  Yarmouth,  now  Yarmouth,  Me.,  Nov.  2, 
1808;  ch.  b.  in  Belfast,  (1).  William,  b.  Aug.  24,  1835,  d.  Jan. 
28,1842;  (2).  John  Read,  b.  Aug.  21,  1837,  d.  July  28, 1850;  (3). 
Margaret  Cutter,  b.  June  8,  1840,  d.  Feb.  6,  1842  ;  (4).  Han- 
nah Elizabeth,  b.  March  10,  1842,  d.  Sept.  20,  1843 ;  (5).  E  d- 
ward,  b.  Sept.  5,  1843;  (6).  Charlotte,  b.  Aug.  15,  1845;  (7). 
Ammi  Cutter,  b.  Sept.  16,  1847;  (8).  Eliphalet  Greeley, 
b.  Nov.  14,  1849.  3.  Persis,  b.  May  10,  1813;  m.,  June  5,  1842, 
Charles,  s.  of  Edward  and  Elizabeth  (Nevans)  Andrews,  of  Turner, 
afterwards  of  Dixfield,  now  of  Paris,  Me.,  b.  at  Paris,  Me.,  Feb.  11, 
1814,  attorney  at  law,  speaker  of  the  Maine  House  of  Representa- 
tives, clerk  of  the  Courts  of  Oxford  County,  representative  elect  to 
Congress;  and  has  (1).  Charlotte  Buxton,  b.  at  Dixfield, 
July  15,  1843;  (2).  Per  sis  Nevans,  b.  April  13,  1847,  at  Paris, 
Me.  4.  William  George,  b.  May  25,  1815;  m.,  Dec.  5,  1843,  Nancy 
T.,  b.  at  Freedom,  Me.,  May  9,  1823,  dr.  of  Joseph  and  Sally  (Davis) 
Russell;  ch.  (1).  Alice  True,  b.  Aug.  30,  1844 ;  (2)  William, 
b.  March  5,  1847  ;  (3).  John  Langdon,  b.  March  31,  1849. 

V.  Stephen,  trader,  farmer,  wool-grower,  representative  to  the 
Legislature;  b.  Dec.  29,  1780;  r.  Hopkinton,  N. H. ;  m.,  Dec.  31, 
1809,  Sarah,  b.  Nov.  26,  1780,  dr.  of  Abraham  Brown,  b.  at  Salisbury, 

43* 


506  FAMILY  REGISTER. 

Snell,  Dayid  ;  wife's  name  Molly  ;  came  from  Mass. ;  t. 
1791  ;  moved  to  Ohio,  and  d.     Four  of  their  children  were 

Mass.,  Oct.  28,  1747,  and  his  wife,  Sarah,  dr.  of  Daniel  French,  of 
South  Hampton,  N.H. ;  ch.  1.  Abram^rown,  b.  Feb.  22,  1811,  d.  of 
consumption,  Dec.  21,  1834,  at  his  father's ;  u.  2.  Nancy  George^  b. 
April  25,  1813;  ra.,  Aug.  29,  1837,  Charles  Pinkney  Gage,  M.D.,  of 
Concord,  N.H.,  son  of  John  and  Sally  (Bickford)  Gage,  of  Hopkinton, 
N.H.,  b.  Sept.  1780;  has  (1).  Charles  Sibley,  b.  Dec.  30,  1843, 
at  Concord;  (2).  Mary,  b.  at  Hopkinton,  N.H.,  April  18,  1847.  3. 
John,  b.  July  10,  1816;  d.  Aug.  23,  1824;  palpitation  and  enlarge- 
ment of  the  heart.  4.  Jacob,  b.  Jan.  13,  1819  ;  d.  July  3,  1822. 
5.  Philip  Brown,  b.  March  31,  1822;  d.  Aug.  11,  1825. 

VI.  Samuel,  b.  Dec.  12,  1782;  r.  Albion,  Me.;  m.,  Dec.  31,  1812, 
Charlotte,  of  Albion,  b.  Nov.  15,  1788,  in  Holden,  Mass.,  dr.  of  Josiah 
Broad,  b.  in  Holden,  December,  1745,  and  his  w.  Lydia  Wilder,  b.  in 
Lancaster,  Mass.;  and  has  1.  Sarah  Brown,  b.  Nov.  24,  1813.  2. 
Eliza,  b.  Jan.  18,  1816  ;  r.  Manchester,  N.H.  3.  Charlotte,  b.  Sept.  22, 
1817 ;  m.,  Nov.  30,  1845,  Francis,  b.  Albion,  s.  of  Phinehas  and  Bet- 
sey Shorey;  ch.  (1).  Catharine  Almira,  b.  Sept.  23,  1846; 
(2).  Charles  Frank,  b.  Sept.  13,  1849.  .4.  Catharine,  b.  May  27, 
1820;  m.,  Jan.  19,  1845,  Thomas  Sprague,  s.  of  William  and  Jane 
Stratton;  r.  Lawrence,  Mass.;  and  has  (1).  Alton  Marshall, 
b.  Albion,  Nov.  20,  1845;  (2).  Emma  Jane,  b.  Lawrence, 
Oct.  31,  1848,  d.  Oct.  1,  1849.  5.  Margaret,  b.  March  26,  1822 ;  m., 
Sept.  27,  1846,  John,  s.  of  John  and  Susan  Stinson,  b.  Nov.  16,  1820, 
at  Clinton ;  ch.  (1).  Maria  Bradstreet,  b.  April  2, 1849.  6.  Marg, 
b.  April  5,  1824  ;  scalded,  and  d.  Feb.  22, 1826.  7.  Kneeland,  b.  March 
31,  1826  ;  r.  Dedham,  Mass.  8.  Manleij,  b.  Aug.  29, 1828  ;  r.  Albion. 
9.  Georgey  b.  Oct.  11,  1831 ;  d.  of  measles,  July  22,  1832. 

VII.  Amos,  b.  Jan.  31,  1785  ;  settled  on  the  homestead,  and  d. 
Aug.  20,  1839.  It  is  a  remarkable  fact,  that  his  is  the  only  death 
among  ten  brothers  and  sisters,  during  a  period  of  more  than  sixty- 
four  years.  Dec.  26,  1814,  he  m.  Dolley,  b.  Sept.  13,  1788,  dr.  of 
Obadiah  Hadley,  whose  parents  were  Samuel  Hadley,  of  Goffstown, 
and  his  w.,  Fanny,  dr.  of  Winthrop  Getchell,  of  Peterborough,  N.H. 
They  had  1.  Clerrinda  Jeicett,  b.  Sept.  29,  1815  ;  r.  on  the  Old  Sibley 
Place,  in  Hopkinton,  N.  H. ;  m.,  April  3,  1836,  James,  b.  Nov.  12,  at 
Henniker,  N.  H.,  s.  of  James  and  Hannah  (Gould)  Hoyt.  2.  Nancy 
Bean,  b.  Jan.  16,  1826;  m.,  Feb.  19,  1843,  Franklin,  r.  Franklin, 
N.H.,  trunk  and  harness  maker,  s.  of  March  Barber,  of  Canaan  ;  ch. 
(1).  Charles  Frank,  b.  May  21,  1844,  at  Thetford,  Vt.,  d.  Feb. 
17,  1845,  at  Franklin,  N.H. ;  (2).  Frank  March,  b.  Franklin, 
July  10,  1846;  (3).  Ella  Clerrinda,  b.  Sept.  22,  1849.  3.  Sarah 
Brown,  b.  May  3,  1830;  m.,  Oct.  1,  1848,  George  Washington  Beard; 
r.  Athol,  Mass. 

VIII.  Moses,  b.  March  29,  1787;  d.  of  nervous  headache,  Feb.  24, 
1788. 

IX.  Betsey,  or  Elizabeth,  b.  Feb.  11,  1789;  m.,  Oct.  3,  1815,  Isaac, 
b.  July  20,  1784,  s.  of  Elijah  and  Peggy  (Patterson)  Rice,  of  Henni- 
ker, N.H. ;  has  1.  Hiram,  b.  Nov.  9,  1816;  r.  on  the  homestead;  u. 
2.  Elizabeth  George,  b.  June  7,  1819;  m.,  Feb.  8,  1843,  Rev.  Isaac 
Dalton  Stewart,  of  Meredith  Bridge,  N.  H.,  who  was  b.  at  Warner, 


SNELL.  507 

deaf  and  dumb.  —  I.  David,  b.  April  26,  1784;  m.  Peggy- 
Cook,  of  Friendship;  and  had  1.  Mary  Ann,  b.  Feb.  4, 
1810.  2.  William,  b.  Oct.  20,  1815;  and  probably  others. 
—  II.  Molly,  b.  Jan.  27,  1787.  — III.  Shadrach,  b.  March 
2,  1789;  m.,  first,  Cecilia,  commonly  called  Celia,  Dyer, 
March  30,  1823;  and,  second,  Hannah  Walker,  1835;  r. 
Washington ;  ch.  by  last  marriage,  perhaps  as  follows : 
1.  Shadrach,  b.  May  5,  1836.  2.  Hannah  Booth,  b.  July 
17,  1838.     3.  Daniel  Walker,  b.  Nov.  19,  1840;  d.  Jan.  7, 

Dec.  23,  1817,  s.  of  Capt.  John  Stewart;  has  (1).  Marinda 
F  f  a  n  c  e  s,  b.  July  6,  1845. 

X.  Anne,  or  Nancy,  b.  April  7,  1791  ;  m.,  Oct.  26,  1819,  Daniel, 
of  Warner,  N.  H.,  a  widower,  b.  Feb.  10,  1774,  s.  of  Nathaniel  Bean, 
of  Exeter,  N.  H. ;  has  1.  Stephen  Sibley,  b.  Oct.  26,  1820  ;  m.,  Aug.  31, 
1845,  Nancy  Elizabeth,  b.  July  14,  1824,  dr.  of  Philip  and  Sarah 
(Colby)  Colby ;  r.  Warner ;  c.  2.  Dolphus  Skinner,  r.  Warner ;  b. 
Feb.  26,  1824  ;  m.,  Aug.  27,  1846,  Mahala  Cordelia,  b.  May  4,  1829, 
dr.  of  Waterman  and  Molly  (Sargent)  Flanders.  She  d.  Dec.  2,  1847  ; 
c.  He  m.,  Nov.  7,  1850,  Annie  Robinson,  b.  Aug.  2,  1829,  dr.  of 
Thomas  and  Anna  (Cressey)  Eaton,  of  Hopkinton,  N.  H.  3.  Nancy 
Ann,  b.  Oct.  25,  1829;  m.,  Nov.  1,  1849,  Nehemiah  George,  b.  War- 
ner, Nov.  10,  1828,  s.  of  Nehemiah  and  Mary  (Flanders)  Ordway. 

XI.  Polly,  b.  July  30,  1794;  m.,  March  26,  1820,  Timothy,  r. 
Warner,  b.  Jan.  29,  1790,  Hopkinton,  N.  H.  (s.  of  Simeon,  s.  of 
Enoch  Eastman,  proprietors'  clerk,  of  Hopkinton,  N.H.).  They  have 
1.  Laura,  b.  Hopkinton,  March  20,  1821.  2.  George  Sibley,  b.  April 
16,  1823,  Warner,  N.H.;  r.  Stoneham,  Mass.;  m.,  June  6, 1850,  Mary 
Jane  Buttman,  of  Stoneham.  3.  Mary,  b.  June  3,  1827.  4.  Walter 
Scott,  b.  Sept,  2,  1829.  5.  Timothy  Brewster,  b.  Jan.  17,  1832.  6. 
Elisabeth  Ann,  b.  May  25,  1833.     7.  Eleanor,  b.  Dec.  24,  1839. 

Thus  it  appear^  that  Jonathan  and  Jacob,  who  settled  in  Union, 
were  sons  of  Jacob,  b.  May  i|^j  1746,  the  son  of  Jonathan,  b.  Nov.  25, 
1701,  the  son  of  Samuel,  b.  in  Salem,  Mass.,  10:1:  1658,  the  son  of 
Richard.  Richard  probably  was  born  in  England,  and  may  have  been 
the  son  of  John,  of  Charlestown,  Mass.,  and  have  come  with  him  in 
the  Winthrop  fleet. 

It  may  be  added  that  there  is  a  remarkable  similarity  of  appearance 
in  the  different  branches  of  the  family,  though  separated  by  several 
generations.  Some  years  since, '  George  Llttlefield,  of  Meredith 
Bridge,  N.  H.,  whose  features  and  movements  were  as  like  those  of 
the  late  Amos,  of  Hopkinton,  as  if  they  were  brothers,  was  followed 
a  long  distance  in  Washington- street,  Boston,  by  a  gentleman  who 
mistook  him  for  Jonas,  of  Sutton,  Mass.,^  the  late  U.  S.  marshal. 
These  three  individuals  belonged  to  three  branches  which  had  been 
diverging  from  each  other  one  hundred  and  fifty  years  or  more.        v 

In  relation  to  the  Sibleys  who  lived  in  Salem  and  the  vicinity, 
most  of  the  information  and  the  arrangement  have  been  furnished  by 
George  Dean  Phippen,  Esq.,  an  enthusiastic  and  laborious  genealo- 
gist and  antiquarian,  whose  grandmother  was  one  of  the  family. 


508  FAMILY  REGISTER. 

1842.     4.  Frances  ^/iw,  b.  Feb.  20,  1845.     5.  Lydia.     6.  j» 
Adeline.  —  IV.    Sally,  b.  June    30,    1791.  —  V.  Amos,  b. 
Dec.  14,  1793  ;  deaf  and  dumb;  d.  on  his  way  to  Ohio.  — 

VI.  Appleton,  b.  Feb.  19,  1796.  — VII.  and  VIII.  Isaiah 
and  Isaac,  twins,  b.  April  22,  1798  ;  one  deaf  and  dumb.  — 
IX.  Lucy,  b.  Feb.  24,  1801.  — X.  Lydia,,b.  Jan.  15,  1804, 
deaf  and  dumb.  —  XI.  John  Broadhead,  b.  Nov.  3,  1805. 
—  XII.  Sena,  b.  March  25,  1808,  deaf  and  dumb. 

Stewart,  Holmes,  seaman;  settled  adjoining  to  his 
brother  Timothy;  t.  1791  ;  came  with  his  brother ;  was  lost 
at  sea  from  a  bowsprit  in  the  winter  of  1798-9  ;  u. 

Stewakt,  Timothy,  surveyor,  b.  Aug.  27,  1770,  at  Ed- 
garton;  d.  March  29  [gravestone],  30  [town-record],  1844; 
t.  1791,  and  probably  came  earlier.  He  m.,  first,  Jan.  26, 
1792,  Jedidah  Pease,  of  Chappequiddick,  who  was  b.  June  3, 
1768,  and  d.  of  consumption.  May  12  [or,  according  to  grave- 
ston,  19],  1815.  He  m.,  second,  Oct.  1,  1818,  Abigail 
Daggett,  who  was  b.  at  Vinalhaven,  Oct.  24,  1785.  —  I. 
Levina,  b.  Feb.  16  or  8,  1793;  m.,  Dec.  31,  1815,  John 
Coffin  Ripley,  of  Appleton.  —  II.  Anna,  b.  April  23,  1795; 
m.  Timothy  Weymouth,  of  Appleton.  —  III.  Leonard,  b. 
Aug.  2,  1797;  d.  a  prisoner  of  war,  on  Melville's  Island, 
August,  1814(?).  — IV.  Hannah,  b.  Aug.  19,1799;  m.,  ^ 
July  10,  1818,  Ansel  Snow.  —  V.  Lovey,  b.  Feb.  22,  1802;  ji 
m.  Richard  Harwood,  of  Hope.  — VI.  John  Homes,  b.  Oct. 
10  or  8,  1804;  m.,   Oct.  28,  1830,  Olive  C.  Fairbanks.— 

VII.  William  Dougherty,  b.  June  5  or  4,  1807  ;  m.,  April 
4,  1833,  Maria  Bills;  ch.  1.  Harriet,  b.  Aug.  24,  1834.  2. 
Sarah,  b.  Aug.  24, 1837.  3.  Cyrus  Gail,h.  April  30, 1840. 
4'.  William  Marrill,  b.  May  30,  1843.  — VIII.  Thomas 
Martin,  b.  Oct.  10,  1810;  m.  a  Butler,  of  Edgarton ;  r. 
Milwaukie,  Wise.  —  IX.  Oren  Oxford,  b.  Sept.  9,  1819; 
m.,  April  11,  1847,  Mary  Ann,  dr.  of  John  P.  Bobbins. 

Stone,  Allen,  pump-maker ;  wife's  name  Hannah ;  t. 
1797;  d.  several  years  ago,  and  his  w.  Nov.  8,  1821  ;  had 
I.  Millicent,  b.  May  13,  1798.  —II.  Sally,  b.  Oct.  28, 1800  ; 
and  probably  others. 

Stone,  Waldron  (s.  of  Eben),  whose  w.  was  Rachel 
Campbell,  of  Townsend,  Mass. ;  came  from  Townsend,  a  sur- 
veyor and  blacksmith,  and  settled  in  the  north-west  part  of 
the  town,  on  the  farm  now  owned  by  John  Adams ;  t.  1794, 
though  probably  not  a  resident  before  1796;  and  d.  1799. 


STONE.  —  THOMPSON.  509 

His  ch.,  all  born  in  Ashby  and  Townsend,  —  I.  Sally,  m. 
Oliver  Wetherbee  ;  r.  Bath,  N.  H.  —  II.  Polly,  m.  William 
Parks  ;  r.  Union,  and  now  Skowhegan  ;  had  1.  William  H., 
b.  at  Townsend,  Sept.  7,  1796;  d.  May  6,  1803.  2.  WaU 
dron  Stone,  b.  Oct.  14,  1802  ;  m.  and  r.  Skowhegan.  3. 
Matilda,  b.  Nov.  1,  1806;  m.  John  Plummer ;  r.  Skowhe- 
gan. 4.  George,  b.  Jan.  11,  1809;  m.  Ann  Lamb;  r. 
Skowhegan.  5.  John,  while  a  minor,  d.  of  brain-fever.  6. 
Charles,  m.  Rachel  Glass  ;  r.  Monmouth.  There  is  an  ob- 
scurity ;  perhaps  William,  b.  after  the  death  of  William  H., 
m.  Betsey  Harriman ;  r.  on  the  Penobscot.  —  III.  Daniel,  m., 
and  r.  Syracuse,  N.Y.  —  IV.  Jonas  ;  m.,  andr.  Milwaukie. — 
V.  Eben ;  went  to  Virginia  with  Capt.  David  Grafton,  became 
unwell,  and  d.  in  Boston  on  his  way  home.  —  VI.  John  ;  lost 
at  sea;  u.  —  VII.  Samuel,  b.  Dec.  14,  1787;  m.,  1818,  Eliza- 
beth, or  Eliza,  dr.  of  Thomas  Mitchell ;  had  1 .  Abigail,  b.  July 
12,1819;  d.  July  26, 1819.  2.  Rachel  Carriel,  h.  Se^tt.  17, 
1820;  m.,  Nov.  1,  1840,  John,  son  of  Peter  Adams,  who 
was  b.  Jan.  22,  1819  ;  and  had  (1).  Thomas  Mitchell, 
b.  Sept.  25,  1841  ;  (2).  Francis  Marion,  b.  Aug.  26, 
1844;  (3).  Samuel,  b.  November,  1847.  3.  Mary 
Mitchell,  b.  Feb.  12,  1823;  m.,  1846,  Nathan  Knowlton ; 
and  had  (1).  Leonora,  b.  Sept.  27,1848.  4.  Rufus, 
b.  Feb.  10,  1826  ;  r.  homestead.  5.  Nancy  A.,  b.  Oct.  11, 
1828  ;  m.,  1847,  Thomas  Johnson  Blunt.  6.  Elmira 
Adams,  b.  Aug.  21,  1832.  7.  Samuel,  b.  April  28,  1836. 
8.  Roscoe,  b.  Nov.  4, 1838.  9.  Augusta,  b.  Ju'ne  10,  1841. 
10.  James  Henry,  b.Aug.  23,  1844;  d.  Feb.  23,  1850.— 
VIII.  Betsey,  m.,  June,  1809,  Peter  Adams,  and  d.  in  Gar- 
diner. —  IX.  Nancy,  m.,  first,  Feb.  12,  1824,  Joseph  Gree- 
ley; and,  second,  Sept.  20,  1827,  Peter  Adams ;  r.  Skow- 
hegan. 

Thompson,  James,  t.  1797,  but  not  a  poll-tax  till  1798  ; 
m.,  1804,  Lucretia  Brown,  and  d.  March  22,  1825  ;  ch.  —  I. 
Hannah  Walker,  b.  Aug.  31,  1805.  —  II.  James  B.,  b. 
March  7,  1807.  —  III.  Marlborough  M.,  b.  Aug.  1,  1808.  — 
IV.  Isaac,-b.  April  22,  1810;  d.  August,  1811. —  V.  Charles, 
b.  Nov.  23,  1811.  — VI.  Milton,  b.  Oct.  3,  1813;  m. 
Amanda,  and  had  Elmira,  b.  Oct.  9,  1836.  —  VII.  Isaac, 
b.  Feb.  23,  1815.  — VIII.  Seldom,  b.  June  29,  1816;  d. 
Sept.  3,  1816.  — IX.  Anna  Booth,  b.  July  29,  1817.  — X. 
Fanny  Walker,  b.  Nov.  26,  1819 ;  and  others. 


510  FAMILY  EEGISTER. 

Thompson,  Stoky,  b.  in  Bristol ;  t.  I  795  ;  m.  Deborah, 
dr.  of  Erastiis  and  Betsey  (Doty)  Sherman,  who  d.  1837, 
set.  sixty-five;  ch.  —  I.  John,  b.  in  Bristol,  Oct.  8,  1792; 
m.  widow  Martha,  or  Patty,  Newbit,  b.  June  2,  1787,  dr.  of 
Ichabod  and  Mary  Maddocks;  and  had  1.  Sarah,  b.  May  25, 
1815;  m.  Moses  Luce.  2.  Story,  b.  Jan.  24,  1817;  m. 
Hannah,  dr.  of  Nathaniel  Maddocks,  of  Appleton.  3.  Hul- 
dah,  b.  Sept.  21,  1819;  m.  Aurelius  P.  Lawrence.  4.  A 
son,  b.  Feb.  22,  1822  ;  d.  March  2,  1822.  5.  John,  b.  July 
20,  1823.  6.  Almond,  b.  Aug.  31,  1825.  7.  Harriet,  b. 
March  22,  1828;  d.  Jan.  2,  1832.  8.  Ambrose. —  U. 
Story,  b.  in  Bristol,  Oct.  11,  1794;  d.  April  7,  1834.  — III. 
Robert,  b.  Nov.  3,  1799  ;  m.  Elizabeth,  dr.  of  John  B.  and 
Betsey  (Richards)  Coggan ;  and  had  1.  Jedidah  Mitchell, 
b.  March  26,  1829.  2.  Marius,  b.  July  13,  1830;  d.  3. 
Marcellus,  b.  Nov.  27,  1831.  4.  Ellen  Augusta,  b.  Feb. 
15,  1833.  5.  Laura  Elizabeth,  b.  April  1,  1834.  6.  Har- 
riet, b.  June  22,  1840.  — IV.  James,  b.  Nov.  6,  1802;  m., 
1829,  Harriet,  dr.  of  James  Maxfield ;  and  had  1.  Solomon, 
b.  March  10,  1830.  2.  Erastus  Carter,  b.  Feb.  9,  1832; 
d.  Oct.  29,  1832.  3.  Erastus,  b.  Sept.  5,  1834.  4. 
Augustin,  b.  Nov.  25,  1835.  5.  Lucy  Ellen,  b.  Feb.  15, 
1839.  6.  Martha  Jane,  b.  Feb.  2,  1841.  7.  Lewis,  b. 
Sept.  30,  1842.  — V.  Lucy,  b.  Feb.  28,  1805  ;  d.  Dec.  1848. 
—  VI.  William,  b.  Dec.  7,  1807.  — VII.  Polly,  or  Mary, 
b.  Oct.  17,  1810;  m.  William  Coggan,  1828;  and  had  1. 
Ethelda,  b.  June  29,  1829.  2.  Emily  Blake,  b.  Dec.  15, 
1833.  3.  Deborah  Maria,  b.  Aug.  19,  1836.  4.  Esther 
Francina,  b.  Sept.  26,  1838.  5.  Alanson  Marius,  b.  Dec. 
4,  1840. 

Titus,  Olney,  b.  at  Mansfield,  Mass.,  June  11,  1772; 
m.,  Feb.  5,  1795,  Abigail  Gillmor,  of  Franklin,  Mass.; 
came  to  Union,  April,  1794  ;  settled  on  the  west  side  of  the 
river,  below  Hills'  Mills,  and  near  Royal  Grinnell's,  on  the 
farm  on  which  some  chopping  had  been  previously  done  by 
the  Daggetts.  Descendants,  —  I.  Joanna  Gillmor,  b.  March 
17,  1796  ;  d.  July  16,  1823  ;  m.,  Sept.  4,  1813,  Oliver  Pratt, 
from  Pittston,  who  d.  May  27,  1825  ;  ch.  1.  Abigail  Titus, 
b.  Sept.  11,  1814;  m.  James  Linniken ;  r.  Boothbay.  2. 
James,  b.  Oct.  21,1816;  m.  Martha  Linniken  ;  r.  Rockland. 
3.  Patience  Alden,  b.  May  18,  1819  ;  m.  Patrick  Nolen ;  r. 
New  Castle.    4.   Rebecca  Eveline,  b.  May  3,  1821;  m.  Alvan 


TITUS.  511 

Litchfield;   r.  Manchester,  N.  H.     5.   Luther,  b.  June  12, 

1823  ;  d.  March  4,  1824.  Oliver  Pratt,  m.,  second,  Nancy 
Robinson,  Feb.  15,  1824;  and  had  6.  William  L.,  b.  Jan. 
30,  1825  ;  d.  July  9,  1825.  —  II.  Charles,  b.  April  8,  1798; 
m.,  first,  Parmela,  dr.  of  Simeon  Butters,  and,  second,  Oct. 
18,  1840,  Eleanor,  dr.  of  John  Newbit ;  r.  Appleton ;  had 

I.  A  child,  d.  Sept.  1818.  2.  Levi  Cheever,  b.  Oct.  22, 
1820;  m.  3.  Sophronia  Caroline,  b.  Aug.  8,  1822;  m. 
George   Shaw;    r.  Exeter.     4.   Joanna  Pratt,  b.  June  19, 

1824  ;  m.  a  Dodge.  5  and  6.  Twins,  b.  Jan.  29,  1826,  viz. 
Julia  Ann  and  Mary  Ann.  7.  Daniel  Butters,  b.  Jan. 
1828;  r.  Exeter.  8.  Sarah  Ethera,  b.  Dec.  6,  1829.  9 
and  10.  Twins,  b.  March  31,  1832,  viz.  Rhohe  Melinda 
and  Chloe  Matilda.  11.  Andrew  J.,  b.  April  6,  1834  ;.and 
others  by  his  second  wife.  —  III.  Rhobe,  or  Roby,  Gillmor, 
b.  April  21,  1801  ;  m.  Bradley  R.  Mowry,  Jan.  24,  1819; 
and  had  1.  Sarah  Angeline,  b.  Sept.  16,  1820;  m.  Charles 
A.  Hawes,  1837.  2  and  3.  Twins,  b.  Jan.  11,  1822,  viz. 
Laura  Amelia,  m.  Chauncy  Himes ;  and  Chloe  Matilda,  d. 
Oct.  31,  1843,  m.,  June  15,  1842,  Isaac  Flitner,  M.D.,  who 
was  b.  Sept.  28,  1809,  at  Pittston,  and  had  (1).  Georgi- 
an a,  b.  April  1,  1843.  [Dr.  F.  m.,  June  10,  1846, 
Clementine,  dr.  of  Deacon  Isaac  Stanwood,  of  Ipswich, 
Mass.;  and  had  (2).  George  Frederick,  b.  May  11, 
1847.]  4.  Hansi  Emeline,  b.  April  28,  1824.  5.  Harriet 
Rhohe,  b.  April  6,  1826.  6.  Ann  Maria,  b.  May  3,  1829. 
7.  Augustus,  b.  Sept.  8,  1831.  8  and  9.  Twins,  viz.  Irene 
and  Oscarene,  b.  Feb.  11,  1834.     10.  Mortimer  H.,h.  July 

II,  1836.  11.  Josephine,  b.  July  9,  1841.— IV.  Chloe,  b. 
Aug.  27,  1803  ;  m.  Jabez  Ware.  —  V.  Weston,  b.  Feb.  8, 
1808;  m.  Sarah  Emerton  ;  r.  Waldoborough ;  ch.  1.  Anson 
Lorenzo,  b.  Nov.  9,  1833  ;  d.  April  17,  1837.  2.  Charlotte 
Louisa,  b.  Dec.  21,  1834;  d.  Feb.  1848.  3.  Laura  Eve- 
line, b.  March  28,  1835.  4.  Olney  Weston,  b.  Oct.  3, 
1836.  5  and  6.  Twins,  viz.  Frances  Helen  and  Lucy  Ellen. 
7.  Lorenzo  Miller,  b.  Aug.  1840.  8.  Sarah  Isabel.  9.  A 
son,  d.  two  weeks  old.  10.  Albert.  11.  Caroline  Augusta, 
b.  June,  1846;  d.  1849.  12.  Zeruah  Ferroline.  —  VI. 
Melinda  Reed,  b.  Aug.  17,  1810;  m.  Almond  Messer ;  r. 
Montville.  —  VII.  Horace,  b.,  according  to  his  own  record, 
Sept.  8  ;  his  father's  records,  Sept.  9,  and  town-records, 
Sept.  10,  1812  ;  m.,  Jan.  1,  1837,  Ertheny  Avery,  of  Tops- 
ham,  Vt.,  who  was  b.  April  3,   1813;   r.  homestead;  and 


512  FAMILY  REGISTER. 

has  1.  Horace  Newell,  b.  Oct.  27,  1838.  2.  Lura  Ellen, 
b.  Aug.  25,  1840.  3.  Mary  Matilda,  b.  Aug.  15,  1848. 
—  VIII.  Lorenzo  Miller,  b.  May  30,  1816;  m. ;  r.  Illi- 
nois. 

ToBEY,  JoHis",  son  of  Samuel  and  Rebecca  (Hatch)  Tobey, 
b.  at  Falmouth,  Mass.,  Nov.  5,  1768;  came  to  Union  in 
1791  ;  m.,  June  13,  1791,  Mary,  dr.  of  George  and  Mary 
(Chase)  West,  who  was  b.  at  Tisbury,  Martha's  Vineyard, 
Dec.  11,  1772,  and  d.  Aug.  27,  1832.  He  m.,  July  5, 
1835,  the  widow  Melicent  Wingate,  b.  at  Hancock,  N.  H., 
Aug.  17,  1796,  dr.  of  Thomas  Jones,  an  Englishman.  He 
has  been  a  sea-captain  more  than  sixty  years,  but  for  some 
time  has  lived  on  his  farm,  full  of  activity  and  hilarity, 
though  afflicted  with  very  great  deafness.  He  had  —  I. 
Rebecca,  b.  Jan.  17,  1793;  m.,  Nov.  1810,  Calvin  Chase, 
from  Warwick,  Mass.,  a  storekeeper  in  Union;  and  had  1. 
Mary,  b.  Sept  27,  1811;  m.  a  Martin;  r.  Hallowell.  2. 
William  Witt,  b.  Aug.  22,  1813.  3.  Almeda,  d.  at  Miri- 
machi,  where  they  moved  and  where  C.  C.  also  died.  She 
m.,  second,  Thomas,  brother  of  her  first  husband;  r.  War- 
wick, Mass. ;  by  whom  zxe  Emily,  Elvira,  Almira  G.,  Ed- 
ward, and  Martha. — II.  Polly,  alias  Mary,  b.  Jan.  16, 
1795  ;  d.  at  Gardiner,  Nov.  5,  1831  ;  m.  John  Palmer,  and 
had  1.  Gilman,  m.  Mary  Brown,  of  Salisbury,  N.H. ;  r. 
Lancaster,  Mass.  2.  John,  d.  young.  3.  Nathaniel  Tohey, 
M.D.,  b.  Feb.  27,  1817;  r.  Brunswick;  m.,  Nov.  27,  1844, 
Mary  Merritt,  second  dr.  of  Capt.  William  Curtis,  of  Bruns- 
wick, b.  May  8,  1812.  4.  Mary,  m.  Rd.  Webster,  of  New 
Vineyard,  Me. ;  r.  Hampton,  111.  5.  Eliza  Jane,  m.  a 
Webster  ;  r.  Hampton,  111.  6.  Augustus,  m.  Mary  Sanford; 
r.  Bath.  7.  Dudley.  8.  Harriet ;  r.  Thomaston.  —  III. 
Nathaniel,  b.  July  21,  1796;  m.  Hannah  Miller,  March  5, 
1820;  r.  Jefferson.  —  IV.  Love,  b.  July  26,  1798;  m., 
April  24,  1831,  Seth  Miller;  and  d.  Nov.  28,  1838;  c. — 
V.  Eiiza,  b.  May  3,  1800;  m.,  Nov.  13,  1818,  John  Stevens  ; 
and  d.  June  5,  1837.  —  VI.  Jane  W^est,  b.  May  25,  1802  ; 
m.  Stephen  Carriel,  in  1827.  —  VII.  Lydia,  b.  April  26, 
1804;  d.  Feb.  12,  1835;  u.  —  VIII.  John,  b.  March  8, 
1806;  d.  of  consumption,  April  8,  1828.  —  IX.  Edward, 
b.  Feb.  19,  1808;  m.  Eliza  Gilchrist;  r.  Montville.  —  X. 
Caroline,  b.  June  30,  1810;  d.  July  3,  1810.— -XL  Harriet, 
b.  July  8,  1811  ;  m.  Dec.  22,  1833,  William  C.  Jackson.  — 
XII.  Caroline,  b.  July  10,  1813;  m.,  1835,  Leander  Mar- 


TOBEY.  —  WALCOTT.        '  613 

tin;  r.  Jefferson.  —  XIII.  Leander,  b.  Sept.  17,  1815;  m. 
Harriet  Bagley  ;  r.  Montville  ;  c. 

.  Walcott,  Penty,  Pente,  or  Pentecost;  t.  1797; 
from  Attleborough ;  died  March  4,  1844  (son  of  Pente- 
cost); m.,  first,  1801,  Elizabeth  Matthews,  from  Warren ; 
and,  second,  1840,  Eliza  Standish,  who  afterwards  m.  Ben- 
jamin Clark,  and  d.  in  Union,  August,  1850;  ch.  —  I. 
Elizabeth,  b.  May  3,  1805;  m.  Parker  Messer. — II.  Han- 
nah, b.  Jan.  27,  1802;  m.  Elijah  House,  of  Washington,  in 
1832(?).  — III.  Katherine,b.  Sept.  21,1809;  m.,  1830,  Cor- 
nelius Spear,  of  Warren ;  r.  Searsmont.  —  IV.  Robert,  b. 
April  9,  1813;  d.  June  11,  1814.  — V.  Lydia,  b.  Sept.  21, 
1809;  m.,  Dec.  5,  1830,  Charles  Hibbard.— VI.  Mary,  b. 
March  21,1815. 

Walcott,  Spencer,  nephew  of  Penty,  and  son  of  Moses 
and  Mary  (?)  (Blackington)  Walcott;  t.  1791  ;  settled  north 
of  William  Hart;  b.  at  Attleborough,  Mass.,  May,  1767  ; 
d.  Sept.  22,  1826  ;  m.  Hannah,  b.  at  Attleborough,  Aug.  15, 
1774,  dr.  of  David  Woodcock.  She  m.,  second,  Dec.  2, 
1830,  widower  Deacon  Robert  Thompson,  who  d.  in  Hope, 
1849.  Descendants,  —  I.  Sarah,  b.  June  30,  1792  ;  d.  Oct. 
7,  1836,  in  Searsmont;  m.,  March  18,  1813,  Sylvanus 
Hemenway  ;  and  left  Cyrus  Thomas^  Bickford  Nelson,  Al- 
zina  Walcott,  Avis  Walcott,  Gustavits  Adolphus,  Rebecca 
Matthews,  Anson  Bartlett,  Gardner  Ludwig.  —  II.  Fanny, 
b.  Aug.  6,  1795;  m.,  March  16,  1818,  John,  s.  of  George 
Bowes,  of  Washington,  a  farmer  and  weaver  from  England, 
or  perhaps  from  the  Isle  of  Man ;  and  had  Spencer  George, 
whose  w.  was  Louisa ;  Norris  Piper,  d.  ;  Joseph  Henry ; 
John  ;  Hannah  ;  Elizabeth,  d.  Feb.  1847  ;  Mary  Ann  ; 
Moses  Walcott ;  Avis  Hills.  —  III.  Rebecca,  b.  March  23, 
1797;  m.,  1819,  Morrill  Matthews,  of  Searsmont;  and  had 
Albert  Dillingham,  Noah  Morrill,  Daniel,  Spencer  Wal- 
cott, Sanford  Hills,  Adolphits,  Avis  Hills,  James  Bow- 
doin.—lY.  Avis,  b.  Sept.  3,  1799  ;  m.,  first,  Sanford  Hills, 
and,  second,  Geo.  Cummings.  —  V.  Vyna,  b.  July  19,  1801; 
m.,  July  9,  1823,  Bickford  C.  Matthews,  of  Searsmont;  and 
had  Jane  Bishop,  Hannah  Mary,  Lois  Manning,  Anas- 
tasia  Rebecca,  Noah  Morrill,  Sarah  Frances. — VI.  Moses, 
b.  Oct.  21  [or,  according  to  town-record,  Oct.  9],  1804;  m., 
first,  June  3,  1828,  Mary  Chase,  dr.  of  Nathaniel  Robbins ; 
c. ;  r.  Washington;  and,  second,  m.,  early  in  1850,  Mary^ 
44 


614  FAMILY  REGISTER. 

widow  of  Andrew  Suchfort,  and  dr.  of  Isaac  Witliam. — VII. 
Spencer,  b.  March  11,  1807  ;  r.  homestead ;  m..  May  6,  1830, 
Esther,  b.  in  Littleton,  Mass.,  April  18, 1807,  dr.  of  Joseph 
and  Betsey  (Pike)  Dedman;  and  has  1.  Hannah,  b.  Jan.  30, 
1831.  2.  Loana  Maria,  b.  June  10,  1835.  3.  Mary  Adams, 
b.  May  6,  1837.  4.  Sanford  Hills,  b.  April  7,  1839.  5. 
Joseph  Dedman,  b.  April  20,  1841.  6.  Martha  Clotilda,  b. 
Jnly  23,  1849. —VIII.  Alzina,  b.  Nov.  15,  1808  ;  m.  Ste- 
phen S.  Hawes.  —  IX.  Manning,  b.  April  18, 1813 ;  m.,  Sept. 
12,  1837,  Mary,  dr.  of  Herman  Hawes  ;  and  had  1.  Herman 
Hawes,  b.  Aug.  3,  1838.    2.  Edgar  Hartley,  b.  May  6,  1842. 

Walkek,  Daniel,  son  of  Asa  and  Sarah  (Burbank) 
Walker,  b.  at  Ashby,  March  18,  1774;  came  to  Union  in 
1797;  m.,  June  2  or  10,  1799,  Fanny,  dr.  of  Jacob  and 
Hannah  (Jones)  Booth,  of  Gloucester,  R.  I.,  b.  Nov.  16, 
1778,  in  IJxbridge,  Mass;  settled  in  the  north-west  part  of 
the  town  ;  ch.  —  I.  Hannah,  b.  June  2,  1800  ;  d.  July  23, 
1805.  — II.  Anna,  b.  Nov.  14,  1802;  m.  John  Dyer. — 
III.  Fanny,  b.  Aug.  16,  1806;  m.  Sept.  4,  1828,  Benjamin 
Achorn;  had  ch.  —  IV.  Hannah,  b.  Sept.  30,  1808;  m., 
Nov.  15,  1835,  Shadrach  Snell.  —  V.  Asa,  b.  Oct.  6, 1810  ; 
m.,  1832,  Ruth  Lermond,  of  Bremen  ;  has  ch.  — VI.  Daniel, 
b.  March  28,  1813 ;  m.  Lydia  Prior,  of  Bremen;  had  ch. 

John  Walkek,  br.  of  Daniel,  b.  at  Ashby,  Mass.,  March 
23,  1776  ;  came  to  Union  in  1798  ;  m.,  Jan.  1,  1802,  Sarah, 
or  Sally,  Bowen  ;  ch.  — I.  Nathan,  b.  Oct.  22,  1802;  m., 
Nov.  13,  1841,  Emeline  Amanda  Mills,  of  Natick,  b.  Sept. 
19,  1807;  r.  Woodburn,  111.  ;  and  has  1.  John  Oscar,  b. 
March  6,  1845  ;  2.  Charles  Emmett,  b.  Dec.  22,  1847.  — II. 
Julia,  or  Juliana,  b.  March  3,  1805  ;  m.  Godfrey  Miller,  Dec. 
26, 1830,  b.  at  Waldoborough,  March  10, 1799  ;  r.  Washing- 
ton; and  had  1.  Nathan  Walker,  b.  Dec.  24,  1831.  2.  Ever- 
son  Rider,  b.  April  29,  1833.  3.  Helen  Arethusa,  b.  April 
23,  1836.  4.  John  Walker,  b.  Oct.  4,  1838.  5.  Sarah  Eli- 
zabeth, b.  May  20,  1841.  6.  Moses  Donnel,  b.  March  7,  1844. 
7.  A  child,  b.  Nov.  29,  1846.  —  III.  Mary,  or  Polly,  b.  Dec. 
11,  1807;  m.,  Jan.  30,  1848,  Levi  Butler.  — IV.  Esther 
Bowen,  b.  June  5,  1810  ;  d.  Nov.  17,  1837  ;  m.,  Sept.  11, 
1834,  Josiah  Eley,  in  Nansemond  County,  Va.,  b.  at  Isle 
of  Wight  County,  Va.,  Oct.  22,  1798;  and  had  Sarah  E.  C, 
b.  Sept.  13,  1835. —V.  Sarah,  or  Sally,  Bowen,  b.  Sept. 
27,  1813;  m.,  Sept.  11,  1839,  her  sister  Esther's  husband; 


WALKER.  —  WARE.  615 

c._VI.  John,  b.  April  29,  1817;  u.  — VII.  Elizabeth,  b. 
May  15,  1823. 

Ware,  Jason,  b.  at  Franklin,  Mass.,  March  10,  1756 ;  d. 
May  11,  1843;  m.,  first,  Sept.  16,  1782,  Polly,  dr.  of  Ste- 
phen Peabody,  from  Saccarappa,  then  living  in  Warren,  b. 
April  11,  1756,  d.  March  5,  1815;  and,  second,  April  16, 
1817,  Sally  Severance,  b.  April  21,  1770,  d.  April  3,  1849. 
His  ch.  were  — I.  Greenleaf,  b.  Aug.  22,  1783  ;  d.  Sept.  29, 
1802.  —  II.  Peggy,  b.  Dec.  9,  1784;  m.  Alford  Butters, 
July  18,  1804,  who  moved  to  Ohio,  and  d. ;  ch.  1.  Rachel, 
b.  May,  1805;  d.  1811.  2.  Alford,  b.  May  11,  1807;  r. 
Ohio.  — III.  Polly,  b.  July  8,  1787  ;  m.  Nathan,  s.  of  Reu- 
ben Hills,  July  9,  1807  ;  and  had  1.  Vinal,  b.  July  27, 1808  ; 
m.  Cordelia,  dr.  of  John  C.  and  Berintha  Bobbins  ;  r.  North- 
port.  2.  Isaac,  b.  April  23,  1811  ;  m.  Eliza  Hall,  of  Gush- 
ing;  and  had  (1).  Lysander,  b.  July  4,  1834;  (2).  Syl- 
vanus,  b.  Nov.  26,  1836.  3.  Mary,  b.  Oct.  3,  1813;  d. 
March  10,  1814.  4.  Polly,  b.  March  2,  1815;  m.,  1836, 
Nathaniel  K.  Burkett ;  and  had  (1).  Isaac  H.,  b.  Aug.  24, 
1835;  (2).  Oscar  A.,  b.  May  15,  1837;  (3).  Mary  A., 
b.  March  27,  1840;  (4).  Ellen  Matilda,  b.  April  5, 
1842  ;  and  others.  5.  Nancy,  b.  April  30,  1817;  m.  a 
Clary,  of  Jefferson.  6.  Nathan,  b.  Sept.  26,  1820;  m. 
Mary  Severing,  of  Knox;  and  had  (1).  Estelle,  b.  Nov.  23, 
1844;  (2).  Marjett,  b.  Dec.  31,  1846.  7.  Caroline,}). 
July  11,  1823.  8.  Silas,  b.  March  29,  1826.  9.  Lavinia, 
b.  April  21,  1828.  10.  Matilda,  b.  April  18,  1831.  — IV. 
Vinal,  b.  July  9,  1789  ;  m.,  Nov.  3,  1825,  Lavinia  Anthony, 
dr.  of  Matthias  Hawes  ;  ch.  1.  Harriet  Miranda,  b.  April  1, 
1833;  2.  Erastus,  b.  Sept.  27,  1834.  — V.  Mela,  b.  Dec.  1, 
1791  ;  d.  Dec.  3,  1791.— VI.  Chloe,  b.  Nov.  5, 1793  ;  m., 
Jan.  19,  1817,  Isaac,  s.  of  Reuben  Hills;  ch.  1.  Jason,  b.  Dec. 
12,  1817.  2.  Harriet,  b.  Aug.  22,  1819.  3.  Cyrus,  b.  June  7, 
1823;  d.  Sept.  18  [or  gravestone,  19],  1824.  4.  Rufus  Phi- 
lander, b.  July  21, 1825.  5.  Miranda,  b.  June  22,  1828  ;  d. 
Sept.  28,  1828.  —  VII.  Susa,  or  Susanna,  b.  June  19,  1795; 
d.  Jan.  2, 1796.  —VIII.  Jabez,  b.  July  3, 1798 ;  m.,  April  24, 
1823,  Chloe  Titus;  r.  Northport;  and  had  1.  Sarah  Melinda, 
b.  Sept.  26,  1824  ;  d.  Oct.  19,  1848.  2.  Rhohe  Ann,  b.  May 
26,  1826.  3.  Chloe  Elvira,  b.  June  26,  1828.  4.  Mary  Mi- 
randa, b.  Aug.  26,  1830.  5.  Eliza  Mansfield,  b.  Feb.  9, 
1833.  6.  Catharine  Hatch,  b.  Feb.  11,  1835.  7.  Jason, 
b.  Jan.  27,  1837.     8.  Eunice  Augusta,  b.  June  3,  1839;   d. 


616  FAMILY  KEGISTER. 

June  11,  1839.  9.  Harriet  Amelia,  b.  June  23,  1840.  10. 
Horace  Lorenzo,  b.  May  31,  1842.  11.  Jalez  Gilbert,  b. 
July  10,  1844. 

West,  George,  sea-captain,  b.  Marcb  17,  1744;  d. 
Sept.  4,  1800,  from  voluntary  starvation ;  ^  m.  Mary  Chase, 
of  Martha's  Vineyard,  b.  June  11,  1749,  d.  May  17,  1802. 
During  several  of  the  last  days  of  his  life,  he  retained  his 
senses,  but  was  too  feeble  to  speak,  and  conveyed  his  ideas 
by  making  signs.  —  I.  Peter,  sea-captain ;  m.  Sarah  Dag- 
gett ;  r.  and  d.  Martha's  Vineyard.  —  II.  Peggy,  m.  Lot 
Luce,  a  sea-captain;  r.  and  d.  Martha's  Vineyard.  —  III. 
Mary,  b.  Dec.  11,  1772  ;  d.  Aug.  27,  1832  ;  m.  JohnTobey. 
—  IV.  Lovey,  m.  Nathaniel  Robbins.  —  V.  George  Wash- 
ington, m,,  Oct.  21,  1798,  Hannah  Fairbanks;  moved  to 
Ohio,  and  subsequently  still  further ;  had  1.  Charles,  b.  May 
9,  1801.  2.  Mary,  b.  Sept.  9,  1803.  3.  Lovey,  b.  July 
22,  1806.  4.  Elvira,  b.  April  5,  1809.  5.  Sarah,  b. 
May  7,  1812.  8.  George  Washington,  b.  Jan.  9,  1815. — 
VI.  Thomas,  m.  Sally  Spalding ;  r.  Martha's  Vineyard,  and 
lately  moved  West.  —  VII.  Jane,  m.  David  Grafton,  Dec. 
31,  1804  ;  and  d.  June  4,  1814,  aged  twenty-nine  years  four 
months;  had  1.  George,  b.  March  18,  1806.  2.  John,  b. 
June  29,  1807  ;  m.  Webb  ;  r.  Warren.  3.  David,  b.  Oct.  2, 
1808.  4.  Thomas  West,  b.  Sept.  3,  1810.  5.  Lydia,  b. 
Dec.  4,  1811.  6.  Peter  West,  b.  Jan.  2,  1813.  7.  Jane 
West,h.  Feb.  18,  1814. 

Wight,  John  M.,  b.  Wrentham,  now  Foxborough, 
Mass. ;  m.  Lavinia  Morse,  Jan.  20, 1793  ;  was  here  in  1787. 
He  was  in  the  army,  where  it  is  said  he  was  whipped.  He 
taught  school  near  the  head  of  Tolman  Pond,  and  it  seems 
eloped  with  the  wife  of  his  landlord.  The  Thomaston  town- 
records  say,  "Daniel,  b.  April  18,  1793.  James  Ware,  b. 
Oct.  29,  1795.  Henry  M.,  b.  March  15,  1798.  And,  on 
the  sixth  day  of  December,  1799,  the  above-named  John  M. 
Wight  went  away,  and  left  his  wife,  his  family,  and  this 
part  of  the  country ;  and,  after  his  departure,  his  wife  bare 
twins,  viz.  Charles  and  Ormond,  b.  March  9,  1800." 

Woodcock,  David,  b.  at  Attleborough,  Mass. ;  moved 
from  Medway  to  Union;  d.  Dec.  9,  1790,  in  his  forty-ninth 
year;   lived  on  the  mill-farm;   m.,  Sept.  17,  1765,  Abigail 

*  Widow  Moody,  aged  «ixty-two,  died  in  the  same  way,  April  11, 
1809. 


WOODCOCK.  —  WYMAN.  517 

Holmes,  who  d.  Sept.  25,  1823,  aged  eighty-four;  and  had 
—  I.  Benjamin,  b.  Oct.  16,  1766;  d.  Feb.  9,  1768.  — II. 
David,  b.  Oct.  23,  1771 ;  m.  in  the  winter  of  1794-5,  Affa 
Peabody;  and  had  1.  Dexter  Hatch,h.  Sei^t.  11,1195.  2. 
Nancy,  b.  Oct.  29,  1796.  3.  David,  b.  Aug.  26,  1798. 
4.  Rufus,  b.  Sept.  26,  1800.  5.  John,  b.  Nov.  25,  1801  ; 
m.,  1824,  Lucy  H.  Tyler,  of  Leominster,  Mass.  ;  and  had 
Jane  Sophia,  b.  June  27,  1825  ;  r.  at  the  Eastward.  6. 
Polly,  b.  May  16,  1803;  m.  Benjamin  Gowen.  —  III.  Han- 
nah, b.  Aug.  15,  1774  ;  m.  Spencer  Walcott.  —  IV.  Lynday, 
b.  Jan.  27,  1777;  m.,  1794-5,  William  Peabody;  r.  East- 
ward.—V.  Nancy,  b.  March  23,  1779;  m.,  Oct.  13,  1796, 
Samuel  Tiift,  of  Thomaston,  and  moved  to  Attleborough.  — 
VI.  Theodore,  b.  Jan.  12,  1786;  r.  and  d.  Searsmont ;  m. 
Rebecca  Packard. 

Wyman,  John,  t.  1796  ;  fiddler,  carpenter;  lived  at  the 
west  part  of  the  town ;  worked  with  Charles  Barrett  on 
locks  and  canals  ;  moved  East ;  fiddled  for  a  company  ;  com- 
plained of  being  unwell,  lay  down,  and  d.  immediately. 


44* 


519 


GENERAL    INDEX. 


Abbot,  pages  253,  304,  319,  431, 
499. 

Abrams,  Susman,  a  Jew,  74,  110, 
127,  154,  492. 

Achorn,  83,  85,  91,  308,  514. 

Adams,  75,  76,  83,  90,  196,  223, 
305,  307,  327,  490,  492. 

Adams,  Ebenezer  Ward,  75,  202. 
Family  of,  75,  88,  201,  430.  In 
office,  122,  123,  127,  129,  254, 
305,  306.  Military  notices  of, 
339,  378. 

Adams,  Eunice,  teacher,  294. 

Adams,  Joel,  Capt.,  42,  51,  57,  69, 
114,  152,  258,  259,  304,  338, 
490.  An  early  settler,  46.  His 
marriage  and  family,  49,  64,  67, 
75,  430.  On  committees,  60, 
143-145,    164,    192,  195,    302- 

304.  In  office,  117-120,  123, 
127.  Methodist,  194-196.  His 
petition  to  the  legislature,  262. 
In  the  army,  328. 

Adams,  John  and  Peter,  and 
others,  94,  118,  232,  250,  270, 

305,  307,  308,  339,  377,  471, 
473,  494,  508,  509. 

Adams,  Ward,  and  family,  83, 430. 

Agassiz,  Louis,  Prof.,  56. 

Aglar,  Nathaniel  K.,  78. 

Aikin,  434. 

Alden,  Ebenezer,  74,  109,  111, 
112,  114,  134,  154,  201,  226, 
249.  His  family,  74,  82,  430. 
In  office,  120,  128,  306.  On 
committees,  195,  199,  233,  290. 
Coroner,  254.    Postmaster,  255. 

Alden,  Ed.,  Dr.,  82,  225,  322,  431. 

Alden  Lyman,  29,  225,  227,  308, 
399.    His  family,  85,  431. 

Alewives,  55^  420. 


Alexander,  Timothy,  96. 
Alford,  76,  194,  195,  197. 
Allen,  75,  177,  458,  462. 
Ames,  John,  495, 
Amory,  landowners,  42,  65,  143- 

145,  276,  431. 
Anderson,  and  Anderson  party, 

27-31,  59,  105,  387,  390,  394. 
Andr6,  John,  327. 
Andrews,  81,  85,  307,  377,  433, 

434,  470,  505. 
Annapolis,  Nova  Scotia,  477. 
Apples,  107. 
Arnold,  92,  452,  453. 
Aroostook  War,  377. 
Articles  of  Faith,  173. 
Ashcraft,  Nathan  B.,  Rev.,  219. 
Assessors,  119. 
Athearn,  Rebecca,  444,  445. 
Attleborough,  Mass.,  65^  69,  71, 

451,  469,  516.  ^ 

Audubon,  J.  J.,  99. 
Avery,  33,  511. 
Ayer  and  Ayers,  220,  323,  364, 

367,  483. 

B. 

Babb,  George,  250. 
Babbidge,  Benjamin,  500. 
Bachelder,  Benjamin,  and  others, 

92,  223,  323,  472. 
Bachelder,  Cyrus   G.,  117,  225, 

226,  307,  342. 

Bachelder,   John,   75,    116,   223, 

227,  306.  Family  of,  75,  92, 
327,  447,  454.  Town-clerk, 
117.  Military  officer,  342,  351, 
353.     Court-martialled,  362. 

Bachelder,  Lewis,  and  family, 
76,  96,  223,  225,  227,  280,  306, 
479.  Military  officer,  338,  342. 
At  the  muster,  355, 361.  Court- 


520 


GENERAL  INDEX. 


martialled,  364.  Proposition 
to  re-elect  him,  373. 

Bachelder,  Nathan,  76,  223,  225, 
226,  280,  290,  306-308,  341. 
Family  of,  92.  Selectman,  118. 
Justice,  254.  Captain,  342, 
374. 

Bachelder,  Nathaniel  Q.,  96,  327, 
479. 

Bachelor,  Nathaniel,  Capt.,  43, 
201,  223,  225,  226,  305,  306, 
His  family,  75,  431,  479.  Offi- 
ces held  by,  118,  280.  On  com- 
mittees, 170,  198,  289,  304. 
Representative,  248,  249.  Jus- 
tice, 252. 

Bachelor's  Mills,  2,  11,  28,  288, 
391,  467. 

Bacon,  William,  486. 

Bagley,  Harriet,  513. 

Bailey,  George,  249. 

Baker,  Joseph  and  Samuel,  Rev., 
219. 

Balkam,  Uriah,  Rev.,  and  family, 
32,  215. 

Ball,  Daniel,  455. 

Band,  326. 

Banister,  320. 

Bank-tax  for  schools,  311. 

Baptists  and  societies,  194,  195, 
197,  220. 

Barber,  506. 

Barbour,  Elizabeth,  476. 

Barker,  84,  86,  308,  457, 483,  505. 

Barley,  105. 

Barnard,  75,  88,  120,  197,  226, 
280,  307,  308,  328,  442,  476, 
493,  505. 

Barns,  built,  39,  41.    Burnt,  43. 

Barrett,  74,  92, 113,  317,  320,  461, 
517. 

Barrett,  Amos,  Capt.,  19,  129, 
154,  201,  237,  303.  On  com- 
mittees, ISO,  163,  164,  166,  167, 
169, 170, 195,  303.  In  Concord 
battle,  328.  Family  of,  431. 
His  houses  burnt,  447. 

Barrett's  Pond,  3. 

Barrett's  Town,  68,  113,  276,488. 

Barter,  George,  445. 

Bartlett,  74,  120,  304,  306,  435, 
439,  463,  485,  488,  489,  499, 
604. 


Barton,  500. 

Bates,  Nancy,  471. 

Baum,  Col.,  449. 

Baxter,  F.  W.,  Rev.,  226,  305. 

Bayley,  Kiah,  Rev.,  172,  178,  182, 

191. 
Beals,  Samuel,  456. 
Bean,  225,  485,  502,  507. 
Beard,  506. 
Bears  hunted  and  killed,  36,  395, 

502. 
Beauchamp,  John,  22. 
Beavers,  411. 
Becket,  110,  249,  253. 
Bees,  418. 

Belden,  Jonathan,  Rev.,  189,  208. 
Belknap,  John,  389. 
Bell,  the,  135,  226. 
Bemis,  74,  96. 
Benner,  349,  442.      • 
Bennet,  154,  201,  324,  486,  489. 
Bernard,  Isaac,  Dr.,  294,  321. 
Beveridge,  81,  256,  454,  456. 
Bewitched  horse,  228. 
Bickford,  Sally,  606. 
Bigelow,  Asaph,  455. 
Biguyduce,  47,  71,  258,  334. 
Billings,  Caleb  O.,  441. 
Bills,  75,  96,  127,  349,  438,  508. 
Bird,  Nancy,  or  Agnes,  467. 
Bishop,  436,  497. 
Blackbirds,  416. 
Black  land,  98,  391. 
Blackington,  79,  122,  306,  513. 
Blacksmithing,  early,  43,  56,  58, 

464. 
Blake,  462,  468,  482. 
Blake,  Nathan,  113,  467.    Offices 

held  by,    118,    252.     Motions 

made  by,   165,   166,  169.     On 

committees,  167-170,  192,  195, 

290,  302-304.      His  complaint 

against  Hills,  181.     His  family, 

432. 
Blake,   "Walter,  and  family,   75, 

86,  127,  128,  249,  292,  305,  307. 

On  committees,  132,  156,  164, 

198.     Justice,  263. 
Blanchard,  192,  339,  433. 
Blood,  95,  465,  470,  486,  493. 
Blunt,  Ebenezer,  in  office,  63, 119, 

121, 122, 124,  306.    His  famUy, 

76,  87,  133,  433. 


GENERAL   INDEX. 


521 


Blunt,  Henry,  and  family,  76, 
223,  249,  250,  305,  433.  As- 
sessor, 120,  121.  On  commit- 
tees, 133,  198,  292,  304. 

Boating,  277. 

Boggs,  14,  35,  452,  459,  470. 

Boggs,  Calvin,  and  family,  80, 
128,  308. 

Boggs,  Life  W.,  76,  339,  380. 

Boggs,  Samuel,  25,  386,  390,  411. 
Escapes  from  Indians,  26. 

Boggs,  William,  76,  120,  127, 
140,  195. 

Boggs's  Landing,  30. 

Boody,  Benjamin  and  Ann,  471. 

Books  used  in  schools,  295,  309. 

Boomer,  J.  B.,  Rev.,  and  Nancy 
M.,  471. 

Booth,  76,  196,  449,  458. 

Bosworth,  146,  494. 

Boundaries,  1,  62.  French  and 
English,  22. 

Bowen,  Ezra,  and  others,  42,  64, 
75,  117,  130,  143,  194,  195,  197, 
258,  259,  317,  434. 

Bowen,  Isaac,  Dr.,  and  family, 
318,  322,  434. 

Bowes,  127,  317,  513. 

Bowker,  S.,  Rev.,  and  family,  82, 
128,  216,  251,  305. 

Bowker  Brook,  3,  37,  401. 

Bowley,  134,  454,  467. 

Bowman,  Lydia,  473. 

Boyd,  482. 

Boyden,  Justus,  434. 

Boynton,  William,  451. 

Brackett,  94,  322. 

Bradbury,  J.  W.,  Hon.,  320. 

Bradford  genealogy,  477. 

Bradstreet,  476,  505. 

Brass  band,  326. 

Bray,  S.,  Rev.,  219,  474. 

Brazier,  Susan,  487. 

Breck,  76,  444,  475. 

Brett,  Pliny,  Rev.,  219. 

Brick,  330,  459. 

Bride's  dowry,  53,  503. 

Bridges,  40,  61,  287. 

Briggs,  79,  177,  219,  458,  489. 

Bristol,  58,  433,  434,  469. 

Britton,  James  B.,  Rev.,  316. 

Broad,  506. 

Brown,  75,  76,  83,  90,  94,  95, 127, 


196,  226,  252,  325,  364,  442, 
460,  484,  505,  509. 

Brown,  John,  Dr.,  323,  460. 

Brown,  John  Carter,  library  of,  2. 

Brown,  Jonathan,  and  family,  347, 
434. 

Browning,  Charles  L.,  Rev.,  220. 

Bruce,  Abigail,  94. 

Bryant,  76,  94, 133,  280,  306,  440, 
474. 

Bryant, Benjamin,  Rev.,  andfami- 
ly,  96,  220. 

Bryant,  Joseph,  and  family,  76, 
91,  307,  504. 

Bulfinch,  John,  252,  304,  319. 

Bullen,  74,  223. 

Bump,  77,  196,  250,  306,  314,  487. 

Bunker  Hill  battle,  33,  328,  333. 

Bunting,  140,  236,  304,  347. 

Burbank,  Sarah,  514. 

Burgess,  Peter,  Rev.,  220.  Fami- 
ly of,  434. 

Burgoyne's  surrender,  42, 43,  329. 

Burials,  135. 

Burkett,  75,  83,  84,  112,  226,  327, 
515. 

Burns,  76,  90,  91,  94,  226,  251, 
307,  442,  444,  469,  479,  487. 

Burroughs,  82. 

Burton,  85,  251,  483. 

Burton,  Benjamin,  Col.,  38,  41, 
335. 

Burying- grounds,  18,  19,  130. 

Butler,  75,  79,  80,  86,  90,  127, 
474,  508. 

Butler,  Christopher,  67, 145,  146, 
148.  151,  152,  164,  291.  In 
office,  119,  126,  127,  129.  Me- 
thodist, 194,  196.  His  family, 
435. 

Butler,  E.  N.,  family  of,  90. 

Butler,  George  W.,  and  family, 
86,  127,  437. 

Butler,  Gorham,  and  family,  74, 
79,  194,  196,  435. 

Butler,  Gorham,  and  family,  78, 
432,  435,  447. 

Butler,  Jedidah,  444. 

Butler,  Jeruel,  87,  280,  438. 

Butler,  John,  30,  144,  258,  259, 
288,  289,  419.  With  Dr.  Tay- 
lor, 30,  32,  34.  His  marriage 
and  family,   43,    64,  436.      In 


522 


GENERAL   INDEX. 


office,  125,  126,  129.  Hun- 
ter, 397. 

Butler,  John,  74,  194,  196,  217, 
306.     His  family,  74,  79,  435. 

Butler,  John,  75,  437. 

Butler,  John,  family  of,  78,  436. 

Butler,  Joseph,  126,  194,  196. 
Family  of,  436. 

Butler,  Matthias,  family  of,  86. 

Butler,  Phinehas,  25,  39,  258,  259, 
411,  425,  427.  With  Dr.  Tay- 
lor, 30,  32,  34,  35.  Kills  a 
bear,  36.  In  the  army,  41,  50, 
329.  Settles  in  town,*50.  His 
wife  and  family,  50,  437. 

Butler,  Phinehas,  and  family,  75, 

86,  127,  129,  306,  308,  437, 
505. 

Butler,  Thomas,  and  family,  76, 

87,  152,  194,  196,  438,  440. 
Butler,  Waldron  S.,  and  family, 

87,  307,  438. 
Butters,  120,  127,  192,  194,  196, 

457,  511,  514. 
Buttman,  Mary  Jane,  507. 
Buxton,  321,  505. 
BuzzeU,  197,  488. 


Camden,  1,  20,  21,  55,  343. 
Camp  at  South  Union,  28,  31,  35, 

387,  411. 
Campbell,  364,  508. 
Camp-meetings,  219. 
Canals,  112. 
Cannon,  347. 

Canterbury,  Wm.  and  Ruth,  497. 
Carkin,  Isaac,  194,  196. 
Carriel,  or  Carroll,  90,  91,  94,  308, 

433. 
Carriel,  Danford,  family  of,   91, 

439. 
Carriel,  David,   and  family,  75, 

201,  439. 
Carriel,  Jonathan,  and  family,  76, 

127,  133,  169,  177,  201,   212, 

302,  304,  439. 
Carriel,  Jonathan,    76,    91,  118, 

201,  305,  439. 
Carriel,  Stephen,  and  family,  90, 

280,    307,    440.      Representa- 
tive, 250. 
Carrigain,  Philip,  Dr.,  321. 


Carrying-places,  391,  393. 
Carting  goods  to  Boston,  112. 
Carver,  Nathan,  194,  195,  197. 
Case,  119,  162,  440. 
Cashman,  3,  42,  164. 
Castine,  334,  346.      See  Biguy- 

duce. 
Caswell,  445. 
Caswell,  Judson,  and  family,  76, 

93,  307,  474. 

Caswell,  William,  and  family,  84, 

94,  122,  128,  307,  473. 
Cat-and-clay  chimneys,  55. 
Cattle,  140. 

Cat-vaughan,  or  Catamount,  408. 

Censuses,  73. 

Cents  and  dollars,  264. 

Chadwick,  Emily,  444. 

Chaffin,  194,  196,  469. 

Chain  on  the  North  River,  328. 

Champlain  explores  the  Penob- 
scot, 20. 

Chapman,  216,  327,  488,  495,  500. 

Charles  I.,  places  named  by,  2,  21. 

Chase,  79,  111,  233,  347,  512, 516. 

Cheney,  Jonathan,  Rev.,  219. 

Child  and  Childs,  197,  464. 

Chimneys,  52,  55. 

Churches  organized,  172,  188. 

Clark  and  Clarke,  76,  87, 129, 192, 
194,  196,  197,  209,  433,  440, 
460,  468,  490,  500. 

Clark,  Asa,  and  family,  441. 

Clark,  Benjamin,  and  family,  94, 
513. 

Clark,  Nathan,  and  family,  95. 

Clark,  Nathaniel,  family  of,  92, 
504. 

Clark,  Walter  W.,  family  of,  93, 
308. 

Clary,  88,  466,  515. 

Cleaveland,  458. 

Clough,  Jeremiah,  194. 

Clouse,  84,  443. 

Cloyce  and  Cloyes,  455,  475. 

Cobb,  76,  83,  127,  481. 

Cobb,  Ebenezer,  75,  116, 139,  223, 
225,  226,  306,  307,  453.  Fami- 
ly of,  75,  82,  83,  452.  In  office, 
124,126.  Builds  a  town-house, 
141,  142.  Licensed,  230.  Jus- 
tice, 253.  Lieutenant,  342, 371, 
372. 


GENERAL   INDEX. 


523 


Cochran,  Thomas,  Rev.,  170. 

Coffin,  Uriah,  146,  441. 

Coggan,  "William,  and  others,  76, 

92,  119-121,  307,  308,  333,  445, 

510. 
Coggswell,  491. 
Colby,  438,  507. 
Cole,  90,  308,  367,  456,  478. 
Collamore,  75,  93,  194,  196,  440, 

.442,458. 
Collectors,  123. 
College-graduates,  163,  167-170, 

318,  471,  479. 
Collier,  93,  482. 
Collins,  82,  135,  430,  437,  456. 
Collins,    Zuinglius,  and    family, 

82,  117,  227,  447,  454. 
Colored  persons,  96,  272, 484,  485. 
Comet,  Wm.  Dicke  and  the,  26. 
Comings.     See  Cummings. 
Commissioners,  highway,  280. 
Common,  the,  1,  19,  136. 
Concord  and  Lexington  battle,  33, 

34,  328,  331,  332. 
Congress,  votes  for  members  of, 

239. 
Conklin,  465,  481. 
Constables,  121. 
Consumption,  remedy  for,  17. 
Cony,  Daniel,  363. 
Cook,  Dr.,  323.    Peggy,  607. 
Coolidge,  Abraham,  330. 
Coombs,  56,  88,  92. 
Cooper,  Sally,  76,  80, 
Copeland,  469,  481. 
Copp,  Susan,  441. 
Copperas,  97. 
Corduroy  roads,  277. 
Coroners,  254. 
Cotterell,  479. 

Councils,  177,  181,  205,  215,  216. 
Court-martials,  362, 364,  366,  375, 

378. 
Covenant,  175. 
Cox,  91,  220,  449. 
Crabtree,  90,  461. 
Craft,  Samuel,  and  family,  472. 
Cranberry  Island,  330,  494. 
Crane,  470,  505. 
Crawford,  6,  28,  445. 
Crawford's    Meadow   and    Pond 

and  River,  3,  4,  6,  19,  334,  335, 

416,  424. 


Creed,  173. 

Cressey,  Anna,  507. 

Croad,  501. 

Crockett,  2,  4,  5,  96,  489. 

Cromett,    or   Crommett,    83,    91, 

121,  490. 
Crooks,  455. 

Crosby,  John  and  Polly,  499. 
Crowell,  82,  85,  453. 
Crows,  416. 
Croxford,  Lydia,  452. 
Cummings,  David,  54,  152,  223, 

306.    Takes  bread,  54.    Familv 

of,  75,  96,  441. 
Cummings,  George,    and   family, 

95,  223,  225,  226,  253,  307,  441. 
Cummings,  Joseph  G.,  and  family, 

96,  441. 

Cummings,  Richard,  38,  115, 152, 
195,  258,  259,  347.  Settler,  38. 
His  grain  burnt,  44.  His  fami- 
ly, 64,  69,  441.  Tanner,  110. 
In  office,  123,  126,  127.  His 
dog,  388,  394.     Hunts,  400. 

Cummings,  Samuel,  family  of,  83, 
308,  441. 

Cummings,  Suell,  and  family,  75, 

88,  307,  442. 
Cunningham,  251,  442,  457. 
Currier,  Sarah,  464. 

Curtis,  82,  88,  451,  466,493,512. 
Cushman,  75,  88,  305,  443. 
Cut-downs,  burning  of,  98. 
Cutler,  Manasseh,  Rev.,  170. 
Cutler,  Nelson,  83,  224-226.     Fa- 
mily of,  83,  320.    In  office,  121, 

122,  124,  280,  307.  Licensed, 
230.  Representative,  250.  Jus- 
tice, 253,  254.  Lawyer,  320. 
Captain,  377. 

Cutter,  216,  505. 
Cutting,  Jane,  192,  209. 

D. 

Daggett,  50,  66,  176,  430,  433, 
438,  482,  508,  510,  516. 

Daggett,  Aaron,  and  family,  66, 
443. 

Daggett,  Brotherton,  and  family, 
66,  76,  94,  111,  133,  444. 

Daggett,  Ebenezer,  158,  445. 

Daggett,  Ebenezer,  and  family,75, 

89,  96,  445. 


524 


GENERAL  INDEX. 


Daggett,  Ebenezer,  Mrs.,  65.   Her 

letter,  70.     Her  family,  470. 
Daggett,  Edmund,  and  family,  76, 

327,  446. 
Daggett,  Elijah,  Dr.,  and  family, 

443. 
Daggett,  John,  of  Attleborough, 

69,  471. 
Daggett,    Jonathan,   and  family, 

129,  444. 
Daggett,  Matthew,  443,  445. 
Daggett,  May  hew  and  Chloe,  of 

Attleborough,  470. 
Daggett,  Samuel,   75,    117,    120, 

127,   133,   168,   169,  267,    303. 

His  bewitched  horse,  228.     In 

the    Jersey    prison-ship,    329. 

His  family,  444. 
Daggett,  Samuel,  and  family,  76, 

95,  122,  133,  307,  445. 
Daggett,  Thomas,    66,   126,   144, 

145,    152,   158,   162,   163,   166, 

176,  445. 
Daggett,  Thomas,    66,   129,  194, 

195,  197,  445. 
Daggett,  William,  and  family,  75, 

209,  307,  444. 
Dakin,  Dr.,  215. 
Dam,  Nancy  Nelson,  462. 
Daniels,   F.  A.,  and  family,  80, 

308,  447. 
Daniels,  Joseph,  and  family,  80, 

308,  447. 
Daniels,  Milton,  and  family,  81, 

225,  307.  447.    , 
Daniels,  Nathan,  and  family,  74, 

80,  154,    201,   446.     In  office, 
118,  120,  306,  307. 

Daniels,  Nathan,  29.     Family  of, 

77,  78,  447. 
Daniels  Brook,  3. 
Davis,  14,  79,  81,  82,  85,  93,  333, 

387,  430,  453,  454,  46,2,   472, 

488,  495,  505. 
Davis,  Isaac,  Capt.,  of  Acton,  328. 
Davis,  Jason,  and  family,  76,  80, 

81,  227,  280,  306,  308,  470. 
Davis,  Mark,  family  of,  81,  447. 
Davis,  Pond,  and  family,  91,  308. 
Davis,  Sterling,   and  family,   76, 

114,  120,  127,  194,  195,  447. 
Davis,  Sterling,  and  family,  80, 
81,  307,  448. 


Davis,   "Wilber,    and  family,   80, 

307,  448. 
Day,  74,  304-307,  432. 
Dean,  79,  438,  450,  500,  501. " 
Dearborn,  Henry,  Gen.,  73. 
Death,  Caleb  and  Abigail,  476. 
Decker,  Capt.,  30. 
Decoster,  88. 
Dedman,  441,  514. 
Deed  of  land  to  Taylor,  32. 
Deer,  388,  389. 
Delusions,  227. 
Demerritt,  Hannah,  437. 
Demuth,  84,  475. 
Devereux,  Nathaniel,  Rev.,  219. 
Dicke,  6,  24,  26,  28,  59,  387. 
Dickey,  75,  84,  90,  95,  113,  464. 
Dike,  497,  498. 
Dillingham,  465. 
Dix,  Sally,  476. 
Dodge,  320,  511. 
Dods,  John  Bovee,  75,  223,  304. 
Doe,  Samuel,  249. 
Dogs  and  dogwhippers,  159,  387, 

392,  394,  403,  411. 
Dole,  34,  494. 
Dollars  and  cents,  264. 
Door  [Dorr,  or  Duer  ?],  449. 
Dorraan,  86,  254,  433. 
Doty,  485,  510. 

Dougherty,  William,  Dr.,  and  fa- 
mily, 201,  321,  469. 
Douglas,  Mass.,  34,  48. 
Douglass,  Hannah,  491. 
Dow,   77,   93.      Rev.  Mr.,    171. 

Sarah,  502. 
Dowry,  bride's,  53,  503. 
Dows,  Joseph,  330. 
Drake,    Amos,    and    family,    78, 

250,  453.     In  office,   126,  304, 

305,  307. 
Drake,  Jesse,  and  family,  74,  82, 

95,  196,  223,  306,  453,  493.  . 
Drake,  John,  and  others,  74,  82, 

122,  123,  154,  194,  196,  223. 
Drummond,  Alexander,  364. 
Drury  and  wife,  455. 
Ducks,  413. 
Dudley,    Albion  S.,  Rev.,  224- 

226,  305. 
Dunbar,  482,  483. 
Dunham,  448. 
Dunning,  John  A.,  376. 


GENERAL  INDEX. 


525 


Dunster,  Henry,  President,  389. 
Dunton,  Chloe,  Mrs.,  and  family, 

25,  39,  82,  414,  427,  452,  488, 

489. 
Durgin,  Joseph,  81. 
Button,  Louisa,  491. 
Dwinell,  Andrus,  435. 
Dyer,    127,    129,    141,    149,    159, 

194,  196,  448,  507. 

E. 

Eagles,  421. 

Eames,  Anna,  455. 

Eastman,  75,  84,  129,   154,  194, 

196,   227,   307,    317,  464,  466, 

471,  504,  507. 
Eaton,  24,  507. 
Ecclesiastical  History,  161. 
Eddy,  Caroline,  430. 
Educational  History,  294. 
Eels,  421. 

Eley,  Josiah,  and  family,  514. 
Elkins,  John,  499. 
Elliott,  Charles,  465. 
Ellis,  177,  209,  446,  482. 
Embargo,  232. 
Emerson,  Noah,  Rev.,  204,  207, 

209. 
Emerton,  511. 
Emery,  320,  499. 
Emmons,  Nathaniel,  Rev.,  57,190. 
Erskine,  434. 

Esensa,  194,  196,  228,  449. 
Estabrook,  J.  H.,  Dr.,  323. 
Esty,  Reuben,  476. 
Evans,  Enoch  B.,  95. 
Everett,  Erastus  D.,  and  family, 

471. 
Everton,  Zeph.,  450. 
Eves,  Emily,  466. 

F. 

Factories,  109. 

Fairbanks,  46,  79,  84,  325,   330, 

450,  452,  474,  476,  508,  516. 
Fairfield,  Lois,  501. 
Fales,  32,  37,  38,  42, 195, 197,  281, 

451, 456,  459, 460, 479, 484, 487. 
Fanning,  505. 

Fargo,  George  W.,  Rev.,  214. 
Farley,  Joseph,  407. 
Farnham,  Dudley,  87. 
Faux,  455. 

45 


Felt,  Joseph  B.,  Rev.,  496,  497. 

Ferguson,  Hannah,  433. 

Fessenden,  S.  C,  Rev.,  216,  217. 

Field,  B.  P.,  319. 

Filer,  88. 

Finnegan.  John,  Rev.,  219. 

Fires  in  the  woods,  99. 

Fish,  Susan,  458. 

Fish  Wardens,  129,  420.     Laws, 

418.     Hawks,  421. 
Fisher,   Eliza,    434.     Rev.   Jabez 

P.,  168.     Nancy,  453.     Mary, 

459.     Peter,  463. 
Fiske,  Jemima,  432. 
Flagg,  S.  A.,  Rev.,  220. 
Flanders,  507. 
Fletcher,  442,  465,  493. 
Flies,  annoving,  56. 
Flint,  459,  497. 
Flitner,  Isaac,  Dr.,  83,  305,  322, 

511. 
Flucker,  Thos.,  28,  29,  33,  50,  61. 
Fobes,  Perez,  Rev.,  167,  169. 
Fogler,  John,  77,   154,  201,  223. 

Ann,  79.    Mary,  192.   Miranda, 

483. 
Fogler,  Charles,  and  family,  54, 

84,   227,   318,  439.      In  office, 

121,  122,  307. 
Follansbee,  Leonard,  77,  306. 
FoUet,  Susanna,  497. 
Food,  scarcity  of,  44,  45,  54,  56, 

67. 
Foote,  Col.,  344. 
Fossett,  16,  84,  93,  94,  122,  458, 

495. 
Fossett,  Henry,  16,  76,  93,  133, 

223,  305,  306. 
Fossetts'  Mills,  3,  111,  256,  469. 
Foster,  Edward,  loyalist,  333. 
Foster,  Robert,  77,  111,  154,  201, 

231,   237,  248,   249,  304,    305, 

333,  345. 
Foster,  Robert  N.,  317. 
Fourth- of- July  celebrations,  236. 
Fox,  Mary  Esther  Jane,  461. 
Foxes,  408. 
Fox  Islands,  named  by  Pring,  20. 

Abandoned,  47,  487. 
Framingham,  Mass.,  109,  320, 321, 

456. 
Franklin,  Mass.,  settlers  from,  41, 

46,  60,  54,  430,  463,  460,  486. 


526 


GENEKAL  INDEX. 


Frary,  Jeanette  Kingsley,  461. 

Frazer,  501. 

French,  James,  320.  Polly,  502. 
Polly,  503.  Daniel  and  Sarah, 
506. 

French  war  expected,  336. 

Freshets,  9. 

Frogs,  12. 

Fruit,  107. 

Frye,  Benj.,  and  family,  93. 

Fuller,  220,  221,  470.  Albert, 
and  family,  89.  Amelia,  84. 
Edmund,  and  family,  505.  Es- 
ther, 470.  Henry  D.,  and  fam- 
ily, 80.  Isaac,  308,  441.  James, 
and  Givens,  442.  John,  339, 
378.  Jonathan,  505.  Rhoda, 
91.  -Rosanna,  87.  Samuel,  and 
family,  76,  91.  Samuel  C,  308. 
Sarah,  469.  Simon,  76,  127, 
193,  306.     Susannah,  433. 

Funerals,  130,  135,  231. 

Furbush,  Keziah,  474. 

G. 

Gage,  506. 

Gallop,  78,  253,  435. 

Gannett,  Benj.  and  Deborah,  478. 

Gardiner,  Robert  H.,  424. 

Gardner,  76,  80,  305,  306,  447. 

Gary,  George,  Rev.,  219. 

Gay,  459,  460,  477.  Abie!  and 
family,  74,  135,  223,  306,  451. 
David,  74,  436.  Elijah,  74, 
223,451.  Elizabeth,  85.  James, 
in  the  army,  347,  451.  John  C, 
and  others,  82.  Jonah,  and 
family,  65,  71,  101,  451.  Mar- 
tha H.,  82.  Mary,  194,  195, 
197.  Mary  F.,  82.  Richard, 
223,  452.    Willard,  76. 

George,  466,  603. 

Getchell,  506. 

Ghentner,  Reuben,  445. 

Gibbs,  Daniel,  434.     John,  455. 

Gilchrist,  Eliza,  512. 

Gillett,  E.,  Rev.,  177,  182,  215. 

Gillmor,  David,  54. 

Gillmor,  David,  and  family,  129, 
136, 138,«149-152,  328, 338, 452. 

Gillmor,  Marcus,  and  family,  74, 
326,  342,  424,  454. 

Gillmor,  Millard,  339,  454. 


Gillmor,  Robert,  491. 

Gillmor,  Rufus,  54,  65,  115,  137, 
138,  147,  152,  154,  201,  225, 
226,  237,  347,  364.  His  fami- 
ly, 74,  82,  453.  Offices  held  by, 
118, 122, 123, 129, 131.  On  com- 
mittees, 146,  149,  151, 164,  288. 
To  purchase  ammunition,  337. 
Military  officer,  339.  Buys  beef, 
346.  Has  tame  cubs,  397.  Takes 
fish,  420. 

Gillmor,  Rufus,  339,  453. 

Oilman,  87,  501. 

Gilmore,  Jonathan,  168. 

Giraldman,  Margaret,  432. 

Glass,  509. 

Gleason,  Aaron,  197,  456. 

Gleason,  Calvin,  and  others,  76, 
95,  120,  127,  132,  133,  222,  250, 
253,  306,  308,  441,  455. 

Gleason,  John,  Cok,  and  family, 
177,  209,  329,  455.  John,  of 
Thomaston,  62. 

Gleason,  Joseph,  28,  223,  227,  308, 
First  settlement  near,  31,  39. 
Family  of,  85,  90,  456. 

Gleason,  Joseph  M.,  family  of, 
94,  455.  In  office,  120-122, 
124,  280. 

Gleason,  Micajah  and  Polly,  and 
family,  77,  154,  201,  306,  324, 
455.  His  fulling-mill,  109. 
Offices  held  by,  118,  203.  On 
committees,  134, 292, 304.  Mili- 
tary, 340. 

Gleason,  Nathan  M.,  and  family, 
92,  455. 

Gleason,  Wm.,  77,  132,  225,  226, 
306,  307.  Censuses  taken  by, 
77.  Family  of,  85, 456.  His  fac- 
tory, 109.  In  office,  121,  122. 
Justice,  253,  254.  On  fish,  420, 
422,  423. 

Goodridge,  501. 

Goodspeed,  Rebecca,  440. 

Goodwin,  254,  446. 

Gordon,  91,  128,  404,  430. 

Gordon,  William,  cited,  23. 

Gore,  Thomas,  Dr.,  304,  322. 

Gough,  Athelinda,  434. 

Gould,  79,  364,  497.  ^ 

Gove,  92,  503. 

Governors,  votes  for,  232,  242. 


GENERAL   INDEX. 


527 


Gowen,  Asa,  and  family,  93,  504. 
Benjamin,  307,  473,  517.  Cy- 
rus, 121.  Elizabeth  H.,  94. 
John,  76,  93,  120,  254,  280,  306. 
John  H.,  and  family,  308,  504. 
Nathaniel  B.,  94.  Rebecca  H., 
93,  209.  William  H.  and  Lou- 
isa A.,  81,  454. 

Graduates.      See  College- gradu- 

Grafton,  196,  339,  347,  442,  509, 
516. 

Grain,  30,  35,  105. 

Grant,  Elizabeth,  505. 

Graves,  Bathsheba,  437. 

Gray,  Mary,  436. 

Greeley,  219,  505,  509. 

Greene,  David,  33. 

Greene,  Joshua  S.,  and  family,  82, 
251,  256,  305.  His  high-school, 
316. 

Grinnell,  Bailey,  and  family,  75, 
126,  152,  194,  196,  457. 

Grinnell,  Hannah,  465. 

Grinnell,  James,  and  family,  75, 
86,  227,  307,  458. 

Grinnell,  Mace  S.,  and  family,  196, 
457. 

Grinnell,Philip,  and  wife,133,457. 

Grinnell,  Richard,  129,  194,  196, 
329. 

Grinnell,  Royal,  55,  68,  129,  194, 
196,  276,  329,  510.  His  fami- 
ly, 5Q,  64,  75,  458.  Takes  sal- 
mon, 420. 

Grist-mills,  41,  55. 

Groton,  378,  443. 

Guild,  Joseph,  65,  117,  145,  267, 
459,481. 

Guns,  on  setting,  395. 

Gurnev,  Kingman,  465. 

Gushee,  165,  443,  453,  489. 

H. 

Hadley,  434,  506. 

Hagar,  Ezekiel,   and  others,   77, 

129,  327,  453.     Hunts,  397. 
Hagar,  John,  and  family,  89,  308. 
Hagar,  Reuben,  and  family,  90, 

227,  469. 
Hagar,  Samuel,  77,  305-307,  495. 
Hagar,   Sewell,   and  family,    89, 

305,  307. 


Hagar,  Thomas,  and  others,  90. 

Hahn,  479. 

Hail,  11. 

Hall,  76,  307,  515. 

Hamlin,  215,  250,  470. 

Hammond,  Dimmis,  485. 

Handay  [Hendee?],  83. 

Hanson,  321,  478,479,  497;  500. 

Harding,  Daniel  F.,  and  family, 
74,  78,  177,  227,  318,  432.  In 
office,  126,  127,  206,  304,  306. 
Candidate  for  representative, 
249,  250.  Justice,  253,  254. 
Lawyer,  319. 

Harding,  Elisha,  Dr.,  74,  223-225, 
227,  304,  305,  307,  380,  452. 
Senator,  247.  Road  commission- 
er, 280.  Lecturer,  316.  Physi- 
cian, 322,  324.  At  the  muster, 
356,  360.     His  familj',  463. 

Harding,  Phillips  C,  77, 135,  223, 
227,  250,  270.  Family  of,  77, 
85.  In  office,  118-120,  306. 
Justice,  254. 

Hardy,  Seeth,  500. 

Harriman,  86,  509. 

Harris  genealogy,  482. 

Harris,  from  England,  483. 

Harris,  Elizabeth,  488. 

Harris,  Obadiah,  and  family,  75, 
87,  127,  128,  225,  250,482. 

Harris,  Thaddeus  William,  on  in- 
sects, 58. 

Hart,  77,  84,  85,  129,  430,  479. 

Hart,  Fisher,  26,  77,  83,  154,  201, 
223,  225,  227,  305-307,  463. 

Hart,  John  F.,  and  family,  26,  29, 
65,  77,  85,  306,  308,  327,  423, 
459.     His  dogs,  411. 

Hart,  Miriam,  Mrs.,  148,  459. 
Caught  in  a  bear-trap,  405. 

Hart,  Stephen,  escapes  from  In- 
dians, 26. 

Hart,  William,  Lieut.,  14,  65,  66, 
101, 129, 201,  338,  412, 448, 513. 
His  family,  77,  85,  459.  En- 
lists men  for  the  French  war, 
336. 

Hartford,  447. 

Harthhorn  and  Hathorne,  435, 
468. 

Harvard  University,  20,  64,  389. 

Harwood,  488,  508. 


528 


GENERAL  INDEX. 


Haskell,  79,  83,  122,  466. 

Hastings,  81,  467. 

Hatch,  George,  444. 

Hathaway,  Elizabeth,  438. 

Hathorne  or  Harthhorn,  435,  468. 

Haverhill,  Mass.,  498,  503. 

Hawes,  464,  482. 

Hawes,  Abijah,  Deacon,  41,  121, 
127,  152,  176,  201,  210,  211, 
259.  Settles,  41.  His  familj^ 
64,  75,  459.  On  committees, 
143,  162, 168.  In  the  army,  328. 

Hawes,  Charles  A.,  and  family, 
78,  122,  463,  511. 

Hawes,  Galen,  and  family,  306, 
317,  462. 

Hawes,  Herman,  8,  47,  62,  201, 
223,  249.  His  family,  75,  96, 
463.  Offices  held  by,  118,  120, 
122,  124,  280,  305,  306.  On 
committees,  198,  292.  Military 
officer,  340.  On  eagles  and 
fishhawks,  421. 

Hawes,  Madison,  cited,  219,  459. 
Family  of,  462. 

Hawes,  Matthias,  7,  152,  305. 
His  account-book  cited,  7,  50, 
51,  58,  107,  161.  His  barn 
struck  by  lightning,  15.  Land 
bought  by,  42.  His  settlement, 
46.  Marriage,  51.  Log-house, 
51.  His  family,  64,  75,  460. 
Offices  held  by,  118,  119,  126, 
129.  On  committees,  130,  143, 
164,  290,  302,  303.  Methodist, 
194, 196, 218.  Exposure  of,  273. 
In  the  revolutionary  army,  328. 

Hawes,  Matthias,  Mrs.,  51,  55,  67, 
460.  Her  dowry,  53.  Visiting, 
278. 

Hawes,  Moses,  25,  152,  157,  258, 
259,  294,  325.  Settles,  47. 
Town-officer,  60,  61,  117,  118, 
119,  121,  122,  129.  On  com- 
mittees, 60,  143,  144,  164,  231, 
268,  302,  303.  His  family,  64, 
462.     In  the  army,  328. 

Hawes,  Moses,  and  family,  87, 
121,  463. 

Hawes,  Noyes  P.,  7,  304,  315, 
317.  His  notices  of  the  town 
cited,  45,  74,  103,  107,  130,309. 
His  family,  462. 


Hawes,  Otis,  and  family,  88,  250, 

251,  307,  317. 
Hawes,  Silas,  and  family,  84,  462. 
Hawes,  Stephen  S.,  and  family, 

38,  96,  120,  121,  225,  227,  251, 

307,  352,  463,  514. 

Hawes,  Whiting,  and  family,  42, 
96,  201,  306,  317,  460. 

Hawes,  William  G.,  and  family, 
96,  119,  121,  225,  226,  307,  463, 
493. 

Hayden,  Angela,  457. 

Heald,  Abigail,  430. 

Healey,  Sally,  435. 

Hearses,  135. 

Heaton,  Isaac,  248,  249. 

Hedding,  Elijah,  Bishop,  466. 

Heisler,  John,  and  family,  80. 

Hemenwaj',  76,  79,  127,  177,  195, 
197,  306,  433,  456,  513. 

Henderson,  Gavinus,  225,  322. 

Hewes,  Solomon,  76,  127,  194, 
196. 

Hewitt,  Hannah,  463. 

Heywood,  Mary,  505. 

Hibbard,  C,  and  family,  92,  307, 
513. 

Hichborn,  Charles,  75,  223. 

Higgins,  Joshua,  Rev.,  220. 

High-schools,  315. 

Highways,  61,  273,  440.  Survey- 
ors, 279.  Compensation  for  work, 
282.    Breaking,  in  winter,  284. 

Hill,  Mary,  457. 

Hilliard,  503. 

Hillman,  Samuel,  Rev.,  219. 

Hills,  85,  96,  127,  128,  464,  471. 

Hills,  Benj.  B.,  and  family,  78. 

Hills,  Cyrus,  Dr.,  322,  464. 

Hills,  Edward,  and  family,  83, 
122,  254,  255,  305,  453. 

Hills,  Isaac,  112,  124,  128,  196, 
306,  307,  317,  464,  515. 

Hills,  Jabez  Fisher,  321,  464. 

Hills,  Joel,  and  family,  317,  464. 

Hills,  Josiah,  and  family,  75,  84, 
464. 

Hills,  Nathan,  and  family,  75,  84, 
194,  196,  223,  225,  230,  290, 
292,  464,  490,  515.  In  office, 
119,   120,  122,  124,    280,  306- 

308.  On  committees,  132,  156. 
Vinal,  307,  315. 


GENERAL   INDEX. 


529 


Hills,  Reuben,  75,  134,  194,  196, 
288,  289,  291,  464. 

Hills,  Reuben,  and  family,  75, 
194,  196,  223,  317,  464. 

Hills,  Samuel,  8,  152,  209,  289, 
321,  400.  His  journal,  8.  In 
want,  55.  Blacksmith,  56,  58, 
464,  His  arrival,  58.  On  com- 
mittees, 60,  136,  144,  162,  164, 
166,  231-233, 251, 267,  303,  304. 
His  family,  64,  77,  464.  In 
office,  119,  121,  123,  126,  127, 
129.  His  opposition  to  Mr. 
True,  172-214.  Writes,  for 
Esensa,  to  Germany,  449. 

Hills,  Samuel,  and  family,  75,  83, 
194,  196,  225,  226,  462,  464. 
Representative,  250. 

Hills,  Sanford,  and  family,  77,  83, 
86,  96,  306,  464. 

Hills'  Mills,  2,  101,  291,  420,  610. 

Hills  Point,  58,  69,  388. 

Hilt,  4,  80,  467. 

Himes,  511. 

Hoar,  Cyrena,  214. 

Hobart,  Peter,  Rev.,  and  Jael,  478, 
479. 

Hobbs,  Josiah,  of  Hope,  63. 

Hodge  and  Hodges,  320,  475^  500. 

Hogs  and  hogreeves,  136. 

Holbrook,  Susanna,  476. 

Holman,  Betsey  Barr,  500. 

Holmes,  57,  64, 464,  484, 487,  517. 

Hook,  Charles,  471. 

Hopkins,  163,  220,  254,  305. 

Hopkinson,  Lydia,  499. 

Hopkinton,  N.H.,  107,  417,  495, 
503. 

Horse,  bewitched,  228. 

House,  450,  513. 

Houses,  first  built,  35,  39.  See 
Log-houses. 

Hovev,  Isaac  C,  and  family,  84, 
327,  462. 

How,  Elizabeth,  455. 

Howard,  43,  76,  80,  89,  195,  479, 
495. 

Howland,  S.  M.,  and  family,  85, 
128. 

Hoyt,  502,  506. 

Hubbard,  Daniel,33.  Rev.  R.,219. 

Hudson,  371. 

Hull,  David,  and  family,  79. 
45* 


Humphrey  and  Humphreys,  164, 

219,  279,  376. 
Hunnewell,  77,  490. 
Hunt,  34,  430,  488,  490. 
Hunter,  Lithgow,  318. 
Hunting,  386.     Matches,  417. 
Hunting,  Timothy,  472. 
Huse,  Jonathan,  Rev.,  171,  206- 

208,212.     His  letter,  171. 
Huse,  Stephen,  and  family,  458. 

I. 

Ide,  469. 

Ilsley,  Horatio,  Rev.,  215,  305. 

Incorporation  of  the  town,  60. 

Indian  doctor,  323. 

Indians,  carried  off  bj''  "Wey- 
mouth, 2.  Names  given  by,  2, 
4,  21.  Notices  of,  23.  Hart's 
and  Boggs's  escape  from  them, 
26. 

Infantry  and  officers,  338.  At 
the  muster,  355. 

Ingraham,  John  H.,  Rev.,  207. 

Irish,  Cornelius  B.,  Rev.,  46,  68, 
127, 194, 196,  218,  249,  250.  His 
family,  75,  88,  465. 

Irish,  Ichabod,  and  family,  67, 
195,  248,  268,  465. 

Irish,  Ichabod,  and  family,  76, 
466. 

Irish,  Joseph,  family  of,  88,  466, 
In  office,  127,  250, 251,  305,  308. 

Irish,  Milton,  in  the  Texan  war, 
348.     His  family,  466. 

Iron- works,  111. 

Isense,  John  Andrew,  450. 


Jackson,  87,  446,  512. 

Jacobs,  201,  347. 

James,  Mrs.,  doctress,  321. 

Jameson,  Samuel,  75.  Eliza  B., 
83.  Ellen,  87.  Maria,  94.  Si- 
lence, 437.  Brice,  441.  Lydia, 
445.  Mary  K.,  457.  Henry, 
and  family,  472.  Deborah,  474. 
Priscilla,  482. 

Jefferson,  Thomas,  President,  232. 

Jellard,  Betsey,  488. 

Jennison,  Ebenezer,  62,  149,  294, 
325,  466.  Offices  held  by, 
118-120,  123,  262,  303. 


530 


GENERAL   INDEX. 


Jennison,  Timothy  L.,  Dr.,  32. 

Jennison,  William,  Dr.,  and  fami- 
ly, 47-50,  61,  64,  275. 

Jewett,  219,  364,  375,  490,  503. 

Jews,  110. 

Johnson,  Alfred,  Rev.,  170. 

Jones,  Benjamin,  Rev.,  219,  220. 

Jones,  250,  489.  Benjamin  L., 
327.  Daniel,  495.  Elizabeth, 
434.  George  H.,  and  family, 
^5.  Hannah,  449.  Lucy  L., 
78.  Mary,  110.  Mary,  481. 
Mary  S.,  470,  492.  Melicent, 
612.    Michael,  495.    Sally,  434. 

Jones,  Edward,  and  others,  110, 
111,  115,  466.  Town-officer, 
117-119,123,126,127,129.  On 
committees,  145,  163,  164,  195, 
231,303-304.  Pew'-owner,  152, 
218.  Methodist,  194,  196.  Re- 
presentative, 247.  Justice,  251, 
252.     To  purchase  stores,  336. 

Jones,  John,  and  family,  75,  82, 
308,  327,  416. 

Jones,  John,  family  of,  93. 

Jov,  Emery  Franklin,  491. 

Judd,  454. 

Justices  of  the  Peace,  251. 


Kahler,  128,  490. 

Kastner,  472. 

Keene,  84,  446. 

Kellar,  441,  492.     See  Kelloch. 

Kellerin,  459. 

Kelloch,  Adam,  435.  Alexander 
and  Mary,  462.  Eliza,  436. 
Elizabeth  Libbey,  472.  Lory, 
459.  Margaret,  441.  Rosanna, 
441.    Silas,  453.     William,  442. 

Kellogg,  Ezra,  Rev.,  219,  220, 249. 

Kellogg,  Samuel  E.,  433. 

Kendrick,  469. 

Kennedy,  Henry,  375. 

Kenniston,  504. 

Kieff,  90,  127,  194,  196,  466. 

Kilgore,  Eveline,  430. 

Kimball,  Daniel,  and  family,  500. 
George,  199,  237,  319.  John 
and  family,  86.  Sarah,  or  Sally, 
444. 

Kinney,  Harriet,  438. 

Kirkpatrick,  Jane,  192. 


Knapp,  463. 

Knight  and  Knights,  488,  500. 

Knowlton,  93,  509. 

Knox,  Henry,  Gen.,  8,   113,   171, 

214,  266,  414. 
Kuhn,  Jacob,  443. 


Labadea,  348,  349. 

Labor  and  money  compared,  286. 

Lair  or  Lehr,  83,  444,  458. 

Lakin,  100,  279. 

Lamb,  Elizabeth,  467. 

Lambert,  Sarah,  500. 

Lambricht,  Dr.,  324. 

Lamson,  Mary,  481. 

Lanfest,  87,  94. 

Law,  76,  77,  89,  90,  176,  209,  306, 
307,  442,  494. 

Lawrence,  76,  81,  126,  510. 

Lawyers,  318. 

Lea,  Robert,  476. 

Leach,  Ambrose,  and  family, 
78,  307.  Samuel,  and  family, 
449.  Waterman,  470.  William 
A.  J.,  91. 

Leathers,  Patty,  439. 

Leavitt,  127,  500. 

Le  Brocke,  Bathsheba,  478,  479. 

Le  Doit,  197,  456,  466. 

Lee,  Jesse,  Rev.,  217. 

Lehr  or  Lair,  83,  444,  458. 

Leland,  65,  67,  276,  456. 

Lennan,  216,  470. 

Lermond,  13,  82,  197,  308,  468, 
514. 

Lermond,  Elbridge,  family  of,  81, 
467.  In  office,  119,  121,  122, 
307.  Senator,  247.  Represen- 
tative, 251. 

Lermond,  John,  and  faijiily,  101, 
467. 

Lermond,  John,  76,  114,  134, 
195,  223,  231,  305.  Family  of, 
76,  81,  467.  Offices  held  by, 
118,  269,  280.  On  committees, 
203,  270,  292,  304.  Represen- 
tative, 247. 

Lermond,  John,  and  family,  81, 
227,  308,  467. 

Lermond,  John  W.,  and  family, 
80,  307. 

Lermond,  William,  13,  76,  195. 


GENERAL   INDEX. 


531 


Lewis,  148,  152,  219,  450,  467. 

Lexington  fight.    See  Concord. 

Libbey,  87,  463,  468,  481. 

Libbev,  Andrew,  and  family,  82, 
117^  305. 

Libbey,  Wm.,  75,  226,  805-307. 

Libraries,  317. 

Light,  443,  458. 

Light-infantry,  237,  340. 

Lightning,  damage  by,  13. 

Lime-casks,  102. 

Lincoln,  11,  16,  87,  430,  490. 

Lindall,  61. 

Lindlev,  John,  and  family,  87, 
280,  468. 

Lindlev,  John  W.,  62,  201,  227, 
248.  His  family,  75,  88,  468.  Of- 
fices held  by,  118-120,  203.  On 
committees,  134,  290,  304,  306. 
Justice,  253,  254.  Military  no- 
tices of,  340,  347. 

Linniken,  76,  85,  248,  485,  510. 

Linscott,  504. 

Litchfield,  Benjamin,  and  family, 
47,  75,  88,  305,  307,  481. 

Litchfield,  Zaccheus,  and  others, 
74,  127,  306,  441,  472,  511. 

Lithgow,  59,  364. 

Little,  John,  74,  84,  102,  111,  114, 
115,  134,  154,  201,  215,  304. 
Town-officer,  117,  120,  126. 
Inn-holder,  158.      Justice,  253. 

Little,  John  M.,  84,  492. 

Littlehale,  George  S.,  and  family, 
81,  473. 

Littlehale,  James,  76,  196,  197, 
226.     In  office,  118,  120. 

Livermore,  Abigail,  455. 

Locke,  John,  64. 

Log-houses,  built,  35,  39,  54. 
Described,  35,  40,  51,  55,  294. 
Crowded,  40. 

Long,  John,  Capt.,  335. 

Looms,  52,  108. 

Loons,  415. 

Lord,  82,  500. 

Loring,  Judith,  437. 

Lothrop,  81,  90,  458. 

Loup-cervier,  412. 

Loyalists,  333,  334. 

Lucas,  75,  87,  91,  194,  458,  473. 

Luce,  Abigail,  479.  Edmund, 
195,  497.     George,  and  family. 


95.  Jeremiah,  196,  468.  Jo- 
seph and  Lydia,  435.  Lot,  516. 
Moses,  and  family,  89,  510. 
Prince,  127,  436,  468.  Rebec- 
ca, 445.  Remember,  89.  Wil- 
liam S.,  307. 

Luce,  Seth,  and  family,  67,  76, 
126,  145,  152,  169,  176,  201, 
209,  468,  489. 

Luce,  Thaddeus,  and  family,  76, 
90,  127, 128,  194,  196,  306,  308, 
456,  468. 

Ludwig,  William,  Col.,  353. 

Lumber,  Eliony,  459,  460. 

Lummus,  Elizabeth,  491. 

Lunt,  480. 

Lyceum,  316. 

Lyon,  Maria,  460.     B.  E.,  227. 

M. 

McAllister,  96,  493. 
McClellan,  John,  471. 
McClintock,  Robert,  318. 
McCurdy,  84,  159,  249,  449,  469. 
McDowell,  170,  248,  250,  482,  492. 
McGray,  William,  Rev.,  219. 
McGregor,  334. 
McGuier,  Robert,  and  family,  29, 

78,  308,  470. 
Mclntyre,  30,  256,  257. 
McKinney,  Caroline,  95. 
McLean,  11,  92,  163,  377. 
McLellan,  Nancy,  481. 
McPheters,  87. 
Maddocks,  75,  87,  113,  196,  328, 

483,  510. 
Maidman,  Martha,  446. 
Maine,  separation  of,  231. 
Malcom,  James,  27. 
Mallard,  Edmund,  111,  198,  232, 

304,  325,  340,  347. 
Mann,  Beriah,  460. 
Mansfield,  Daniel  H.,  450. 
March,    117,    164,    166-168,   176, 

186,  202,  252,  303. 
Marriages,  158. 
Marsh,  Jeremiah,  Rev.,  219. 
Marshall,  Emily,  444. 
Martha's  Vineyard,  66,  67,  516. 
Martin,  Adam,  75,  196,  402,  481. 

Betsey,  444,  485.    Frances,  455, 

Isley,  and  family,  88,  120,  128, 

308,  481.    Leander,  512.    Mar- 


532 


GENERAL   INDEX. 


garet,4:36.  Mary,  493.  Samuel, 
58,  401. 

Mason,  John,  459. 

Mass.  Provincial  Congress,  34. 

Matthews,  436,  489,  513. 

Maxcy,  Benjamin,  and  his  family, 
65,  69,  469. 

Maxcy,  Hervey,  and  family,  70, 
154,  194,  196,  341,  405,  471. 

Maxcy,  Joseph,  65,  66,  69,  116, 
293,  405.  Offices  held  by,  118, 
119.  On  committees,  144,  149, 
170,  264,  302,  303.  Military 
officer,  338.     His  family,  469. 

Maxcv,  Josiah,  65,  194,  405. 
Offi'ces  held  by,  117,  120,  129. 
On  committees,  163,  251,  303, 
304.     Family,  470. 

Maxcy,  Josiah  A.,  80. 

Maxcy,  Sally.  See  Daggett,  Ebe- 
nezer,  Mrs. 

Maxcv,  Ward,  and  family,  223, 
372,  470,  492. 

Maxfield,  75,  127,  194,  196,  510. 

May,  Dorothy,  478. 

Mayhew,  438. 

Mavnard,  Jonathan,  455. 

Medomac  River,  1,  3,  62,  390,  407. 

Meduncook,  4. 

Meeting-houses,  139,  143,  215, 
218,  221,  226. 

Megunticoock,  4. 

Meredith,  N.H.,  502,  503. 

Mero,  Amariah,  54, 144, 147, 152, 
201,  278,412,  485.  His  family, 
64,  64,  75,  471.  Offices  held 
by,  117,  118,  121-123,  129,  159. 
On  committees,  131,  136,  145, 
149,  150,  251,  264,  288,  290, 
292.  Agent  to  court,  201,  336. 
In  the  army,  329.  Takes  fish, 
420. 

Mero,  Hermon,  and  family,  87, 
306,  472,  492. 

Mero,  John,  291,491. 

Mero,  Sanford,  94. 

Mero,  Spencer,  75,  120,  225,  227, 
306,  307.  Family  of,  88,  471. 
Selectman,  118.  Military  offi- 
cer, 342. 

Mero,  Susan,  Mrs.,  37,  40,  177, 
278,  398,  427,  471,  494. 

Merrifield,  Asaph,  476. 


Merrill,  J.  G.,  Rev.,  216. 

Merritt,  Timothy,  Rev.,  219. 

Merry,  Prudence,  467. 

Mesarvy  and  Meservey,  29,  404, 
487,  494. 

Messer,  Alice,  494. 

Messer,  Asa,  and  family,  76,  472. 
Seizes  a  fox,  410. 

Messer,  Asa,  and  family,  83,  225, 
254,  305,  463,  473. 

Messer,  Ebenezer  S.,  family  of, 
94,  473. 

Messer,  Minot,  family  of,  94,  473. 

Messer,  Parker,  family  of,  90,  473. 

Messer,  Thomas,  and  family,  76, 
196,  473. 

Metcalf,  85,  93,  322,  328,  463, 491. 

Methodists  and  Meeting-house, 
116,194,  196,  217. 

Miles,  Nathan,  Capt.,  455. 

Military  History,  327. 

Mill  Farm,  5,  55.  First  settle- 
ment there,  28. 

Miller,  Abijah,  467.  Alvitia  C, 
431.  Betsey,  448.  Charles, 
and  family,  81,  225.  George, 
93.  Godfrey  and  family,  514. 
Hannah,  512.  Horace,  and  fa- 
mily, 81,  459.  Joanna,  452. 
Johnson,  83.  Joseph,  and  fa- 
mily, 76,  81,  154,  196,  305,  306, 
307,  408.  Margaret  and  Sa- 
lome, 445.  Nancy,  447.  Noah, 
346.  Oliver,  334.  Seth  and 
family,  88,  5^12.  Sarah  Catha- 
rine, 504. 

Miller's  Brook,  3.  Landing,  30. 
Rocky  Point,  26. 

Mills,  2,  41,  55,  101. 

Mills,  Emeline  Amanda,  514. 

Minerals,  97. 

Minks,  412. 

Minott,  431. 

Mirick,  498. 

Mitchell,  154.  A.,  and  family,  445, 
474.  Christiana,  89.  Rev.  Da- 
vid M.,  190,  207.  Henry,  89. 
Jabez  N.,  and  family,  122',  123, 
474.  Jane  W.,  475.  Jeremiah, 
and  family,  76,  123,  129,  177f 
201,  209, 474.  Jeremiah  W.,  94. 
Rev.  M.,  220.  Mary  and  Mer- 
cy, 177,  209.     Rachel,  76,  474. 


GENERAL   INDEX. 


538 


Mitchell,  Thomas,  Thomas,  jun., 
and  others,  76,  127,  131,  133, 
164,  167,  168,  176,  177,  201, 
212,  249,  250,  304-306,  474. 
In  office,  118,  120,  122-124,  253. 

Mitchell,  Thomas  A.,  76,  317,  474. 

Money  and  labor  compared,  286. 

Monhegan,  2. 

Montgomery,  69,  70,  257. 

Moody,  94,  4^65,  492,  516. 

Moore,  Tryphena  and  Albert  D., 
81. 

Moose,  31,  388,  389,  396. 

More,  Bailey,  120,  339,  433. 

Morrill,  220,  479. 

Morse,  Abner,  Rev.,  477. 

Morse,  Asa,  and  family,  47,  308, 
481.  Barnard,  and  family,  317, 
479.  Calvin,  and  family,  129, 
177,  201,  475.  Catherine,  457. 
George  W.,  and  family,  6^,  78, 
225,  480.  James,  455.  James 
B.  and  Mary  A.,  85.  Jedidiah, 
and  family,  88,  481.  Jeremiah, 
455.  Jonathan,  and  family,  76, 
133,  306,  475.     Lavinia,  516. 

Morse,  Joseph,  and  family,  57, 
76,  118,  127,  199,  249,  292,  305, 
306,  340,  455,  476. 

Morse,  Joshua,  and  families,  76, 
83,  226,  307,  308,  457. 

Morse,  Levi,  64,  126,  129,  201, 
227,  303,  432.  His  family,  74, 
476.     In  the  army,  329. 

Morse,  Levi,  65.  Family  of,  78, 
480. 

Morse,  Micajah,  G.,  family  of,  84. 

Morse,  Moses,  14,  201,  305,  451. 
Family  of,  77,  78,  477. 

Morse,  Obadiah,  and  family,  14, 
57,  75,  194,  196,  480. 

Morse,  Walter,  and  family,  317, 
464,  478. 

Morse,  William  B.,  and  family, 
327,  480. 

Morton,  76,  95,  455,  481. 

Mosquitos,  56. 

Moss,  as  a  guide,  273. 

Moulton,  Batt,  498. 

Mount  Pleasant,  1,  20. 

Mowry,  B.  R.,  and  familv,  74,  84, 
111,  126,  511. 

Muddy  Pond,  5,402,  411. 


Murphy,  Charles,  81. 

Murray,  194.  475,  502. 

Muscongus  Patent,  22. 

Muscongus  River,  406. 

Music,  325.     At  the  muster,  359. 

Musquash,  412. 

Musters,  military,  352.  At  Wal- 
doborough,  354.  At  Warren, 
371.  At  McLean's  Mills,  377. 
Description  of,  385. 

Muzzey,  461. 

N. 

Nash,  Mary  Ann,  442. 

Nason,  Abram,  488. 

Needham,  Thomas  and  Ruth,  497. 

Neptune,  Governor  of  the  Penob- 
scot Indians,  2,  5. 

Nevans,  505. 

Newbit,  14,  334,  435,  443,  482, 
488,  510,  511. 

Newcomb,  80. 

Newhall,  James,  251,  482.  Jo- 
nathan, and  familv,  115,  192, 
195,  302,  481.  Roderic  G.,  93. 
William,  248,  249. 

Nichols,  John  S.,  and  family,  486. 

Nicholson,  158,  176,  192,  347. 

Nolen,  Patrick,  510. 

Non-resident  proprietors,  61,  266. 

Norwood,  76,  93,  440. 

Noyes,  79,  436,  448,  489. 

Nurse,  Mehetabel,  475. 

Nye,  Cyrus  Crocker,  and  fami- 
ly, 75,  483.  Edward  T.,  483. 
Stillman,  and  family,  87,  482. 
Thomas,  and  family,  23,  75, 
129,  198,  482.  Thomas  C,  and 
family  of,  86,  483. 

O. 

Oakes,    92,    94,    129,    444,    475, 

483. 
Oath  for  town-officers,  116. 
Odlin,  Elisha  and  Mary,'  501. 
Olney,  272,  484. 
O'Meira,  95,  96. 
G'Neil,  John,  435. 
Orchards,  107. 
Ordway,  507. 
Overlock,  Sally,  450. 
Owen,  Susan  B.,  316. 
Owl's  Head,  20,  21. 


534 


GENERAL   INDEX. 


Oxton,  William,  92. 


Packard,  517.    Benjamin,  35,  38^, 

39.     Joanna,  438.    Reuben,  76. 
Packard,    Hezekiah,    Rev.,    170, 

206.     Mr.  Huse's  letter  to  him, 

171. 
Packard,  Marlboro',  and  their  fa- 
milies,   75,    88,    118,    193-195, 

197,  227,  280,  304,  306,  307. 
Page,  90,  430,  454,  469. 
Palmer,  480,  512. 
Paper-mills,  109. 
Pardoe,  John,  and  family,  85,  111. 
Parker,  472.     Rev.  Freeman,  170, 

214. 
Parks,  351,  509. 
Partridge,   50,  57,   64,   130,  404, 

464,  484. 
Patch,  Daniel,  434. 
Patten,  Hugh,  Capt.,  364. 
Patterson,  499,  506. 
Paupers,  270. 
Payne,  Elizabeth,  431. 
Payson,  Jesse  \V.,  and  family,  83, 

122,  225,  255,  327,  463. 
Payson,  John,  74,  225,  226,  389. 

His  family,  80,  446.     In  office, 

118,  280,  306. 
Payson.  Madan  K.,  and  family, 

95,  327,  464. 
Payson,  Nathan  D.,  and  family, 

78,  327. 
Payson,  Samuel  and  Sarah,  51, 

460. 
Payson,  Eunice,  450. 
Peabody,  80,   84,   197,  443,  460, 

466,  481,  484,  485,  515,  517. 
Peace,  346. 
Peaches,  107. 
Peale,  Elizabeth,  498. 
Pearce  or  Pearse,  490. 
Pearson,  Rachel,  474. 
Pease,   16,   63,  90,  93,  410,  432, 

437,  448,  466,  468,  505,  508. 
Peck,  Capron,  471. 
Pel  ton,  Moses,  249-251. 
Pendleton,  Abby,  441. 
Penny,  William,  and  family,  473. 
Penobscot,  20,  334.     Explored  by 

Champluin,    20.       See   Biguy- 

duce. 


Pentecost  Harbor,  2. 

Perham,  Samuel,  and  family,  442. 

Perkins,  220,  485,  502. 

Perry,  330,  347,  436,  455. 

Pettengill  Stream,  2,  391. 

Pevee  [Peavey  ?],  Jacob,  474. 

Philbrook,  89,  465,  504. 

Phippen,  500,  507. 

Phipps,  330. 

Physicians,  320. 

Pickerel,  423. 

Pickering,  447,  470. 

Picket,  Anna,  500. 

Pickworth,  497. 

Pigeons,  413. 

Pike,  319. 

Pilsbury,  76,  127. 

Pinkham,  93. 

Piper,  456. 

Pitcairn,  332. 

Pitcher,  85. 

Pitkin,  J.  B.,  Rev.,  315. 

Pitman,  95,  339. 

Pitts,  Abner,  74. 

Plantation  organization,  59. 

Plums,  107. 

Politics,  230. 

Pomerov,  476. 

Pond,  446,  460,  463,  484. 

Ponds  in  Union,  4. 

Poor,  Betsey,  478. 

Pope,  HI,  116,  195,  232,  233,  304. 

Popham,  George,  2,  20. 

Population,  73. 

Porterfield,  44. 

Post,  78,  85,  307. 

Post-offices,  115,  254. 

Potatoes,  106. 

Potter,  Mary,  431. 

Pound,  140. 

Powder  and  Powder-house,  153, 

337. 
Pratt,  193,  195,  305,  485,  510. 
Preaching,  the  first,  162. 
Preble,  Martha,  450. 
Prescott,  Rufus,  83. 
Preston,  John,  493. 
Priest,  John  Baxter,  470. 
Prince,  216,  271,  464,  485. 
Pring,    Martin,    Capt.,    at    Fox 

Islands,  20. 
Prior,  476,  514. 
Proctor,  John,  family  of,  92. 


GENERAL   INDEX. 


585 


Publishments,  158. 
Putnam,  town  of,  62. 


Quakers,  67,  192,  195. 

Quantabacook,  389,  392. 

Quiggle,  76,  79,  293,  304,  485, 
488. 

R. 

Raccoons,  411. 

RacklifFe  [Radcliffe  ?],  Isaac,  90. 

Rains,  9. 

Raisings,  39,  147. 

Raizor,  Dolly,  474. 

Ransom,  Olivia,  487. 

Ravvson,  Avery,  Col.,  353,  357, 
361,  365,  369. 

Read,  505. 

Reed,  34,  50,  101,  134,  266,  432, 
454,  471. 

Remely,  Matthias,  Journal  of,  24. 

Revolution,  incidents  in  the,  258, 
334. 

Revolutionary  soldiers,  41,  327. 

Rice,  96,  225,  227,  342,  455. 

Rice,  Elisha  E.,  and  family,  122, 
127,  254,  319,  320. 

Rice,  Franklin,  family  of,  92,  492. 

Rice,  Isaac,  family  of,  506. 

Rice,  James,  114,  129,  177,  201, 
204,  209,  210.    His  family,  320. 

Rice,  Nathan  D.,  46,  141,  194, 
196,  218,  306,  442.  Family  of, 
75,  90,  320.  In  office,  122, 
124,  128,  129,  253,  254,  305. 

Rice,  Noah,  14,  75,  201,280,  291, 
304,  306,  307,  479,  480.  Mili- 
tary officer,  338,  339.  At  the 
muster,  356,  360,  374.  Re- 
elected captain,  374.  Court- 
martialled,  375. 

Rice,  Noah  S.,  and  family,  86,  225, 
479. 

Rice,  Richard  D.,  andfamilv,  320. 

Rich,  76,  220-222,  446. 

Richards,  74,  510. 

Richardson,  John  W.  and  Abi- 
gail, 462. 

Ricker,  192,  219. 

Riddel,  and  family,  163. 

Rifle  Company,  and  officers,  341, 
351.  At  the  muster,  355.  Dis- 
banded, 377. 


Ring,  Jacob,  127,  194,  195,  197. 

Ripley,  88,  89,  347,  439,  440,  443, 
445,  474,  508. 

Ripley,  Ezra,  Rev.,  169,  189. 

Rising,  79,  439. 

Rivers,  1. 

Roads,  61.     See  Highways. 

Roakes,  334.  Robert  and  John, 
16.  Marcus,  78.  James,  and 
family,  93.  Sarah  and  E.  P.,  93. 
Margaret,  434.     Daniel,  437. 

Robbins  genealogy,  486. 

Robbins,  76,  79,  80,  84,  92,  95, 
96,  262,  339,  374,  380, 445, 452, 
'489. 

Robbins,  Augustus  C,  253,  318, 
319.  Cited,  315.  Information 
from,  425.     His  family,  493. 

Robbins,  Bela,  47,  64,  75,  127, 
145,  194,  196,  302.  In  the 
army,  330.  Deer-reeve,  389. 
His  family,  486. 

Robbins,  Cyrus,  and  family,  76,, 
90,  91,  280,  307,  339. 

Robbins,  David,  37, 130, 152,  154, 
201,  209,  258,  259,  279,  403, 
484.  An  early  settler,  38,  39. 
Distressed  for  food,  45.  His 
family,  75,  488.  In  office,  119, 
121,  123,  127,  129,  159.  On 
committees,  136,  168,  170,  290. 
Church-member,  177.  Hunter, 
387,  397.    Pigeon- catcher,  414. 

Robbins,  David,  and  family,  75, 
96,  201,  223,  305-308,  489. 

Robbins,  Ebenezer,  38,  330,  494. 

Robbins,  Ebenezer,  and  others, 
47,  64,  75,  80,  87, 145, 146, 196, 
258,  259,  303,  347,  445,  469, 
475,  487. 

Robbins,  Jacob,  331,  334,  494. 

Robbins,  Jason,  and  others,  50, 
75,  95,  226,  306-308,  400,  488, 
491. 

Robbins,  "  Aunt  Mima,"  176, 
321,  493. 

Robbins,  Jessa,  25,  37-39,  47,  50, 
54,  69,  126,  129,  152,  154,  159, 
201,  258,  259,  331,  337,  425. 
On  going  to  mill,  56.  His 
family,  64,  75,  95,  490.  A 
hunter,  390,  396,  408.  Oldest 
person  in  town,  427. 


536 


GENERAL   INDEX. 


Kobbins,  Jesse,  and  family,  226, 

227,  491. 
llobbins,  John  C,  and  family,  75, 

122,  124,  306,  490.  His  mili- 
tary performances  at  musters, 
358,  370. 

llobbins,  John  P.,  42,  201,  225, 
227,  400.  Family  of,  75,  95, 
491.  Military  officer,  339.  At 
the  muster,  355,  356.  Court- 
martialled,  366.  Proposition  to 
re-elect  him,  373. 

llobbins,  Joseph,  and  family,  76, 
489. 

llobbins,  Josiah,  7,  131,  146,  152, 
176,274,413,420.  Early  settler, 
54.  His  family,  57,  64,  65,  176, 
491.  In  office,  117,  119,  123, 
129.  On  committees,  136,  143- 
145,  150,  162,  166,  167,  198, 
267,  290.     In  the  army,  330. 

Robbins,  Lewis,  and  family,  75, 
83,  292,  493. 

llobbins,  Nathan  B.,  and  family, 
83,  254,  493. 

Robbins,  Nathaniel,  56,  152,  154, 
201,  226,  279,  416,  419,  467. 
On  black  flies,  5Q.  Storekeep- 
er, HI,  112,  114.  Moderator, 
116.     In  office,   117,  118,  120, 

123,  126,  129,  252-254.  Monu-, 
ment  to,  132.  Takes  jobs,  155, 
291.  On  committees,  170,  192, 
199,  232,  233,  288,  289,  302, 
304.  Of  the  legislature,  247- 
249.  A  hunter,  400,  407. 
Catches  pigeons,  414.  Infor- 
mation from,  425.  His  family, 
491. 

Robbins,  Nathaniel,  and  family, 
79,  226,  307,  415,  492. 

Robbins,  Oliver,  and  others,  58, 
436,  437. 

Robbins,  Philip,  7,  25,  59,  114, 
115,  130,  152,  258,  259,  275, 
397,  420.  Builds,  40.  His  fa- 
mily, 64,  487,  493,  504.  Raises 
rye,  105.  In  office,  117,  129. 
On  committees,  143-147,  162, 
163,  198,  267.  First  preaching 
at  his  house,  162.  Licensed,  230. 
Agent,  257.  In  the  revolution, 
331,  334,  335.    Hunts,  394. 


Robbins,  Willard,   54,    63,    225, 

226,  307.     Family  of,  84,  492. 

In   office,    119,    121,  254,  280. 

Burying- ground  and,  131,  132. 
Robbins   Neck,   24,  318.     Taken 

possession  of,  28.     Settled,  54. 

Moose  and  bears  on  the,  392, 

401. 
Robbins's  Point,  130,  388. 
Robertson,  Paulina  Pottle,  441. 
Robinson,  75,  95,  306,  320,  437, 

442,  444,  448,   450,   488,  501, 

503,  511. 
Rogers,  129,  293,  494,  501. 
Rogue's  March,  359,  365. 
Rolfe,  450. 
Rollins,  80,  82,  96. 
Ropes,  John,  499. 
Rosier's  account  of  Weymouth's 

voyage,  2,  3,  20. 
Round  Pond,  5.     Beaver-dam  at, 

411.     Meadows,  45,  387. 
Rowell,  Ruth,  436. 
Ruggles,  John,  364. 
Russ,  Jane  Houston,  436. 
Russell,  48,  459. 
Rust,  248. 

Ryan,  Daniel  R.,  and  family,  85. 
Rye,  7,  30,  35,  39,  105. 

S. 
Sables,  393,  412. 
Sagadahoc,  2,  20. 
St.  Clair,  80,  127. 
St.  George's  Island  Harbor,  2. 
St.    George's   River,    1,   19,   105. 

Proposed  as  a  boundary,  22. 
Salmon,  419. 
Sambo,  the  dog,  403. 
Sampson,  320.     Deb.,  478. 
Sanford,  512. 
Sargent,  127,  317,  507. 
Sargiis,  482. 
Savage,  320. 

Sawin,  Phares  and  Mary,  476. 
Saw-mills,  41,  101. 
Sawyer,  177,  182,  498,  501. 
Say  ward,  78,  88,  305,  451,  495. 
Schenck,  Capt.,  449. 
Schools,    294.        Districts,    302. 

Houses,  303.    Committees,  303. 

Agents,    305.      Children,  308. 

Money,  310.     State-grants  for. 


GENERAL  INDEX. 


537 


311.    High  schools,  315.    For 

writing,  315. 
Scott,  182,  467. 
Searles,  Stephen,  30. 
Seaton,  James  and  Abigail,  502. 
Seavey,  David,  and  wife,  481. 
Segocket,  the  river,  1,  2,  20. 
Seiders,  Henry,  38.  Family  of,  96. 
Selectmen,  117, 
Senators,  247. 
Sennott,  Francis,  88. 
Setting  guns  for  bears,  395. 
Seven  Brook,  3,  19. 
Seven-tree    Pond,    5.       Persons 

drowned  in,  69.     Bear  in,  397. 

Loons  in,  415.  Eagles  there,421. 
Severance,  Severing,  or  Sevrance, 

194,  196,  483,  515. 

Sewall,  and  the  Hills'  party,  172, 

177. 
Seymour,  E,i : ,  3. 
Shattuck,  479,  480,  494. 
Shaw,  457,  499,  511. 
Shepard,  76,  89,  90,  92,  95,  176, 

195,  201,   209,  280,  292,   448, 
451,  471,  494. 

Shepard,  Chloe,  451.  Eunice  "W., 
471. 

Shepard,  Prof.,  216. 

Shepherd  or  Shepard,  Wm.,  75, 
128,  249,  250.  Justice,  253. 
Lieutenant,  342. 

Shepherd,  of  Stratham,  501. 

Sherburne,  Mass.,  64,  65. 

Sherman,  475,  510. 

Sherror  or  Sherrod,  444. 

Shibles,  James,  75. 

Shingles,  100. 

Shorey,  506. 

Sibley  genealogy,  495. 

Sibley,  Jacob,  16,  195,  197,  306. 
Struck  by  lightning,  16.  Fa- 
mily of,  76,  87,  504. 

Sibley,  John  L.,  318,  409,  497. 

Sibley,  Jonathan,  Dr.,  9, 107,  314, 
412,  413,  439,  453.  Cited,  9, 
11,  13.  Family  of,  75,  84,  134, 
476,  495.  Town-clerk,  117.  On 
committees,  198,  199,  303,  304. 
Justice,  252,  253.  His  lyceum- 
lectures,  316,  426.  Physician, 
321,  324. 

Sidelinger,  77,  88,  89,  306-806. 
46 


Sikes,  O.,  Rev.,  and  family,  214, 

304. 
Silloway,  George,  75,  84,  464. 
Simmons,  75,  83,  87,  93,  94,  120, 

194,    195,   197,    306,  443,  454, 

455,  463,  472,  481,  504. 
Simulium  molestum,  56. 
Simulium  nocivum,  57. 
Sinclair,  James,  76,  197. 
Singer,  Jane,  437. 
Singing- schools,  325. 
Skidmore,  93,  251,  280,  306-308. 
Skinner,  76,  81,  339,  380. 
Sleds,  278. 
Sleeper,  Albert,  438. 
Small,  307,  497. 
Smelts,  422. 
Smith,   95,    129,   320,   436,  491, 

493  499. 
Smith,  Rev.,  207,  215,  219. 
Smith,  John,  Capt.,  explores  the 

coast,  2.     His  books  and  map, 

2,  20.     His  attempt  to  form  a 

colony,  21. 
Smith,  S.  E.,  Governor*  156,  375. 
Snell,  126,  157,  194,  196,  506. 
Snow,  431,  452,  508. 
Somes,  485,  486. 
Southworth,  Alice,  478,  479. 
Spalding  and  Spaulding,  434, 516. 
Spear,  81,  201  [?],  436,  457,  513. 
Speed,  Benjamin,  100. 
Spencer,  Mass.,  111. 
Spinning-wheels,  108. 
Spooner,  Reliance,  457. 
Spurr,  Samuel,  196,  201  [?]. 
Standish,  Eliza,  513. 
Stanley,  John,  450. 
Stanwood,  511. 
Staples,  Mariah,  471. 
Starr,  Rev.  Mr.,  325. 
Starrett,  114,  192,  209,  304,  448, 

480. 
Staunton,  Paul,  and  family,  503. 
Stearns,  Charles,  84. 
Sterling,  83,  308,  489. 
Sterling,  in  Warren,  24,  27. 
Stetson,  86,  445,  483. 
Stevens,  76,  83,  90,  93,  95,  307, 

308,  502,  503,  512. 
Stewart,  Holmes,  508. 
Stewart,  L  D.,  Rev.,  500, 502, 506. 
Stewart,  O.  O.,  87,  128,  491,  508. 


538 


GENERAL  INDEX. 


Stewart,  Timothy,  76,  152,  194, 
196,  412.  Family  of,  87,  508. 
In  office,  120, 129, 136,  252, 253. 

Stewart,  ^Y.  D.,  family  of,  87,  508. 

Stimson  and  Stimpson,  75,  219. 

Stinson,  506. 

Stirling,  Lord,  27. 

Stirlington,  27.  A  plantation,  59. 

Stoddard,  Abby  Maria  S.,  442. 

Stone,  Allen,  and  family,  75,  508. 
Caroline  F.,  78.  Eben,  341, 
609.  Jonas,  347,  509.  Micah, 
456.  Rachel,  76.  Rufus  and 
Silvia  G.,  94. 

Stone,  Samuel,  76,  223,  250,  251. 
Family  of,  76,  94,  509.  Offices 
held  by,  118,  120,  132,  256, 
280,  306,  308,  341. 

Stone,  Waldron,  and  family,  119, 
136,  152,  303,  433,  508. 

Storer,  Horatio  Robinson,  419. 

Stores,  111. 

Stoughton,  Mass.,  settlers  from, 
38,  54. 

Strachey  manuscript,  2,  20. 

Stratham,  N.  H.,  440,  490,  498. 

Stratton,  477,  506. 

Stuart,  Anna,  501. 

Stubbs,  127,  194,  196,  347,  430. 

Suchfort,  11,  43,  44,  92,  449,  514. 

Sullivan,  James,  Governor,  2,  7. 

Sumner,  86,  448. 

Sunnybec  Pond,  1,  4,  43,  424. 

Superstitions,  227. 

Surplus  revenue,  269. 

Surveyors  of  highways,  279. 

Sutton,  Mass.,  439,  498. 

Swain,  John  and  Abigail,  499. 

Swan,  77,  483. 

Sweetser,  Olive,  468. 

Swivel,  347. 

Symonds,  500. 

T. 

Tanneries,  110. 

Taxes,  256.  Petitions  to  the  Le- 
gislature respecting,  257,  262. 
In  other  towns,  260.  Tables 
of,  261,  262, 281.  Paid  in  pro- 
duce, 261,  310.  Time  for  pay- 
ing, 265.  Reed's  case,  266. 
Highway,  280.  For  schools,  310. 

Taxes,  parish  or  ministerial,  164, 


165,  193.    Remission  of,  145 

146,  193-197. 
Taylor,  78,  91,  92,  219,  447,  467, 

470. 
Taylor,  J.,  Dr.,  29,  101,  266,  436. 

Purchases  the  township,  29,61. 

His  arrival,  30.     Deed  to,  32. 

His  life,  character,  and  family, 

34,  48.      Purchases  made  of, 

36,  42,  45,  50.     His  trade  and 

quarrel  with  Jennison,  47.   His 

death,  48.    His  conveyance  to 

Reed,  50. 
Taylortown,  28.    Organization  of, 

59. 
Temperance,  230. 
Tenney,  75,  502. 
Tew,  Elethan,  482. 
Texas  and  Texan  War,  348,  441. 
Thatcher,  Ebenezer,  214. 
Thayer,  128,  454. 
Thing,  Nancy,  499. 
Thomas,  Waterman,  63.    Emery, 

and    family,    81.     James,   90. 

Mary,     451.       Catherine    and 

Mary,  457. 
Thomaston,  1,  2,  347. 
Thompson,  75,  76,  81,  86,  89,  92, 

122,    127,    194,    196,    305-307, 

320,  392,  443,  454,  465,  509, 

510,  513. 
Thorndike,  77,  82,  154,  227,  469, 

491,  492. 
Thurrell,  Patience,  501. 
Thurston,  216,  305. 
Thurston,    Nahum,   50,   66,   76, 

307.     Family  of,  95,  133,  483, 

484. 
Thurston,  Philo,  and  family,  57, 

75,  85,  91,  227,  306,  449,  489. 

Military  notice  of*  339,  377. 
Thwing,  James,  Rev.,  220.     Jo- 

siah,  453. 
Tibbets  and  Tibbetts,  486,  600* 
Tifft,  517. 
Tilson,  448. 
Timber,  97. 
Tinkham,  479. 
Tithingmen,  126. 
Titus,  75,  91,  128,  129,  162,  194, 

196,  223,  278,  610. 
Tobey,  Cecilia  and  George,  442. 
Tobey,  John,  Capt.,  67,  162,  201, 


GENERAL  INDEX. 


539 


228,  281,  292,401,402.  Family 
of,  76,  95,  133,  177,  512.  As- 
sessor, 120. 

Tobey,  Nathaniel,  and  family,  76, 
223,  306,  307,  339,  512. 

Tolman,  79,  434,  438. 

Tombs,  134. 

Toothaker,  438. 

Tories,  333,  334. 

Town  histories,  2,  24. 

Town-house,  141. 

Town-lines  perambulated,  62. 

Town-meetings,  114. 

Townsend,  76,  94,  95. 

Trade,  111. 

Trask,  500. 

Travelling,  early,  257,  273,  277. 

Treasurers,  126. 

Trees,  felling  of,  98. 

Tripp,  Charles,  90. 

Trout,  423. 

True,  Ezekiel,  of  Montville,  106. 

True,  Henry,  Rev.,  17,  249,  326, 
344.  Notices  deaths,  17.  Fa- 
mily of,  75,  169,  432.  Offices 
held  by,  117,  253,  304.  Settled 
as  a  clergyman,  169.  Oppo- 
sition to  him,  170,  177.  Dis- 
missed, 203,  204,  208. 

True,  H.  Rev.,  Methodist,  219. 

True,  Henry  A.,  Dr.,  25,  316,  318, 
322,  432.     Cited,  25,  493. 

Tuck,  88,  90. 

Tucker,47, 129, 192, 194, 195, 197. 

Tuner,  the  dog,  387. 

Turner,  364,  367,  498. 

Twining,  Mary,  452. 

Twins,  exemption  from  taxes  for, 
262. 

Tyler,  431,  517. 

U. 

TJlmer,  Sally,  Catherine,  and 
Elizabeth,  437.  Dr.  Charles, 
452.     James  A.,  57,  439,  481. 

Underwood,  Joshua,  455. 

Universalists,  222. 

Upham,  76,  93,  94,  306,  444,  480. 

Urine  doctor,  324. 

Urquhart,  161. 

V. 

Valpey,  499. 

Vaughan  or  Vaughn,  Joseph,  29, 


74,  112,  139,  154,  201,  289,  291, 

305,  307,  469.    Family  of,  78. 
Vaughan,  Joseph,  and  family,  85, 

111,  120,  307. 
Vaughan,   Stetson,    and    family, 

456. 
Vaughan,  "William,  family  of,  78. 
Vaughan's  Iron  Works,  111. 
Vaughn  for  Vaughan,  305. 
Vinal,  Phebe,  473. 
Visiting  by  early  settlers,  277. 
Vose,  Elijah,  and  family,  83,  325, 

432.    In  office,  121,  126.     On 

committees,  132,  305.     Justice, 

254.     Lawyer,  319. 
Vose,  Joanna  E.,  432. 

W. 

Wade,  75,  95,  306,  320,  445,  504. 

Wadsworth,  Peleg,  Gen.,  258, 
335. 

Walcott,  Jona.,  and  family,  497. 

Walcott,  Manning,  family  of,  96, 
514. 

Walcott,  Pente,  and  family,  76, 
304,  473,  513. 

Walcott,  Spencer,  and  family,  74, 
86,  492,  513.  In  office,  120, 
122,  123,  126,  127,  129,  305. 
Baptist,  193,  195,  197.  Votes, 
247. 

Walcott,  Spencer,  and  family,  87, 
226,  307,  514. 

Waldo,  6,  33. 

Waldo  patent,  22. 

Waldoborough,  1,  62.  Military 
difficulty  with,  350. 

Walker,  Abel,  76,  127-129,  194, 
195,  197,  306.  Family  of,  79, 
470. 

Walker,  Amos,  74,  127,  306,  307, 
459.  Family  of,  82,  447.  Of 
the  Hill's  party,  177,  209. 

Walker,  Asa,  308,  514.  Benja- 
min and  family,  76,  86,  127. 
Daniel  and  family,  76,  91,  127, 
194,  209-212,  307,  514.  John 
and  family,  76,  91,  127,  305- 
307,  514.  Dr.  John  B.,  323. 
Mercy,  476.  Nathan  and 
others,  128,  514.  Silas  and  fa- 
mily, 76,  79. 
Walpole,  Mass.,  settlers  from,  36. 


540 


GENERAL   INDEX. 


Walton,  J.  H.,  and  family,  466. 

War  of  1812,  343. 

Ward,  476,  499. 

Ware,  Jason,  15,  114,  259,  264, 
275,328.  Struck  by  lightning, 
15.  Buys  land,  42.  Settles,  46, 
51.  His  family,  64,  75,  511,  515. 
Offices  held  by,  117,  119,  121, 
126,  127,  304.  Methodist,  194, 
196,218.  A  hunter,  403.  His 
dog  Sambo,  403. 

Ware,  Vinal,  46,  75,  198,  307, 
411.     Family  of,  90,  515. 

Ware,  Warren,  248. 

Warning  out  of  town,  270. 

Warren,  Eaton's  History  of,  24. 
Controversy  with,  256. 

Warren,  Cyrus,  Rev.,  220. 

Washington,  town  of,  1,  100. 
First  team  to,  279. 

Waters,  325,  443. 

Weasel,  412. 

Weaver,  Polly,  487. 

Webb,  69,  268,  456,  499,  500,  516. 

Webster,  81,  220,  305,  454,  512. 

Wedding,  the  first,  49. 

AVeeks  490. 

Wellington,*  127,  168,  177,  328, 
332,  433,  493. 

Wellman,  69,  82. 

Wells,  Sarah,  498,  501. 

Wentworth,  Lemuel,  14,  15,  333. 
Joshua  W.,  and  family,  80. 
Warren,  83.  Mary,  87.  Rev. 
Daniel,  219.  Freelove,  447. 
Lewis,  451. 

West,  George,  115,  126,  149,152, 
288,  401,  441,  467.  On  com- 
mittees, 145,  146.  His  family, 
516. 

West,  George  W.,  129,  195-197, 
222,  516. 

Weston,  219,  445. 

Wetherbee,  482,  509. 

Weymouth,  George,  Capt.,  2,  20. 

Weymouth,  Timothy,  508. 

Wheaton,  Mason,  Col.,  45,  47,  49, 
51,  60,  66,  251,  275,  484. 

Whedon,  76. 

Whipple,  49. 


Whitcomb,  465. 

White,  78,  219,  454. 

White,  William,  writes  a  petition, . 
233.  His  Fourth-of-July  Ora- 
tion, 236.  Postmaster,  255.  On 
a  committee,  304.  Lawyer,  318. 

White  Hills  visible,  20. 

Whiting,  236.  Thurston,  and 
family,  79, 122,  227,  439.  B.  G. 
and  Nancy,  85.  Nathan,  122. 
John,  197,  253.    Hervey,  452. 

Whitney,  79,  86,  127,  128,  197, 
444,  476. 

Whittemore,  85,  327. 

Whittier,  226,  470. 

Wight,  129,  461,  516. 

Wilder,  Lydia,  506. 

Wiley,  443,  489. 

Williams,  John,  and  family,  85. 
Martha,  176,  192.  Capt.  Na- 
than, 340.  Sarah  Elizabeth, 
and  others,  431.  John,  456. 
Lucy,  468.  Roger,  482.  Eli- 
jah, Elizabeth,  and  Eunice,  485. 

Williamson,  219,  472. 

Wing,  444. 

Wingate,  77,  83,  95,  197,  512. 

Winslow,  33,  471,  488,  489. 

Witchcraft,  228. 

Witham,  514. 

Witt,  William,  249,  251. 

Wolves  and  wolf-hunt,  406. 

Woodcock,  114,  126,  129,  130, 
144,  162,  302,  490,  516. 

Woodhull,  R.,  Rev.,  216,  217. 

Woodman,  Charlotte,  434. 

Woodward,  Nathan,  46. 

Worth,  457. 

Wright,  Thos.,  30, 34.   Eliab,  460. 

Writing-school,  315. 

Wyman,  30,  517. 


Yellalee,  Robert,  Rev.,  219. 

York,  Thomas  and  Mahala,  493. 

Young,  74,  79,  86,  92,  127,  194, 
196,  250,  251,  491. 

Young,  Christopher,  76,  225.  Fa- 
mily of,  82,  454.  Li  office,  120, 
122,  251,  306-308. 


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